35kV-based power fault rapid positioning method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a 35kV-based power fault rapid positioning method and system, and particularly relates to the field of power fault rapid positioning, and the method comprises a data region division step, a fault positioning data collection step, a fault positioning data analysis step, a comprehensive region data evaluation step, and a real-time feedback early warning step. The fault positioning data acquisition step comprises an electrical quantity data acquisition unit and a fault feature data acquisition unit, and is used for acquiring target data in real time and transmitting the acquired data to the fault positioning data analysis step; the fault positioning data analysis step comprises an electrical quantity data analysis unit and a fault characteristic data analysis unit, and is used for analyzing the data transmitted in the fault positioning data acquisition step and transmitting an analysis result to the comprehensive area data evaluation step; according to the method, the 35kV power fault positioning data is divided into the acquisition areas, so that the accuracy and the practicability of the positioning data are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rapid positioning of electric power faults, and more specifically, to a method and system for rapid positioning of electric power faults based on 35kV. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the modern power industry and the continuous expansion of the power grid, the 35kV power system has become increasingly important in the power supply network, and the accuracy and timeliness of its rapid fault location are also increasing. The 35kV power fault rapid location method and system have brought new challenges and opportunities to power operation and maintenance due to their key role in ensuring the stability of power supply and reducing power outage losses. Accurate fault location can ensure the rapid resumption of power system operation, reduce the scope of fault impact, and meet the needs of high-quality power supply.

[0003] The existing 35kV power fault location method and system mainly include signal acquisition step, signal processing step, fault analysis step, and positioning feedback step. Through the signal acquisition step, various types of monitoring equipment, such as current transformers, voltage transformers, fault indicators, etc., are installed at the key nodes of the 35kV power line to collect data such as current, voltage, phase, and transient fault signals in the operation of the power system, so as to realize real-time monitoring of the power operation status; through the signal processing step, the collected data is processed using specific signal filtering and feature extraction algorithms to enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of the data during the processing process; through the fault analysis step, the processed data is analyzed, and the possible fault causes and location ranges are analyzed according to the power line topology, equipment parameters, and characteristics of different fault types, providing a basis for fault location; through the positioning feedback step, the operation and maintenance personnel can intuitively understand the fault-related information and system status, realize real-time adjustment and optimization of the fault location results, timely correct the positioning information, and improve the accuracy and flexibility of fault location.

[0004] However, this system and method still have some shortcomings in practical applications. For example, in terms of signal acquisition, due to the installation location and accuracy limitations of the monitoring equipment, there may be omissions or deviations in the acquisition of certain fault signals, resulting in incomplete collected data, which has an adverse effect on subsequent fault analysis; in terms of fault analysis, facing the complex operating conditions of the power system and the changing fault types, it is easy to cause the analysis results to be inaccurate and incomplete, which may cause the operation and maintenance personnel to be unable to quickly and accurately locate the fault, reducing the effect of locating the 35kV power fault.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a method and system for quickly locating 35kV power faults to solve the problems of insufficient data collection and inaccurate analysis results of the existing 35kV power fault locating system, and to further improve the reliability and stability of the 35kV power system operation. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method and system for quickly locating a 35kV power fault, and solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology through the following scheme.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for quickly locating a 35kV power fault, comprising:

[0008] S1, data area division step: used to determine the data to be collected as target data, divide the target data into different data sub-areas in an equal area division manner, and mark them as 1, 2, ..., n in sequence;

[0009] S2, fault location data acquisition step: including an electrical quantity data acquisition unit and a fault characteristic data acquisition unit, which are used to acquire target data in real time and transmit the acquired data to the fault location data analysis step; the electrical quantity data acquisition unit is used to acquire voltage-related data, current-related data and power-related data; the fault characteristic data acquisition unit is used to acquire traveling wave-related data, fault transient spectrum-related data and fault point electrical distance data;

[0010] S3, fault location data analysis step: including an electrical quantity data analysis unit and a fault characteristic data analysis unit, which are used to analyze the data transmitted in the fault location data acquisition step, and transmit the analysis results to the comprehensive area data evaluation step; the electrical quantity data analysis unit includes a voltage-related data analysis node, a current-related data analysis node, and a power-related data analysis node; the fault characteristic data analysis unit includes a traveling wave-related data analysis node, a fault transient spectrum-related data analysis node, and a fault point electrical distance data analysis node;

[0011] S4, comprehensive regional data evaluation step: including a 35kV power fault rapid fault location data analysis unit, which is used to comprehensively analyze the data transmitted in the fault location data analysis step and transmit the analysis results to the real-time feedback warning step;

[0012] S5, real-time feedback warning step: used to establish a preset value of the power fault location rationality index, judge the power fault location rationality index value according to the preset value of the power fault location rationality index, and send a corresponding signal according to the judgment result.

[0013] Preferably, the voltage-related data include transient overvoltage peak Tp, voltage effective value change Cv and three-phase voltage imbalance Tu; the current-related data include transient current rise rate Tr, zero-sequence current effective value Zr and three-phase current imbalance Tc; the power-related data include active power mutation value Mp, reactive power change rate Rp and three-phase apparent power imbalance Tv; the traveling wave-related data include traveling wave head arrival time difference Dw, traveling wave amplitude attenuation rate Dt and traveling wave reflection coefficient Wr; the fault transient spectrum-related data include transient voltage spectrum peak frequency Sf, transient current spectrum bandwidth Bt and transient spectrum energy ratio Er; the fault point electrical distance data include positive-sequence component fault point electrical distance Df, zero-sequence component fault point electrical distance Dz and composite-sequence network fault point electrical distance Ds.

[0014] Preferably, the voltage-related data analysis node is used to establish a voltage-related data calculation model, and the voltage-related data transmitted in the fault location data collection step is imported into the voltage-related data calculation model to obtain a voltage fault warning coefficient value. The voltage-related data calculation model is specifically expressed as:

[0015]

[0016] Among them, α i represents the calculated voltage fault warning coefficient value of the ith sub-area, Tp i represents the transient overvoltage peak value of the i-th sub-region collected, σ1 represents the standard deviation of the transient overvoltage peak value of the i-th sub-region, μ1 represents the mean value of the transient overvoltage peak value of the i-th sub-region, Cv i represents the voltage effective value change of the ith sub-region, σ2 represents the standard deviation of the voltage effective value change of the ith sub-region, μ2 represents the mean value of the voltage effective value change of the ith sub-region, Tu i represents the collected three-phase voltage unbalance degree of the i-th sub-area, σ3 represents the standard deviation of the three-phase voltage unbalance degree of the i-th sub-area, μ3 represents the mean value of the three-phase voltage unbalance degree of the i-th sub-area; π represents pi.

[0017] Preferably, the current-related data analysis node is used to establish a current-related data calculation model, and the current-related data transmitted in the fault location data acquisition step is imported into the current-related data calculation model to obtain a current fault insight coefficient value. The current-related data calculation model is specifically expressed as:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, β i represents the calculated current fault insight coefficient value of the ith sub-area, Tr irepresents the transient current rise rate of the i-th sub-area collected, Zr i Indicates the zero-sequence current effective value of the ith sub-area collected, Tc i Indicates the three-phase current unbalance degree of the collected i-th sub-area.

