Multifunctional nonvolatile programmable photon circuit

Abstract

The invention provides a multifunctional non-volatile programmable photon circuit, and relates to the technical field of photon integrated circuits, a non-volatile adjustable basic unit (NV-TBU) is designed and applied to a photon integrated circuit to form a programmable photon network, the NV-TBU is composed of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a phase change material Sb2Se3, and the phase change material Sb2Se3 is composed of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a phase change material Sb2Se3. By regulating and controlling the state of the phase-change material, the photon integrated circuit can realize various optical functions, such as delay, filtering and routing of optical signals, and is similar to a field programmable electronic processor (FPGA). Compared with a photonic circuit based on a programming regulation and control mode of a traditional thermo-optic effect and a plasma dispersion effect, the nonvolatile programmable photonic circuit provided by the invention has more advantages in allusion to the requirements of large scale, low insertion loss and low crosstalk, and also provides a new thought for future development of a photonic integrated circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of multifunctional nonvolatile programmable photonic circuits, and in particular to a multifunctional nonvolatile programmable photonic circuit. Background Art

[0002] Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) have become a relatively mature and powerful technology in recent years, and are widely used in optical communications, optical sensors, photonic neural networks, and quantum computing. However, most of the existing photonic integrated circuits are designed for specific functions, so they are called application-specific photonic integrated circuits (ASPICs). In contrast, a more flexible approach is to design a universal photonic circuit that can achieve different topologies and thus different optical signal processing functions by configuring the basic units, similar to a field programmable electronic processor (FPGA).

[0003] Traditional photonic circuit control methods mainly rely on thermo-optical effect and free carrier dispersion effect. Thermo-optical effect controls the propagation path of optical signals by changing the refractive index of the material. This method requires a large amount of power consumption to maintain the state, especially in application scenarios where frequent state switching is required, the energy consumption problem is particularly prominent. At the same time, the thermo-optical effect may also cause thermal crosstalk, affecting the performance of adjacent optical paths. The free carrier dispersion effect controls the propagation of optical signals by changing the carrier concentration in semiconductor materials. Although this method can achieve rapid control of optical signals to a certain extent, the change in carrier concentration will introduce additional losses, reduce the transmission efficiency of optical signals, and may also cause phase distortion of optical signals, thereby affecting the stability and accuracy of the optical path. Therefore, these two methods have significant limitations in achieving large-scale integration, low insertion loss and low crosstalk.

[0004] In addition, slight changes in the refractive index also limit the effectiveness of these two methods, which in turn affects the performance of the entire photonic integrated circuit. Existing studies have found that some phase change materials (PCMs) have a large refractive index contrast between the crystalline and amorphous states (Δn>1). Phase change materials not only perform well in optical phase modulation, but also, due to their non-volatility, can maintain their original configuration state after power failure or removal of external control signals. This feature not only improves the reliability and stability of photonic circuits, but also provides greater flexibility while reducing power consumption. Therefore, the present invention applies the non-volatility of phase change materials to photonic integrated circuits, aiming to solve the problems caused by the two programming and control methods of thermo-optical effect and free carrier effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional non-volatile programmable photonic circuit.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a multifunctional non-volatile programmable photonic circuit, comprising:

[0008] There are seven equilateral hexagonal units, wherein one equilateral hexagonal unit is arranged in the center, and the remaining six equilateral hexagonal units are arranged corresponding to the six sides of the equilateral hexagon in the center, a non-volatile programmable photonic circuit NV-TBU is arranged on the side of each equilateral hexagonal unit, and a total of thirty non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU are arranged. There are two connection modes for adjacent non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU, wherein the non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU arranged on the outer sides of the six outer equilateral hexagonal units parallel to the six sides of the central equilateral hexagonal unit are disconnected from the outer input terminals and output terminals of the two adjacent non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU, and the input terminals and output terminals of the remaining two adjacent non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU are connected through silicon waveguides.

