Multi-stress-state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device and method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a multi-stress-state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device and method, and relates to the technical field of stress corrosion test, in particular to the field of anchor rod and anchor cable stress corrosion test for comprehensively simulating the influence of multiple factors such as the multi-stress-state of an anchor rod and anchor cable, mine water corrosion and microbial corrosion. The multi-stress-state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device comprises the base, the extension rod fixed on the base and the assembly fixed on the extension rod, so that the number of contrast test groups can be increased according to test requirements; a plurality of extension rods and one or more of a solution conveying pipe, a solution dropper, a waste liquid pool, a lock, an axial tension sensor, a torsion loading assembly, a transverse shearing force loading assembly and a stress sensor are added. The stress corrosion test device can be used for simultaneously carrying out a stress corrosion test on a plurality of anchor rods or anchor cables under the condition of single stress or multi-stress combination, effectively reduces test errors, improves test efficiency, is provided with a plurality of locks corresponding to the anchor rods or anchor cables, and improves the universality of the test device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of stress corrosion testing technology, and in particular to the field of stress corrosion testing of anchor rods and cables that comprehensively simulates the influence of multiple factors such as stress on anchor rods and cables, mine water corrosion, and microbial corrosion. Background Art

[0002] With the increase of mining depth, the complexity of rock stress and surrounding rock environment has increased significantly. As a common rock support tool, the performance of anchor bolts is directly related to the stability and safety of underground engineering. However, mine water often contains various corrosive media, such as sulfates, nitrates and microorganisms. At the same time, in the real mine environment, different gas content and pressure environment have a significant impact on anchor bolts and cables. Workers' breathing, material oxidation, gas outburst, etc. will affect the change of oxygen content. Some other acidic gases that are easily soluble in water react with the water in the mine to form acidic liquids, which will cause greater corrosion to anchor bolts and cables. High gas pressure may cause the rock or soil around the anchor bolts and cables to be squeezed and deformed, thereby changing its stress state. Gas pressure changes may also cause stress fluctuations inside the anchor bolts and cables, affecting the durability of the anchor bolts and cables. These factors will aggravate the stress corrosion damage of the anchor bolts and cables and reduce their long-term support effect. Most traditional anchor bolt and cable corrosion test devices only focus on single chemical or physical effects, but ignore the real mine environment with multiple factors coupling.

[0003] The existing devices for studying the entire anchor bolt and cable can only study a single anchor bolt and cable at the same time or apply a single stress to the anchor bolt and cable. If multiple groups of tests are to be compared, the processes of replacing the test pieces and configuring the solutions will cause unavoidable large errors in the tests.

[0004] In recent years, the demand for anchor performance research in complex corrosion environments has gradually increased. To this end, a stress corrosion test device for anchors has been developed that can comprehensively simulate multiple stress states, mine water corrosion, microbial corrosion and other factors. At the same time, the number of control test groups can be flexibly changed according to experimental needs to reduce the error of principle tests. This is of great significance for revealing the failure mechanism of anchors in complex environments, optimizing support design, and improving the safety of underground projects. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a device and method for testing corrosion of anchor rods and cables under multiple stress states, which can change the number of control test groups according to test needs, add multiple groups of control tests, simulate a service environment with multiple stress states and multiple factors, reduce test errors, and improve test efficiency.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-stress state anchor bolt and cable corrosion test device comprising: a base and at least one protruding rod fixed on the base, and also comprising one or more of a solution delivery pipe, a solution dripper, a waste liquid tank, an axial tension sensor, a torsion loading assembly, a transverse shear loading assembly and a stress sensor; the base is fixedly connected to the protruding rod to fix the protruding rod and support the protruding rod and other components mounted thereon; Each of the extending rods supports and is fixedly connected to one or more of the solution delivery pipe, solution dripper, waste liquid pool, lock, axial tension sensor, torsion loading assembly, lateral shear loading assembly and stress sensor; the locks have different sizes, and when connecting with different types of anchor rods or anchor cable specimens, there is no need to process the anchor rods or anchor cable specimens, and the anchor rods or anchor cable specimens are fixed by replacing the locks with locks with corresponding matching structures of the anchor rods or anchor cable specimens; and the test device has a plurality of the locks, and one or more of the locks are used to simultaneously fix one or more anchor rods or anchor cable specimens according to test requirements.

[0007] Optionally, the test device further comprises a solution pool, wherein the solution pool and the solution delivery pipe are both made of transparent organic glass, and the solution pool is placed on the base.

[0008] Optionally, an opening is provided below the side or bottom edge of the solution pool and the opening is connected to the solution delivery pipe; the solution delivery pipe delivers the solution in the solution pool to the solution dripper through the opening.

[0009] Optionally, the solution dripper is made of corrosion-resistant metal; the solution dripper is fixed above the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen, and each of the solution drippers has a separate flow control valve.