[0020] Preferably, the power-related data analysis node is used to establish a power-related data calculation model, import the power-related data transmitted in the fault location data collection step into the power-related data calculation model, and obtain a power fault indication coefficient value. The power-related data calculation model is specifically expressed as:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, χ i represents the calculated power fault indication coefficient value of the ith sub-area, Mp i Indicates the active power mutation value of the ith sub-area collected, Rp i Indicates the reactive power change rate of the collected i-th sub-area, Tv i It represents the three-phase apparent power imbalance of the collected i-th sub-area.

[0023] Preferably, the traveling wave related data analysis node is used to establish a traveling wave related data calculation model, and the traveling wave related data transmitted in the fault location data acquisition step is imported into the traveling wave related data calculation model to obtain the traveling wave fault location calibration coefficient value. The traveling wave related data calculation model is specifically expressed as:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, γ i represents the calculated value of the traveling wave fault location calibration coefficient of the ith sub-area, Dw i Denotes the arrival time difference of the traveling wave head in the i-th sub-area collected, Dw def Denotes the reference value of the travel wave lossless line propagation time per unit length, Dt i represents the amplitude attenuation rate of the traveling wave in the i-th sub-area collected, Wr i Represents the traveling wave reflection coefficient of the collected i-th sub-area.

[0026] Preferably, the fault transient spectrum related data analysis node is used to establish a fault transient spectrum related data calculation model, and the fault transient spectrum related data transmitted by the fault location data acquisition step is imported into the fault transient spectrum related data calculation model to obtain the fault transient spectrum discrimination coefficient value. The fault transient spectrum related data calculation model is specifically expressed as:

[0027]

[0028] in, represents the calculated fault transient spectrum discrimination coefficient value of the ith sub-area, Sf i Indicates the peak frequency of transient voltage spectrum of the ith sub-area collected, Bt i Indicates the transient current spectrum bandwidth Bt of the i-th sub-area collected, Er i represents the transient spectrum energy ratio of the i-th sub-area collected, and π represents pi.

[0029] Preferably, the fault point electrical distance data analysis node is used to establish a fault point electrical distance data calculation model, and the fault point electrical distance data transmitted in the fault location data collection step is imported into the fault point electrical distance data calculation model to obtain the fault point electrical distance tracking coefficient value. The fault point electrical distance data calculation model is specifically expressed as:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, l i represents the calculated fault point electrical distance tracing coefficient value of the ith sub-area, Df i Denotes the electrical distance of the positive sequence component fault point in the ith sub-area collected, Dz i Denotes the electrical distance of the zero-sequence component fault point in the ith sub-area collected, Ds i It represents the electrical distance of the fault point in the composite sequence network of the ith sub-area collected.

[0032] Preferably, the 35kV power fault fast fault location data analysis unit is used to establish a 35kV power fault fast fault location data calculation model, and the voltage fault warning coefficient value, current fault insight coefficient value, power fault indication coefficient value, traveling wave fault location calibration coefficient value, fault transient spectrum discrimination coefficient value and fault point electrical distance tracking coefficient value transmitted in the fault location data analysis step are introduced into the 35kV power fault fast fault location data calculation model to obtain the power fault location rationality index value. The 35kV power fault fast fault location data calculation model is specifically expressed as:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, FD is the calculated power fault location rationality index value,

[0035] α i represents the calculated voltage fault warning coefficient value of the ith sub-area, β i represents the calculated current fault insight coefficient value of the ith sub-area, χ irepresents the calculated power fault indication coefficient value of the ith sub-area, γ i represents the calculated value of the traveling wave fault location calibration coefficient of the ith sub-area, represents the calculated fault transient spectrum discrimination coefficient value of the ith sub-area, l i It represents the calculated fault point electrical distance tracing coefficient value of the i-th sub-area; i represents starting from the i-th number, and n represents ending at the n-th number.

[0036] Preferably, a 35kV power fault rapid location system comprises:

[0037] Data area division module: used to determine the data to be collected as target data, divide the target data into different data sub-areas in an equal area division manner, and mark them as 1, 2, ..., n in sequence;

[0038] Fault location data acquisition module: including an electrical quantity data acquisition unit and a fault characteristic data acquisition unit, which are used to acquire target data in real time and transmit the acquired data to the fault location data analysis module; the electrical quantity data acquisition unit is used to acquire voltage-related data, current-related data and power-related data; the fault characteristic data acquisition unit is used to acquire traveling wave-related data, fault transient spectrum-related data and fault point electrical distance data;

[0039] Fault location data analysis module: including an electrical quantity data analysis unit and a fault characteristic data analysis unit, used to analyze the data transmitted by the fault location data acquisition module, and transmit the analysis results to the comprehensive regional data evaluation module; the electrical quantity data analysis unit includes a voltage-related data analysis node, a current-related data analysis node, and a power-related data analysis node; the fault characteristic data analysis unit includes a traveling wave-related data analysis node, a fault transient spectrum-related data analysis node, and a fault point electrical distance data analysis node;

[0040] Comprehensive regional data evaluation module: including a 35kV power fault rapid fault location data analysis unit, which is used to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the data transmitted by the fault location data analysis module and transmit the analysis results to the real-time feedback warning module;

[0041] Real-time feedback warning module: used to establish a preset value of the power fault location rationality index, judge the power fault location rationality index value according to the preset value of the power fault location rationality index, and send a corresponding signal according to the judgment result.

[0042] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0043] 1. The present invention effectively improves the accuracy and practicality of the positioning data by dividing the data of 35kV power fault location into various collection areas. By collecting voltage-related data, current-related data, power-related data, traveling wave-related data, fault transient spectrum-related data, and fault point electrical distance data in multiple dimensions, this multi-faceted data collection mode greatly breaks through the limitation of the single traditional power fault location data, and provides a sufficient and reliable information basis for subsequent rapid and accurate fault location;

[0044] 2. The present invention analyzes the collected data in depth through data analysis, and then calculates the voltage fault warning coefficient value, current fault insight coefficient value, power fault indication coefficient value, traveling wave fault location calibration coefficient value, fault transient spectrum discrimination coefficient value and fault point electrical distance tracking coefficient value, and clearly points out the factors that may affect the fault location effect; by comprehensively evaluating and deeply integrating the data analysis results, the accuracy and efficiency of the positioning solution are significantly enhanced;

[0045] 3. The present invention continuously tracks through real-time monitoring. Once positioning deviation or abnormal situation is found, an alarm message will be issued immediately. Relevant staff can quickly know the status and potential fault points of the 35kV power system, and take timely actions to adjust and optimize the troubleshooting strategy and repair path, so as to provide strong guarantee for the high-quality rapid positioning of 35kV power faults based on big data and safe and stable power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall method structure of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the method of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] As attached Figure 1 A 35kV power fault rapid location method is shown, comprising a method operation database, a method central processor and a user information terminal.

[0051] The method operation database includes all data texts based on the 35kV power fault rapid positioning method, and collects information texts output by each step in real time. The method central processor is used to control the information text instructions output by each step, and the user information terminal is an information output device for receiving the information based on the 35kV power fault rapid positioning method.

[0052] As attached Figure 2 The method for quickly locating a 35kV power fault shown in the figure also includes a data area division step, a fault location data collection step, a fault location data analysis step, a comprehensive area data evaluation step, and a real-time feedback warning step.

