An electronic device

Abstract

The application provides an electronic device. The electronic device comprises a housing and an antenna structure located in the housing. The antenna structure comprises a circuit board and a first radiating structure. The first radiating structure comprises a first radiating ring and a plurality of branches. An axial direction of the first radiating ring is at an angle with the circuit board. The housing comprises a metal ring shell body extending along an axial direction parallel to the axial direction of the first radiating ring. The plurality of branches are distributed along a circumference of the first radiating ring and connected between the first radiating ring and the circuit board, and specifically comprise one feeding branch and at least two first grounding branches. The branches are electrically connected with the circuit board, and adjacent two branches and a first section of the first radiating ring between the two branches form an antenna substructure. The feeding branch is used for feeding the first radiating ring, the first radiating structure is used for first resonance, and the first radiating structure can be equivalent to a plurality of connected antenna substructures, so as to realize a high-efficiency omnidirectional radiation mode of the antenna structure.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202311290660.3, filed on September 27, 2023, and entitled "Electronic device", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the continuous development of communication technology, smart home systems, as the basic application of internet of thing (IoT) technology, are widely promoted in life entertainment, learning and office scenarios. In the smart home scenario, the electronic device used by the user can install a client of an IoT application, or can support binding to a user account of an IoT application. The user can control the terminal device through the IoT application, thereby realizing the intelligent linkage between the electronic device used by the user and the terminal device. For example, the user can issue an instruction to change the light scene to the IoT application of the remote control device to control the smart lamp to adjust the light.

[0004] The connection between the electronic device and the IoT application generally adopts wireless connection technologies such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth, Zig-bee, etc. Among them, the electronic device supporting the Wi-Fi protocol can connect to the Internet through the internet protocol (IP) protocol, thereby accessing the IoT smart home platform. The IoT smart home platform can interact with the client of the IoT application installed on the electronic device used by the user, thereby realizing the interaction between the electronic device and the IoT application.

[0005] At present, according to different preferences of users, the shell of the electronic device can adopt different materials to reflect different textures. However, for the electronic device with a metal shell, the metal shell has a bad influence on the antenna inside the electronic device, resulting in the deterioration of the radiation efficiency and the directional pattern of the antenna. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides an electronic device to realize the efficient omnidirectional radiation mode of the antenna structure, thereby improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna structure in the metal ring shell.

[0007] In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a housing and an antenna structure, wherein the antenna structure is located in the housing. The housing includes a metal ring shell, which extends along an axial direction. The antenna structure includes a circuit board and a first radiating structure disposed on a side of the circuit board. The first radiating structure includes a first radiating ring and a plurality of branches. The first radiating ring is disposed at an angle with the circuit board along the axial direction, and the axial direction of the first radiating ring is parallel to the axial direction of the metal ring shell. The plurality of branches are disposed between the first radiating ring and the circuit board along a circumferential direction of the first radiating ring, and electrically connect the first radiating ring and the circuit board. The plurality of branches specifically include one feeding branch and at least two first grounding branches. The feeding branch is electrically connected to a signal layer of the circuit board and is used for feeding the first radiating ring. The at least two first grounding branches are electrically connected to a ground layer of the circuit board and are used for grounding. Any two adjacent branches divide the first radiating ring into a first section and a second section, wherein the length of the second section along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring is greater than the length of the first section along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring. The first radiating structure includes a plurality of first antenna substructures, and the plurality of first antenna substructures are used for generating a first resonance. Each first antenna substructure includes two adjacent branches and a first section of the first radiating ring between the two adjacent branches.

[0008] When the antenna structure of the electronic device communicates, the first radiating structure can generate the first resonance. Therefore, in the mode of the first resonance, the first radiating structure can be equivalent to the plurality of first antenna substructures working together, so as to realize a high-efficiency omnidirectional radiation mode of the antenna structure, thereby improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna structure in the metal ring shell.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the first radiating ring is spaced apart from the circuit board by a first distance. On a side of the circuit board facing the first radiating structure, the end of the metal ring shell away from the circuit board is spaced apart from the circuit board by a second distance, the second distance is greater than the first distance, and the second distance is less than or equal to 0.22λ, where λ is a free space wavelength corresponding to a resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

[0010] The first radiating ring includes a plurality of first sections, and the lengths of the first sections along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring are equal, so that the plurality of branches are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring. Alternatively, the plurality of branches can be non-uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring, which is not limited herein. In this implementation, the sizes of the plurality of branches can be equal, so that the sizes of the plurality of first antenna substructures of the first radiating structure are equal.

[0011] In the above implementation, the length of the first section of the first radiating loop between two adjacent branches is d1, the lengths of the two branches adjacent to the first section are d2 and d3 respectively, and the sum of d1, d2 and d3 is within the range of (0.5±0.125)λ. In the first resonant mode, each first antenna substructure has the same current distribution, so that the mode has a better horizontal plane coverage.

[0012] In the above electronic device, the at least two first ground branches are not electrically connected to the ground layer of the circuit board through inductive devices or winding inductance.

[0013] Specifically, the current distribution of the first radiating loop in the first resonant mode includes a first same-direction current distribution on the two adjacent branches and a first reverse current distribution on the first section of the first radiating loop between the two adjacent branches, and the first reverse current distribution has a current reversal point.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the first radiating loop has a slot or gap between the two adjacent branches, and the slot or gap is located in the middle region of the first section.

[0015] In actual applications, according to the scene requirements of dual-frequency or multi-frequency, the antenna structure can be used to generate multiple operating modes. For example, in a possible implementation, the first radiating loop can also be used to generate a second resonant mode. The frequency of the resonant point of the second resonant mode is higher than that of the first resonant mode. The current distribution of the first radiating loop in the second resonant mode includes a second reverse current distribution on the first radiating loop, and the second reverse current distribution has two current reversal points.

[0016] In the above electronic device, the first radiating loop can also be used to generate a third resonant mode. The frequency of the resonant point of the third resonant mode is higher than that of the second resonant mode. Specifically, the current distribution of the first radiating loop in the third resonant mode includes a third reverse current distribution on the first radiating loop, and the third reverse current distribution has four current reversal points.

[0017] In addition to the resonance generated by the first radiating structure itself, the antenna structure can further include a second radiating structure to generate another resonance. The second radiating structure includes a second radiating ring and at least two second ground branches. Specifically, the axial direction of the second radiating ring is parallel to the axial direction of the first radiating ring, and the minimum inner diameter of the second radiating ring is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the first radiating ring. The at least two second ground branches are arranged between the second radiating ring and the circuit board along the circumferential direction of the second radiating ring, and electrically connect the second radiating ring and the circuit board. Any two adjacent second ground branches divide the second radiating ring into a third segment and a fourth segment. The length of the fourth segment along the circumferential direction of the second radiating ring is greater than the length of the third segment along the circumferential direction of the second radiating ring. The second radiating structure includes a plurality of second antenna sub-structures. The plurality of second antenna sub-structures are used to generate a fourth resonance. Each second antenna sub-structure includes two adjacent second ground branches and a third segment of the second radiating ring located between the two adjacent second ground branches. In this antenna structure, the second radiating structure is used to generate the fourth resonance, and the two adjacent second ground branches and the third segment of the second radiating ring located between the two adjacent second ground branches form a second antenna sub-structure. When the second radiating structure is in operation, the second radiating structure can be equivalent to a plurality of second antenna sub-structures working together, further improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna structure in the metal ring shell.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the second radiating ring includes a plurality of third segments, and the lengths of the third segments along the circumferential direction of the second radiating ring are equal. Alternatively, the plurality of second ground branches can also be non-uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the second radiating ring, which is not limited here. In addition, the sizes of the at least two second ground branches can be equal, so that the sizes of the plurality of second antenna sub-structures of the second radiating structure are equal.