[0010] Optionally, the waste liquid pool is made of corrosion-resistant metal material, fixed on the extension rod, and located directly below the solution dripper; there are holes on both sides of the waste liquid pool for passing anchor rods or anchor cable specimens through the holes on both sides of the waste liquid pool; a switch valve is installed at the bottom of the waste liquid pool, and the valve at the bottom of the waste liquid pool is used to discharge waste liquid.

[0011] Optionally, the test device further includes a heater, a temperature sensor, and a temperature controller; the heater and the temperature sensor are fixed inside the solution pool and are evenly distributed; and the temperature controller controls the heater to heat the solution according to the solution temperature detected by the temperature sensor.

[0012] Optionally, the test device further comprises a vacuum box having a gas inlet and an exhaust port.

[0013] Optionally, the test device also includes an external axial tension applying machine; the external axial tension applying machine has a through hole and a fixing device, and the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen passes through the through hole on the external axial tension applying machine and is fixed on the machine.

[0014] Optionally, the test device also includes a steel pad; according to experimental requirements, the steel pad is fixed on both sides of the axial tension sensor, and then the axial tension sensor and the steel pad are fixed together on both sides of the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen, and the steel pad is used to fix the axial tension sensor and protect the axial tension sensor from being damaged during the stress loading process.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for testing corrosion of anchor rods and cables under multiple stress states. Based on any of the multiple stress state anchor rod and cable corrosion testing devices described in the first aspect, when multiple groups of anchor rod or cable specimens are added for control tests according to test needs, the extension rod, the solution delivery pipe, the solution dripper, the waste liquid pool, and the lock are added accordingly; according to different stress conditions required for the anchor rod or cable specimen, one or more of an axial tension sensor, a torsion loading assembly, a lateral shear loading assembly, a stress sensor, and an external axial tension applying machine are added accordingly, and the anchor rod or cable specimen is connected to the added structure; the following operating steps are included: Fixing the solution delivery pipe and the solution dripper on the extension rod; Fix the waste liquid pool on the extension rod, just below the solution dripper; Insert the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen through the holes on both sides of the waste liquid pool, fix the steel pads and axial tension sensors on both sides of the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen according to the test requirements, and then use the locks to fix the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen on both sides; According to the test requirements, the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen is connected to one or more of the external axial tension applying machine, the torsion loading assembly, the transverse shear loading assembly and the stress sensor; After the above device is fixed, at least one of axial tension, torsion and transverse shear force is applied to the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen according to the test requirements; After the force is applied, pour the prepared solution into the solution pool; use a temperature controller to control the solution temperature according to the test requirements, so that the solution temperature is maintained at the set temperature for a long time; Waiting for the solution temperature to reach the set temperature, opening the solution dripper flow control valve, observing the solution flow rate through the transparent organic glass solution pipeline, and adjusting the solution flow rate by adjusting the solution dripper flow control valve; The solution drips from the solution dripper onto the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen to simulate the dripping state in the anchor rod or anchor cable service environment, and the test waste liquid dripped on the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen flows to the waste liquid pool below for temporary storage; After the solution drips on the anchor rod for a certain test time, the test is stopped, the vacuum box is opened, the solution dripper is closed, and various data of the anchor rod are measured and calculated to obtain data; After the test, the valve at the bottom of the waste liquid pool is opened to collect and treat the waste liquid.

[0016] Optionally, if the test requires placing the test device in an environment with a specific gas content and pressure, the test method further comprises the steps of: Before the test begins, the anchor rod and cable corrosion test device under multiple stress states is placed in its entirety in the vacuum box; After adjusting the solution flow rate of the solution dripper, the vacuum box is sealed, gases of different proportions and contents are introduced from the gas inlet of the vacuum box, and the gas in the original space is discharged from the gas outlet until the vacuum box reaches the conditions required for the test, so as to simulate the gas proportion, content and pressure conditions in the service environment.

[0017] The present invention provides a multi-stress state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device and method. When the test requires multiple groups of control tests, the number of protruding rods and other components fixed on the protruding rods are flexibly increased according to the number of anchor rod or anchor cable specimens added according to the test needs, and the protruding rods are fixedly connected to the base, so that other components installed on the protruding rods can be supported while fixing and supporting the protruding rods; in one test, multiple locks can be used to fix multiple anchor rods or anchor cable specimens at the same time, and there are locks of various sizes, so that the test device can connect different types of anchor rods or anchor cable specimens with the locks without processing the anchor rods or anchor cable specimens, thereby improving the versatility of the test device; in one test, the torsion loading component, the lateral shear loading component, the external axial tensile loading machine and the corresponding sensors can simultaneously apply a single stress or a combination of multiple stresses to multiple anchor rods or anchor cables. Stress corrosion tests are performed to improve the test efficiency. By adding multiple groups of control tests, the test error can be reduced, and the experimental data can be more credible, thereby obtaining more accurate conclusions. When it is necessary to simulate the gas and pressure environment of an underground mine, the test device is placed in a vacuum box, and gases simulating different regions, different geological conditions, different mine depths, and different proportions are introduced into the vacuum box. The sealed vacuum box maintains a certain content and pressure to more realistically simulate the stress corrosion of anchor rods or anchor cables under the interaction of underground gas, groundwater solution, and other various stress environmental factors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A top view of a multi-stress state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A front view of a multi-stress state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A 45° oblique upper view of a multi-stress state anchor bolt and cable corrosion test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A 45° oblique downward view of the anchor rod and cable corrosion test device under multiple stress states provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Solution tank; 2. Heater and temperature sensor; 3. Temperature controller; 4. Torsion loading assembly; 5. Axial tension sensor; 6. Transverse shear loading assembly and stress sensor; 7. Lock; 8. Anchor rod; 9. Solution delivery pipe; 10. Solution dripper; 11. Waste liquid tank; 12. Steel pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0023] Most traditional anchor corrosion test devices only focus on a single chemical or physical effect, while ignoring the real mine environment with multiple coupled factors. Or the devices that study the entire anchor cable can only study a single anchor cable at the same time or apply a single stress to the anchor cable. If multiple groups of tests are to be compared, the processes of replacing specimens and solution configuration will cause unavoidable large errors in the test.