[0053] S1. Data area division step: used to determine the data to be collected as target data, divide the target data into different data sub-areas in an equal-area division manner, and mark them as 1, 2, ..., n in sequence.

[0054] In this embodiment, it is specifically required to explain that: the method of dividing by equal area is to run the database through the background method to divide according to the characteristics of each target data, and to collect target data once at equal intervals according to the real-time requirements of each target data.

[0055] S2. Fault location data acquisition step: including an electrical quantity data acquisition unit and a fault characteristic data acquisition unit, which are used to acquire target data in real time and transmit the acquired data to the fault location data analysis step; the electrical quantity data acquisition unit is used to acquire voltage-related data, current-related data and power-related data; the fault characteristic data acquisition unit is used to acquire traveling wave-related data, fault transient spectrum-related data and fault point electrical distance data.

[0056] In this embodiment, it is specifically necessary to explain that: the voltage-related data include the transient overvoltage peak value Tp, the voltage effective value change Cv and the three-phase voltage imbalance Tu; the current-related data include the transient current rise rate Tr, the zero-sequence current effective value Zr and the three-phase current imbalance Tc; the power-related data include the active power mutation value Mp, the reactive power change rate Rp and the three-phase apparent power imbalance Tv; the traveling wave-related data include the traveling wave head arrival time difference Dw, the traveling wave amplitude attenuation rate Dt and the traveling wave reflection coefficient Wr; the fault transient spectrum-related data include the transient voltage spectrum peak frequency Sf, the transient current spectrum bandwidth Bt and the transient spectrum energy ratio Er; the fault point electrical distance data include the positive sequence component fault point electrical distance Df, the zero sequence component fault point electrical distance Dz and the composite sequence network fault point electrical distance Ds.

[0057] The magnitude of the transient overvoltage peak value is closely related to the type and cause of the fault. For example, for a fault caused by a lightning strike, the transient overvoltage peak value generated will be much higher than that caused by other reasons due to the extremely high lightning impulse voltage. By monitoring this peak value, it can be preliminarily determined whether the fault is caused by an external strong impact (such as a lightning strike). For line insulation design, if the transient overvoltage peak value exceeds the insulation tolerance level, it may cause insulation damage, so this parameter is also important for evaluating the line insulation state and predicting potential insulation failure risks. In terms of fault location, the attenuation and distortion characteristics of the transient overvoltage peak value caused by faults at different locations are different during the propagation process. Combined with line parameters and other measurement data, it can assist in determining the fault location. The acquisition method is: using a high-precision, wide-bandwidth voltage sensor whose frequency response characteristics can cover the frequency range of transient overvoltage. The voltage sensor is installed at key nodes of the transmission line, such as the outlet of the substation, the line branch point, etc. The sensor is connected to a data acquisition card, and the sampling frequency of the data acquisition card is set to 10MHz or higher to ensure that the rapid changes of transient overvoltage can be captured. After collecting the voltage signal, the continuous voltage sampling data is analyzed in real time using a digital signal processing algorithm, such as a peak detection algorithm. The algorithm compares the voltage values ​​of adjacent sampling points and when it is found that the voltage value begins to rise and reaches a local maximum value, the maximum value is recorded as the transient overvoltage peak value.

[0058] The change in the effective value of voltage can intuitively understand the degree of influence of the fault on the voltage. For different types of faults, the change pattern of the effective value of voltage is different. For example, a short circuit fault will cause the effective value of the voltage near the fault point to drop significantly, while a ground fault may cause the effective value of the grounded phase voltage to decrease and the effective value of the non-grounded phase voltage to increase. According to this change rule, the fault type can be preliminarily judged. In fault location, since the closer the fault point is to the measurement point, the more significant the change in the effective value of the voltage, by analyzing the change in the effective value of the voltage at multiple measurement points, the approximate area of ​​the fault can be determined and the fault location range can be narrowed. The acquisition method is: evenly distribute the voltage sensors on the transmission line, and the measurement accuracy of the sensors should meet the requirements, such as the error within ±0.5%. Under normal operating conditions, the data acquisition and processing unit continuously collects the voltage signal from the voltage sensor, calculates the effective value of the voltage signal according to the effective value calculation formula, and stores the result. When a fault occurs, the system triggers the fault recording function, continues to collect the voltage signal during the fault and calculates the effective value. Finally, the effective value of the voltage after the fault is subtracted from the effective value of the voltage stored before the fault to obtain the change in the effective value of the voltage.

[0059] The three-phase voltage imbalance can detect the occurrence of faults in time. Different types of faults will lead to voltage imbalances of different degrees and characteristics. For example, a single-phase grounding fault will reduce the grounding phase voltage and increase the non-grounding phase voltage, thereby increasing the three-phase voltage imbalance; a phase-to-phase short circuit may cause the fault phase voltage to decrease, thereby affecting the three-phase voltage balance. Using this relationship between fault and imbalance, the fault type can be determined to provide a basis for subsequent fault location and repair. In addition, long-term voltage imbalance will have an adverse effect on the operation of equipment such as three-phase motors, such as causing motor heating and vibration, so this parameter is also of great significance for equipment protection. The acquisition method is: use a three-phase voltage sensor to simultaneously collect three-phase voltage signals, and the sensor is installed at the same position of the three-phase line to ensure the synchronization of the acquisition. The data acquisition unit performs analog-to-digital conversion on the collected three-phase voltage signal and converts the analog voltage signal into a digital signal. Then, it is calculated according to the calculation formula of the three-phase voltage imbalance. The commonly used calculation method is to use the positive sequence component as a reference to calculate the proportional relationship between the negative sequence and zero sequence components and the positive sequence component. During the calculation process, the symmetrical components are decomposed through algorithms such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to obtain the three-phase voltage imbalance.

[0060] The transient current rise rate reflects the degree of change in the instantaneous current at the time of the fault. When a serious fault such as a short circuit fault occurs, the current at the fault point will increase rapidly, and its rise rate is very high. Different types of faults, such as three-phase short circuit, two-phase short circuit, single-phase ground short circuit, etc., have different transient current rise rates due to different impedances of the fault circuit. By monitoring this parameter, the severity and type of the fault can be quickly determined. For example, the transient current rise rate of a three-phase short circuit fault is usually much higher than that of a single-phase ground short circuit. In addition, the transient current rise rate is also related to the location of the fault point. For faults close to the power supply end, the transient current rise rate may be greater due to the relatively small internal resistance of the power supply. In the fault location system, combined with line parameters and other electrical quantities, the transient current rise rate can be used to assist in determining the fault location. The acquisition method is: select a high-sensitivity, wide-band current sensor that can accurately measure the large current changes at the moment of the fault. The current sensor is installed on each phase conductor of the transmission line to ensure that the sensor is in good contact with the conductor to reduce the measurement error. The sampling frequency of the data acquisition system is set to a very high value, such as collecting current data once every microsecond, to meet the precise measurement of transient current changes. When a fault occurs, the current sensor transmits the current signal to the data acquisition system, and the data acquisition system performs differential calculations on the collected current data. Specifically, by calculating the difference in current values ​​within adjacent microseconds, the transient current rise rate is obtained.

