Partitioned self-adaptive seismic multiple suppression method, system, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of petroleum seismic exploration, and relates to a partition self-adaptive seismic multiple suppression method, system and device and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring an earthquake shot gather data body; and partitioning the seismic shot gather data body, and determining multiple feature ranges of different partitions of the seismic shot gather data body and corresponding optimal denoising parameters. And performing denoising on the seismic shot gather data volume in combination with the corresponding optimal denoising parameters in the multiple feature ranges of different partitions until a denoised data volume meeting quality control requirements is obtained, and determining the denoising parameters of the optimized suppressed multiples of different regions by analyzing multiple features in the seismic data in different regions, so that the quality control requirements of the seismic data are met. And regional iteration quality control de-noising is carried out, so that the de-noising purpose of more fidelity and amplitude preservation is realized. And re-arranging the de-noised data bodies, meeting the quality control requirements, of the partitions into a shot gather data body. The method does not depend on a speed model, damage to effective signals can be eliminated as much as possible through iterative quality control, and the denoising purpose of more fidelity and amplitude preservation is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of petroleum seismic exploration and relates to a partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method, system, equipment and medium. Background Art

[0002] The success of multiple wave suppression in seismic data depends mainly on the accuracy of multiple wave prediction, especially the frequency, velocity and other characteristics of interlayer multiple waves and primary waves are difficult to distinguish at close offset and energy. On the seismic profile, it will cause poor imaging or even misleading effects on special geological bodies such as basement and section. Therefore, how to effectively distinguish multiple waves from primary waves is of great significance to subsequent reservoir prediction and lithology interpretation.

[0003] At present, conventional multiple wave suppression methods are mainly divided into two categories: model-driven and data-driven;

[0004] The model-driven method mainly uses the period of the multiple waves themselves and the separability of the multiple waves from the primary wave in different transform domains to attenuate the multiple waves. This method is easy to implement and has a small amount of calculation, but it requires a velocity model with sufficient accuracy, otherwise it is difficult to distinguish the range of the multiple waves from the effective waves.

[0005] Data-driven methods are mainly based on the prediction of multiple waves based on the wave equation. Based on the wave theory that describes the propagation process of seismic waves, multiple waves are predicted through the model, and the multiple waves are attenuated from the data using the adaptive subtraction method. Compared with the previous method, the advantage of the model-driven method is that it is less dependent on the limitations of the velocity model, but this method still has problems such as easy damage to effective signals. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method, system, equipment and medium. The present invention does not rely on the velocity model, and can eliminate the damage to the effective signal as much as possible through iterative quality control, so as to achieve the ultimate goal of amplitude-preserving suppression of inter-layer multiple wave interference and realize the purpose of denoising with more fidelity and amplitude preservation.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a partition-adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Obtain seismic shot gather data volume;

[0010] Partition the seismic shot data volume, determine the multiple wave characteristic ranges and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot data volume;

[0011] De-noising the seismic shot gather data volume in the range of multiple wave characteristics of different partitions combined with the corresponding optimal de-noising parameters until the de-noised data volume that meets the quality control requirements is obtained;

[0012] The denoised data volumes that meet the quality control requirements of each partition are rearranged into shot gather data volumes.

[0013] In a second aspect, according to the method of the present invention, a partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression system is proposed, comprising: a data acquisition module, a partitioning module, a denoising module and a synthesis module;

[0014] Data acquisition module: used to obtain seismic shot gather data volume;

[0015] Partitioning module: used to partition the seismic shot gather data volume, determine the multiple wave characteristic range and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot gather data volume;

[0016] Denoising module: used to denoise the seismic shot gather data volume in the range of multiple wave characteristics of different partitions in combination with the corresponding optimal denoising parameters to obtain the denoised data volume that meets the requirements;

[0017] Synthesis module: used to rearrange the denoised data volumes that meet the requirements of each partition into a shot collection data volume.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor; a memory for storing computer program instructions; and a method for implementing the steps of a partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method when executing the computer program.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a storage medium storing computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed by a processor, the processor executes a partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The method of the present invention obtains a seismic shot data body; partitions the seismic shot data body, determines the multiple wave characteristic ranges and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot data body, and is used to achieve partition-adaptive multiple wave suppression for complex areas of various surface types. The seismic shot data body is denoised within the multiple wave characteristic ranges of different partitions in combination with the corresponding optimal denoising parameters until a denoised data body that meets the quality control requirements is obtained, and the multiple wave characteristics in the seismic data are analyzed by region, and the denoising parameters for optimizing the suppression of multiple waves in different regions are determined, and the denoising is iteratively performed by region to achieve a more fidelity-preserving denoising purpose. The denoised data bodies that meet the quality control requirements of each partition are rearranged into a shot data body. The present invention does not rely on a velocity model, and can eliminate damage to effective signals as much as possible through iterative quality control, so as to achieve the ultimate purpose of amplitude-preserving suppression of multiple wave interference between layers, and achieve a more fidelity-preserving denoising purpose.

