Contact structure and vacuum circuit breaker

Abstract

The invention relates to a contact structure and a vacuum circuit breaker. The contact structure comprises a contact cup which is provided with an accommodating cavity; the contact blade is arranged above the accommodating cavity in a covering manner and is in contact with the contact cup; the deformation part is located in the containing cavity and connected to the contact cup, the deformation part has an initial state and a deformation state, when the deformation part is in the initial state, a preset distance exists between the deformation part and the contact piece, and when the deformation part is in the deformation state, the deformation part can abut against the contact piece; wherein the deformation part can be switched from an initial state to a deformation state after the temperature rise reaches a temperature threshold value or above, and can be switched from the deformation state to the initial state after the temperature reduction reaches a temperature threshold value or below. Thus, when the deformation part abuts against the contact piece, the heat transfer path is increased, the heat dissipation efficiency of the contact structure is improved, meanwhile, the deformation part can support the contact piece, and damage caused by large deformation of the contact cup when the vacuum circuit breaker is closed is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vacuum switches, and in particular to a contact structure and a vacuum circuit breaker. Background Art

[0002] In the distribution network, the switchgear plays a control or protection function. Therefore, the switchgear is an important device that must be used in the circuit, and it plays the role of closing and breaking the circuit. In recent years, due to the obvious advantages of vacuum circuit breakers such as strong breaking capacity, environmental protection and no explosion hazard, small contact gap, and extremely high electrical life, it has occupied an overwhelming position in the application of medium voltage field.

[0003] Vacuum circuit breakers have the advantages of being green, environmentally friendly, having a long service life, and occupying less space. Vacuum circuit breakers can be widely used in the field of medium and low voltage, and are gradually developing towards high voltage levels and large currents. Vacuum circuit breakers include at least a moving contact and a stationary contact. The closing and opening operations of vacuum circuit breakers are completed by closing or separating a pair of opposing contacts (moving and stationary contacts) inside the vacuum circuit breaker through an operating mechanism located outside the vacuum circuit breaker.

[0004] On the one hand, when the arc burns, the temperature of the contact piece rises, and the heat can only be dissipated by conducting heat through the contact part between the contact cup and the contact piece, so the heat dissipation efficiency is low. In addition, in the case of high current, the high temperature accumulation is easy to cause the contact piece to melt and splash, making it difficult to complete the breaking, and causing irreversible damage to the contact piece. Therefore, the heat dissipation problem of vacuum circuit breakers is one of the bottlenecks for the development of vacuum circuit breakers to high voltage levels and high currents.

[0005] On the other hand, during the reclosing process, that is, the contact cup re-merges, if the support force provided by the contact cup exceeds its tolerance, the rigid material is forced to deform greatly, which can easily cause irreversible damage to the contact cup. As a result, the current high-voltage, high-current vacuum circuit breakers have poor heat dissipation capacity and excessive impact force on the contact cup when the contacts are re-closed, causing damage. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a contact structure and a vacuum circuit breaker to address the problems of poor heat dissipation capacity and easy wear and replacement of contact cups in current high-voltage, high-current vacuum circuit breakers. The contact structure and the vacuum circuit breaker can increase the heat transfer path when the temperature rises, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the contact structure. At the same time, it can also avoid damage to the contact cup due to large deformation when the vacuum circuit breaker is closed, thereby ensuring the performance of the contact structure.

[0007] A contact structure, comprising:

[0008] A contact cup, wherein the contact cup has a receiving cavity;

[0009] a contact sheet, which is disposed above the accommodating cavity and contacts the contact cup; and

[0010] A deformation component is located in the accommodating cavity and connected to the contact cup, wherein the deformation component has an initial state and a deformation state, when the deformation component is in the initial state, there is a preset distance between the deformation component and the contact piece, and when the deformation component is in the deformation state, the deformation component can abut against the contact piece;

[0011] The deformation component can be switched from an initial state to a deformation state after the temperature rise reaches above a temperature threshold, and can be switched from a deformation state to an initial state after the temperature drops below the temperature threshold.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present application, the deformation component includes a connecting portion and a supporting portion, the connecting portion is connected to the contact cup and extends toward the contact sheet, and the supporting portion is arranged on the connecting portion and has a preset spacing with the contact sheet;

[0013] After the deformable component is heated, the support portion can abut against the contact piece.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present application, the support portion is arranged in a circular shape, and the connecting portion is arranged in a ring shape;

[0015] The annular edge on one side of the connecting portion is connected to the peripheral side of the supporting portion, and the annular edge on the other side is connected to the contact cup.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present application, the number of the connecting portion is one, and the connecting portion supports and connects the supporting portion and the contact cup;

[0017] Alternatively, there are multiple connecting parts, and the multiple connecting parts are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the connecting part, and each of the connecting parts supports and connects the supporting part and the contact cup.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present application, the longitudinal cross-section of the connecting portion is arc-shaped;

[0019] Alternatively, the connecting portion has at least one bent portion in the longitudinal direction.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present application, the deformation component is made of shape memory alloy material;