[0019] Specifically, the current distribution of the fourth resonance generated by the second radiating structure includes a second same-direction current distribution on the two adjacent second ground branches and a fourth reverse current distribution on the third segment of the second radiating ring located between the two adjacent second ground branches, and the fourth reverse current distribution has a current reversal point.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the first radiating ring is spaced apart from the circuit board by a first distance, and the second radiating ring is spaced apart from the circuit board by a third distance, the third distance being greater than zero and less than the first distance. That is, the height of the first radiating ring is higher than the height of the second radiating ring with the circuit board as the reference, so that the first radiating ring has high-efficiency radiation.

[0021] The extension direction of the plurality of branches of the first radiating structure can be arranged at an angle with the perpendicular direction of the circuit board, and the angle is less than or equal to 45 degrees.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the angle between the extension direction of each branch and the perpendicular direction of the circuit board is equal, and the plurality of branches can be sequentially arranged, so that the size of each branch is the same, and the manufacturing process of the antenna structure is simplified.

[0023] In addition, the shape of the first radiation ring can include a circular ring, a triangle, a rectangle, or other polygons, and the present application does not make specific limitations.

[0024] In a possible implementation, along the circumferential direction of the metal ring shell, the first radiation ring and the metal ring shell have a fourth distance, and the fourth distance is greater than or equal to 0.024λ. In this way, the electronic device can maintain a better antenna efficiency.

[0025] In the electronic device of the present application, the metal ring shell can be electrically connected to the ground layer of the circuit board through the metal piece and used for grounding.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the electronic device can further include a first cover plate and a second cover plate. The first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively arranged at two ends of the metal ring shell and surround the metal ring shell to form an accommodation cavity. The antenna structure is arranged in the accommodation cavity.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the first radiation structure is arranged between the circuit board and the first cover plate. The first cover plate can be used as a display surface of the electronic device. Specifically, the first cover plate has a conductive area, and the conductive area and the metal ring shell have an insulating gap. In order to avoid the influence of the metal ring shell on the function of the conductive area, the insulating gap can be greater than or equal to 0.02λ.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device. The electronic device comprises a housing and an antenna structure, and the antenna structure is located in the housing. The antenna structure comprises a first radiator, a second radiator and at least two branches. Specifically, the first radiator and the second radiator are the same and symmetrically arranged. The at least two branches are connected between the first radiator and the second radiator. The antenna structure further comprises a feeding point. In the antenna structure, the feeding point can be located at one of the at least two branches, or the feeding point can also be located at the first radiator and arranged close to one of the at least two branches. Any two adjacent branches of the at least two branches can divide the first radiator into a first section and a second section, and divide the second radiator into a third section and a fourth section. The length of the second section along the circumferential direction of the first radiator is greater than or equal to the length of the first section along the circumferential direction of the first radiator. The length of the fourth section along the circumferential direction of the second radiator is greater than or equal to the length of the third section along the circumferential direction of the second radiator. The antenna structure comprises a plurality of antenna sub-structures, and the plurality of antenna sub-structures can be used to generate a sixth resonance. Each antenna sub-structure specifically comprises any two adjacent branches, and the first section and the third section located between the any two adjacent branches.

[0029] In the electronic device of the present application, the antenna structure can generate a sixth resonance when communicating. In the mode of the sixth resonance, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator cancel each other out, the antenna structure radiates in a vertical polarization manner through the at least two branches, and the antenna structure can be equivalent to the plurality of antenna sub-structures working together, thereby realizing the omnidirectional radiation mode of the antenna structure to realize the 360-degree horizontal plane omnidirectional coverage of the electronic device.

[0030] The electronic device of the present application can be applied to a vehicle. In one possible implementation, the electronic device can be a telematics box (TBox) for communicating with a mobile phone, a background system or a base station, etc., to realize the display and control of vehicle information. The electronic device can be installed in a vehicle, and specifically can be located at the top of the vehicle, in the cabin or in the engine compartment. In another possible implementation, the electronic device can specifically be a vehicle key, so that the vehicle key can operate the vehicle in any direction of the vehicle.

[0031] In one possible implementation, in each antenna sub-structure, the length of the first section, the length of the third section, and the sum of the lengths of the two branches are within the range of (0.8±0.25)λ, further improving the omnidirectional radiation performance of the antenna structure. Wherein, λ is the free space wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the sixth resonance. In other words, half of the length of the first section, half of the length of the third section, and the sum of the lengths of one branch connected between the first section and the third section are within the range of (0.4±0.125)λ.

[0032] In the electronic device of the present application, the first radiator and the second radiator have the same shape. Specifically, the first radiator and the second radiator can be ring-shaped radiators, for example, can include a triangle, a circle, a square or other polygons. In one possible implementation, the first radiator and the second radiator are radiation rings respectively. The at least two branches are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the radiation ring, and the sizes of the at least two branches are equal. Of course, the first radiator and the second radiator can also have other shapes. In another possible implementation, taking the first radiator as an example, the first radiator includes at least three radiation branches, one end of each of the radiation branches converges into a point and is connected, the other end of each of the radiation branches extends away from the point, and the other ends of the radiation branches are arranged along the axial direction.

[0033] In addition, in the case that the length dimension of each antenna substructure is λ, the length of each branch can be greater than the length of the first segment, so that the antenna structure is an elongated structure, so as to reduce the width dimension of the antenna structure. Alternatively, the length of each branch can be less than the length of the first segment, so that the antenna structure is a short and fat structure, so as to reduce the height dimension of the antenna structure.

[0034] In the present application, the current distribution of the antenna structure generating the sixth resonance includes a first forward current distribution on any two adjacent branches, a first reverse current distribution on the first segment, and a second reverse current distribution on the third segment, and the first reverse current distribution and the second reverse current distribution each have a current reverse point.

[0035] In one possible implementation, between the two adjacent branches, the first radiator has a slot or a gap, and the slot or the gap of the first radiator is located at the current reverse point of the first segment; and / or, the second radiator has a slot or a gap, and the slot or the gap of the second radiator is located at the current reverse point of the third segment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of an antenna structure in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of an antenna structure in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the first resonance mode in the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of an antenna structure in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A 3D directional diagram of the fundamental mode f1 of the antenna structure in the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of an antenna structure in an embodiment of the present application;Figure 3 Horizontal plane pattern of the base mode f1 of the antenna structure;

[0041] Figure 6 Another structure schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 7 Another structure schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 Current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the second resonant mode;

[0043] Figure 8 Another structure schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 3D pattern of the mode f2 of the antenna structure;

[0044] Figure 9 Another structure schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 Horizontal plane pattern of the mode f2 of the antenna structure;

[0045] Figure 10 Another structure schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 Current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure after removing the first ground branch;

[0046] Figure 11 Another structure schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 Current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the third resonant mode;

[0047] Figure 12 Another structure schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 3D pattern of the mode f3 of the antenna structure;

[0048] Figure 13 Another structure schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 Horizontal plane pattern of the mode f3 of the antenna structure;

[0049] Figure 14 Another structure schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 Current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure after removing the first ground branch;

[0050] Figure 15 Another structure schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 16 Another structure schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 15 Side view of the antenna structure;

[0052] Figure 17 Another structure schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 15 Current distribution diagram of the second radiation structure in the fourth resonant mode in the antenna structure;

[0053] Figure 18 Another structure schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 15 Another current distribution diagram of the second radiation structure in the fourth resonant mode;