[0061] The effective value of zero-sequence current is an important basis for judging ground fault. The effective value of zero-sequence current is different for ground faults at different locations. The closer the fault point is to the neutral point, the larger the effective value of zero-sequence current; the farther the fault point is from the neutral point, the smaller the effective value of zero-sequence current. By monitoring the effective value of zero-sequence current after the fault and combining the zero-sequence impedance parameters of the line, the distance from the fault point to the neutral point can be estimated, thereby locating the ground fault. In addition, the size of the effective value of zero-sequence current is also related to factors such as grounding resistance. By analyzing the changes in the effective value of zero-sequence current, the specific situation of the grounding fault, such as the size of the grounding resistance, can be further understood. The acquisition method is: install a zero-sequence current transformer on the transmission line. The zero-sequence current transformer should be selected according to the rated current of the line and the possible fault current size to ensure that the zero-sequence current can be accurately measured in the event of a fault. When a fault occurs, the zero-sequence current transformer collects the zero-sequence current signal and transmits it to the data acquisition and processing unit. The data acquisition and processing unit performs pre-processing such as analog-to-digital conversion and filtering on the collected zero-sequence current signal to remove interference signals such as noise. Then, the effective value of the zero-sequence current is calculated according to the effective value calculation formula.

[0062] The three-phase current imbalance is similar to the three-phase voltage imbalance and is an important indicator reflecting the operating status of the three-phase power transmission system. During normal operation, the three-phase current is basically balanced. When a fault occurs, such as a phase-to-phase short circuit, a single-phase ground short circuit or an unbalanced three-phase load, the three-phase current imbalance will change. By monitoring the three-phase current imbalance, the occurrence of the fault can be discovered in time. Different types of faults will lead to different current imbalance characteristics. For example, a phase-to-phase short circuit will increase the current between the fault phases, resulting in an increase in the three-phase current imbalance; a single-phase ground short circuit will change the ground phase current, thereby affecting the three-phase current balance. Using this relationship between the fault and the current imbalance, the fault type can be determined. In addition, the three-phase current imbalance will lead to problems such as increased line loss and equipment heating, and long-term operation may damage the equipment, so this parameter is also important for equipment protection and operation maintenance. The acquisition method is: use a three-phase current sensor to simultaneously collect three-phase current signals, and the sensor is installed on each phase conductor of the three-phase line. The data acquisition unit synchronously collects and converts the collected three-phase current signals into analog-to-digital signals, and converts the analog current signals into digital signals. Then, the calculation is performed according to the calculation formula of the three-phase current imbalance. The calculation method is similar to the three-phase voltage imbalance. Taking the positive sequence current component as the reference, the proportional relationship between the negative sequence and zero sequence current components and the positive sequence current component is calculated. The three-phase current is decomposed by the symmetrical component method to obtain the positive sequence, negative sequence and zero sequence current components, and then the three-phase current imbalance is calculated. In the calculation process, algorithms such as fast Fourier transform (FFT) can be used to realize the decomposition of symmetrical components.

[0063] The power mutation value reflects the sudden impact of the fault on power transmission. When a fault occurs, such as a short-circuit fault, the circuit impedance will change, thereby causing the active power to change instantly. Faults of different types and locations will cause active power mutations of different sizes. For example, a three-phase short-circuit fault will cause a significant drop in the active power output of the power supply due to the extremely small impedance at the fault point; while a single-phase grounding fault has a relatively small impact on the active power. By monitoring the active power mutation value at the moment of the fault, the severity and approximate type of the fault can be quickly determined. In terms of fault location, since the positional relationship between the fault point and the power supply and load will affect the mutation of active power, combined with line parameters and other electrical quantities, this parameter can be used to assist in determining the fault location. The acquisition method is: install voltage sensors and current sensors at both ends or key nodes of the transmission line to ensure that the measurement accuracy and response speed of the sensors meet the requirements. The voltage sensor and the current sensor transmit the collected voltage and current signals to the data acquisition and processing unit. The data acquisition and processing unit first performs synchronous acquisition and analog-to-digital conversion on the voltage and current signals, and converts the analog signals into digital signals. Then, the active power is calculated according to the active power calculation formula. Under normal operation, the system continuously calculates and records the active power value. When a fault occurs, the system triggers the fault recording function, records the active power values ​​before and after the fault, and calculates the difference between the two, that is, the active power mutation value at the moment of the fault. In order to improve accuracy, the calculation results of multiple sampling points can be averaged.

[0064] The reactive power change rate reflects the dynamic impact of the fault on the reactive power. Different types of faults will lead to different change modes of reactive power. For example, when a short circuit fault occurs near an inductive load, the reactive power may increase sharply due to the influence of the short circuit current; while when a fault occurs near a capacitive compensation device, the change of reactive power is more complicated, and may decrease first and then increase. By monitoring the reactive power change rate after the fault, the impact of the fault on the reactive balance of the power grid can be analyzed, and the type and approximate location of the fault can be determined. In addition, the change of reactive power will affect the voltage stability of the power grid. Timely understanding the reactive power change rate after the fault is of great significance for maintaining the voltage stability of the power grid and taking corresponding reactive compensation measures. The acquisition method is: similar to the active power acquisition, voltage sensors and current sensors are installed on the transmission line to collect voltage and current signals. The data acquisition and processing unit synchronously collects, converts analog-to-digital and preprocesses the collected voltage and current signals. Then, the reactive power is calculated according to the reactive power calculation formula. After the fault occurs, the system continuously collects reactive power data, and obtains the reactive power change rate by calculating the slope of the change of reactive power data over a period of time. The reactive power data within a certain time window after the fault is fitted using algorithms such as linear regression to obtain the rate of change. To improve accuracy, the time window size can be adjusted and multiple calculations and averages can be performed.

[0065] The three-phase apparent power imbalance can more comprehensively reflect the electrical state of the three-phase transmission line under fault conditions. In normal operation, the three-phase apparent power is basically balanced. When a fault occurs, such as phase-to-phase short circuit, single-phase ground short circuit or three-phase load imbalance, the three-phase apparent power imbalance will change. Different types of faults will lead to apparent power imbalances of different degrees and characteristics. For example, a phase-to-phase short circuit will change the apparent power between the fault phases, thereby affecting the three-phase apparent power balance. By monitoring the three-phase apparent power imbalance, the occurrence of the fault can be judged, and the fault type can be inferred based on the changing characteristics of the imbalance. At the same time, the apparent power imbalance will affect the power transmission efficiency of the power grid and the operating state of the equipment. This parameter plays an important role in power grid operation analysis and equipment protection. The acquisition method is: install a three-phase voltage sensor and a three-phase current sensor on the three-phase transmission line to ensure that the installation position and performance of the sensor meet the requirements. The data acquisition unit synchronously collects and converts the three-phase voltage and current signals into analog-to-digital signals. First, the three-phase apparent power is calculated, and then the apparent power of a certain phase is used as a reference to calculate the difference between the apparent power of the other two phases and the reference phase, and the three-phase apparent power imbalance is calculated according to the imbalance calculation formula.