[0024] In order to avoid the problems of traditional anchor rod and cable corrosion testing devices, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-stress state anchor rod and cable corrosion testing device and method, which can change the number of control test groups according to test needs, add multiple groups of control tests, and simultaneously perform stress corrosion tests on multiple anchor rods and cables under single stress or multi-stress combination conditions, so that the test conditions are closer to the actual complex geological conditions of underground coal mines and the complex stress conditions and service environment of anchor rods and cables, which can reduce test errors, improve test efficiency, make experimental data more credible, and thus obtain more accurate conclusions. Embodiment 1:

[0025] In some embodiments, the present invention provides a multi-stress state anchor bolt and cable corrosion test device comprising: a base and at least one extending rod fixed to the base, and also comprising a solution delivery pipe, a solution dripper, a waste liquid tank, an axial tension sensor, a torsion loading assembly, a lateral shear loading assembly and a stress sensor. One or more; This embodiment provides a comparative test of four groups of anchor rods, see Figures 1 to 4 The test device includes: a base and four extending rods; a solution pool 1, a heater and a temperature sensor 2, a temperature controller 3, a torque loading component 4, an axial tension sensor 5, a lateral shear loading component and a stress sensor 6, a lock 7, an anchor rod 8, a solution delivery pipe 9, a solution dripper 10, a waste liquid pool 11, and a steel pad 12; In some embodiments, the base is fixedly connected to the extension rod to fix the extension rod and support the extension rod and other components mounted thereon; each extension rod supports and is fixedly connected to one or more of the solution delivery pipe, solution dripper, waste liquid tank, lock, axial tension sensor, torsion loading assembly, lateral shear loading assembly and stress sensor; In this embodiment, the solution pool is placed on the base of the test device and supported by the base. Four extension rods are fixed on the base. A solution delivery pipe 9, a solution dripper 10, and a waste liquid pool 11 are fixed on each extension rod. The solution dripper 10 is fixed on the extension rod and positioned above the anchor rod. The waste liquid pool 11 is fixed on the extension rod and positioned below the solution dripper 10. Figure 1 The anchor rod 8 on the left side of the middle is used as a blank control test, and no axial tension, lateral shear force and torsion are applied; Figure 1 Add an external axial tensile loading device below, and Figure 1 The anchor rod 8 below is fixed. Figure 1 The anchor rod 8 below applies axial tension through an additional axial tension applying machine; the transverse shear loading assembly and the stress sensor 6 are fixed on Figure 1 On the right side of the waste liquid pool 11, the transverse shear loading assembly extends in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the anchor rod, and Figure 1 The anchor rod 8 on the right is connected to Figure 1The anchor rod 8 on the right side applies lateral shear force; the torsion loading assembly 4 is installed on Figure 1 The anchor rod 8 on the upper side is at a suitable position between the locks on both sides, and Figure 1 The anchor rod 8 above is fixed. Figure 1 The upper anchor rod 8 is applied with torque by placing a weight in the torque loading assembly 4; the external sensor data receiving device receives and processes the data of the axial tension sensor and the stress sensor in real time, and the torque, i.e., the torque, is calculated by measuring the force and the moment; the torque loading assembly 4 is made of high-strength steel and does not undergo significant shape changes when subjected to a large external force. Torque is applied to the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen by placing a weight in the torque loading assembly 4; the lateral shear loading assembly and the stress sensor 6 apply lateral shear force to the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen, and monitor the changes in lateral shear force in real time.