[0009] Preferably, the non-volatile programmable photonic circuit NV-TBU is composed of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a phase change material Sb2Se3.

[0010] Preferably, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer includes two multimode interference couplers and upper and lower arm waveguides connecting them, and the phase change material Sb2Se3 is arranged on the upper and lower arm waveguides, wherein the phase change material Sb2Se3 on the lower arm waveguide is fixed to an amorphous state, and the phase change material Sb2Se3 on the upper arm waveguide is adjustable.

[0011] Preferably, the length of the phase change material Sb2Se3 and the length of the upper and lower arm waveguides are 24.8 μm, the thickness is 0.025 μm, and the width of the phase change material Sb2Se3 is 0.354 μm.

[0012] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0013] The present invention provides a multifunctional non-volatile programmable photonic circuit, comprising seven equilateral hexagonal units, wherein one equilateral hexagonal unit is arranged in the center, and the remaining six equilateral hexagonal units are arranged corresponding to the six sides of the equilateral hexagon located in the center, and a non-volatile programmable photonic circuit (NV-TBU) is arranged on the side of each equilateral hexagonal unit. A total of thirty non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU are arranged, and there are two connection modes for adjacent non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU, wherein the non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU arranged on the outer sides of the six outer equilateral hexagonal units parallel to the six sides of the central equilateral hexagonal unit are disconnected from the outer input ends and output ends of the two adjacent non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU, and the input ends and output ends of the remaining two adjacent non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU are connected through silicon waveguides. The present invention constructs a non-volatile tunable basic unit (NV-TBU) by placing phase change material Sb2Se3 on the upper and lower interference arms of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). The output of the NV-TBU is controlled by the state of the phase change material on the two arms, and has lower loss and crosstalk than the traditional control method based on thermo-optical effect and free carrier dispersion effect. The photonic integrated circuit constructed with this NV-TBU can achieve a larger scale and better flexibility, and due to the non-volatility of the phase change material, the configuration function of the original photonic integrated circuit can be maintained without external excitation, so the present invention also has the advantage of zero static power consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0015] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of non-volatile programmable photonic circuit NV-TBU.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a non-volatile programmable photonic circuit;

[0017] Figure 3a It is a schematic diagram of the first specific circuit configuration;

[0018] Figure 3b Schematic diagram of the light propagation path for the first configuration;

[0019] Figure 3c This is the simulation result diagram for the first configuration;

[0020] Figure 4a is a schematic diagram of a second specific circuit configuration;

[0021] Figure 4b A schematic diagram of the light propagation path for the second configuration;

[0022] Figure 4c This is the simulation result diagram of the second configuration;

[0023] Figure 5a I1 to O1, O3, O5, O7, O9, O 11 Schematic diagram of the propagation path;

[0024] Figure 5b I1 to O2, O4, O6, O8, O 10 , O 12 Schematic diagram of the propagation path;

[0025] Figure 5c It is the simulation result diagram from I1 to O1 and O7;

[0026] Figure 5d The simulation results of I1 to O2 and O7 are shown in Figure 2.

[0027] Figure 5e I1 to O3, O 10 Simulation results of

[0028] Figure 5f The simulation results of I1 to O4 and O7 are shown in Figure 2.

[0029] Figure 5g The simulation results of I1 to O5 and O8 are shown in Figure 2.

[0030] Figure 5h The simulation results of I1 to O6 and O7 are shown in Figure 2.

[0031] Figure 5i The simulation results of I1 to O7 and O9 are shown in Figure 2.

[0032] Figure 5j The simulation results of I1 to O8 and O3 are shown in Figure 2.

[0033] Figure 5k The simulation results of I1 to O9 and O4 are shown in Figure 2.

[0034] Figure 5l I1 to O 10 , O 11 Simulation results of

[0035] Figure 5m I1 to O 11 , O 12 The simulation result diagram of

[0036] Figure 5n I1 to O 12 , O 14 The simulation result diagram of .