[0066] The arrival time difference of the first wave head of the traveling wave is the core parameter of the traveling wave method fault location. When a transmission line fails, a traveling wave will be generated to propagate to both ends of the line. The traveling wave propagates at a speed close to the speed of light in a uniform and lossless line, and its speed is relatively stable. By installing traveling wave sensors at both ends of the line, measuring the time difference of the first wave head of the traveling wave arriving at both ends, and combining the traveling wave propagation speed, the distance from the fault point to both ends of the line can be accurately calculated. For example, assuming that the traveling wave propagation speed is, the arrival time of the first wave head of the traveling wave measured by the sensors at both ends of the line is and respectively, then the distance from the fault point to one end is. This method is not affected by line parameters (such as resistance, inductance, capacitance) and fault types (such as short circuit, grounding, etc.), and can quickly and accurately locate the fault position. Its acquisition method is: install high-precision traveling wave sensors at appropriate positions at both ends of the line, and the response time of the sensor should be short, so that the first wave head of the traveling wave signal can be accurately captured. The sensor is connected to a high-precision time synchronization device and a data acquisition system. The time synchronization device ensures that the data acquisition system at both ends of the line is synchronized in time, with an accuracy of microseconds or even higher. When a fault occurs and a traveling wave is generated, the traveling wave sensor converts the traveling wave signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the data acquisition system. The data acquisition system records the precise time when the first wave head of the traveling wave arrives, and transmits the time data at both ends to the fault location calculation unit through the communication network. The calculation unit calculates the difference between the two ends of the time and obtains the arrival time difference of the first wave head of the traveling wave.

[0067] The traveling wave amplitude attenuation rate reflects the energy loss of the traveling wave during the propagation process. Different types of lines (such as wires of different materials and cross-sections), different fault locations and fault types will affect the attenuation of the traveling wave amplitude. By measuring the traveling wave amplitude attenuation rate, the electrical characteristics of the line and the impact of the fault on the propagation of the traveling wave can be understood. In fault location, considering the traveling wave amplitude attenuation rate can improve the accuracy of positioning. For example, when there is a deviation between the calculated fault distance and the actual distance, the calculation result can be corrected according to the traveling wave amplitude attenuation rate, because the change in the attenuation rate may indicate an abnormality in the line near the fault point. The collection method is: the traveling wave sensors at different positions measure the traveling wave amplitude, and the traveling wave amplitude attenuation rate is calculated by comparing and analyzing the traveling wave amplitudes at multiple positions and combining the known distance between sensors.

[0068] The traveling wave reflection coefficient reflects the relationship between the reflected wave and the incident wave, and it is closely related to the characteristics of the discontinuity point (such as the grounding resistance of the fault point, the impedance of the branch line, etc.). By analyzing the traveling wave reflection coefficient, information such as the impedance characteristics of the fault point can be obtained, which helps to more accurately determine the fault location and type. For example, for a ground fault, different grounding resistances will lead to different reflection coefficients. According to the size of the reflection coefficient, the approximate range of the grounding resistance can be inferred, and then a reference can be provided for fault repair. The acquisition method is: multiple traveling wave sensors are set at a specific location to form a measurement array. When the fault generates a traveling wave, some sensors collect the incident traveling wave signal, and some sensors collect the reflected traveling wave signal. Assuming that the amplitude of the incident traveling wave is A1 and the amplitude of the reflected traveling wave is A2, the traveling wave reflection coefficient = A1 / A2. In order to improve the accuracy of the measurement, it is necessary to comprehensively analyze the data of multiple measurement points and consider the influence of factors such as attenuation during the propagation of the traveling wave on the measurement results. The accuracy of the reflection coefficient measurement can be improved by performing calibration measurements on a test line with known reflection characteristics.

[0069] The transient voltage spectrum peak frequency is an important feature of the fault in the frequency domain. Different types of faults (such as insulation breakdown, flashover, arc fault, etc.) will show different peak frequencies on the voltage spectrum at the moment of occurrence due to different physical processes of fault generation. For example, a local discharge fault inside the insulating material may produce a specific peak frequency in the high frequency band, while a flashover fault on the line surface may have an obvious spectrum peak in the lower frequency band. By analyzing the peak frequency of the fault transient voltage spectrum, the fault type can be identified, providing a basis for fault diagnosis and repair. In addition, this parameter can also be combined with other fault characteristic parameters to further improve the accuracy of fault location. The acquisition method is: using a high-precision voltage sensor to collect the fault transient voltage signal, and the frequency response range of the sensor should cover the possible fault spectrum range. The collected voltage signal is transmitted to the data acquisition and processing unit, which has high-speed sampling capability (sampling frequency is high enough, such as tens of MHz or even higher). The collected fault transient voltage signal is subjected to a fast Fourier transform (FFT) to convert the time domain signal into a frequency domain signal. In the obtained spectrum diagram, the frequency corresponding to the spectrum peak is found by the search algorithm, which is the peak frequency of the fault transient voltage spectrum. In order to reduce the impact of interference factors such as noise, the signal can be preprocessed, such as filtering, windowing, etc.

[0070] The transient current spectrum bandwidth describes the energy distribution range of the fault current signal in the frequency domain. Faults of different types and locations will result in different current spectrum bandwidths. For example, a short-circuit fault at a short distance may produce a wider spectrum bandwidth because the current changes dramatically at the moment of the short circuit and contains rich high-frequency components; while a long-distance fault, due to the influence of factors such as line inductance, the current changes relatively slowly and the spectrum bandwidth may be narrower. By monitoring the fault transient current spectrum bandwidth, it can assist in judging the severity and location of the fault, and also help to distinguish the fault type, providing more diagnostic information for the fault location system. The acquisition method is: using a high-sensitivity current sensor to collect the fault transient current signal, and the bandwidth of the sensor must meet the requirements of the fault transient current spectrum measurement. The data acquisition system collects the current signal at a higher sampling frequency, and then performs FFT transformation on the collected fault transient current signal to convert it into a frequency domain signal. The spectrum bandwidth is determined by calculating the effective width of the energy distribution in the frequency domain signal. A common method is to find a frequency range that contains a certain proportion (such as 90% or 95%) of the signal energy as the spectrum bandwidth.

[0071] The transient spectrum energy ratio refers to the ratio of energy in different frequency bands, which reflects the energy distribution characteristics of the fault transient signal in the frequency domain. Different types of faults will result in different energy distribution in different frequency bands. For example, some types of faults may have different energy ratios in low-frequency bands and high-frequency bands. By analyzing the fault transient spectrum energy ratio, the fault type can be further distinguished. For example, for faults of different insulating materials, the energy ratio in a specific frequency band may be significantly different. In addition, this parameter can also be used to verify the accuracy of the fault location result. When combined with other fault characteristic parameters for fault location, the fault transient spectrum energy ratio can be used as an auxiliary judgment basis. The acquisition method is: after collecting the fault transient signal (voltage or current signal), perform FFT transformation on it to obtain the frequency domain signal. Divide the frequency domain signal into different frequency bands. Then calculate the signal energy in each frequency band. Suppose the energy of frequency band 1 is K1 and the energy of frequency band 2 is K2, then the fault transient spectrum energy ratio is K1 / K2.