[0021] And / or, the deformation component is an integral structure.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present application, the contact structure is applied to a vacuum circuit breaker;

[0023] The deformation amount of the deformation component is adapted to the breaking level of the vacuum circuit breaker and the temperature threshold value actually measured corresponding to the breaking level;

[0024] The deformation amount of the deformable component is adjusted by the curvature of the deformable component and / or the material of the deformable component.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present application, the contact structure further comprises an iron core, the iron core is located in the accommodating cavity and connected to the contact cup, and the deformation component is connected to the iron core;

[0026] And / or, the contact structure further includes a guide rod, which is disposed at an end of the contact cup away from the contact sheet and is electrically connected to the contact cup.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present application, the outer wall of the contact cup has a plurality of spiral grooves arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of spiral grooves penetrate the contact cup in the radial direction and are connected to the accommodating cavity;

[0028] The helix angle of the spiral groove ranges from 30° to 75°, and / or the contact cup further includes a plurality of connecting grooves, each of which is arranged at an end of the spiral groove away from the contact piece, and the connecting groove penetrates the contact cup axially and radially.

[0029] A vacuum circuit breaker comprises an operating mechanism and a vacuum interrupter, wherein the vacuum interrupter comprises two contact structures as described in any one of the above technical features;

[0030] One of the two contact structures is a stationary contact and the other is a moving contact;

[0031] The operating mechanism is arranged outside the vacuum interrupter and is used to make the moving contact contact or separate relative to the static contact, so as to close or open the vacuum circuit breaker.

[0032] After adopting the above technical solution, this application has at least the following technical effects:

[0033] The contact structure and vacuum circuit breaker of the present application, in the contact structure, the deformation component is located in the accommodating cavity of the contact cup and contacts the contact cup, and the contact sheet can be covered on the upper part of the accommodating cavity and contacts the contact cup. When the heat of the contact structure reaches above the temperature threshold, the deformation component can be in the initial state, and there is a preset distance between the deformation component and the contact sheet. When the heat of the contact structure reaches below the temperature threshold, the deformation component can be in a deformed state, the deformation component can be deformed, and abut against the contact sheet.

[0034] The contact structure switches between the initial state and the deformed state according to the temperature change through the deformable component. When the temperature of the contact structure rises, the deformable component is in the deformed state and abuts against the contact piece, increasing the heat transfer path, improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the contact structure, avoiding damage to the contact piece, and facilitating the application of the contact structure in high-current vacuum circuit breakers. At the same time, the deformable component can also support the contact piece, avoiding the contact cup from being damaged due to large deformation when the vacuum circuit breaker is closed, and ensuring the performance of the contact structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a contact structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An exploded schematic diagram of the contact structure is shown.

[0037] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the layout of the two contact structures.

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The contact structure shown is a cross-sectional view in an initial state.

[0039] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the contact structure at point A is shown.

[0040] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The contact structure shown is a cross-sectional view in a deformed state.

[0041] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of the contact structure at point B is shown.

[0042] Figure 8 for Figure 4 Heat transfer path diagram of the contact structure shown.

[0043] Fig. 9 for Figure 6 Heat transfer path diagram of the contact structure shown.

[0044] Fig.10 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the deformable components in the contact structure shown.

[0045] Fig.11 for Fig.10 A cross-sectional view of the deformable component is shown.

[0046] Fig.12 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the contact cup in the contact structure shown.

[0047] Among them: 100, contact structure; 110, contact cup; 111, accommodating chamber; 112, cup wall; 113, base; 114, spiral groove; 115, connecting groove; 120, contact piece; 130, deformation component; 131, connecting part; 132, supporting part; 140, iron core; 150, guide rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0049] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0050] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0051] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "on" or "below" a second feature, etc., or the like, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0053] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0054] It is understandable that vacuum circuit breakers play the role of closing and opening circuits. Vacuum circuit breakers can be widely used in the field of medium and low voltage, and are gradually developing towards high voltage levels and large currents. When the arc burns in the vacuum circuit breaker, the temperature of the contact piece rises, and it can only rely on the contact part between the contact cup and the contact piece to conduct heat for heat dissipation, so the heat dissipation efficiency is low. In addition, in the case of high current, the high temperature accumulation can easily cause the contact piece to melt and splash, making it difficult to complete the opening, and causing irreversible damage to the contact piece.

[0055] At the same time, in the contact design, the spiral angle of the groove on the wall of the contact cup increases, and the mechanical strength of the contact cup decreases. During the reclosing process, that is, the process of the contact cup remerging, if the support force provided by the contact cup exceeds its tolerance range, the rigid material is forced to deform significantly, which can easily cause irreversible damage to the contact cup. As a result, the current high-voltage, high-current vacuum circuit breakers have poor heat dissipation capacity and excessive impact force on the contact cup when the contacts are reclosed, causing damage.