[0037] Figure numerals: 1, first NV-TBU; 2, second NV-TBU; 3, third NV-TBU; 4, fourth NV-TBU; 5, fifth NV-TBU; 6, sixth NV-TBU; 7, seventh NV-TBU; 8, eighth NV-TBU; 9, ninth NV-TBU; 10, tenth NV-TBU; 11, eleventh NV-TBU; 12, twelfth NV-TBU; 13, thirteenth NV-TBU; 14, fourteenth NV-TBU; 15, fifteenth NV-TBU; 16, sixteenth NV-TBU U; 17, the seventeenth NV-TBU; 18, the eighteenth NV-TBU; 19, the nineteenth NV-TBU; 20, the twentieth NV-TBU; 21, the twenty-first NV-TBU; 22, the twenty-second NV-TBU; 23, the twenty-third NV-TBU; 24, the twenty-fourth NV-TBU; 25, the twenty-fifth NV-TBU; 26, the twenty-sixth NV-TBU; 27, the twenty-seventh NV-TBU; 28, the twenty-eighth NV-TBU; 29, the twenty-ninth NV-TBU; 30, the thirtieth NV-TBU. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional non-volatile programmable photonic circuit, applying the designed non-volatile tunable basic unit (NV-TBU) to the programmable photonic circuit to achieve flexible programmable control of optical signals while maintaining the non-volatility of the system.

[0040] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] The present invention provides a multifunctional non-volatile programmable photonic circuit, comprising:

[0042] Seven equilateral hexagonal units, wherein one equilateral hexagonal unit is arranged in the center, and the remaining six equilateral hexagonal units are arranged corresponding to the six sides of the equilateral hexagon in the center, a non-volatile programmable photonic circuit (NV-TBU) is arranged on the side of each equilateral hexagonal unit, and a total of thirty non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU are arranged, and there are two connection modes for adjacent non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU, wherein the non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU arranged on the outer sides of the six outer equilateral hexagonal units parallel to the six sides of the central equilateral hexagonal unit are disconnected from the outer input ends and output ends of the two adjacent non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU, and the input ends and output ends of the remaining two adjacent non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU are connected through silicon waveguides;

[0043] In simple terms, the connection method of the outer NV-TBU is different from that of the inner NV-TBU. The outer NV-TBU may have input and output ports that are not connected to the adjacent NV-TBU, while each input and output port of the inner NV-TBU will be connected to the adjacent NV-TBU. According to the non-volatile programmable photonic circuit composed of 7 hexagons, the scale of the circuit can be expanded to achieve more functions by combining multiple such structures.

[0044] For photonic circuits with a certain scale, laser pulses can be used to change the state of the phase-change material to achieve different output states of the NV-TBU, thereby achieving different optical functions;

[0045] The photonic circuit can realize a variety of optical functions, including but not limited to delay, filtering, routing and splitting of optical signals;

[0046] The photonic circuit can maintain its configuration and function unchanged without external excitation, achieving zero static power consumption.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the non-volatile programmable photonic circuit NV-TBU is composed of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) and a phase change material Sb2Se3. Since the overall occupied area of ​​the photonic circuit is large and the overall loss of the circuit mainly comes from a single NV-TBU, when designing the NV-TBU, it is necessary to reduce the occupied area and loss as much as possible;

[0048] The Mach-Zehnder interferometer includes two multimode interference couplers (MMI) and upper and lower arm waveguides connecting them. The phase change material Sb2Se3 is arranged on the upper and lower arm waveguides, wherein the phase change material Sb2Se3 on the lower arm waveguide is fixed to an amorphous state, and its optical properties are stable and not easy to change, thereby ensuring that one arm of the MZI has a constant phase delay. The phase change material Sb2Se3 on the upper arm waveguide is adjustable and can be quickly and reversibly converted from crystalline to amorphous by an external laser pulse. This conversion will cause the refractive index of the phase change material layer to change, thereby changing the phase of the optical signal in the upper arm waveguide. By precisely controlling the intensity and duration of the laser pulse, the state of the phase change material layer in the upper arm waveguide can be precisely controlled, thereby changing the output state of the NV-TBU. This control method is non-volatile, that is, when the laser pulse stops, the state of the phase change material layer will remain unchanged until the next laser pulse arrives.