[0072] The electrical distance of the positive sequence component fault point describes that when a line fault occurs, the positive sequence component will change, and there is a specific mathematical relationship between the change and the position of the fault point. By analyzing the change of the positive sequence component, the electrical distance from the fault point to a reference point (such as one end of the line) can be calculated. This method has a good effect on the location of fault types such as three-phase short circuit and phase-to-phase short circuit, and can be used in combination with other fault location methods (such as those based on zero sequence components or traveling wave methods) to improve the accuracy and reliability of fault location. The acquisition method is: collect three-phase voltage and current signals, decompose the positive sequence component through the symmetrical component method, and then calculate the electrical distance of the fault point according to the pre-established fault location mathematical model based on the positive sequence component.

[0073] The zero-sequence component fault point electrical distance is very effective for accurately determining the ground fault location. Since the ground fault will cause changes in zero-sequence current and zero-sequence voltage, and these changes are related to the distance from the fault point to the neutral point. By measuring the zero-sequence component and based on its relationship with the electrical distance of the fault point, the location of the fault point can be calculated. At the same time, this method can be combined with a method based on positive-sequence or negative-sequence components for comprehensive analysis under complex fault conditions to improve the accuracy of fault location. The acquisition method is: collecting zero-sequence current and voltage signals (through zero-sequence current transformers and voltage sensors), and calculating the electrical distance of the fault point according to the fault location algorithm of the zero-sequence component.

[0074] The electrical distance of the fault point of the composite sequence network can locate the fault more comprehensively and accurately, especially for complex situations where multiple power sources, multiple branch lines and multiple fault types exist at the same time. It can use all the fault information contained in the positive sequence, negative sequence and zero sequence components to solve the fault location equation of the composite sequence network to obtain the electrical distance of the fault point, thereby improving the fault location system's ability to handle complex faults. The acquisition method is: collect three-phase voltage and current signals, and calculate the positive sequence, negative sequence and zero sequence components respectively by the symmetrical component method. Construct a composite sequence network based on the topological structure and electrical parameters of the line (including positive sequence, negative sequence and zero sequence impedance, etc.). The composite sequence network is an equivalent circuit model that reflects the connection relationship and electrical characteristics between each sequence component under fault conditions. Then, the electrical distance of the fault point is calculated by solving the fault location equation of the composite sequence network.

[0075] S3, fault location data analysis step: including an electrical quantity data analysis unit and a fault characteristic data analysis unit, which are used to analyze the data transmitted in the fault location data acquisition step, and transmit the analysis results to the comprehensive area data evaluation step; the electrical quantity data analysis unit includes a voltage-related data analysis node, a current-related data analysis node and a power-related data analysis node; the fault characteristic data analysis unit includes a traveling wave-related data analysis node, a fault transient spectrum-related data analysis node and a fault point electrical distance data analysis node.

[0076] In this embodiment, it is specifically required to be explained that: the voltage-related data analysis node is used to establish a voltage-related data calculation model, and the voltage-related data transmitted in the fault location data collection step is imported into the voltage-related data calculation model to obtain a voltage fault warning coefficient value. The voltage-related data calculation model is specifically expressed as:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, α i represents the calculated voltage fault warning coefficient value of the ith sub-area, Tp i represents the transient overvoltage peak value of the i-th sub-region collected, σ1 represents the standard deviation of the transient overvoltage peak value of the i-th sub-region, μ1 represents the mean value of the transient overvoltage peak value of the i-th sub-region, Cv i represents the voltage effective value change of the ith sub-region, σ2 represents the standard deviation of the voltage effective value change of the ith sub-region, μ2 represents the mean value of the voltage effective value change of the ith sub-region, Tu i represents the collected three-phase voltage unbalance degree of the i-th sub-area, σ3 represents the standard deviation of the three-phase voltage unbalance degree of the i-th sub-area, μ3 represents the mean value of the three-phase voltage unbalance degree of the i-th sub-area; π represents pi.

[0079] In this embodiment, it is specifically required to be explained that: the current-related data analysis node is used to establish a current-related data calculation model, and the current-related data transmitted in the fault location data acquisition step is imported into the current-related data calculation model to obtain the current fault insight coefficient value. The current-related data calculation model is specifically expressed as:

[0080]

[0081] Among them, β i represents the calculated current fault insight coefficient value of the ith sub-area, Tr i represents the transient current rise rate of the i-th sub-area collected, Zr i Indicates the zero-sequence current effective value of the ith sub-area collected, Tc i Indicates the three-phase current unbalance degree of the collected i-th sub-area.

[0082] In this embodiment, it is specifically required to be explained that: the power-related data analysis node is used to establish a power-related data calculation model, and the power-related data transmitted in the fault location data collection step is imported into the power-related data calculation model to obtain a power fault indication coefficient value. The power-related data calculation model is specifically expressed as:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, χ i represents the calculated power fault indication coefficient value of the ith sub-area, Mp i Indicates the active power mutation value of the ith sub-area collected, Rp i Indicates the reactive power change rate of the collected i-th sub-area, Tv i It represents the three-phase apparent power imbalance of the collected i-th sub-area.

[0085] In this embodiment, it is specifically required to be explained that: the traveling wave related data analysis node is used to establish a traveling wave related data calculation model, and the traveling wave related data transmitted in the fault location data acquisition step is imported into the traveling wave related data calculation model to obtain the traveling wave fault location calibration coefficient value. The traveling wave related data calculation model is specifically expressed as:

[0086]

[0087] Among them, γ i represents the calculated value of the traveling wave fault location calibration coefficient of the ith sub-area, Dw i Denotes the arrival time difference of the traveling wave head in the i-th sub-area collected, Dw def Denotes the reference value of the travel wave lossless line propagation time per unit length, Dt irepresents the amplitude attenuation rate of the traveling wave in the i-th sub-area collected, Wr i Represents the traveling wave reflection coefficient of the collected i-th sub-area.

[0088] In this embodiment, it is specifically required to be explained that: the fault transient spectrum related data analysis node is used to establish a fault transient spectrum related data calculation model, and the fault transient spectrum related data transmitted in the fault location data acquisition step is imported into the fault transient spectrum related data calculation model to obtain the fault transient spectrum discrimination coefficient value. The fault transient spectrum related data calculation model is specifically expressed as:

[0089]

[0090] in, represents the calculated fault transient spectrum discrimination coefficient value of the ith sub-area, Sf i Indicates the peak frequency of transient voltage spectrum of the ith sub-area collected, Bt i Indicates the transient current spectrum bandwidth Bt of the i-th sub-area collected, Er i represents the transient spectrum energy ratio of the i-th sub-area collected, and π represents pi.

[0091] In this embodiment, it is specifically required to be explained that: the fault point electrical distance data analysis node is used to establish a fault point electrical distance data calculation model, and the fault point electrical distance data transmitted in the fault location data collection step is imported into the fault point electrical distance data calculation model to obtain the fault point electrical distance tracking coefficient value. The fault point electrical distance data calculation model is specifically expressed as:

[0092]

[0093] Among them, l i represents the calculated fault point electrical distance tracing coefficient value of the ith sub-area, Df i Denotes the electrical distance of the positive sequence component fault point in the ith sub-area collected, Dz i Denotes the electrical distance of the zero-sequence component fault point in the ith sub-area collected, Ds i It represents the electrical distance of the fault point in the composite sequence network of the ith sub-area collected.