[0056] For this purpose, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the present application provides a new type of contact structure 100 . Figure 1 is a three-dimensional diagram of a contact structure 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the exploded view of the contact structure 100 is shown. The contact structure 100 is applied in a vacuum circuit breaker.

[0057] The vacuum circuit breaker is a switching device (protective device) in the power system. The contact structure 100 is the core component of the vacuum circuit breaker. The vacuum circuit breaker is closed or opened through the contact structure 100 to disconnect or connect the current in the circuit to protect electrical equipment and provide safe operation of the power system.

[0058] In order to better illustrate the specific structure of the contact structure 100, the structure of the vacuum circuit breaker is briefly introduced here. The vacuum circuit breaker includes an operating mechanism and a vacuum interrupter, and the vacuum interrupter includes at least two contact structures 100 in the present application. The two contact structures 100 are arranged opposite to each other. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the layout of two contact structures 100 .

[0059] Among the two contact structures 100, one is a moving contact and the other is a stationary contact. The circuit is disconnected at the moving contact and the stationary contact, and the moving contact and the stationary contact are respectively connected to the two ends of the disconnected circuit. When the moving contact contacts the moving contact, the vacuum circuit breaker is closed, and at this time, the circuit is turned on and current can pass through.

[0060] When the moving contact is separated from the stationary contact, the vacuum circuit breaker is disconnected. At this time, the circuit is disconnected and no current flows. The operating mechanism is located outside the vacuum interrupter. The operating mechanism can make the moving contact contact or separate from the stationary contact, thereby realizing the closing or opening of the vacuum circuit breaker.

[0061] It is understandable that when the vacuum circuit breaker is disconnected, the moving contact will generate a certain temperature rise (heat) at the moment when it is separated from the static contact. When the vacuum circuit breaker is completely disconnected, the temperature rise will accumulate to the highest value, and the moving contact and the static contact can conduct heat to reduce the temperature of the moving contact and the static contact.

[0062] It is worth noting that, in one embodiment of the present application, the structures of the moving contact and the stationary contact are the same, both of which are the contact structure 100 of the present application. Figure 3 Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, the moving contact and the stationary contact may be different, one of which is the contact structure 100 of the present application, and the other is a traditional contact.

[0063] It should be noted that the focus of this application is on the structure of the contact structure 100 and its heat transfer. The path for the contact structure 100 to transfer current will not be described in detail later. The structure and working principle of the vacuum circuit breaker will not be described in detail later.

[0064] The present application is only described by taking the contact structure 100 of the present application as an example in which both the moving contact and the stationary contact are the moving contact and the stationary contact. Moreover, the structures of the moving contact and the stationary contact are substantially the same. The present application is only described by taking the contact structure 100 instead of the moving contact and the stationary contact.

[0065] The contact structure 100 of the present application can increase the heat transfer path when the temperature rises, improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the contact structure 100, and at the same time, can prevent the contact cup 110 from being damaged due to large deformation when the vacuum circuit breaker is closed, thereby ensuring the performance of the contact structure 100. The specific structure of the contact structure 100 of an embodiment is introduced below.

[0066] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 7 In one embodiment, the contact structure 100 includes a contact cup 110, a contact sheet 120 and a deformable component 130. The contact cup 110 has a receiving cavity 111. The contact sheet 120 is covered above the receiving cavity 111 and contacts the contact cup 110. The deformable component 130 is located in the receiving cavity 111 and connected to the contact cup 110. The deformable component 130 has an initial state and a deformed state. When the deformable component 130 is in the initial state, there is a preset distance between the deformable component 130 and the contact sheet 120. When the deformable component 130 is in the deformed state, the deformable component 130 can abut against the contact sheet 120.

[0067] The deformation component 130 can switch from the initial state to the deformation state after the temperature rise reaches above the temperature threshold, and can switch from the deformation state to the initial state after the temperature drops below the temperature threshold. Figure 4 for Figure 1 The contact structure 100 is shown in a cross-sectional view in an initial state. Figure 5 for Figure 4 The contact structure 100 is shown in a partially enlarged view at A. Figure 6 for Figure 1 The cross-sectional view of the contact structure 100 shown is in a deformed state, Figure 7 for Figure 6 The contact structure 100 is shown in a partially enlarged view at point B.

[0068] The contact cup 110 is a component for connecting the contact structure 100 with the circuit, and the contact piece 120 is arranged at one end of the contact cup 110 away from the circuit, that is, the contact piece 120 is located above the contact cup 110, and the contact piece 120 can contact the contact cup 110. When the vacuum circuit breaker is closed, the contact pieces 120 of the two contact structures 100 are in contact. At this time, the contact piece 120 and the contact cup 110 can conduct electricity.

[0069] Furthermore, the contact cup 110 is hollow, and the hollow cavity of the contact cup 110 is a receiving cavity 111, and the iron core 140 (mentioned later) and other components are received through the receiving cavity 111. The contact cup 110 includes an annular cup wall 112 and a base 113, and the cup wall 112 is disposed on the base 113, and the receiving cavity 111 is surrounded by the base 113.