[0026] In other embodiments, if the control test does not require the application of force to the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen, it is not necessary to install a transverse shear force loading device and a stress sensor on the extension rod or the waste liquid pool 11; In some embodiments, the lock has different sizes. When connecting with different types of anchor rods or anchor cable specimens, the anchor rods or anchor cable specimens do not need to be processed. The anchor rods or anchor cable specimens can be fixed by replacing the lock with a lock having a matching structure corresponding to the anchor rods or anchor cable specimens. The test device has a plurality of the locks. One or more of the locks can be used to simultaneously fix one or more anchor rods or anchor cable specimens according to test requirements. In this embodiment, each anchor rod is fixed on both sides with a lock 7, and the lock 7 has a similar structure and different sizes. When connecting it with different types of anchor rods or anchor cable specimens, a lock of corresponding size is selected to connect the lock with the corresponding type of matching anchor rods or anchor cable specimens. The anchor rods can be directly installed and connected without processing them, and the anchor rods can be fixed so that they do not fall out during the test. The lock can be connected with different types of anchor rods or anchor cable specimens according to the needs of the test, thereby improving the versatility of the test device. At the same time, there are multiple locks in the test device to fix multiple anchor rods or anchor cable specimens at the same time. Testing of multiple anchor rods or anchor cable specimens at the same time effectively increases multiple groups of control tests in one test, thereby reducing the errors caused by replacing specimens and solution configuration, and effectively improving the test efficiency.

[0027] In this embodiment, the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen is a long cylindrical steel material. When testing different types of anchor rod or anchor cable specimens, it is not necessary to process the anchor rod or anchor cable specimens. The corresponding type of matching lock and the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen are used for fixed connection.

[0028] In some embodiments, the test device further comprises a solution pool, the solution pool and the solution delivery tube are made of transparent organic glass, and the solution pool is placed on the base; The test device described in this embodiment includes a solution pool 1; the solution pool 1 is made of transparent organic glass and is used to observe the remaining solution in the solution pool. When the remaining solution in the solution pool is insufficient, the solution is replenished in time; the solution delivery pipe 9 is made of transparent organic glass and is used to observe the solution delivery process and the liquid flow in the solution delivery pipe 9. Impurities in the pipe can be observed, which is convenient for adjusting the solution flow or handling the situation in the solution delivery pipe 9 as needed; In some embodiments, an opening is provided below the side or bottom edge of the solution pool and the opening is connected to the solution delivery pipe; the solution delivery pipe delivers the solution in the solution pool to the solution dripper through the opening; The solution pool 1 of this embodiment has an opening at a suitable position below the side or bottom edge, so that all the solution in the solution pool can flow out. One end of the solution delivery pipe 9 is connected to the opening, and the other end of the solution delivery pipe 9 is connected to the solution dripper 10 for delivering the solution to the solution dripper 10.

[0029] In some embodiments, the solution dripper is made of corrosion-resistant metal; the solution dripper is fixed above the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen, and each of the solution drippers has a separate flow control valve; The solution dripper 10 in the test device described in this embodiment is made of corrosion-resistant metal material, which can be in contact with the corrosive solution for a long time to avoid damage caused by the corrosive solution when simulating the corrosive service environment; the solution dripper 10 is fixed above the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen to make the solution drip on the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen; each of the solution drippers 10 has a separate flow control valve, which can not only adjust the solution flow rate, but also be used as a switch to completely close the outlet by adjusting the flow rate to 0, thereby controlling the flow rate of the solution in the solution delivery pipe 9 and The dripping speed of the solution after it flows out from the solution dripper 10; before pouring the solution into the solution pool, the flow control valve of the solution dripper 10 is in a closed state to prevent the solution from flowing to the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen before the temperature reaches the test conditions; when the solution temperature reaches the temperature required by the test conditions, the flow control valve of the solution dripper 10 is opened, and the solution flow rate is adjusted before the solution reaches the solution dripper 10 according to the flow conditions that can be seen in the solution delivery pipe 9. When the solution reaches the solution dripper 10, the solution begins to drip on the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen, and then a fine solution flow adjustment is performed.

[0030] In some embodiments, the waste liquid pool is made of corrosion-resistant metal material, fixed on the extension rod, and located directly below the solution dripper; holes are provided on both sides of the waste liquid pool for passing anchor rods or anchor cable specimens through the holes on both sides of the waste liquid pool; a valve is installed at the bottom of the waste liquid pool, and the valve at the bottom of the waste liquid pool is used to discharge waste liquid; The waste liquid pool 11 in the test device described in this embodiment is made of corrosion-resistant metal material, which can receive solution dripping, collect and store corrosive waste liquid for a long time without being corroded and damaged; the waste liquid pool 11 is fixed on the protruding rod, and is located directly below the solution dripper 10; there are holes on both sides of the waste liquid pool 11, which are used to pass the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen through the holes on both sides of the waste liquid pool 11, and fix the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen above the waste liquid pool 11; when the solution drips from the solution dripper 10 on the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen, it becomes corrosive waste liquid, and then flows from the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen to the waste liquid pool 11 for temporary storage; when the waste liquid pool 11 is full of waste liquid or after the test is completed, the valve at the bottom of the waste liquid pool 11 is opened to discharge the waste liquid in each waste liquid pool 11, and collect and treat the waste liquid.