[0049] The interference zone of the multimode interference coupler is designed to have an interference length of 20 μm and an interference width of 2.4 μm. The length of the phase change material Sb2Se3 and the length of the upper and lower arm waveguides are 24.8 μm, the thickness is 0.025 μm, and the width of the phase change material Sb2Se3 is 0.354 μm.

[0050] When a non-volatile programmable photonic circuit NV-TBU realizes a certain function, the output state of the application is generally divided into three states. The first is Figure 1 (c) is the through state, that is, when the input is 1 port input, the output is 1 port output, and the phase change material on the upper arm is in the crystalline state. Figure 1 (d) is the cross state, that is, when the input is port 1 input, the output is port 2 output. At this time, the phase change material on the upper arm is in an amorphous state. Figure 1 (e) The adjustable coupling state, that is, when the input is 1-port input, both output ports have optical signal outputs, and in a certain ratio, this ratio is determined by the state of the phase change material on the upper arm, at this time the phase change material is between the crystalline state and the amorphous state.

[0051] The present invention numbers thirty non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU, specifically as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the connection relationship is introduced in detail:

[0052] The two input ports of the first NV-TBU 1 are connected to the two output ports of the second NV-TBU 2, the two output ports of the first NV-TBU 1 are connected to the two input ports of the third NV-TBU 3, and an input port of the first NV-TBU 1 is defined as an input port of the entire circuit, and an output port of the first NV-TBU 1 is defined as two output ports of the entire circuit.

[0053] An input port of the second NV-TBU 2 is connected to an output port of the fourth NV-TBU 4, two input ports of the second NV-TBU 2 are connected to an input port of the seventh NV-TBU 7, and two output ports of the second NV-TBU 2 are defined as two input ports of the entire circuit. An output port of the third NV-TBU 3 is connected to an input port of the fifth NV-TBU 5, two output ports of the second NV-TBU 2 are connected to an input port of the eighth NV-TBU 8, and an input port of the third NV-TBU 3 is defined as two output ports of the entire circuit.

[0054] The two input ports of the fourth NV-TBU 4 are connected to the two output ports of the sixth NV-TBU 6, the two output ports of the fourth NV-TBU 4 are connected to the two input ports of the seventh NV-TBU 7, one input port of the fourth NV-TBU 4 is defined as the three input ports of the entire circuit, the two input ports of the fifth NV-TBU 5 are connected to the two input ports of the eighth NV-TBU 8, the two output ports of the fifth NV-TBU 5 are connected to the two input ports of the ninth NV-TBU 9, and the two output ports of the fifth NV-TBU 5 are defined as the three output ports of the entire circuit.

[0055] Two input ports of the sixth NV-TBU 6 are connected to an input port of the eleventh NV-TBU 11, a second output port of the sixth NV-TBU 6 is connected to two input ports of the fourth NV-TBU 4, one input port of the sixth NV-TBU 6 is defined as the fifth input port of the entire circuit, and one output port is defined as the fourth input port of the entire circuit, one output of the seventh NV-TBU 7 is connected to an input of the tenth NV-TBU 10, and two outputs are connected to an output of the twelfth NV-TBU 12, two output ports of the eighth NV-TBU 8 are connected to an output port of the tenth NV-TBU 10, and one output port is connected to an input of the thirteenth NV-TBU 13, two outputs of the ninth NV-TBU 9 are connected to an input of the fourteenth NV-TBU 14, one input of the ninth NV-TBU 9 is defined as the fourth output port of the entire circuit, and one output port is defined as the fifth output port of the entire circuit.