[0070] The heat of the contact structure 100 is transferred through the contact sheet 120, the cup wall 112 and the base 113 of the contact cup 110, and the guide rod 150 (mentioned later). Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The directions shown are used as references, and the up and down directions are the axial direction, top and bottom direction, and height direction of the contact structure 100 , which will not be described in detail below.

[0071] It can be understood that when the two contact structures 100 of the vacuum circuit breaker are just opened, the temperature rise of the contact structure 100 is small. At this time, the heat can be transferred to the contact piece 120, and then conducted to the contact cup 110 through the contact piece 120, thereby achieving heat dissipation of the contact structure 100 and ensuring the performance of the contact structure 100.

[0072] When the two contact structures 100 of the vacuum circuit breaker are completely disconnected, the accumulated temperature rise of the contact structure 100 will reach the maximum value. At this time, the heat can be transferred to the contact piece 120 and then conducted to the contact cup 110 through the contact piece 120. However, the heat transfer path of the contact piece 120 and the contact cup 110 alone cannot effectively dissipate the heat of the contact structure 100, which will cause damage to the contact piece 120.

[0073] To this end, the present application adds a deformation component 130 to the contact cup 110. The deformation component 130 is located in the accommodating cavity 111 and contacts the base 113 of the contact cup 110. The deformation component 130 has an initial state and a deformation state. When the deformation component 130 is in the initial state, there is a preset distance between the top of the deformation component 130 and the bottom of the contact piece 120, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown.

[0074] Exemplarily, the size of the preset spacing is 1 mm. It is worth noting that the preset spacing between the deformation component 130 and the bottom of the contact piece 120 must be determined in combination with the temperature rise under actual current as a specific experiment. The above is only an example of the preset spacing. The preset spacing of the vacuum circuit breaker under different working conditions can also be other.

[0075] At this time, the deformable component 130 does not contact the contact piece 120. When the contact piece 120 is in the deformed state, the contact piece 120 can be deformed upward, the top of the deformable component 130 contacts the bottom of the contact piece 120, and there is no gap between the deformable component 130 and the contact piece 120. Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown.

[0076] Furthermore, the deformable component 130 can switch between the initial state and the deformed state when subjected to temperature changes. When the temperature of the contact structure 100 is below the temperature threshold, the deformable component 130 remains in the initial state, and the deformable component 130 does not contact the bottom of the contact sheet 120 .

[0077] When the temperature rise of the contact structure 100 reaches above the temperature threshold, the deformable component 130 can switch from the initial state to the deformed state, and the deformable component 130 can abut against the bottom of the contact piece 120. At this time, after the deformable component 130 is deformed, the heat dissipation path of the contact structure 100 can be increased, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the contact structure 100.

[0078] When the temperature of the contact piece 120 drops below the temperature threshold, the deformable component 130 can switch from the deformed state to the initial state, and the deformable component 130 can be separated from the bottom of the contact piece 120. It is worth noting that the temperature threshold is set according to the specific structure of the vacuum circuit breaker, and the specific numerical range of the temperature threshold is not repeated here.

[0079] The state of the deformation component 130 is described below in conjunction with the opening or closing of the circuit breaker.

[0080] When the circuit breaker is just opened, the temperature rise of the contact structure 100 is low and has not reached the temperature threshold, that is, the heat in the contact structure 100 is small, the deformable component 130 is in the initial state, and the deformable component 130 will not deform. At this time, the heat of the contact structure 100 is conducted through the contact sheet 120 via the cup wall 112 of the contact cup 110 to the base 113 of the contact cup 110 via the guide rod 150.

[0081] Furthermore, since the deformation component 130 does not deform, the deformation component 130 can maintain a preset distance from the bottom of the contact piece 120, that is, the deformation component 130 does not contact the bottom of the contact piece 120. This will not affect the generation of the longitudinal magnetic field of the contact cup 110, and will not hinder the role of the longitudinal magnetic field in promoting uniform diffusion of the arc, which is beneficial to the disconnection of the vacuum circuit breaker.

[0082] After the vacuum circuit breaker is disconnected, the accumulated temperature rise of the contact structure 100 reaches the maximum value, that is, there is more heat in the contact structure 100, and the deformable component 130 switches from the initial state to the deformed state after being heated. After the deformed component 130 is deformed, it can move upward and contact the bottom of the contact piece 120. At this time, the heat of the contact structure 100 is transferred to the base 113 of the contact cup 110 and the guide rod 150 through the contact piece 120 and the cup wall 112 of the contact cup 110.

[0083] At the same time, since the deformable component 130 is in contact with the bottom of the contact piece 120, the heat of the contact structure 100 is also conducted through the contact piece 120 via the deformable component 130 to the base 113 of the contact cup 110. That is, after the deformable component 130 is deformed, the heat dissipation path of the contact structure 100 can be increased, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the contact structure 100.