[0031] In some embodiments, the test device further comprises a heater, a temperature sensor, and a temperature controller; the heater and the temperature sensor are fixed inside the solution pool and are evenly distributed; the temperature controller controls the heater to heat the solution according to the solution temperature detected by the temperature sensor; The test device in this embodiment includes a heater, a temperature sensor, and a temperature controller; the heater and the temperature sensor are fixed inside the solution pool and are evenly distributed, the temperature sensor detects the temperature of the solution, and when the temperature sensor detects that the solution temperature is lower than the set temperature, the temperature controller controls the heater to heat the solution, and when the solution reaches the set temperature, the temperature controller controls the heater to stop heating, so that the solution temperature is maintained at the set temperature for a long time; when there is only one heater and temperature sensor, such as Figure 1 As shown, it is fixedly installed at the center bottom of the solution pool; when there are multiple heaters and temperature sensors, when the solution is poured into the solution pool, the heaters and temperature sensors can be contacted, which is convenient for the temperature controller to obtain the temperature data of the solution through the temperature sensor and heat the solution through the heater; the heaters and temperature sensors are evenly distributed in the solution pool to improve the accuracy of temperature detection and the uniformity of heated solution; when the solution heating speed needs to be accelerated, the improvement scheme for the heaters and temperature sensors is as follows: the first improvement scheme: replace the heater with a higher power one; the second improvement scheme: increase the number of heaters and temperature sensors, and the heaters and temperature sensors are evenly distributed and installed in the solution pool so that the solution can be heated evenly.

[0032] In some embodiments, the test apparatus further comprises a vacuum box having a gas inlet and an exhaust port.

[0033] In this embodiment, the test device also includes a vacuum box, which is large enough to accommodate the entire test device. The vacuum box has a gas inlet and a gas outlet. After completing the adjustment of the flow control of the solution dripper 10, according to the test needs, the entire test device is placed in the vacuum box, the vacuum box is sealed, and gases of different proportions and contents are introduced into the vacuum box and the gas in the original space is discharged, so that the vacuum box reaches the gas proportion, content and pressure required for the test, thereby realizing the simulation of the gas proportion, content and pressure in the service environment.

[0034] In some embodiments, the test device further comprises an external axial tension applying machine; the external axial tension applying machine has a through hole and a fixing device, and the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen passes through the through hole on the external axial tension applying machine and is fixed on the machine; In this embodiment, the test device further comprises an external axial tension applying machine, wherein the external axial tension applying machine has a through hole and a fixing device; the anchor rod specimen passes through the through hole on the external axial tension applying machine and is fixed on the machine; the external axial tension applying machine applies a force to the anchor rod. Figure 1 The lower anchor rod 8 is subjected to axial tension by an additional axial tension applying machine.

[0035] In other embodiments, the external axial tension applying machine applies axial tension to the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen alone or cooperates with the torsion loading assembly 4 and the lateral shear loading assembly to apply two or more combined forces of axial tension, torsion, and lateral shear to the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen at the same time, so as to achieve a more realistic simulation of the service stress conditions of the anchor rod or anchor cable; when adding multiple anchor rods or anchor cable specimens as required for the control test, the external axial tension applying machine is selectively added according to the different stress conditions required for the anchor rod or anchor cable specimens. The external axial tension applying machine is an additional machine that is determined whether to be added according to the test needs and is not fixedly installed in the test device.

[0036] In some embodiments, the test device further includes a steel plate; according to experimental requirements, the steel plate is fixed on both sides of the axial tension sensor, and then the axial tension sensor and the steel plate are fixed together on both sides of the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen, and the steel plate is used to fix the axial tension sensor and protect the axial tension sensor from being damaged during the stress loading process; In this embodiment, the test device includes a steel pad; the steel pad is a treated corrosion-resistant steel. According to the test requirements, after the anchor rod is passed through the holes on both sides of the waste liquid pool 11, a steel pad is placed on each side of the axial tension sensor, and then the axial tension sensor and the steel pad are fixed together on both sides of the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen. The steel pad is used to fix the axial tension sensor and protect the axial tension between the two steel pads from being destroyed during the stress loading process; the axial tension sensor is used to monitor the changes in the axial tension of the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen.

[0037] In other embodiments, when there is no need to apply axial tension to the anchor rod or anchor cable, the axial tension sensor may not be installed on both sides of the anchor rod or anchor cable. In this case, the anchor rod or anchor cable is passed through the holes on both sides of the waste liquid pool 11, steel pads are installed on both sides of the anchor rod or anchor cable, and then locks are fixed on both sides of the anchor rod or anchor cable. Embodiment 2:

[0038] In the embodiment of the present invention, a multi-stress state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device is placed in an environment with specific gas content and pressure for testing. The test method includes the following operating steps: S10, before the test begins, placing the multi-stress state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device as a whole into the vacuum box; It should be noted that when it is not necessary to place a multi-stress state anchor rod and cable corrosion test device in an environment with specific gas content and pressure for testing, step S10 can be omitted.

