Power grid power failure simulation and analysis system and method based on GIS

Abstract

The invention discloses a power grid power failure simulation and analysis system and method based on a GIS (Geographic Information System), relates to the technical field of power systems, and solves the technical problems that equipment influence and user influence cannot be effectively combined, influence result matching is not accurate enough, and a coping strategy with pertinence and operability is difficult to generate. According to the method, rich and accurate data basis is provided for subsequent analysis by collecting power grid equipment information and historical data, then the connectivity indexes are calculated, accurate evaluation of power grid connectivity changes, timely discovery of power grid weak links and providing basis for power grid maintenance and optimization are facilitated, user influence values are quantified through a scientific method, and the user experience is improved. The comprehensive simulation analysis module combines equipment and user influence and can more comprehensively evaluate power failure influence, generated simulation results and coping strategies can provide decision support for electric power companies and reduce power failure loss, and meanwhile, the simulation analysis output module is convenient for operators to intuitively obtain information and improve working efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric power systems, and in particular to a power grid blackout simulation and analysis system and method based on GIS. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of economy and the continuous progress of society, the demand for electricity continues to grow, the scale of power grid is expanding and the structure is becoming more complex. Various types of power grid equipment such as substations, towers, lines, etc. are widely distributed in different geographical areas. Geographic Information System (GIS) technology has been applied in many fields, providing new ideas for power grid management.

[0003] Prior art document 1 (CN112597624B, application publication date) discloses a distribution network power outage simulation analysis method and system based on equipment topology relationship, including the following steps: obtaining source point equipment information of the planned power outage; performing single-source breadth tracking from the source point equipment on the topological network according to the source point equipment information, and obtaining all power supplies supplying power to the source point equipment and all encountered distribution transformers; performing multi-source tracking from multiple power supplies on the topological network, and obtaining all encountered energized transformers; deleting all energized transformers from multiple distribution transformers, and the remaining ones are de-energized distribution transformers.

[0004] However, some existing power outage simulation and analysis systems lack scientific and efficient methods when determining the power outage simulation area. In the comprehensive simulation and analysis process, they cannot effectively combine the impact of equipment and users, the impact results are not matched accurately, and it is difficult to generate targeted and operational response strategies. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to address the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a GIS-based power grid outage simulation and analysis system and method, which solves the problems of not being able to effectively combine equipment impact and user impact, the impact result matching is not accurate enough, and it is difficult to generate targeted and operational response strategies.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] The present invention provides a GIS-based power grid outage simulation and analysis system, comprising:

[0008] A power grid information acquisition module is used to obtain regional power grid information and transmit the regional power grid information to the simulation area analysis module, wherein the regional power grid information includes power grid equipment information and historical data;

[0009] A simulation area analysis module, including a device impact analysis unit and a user impact analysis unit, is used to determine a buffer area based on regional power grid information;

[0010] The equipment impact analysis unit is used to analyze the equipment impact corresponding to the simulated power outage area;

[0011] The user impact analysis unit is used to analyze the user impact in the buffer area according to the regional power grid information and obtain the user impact value;

[0012] A comprehensive simulation analysis module, used to calculate the power outage impact value of the buffer area according to the acquired connectivity index and user impact value, generate simulation results according to the power outage impact value, and transmit the simulation results to the simulation analysis output unit;

[0013] The simulation analysis output module is used to display the obtained simulation results to the corresponding operators.

[0014] The present invention also provides a GIS-based power outage simulation and analysis method for a power grid, which is a method for using the aforementioned GIS-based power grid outage simulation and analysis system, comprising:

[0015] The power grid information acquisition module obtains regional power grid information, the simulation area analysis module determines the power outage simulation area and the buffer area according to the regional power grid information, the equipment impact analysis unit analyzes the equipment impact in the buffer area, calculates the node connectivity value, the edge connectivity value and the network efficiency value, and calculates the connectivity index according to the node connectivity value, the edge connectivity value and the network efficiency value; the user impact analysis unit analyzes the user impact in the buffer area according to the regional power grid information, and obtains the user impact value corresponding to the buffer area by comprehensively calculating the number of users and the user evaluation value in the buffer area; the comprehensive simulation analysis module calculates the power outage impact value of the buffer area according to the connectivity index and the user impact value, and generates a simulation result; the simulation analysis output module outputs the simulation result.