[0054] Figure 19 Another structure schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application;Figure 18 3D pattern of the antenna structure of mode f4;

[0055] Figure 20 For Figure 18 Horizontal pattern of the antenna structure of mode f4;

[0056] Figure 21 For another structure schematic of the electronic device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 22 For another structure schematic of the electronic device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 23 For another structure schematic of the electronic device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 24 For Figure 21 S11 pattern of the electronic device;

[0060] Figure 25 For Figure 21 Efficiency schematic of the electronic device;

[0061] Figure 26 For Figure 15 Resonant frequency comparison chart of the antenna structure with different number of branches;

[0062] Figure 27 For Figure 15 Radiation efficiency comparison chart of the antenna structure with different number of branches;

[0063] Figure 28 For another structure schematic of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 29 For Figure 28 S11 comparison chart of the antenna structure with different width of the slot;

[0065] Figure 30 For Figure 28 Efficiency comparison chart of the antenna structure with different width of the slot;

[0066] Figure 31 For a schematic of the first radiation ring in the embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 32 For another schematic of the electronic device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figure 33 For another schematic of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application;

[0069] Figure 34 ForFigure 33 current distribution of the first radiating structure in the first resonant mode;

[0070] Figure 35 for Figure 33 current distribution of the first radiating structure in the second resonant mode;

[0071] Figure 36 for Figure 33 current distribution of the first radiating structure in the third resonant mode;

[0072] Figure 37 for Figure 33 current distribution of the first radiating structure in the fourth resonant mode;

[0073] Figure 38 for Figure 33 current distribution of the first radiating structure in the fifth resonant mode;

[0074] Figure 39 for Figure 33 S11 diagram of the antenna structure in the first resonant mode, the second resonant mode, the third resonant mode, the fourth resonant mode and the fifth resonant mode;

[0075] Figure 40 for

[0076] Figure 41 for Figure 40 current distribution of the antenna structure 12 in the sixth resonant mode;

[0077] Figure 42 for Figure 40 3D directivity diagram of the antenna structure in the sixth resonant mode;

[0078] Figure 43 for Figure 40 S11 diagram of the antenna structure;

[0079] Figure 44 for Figure 40 efficiency diagram of the antenna structure;

[0080] Figure 45 for

[0081] Figure 46 for Figure 45 current distribution of the antenna structure in the sixth resonant mode;

[0082] Figure 47 for Figure 45 E-plane directivity diagram of the antenna structure;

[0083] Figure 48For Figure 45 H-plane pattern of the antenna structure;

[0084] Figure 49 For another structural schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiments of the present application;

[0085] Figure 50 For Figure 49 Current distribution diagram of the antenna structure in the sixth resonant mode;

[0086] Figure 51 For Figure 49 3D pattern of the antenna structure in the sixth resonant mode;

[0087] Figure 52 For Figure 49 S11 diagram of the antenna structure;

[0088] Figure 53 For Figure 49 Efficiency schematic diagram of the antenna structure;

[0089] Figure 54 For Figure 49 E-plane pattern of the antenna structure;

[0090] Figure 55 For Figure 49 H-plane pattern of the antenna structure.

[0091] Reference signs:

[0092] 10 - electronic device; 11 - metal ring shell; 12 - antenna structure;

[0093] 13 - circuit board; 14 - first radiating structure; 15 - second radiating structure;

[0094] 16 - metal piece; 17 - first cover plate; 141 - first radiating ring;

[0095] 142 - branch; 151 - second radiating ring; 152 - second ground branch;

[0096] 121 - first radiator; 122 - second radiator; 171 - conductive area;

[0097] 1412 - gap; 1421 - feed branch; 1422 - first ground branch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0098] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0099] For the convenience of understanding the electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application, the application scenario thereof is introduced first as follows. The electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application is applicable to one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, global positioning system (GPS) communication technology, wireless fidelity (WiFi) communication technology, global system for mobile communications (GSM) communication technology, wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) communication technology, long term evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, and other future communication technologies. The electronic device in the embodiments of the present application can be a smart home product, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a smart bracelet, a smart watch, a smart sensing device (such as a smart sensing camera), a robot, or the like. The electronic device can also be a handheld device with a wireless communication function, a computing device, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, an electronic device in a 5G network, or an electronic device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), and the like, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0100] Any of the above electronic devices can include the electronic device in the embodiments of the present application to realize the communication or detection function of the electronic device. In specific embodiments, the antenna structure in the above electronic device can be directly installed in the electronic device and electrically connected with the processor in the electronic device to realize the communication function and / or detection function of the electronic device. Alternatively, the antenna structure can also be integrated in a sensor or a sensing module, and the above sensor or sensing module is installed in the electronic device, and the processor of the electronic device is electrically connected with the sensor or sensing module to realize the communication function and / or detection function of the electronic device. The above processor can specifically refer to a chip, as long as it can process data and realize at least part of the function of the electronic device, which is not limited in the present application.

[0101] For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present application, the terms appearing in the embodiments of the present application are briefly introduced as follows.

[0102] Connection: can refer to a mechanical connection relationship or a physical connection relationship, that is, A is connected with B can refer to that there is a fastening component (such as a screw, a bolt, a rivet, etc.) between A and B, or A and B are in contact with each other and A and B are difficult to be separated.

[0103] Circuit board: refers to a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12- to 14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or elements separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric or insulating layer such as fiberglass, polymer, and the like. In the present application, the circuit board can include signal layers and ground layers. The signal layers are electrically coupled to the power feed and are used for signal transmission with other components of the electronic device. The ground layers are metal layers in the circuit board and are isolated from the signal layers, and are used for ground connection with other components of the electronic device.

[0104] Any of the above ground layers, or ground planes, or ground metal layers are made of conductive material. In one embodiment, the conductive material can be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass, and alloys thereof, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate, and tin-plated copper, graphite powder-impregnated cloth, graphite-coated substrate, copper-plated substrate, brass-plated substrate, and aluminum-plated substrate. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the ground layers / ground planes / ground metal layers can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0105] Signal connection: refers to the connection of a component to a signal port of a circuit board for signal transmission between the component and the circuit board.

[0106] Ground connection: refers to the connection of a component to a ground layer, ground plane, or ground metal layer of a circuit board. In one embodiment, the ground can be a solid ground, such as the electrical connection of a specific location on the housing to the ground layer of the circuit board through a part of the housing structure (or referred to as a solid ground), that is, not through an inductive device or a wire inductance to the ground layer of the circuit board. In one embodiment, the ground can be a device ground, such as the electrical connection of the ground layer of the circuit board through an inductive device or a wire inductance (or referred to as a device ground). The symmetries (such as axial symmetry, or central symmetry, and the like), parallel, perpendicular, identical (such as identical size, and the like) and the like mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are relative to the current process level, and are not strictly defined in the mathematical sense. For example, the branches perpendicular to the circuit board can have a predetermined angle deviation. In one embodiment, the predetermined angle can be an angle within ±20°, for example, the predetermined angle deviation can be ±15°.

[0107] Radiating loop: is a radiating conductor in the antenna structure for receiving / transmiting electromagnetic wave radiation. Specifically, the radiating loop converts the guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy for radiating and receiving radio waves. The modulated high frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is delivered to the radiating conductor for transmission (corresponding to the radiating loop of the transmitting antenna), which is converted into electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization through the radiating loop, and radiated in the desired direction. The radiating conductor for receiving (corresponding to the radiating loop of the receiving antenna) converts electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization from a certain direction in space into modulated high frequency current energy, and delivers it to the input end of the receiver.