[0056] The two input ports of the tenth NV-TBU 10 are connected to the two output ports of the twelfth NV-TBU 12 , and the two output ports are connected to the two input ports of the thirteenth NV-TBU 13 .

[0057] An output of the eleventh NV-TBU 11 is connected to an input port of the fifteenth NV-TBU 15, and two outputs are connected to an input of the seventeenth NV-TBU 17. The two inputs of the eleventh NV-TBU 11 serve as the sixth input port of the entire circuit. An input of the twelfth NV-TBU is connected to an output of the fifteenth NV-TBU, and two inputs are connected to an input of the eighteenth NV-TBU 18. An output of the thirteenth NV-TBU 13 is connected to an input of the sixteenth NV-TBU 16, and two outputs are connected to an output of the nineteenth NV-TBU 19. An output of the fourteenth NV-TBU 14 is connected to an input of the twentieth NV-TBU 20, and two outputs are connected to an output of the sixteenth NV-TBU 16. An input of the fourteenth NV-TBU 14 serves as the sixth output port of the circuit.

[0058] Two inputs of the fifteenth NV-TBU 15 are connected to two outputs of the seventeenth NV-TBU 17, and two outputs are connected to two inputs of the eighteenth NV-TBU 18; one input of the sixteenth NV-TBU 16 is connected to two outputs of the nineteenth NV-TBU 19, and two outputs are connected to two inputs of the twentieth NV-TBU 20.

[0059] Two inputs of the seventeenth NV-TBU 17 are connected to two inputs of the twenty-second NV-TBU 22, and one input serves as the seventh input of the entire circuit; one output of the eighteenth NV-TBU 18 is connected to one input of the twenty-first NV-TBU 21, and two outputs are connected to two inputs of the twenty-third NV-TBU 23; one input of the nineteenth NV-TBU 19 is connected to two outputs of the twenty-first NV-TBU 21, and two inputs are connected to one input of the twenty-fourth NV-TBU 24; two outputs of the twentieth NV-TBU 20 are connected to one output of the twenty-fifth NV-TBU 25, and one output serves as the seventh output of the entire circuit.

[0060] An output of the twenty-second NV-TBU 22 is connected to an input of the twenty-sixth NV-TBU 26, the two inputs serve as the eighth input of the entire circuit, and the two outputs serve as the ninth input of the entire circuit. An input of the twenty-third NV-TBU 23 is connected to an output of the twenty-sixth NV-TBU 26, the two inputs are connected to an input of the twenty-eighth NV-TBU 28. Two outputs of the twenty-fourth NV-TBU 24 are connected to an output of the twenty-ninth NV-TBU 29, and one output is connected to an input of the twenty-seventh NV-TBU 27. An input of the twenty-fifth NV-TBU 25 is connected to an output of the twenty-seventh NV-TBU 27, the two inputs serve as the ninth output of the entire circuit, and the two outputs serve as the eighth output of the entire circuit.

[0061] Two outputs of the twenty-sixth NV-TBU 26 are connected to two inputs of the twenty-eighth NV-TBU 28, which serve as the second input of the entire circuit. One input of the twenty-seventh NV-TBU 27 is connected to the second output of the twenty-ninth NV-TBU 29, which serves as the tenth output of the entire circuit.

[0062] An output of the twenty-eighth NV-TBU 28 is connected to an input of the thirtieth NV-TBU 30, and the second output serves as the eleventh input of the entire circuit. A first input of the twenty-ninth NV-TBU 29 is connected to an output of the thirtieth NV-TBU 30, and the second input serves as the eleventh output of the entire circuit.

[0063] The second input of the thirtieth NV-TBU 30 serves as the twelfth input of the entire circuit, and the second output serves as the twelfth output of the entire circuit.