[0016] Preferably, the specific method of determining the buffer area by the simulation area analysis module is:

[0017] Obtain historical data, and determine the power outage simulation area based on the historical data, build a geospatial database of the power outage simulation area, obtain the power outage power grid equipment corresponding to the simulated power outage area, and determine the impact radius with the power outage power grid equipment as the center, and at the same time obtain the corresponding impact area based on the impact radius, and mark the impact area as a buffer area.

[0018] Preferably, the specific manner in which the equipment impact analysis unit analyzes the equipment impact on the buffer area is:

[0019] Obtain the corresponding power outage power grid equipment in the buffer area and label them as a, where a=1, 2, ..., b, where b represents the total number of power outage power grid equipment. At the same time, determine the power grid propagation path based on the power outage power grid equipment, and mark the propagation path as the path to be analyzed. Calculate the node connectivity value, edge connectivity value and network efficiency value corresponding to the path to be analyzed.

[0020] Preferably, the specific manner in which the device impact analysis unit calculates the node connectivity value is:

[0021] Take each power grid device as a node, obtain the total number of nodes N in the buffer area, select a node in the buffer area from near to far according to the distance between the node and the substation, and delete it, obtain the first largest connected subgraph with the largest number of nodes in the buffer area, record the number of edges of the first largest connected subgraph as n, and calculate the node connectivity Cn of the buffer area, where

[0022] Preferably, the device impact analysis unit calculates the edge connectivity value in the following specific manner:

[0023] Get the total number of edges E in the buffer area, select one edge to delete in turn, perform connectivity analysis on the network after deleting the edge, get the second largest connected subgraph with the largest number of edges in the buffer area, record the number of edges of the second largest connected subgraph as e, and calculate the node connectivity Ce of the buffer area, where

[0024] Preferably, the specific manner in which the device impact analysis unit calculates the network efficiency value is:

[0025] Get the total number of network nodes in the buffer area and record it as K. Calculate the shortest path length between any two nodes and record it as d ij , calculate the network efficiency value P corresponding to the buffer area, where

[0026] Preferably, the specific manner in which the device impact analysis unit calculates the connectivity index is:

[0027] The node connectivity value, the edge connectivity value and the network efficiency value are summed up to obtain a connectivity index, the connectivity index of the path to be analyzed before the power outage is calculated as a normal index, and the connectivity index is compared with the normal index;

[0028] If the connectivity index is less than the normal index, it means that the connectivity of the power grid in the buffer area is reduced. The difference between the connectivity index and the normal index is calculated, and the index difference is calculated; if the connectivity index is equal to the normal index, it means that the connectivity of the power grid in the buffer area remains unchanged, and an unchanged signal is generated.

[0029] Preferably, the specific manner in which the user impact analysis unit analyzes the user impact in the buffer area is:

[0030] Get the users in the buffer area and record them as u, where u = 1, 2, ..., g, where g represents the number of users. Randomly get x users to score the questionnaire, and get the corresponding scores of the users. Calculate the mean of all the scores, and calculate the user influence value Q1 corresponding to the buffer area.

[0031]

[0032] Where a1 and θ are preset proportional coefficients, and H is the mean score value.

[0033] Preferably, the specific manner in which the comprehensive simulation analysis module generates simulation results is:

[0034] The sum of the connectivity index and the user impact value is calculated, the calculated sum is used as the power outage impact value of the buffer area, the impact result of the buffer area is matched according to the power outage impact value, and a simulation result is generated.

[0035] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that, compared with the prior art, the present invention comprehensively collects power grid equipment information and historical data through the power grid information acquisition module, providing a rich and accurate data basis for subsequent analysis. In the equipment impact analysis, the connectivity index is accurately calculated, which helps to accurately evaluate the changes in power grid connectivity and timely discover the weak links in the power grid, providing a basis for power grid maintenance and optimization. The user impact analysis unit quantifies the user impact value through scientific methods, and the comprehensive simulation analysis module combines the equipment and user impacts to more comprehensively evaluate the impact of power outages. The generated simulation results and response strategies can provide decision-making support for power companies and reduce power outage losses. At the same time, the simulation analysis output module facilitates operators to intuitively obtain information and improve work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power grid blackout simulation and analysis system based on GIS in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described in this application are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the spirit of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a GIS-based power grid blackout simulation and analysis system, including: a power grid information acquisition module, a simulation area analysis module, a comprehensive simulation analysis module and a simulation analysis output module, and the above functional modules are unidirectionally electrically connected.