[0108] The radiating loop can also include a slot or gap formed on the conductor, for example, a closed or semi-closed slot or gap is formed on the conductor surface of the radiating loop.

[0109] The radiating loop can be a conductor with a certain shape and size, such as a circular ring or a polygon, etc., and the application does not limit the specific shape. In an embodiment of the application, the radiating loop is specifically a circular ring. In the application, the radiating loop can be made by different manufacturing processes. For example, the radiating loop includes a laser direct structuring (LDS) conductive pattern, or an integrally formed / connected formed metal sheet / metal body.

[0110] In an embodiment of the application, the radiating loop is connected to the circuit board through the branch. In an embodiment, the branch can include an LDS conductive pattern, an integrally formed / connected formed metal sheet / metal body, or a conductive via wrapped in an insulating material.

[0111] Feed branch: refers to the connecting component between the radiating loop of the antenna structure and the circuit board. The feed branch can directly transmit current waves or electromagnetic waves with different frequencies and forms.

[0112] The size of the branch of the application includes length and width. The length refers to the size of the branch along the extension direction, and the width refers to the size of the branch along the direction perpendicular to the length direction. In an embodiment, the length and width of the plurality of branches can be equal. In actual application, the sizes of the plurality of branches can also not be completely equal, allowing for processing errors. In an embodiment, the length is equal, or the width is equal, which can be understood as the length difference being within 5%, or the width difference being within 5%.

[0113] End / point: the "end / point" in the feeding end / grounding end / feeding point / grounding point / connection point of the radiating ring cannot be understood as a point in a narrow sense, but can also be considered as a section of the radiating conductor including the end point on the radiating ring; it also cannot be understood as a point or end that is disconnected from other radiating conductors in a narrow sense, but can also be considered as a point or section on a continuous radiating ring. In an embodiment, the "end / point" can include the end point of the radiating ring at the gap, for example, the first end of the radiating ring can be considered as a section of the radiating body within 5 mm (for example, 2 mm) from the gap. In an embodiment, the "end / point" can include the connection / coupling area of the radiating ring coupled to other conductive structures, for example, the feeding end / feeding point can be the coupling area (for example, the area facing a part of the feeding branch) of the radiating ring coupled to the feeding branch, and for another example, the grounding end / grounding point can be the connection / coupling area of the radiating ring coupled to the grounding structure or grounding circuit.

[0114] The same direction / reverse current distribution mentioned in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the direction of the main current on the same side of the conductor. In an embodiment, the same direction current distribution on one conductor can mean that there is no reverse point of current on the conductor. In an embodiment, the reverse current distribution on one conductor can mean that there is at least one reverse point of current on the conductor. In an embodiment, the same direction current distribution on two conductors can mean that there is no reverse point of current on the two conductors, and the currents flow in the same direction. In an embodiment, the reverse current distribution on two conductors can mean that there is no reverse point of current on the two conductors, and the currents flow in opposite directions. The current of multiple conductors can be understood accordingly.

[0115] Antenna pattern: also called radiation pattern. It refers to the pattern of the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna radiation field at a certain distance from the antenna, which is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular plane patterns through the maximum radiation direction of the antenna. The antenna pattern usually has multiple radiation beams. The radiation beam with the maximum intensity is called the main lobe, and the remaining radiation beams are called side lobes or side lobes. In the side lobe, the side lobe in the opposite direction of the main lobe is also called the back lobe.

[0116] Antenna gain: used to characterize the degree of concentration of input power radiated by the antenna. Generally, the narrower the main lobe of the antenna pattern, the smaller the side lobe, and the higher the antenna gain.

[0117] Resonant frequency: also called resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, i.e., a frequency range in which resonance occurs. The resonant frequency can be a frequency range in which the return loss characteristic is less than -6 dB. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency-point frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20 dB.

[0118] Resonant frequency band: the range of resonant frequencies, the return loss characteristic of any frequency point in the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

[0119] Operating frequency band: no matter what kind of antenna, it always works in a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting B40 frequency band, its operating frequency band includes the frequency in the range of 2300MHz-2400MHz, or in other words, the operating frequency band of the antenna includes B40 frequency band. The frequency range meeting the index requirements can be regarded as the operating frequency band of the antenna. The width of the operating frequency band is called the operating bandwidth. The operating bandwidth of an omnidirectional antenna can reach 3-5% of the center frequency. The operating bandwidth of a directional antenna can reach 5-10% of the center frequency. The bandwidth can be considered as a range of frequencies on both sides of the center frequency (for example, the resonant frequency of a dipole), in which the antenna characteristics are within the acceptable value range of the center frequency.

[0120] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band can be the same or different, or their frequency ranges can partially overlap. In one embodiment, the resonant frequency band of an antenna can cover multiple operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0121] Wavelength λ: also called operating wavelength, which can be the free space wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency or the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the uplink frequency band (resonant frequency of 1920MHz to 1980MHz) of the antenna is 1955MHz, the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, the "operating wavelength" can also refer to the free space wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency or the non-center frequency of the operating frequency band.

[0122] Return loss: can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port to the antenna port transmission power. The smaller the signal reflected back, the greater the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the greater the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The greater the signal reflected back, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the smaller the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0123] Radiation efficiency: refers to the ratio of the power radiated into space by the antenna (i.e., the power of the portion effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. Among them, the active power input to the antenna = input power of the antenna - loss power; the loss power mainly includes return loss power and ohmic loss power of metal and / or dielectric loss power. Metal loss and dielectric loss are both factors affecting radiation efficiency.

[0124] As can be understood by those skilled in the art, efficiency is generally expressed in percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between efficiency and dB, the closer the efficiency is to 0dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna is represented.

[0125] dB: Decibel, a logarithmic concept with base 10. Decibel is only used to evaluate the ratio between two physical quantities, and it has no physical dimension. The ratio between two quantities increases by 10 times, and the difference between them can be expressed as 10 decibels. For example: A = "100", B = "10", C = "5", D = "1", then A / D = 20 dB; B / D = 10 dB; C / D = 7 dB; B / C = 3 dB. That is, the difference of 10 decibels between two quantities is 10 times, the difference of 20 decibels is 100 times, and so on. The difference of 3 dB is 2 times between two quantities.

[0126] dBi: Generally mentioned together with dBd. dBi and dBd are units of power gain, both are relative values, but the reference bases are different. The reference base of dBi is omnidirectional antenna; the reference base of dBd is dipole. It is generally believed that dBi and dBd represent the same gain, and the value represented by dBi is 2.15 dBi larger than that represented by dBd. For example: for an antenna with a gain of 16 dBd, its gain converted into dBi is 18.15 dBi, generally ignoring the decimal place, it is 18 dBi.

[0127] Antenna return loss: It can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port to the signal power transmitted from the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the greater the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the greater the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The greater the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the smaller the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0128] Antenna return loss can be represented by S11 parameter, which belongs to S parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter can represent the advantages and disadvantages of antenna transmission efficiency. In an embodiment, the S11 graph can be understood as a schematic diagram for representing the resonance generated by the antenna. In an embodiment, the resonance shown in the S11 graph in the part less than -6 dB can be understood as the resonance frequency / frequency range / working frequency band generated by the antenna. S11 parameter is usually negative, the smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the smaller the energy reflected back by the antenna itself, that is, the more the energy actually entering the antenna, and the higher the system efficiency of the antenna; the larger the S11 parameter, the larger the antenna return loss, and the lower the system efficiency of the antenna.

[0129] It should be noted that the S11 value of -6 dB is generally used as a standard in engineering. When the S11 value of the antenna is less than -6 dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or it can be considered that the transmission efficiency of the antenna is better.