[0039] S20, fixing the solution delivery pipe and the solution dripper on the extension rod; In this step, the solution delivery pipe 9 and the solution dripper 10 are fixed on the extending rod; the waste liquid pool 11 is fixed on the extending rod, and is located directly below the solution dripper 10 to ensure that the waste liquid dripping from the solution dripper 10 onto the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen can be collected in the waste liquid pool 11.

[0040] S30, fixing the waste liquid pool on the extension rod, at a position directly below the solution dripper; In this step, each anchor rod corresponds to a solution delivery pipe 9, a solution dripper 10 fixed just above the anchor rod, and a waste liquid pool 11 installed below the anchor rod; in this embodiment, the length of the solution dripper 10 is 1m, that is, the distance between the left and right ends of the dripper is 1m, and the distance between the holes on both sides of the waste liquid pool 11 is slightly longer than 1m, so that the waste liquid dripped by the drippers at both ends of the solution dripper 10 can be collected into the waste liquid pool 11; In other embodiment steps, if the test needs to use anchor rods or anchor cables of other sizes for the experiment, it is necessary to change the relevant dimensions of the solution delivery pipe 9, the solution dripper 10, and the waste liquid pool 11 accordingly to ensure that the solution in the solution pool reaches the fixed position of the anchor rod, and the waste liquid flowing down after the solution dripper 10 drips onto the anchor rod or anchor cable can be collected into the waste liquid pool 11.

[0041] S40, passing the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen through the holes on both sides of the waste liquid pool, fixing steel pads and axial tension sensors on both sides of the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen according to test requirements, and then fixing the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen on both sides with the locks; In this step, the anchor rod 8 is installed above the waste liquid pool 11, and the anchor rod 8 is passed through the holes on both sides of the waste liquid pool 11. A steel pad 12 is installed on both sides of each anchor rod 8, and then an axial tension sensor 5 is installed on both sides of each anchor rod 8. A steel pad 12 is installed on the outside of the axial tension sensor 5 on both sides of each anchor rod 8, and then a lock 7 that can correspond to the anchor rod 8 is installed on the outside of the steel pad 12 on both sides of each anchor rod; when each axial tension sensor 5 is installed, there is a steel pad 12 on each side, and the steel pads on both sides of the axial tension sensor 5 12 is used to fix the axial tension sensor 5 and to protect the axial tension sensor 5 from being damaged during the axial tension loading process; a lock 7 is installed on both sides of each anchor rod 8, which is used to fix the anchor rod and the steel pad 12 installed on the anchor rod and the axial tension sensor 5, so that the anchor rod 8 does not fall out during the test; when the lock 7 is fixed, it is pre-tightened toward the outer sides of the anchor rod through the holes in the waste liquid pool 11 and the obstruction of the steel pad 12, so that the anchor rod 8 is axially tightened with a certain axial pre-tightening force, and this part of the pre-tightening force is processed accordingly based on the detection data of the axial tension sensor 5.

[0042] S50, according to test requirements, connecting the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen to one or more of the external axial tension applying machine, the torsion loading assembly, the transverse shear loading assembly and the stress sensor; In this step, Figure 1 Add an external axial tensile loading device below, and Figure 1 The anchor rod below is fixed to fix the transverse shear loading assembly and stress sensor 6. Figure 1 On the right side of the waste liquid tank 11, and Figure 1 The anchor rod 8 on the right is fixed, and the torsion loading assembly 4 is installed on Figure 1 The upper anchor rod is located at a suitable position between the two side locks, and Figure 1 The upper anchor rod 8 is fixed.

[0043] S60, after fixing the above device, applying at least one of axial tension, torsion, and transverse shear force to the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen according to test requirements; In this step, after fixing the above device, Figure 1 The anchor rod 8 on the left side of the test is used as a blank control test, and no axial tension, lateral shear force and torsion are applied; Figure 1 The anchor rod 8 below is subjected to axial tension by an additional axial tension applying machine; the transverse shear loading component extends in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the anchor rod, and Figure 1 The anchor rod 8 on the right is connected to Figure 1 The anchor rod 8 on the right side applies a lateral shear force; Figure 1 The upper anchor rod 8 applies torque by placing a weight in the torque loading assembly 4; the external sensor data receiving device receives and processes the data of the axial tension sensor and the stress sensor in real time, and the torque, i.e., the moment, is calculated by measuring the force and moment.

[0044] S70, after the force is applied, pour the prepared solution into the solution pool; use a temperature controller to control the solution temperature according to the test requirements, so that the solution temperature is maintained at the set temperature for a long time; In this step, after the force is applied, the prepared solution is poured into the solution pool 1; After pouring the prepared solution into the solution pool 1, the temperature controller 3 is used to cooperate with the temperature sensor to obtain the temperature of the solution in real time, and the heater is controlled to regulate the temperature of the solution so that the solution temperature is maintained at the set temperature for a long time, thereby simulating various parameters of the groundwater solution.

[0045] In other embodiment steps, the solution is configured according to the test needs, and substances with different chemical compositions, different ion concentrations, different pH values, corrosiveness, and different microbial species are added to the solution to configure it into various groundwater simulation solutions.