[0039] The power grid information acquisition module is used to obtain regional power grid information and transmit the regional power grid information to the simulation area analysis module, where the regional power grid information includes power grid equipment information and historical data.

[0040] The simulation area analysis module includes a device impact analysis unit and a user impact analysis unit, and analyzes the simulation area based on the acquired regional power grid information.

[0041] The simulation area analysis module determines the corresponding power outage simulation area and constructs the corresponding geospatial database. Then, the corresponding power grid equipment information and historical data in the power outage simulation area are obtained. The power grid equipment information includes the accurate geographical location coordinates of various equipment in the power grid (such as substations, poles, towers, lines, etc.), which is obtained through global positioning system (GPS) measurement or digitization of existing drawings. When constructing the geospatial database, the staff used high-precision GPS equipment to measure the coordinates of the 5 substations, 200 poles, and numerous transmission and distribution lines in the area, and stored the precise location information of these equipment in the database. The historical data includes the time, location, cause, and scope of impact of the power outage.

[0042] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a GIS-based power grid outage simulation and analysis method, including:

[0043] Get the simulated power outage area corresponding to any fault cause in the historical data, and take one of the fault causes as an example for analysis here, then get the power outage power grid equipment corresponding to the simulated power outage area, and determine the impact radius with the power outage power grid equipment as the center, and get the corresponding impact area according to the impact radius. For example, one of the devices is 2km away from the substation. When it is outside the 2km range, the corresponding area is not affected by the current simulated power outage. Therefore, the distance of 2km is used as the impact radius, and the impact area is generated with the substation as the center. The union of the impact areas of each power outage power grid equipment in the simulated power outage area is marked as the buffer area, and then the corresponding equipment impact and user impact in the buffer area are analyzed separately.

[0044] The device impact analysis unit is used to analyze the impact of devices in the buffer area, and the user impact unit is used to analyze the impact of users in the buffer area.

[0045] The equipment impact analysis unit obtains the corresponding power outage grid equipment in the buffer area and marks them as a, and a=1, 2, ..., b, where b represents the total number of power outage grid equipment. At the same time, the power grid propagation path is determined based on the power outage grid equipment, and the propagation path is marked as the path to be analyzed. Based on the power outage grid equipment, the network topology analysis and power flow calculation methods are used to accurately determine the possible paths of power transmission in the power grid. For example, in a local power grid, a substation is used as a power outage grid equipment. Through the power system analysis software, combined with the topological structure and real-time operation data of the power grid, the path from the substation to the surrounding area through multiple transmission lines is determined. One of the paths passes through several towers and other substations and finally reaches an important industrial user area. This path is marked as the path to be analyzed. Then, the connectivity index corresponding to the path to be analyzed is calculated, and each power grid equipment is regarded as a node. The connectivity index includes the node connectivity value, the edge connectivity value and the network efficiency value, and the three are calculated separately.

[0046] The node connectivity value is calculated. The node connectivity is an indicator to measure the connectivity of the network when a node fails. It represents the ratio of the number of nodes in the largest connected subgraph in the remaining network to the number of nodes in the original network after deleting a node:

[0047] Obtain the total number of nodes N corresponding to the buffer area, then select a node in the buffer area in order from near to far according to the distance from the substation, and delete it. At the same time, find the first largest connected subgraph in the buffer area. The first largest connected subgraph is obtained through the power grid topology graph. The first largest connected subgraph represents the connected subgraph with the largest number of corresponding nodes, and obtain the number of edges of the first largest connected subgraph as n. Then substitute the obtained parameters into the formula The node connectivity Cn of the buffer area is calculated.

[0048] In Example 3, assume that there is a power grid system, in which there are 10 nodes in a specific buffer area. First, determine the total number of nodes N = 10, and then start to delete nodes one by one and analyze connectivity. For example, after deleting the first node, after connectivity analysis, it is found that the largest connected subgraph among the remaining nodes has 7 nodes, and the number of edges of this connected subgraph is 12. At this time, record n ​​= 12, and then continue to delete the second node, and repeat the above process until all nodes have been deleted and analyzed once;

[0049] Finally, assume that after analyzing all nodes, the number of edges obtained is different, but taking the first analysis as an example, substituting ne=12 and N=10 into the formula, the node connectivity is calculated to be 1.2.