[0084] Moreover, even if the current of the vacuum circuit breaker is large, the deformation component 130 can increase the heat dissipation path of the contact structure 100, reduce the temperature of the contact piece 120, avoid heat accumulation at the contact piece 120, and further avoid the contact piece 120 from splashing, so that the vacuum circuit breaker can perform the breaking operation, avoid damage to the contact piece 120, and ensure the performance of the contact piece 120.

[0085] When the vacuum circuit breaker is closed again, the mechanical strength of the contact cup 110 decreases, and when the supporting force provided by the contact cup 110 exceeds its bearing range, the contact cup 110 will deform, causing damage to the contact cup 110. The deformable component 130 of the present application can abut against the contact sheet 120 when deformed, and the deformable component 130 can provide supporting force for the contact sheet 120.

[0086] When the vacuum circuit breaker is disconnected and the two contact structures 100 are re-contacted and closed, the contact pieces 120 of the two contact structures 100 will touch each other, and the deformation component 130 can provide support for the contact pieces 120. At this time, the deformation component 130 can disperse the impact force of the contact cup 110 on the cup wall 112 of the contact cup 110, thereby preventing the cup wall 112 of the contact cup 110 from being damaged due to excessive pressure, thereby ensuring the performance of the contact cup 110.

[0087] When the contact structure 100 contacts again, the deformable component 130 remains in contact with the contact piece 120 to increase the heat transfer path. After a period of heat dissipation, the temperature of the contact structure 100 drops below the temperature threshold, and the deformable component 130 gradually deforms and separates from the contact piece 120, returning to the initial state, without affecting the next breaking performance of the vacuum circuit breaker.

[0088] contrast Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , Figure 8 for Figure 4 The heat transfer path diagram of the contact structure 100 is shown in FIG. Fig. 9 for Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a heat transfer path of the contact structure 100. When the deformation component 130 does not contact the contact sheet 120, Figure 8 The contact structure 100 shown has only one heat transfer path, as indicated by the solid arrow, where the contact piece 120 transfers heat to the guide rod 150 through the cup wall 112 of the contact cup 110 and the base 113 of the contact cup 110 , and dissipates heat.

[0089] After the deformation component 130 contacts the contact piece 120, Fig. 9 There are two heat transfer paths in the contact structure 100 shown, as indicated by solid arrows. One heat transfer path is for the contact piece 120 to transfer heat to the base 113 of the contact cup 110 via the cup wall 112 of the contact cup 110, and the other heat transfer path is for the contact piece 120 to transfer heat to the guide rod 150 (which will not be mentioned later) via the deformation component 130 and the base 113 of the contact cup 110, thereby increasing the heat transfer paths and improving the heat transfer efficiency. Fig. 9 In the embodiment, the deformation component 130 can also support the contact piece 120. Fig. 9 Shown by the dashed arrow.

[0090] The contact structure 100 of the above embodiment switches between the initial state and the deformed state according to the temperature change through the deformable component 130. When the temperature of the contact structure 100 rises, the deformable component 130 is in the deformed state and abuts against the contact piece 120, increasing the heat transfer path, improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the contact structure 100, and avoiding damage to the contact piece 120, which is conducive to the application of the contact structure 100 in a vacuum circuit breaker with a large current. At the same time, the deformable component 130 can also support the contact piece 120, avoiding the contact cup 110 from being damaged due to large deformation when the vacuum circuit breaker is closed, and ensuring the performance of the contact structure 100.

[0091] See also Fig.10 and Fig.11 In one embodiment, the deformable component 130 includes a connecting portion 131 and a supporting portion 132. The connecting portion 131 is connected to the contact cup 110 and extends toward the contact sheet 120. The supporting portion 132 is disposed on the connecting portion 131 and has a preset spacing with the contact sheet 120. After the deformable component 130 is heated, the supporting portion 132 can abut against the contact sheet 120. Fig.10 for Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the deformation component 130 in the contact structure 100 is shown in FIG. Fig.11 for Fig.10 A cross-sectional view of the deformation component 130 is shown.

[0092] The connecting portion 131 is a component that connects the deformable component 130 and the contact cup 110, and the supporting portion 132 is a component that contacts and supports the contact piece 120. The connecting portion 131 is generally axially disposed in the accommodating cavity 111 and extends from the base 113 of the contact cup 110 to the contact piece 120. The bottom of the connecting portion 131 is connected to the contact cup 110, and the top of the connecting portion 131 is connected to the supporting portion 132.

[0093] In this way, the connection portion 131 can support the support portion 132 in the accommodating cavity 111 of the contact cup 110. When the deformable component 130 is heated and switched from the initial state to the deformed state, the connection portion 131 can deform and stretch upward, thereby driving the support portion 132 to move toward the contact piece 120 and abut against the bottom of the contact piece 120.

[0094] In this way, the contact structure 100 forms a heat transfer path through the contact sheet 120, the support portion 132, the connecting portion 131, and the base 113 of the contact cup 110, so as to increase the heat transfer path of the contact structure 100 and improve the heat dissipation effect of the contact structure 100. At the same time, the base 113, the connecting portion 131, and the supporting portion 132 of the contact cup 110 can also support the contact sheet 120, reduce the force on the cup wall 112 of the contact cup 110, and avoid damage to the contact cup 110.