[0064] The states of the twenty-sixth NV-TBU 26 and the twenty-seventh NV-TBU 27 are programmed to the adjustable coupling state, the tenth NV-TBU 10, the twelfth NV-TBU 12, the thirteenth NV-TBU 13, the twenty-third NV-TBU 23, the twenty-fourth NV-TBU 24 and the thirtieth NV-TBU 30 are programmed to the pass-through state, the eighteenth NV-TBU 18, the nineteenth NV-TBU 19, the twenty-eighth NV-TBU 28, the twenty-ninth NV-TBU 29 and the twenty-fifth NV-TBU 25 are programmed to the cross state, and the tenth input port (I 10 ) as the configured input IN port, the eighth output port (O8) as the configured output OUT1 port, the tenth output port (O 10 ) as the configured output OUT2 port, and other NV-TBUs do not need to be controlled. At this time, the configuration of the entire circuit can form an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer (UMZI) to realize the function of an optical differentiator. Figure 3a-3c The specific circuit configuration, light propagation path and simulation result diagram are given. In the simulation results, the difference between the three output results is caused by the different crystallization rates of the upper arm phase change materials of the twenty-sixth NV-TBU 26 and the twenty-seventh NV-TBU 27. Changing the state of the upper arm phase change materials of the two NV-TBUs will result in different output conditions.

[0065] The twenty-first NV-TBU 21, the twenty-third NV-TBU 23, the twenty-fourth NV-TBU 24, the twenty-eighth NV-TBU 28, and the twenty-seventh NV-TBU 27 are programmed as the pass-through state, the twenty-ninth NV-TBU 29 and the thirtieth NV-TBU 30 are programmed as the adjustable coupling state, and the twelfth input port (I 12 ) as the configured input IN port, the twelfth output port (O 12 ) as the configured output OUT1 port, the tenth output port (O 10 ) as the configured output OUT2 port. At this time, the configuration of the entire circuit can form a micro-ring resonator to realize the function of an optical integrator. Figure 4a-4c The specific circuit configuration, light propagation path diagram and simulation result diagram are given. Similarly, the three different outputs in the figure are affected by the different coupling conditions of the two coupling regions, that is, in the circuit, they are affected by the different crystallization rates of the phase change materials on the twenty-ninth NV-TBU 29 and the thirtieth NV-TBU 30.