[0050] The edge connectivity value is calculated as follows: Specifically, the edge connectivity is an indicator to measure the connectivity of the network when an edge fails. It indicates the ratio of the number of edges of the largest connected subgraph in the remaining network to the number of edges of the original network after deleting an edge:

[0051] Get the total number of edges E in the buffer area, select one edge to delete in turn, perform connectivity analysis on the network after deleting the edge, and obtain the second largest connected subgraph in the buffer area. The second largest connected subgraph represents the connected subgraph with the largest number of edges in the buffer area. Determine the number of edges e of the second largest connected subgraph, and then substitute the obtained parameters into the formula The node connectivity Ce of the buffer area is calculated.

[0052] The network efficiency value is calculated as follows: the specific network efficiency is an indicator to measure the efficiency of information transmission in the network, and can also be used to reflect the connectivity of the power grid. It is defined as the average value of the sum of the reciprocals of the shortest path lengths between any two nodes in the network:

[0053] Get the total number of network nodes in the buffer area and record it as K. Then calculate the shortest path length between any two nodes and record it as d ij , further according to the formula The network efficiency value P corresponding to the buffer area is calculated, where the higher the network efficiency, the tighter the connection between nodes in the power grid, the higher the information transmission efficiency, and the better the connectivity.

[0054] In Embodiment 4, a specific buffer area is set, in which the network node set K = {A, B, C}, and the shortest path length between the nodes is calculated, d AB =2,d AC =3,d AD =4,d BC =1,d BD =3,d CD =2, so the corresponding network efficiency value is calculated according to the formula

[0055] Then, the calculated node connectivity value, edge connectivity value and network efficiency value are summed to obtain the connectivity index. Similarly, the connectivity index of the path to be analyzed before the power outage is calculated as the normal index, and the connectivity index is compared with the normal index.

[0056] If the connectivity index is less than the normal index, it means that the connectivity of the power grid in the buffer area is reduced. The difference between the connectivity index and the normal index is calculated, and the index difference is calculated; if the connectivity index is equal to the normal index, it means that the connectivity of the power grid in the buffer area remains unchanged, and an unchanged signal is generated.

[0057] The user impact analysis unit is used to analyze the user impact in the buffer area according to the regional power grid information, and obtain the user impact value corresponding to the buffer area by comprehensively calculating the number of users and user evaluation values ​​in the buffer area. The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0058] Get the users in the buffer area and record them as u, where u = 1, 2, ..., g, where g represents the number of users. Then randomly get x users to score the questionnaire and get the corresponding scores of the users. At the same time, calculate the mean of all the scores. Then substitute the mean score and the number of users into the formula The user influence value Q1 corresponding to the buffer area is calculated, where a1 and θ are preset proportional coefficients, H is the mean score value, and the specific value is set by the operator;

[0059] Then the obtained connectivity index and user impact value are transmitted to the comprehensive simulation analysis module.

[0060] The comprehensive simulation analysis module is used to calculate the power outage impact value of the buffer area according to the obtained connectivity index and user impact value, and the specific calculation method is:

[0061] The sum of the connectivity index and the user impact value is calculated, and the calculated sum is used as the power outage impact value of the buffer area. The specific calculation method of the power outage impact value is: power outage impact value = connectivity index + user impact value. Then, the buffer area is matched with the impact result according to the obtained power outage impact value, and the simulation result is generated; it is assumed that the impact result matching library stipulates that when the power outage impact value is between 1-1.5, the corresponding impact result is described as "the load of some connected lines of the power grid increases, users have a certain degree of economic losses, the convenience of life decreases significantly, and some industrial production is affected." At the same time, the response strategy given is "give priority to restoring power supply to key nodes, provide temporary power generation equipment support to industrial users who are more affected, and issue power outage notices in a timely manner to appease residential users.