[0046] S80, waiting for the solution temperature to reach the set temperature, opening the solution dripper flow control valve, observing the solution flow rate through the transparent organic glass solution pipeline, and adjusting the solution flow rate by adjusting the solution dripper flow control valve; In this step, wait for the solution temperature to reach the set temperature, open the flow control valve of the solution dripper 10, and allow the solution to start flowing through the solution delivery pipe 9 to reach the solution dripper 10; when the solution starts to flow in the solution delivery pipe 9 and has not yet reached the solution dripper 10, adjust the flow control valve of the solution dripper 10 to control the flow rate of the solution in the solution delivery pipe 9 according to the flow rate of the solution observed from the transparent solution delivery pipe 9, and when the solution reaches the solution dripper 10 and starts dripping, if the solution dripping speed does not meet the test requirements, fine-tune the flow control valve of the solution dripper 10 until the solution dripping speed meets the test requirements, simulating the state of mine water dripping of the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen in the service environment.

[0047] S90, the solution is dripped on the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen to simulate the state of mine water dripping in the anchor rod and anchor cable service environment. After the solution is dripped on the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen, the waste liquid will flow into the waste liquid pool below the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen for temporary storage.

[0048] S100, after adjusting the solution flow rate of the solution dripper, the vacuum box is sealed, gases of different proportions and contents are introduced from the gas inlet of the vacuum box, and the gas in the original space is discharged from the gas outlet until the vacuum box reaches the conditions required for the test, so as to simulate the gas proportion, content and pressure in the service environment; In this step, after adjusting the solution flow rate of the solution dripper 10, the vacuum box is sealed, and gases of different proportions and contents simulating different regions and different mine depths are introduced from the gas inlet of the vacuum box, and the gas in the original space is discharged from the gas outlet until the vacuum box reaches the conditions required for the test, and the gas outlet of the vacuum box is closed and kept sealed to increase the pressure in the vacuum box. When the vacuum box reaches the pressure required for the test, stop introducing gas, seal the vacuum box air inlet, and simulate the gas proportion, content and pressure conditions in the service environment in the vacuum box; It should be noted that when it is not necessary to place a multi-stress state anchor rod and cable corrosion test device in an environment with specific gas content and pressure for testing, step S100 can be omitted.

[0049] S110, after waiting for the solution to drip on the anchor rod for a certain test time, stop the test, open the vacuum box, close the solution dripper, and measure and calculate various data of the anchor rod to obtain data; It should be noted that when it is not necessary to place a multi-stress state anchor rod and cable corrosion test device in an environment with specific gas content and pressure for testing, the part of opening the vacuum box in step S110 can be omitted.

[0050] S120, after the test is completed, open the valve at the bottom of the waste liquid pool to collect and process the waste liquid; In this step, after the test is finished, the valve at the bottom of the waste liquid pool 11 is opened to collect and process the waste liquid in the waste liquid pool 11 in a unified manner.

[0051] In other embodiments and steps, if the required test time is long, other waste liquid pools 11 can be selected as an improvement to the device, the sum of the volumes of which is greater than or equal to the volume of the solution in the solution pool but does not affect the fixed installation of other components. Embodiment three:

[0052] In some embodiments, when the number of control test groups required for the test needs to be changed, as an improved method, when multiple groups of anchor rod or anchor cable specimens are changed for control tests according to the test needs, the extension rod, the solution delivery pipe, the solution dripper, the waste liquid pool, and the lock are correspondingly increased or decreased; according to the different stress conditions required for the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen, one or more of the axial tension sensor, the torsion loading assembly, the lateral shear loading assembly and the stress sensor, and the external axial tension applying machine are correspondingly increased or decreased, and the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen is connected to the increased structure; In this embodiment, when it is necessary to add multiple groups of anchor rods or anchor cable specimens for control tests, hardware connectors are used to fix the added extension rods at appropriate positions on the base, or the extension rods connected with hardware connectors and various components thereon are removed. In addition, in the above embodiments, the solution delivery pipe 9 and the solution dripper 10 are fixed, the waste liquid tank 11 and the lateral shear loading component are fixed, and the torsion loading component 4 and the anchor rod 8 are fixed, including but not limited to the above-mentioned components that can be increased or decreased in number. When there is a fixed connection relationship, hardware connectors are used for fixing, which is convenient for adding or reducing one or more of the extension rods, solution delivery pipes 9, solution drippers 10, waste liquid tanks 11, locks 7, torsion loading components 4, and lateral shear loading components to the device according to test needs; fixing the solution delivery pipe 9, solution drippers 10, and waste liquid tanks 11 on the extension rods does not affect the appropriate positions of other fixed components. According to the different stress conditions required by the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen, when it is necessary to add one or more of axial tension, torsion, and lateral shear force to the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen at the same time, components with corresponding functions are selectively added, and the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen is fixedly connected to the added structure to achieve stress application and monitoring of the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen; the other steps of conducting the test using the test device of this embodiment are the same as the steps of Example 2 and will not be repeated here.