[0094] S4, comprehensive regional data evaluation step: including a 35kV power fault rapid fault location data analysis unit, which is used to comprehensively analyze the data transmitted by the fault location data analysis step and transmit the analysis results to the real-time feedback warning step.

[0095] In this embodiment, it is specifically required to be explained that: the 35kV power fault fast fault location data analysis unit is used to establish a 35kV power fault fast fault location data calculation model, and the voltage fault warning coefficient value, current fault insight coefficient value, power fault indication coefficient value, traveling wave fault location calibration coefficient value, fault transient spectrum discrimination coefficient value and fault point electrical distance tracking coefficient value transmitted in the fault location data analysis step are introduced into the 35kV power fault fast fault location data calculation model to obtain the power fault location rationality index value. The 35kV power fault fast fault location data calculation model is specifically expressed as:

[0096]

[0097] Among them, FD is the calculated power fault location rationality index value,

[0098] α i represents the calculated voltage fault warning coefficient value of the ith sub-area, β i represents the calculated current fault insight coefficient value of the ith sub-area, χ i represents the calculated power fault indication coefficient value of the ith sub-area, γ i represents the calculated value of the traveling wave fault location calibration coefficient of the ith sub-area, represents the calculated fault transient spectrum discrimination coefficient value of the ith sub-area, l i It represents the calculated fault point electrical distance tracing coefficient value of the i-th sub-area; i represents starting from the i-th number, and n represents ending at the n-th number.

[0099] S5, real-time feedback warning step: used to establish a preset value of the power fault location rationality index, judge the power fault location rationality index value according to the preset value of the power fault location rationality index, and send a corresponding signal according to the judgment result.

[0100] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that: the preset value of the power fault location rationality index is marked as FD def , when FD def <=FD, a normal signal is issued, which indicates that the preset value of the power fault location rationality index is less than or equal to the power fault location rationality index value, indicating that the power fault location situation is relatively reasonable; when FD def >FD, an early warning signal is issued to relevant technical management personnel, which indicates that the preset value of the power fault location rationality index is greater than the power fault location rationality index value, indicating that the power fault location situation is unreasonable.

[0101] Based on the above scheme and attached Figure 3 The embodiment of the present application also discloses a 35kV power fault rapid location system, comprising:

[0102] Data area division module: used to determine the data to be collected as target data, divide the target data into different data sub-areas in an equal area division manner, and mark them as 1, 2, ..., n in sequence;

[0103] Fault location data acquisition module: including an electrical quantity data acquisition unit and a fault characteristic data acquisition unit, which are used to acquire target data in real time and transmit the acquired data to the fault location data analysis module; the electrical quantity data acquisition unit is used to acquire voltage-related data, current-related data and power-related data; the fault characteristic data acquisition unit is used to acquire traveling wave-related data, fault transient spectrum-related data and fault point electrical distance data;

[0104] Fault location data analysis module: including an electrical quantity data analysis unit and a fault characteristic data analysis unit, used to analyze the data transmitted by the fault location data acquisition module, and transmit the analysis results to the comprehensive regional data evaluation module; the electrical quantity data analysis unit includes a voltage-related data analysis node, a current-related data analysis node, and a power-related data analysis node; the fault characteristic data analysis unit includes a traveling wave-related data analysis node, a fault transient spectrum-related data analysis node, and a fault point electrical distance data analysis node;

[0105] Comprehensive regional data evaluation module: including a 35kV power fault rapid fault location data analysis unit, which is used to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the data transmitted by the fault location data analysis module and transmit the analysis results to the real-time feedback warning module;

[0106] Real-time feedback warning module: used to establish a preset value of the power fault location rationality index, judge the power fault location rationality index value according to the preset value of the power fault location rationality index, and send a corresponding signal according to the judgment result.

[0107] The present invention effectively improves the accuracy and practicality of the positioning data by dividing the data of 35kV power fault positioning into various collection areas. By collecting voltage-related data, current-related data, power-related data, traveling wave-related data, fault transient spectrum-related data, and fault point electrical distance data in multiple dimensions, this multi-faceted data collection mode has greatly broken through the limitation of single traditional power fault location data, and provided sufficient and reliable information basis for subsequent rapid and accurate fault location. Through data analysis, the collected data is deeply analyzed, and then the voltage fault warning coefficient value, current fault insight coefficient value, power fault indication coefficient value, traveling wave fault location calibration coefficient value, fault transient spectrum discrimination coefficient value, and fault point electrical distance tracking coefficient value are calculated, clearly pointing out the factors that may affect the fault location effect. By comprehensively evaluating and deeply integrating the data analysis results, the accuracy and efficiency of the positioning scheme are significantly enhanced. Through real-time monitoring and continuous tracking, once positioning deviation or abnormal situation is found, an alarm message will be issued immediately, and relevant staff can quickly know the status and potential fault points of the 35kV power system, and take timely actions to adjust and optimize the fault troubleshooting strategy and repair path, so as to provide strong guarantee for the realization of high-quality 35kV power fault rapid location based on big data and safe and stable power supply.

[0108] Secondly: In the drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, only the structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other;

[0109] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for quickly locating a 35kV power fault, characterized in that: include: S1, data area division step: used to determine the data to be collected as target data, divide the target data into different data sub-areas in an equal area division manner, and mark them as 1, 2, ..., n in sequence; S2, fault location data acquisition step: including an electrical quantity data acquisition unit and a fault characteristic data acquisition unit, which are used to acquire target data in real time and transmit the acquired data to the fault location data analysis step; the electrical quantity data acquisition unit is used to acquire voltage-related data, current-related data and power-related data; the fault characteristic data acquisition unit is used to acquire traveling wave-related data, fault transient spectrum-related data and fault point electrical distance data; S3, fault location data analysis step: including an electrical quantity data analysis unit and a fault characteristic data analysis unit, which are used to analyze the data transmitted in the fault location data acquisition step, and transmit the analysis results to the comprehensive area data evaluation step; the electrical quantity data analysis unit includes a voltage-related data analysis node, a current-related data analysis node, and a power-related data analysis node; the fault characteristic data analysis unit includes a traveling wave-related data analysis node, a fault transient spectrum-related data analysis node, and a fault point electrical distance data analysis node; S4, comprehensive regional data evaluation step: including a 35kV power fault rapid fault location data analysis unit, which is used to comprehensively analyze the data transmitted in the fault location data analysis step and transmit the analysis results to the real-time feedback warning step; S5, real-time feedback warning step: used to establish a preset value of the power fault location rationality index, judge the power fault location rationality index value according to the preset value of the power fault location rationality index, and send a corresponding signal according to the judgment result.

2. A method for quickly locating a 35kV power fault according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage-related data include transient overvoltage peak value Tp, voltage effective value change Cv and three-phase voltage imbalance Tu; the current-related data include transient current rise rate Tr, zero-sequence current effective value Zr and three-phase current imbalance Tc; the power-related data include active power mutation value Mp, reactive power change rate Rp and three-phase apparent power imbalance Tv; the traveling wave-related data include traveling wave head arrival time difference Dw, traveling wave amplitude attenuation rate Dt and traveling wave reflection coefficient Wr; the fault transient spectrum-related data include transient voltage spectrum peak frequency Sf, transient current spectrum bandwidth Bt and transient spectrum energy ratio Er; the fault point electrical distance data include positive sequence component fault point electrical distance Df, zero sequence component fault point electrical distance Dz and composite sequence network fault point electrical distance Ds.