[0062] If the power outage impact value is less than 1, for example, 0.5, the corresponding impact result is described as: "There is a slight fluctuation in the local power grid, the economic loss to users is small, the convenience of life is slightly reduced, and small business activities are temporarily interrupted." The response strategy can be: "Quickly check for hidden faults, adjust power distribution through the intelligent dispatching system, and provide power restoration time estimates to affected small business users."

[0063] When the power outage impact value is greater than 1.5, for example, 2, the impact result is described as: "Serious load imbalance occurs in many lines of the power grid, users face large economic losses, life is seriously inconvenient, and industrial production is stagnant on a large scale." The response strategy is: "Initiate emergency power repair plans, mobilize multiple professional repair teams to work simultaneously, provide emergency power generation guarantees for key support units such as hospitals and communication hubs, and promptly inform all sectors of society of the progress of repairs and the estimated time for power restoration."

[0064] The impact results are further matched according to different power outage fault causes in the historical data, and simulation results are generated and transmitted to the simulation analysis output module.

[0065] A simulation analysis output module is used to display the simulation results to the corresponding operators.

[0066] Meanwhile, the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0067] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical method of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical method of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical method of the present invention.

[0068] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that, compared with the prior art, the present invention comprehensively collects power grid equipment information and historical data through the power grid information acquisition module, providing a rich and accurate data basis for subsequent analysis. In the equipment impact analysis, the connectivity index is accurately calculated, which helps to accurately evaluate the changes in power grid connectivity and timely discover the weak links in the power grid, providing a basis for power grid maintenance and optimization. The user impact analysis unit quantifies the user impact value through scientific methods, and the comprehensive simulation analysis module combines the equipment and user impacts to more comprehensively evaluate the impact of power outages. The generated simulation results and response strategies can provide decision-making support for power companies and reduce power outage losses. At the same time, the simulation analysis output module facilitates operators to intuitively obtain information and improve work efficiency.

[0069] The present disclosure may be a system, a method and / or a computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable program instructions for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0070] A computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible device that can hold and store instructions used by an instruction execution device. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical encoding device, such as a punch card or a raised structure in a groove on which instructions are stored, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. As used herein, a computer-readable storage medium is not to be interpreted as a transient signal per se, such as a radio wave or other freely propagating electromagnetic wave, an electromagnetic wave propagating through a waveguide or other transmission medium (e.g., a light pulse through a fiber optic cable), or an electrical signal transmitted through a wire.

[0071] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to each computing / processing device, or downloaded to an external computer or external storage device via a network, such as the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and / or a wireless network. The network can include copper transmission cables, optical fiber transmissions, wireless transmissions, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. The network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions for storage in the computer-readable storage medium in each computing / processing device.

[0072] The computer program instructions for performing the operation of the present disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages, such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages, such as "C" language or similar programming languages. Computer-readable program instructions may be executed completely on a user's computer, partially on a user's computer, as an independent software package, partially on a user's computer, partially on a remote computer, or completely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., using an Internet service provider to connect via the Internet). In some embodiments, an electronic circuit, such as a programmable logic circuit, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a programmable logic array (PLA), may be customized by utilizing the state information of the computer-readable program instructions, and the electronic circuit may execute the computer-readable program instructions, thereby realizing various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A GIS-based power outage simulation and analysis system, characterized in that: include: A power grid information acquisition module is used to obtain regional power grid information and transmit the regional power grid information to the simulation area analysis module, wherein the regional power grid information includes power grid equipment information and historical data; A simulation area analysis module, including a device impact analysis unit and a user impact analysis unit, is used to determine a buffer area based on regional power grid information; The equipment impact analysis unit is used to analyze the equipment impact corresponding to the simulated power outage area; The user impact analysis unit is used to analyze the user impact in the buffer area according to the regional power grid information and obtain the user impact value; A comprehensive simulation analysis module, used to calculate the power outage impact value of the buffer area according to the acquired connectivity index and user impact value, generate simulation results according to the power outage impact value, and transmit the simulation results to the simulation analysis output unit; The simulation analysis output module is used to display the obtained simulation results to the corresponding operators.