[0095] See also Fig.10 and Fig.11 In one embodiment of the present application, the support portion 132 is circular, and the connection portion 131 is annular. The annular edge of one side of the connection portion 131 is connected to the peripheral side of the support portion 132, and the annular edge of the other side is connected to the contact cup 110.

[0096] That is, the support portion 132 is circular in a top view, the connection portion 131 is annular in a top view, the upper annular edge of the connection portion 131 is connected to the edge of the support portion 132, and the lower annular edge of the connection portion 131 is connected to the contact cup 110. In this way, the deformable component 130 is generally bowl-shaped.

[0097] The bowl-shaped deformable component 130 is inverted and located in the accommodating cavity 111. When the deformable component 130 is heated, the annular connecting portion 131 can evenly drive the supporting portion 132 to abut against the contact piece 120. In this way, the annular connecting portion 131 can increase the heat transfer area, ensure the heat dissipation effect of the contact structure 100, and at the same time, can also ensure that the supporting portion 132 is evenly stressed, thereby evenly supporting the contact piece 120.

[0098] In another embodiment of the present application, the number of the connecting portion 131 is one, and the connecting portion 131 supports and connects the supporting portion 132 and the contact cup 110. The connecting portion 131 can be supported in the middle area of ​​the supporting portion 132. When the supporting portion 132 abuts against the contact piece 120, the connecting portion 131 can also achieve heat transfer and support the contact piece 120 at the same time.

[0099] In another embodiment of the present application, there are multiple connecting portions 131 , and the multiple connecting portions 131 are spaced apart around the circumference of the connecting portion 131 . Each connecting portion 131 supports and connects the supporting portion 132 and the contact cup 110 .

[0100] After the multiple connection parts 131 are supported at intervals on the edge of the support part 132, a mesh structure can be formed. In this way, the multiple connection parts 131 can realize the heat transfer of the contact structure 100 and increase the heat transfer area. At the same time, it can also ensure that the support part 132 is evenly stressed, thereby evenly supporting the contact piece 120.

[0101] It is worth noting that the above examples introduce several possible implementation methods of the deformation component 130, but the structure of the deformation component 130 is not limited to the above, and can also be other structural forms, as long as it can achieve heat transfer of the contact piece 120 when heated and support the contact piece 120.

[0102] See also Figures 4 to 7 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 In one embodiment, the longitudinal cross-section of the connecting portion 131 is arc-shaped. Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the longitudinal section of the connecting portion 131 has an arc shape. The arc-shaped connecting portion 131 facilitates the deformation of the deformable component 130 in the longitudinal direction, thereby facilitating the supporting portion 132 to abut against or separate from the contact piece 120.

[0103] When the deformable component 130 is in the initial state, the connecting portion 131 can maintain an arc-shaped state. When the deformable component 130 switches from the initial state to the deformed state, the connecting portion 131 deforms and stretches upward to drive the supporting portion 132 to translate upward so that the supporting portion 132 can abut against the contact piece 120. When the deformable component 130 switches from the deformed state to the initial state, the connecting portion 131 deforms and shortens downward to drive the supporting portion 132 to translate downward so that the supporting portion 132 can be separated from the contact piece 120.

[0104] Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, the connecting portion 131 has at least one curved portion in the longitudinal direction. That is, an arc-shaped or straight curved portion is provided in the middle of the connecting portion 131, and the curved portion can cause the connecting portion 131 to deform longitudinally, thereby facilitating the supporting portion 132 to abut against or separate from the contact piece 120.

[0105] In one embodiment, the deformable component 130 is made of a shape memory alloy. It is understood that a shape memory alloy is an alloy with special memory properties. After the deformable component 130 is deformed, the deformable component 130 can return to its original state as long as the deformable component 130 is placed under specific temperature conditions.

[0106] The deformable component 130 is made of shape memory alloy material and has temperature deformation characteristics. When the deformable component 130 is heated, the deformable component 130 can be deformed and abut against the contact piece 120 . When the deformable component 130 dissipates heat, the deformable component 130 can be deformed and detach from the contact piece 120 .

[0107] In this way, by utilizing the temperature deformation characteristics of the shape memory alloy material, the purpose of improving the pressure of the contact structure 100 in the vacuum circuit breaker can be achieved. At the same time, the resistance between the contact piece 120 and the contact cup 110 during the heat dissipation process can be reduced, thereby improving the safety of the vacuum circuit breaker and reducing energy consumption.

[0108] Optionally, the deformable component 130 is made of nickel-titanium alloy material. Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, the deformable component 130 may also be made of other titanium alloys or other materials with shape memory function.