[0130] The following will take the smart key switch as an example to illustrate the electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application. Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1, the electronic device 10 according to the embodiment of the present application includes a housing and an antenna structure 12. Specifically, the antenna structure 12 is arranged inside the housing, and the antenna structure 12 includes a circuit board 13. In the present application, the housing can include a metal ring shell 11. The circuit board 13 includes a ground plate or ground layer. The metal ring shell 11 extends along an axial direction (as shown by the dotted line in the middle), and the axial direction of the metal ring shell 11 is arranged at an angle with the circuit board 13. For example, in a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the axial direction of the metal ring shell 11 is arranged at an angle of 90 degrees with the circuit board 13, that is, the axial direction of the metal ring shell 11 is perpendicular to the circuit board 13. Figure 1 Figure 1 Figure 1 It should be noted that in the following embodiments, the electronic device 10 is only taken as an example of a smart key switch, and in actual applications, the electronic device 10 according to the embodiments of the present application can also be a smart button, a smart bracelet, or a tablet computer, and the present application does not limit this.

[0131] With the popularization of personalized customization, the overall aesthetic demand of electronic devices is increasing. In order to reflect different appearance textures, the housing of the electronic device can be made of different materials such as plastic, metal, wood, etc. Taking the metal material housing as an example, it should be understood that the metal housing wraps the antenna structure, which will have an adverse effect on the performance of the antenna structure. Therefore, how to meet the personalized customization of users while improving the radiation performance of the antenna is particularly important.

[0132] Therefore, the present application provides an antenna structure and an electronic device to realize an efficient omnidirectional radiation mode of the antenna structure, thereby improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna structure in the metal ring shell.

[0133] It should be noted that the terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to be limiting on the present application. As used in the specification and the appended claims of the present application, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, such as "one or more," unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0134] ​​Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" or "in a various embodiment" or "in some embodiment" or "in other embodiments" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but can refer to one or more, but not all, of the embodiments, unless it is specifically stated otherwise. The terms "including," "comprising," "having" and variations thereof herein are meant to be open-ended terms that can cover the presence of substrates, integers, steps, processes, acts, elements, and / or components of the example application, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other substrates, integers, steps, processes, acts, elements, components, and / or any combinations thereof.

[0135] Please continue to see Figure 1 In the embodiments of the present application, the outer surface of the metal ring shell 11 can be part of the appearance surface of the electronic device 10. In actual application, the metal ring shell 11 can be a ring-shaped shell surrounded by a metal plate. Wherein, the metal ring shell 11 extending along the axial direction can be understood as the thickness of the metal ring shell 11 (i.e. the thickness of the metal plate) is less than the length of the metal ring shell 11 along the axial direction.

[0136] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of one of the antenna structures in the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1, the antenna structure includes a metal ring shell 11 and a metal plate 12. The metal ring shell 11 is arranged on the metal plate 12, and the metal ring shell 11 is arranged on the metal plate 12 in a manner that the metal ring shell 11 is in contact with the metal plate 12. The metal ring shell 11 is arranged on the metal plate 12 in a manner that the metal ring shell 11 is in contact with the metal plate 12. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the antenna structure 12 further includes a first radiating structure 14. Specifically, the first radiating structure 14 includes a first radiating ring 141 and a plurality of branches 142. The axial direction of the first radiating ring 141 is parallel to the axial direction of the metal ring shell 11, that is, the axial direction of the first radiating ring 141 is arranged at an angle with the circuit board 13. It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the parallel of the axial directions can mean that the two axial directions are in the same direction, but the two axes do not overlap; or it can also mean that the two axial directions are in the same direction, and the two axes overlap. The plurality of branches 142 are located between the first radiating ring 141 and the circuit board 13, and electrically connect the first radiating ring 141 and the circuit board 13. These branches 142 are distributed along the circumference of the first radiating ring 141. Specifically, the plurality of branches 142 include one feeding branch 1421 and at least one first grounding branch 1422. Among them, the feeding branch 1421 is signal connected with the circuit board 13, that is, the feeding branch 1421 is electrically connected with the signal layer of the circuit board 13. The at least one first grounding branch 1422 is ground connected with the circuit board 13, that is, the first grounding branch 1422 is electrically connected with the ground layer of the circuit board 13. In an embodiment, the at least two first grounding branches 1422 can not be electrically connected with the ground layer of the circuit board 13 through inductive devices or wire inductance, that is, the first grounding branch 1422 is directly electrically connected with the ground layer of the circuit board 13. In the present application, the specific number of the first grounding branch 1422 is not limited, for example, the at least one first grounding branch 1422 can include one, two, three, four, six or eight, etc. The specific number of the first grounding branch 1422 can be determined according to the circumference of the first radiating ring 141, the length of the first grounding branch 1422, and the target working frequency band of the antenna structure 12. In Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the number of the first grounding branch 1422 is 4.

[0137] Figure 3 For Figure 2 the current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure in the first resonant mode. As Figure 3 shown, the first radiating structure 14 is used to generate the first resonance. Specifically, any two adjacent branches 142 can divide the first radiating ring 141 into a first segment and a second segment. Among them, the length of the second segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring 141 is greater than the length of the first segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring 141. The first radiating structure 14 includes a plurality of first antenna sub-structures (such as Figure 3(As shown by the dashed line in the middle), each first antenna substructure includes two adjacent branches 142 and a first segment of the first radiating ring 141 located between the two adjacent branches 142. In the first resonant mode, the first radiating structure 14 can be equivalently formed by connecting multiple first antenna substructures, thereby realizing a high-efficiency omnidirectional radiation mode of the antenna structure 12 to improve the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna structure 12 within the metal ring housing 11.

[0138] Please continue reading. Figure 3 In one specific embodiment, the aforementioned plurality of branches 142 are uniformly distributed circumferentially along the first radiating ring 141, specifically including one feed branch 1421 and four first ground branches 1422. In this embodiment, the first radiating structure 14 includes five first antenna substructures. When the feed branch 1421 feeds the first radiating ring 141, each first antenna substructure generates a 0.5λ loop antenna mode, and the current distribution on each first antenna substructure is similar. Specifically, the current distribution of a single first antenna substructure includes a first unidirectional current distribution on two adjacent branches 142, and a first reverse current distribution on the segment of the first radiating ring 141 located between the two branches 142, wherein the first reverse current distribution has a current reversal point (also referred to as a current minima). At this time, the first radiating structure 14 generates the fundamental mode f1, i.e., the first resonant mode. Figure 4 for Figure 3 3D radiation pattern of the fundamental mode f1 of the antenna structure. Figure 5 for Figure 3 The horizontal radiation pattern of the fundamental mode f1 of the antenna structure. (See image below.) Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, when the aforementioned multiple branches 142 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the first radiating ring 141 and the dimensions of the multiple branches 142 are the same, the multiple branches 142 and the first radiating ring 141 form the same multiple first antenna substructures, and each first antenna substructure has the same current distribution. Each branch 142 (including the feed branch 1421 and the first ground branch 1422) has a current distribution in the same direction, and the current in the first radiating ring 141 between two adjacent branches 142 is reversed. Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the antenna structure 12 of the embodiment has good horizontal plane coverage in the first resonance mode, and the horizontal plane non-circularity is within 2db. Wherein, the length of the segment between the two adjacent branches 142 of the first radiation ring 141 is d1, the lengths of the two branches 142 adjacent to the segment are d2 and d3 respectively, and the sum of d1, d2 and d3 is equal to (0.5±0.125)λ, for example, the sum of d1, d2 and d3 can be equal to 0.375λ, 0.46λ, 0.489λ, 0.5λ, 0.56λ, 0.6λ, 0.613λ, 0.625λ, etc., which is not limited specifically herein. Wherein, λ is the free space wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