[0066] The proposed non-volatile programmable photonic circuit can support up to 12×12 routing as an optical router. Here, the feasibility of 12×12 routing will be demonstrated by taking I1 input to 12 output ports for output as an example. When the first NV-TBU 1 is programmed as a straight-through state, the routing from I1 to O1 can be realized. When the first NV-TBU 1, the eighth NV-TBU 8, and the fifth NV-TBU 5 are programmed as a cross state, the third NV-TBU 3, the thirteenth NV-TBU 13, the sixteenth NV-TBU 16, the fourteenth NV-TBU 14, and the ninth NV-TBU 9 are programmed as a straight-through state, the routing from I1 to O2 can be realized. When the first NV-TBU 1 and the third NV-TBU 3 are programmed as a cross state, and the fifth NV-TBU 5 is programmed as a straight-through state, the routing from I1 to O3 can be realized. When the first NV-TBU 1, the eighth NV-TBU 8, and the ninth NV-TBU 9 are programmed as the interleaved state, the third NV-TBU 3, the thirteenth NV-TBU 13, the sixteenth NV-TBU 16, and the fourteenth NV-TBU 14 are programmed as the straight-through state, the routing from I1 to O4 can be realized. When the first NV-TBU 1, the third NV-TBU 3, the fifth NV-TBU 5, and the ninth NV-TBU 9 are programmed as the interleaved state, the routing from I1 to O5 can be realized. When the first NV-TBU 1, the eighth NV-TBU 8, and the fourteenth NV-TBU 14 are programmed as the interleaved state, the third NV-TBU 3, the thirteenth NV-TBU 13, and the sixteenth NV-TBU 16 are programmed as the straight-through state, the routing from I1 to O6 can be realized. When the first NV-TBU 1, the third NV-TBU 3, the fifth NV-TBU 5, and the fourteenth NV-TBU 14 are programmed as the interleaving state, and the ninth NV-TBU 9 and the twentieth NV-TBU 20 are programmed as the through state, the routing from I1 to O7 can be realized. When the first NV-TBU 1, the eighth NV-TBU 8, the thirteenth NV-TBU 13, the nineteenth NV-TBU 19, and the twenty-fifth NV-TBU 25 are programmed as the interleaving state, and the third NV-TBU 3, the twenty-fourth NV-TBU 24, and the twenty-seventh NV-TBU 27 are programmed as the through state, the routing from I1 to O8 can be realized. When the first NV-TBU 1, the third NV-TBU 3, the fifth NV-TBU 5, the fourteenth NV-TBU 14, the twentieth NV-TBU 20, and the twenty-fifth NV-TBU 25 are programmed as the interleaving state, the routing from I1 to O9 can be realized. When the first NV-TBU 1, the eighth NV-TBU 8, the thirteenth NV-TBU 13, the nineteenth NV-TBU 19, and the twenty-seventh NV-TBU 27 are programmed as the interleaved state, and the third NV-TBU 3 and the twenty-fourth NV-TBU 24 are programmed as the through state, the I1 to O 10When the first NV-TBU 1, the eighth NV-TBU 8, the thirteenth NV-TBU 13, the nineteenth NV-TBU 19, the twenty-fourth NV-TBU 24, and the twenty-ninth NV-TBU 29 are programmed as the cross state, and the third NV-TBU 3 is programmed as the through state, I1 to O can be realized. 11 When the first NV-TBU 1, the eighth NV-TBU 8, the thirteenth NV-TBU 13, the twenty-first NV-TBU 21, and the thirtieth NV-TBU 30 are programmed as the cross state, and the third NV-TBU 3, the nineteenth NV-TBU 19, the twenty-third NV-TBU 23, and the twenty-eighth NV-TBU 28 are programmed as the through state, I1 to O can be realized. 12 The configuration scheme for implementing I1 to all output ports listed here is not unique. Figure 5 shows the propagation path from I1 to each output port and the simulation result of I1 to each output port routing. It can be seen from the simulation diagram that the maximum crosstalk of each routing is about -25dB, the insertion loss of a single NV-TBU is as low as 0.04dB, and the insertion loss is less than 0.5dB when the longest routing is implemented in this photonic circuit. Therefore, it is feasible as an optical router.

[0067] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0068] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the circuit and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional non-volatile programmable photonic circuit, characterized in that: include: There are seven equilateral hexagonal units, wherein one equilateral hexagonal unit is arranged in the center, and the remaining six equilateral hexagonal units are arranged corresponding to the six sides of the equilateral hexagon in the center, a non-volatile programmable photonic circuit NV-TBU is arranged on the side of each equilateral hexagonal unit, and a total of thirty non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU are arranged. There are two connection modes for adjacent non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU, wherein the non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU arranged on the outer sides of the six outer equilateral hexagonal units parallel to the six sides of the central equilateral hexagonal unit are disconnected from the outer input terminals and output terminals of the two adjacent non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU, and the input terminals and output terminals of the remaining two adjacent non-volatile programmable photonic circuits NV-TBU are connected through silicon waveguides.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that The non-volatile programmable photonic circuit NV-TBU is composed of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a phase change material Sb2Se3.

3. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that The Mach-Zehnder interferometer includes two multimode interference couplers and upper and lower arm waveguides connecting them, and the phase change material Sb2Se3 is arranged on the upper and lower arm waveguides, wherein the phase change material Sb2Se3 on the lower arm waveguide is fixed to an amorphous state, and the phase change material Sb2Se3 on the upper arm waveguide is adjustable.

4. The circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that The length of the phase change material Sb2Se3 and the length of the upper and lower arm waveguides are 24.8 μm, the thickness is 0.025 μm, and the width of the phase change material Sb2Se3 is 0.354 μm.

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