3. A method for quickly locating a 35kV power fault according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage-related data analysis node is used to establish a voltage-related data calculation model, import the voltage-related data transmitted in the fault location data collection step into the voltage-related data calculation model, and obtain a voltage fault warning coefficient value. The voltage-related data calculation model is specifically expressed as: Among them, α i represents the calculated voltage fault warning coefficient value of the ith sub-area, Tp i represents the transient overvoltage peak value of the i-th sub-region collected, σ1 represents the standard deviation of the transient overvoltage peak value of the i-th sub-region, μ1 represents the mean value of the transient overvoltage peak value of the i-th sub-region, Cv i represents the voltage effective value change of the ith sub-region, σ2 represents the standard deviation of the voltage effective value change of the ith sub-region, μ2 represents the mean value of the voltage effective value change of the ith sub-region, Tu i represents the collected three-phase voltage unbalance degree of the i-th sub-area, σ3 represents the standard deviation of the three-phase voltage unbalance degree of the i-th sub-area, μ3 represents the mean value of the three-phase voltage unbalance degree of the i-th sub-area; π represents pi.

4. A method for quickly locating a 35kV power fault according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current-related data analysis node is used to establish a current-related data calculation model, import the current-related data transmitted in the fault location data acquisition step into the current-related data calculation model, and obtain the current fault insight coefficient value. The current-related data calculation model is specifically expressed as: Among them, β i represents the calculated current fault insight coefficient value of the ith sub-area, Tr i represents the transient current rise rate of the i-th sub-area collected, Zr i Indicates the zero-sequence current effective value of the ith sub-area collected, Tc i Indicates the three-phase current unbalance degree of the collected i-th sub-area.

5. A method for quickly locating a 35kV power fault according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power-related data analysis node is used to establish a power-related data calculation model, import the power-related data transmitted in the fault location data collection step into the power-related data calculation model, and obtain a power fault indication coefficient value. The power-related data calculation model is specifically expressed as: Among them, χ i represents the calculated power fault indication coefficient value of the ith sub-area, Mp i Indicates the active power mutation value of the ith sub-area collected, Rp i Indicates the reactive power change rate of the collected i-th sub-area, Tv i It represents the three-phase apparent power imbalance of the collected i-th sub-area.

6. A method for rapid location of 35kV power faults according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traveling wave related data analysis node is used to establish a traveling wave related data calculation model, import the traveling wave related data transmitted in the fault location data acquisition step into the traveling wave related data calculation model, and obtain the traveling wave fault location calibration coefficient value. The traveling wave related data calculation model is specifically expressed as: Among them, γ i represents the calculated value of the traveling wave fault location calibration coefficient of the ith sub-area, Dw i Denotes the arrival time difference of the traveling wave head in the i-th sub-area collected, Dw def Denotes the reference value of the travel wave lossless line propagation time per unit length, Dt i represents the amplitude attenuation rate of the traveling wave in the i-th sub-area collected, Wr i Represents the traveling wave reflection coefficient of the collected i-th sub-area.

7. A method for rapid location of 35kV power faults according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fault transient spectrum related data analysis node is used to establish a fault transient spectrum related data calculation model, import the fault transient spectrum related data transmitted in the fault location data acquisition step into the fault transient spectrum related data calculation model, and obtain the fault transient spectrum discrimination coefficient value. The fault transient spectrum related data calculation model is specifically expressed as: in, represents the calculated fault transient spectrum discrimination coefficient value of the ith sub-area, Sf i Indicates the peak frequency of transient voltage spectrum of the ith sub-area collected, Bt i Indicates the transient current spectrum bandwidth Bt of the i-th sub-area collected, Er i represents the transient spectrum energy ratio of the i-th sub-area collected, and π represents pi.

8. A method for quickly locating a 35kV power fault according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fault point electrical distance data analysis node is used to establish a fault point electrical distance data calculation model, import the fault point electrical distance data transmitted in the fault location data collection step into the fault point electrical distance data calculation model, and obtain the fault point electrical distance tracking coefficient value. The fault point electrical distance data calculation model is specifically expressed as: Among them, l i represents the calculated fault point electrical distance tracing coefficient value of the ith sub-area, Df i Denotes the electrical distance of the positive sequence component fault point in the ith sub-area collected, Dz i Denotes the electrical distance of the zero-sequence component fault point in the ith sub-area collected, Ds i It represents the electrical distance of the fault point in the composite sequence network of the ith sub-area collected.

9. A method for rapid location of 35kV power faults according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 35kV power fault fast fault location data analysis unit is used to establish a 35kV power fault fast fault location data calculation model, and the voltage fault warning coefficient value, current fault insight coefficient value, power fault indication coefficient value, traveling wave fault location calibration coefficient value, fault transient spectrum discrimination coefficient value and fault point electrical distance tracking coefficient value transmitted in the fault location data analysis step are introduced into the 35kV power fault fast fault location data calculation model to obtain the power fault location rationality index value. The 35kV power fault fast fault location data calculation model is specifically expressed as: Among them, FD is the calculated power fault location rationality index value, α i represents the calculated voltage fault warning coefficient value of the ith sub-area, β i represents the calculated current fault insight coefficient value of the ith sub-area, χ i represents the calculated power fault indication coefficient value of the ith sub-area, γ i represents the calculated value of the traveling wave fault location calibration coefficient of the ith sub-area, represents the calculated fault transient spectrum discrimination coefficient value of the ith sub-area, l i It represents the calculated fault point electrical distance tracing coefficient value of the i-th sub-area; i represents starting from the i-th number, and n represents ending at the n-th number.

10. A 35kV power fault rapid location system, used to implement a 35kV power fault rapid location method as described in any one of claims 1 and 9, characterized in that: include: Data area division module: used to determine the data to be collected as target data, divide the target data into different data sub-areas in an equal area division manner, and mark them as 1, 2, ..., n in sequence; Fault location data acquisition module: including an electrical quantity data acquisition unit and a fault characteristic data acquisition unit, which are used to acquire target data in real time and transmit the acquired data to the fault location data analysis module; the electrical quantity data acquisition unit is used to acquire voltage-related data, current-related data and power-related data; the fault characteristic data acquisition unit is used to acquire traveling wave-related data, fault transient spectrum-related data and fault point electrical distance data; Fault location data analysis module: including an electrical quantity data analysis unit and a fault characteristic data analysis unit, used to analyze the data transmitted by the fault location data acquisition module, and transmit the analysis results to the comprehensive regional data evaluation module; the electrical quantity data analysis unit includes a voltage-related data analysis node, a current-related data analysis node, and a power-related data analysis node; the fault characteristic data analysis unit includes a traveling wave-related data analysis node, a fault transient spectrum-related data analysis node, and a fault point electrical distance data analysis node; Comprehensive regional data evaluation module: including a 35kV power fault rapid fault location data analysis unit, which is used to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the data transmitted by the fault location data analysis module and transmit the analysis results to the real-time feedback warning module; Real-time feedback warning module: used to establish a preset value of the power fault location rationality index, judge the power fault location rationality index value according to the preset value of the power fault location rationality index, and send a corresponding signal according to the judgment result.

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