[0139] It should be noted that the uniform distribution of the plurality of branches 142 along the circumference of the first radiation ring 141 means that the length of the first segment between any two adjacent branches 142 is equal. The same size of the plurality of branches 142 means that the length (such as the length in the vertical direction of the circuit board 13) of the plurality of branches 142 in the extension direction, the width perpendicular to the length direction, and the angle between the extension direction and the vertical direction of the circuit board 13 are all equal. Figure 3

[0140] Figure 6 Another structure of the electronic device in the embodiment is shown in FIG. 6. As shown, in actual application, due to different manufacturing processes of the branches 142, the angle θ between the extension direction of the branches 142 and the vertical direction of the circuit board 13 can not be equal, for example, the angle θ can be less than or equal to 45 degrees. In an embodiment, the plurality of branches 142 can be LDS conductive patterns, and the sizes are equal. Specifically, the plurality of branches 142 can be inclined in turn in the counterclockwise direction, so that each branch 142 is uniformly arranged, and the manufacturing process of the antenna structure 12 is simplified. In the present application, the branches 142 with different inclination angles have little effect on the resonance frequency and the directional diagram of the first resonance mode, and the difference in radiation efficiency is within 0.2dB, and the efficiency of the electronic device 10 at 2.4GHz is about -3dB. Figure 6 In actual application, the electronic device 10 can be used to generate multiple working modes, and according to specific application requirements, the electronic device 10 can meet the scene requirements of dual-frequency or multi-frequency.

[0141] Figure 7 The current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the second resonance mode is shown in FIG. 7. As shown, in actual application, the electronic device 10 can be used to generate multiple working modes, and according to specific application requirements, the electronic device 10 can meet the scene requirements of dual-frequency or multi-frequency. Figure 1 Figure 7 ​​​As shown, when the feed stub 1421 feeds the first radiating ring 141, the first radiating ring 141 can also be used to generate a second resonance. The frequency of the resonant point of the second resonance is higher than the frequency of the resonant point of the first resonance. The second resonance mode corresponds to the 1λ mode of the first radiating ring 141, i.e., mode f2 of the antenna structure 12. This mode f2 is a 1λ convection mode, and its current distribution includes a second reverse current distribution on the first radiating ring 141, with two current reversal points. The 3D radiation pattern and horizontal plane radiation pattern of this mode f2 are shown below. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, where, Figure 8 for Figure 7 3D radiation pattern of mode f2 with medium antenna structure. Figure 9 for Figure 7 The horizontal radiation pattern of mode f2 of the antenna structure. In the second resonant mode, the presence of at least one first ground stub 1422 does not affect the existence of the second resonant mode. Figure 10 for Figure 7 The current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure after removing the first grounding branch. (See diagram below.) Figure 10 As shown, the second resonant mode still exists after the first grounding stub 1422 is removed. Specifically, the presence of the first grounding stub 1422 acts as an inductive load on the first radiation ring 141, causing the frequency deviation of the first radiation ring 141 in the second resonant mode.

[0142] In another embodiment, when the feed branch 1421 feeds the first radiation ring 141, the first radiation ring 141 can also be used to generate a third resonance. Figure 11 for Figure 1 The current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure in the third resonant mode. (See diagram for example.) Figure 11 As shown, the first radiation ring 141 generates a 2λ mode, i.e., the third resonant mode. This 2λ mode is a higher-order mode of mode f2, i.e., mode f3. The current distribution of mode f3 includes a third reverse current distribution on the first radiation ring, which has four current reversal points. The 3D radiation pattern and horizontal plane radiation pattern of this higher-order mode f3 are shown below. Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, where, Figure 12 for Figure 11 3D radiation pattern of mode f3 with medium antenna structure. Figure 13 for Figure 11 The horizontal radiation pattern of mode f3 of the antenna structure. In the third resonant mode, the presence of at least one first ground stub 1422 does not affect the existence of the third resonant mode. Figure 14 for Figure 11 The current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure after removing the first grounding branch. (See diagram below.) Figure 14As shown, the third resonant mode still exists after the first grounding stub 1422 is removed. The presence of the first grounding stub 1422 acts as an inductive load on the first radiation ring 141, causing the frequency deviation of the first radiation ring 141 in the third resonant mode.

[0143] Figure 15 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiments of this application. Figure 16 for Figure 15 A side view of the antenna structure. (See image below.) Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, in addition to the resonance generated by the first radiating ring 141 itself, the antenna structure 12 may also include a second radiating structure 15. The second radiating structure 15 includes a second radiating ring 151 and at least two second grounded stubs 152 to generate other resonances. Specifically, the axial direction of the second radiating ring 151 is parallel to the axial direction of the first radiating ring 141, and the second radiating rings 151 are spaced apart on the outer periphery of the first radiating ring 141. The minimum inner diameter of the second radiating ring 151 is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the first radiating ring 141, and smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the metal ring housing 11. The at least two second grounded stubs 152 are connected between the second radiating ring 151 and the circuit board 13, and the at least two second grounded stubs 152 are arranged along the axial direction of the second radiating ring 151. Figure 17 for Figure 15 Current distribution diagram of the second radiating structure in the antenna structure under the fourth resonant mode. Figure 18 for Figure 15 Another current distribution diagram of the second radiating structure in the fourth resonant mode, in which, Figure 17 for Figure 15 A bottom view of the antenna structure. Figure 18 for Figure 15 A bottom view of the second radial structure. (See image below.) Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, in this electronic device 10, the second radiating ring 151 is used to generate a fourth resonance. Specifically, any two adjacent second grounding stubs 152 can divide the second radiating structure 15 into a third segment and a fourth segment. The length of the fourth segment along the circumferential direction of the second radiating ring 151 is greater than the length of the third segment along the circumferential direction of the second radiating ring 151. The second radiating structure 15 includes multiple second antenna substructures (such as...). Figure 18 (As shown by the dashed line), and the current distribution on each second grounding substructure is similar. Each second grounding substructure includes a segment of the second radiation ring 151 between any two adjacent second grounding branches 152 to form the second grounding substructure (e.g., ...). Figure 18(As shown by the dashed line), each second antenna substructure includes two adjacent second grounding stubs 152 and a third segment of the second radiating ring 151 located between the two adjacent second grounding stubs 152. Therefore, in the fourth resonant mode, the second radiating structure 15 can be equivalently formed by connecting multiple second antenna substructures, thereby further improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna structure 12 within the metal ring housing 11. The current distribution of a single second antenna substructure includes a second unidirectional current distribution on the two adjacent second grounding stubs 152 and a fourth reverse current distribution on the segment of the second radiating ring 151 located between the two second grounding stubs 152, wherein the fourth reverse current distribution has a current reversal point. At this time, the second radiating structure 15 generates mode f4, i.e., the fourth resonant mode. Figure 19 for Figure 18 3D radiation pattern of mode f4 with medium antenna structure. Figure 20 for Figure 18 The horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna structure in mode f4. Therefore, antenna structure 12 exhibits better omnidirectional radiation in the fourth resonant mode.