[0022] The system of the present invention includes: a data acquisition module, a partitioning module, a denoising module and a synthesis module. The data acquisition module is used to acquire a seismic shot data body. The partitioning module is used to partition the seismic shot data body, determine the multiple wave characteristic ranges and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot data body. The denoising module is used to denoise the seismic shot data body within the multiple wave characteristic ranges of different partitions in combination with the corresponding optimal denoising parameters, and obtain a denoised data body that meets the requirements. The synthesis module is used to rearrange the denoised data bodies that meet the requirements of each partition into a shot data body. The modules cooperate with each other, and through iterative quality control, the damage to the effective signal is eliminated as much as possible, so as to achieve the ultimate purpose of amplitude-preserving suppression of multiple wave interference between layers, and realize the purpose of denoising with more fidelity and amplitude preservation.

[0023] The electronic device and storage medium of the present invention are also independent of the velocity model, and can eliminate damage to effective signals as much as possible through iterative quality control, thereby achieving the ultimate goal of amplitude-preserving suppression of multiple wave interference between layers and realizing the purpose of denoising with higher fidelity and amplitude preservation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2a Schematic diagram of free surface multiple wave prediction;

[0026] Figure 2b This is the principle diagram for predicting interlayer multiple waves;

[0027] Figure 3a It is the pre-stack trace collection diagram;

[0028] Figure 3b This is the result diagram of conventional multiple wave suppression;

[0029] Figure 3cThis is a diagram of the multiple wave suppression results of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4a The gathers and velocity spectra before multiple wave suppression of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4b The gathers and velocity spectra after multiple wave suppression of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5a The gathers and velocity spectra before multiple wave suppression of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5b The gathers and velocity spectra after multiple wave suppression of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6a This is a superimposed cross-sectional view of the present invention before multiple wave suppression;

[0035] Figure 6b This is a superimposed cross-sectional diagram after multiple wave suppression of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 It is a system module diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0039] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0040] See also Figure 1The present invention discloses a partition-adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1. Obtain seismic shot gather data volume;

[0042] Seismic shot gather data require all energy consistency compensation.

[0043] Energy consistency compensation includes surface consistency compensation and energy balance.

[0044] S2. partitioning the seismic shot gather data volume, determining the multiple wave characteristic ranges and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot gather data volume;

[0045] The partitioning of seismic shot gather data is as follows:

[0046] The seismic shot gather data volume is partitioned according to the surface characteristics.

[0047] S3. De-noise the seismic shot gather data volume in the multiple wave characteristic range of different partitions by combining the corresponding optimal de-noising parameters until a de-noised data volume that meets the quality control requirements is obtained;

[0048] The specific process until the denoised data volume that meets the quality control requirements is obtained is as follows:

[0049] After denoising the seismic shot gather data volume, a denoised data volume quality control data volume is obtained. Effective signal analysis needs to be performed on the quality control data volume until there is no effective signal in the denoised quality control data volume, and a denoised data volume that meets the requirements is obtained.

[0050] The quality control data volume needs to be analyzed for effective signals. If effective signals exist, the optimal denoising parameters need to be re-determined and the seismic shot gather data volume needs to be denoised.

[0051] The quality control data body includes the shot gathering data before and after denoising and with noise, and the superimposed profile data before and after denoising and with noise.

[0052] S4. Rearrange the denoised data volumes that meet the quality control requirements of each partition into a shot gather data volume.

[0053] See also Figure 1In another feasible embodiment of the present invention, the following is adaptively modified according to the situation. Obtain a seismic shot data body; partition the seismic shot data body, determine the multiple wave feature ranges and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot data body, and use them to achieve partition-adaptive multiple wave suppression for complex areas of various surface types. De-noise the seismic shot data body in the multiple wave feature ranges of different partitions in combination with the corresponding optimal denoising parameters until a denoised data body that meets the quality control requirements is obtained, and the multiple wave features in the seismic data are analyzed by region, and the denoising parameters for optimizing the suppression of multiple waves in different regions are determined, and the denoising is iteratively performed by region to achieve a more fidelity-preserving denoising purpose. The denoised data bodies that meet the quality control requirements of each partition are rearranged into a shot data body. The present invention does not rely on the velocity model, and can eliminate the damage to the effective signal as much as possible through iterative quality control. It can effectively improve the imaging signal-to-noise ratio quality of the seismic profile in the onshore multiple wave development area, and can also achieve the purpose of fidelity-preserving denoising, achieve the ultimate purpose of amplitude-preserving suppression of multiple wave interference between layers, and achieve a more fidelity-preserving denoising purpose.