[0109] In one embodiment, the deformable component 130 is an integral structure. That is, the connecting portion 131 and the supporting portion 132 are an integral structure, that is, the connecting portion 131 and the supporting portion 132 are formed by an integral molding method. In this way, the structural strength of the deformable component 130 can be ensured, and at the same time, the assembly process is simplified.

[0110] In one embodiment, the deformation amount of the deformable component 130 is adapted to the breaking level of the vacuum circuit breaker and the temperature threshold value actually measured for the breaking level. The deformation amount of the deformable component 130 is adjusted by the curvature of the deformable component 130 and / or the material of the deformable component 130 .

[0111] That is to say, the deformation design of the deformation memory alloy needs to be closely matched with the actual large current breaking level of the vacuum circuit breaker, and the deformation component 130 with different deformation properties can be designed according to the measured temperature under the heating condition of the current level.

[0112] It is understandable that the larger the current of the vacuum circuit breaker, the higher the breaking level of the vacuum circuit breaker, the larger the temperature threshold of the vacuum circuit breaker, and the larger the required deformation of the deformation component 130. If the deformation of the deformation component 130 is small, the deformation component 130 will successfully disconnect the contact with the contact piece 120 too early. The current will directly pass through the deformation component 130 with a smaller resistance, inhibiting the generation of the rotational current, thereby hindering the generation of the longitudinal magnetic field, which is not conducive to arc breaking.

[0113] In addition, the deformation amount of the deformable component 130, the curvature of the connecting portion 131, and the composition ratio of the shape memory alloy material. In this way, the corresponding deformable component 130 can be designed according to the actual large current breaking level of the vacuum circuit breaker and the temperature threshold measured under the heating condition corresponding to the level to meet the actual use requirements of the vacuum circuit breaker.

[0114] See also Figures 4 to 7 , Fig.12 In one embodiment, the contact structure 100 further includes an iron core 140 , wherein the iron core 140 is located in the accommodating cavity 111 and connected to the contact cup 110 , and the deformation component 130 is connected to the iron core 140 . Fig.12 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a contact cup 110 in a contact structure 100 is shown.

[0115] The iron core 140 can enhance the strength of the longitudinal magnetic field, thereby promoting the uniform diffusion of the arc, and facilitating the breaking of the vacuum circuit breaker. The iron core 140 is disposed on the base 113 of the contact cup 110, and there is a certain distance between the iron core 140 and the cup wall 112 of the contact cup 110. The deformation component 130 is disposed on the top of the iron core 140. The deformation component 130 is disposed on the contact cup 110 through the iron core 140, that is, the deformation component 130 does not directly contact the contact cup 110.

[0116] See also Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment, the contact structure 100 further includes a guide rod 150, which is disposed at one end of the contact cup 110 away from the contact sheet 120 and is electrically connected to the contact cup 110. The guide rod 150 is disposed at the bottom of the contact cup 110 and is an electrical connection rod.

[0117] The contact structure 100 is connected to the circuit via the guide rod 150, so that the contact structure 100 can be inserted into the circuit. Figure 3 In the embodiment, two opposing contact structures 100 are connected to the circuit through corresponding guide rods 150 , so that the vacuum circuit breaker can realize opening and closing operations through the two contact structures 100 .

[0118] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Fig.12In one embodiment, the outer wall of the contact cup 110 has a plurality of spiral grooves 114 arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of spiral grooves 114 penetrate the contact cup 110 in the radial direction and are connected to the accommodating cavity 111. The spiral grooves 114 extend obliquely from the top to the bottom of the contact cup 110, and the longitudinal magnetic field can be enhanced through the spiral grooves 114, which is conducive to the uniform diffusion of the arc.

[0119] In this embodiment, there are four spiral grooves 114, which are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the contact cup 110. Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, the number of the spiral grooves 114 can also be three, five or even other numbers.

[0120] In one embodiment, the helical angle of the spiral groove 114 is in the range of 30° to 75°. It is understandable that the helical angle of the spiral groove 114 of the cup wall 112 of the contact cup 110 is within the above range, which can enhance the longitudinal magnetic field and facilitate uniform diffusion of the arc.

[0121] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Fig.12 In one embodiment, the contact cup 110 further includes a plurality of connection grooves 115 , each of the connection grooves 115 is disposed at an end of the spiral groove 114 away from the contact piece 120 , and the connection groove 115 penetrates the contact cup 110 in the axial and radial directions.

[0122] A connecting groove 115 is disposed at the bottom of each spiral groove 114 . The connecting groove 115 can penetrate the contact cup 110 in the radial direction and can also penetrate the contact cup 110 in the axial direction, so as to facilitate the connection between the contact cup 110 and the guide rod 150 .

[0123] The contact structure 100 of the present application adds a deformation component 130 to the contact cup 110. When the temperature of the contact structure 100 rises, the deformation component 130 is in a deformation state and abuts against the contact piece 120, increasing the heat transfer path, improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the contact structure 100, and avoiding damage to the contact piece 120, which is conducive to the application of the contact structure 100 in a vacuum circuit breaker with a large current. At the same time, the deformation component 130 can also support the contact piece 120, avoiding damage to the cup wall 112 of the contact cup 110 due to large deformation when the vacuum circuit breaker is closed, thereby ensuring the performance of the contact structure 100.