[0144] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the electronic device in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 21 As shown, in one embodiment, the height of the metal ring housing 11 along the axial direction can be 0.22λ, wherein the height of the metal ring housing 11 along the axial direction on the side of the circuit board 13 facing the first radiating structure 14 can be 0.11λ, that is, the circuit board 13 is located inside the metal ring housing 11 and centered along the height direction of the metal ring housing 11. Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the electronic device in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 22 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the metal ring housing 11 can be grounded to the circuit board 13 via a metal component 16. Specifically, the metal component 16 can be a ring-shaped metal component. This ring-shaped metal component and the metal ring housing 11 can be an integrally formed structure, or they can be fixedly connected by bonding or welding. Furthermore, the metal component 16 can be grounded to the circuit board 13 via multiple grounding posts, which can be bolts or pins, etc. Alternatively, as... Figure 21 As shown, the metal ring housing 11 can be directly grounded to the circuit board 13 through multiple grounding posts. Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the electronic device in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 23 As shown, the metal ring housing 11 may not be grounded to the circuit board 13. Figure 21In the shown embodiment, the plurality of branches 142 of the first radiating structure 14 can include one feeding branch 1421 and four first ground branches 1422, and each branch 142 is perpendicular to the circuit board 13. The length of each branch 142 is 0.09λ. The circumference of the first radiating loop 141 is 0.55λ, the circumference of the second radiating loop 151 is 1.15λ, and the distance between the second radiating loop 151 and the circuit board 13 is 0.044λ. It should be noted that the sizes of the components in this embodiment are only for illustration, and do not specifically limit the sizes of the components. The electronic device 10 described above can be applied to multi-frequency application scenarios. Among them, the antenna structure 12 includes a first resonant mode (f1 includes 2.45GHz), a second resonant mode (f2 includes 3.4GHz), a third resonant mode (f3 includes 4.9GHz), and a fourth resonant mode (f4 includes 5.5GHz). The electronic device 10 of this embodiment can be applied to 2.4GHz and 5GHz dual-frequency application scenarios. Figure 24 For Figure 21 S11 diagram of the electronic device in the Figure 25 For Figure 21 Efficiency diagram of the electronic device. The efficiency of each operating frequency point of the antenna structure 12 of the electronic device 10 is within-3dB, and has good non-circularity in the first resonant mode.

[0145] In the above embodiment, the distance between the first radiating loop 141 and the metal ring shell 11 is greater than or equal to 0.024λ. In this way, the electronic device 10 can maintain a better antenna efficiency. Further, on the side of the circuit board 13 facing the first radiating structure 14, the distance between the end surface of the metal ring shell 11 away from the circuit board 13 and the circuit board 13 is less than or equal to 0.22λ.

[0146] In one embodiment, the first distance between the first radiating loop 141 and the circuit board 13 is greater than the second distance between the second radiating loop 151 and the circuit board 13. That is, the height of the first radiating loop 141 is higher than the height of the second radiating loop 151 based on the circuit board 13, so that the first radiating loop 141 has high-efficiency radiation.

[0147] In this application, the width of the first ground branch 1422 has little effect on the standing wave of the antenna structure 12. Specifically, different widths of the first ground branch 1422 cause the fundamental mode f1 to have a frequency offset, but have little effect on the modes f2, f3 and f4. Figure 26 For Figure 15 Resonant frequency comparison diagram of antenna structures with different numbers of branches in the Figure 27 For Figure 15 Radiation efficiency comparison diagram of antenna structures with different numbers of branches in the. As Figure 26 andFigure 27 As shown, when the plurality of branches 142 are perpendicular to the circuit board 13 and the first radiating ring 141, in the first resonant mode, the number of branches 142 is reduced to make the resonant length of each first antenna substructure longer, and the resonance shifts towards low frequency; the number of branches 142 is increased to make the resonant length of each first antenna substructure shorter, and the resonance shifts towards high frequency. In the second resonant mode, when the number of branches 142 is different, the loading of the antenna structure 12 changes, specifically, when the number of branches 142 is reduced, the resonance shifts towards low frequency, and when the number of branches 142 is increased, the resonance shifts towards high frequency. In addition, as shown, Figure 26 As shown, the number of branches 142 has relatively small influence on the third resonant mode and the fourth resonant mode. Also, as shown, Figure 27 As shown, the number of branches 142 arranged vertically has little influence on the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure 12, and the difference is within 0.5 dB.

[0148] In the above embodiment, when it is necessary to adjust the resonant frequency of the fourth resonant mode, the number of the second ground branches 152 can be adjusted to achieve this. In addition, by changing the circumference of the first radiating ring 141 and the height of the branches 142, the frequency ratio of the mode f2, the mode f3 and the base mode f1 can be adjusted.

[0149] Figure 28 Another structure diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment is shown. As shown, Figure 28 Between two adjacent branches 142, the first segment of the first radiating ring 141 has a gap 1412 (or a slot), and the gap 1412 is located in the middle region of the first segment. Wherein, the length of the first segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring 141 is L, and the middle region refers to the region within L / 5 to L / 3 from the length midpoint of the first segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring 141.

[0150] In an embodiment, the base mode f1 current zero point (i.e. the current reversal point) is located at the length midpoint of the first segment, and the position of the gap 1412 can be set at the current reversal point, so as to reduce the influence of the gap 1412 on the current distribution of the first antenna substructure. Figure 29 The S11 comparison diagram of the antenna structure with different width gaps is shown, Figure 28 The efficiency comparison diagram of the antenna structure with different width gaps is shown. As shown, Figure 30 The S11 comparison diagram of the antenna structure with different width gaps is shown, Figure 28 The efficiency comparison diagram of the antenna structure with different width gaps is shown. As shown, Figure 29 and Figure 30As shown, slots 1412 of different widths do not affect the existence of resonant modes of antenna structure 12, but they do produce a certain frequency offset. Specifically, for the first resonant mode, the frequency with slot 1412 is lower than without slot 1412, while the width of slot 1412 does not affect the frequency. For the second resonant mode, the frequency shifts to higher frequencies after slotting, and the wider the slot 1412, the higher the frequency. For the third resonant mode, the frequency shifts to higher frequencies after slotting, and the wider the slot 1412, the higher the frequency. For the fourth resonant mode, the effect of slotting is relatively small. Therefore, the efficiency difference between slotted and non-slotted antenna structure 12 is within 0.5 dB, and the impact is minimal.

[0151] Figure 31 This is a schematic diagram of the first radiation ring in an embodiment of this application. Figure 28 and Figure 31 As shown, the shape of the first radiating ring 141 may include a circular ring or an elliptical ring; or, the shape of the first radiating ring 141 may also include a polygon, such as a rectangle, pentagon, hexagon or octagon, etc.; of course, the shape of the first radiating ring 141 may also include other irregular shapes, and this application does not impose specific limitations.

[0152] Figure 32 This is another schematic diagram of the electronic device in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 33 As shown, when specifically configuring the electronic device 10, the electronic device 10 may further include a first cover plate 17 and a second cover plate (not shown in the figure). The first cover plate 17 and the second cover plate are respectively disposed at both ends of the metal ring housing 11, and together with the metal ring housing 11, form a receiving cavity. The circuit board 13 and the antenna structure 12 are disposed within the receiving cavity. The aforementioned first cover plate 17 can also be used as the display surface of the electronic device 10. Specifically, the first cover plate 17 is insulated from the metal ring housing 11. The first cover plate 17 has a conductive area 171, and there is a gap between the conductive area 171 and the metal ring housing 11. In order to avoid the metal ring housing 11 affecting the function of the conductive area 171, the aforementioned gap can be set to be greater than or equal to 0.02λ.

[0153] In practical applications, due to limitations in layout space and manufacturing technology, the aforementioned multiple branches 142 can be non-uniformly distributed along the circumference of the first radiation ring. The antenna structure 12 will be described in detail below using the non-uniform distribution of the aforementioned multiple branches 142 as an example.