[0054] Embodiment 1:

[0055] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a flowchart of an embodiment of the method for adaptively suppressing seismic multiple waves by partitioning.

[0056] In step 1, first input the seismic shot data volume before multiple wave suppression. In step 1, in order to reduce the risk of damaging effective signals in the subsequent denoising process caused by energy inconsistency, it is necessary to perform all energy consistency compensation on the seismic shot data volume before denoising, including surface consistency compensation and energy balance. The process enters step 2.

[0057] In step 2, based on the energy-compensated seismic shot data volume, by analyzing and determining the characteristic range of multiple wave development of different source shot data in different regions, targeted optimization of multiple wave suppression is carried out within the characteristic range, which can not only save machine time costs, but also more efficiently achieve denoising with fidelity and amplitude preservation, as shown in Figure 2. The process enters step 3.

[0058] In step 3, the corresponding optimal denoising parameters are determined for different regions and denoising is performed to obtain the corresponding denoised data volume and quality control data volume. The quality control data volume includes the shot data before and after denoising and the noise, and the superimposed profile data before and after denoising and the noise. The process enters step 4.

[0059] In step 4, the denoised quality control data volume is subjected to quality control analysis, with particular attention paid to the extraction of effective signals in the noisy single shot data and the noise stacked profile. If effective signals exist, the process returns to step 2, re-determines the optimal denoising parameters and denoises the seismic shot data volume, i.e., re-optimizes the denoising method until the requirement of no effective signals in the noise is met. The process proceeds to step 5.

[0060] In step 5, the denoised data volume is rearranged into shot gather data output.

[0061] For comparative analysis of the output gathers, velocity spectra and stacked profiles before and after multiple wave suppression, see Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c , Figure 4a , Figure 4b , Figure 5a , Figure 5b , Figure 6a and Figure 6b By comparison, it can be seen that, firstly, the multiple wave suppression method proposed this time focuses on the participating multiple waves that are difficult to eliminate by the conventional multiple wave removal method at near offset in the medium and deep layers, which will still affect the quality of the stacked section, but the multiple wave suppression method proposed this time can attenuate the multiple waves very well at near offset, which verifies the effectiveness of this method; secondly, from the perspective of typical gathers and velocity spectra in different areas of the work area, the multiple wave suppression method proposed in the present invention can eliminate the influence of the velocity group of the deep and low-speed multiple waves very well. Finally, it can be seen on the stacked section that the imaging illusion caused by the multiple waves in the typical deep layers is well eliminated by the multiple wave suppression method proposed in the present invention, which once again verifies the effectiveness and practicality of this method.

[0062] Embodiment 2:

[0063] The method proposed in this invention determines the different multiple wave characteristic ranges in different areas according to the complexity of the work area. According to Jakubowicz's theory, Figure 2a is the prediction process of free surface multiple waves, Figure 2b It is a schematic diagram of the prediction process of interlayer multiple waves. Compared with the prediction of free surface multiple waves, that is, decomposing the wave field SR into the convolution sum of two wave fields S'R and SR', the propagation process of interlayer multiple waves can be decomposed into three parts, that is, the effect of S'R' minus the combination of S'R and SR'.

[0064] The analog feedback iteration method is used to suppress the derivation of free surface multiple waves. Through the convolution of the full-wavelength reflection of the ground record containing the primary wave and the multiple waves and the primary wave, and then correlating with the corresponding primary wave, the predicted expression of the inter-layer multiple waves related to the Kth layer can be obtained, which will not be repeated here.

[0065] See also Figure 1 The specific implementation process of the present invention includes the following main steps:

[0066] S1. Input the seismic shot gather data volume before multiple wave suppression;

[0067] S2. Analyze the multiple wave characteristics of typical shot gathers in different areas and determine the range of multiple wave characteristics in different areas;

[0068] S3. Within the multiple wave characteristic range determined by the analysis in step 2, determine the corresponding optimal denoising parameters for the data volumes in different regions according to the multiple wave suppression method proposed this time and perform denoising to obtain the corresponding denoised data volumes and quality control data volumes;

[0069] Perform effective signal analysis in the current denoised quality control data body. If it is not satisfied, return to step 2 and re-determine and optimize the best denoising parameters until the denoised data body meets the signal-to-noise ratio requirements, and then proceed to the next step;

[0070] S4. Rearrange the denoised data volumes after multiple wave suppression in each area into a shot gather data volume for output.