[0124] The contact structure 100 of the present application can be applied to high-voltage, high-current vacuum circuit breakers. Through the optimized design of the deformable component 130, due to the cumulative effect of temperature, after the vacuum circuit breaker is disconnected, when the temperature reaches a good level, the shape component is deformed and just contacts the bottom of the contact piece 120, providing a new heat conduction path along the deformable component 130, thereby promoting heat dissipation of the contact structure 100.

[0125] Furthermore, after the vacuum circuit breaker is disconnected, when the two contact structures 100 are closed and contacted again, the deformable component 130 can provide support force for the contact piece 120 together with the contact cup 110 to prevent the cup wall 112 of the contact cup 110 from being damaged due to excessive pressure. After the contact structure 100 is in contact again and heat is dissipated after a period of time, the deformable component 130 gradually returns to its initial state, which will not affect the next disconnection of the vacuum circuit breaker and can be reused.

[0126] The present application also provides a vacuum circuit breaker, including an operating mechanism and a vacuum interrupter, wherein the vacuum interrupter includes two contact structures 100 as described in any of the above embodiments. One of the two contact structures 100 is a stationary contact and the other is a moving contact. The operating mechanism is arranged outside the vacuum interrupter to separate or close the moving contact relative to the stationary contact.

[0127] After the vacuum circuit breaker of the present application adopts the contact structure 100 of the above embodiment, it can increase the heat transfer path when the vacuum circuit breaker is opened, improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the contact structure 100, and at the same time, avoid the cup wall 112 of the contact cup 110 from being damaged due to large deformation when the vacuum circuit breaker is closed, thereby ensuring the performance of the contact structure 100.

[0128] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0129] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A contact structure, characterized in that: include: A contact cup, wherein the contact cup has a receiving cavity; A contact sheet, which is disposed above the accommodating cavity and contacts the contact cup; as well as A deformation component is located in the accommodating cavity and connected to the contact cup, wherein the deformation component has an initial state and a deformation state, when the deformation component is in the initial state, there is a preset distance between the deformation component and the contact piece, and when the deformation component is in the deformation state, the deformation component can abut against the contact piece; The deformation component can be switched from an initial state to a deformation state after the temperature rise reaches above a temperature threshold, and can be switched from a deformation state to an initial state after the temperature drops below the temperature threshold.

2. The contact structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformable component includes a connecting portion and a supporting portion, wherein the connecting portion is connected to the contact cup and extends toward the contact sheet, and the supporting portion is arranged on the connecting portion and has a preset spacing with the contact sheet; After the deformation component is heated, the support portion can abut against the contact piece.

3. The contact structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting portion is arranged in a circular shape, and the connecting portion is arranged in a ring shape; The annular edge on one side of the connecting portion is connected to the peripheral side of the supporting portion, and the annular edge on the other side is connected to the contact cup.

4. The contact structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting portion is one in number and supports and connects the supporting portion and the contact cup; Alternatively, there are multiple connecting parts, and the multiple connecting parts are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the connecting part, and each of the connecting parts supports and connects the supporting part and the contact cup.

5. The contact structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The longitudinal cross-section of the connecting portion is in an arc shape; Alternatively, the connecting portion has at least one bent portion in the longitudinal direction.

6. The contact structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The deformation component is made of shape memory alloy material; And / or, the deformation component is an integral structure.

7. The contact structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The contact structure is applied to a vacuum circuit breaker; The deformation amount of the deformation component is adapted to the breaking level of the vacuum circuit breaker and the temperature threshold value actually measured corresponding to the breaking level; The deformation amount of the deformable component is adjusted by the curvature of the deformable component and / or the material of the deformable component.

8. The contact structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The contact structure further includes an iron core, which is located in the accommodating cavity and connected to the contact cup, and the deformation component is connected to the iron core; And / or, the contact structure further includes a guide rod, which is disposed at an end of the contact cup away from the contact sheet and is electrically connected to the contact cup.

9. The contact structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The outer wall of the contact cup has a plurality of spiral grooves arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of spiral grooves penetrate the contact cup in the radial direction and are connected to the accommodating cavity; The helix angle of the spiral groove ranges from 30° to 75°, and / or the contact cup further includes a plurality of connecting grooves, each of which is arranged at an end of the spiral groove away from the contact piece, and the connecting groove penetrates the contact cup axially and radially.

10. A vacuum circuit breaker, characterized in that: It comprises an operating mechanism and a vacuum interrupter, wherein the vacuum interrupter comprises two contact structures according to any one of claims 1 to 9; One of the two contact structures is a stationary contact and the other is a moving contact; The operating mechanism is arranged outside the vacuum interrupter and is used to make the moving contact contact or separate relative to the static contact, so as to close or open the vacuum circuit breaker.

Images