2. A method for simulating and analyzing a power outage based on GIS, the method being a method for using a system for simulating and analyzing a power outage based on GIS as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include: The power grid information acquisition module obtains regional power grid information, the simulation area analysis module determines the power outage simulation area and the buffer area according to the regional power grid information, the equipment impact analysis unit analyzes the equipment impact in the buffer area, calculates the node connectivity value, the edge connectivity value and the network efficiency value, and calculates the connectivity index according to the node connectivity value, the edge connectivity value and the network efficiency value; the user impact analysis unit analyzes the user impact in the buffer area according to the regional power grid information, and obtains the user impact value corresponding to the buffer area by comprehensively calculating the number of users and the user evaluation value in the buffer area; the comprehensive simulation analysis module calculates the power outage impact value of the buffer area according to the connectivity index and the user impact value, and generates a simulation result; The simulation analysis output module outputs the simulation results.

3. The GIS-based power outage simulation and analysis method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific method of determining the buffer area by the simulation area analysis module is: Obtain historical data, and determine the power outage simulation area based on the historical data, build a geospatial database of the power outage simulation area, obtain the power outage power grid equipment corresponding to the simulated power outage area, and determine the impact radius with the power outage power grid equipment as the center, and at the same time obtain the corresponding impact area based on the impact radius, and mark the impact area as a buffer area.

4. The GIS-based power outage simulation and analysis method according to claim 3 is characterized by: The specific manner in which the equipment impact analysis unit analyzes the equipment impact on the buffer area is: Obtain the corresponding power outage power grid equipment in the buffer area and label them as a, where a=1, 2, ..., b, where b represents the total number of power outage power grid equipment. At the same time, determine the power grid propagation path based on the power outage power grid equipment, and mark the propagation path as the path to be analyzed. Calculate the node connectivity value, edge connectivity value and network efficiency value corresponding to the path to be analyzed.

5. The GIS-based power outage simulation and analysis method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The specific method for the device impact analysis unit to calculate the node connectivity value is: Take each power grid device as a node, obtain the total number of nodes N in the buffer area, select a node in the buffer area from near to far according to the distance between the node and the substation, and delete it, obtain the first largest connected subgraph with the largest number of nodes in the buffer area, record the number of edges of the first largest connected subgraph as n, and calculate the node connectivity Cn of the buffer area, where 6. The GIS-based power outage simulation and analysis method according to claim 5 is characterized by: The specific method for the device impact analysis unit to calculate the edge connectivity value is: Get the total number of edges E in the buffer area, select one edge to delete in turn, perform connectivity analysis on the network after deleting the edge, get the second largest connected subgraph with the largest number of edges in the buffer area, record the number of edges of the second largest connected subgraph as e, and calculate the node connectivity Ce of the buffer area, where 7. The GIS-based power outage simulation and analysis method according to claim 6 is characterized by: The specific method for the device impact analysis unit to calculate the network efficiency value is: Get the total number of network nodes in the buffer area and record it as K. Calculate the shortest path length between any two nodes and record it as d ij , calculate the network efficiency value P corresponding to the buffer area, where 8. The GIS-based power outage simulation and analysis method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific method for the device impact analysis unit to calculate the connectivity index is: The node connectivity value, the edge connectivity value and the network efficiency value are summed up to obtain a connectivity index, the connectivity index of the path to be analyzed before the power outage is calculated as a normal index, and the connectivity index is compared with the normal index; If the connectivity index is less than the normal index, it means that the connectivity of the power grid in the buffer area is reduced. The difference between the connectivity index and the normal index is calculated, and the index difference is calculated; if the connectivity index is equal to the normal index, it means that the connectivity of the power grid in the buffer area remains unchanged, and an unchanged signal is generated.

9. The GIS-based power outage simulation and analysis method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific method of analyzing the user impact in the buffer area of ​​the user impact analysis unit is as follows: Get the users in the buffer area and record them as u, where u = 1, 2, ..., g, where g represents the number of users. Randomly get x users to score the questionnaire, and get the corresponding scores of the users. Calculate the mean of all the scores, and calculate the user influence value Q1 corresponding to the buffer area. Where a1 and θ are preset proportional coefficients, and H is the mean score value.

10. The GIS-based power outage simulation and analysis method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The specific method for the comprehensive simulation analysis module to generate simulation results is: The sum of the connectivity index and the user impact value is calculated, the calculated sum is used as the power outage impact value of the buffer area, the impact result of the buffer area is matched according to the power outage impact value, and a simulation result is generated.

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