Claims

1. A multi-stress state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device, characterized in that: include: A base and at least one extending rod fixed to the base, and further comprising one or more of a solution delivery pipe, a solution dripper, a waste liquid tank, a lock, an axial tension sensor, a torsion loading assembly, a lateral shear loading assembly and a stress sensor; The base is fixedly connected to the extension rod to fix the extension rod and support the extension rod and other components installed thereon; Each of the extending rods supports and one or more of the solution delivery pipe, solution dripper, waste liquid tank, axial tension sensor, torsion loading assembly, lateral shear loading assembly and stress sensor fixedly connected thereto; The locks have different sizes. When connecting with different types of anchor rods or anchor cable specimens, the locks are replaced with locks with corresponding matching structures with the anchor rods or anchor cable specimens to fix the anchor rods or anchor cable specimens. The test device has multiple locks, and one or more locks are used to simultaneously fix one or more anchor rods or anchor cable specimens according to test requirements.

2. The multi-stress state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a solution pool, the solution pool and the solution delivery pipe are both made of transparent organic glass, and the solution pool is placed on the base.

3. The multi-stress state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An opening is formed below the side or bottom edge of the solution pool and the opening is connected to the solution delivery pipe; the solution delivery pipe delivers the solution in the solution pool to the solution dripper through the opening.

4. The multi-stress state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solution dripper is made of corrosion-resistant metal material; the solution dripper is fixed above the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen, and each of the solution drippers has a separate flow control valve.

5. The multi-stress state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste liquid pool is made of corrosion-resistant metal material, fixed on the extension rod, and located directly below the solution dripper; there are holes on both sides of the waste liquid pool for passing anchor rods or anchor cable specimens through the holes on both sides of the waste liquid pool; a valve is installed at the bottom of the waste liquid pool, and the valve at the bottom of the waste liquid pool is used to discharge waste liquid.

6. The multi-stress state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a heater, a temperature sensor, and a temperature controller; the heater and the temperature sensor are fixed inside the solution pool and are evenly distributed; the temperature controller controls the heater to heat the solution according to the solution temperature detected by the temperature sensor.

7. The multi-stress state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a vacuum box having a gas inlet and an exhaust port.

8. The multi-stress state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test device also includes an external axial tension applying machine; the external axial tension applying machine has a through hole and a fixing device, and the anchor rod or anchor cable test piece passes through the through hole on the external axial tension applying machine and is fixed on the machine.

9. The multi-stress state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test device also includes a steel plate; according to experimental requirements, the steel plate is fixed on both sides of the axial tension sensor, and then the axial tension sensor and the steel plate are fixed together on both sides of the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen. The steel plate is used to fix the axial tension sensor and protect the axial tension sensor from being damaged during the stress loading process.

10. A method for testing the corrosion of anchor rods and cables under multiple stress conditions, characterized in that: Based on the multi-stress state anchor rod and anchor cable corrosion test device described in any one of claims 1 to 9, when multiple groups of anchor rod or anchor cable specimens are added for control test according to test needs, the extension rod, the solution delivery pipe, the solution dripper, the waste liquid pool, and the lock are added accordingly; according to the different stress conditions required for the anchor rod or anchor cable specimens, one or more of the axial tension sensor, the torsion loading assembly, the lateral shear loading assembly and the stress sensor, and the external axial tension applying machine are added accordingly, and the anchor rod or anchor cable specimens are connected to the added structure; And includes the following steps: Fixing the solution delivery pipe and the solution dripper on the extension rod; Fix the waste liquid pool on the extension rod, just below the solution dripper; Insert the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen through the holes on both sides of the waste liquid pool, fix the steel pads and axial tension sensors on both sides of the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen according to the test requirements, and then use the locks to fix the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen on both sides; According to the test requirements, the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen is fixedly connected to one or more of the external axial tension applying machine, the torsion loading assembly, the transverse shear loading assembly and the stress sensor; After the above device is fixed, at least one of axial tension, torsion and transverse shear force is applied to the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen according to the test requirements; After the force is applied, pour the prepared solution into the solution pool; Use a temperature controller to control the solution temperature according to test requirements, so that the solution temperature remains at the set temperature for a long time; Waiting for the solution temperature to reach the set temperature, opening the solution dripper flow control valve, observing the solution flow rate through the transparent organic glass solution pipeline, and adjusting the solution flow rate by adjusting the solution dripper flow control valve; The solution drips from the solution dripper onto the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen to simulate the dripping state in the anchor rod or anchor cable service environment, and the test waste liquid dripped on the anchor rod or anchor cable specimen flows to the waste liquid pool below for temporary storage; After the solution drips on the anchor rod for a certain test time, the test is stopped, the vacuum box is opened, the solution dripper is closed, and various data of the anchor rod are measured and calculated to obtain data; After the test, the valve at the bottom of the waste liquid pool is opened to collect and treat the waste liquid.

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