[0071] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for partitioned adaptive suppression of seismic multiple waves suitable for complex areas with various surface types on land. The method provided by the present invention can effectively improve the imaging signal-to-noise ratio quality of seismic profiles in areas with developed multiple waves on land, while achieving the purpose of denoising with preserved fidelity and amplitude.

[0072] See also Figure 7 ,Based on the above method, the present invention proposes a partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression system, including: a data acquisition module, a partitioning module, a denoising module and a synthesis module;

[0073] Data acquisition module: used to obtain seismic shot gather data volume;

[0074] Partitioning module: used to partition the seismic shot gather data volume, determine the multiple wave characteristic range and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot gather data volume;

[0075] Denoising module: used to denoise the seismic shot gather data volume in the range of multiple wave characteristics of different partitions in combination with the corresponding optimal denoising parameters to obtain the denoised data volume that meets the requirements;

[0076] Synthesis module: used to rearrange the denoised data volumes that meet the requirements of each partition into a shot collection data volume.

[0077] See also Figure 7In another feasible embodiment of the present invention, the following is adaptively modified according to the situation. It includes: a data acquisition module, a partitioning module, a denoising module and a synthesis module. The data acquisition module is used to acquire the seismic shot data body. The partitioning module is used to partition the seismic shot data body, determine the multiple wave characteristic ranges and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot data body. The denoising module is used to denoise the seismic shot data body within the multiple wave characteristic ranges of different partitions in combination with the corresponding optimal denoising parameters to obtain a denoised data body that meets the requirements. The synthesis module is used to rearrange the denoised data bodies that meet the requirements of each partition into a shot data body. The various modules cooperate with each other, and through iterative quality control, the damage to the effective signal is eliminated as much as possible, so as to achieve the ultimate goal of amplitude-preserving suppression of multiple wave interference between layers, and realize the purpose of denoising with more fidelity and amplitude preservation.

[0078] An electronic device comprises: a processor; a memory for storing computer program instructions; and steps for implementing a partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method when executing the computer program.

[0079] A storage medium stores computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and run by a processor, the processor executes a partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method.

[0080] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0081] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0082] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0083] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A partition-based adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain seismic shot gather data volume; Partition the seismic shot data volume, determine the multiple wave characteristic ranges and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot data volume; De-noising the seismic shot gather data volume in the range of multiple wave characteristics of different partitions combined with the corresponding optimal de-noising parameters until the de-noised data volume that meets the quality control requirements is obtained; The denoised data volumes that meet the quality control requirements of each partition are rearranged into shot gather data volumes.

2. A method for adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression based on a partition as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The seismic shot gather data need to be fully energy consistent.

3. A zone-based adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The energy consistency compensation includes surface consistency compensation and energy balance.

4. A method for adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression based on a partition as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The partitioning of the seismic shot gather data volume is specifically as follows: The seismic shot gather data volume is partitioned according to the surface characteristics.

5. The method for adaptive seismic multiple suppression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the denoised data body that meets the quality control requirements is as follows: After denoising the seismic shot gather data volume, a denoised data volume quality control data volume is obtained. Effective signal analysis needs to be performed on the quality control data volume until there is no effective signal in the denoised quality control data volume, and a denoised data volume that meets the requirements is obtained.

6. A method for adaptive seismic multiple suppression based on a partition as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The quality control data volume needs to be analyzed for effective signals. If effective signals exist, it is necessary to re-determine the optimal denoising parameters and denoise the seismic shot gather data volume.

7. A method for adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression based on a partition as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The quality control data body includes shot gathering data before and after denoising and noise, and superimposed profile data before and after denoising and noise.

8. A zone-adaptive seismic multiple suppression system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module, partitioning module, denoising module and synthesis module; Data acquisition module: used to obtain seismic shot gather data volume; Partitioning module: used to partition the seismic shot gather data volume, determine the multiple wave characteristic range and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot gather data volume; Denoising module: used to denoise the seismic shot gather data volume in the range of multiple wave characteristics of different partitions in combination with the corresponding optimal denoising parameters to obtain the denoised data volume that meets the requirements; Synthesis module: used to rearrange the denoised data volumes that meet the requirements of each partition into a shot collection data volume.

9. An electronic device, comprising: A processor; a memory for storing computer program instructions; characterized in that it is used to implement the steps of the partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method as described in any one of claims 1-7 when executing the computer program.

10. A storage medium storing computer program instructions, characterized in that: When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed by a processor, the processor executes the partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images