[0154] Figure 34 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna structure in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 33As shown, the antenna structure 12 includes a first radiating structure 14. The first radiating structure 14 includes a first radiating ring 141 and multiple branches 142. The multiple branches 142 include a feed branch 1421 and a first ground branch 1422. The feed branch 1421 and the first ground branch 1422 are asymmetrically arranged along the first radiating ring 141, dividing the first radiating ring 141 into a first radiating ring segment a and a second radiating ring segment b. The length of the first radiating ring segment a along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring 141 is greater than the length of the second radiating ring segment b along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring 141. When the feed branch 1421 feeds the first radiating ring 141, the feed branch 1421, the first ground branch 1422, and the first radiating ring segment a form a third antenna substructure, and the feed branch 1421, the first ground branch 1422, and the second radiating ring segment b form a fourth antenna substructure. The current distribution on the third and fourth antenna substructures is similar. Figure 34 for Figure 35 The current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure in the first resonant mode. (See diagram for example.) Figure 33 As shown, specifically, the current distribution of the third antenna substructure includes a first unidirectional current distribution on two adjacent stubs 142, and a reverse current distribution on the first radiating loop a and the second radiating loop b, wherein the reverse current distribution on the first radiating loop a and the second radiating loop b each has a current reversal point. At this time, the first radiating structure 14 generates the fundamental mode f1, i.e., the first resonant mode. Since the perimeter of the first radiating loop a is greater than the perimeter of the second radiating loop b, the current distribution on the second radiating loop b is weaker than the current distribution on the first radiating loop a. When the perimeter of the first radiating loop a is much greater than the perimeter of the second radiating loop b, the current distribution on the second radiating loop b can be ignored. In this case, the fundamental mode f1 is mainly generated by the third antenna substructure formed by the feed stub 1421, the first grounding stub 1422, and the first radiating loop a.

[0155] Of course, the aforementioned electronic device 10 can also be used to generate various working modes. Depending on the specific application requirements, the electronic device 10 can meet the needs of dual-frequency or multi-frequency scenarios. Figure 36 for Figure 33 The current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure in the second resonant mode. (See diagram for example.) Figure 37 As shown, in one embodiment, when the feed stub 1421 feeds the first radiating ring 141, the first radiating ring 141 can also be used to generate a second resonance. The frequency of the resonant point of the second resonance is higher than the frequency of the resonant point of the first resonance. The second resonance mode corresponds to the 1λ mode of the first radiating ring 141, i.e., mode f2 of the antenna structure 12. This mode f2 is a 1λ convection mode, and its current distribution includes a second reverse current distribution on the first radiating ring 141, having two current reversal points.

[0156] In another embodiment, when the feed branch 1421 feeds the first radiation ring 141, the first radiation ring 141 can also be used to generate a third resonance. Figure 33 for Figure 38 The current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure in the third resonant mode. (See diagram for example.) Figure 33 As shown, in this embodiment, the third resonance corresponds to the 1.5λ mode of antenna structure 12, which is represented as the higher-order mode of antenna structure 12, i.e., mode f3. This mode f3 is a higher-order mode of the fundamental mode f1, and the frequency of the resonant point of the third resonance is higher than the frequency of the resonant point of the first resonance.

[0157] In another embodiment, when the feed branch 1421 feeds the first radiation ring 141, the first radiation ring 141 can also be used to generate a fourth resonance. Figure 39 for Figure 33 The current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure in the fourth resonant mode. (See diagram for example.) Figure 38 As shown, in this embodiment, the fourth resonance corresponds to the 2λ mode of the antenna structure, which is represented as the higher-order mode of antenna structure 12, i.e., mode f4. This mode f4 is a higher-order mode of mode f2, and the frequency of the resonant point of the fourth resonance is higher than the frequency of the resonant point of the third resonance.

[0158] In another embodiment, when the feed branch 1421 feeds the first radiation ring 141, the first radiation ring 141 can also be used to generate a fifth resonance. Figure 39 for Figure 40 The current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure in the fifth resonant mode. (See diagram for example.) Figure 40 As shown, when the feed stub 1421 feeds the first radiating ring 141, the first radiating ring 141 can generate a fifth resonance, corresponding to the 0.5λ mode of antenna structure 12, denoted as mode f5 of antenna structure 12. The current distribution of this mode 5 includes the same-direction current on the feed stub 1421 and the first ground stub 1422, and the reverse current on the second radiating ring segment b, which has a current reversal point. Therefore, mode f5 is mainly generated by the fourth antenna substructure formed by the feed stub 1421, the first ground stub 1422, and the second radiating ring segment b.

[0159] In one specific embodiment, when the feed branch 1421 feeds the first radiation ring 141, the first radiation ring 141 can be used to generate a first resonance, a second resonance, a third resonance, a fourth resonance, and a fifth resonance. Figure 40 for Figure 40 The diagram shows the S11 configuration of the antenna structure in the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth resonance modes. (See diagram for example.) Figure 40 As shown, the antenna structure 12 of this embodiment can generate multiple operating modes and can be applied to dual-frequency or multi-frequency application scenarios.

[0160] Figure 41 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna structure in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 40 As shown, in some other embodiments of this application, the electronic device 10 includes a housing (not shown) and an antenna structure 12 disposed inside the housing. The antenna structure 12 specifically includes a first radiator 121, a second radiator 122, and at least two branches 142. The first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 are identical and symmetrically arranged. In other words, the shape of the first radiator 121 is the same as the shape of the second radiator 122, and the size of the first radiator 121 is the same as the size of the second radiator 122. The at least two branches 142 connect the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122. That is, the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 are arranged opposite to each other, and the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the branches 142.

[0161] In this application, the specific number of branches 142 is not limited; for example, at least two branches 142 can include two, three, four, six, or eight, etc. Figure 41 In the illustrated embodiment, the number of branches 142 is 3.

[0162] Please continue reading. Figure 42 The antenna structure 12 also includes a feed point F. The feed point F may be located on one of the at least two branches 142. Alternatively, the feed point F may be located on the first radiator 121 and positioned close to one of the at least two branches 142.

[0163] The antenna structure 12 in the above embodiment can be used to generate a sixth resonance. For example... Figure 40 As shown, the feed point F can be located on a stub 142. Specifically, among the at least two stubs 142, any two adjacent stubs 142 can divide the first radiator 121 into a first segment and a second segment, and can divide the second radiator 122 into a third segment and a fourth segment. The length of the second segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiator 121 is greater than or equal to the length of the first segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiator 121, and the length of the fourth segment along the circumferential direction of the second radiator 122 is greater than or equal to the length of the third segment along the circumferential direction of the second radiator 122. In the sixth resonance mode, the antenna structure 12 can be equivalently formed by connecting multiple antenna substructures. Each antenna substructure specifically includes any two adjacent stubs 142, and a first segment and a third segment located between any two adjacent stubs 142. Figure 42 for Figure 43 Current distribution diagram of antenna structure 12 in the sixth resonant mode. (See diagram below.) Figure 40As shown, the current distribution of the antenna structure 12 generating the sixth resonance mode includes a first forward current distribution on any two adjacent branches 142, a first reverse current distribution on the first segment, and a second reverse current distribution on the third segment, the first and second reverse current distributions each having a current reversal point. At this time, the antenna structure 12 generates the base mode f6 (f6 includes 5.9 GHz). Figure 44 As shown, the current distribution of the antenna structure 12 generating the sixth resonance mode includes a first forward current distribution on any two adjacent branches 142, a first reverse current distribution on the first segment, and a second reverse current distribution on the third segment, the first and second reverse current distributions each having a current reversal point. At this time, the antenna structure 12 generates the base mode f6 (f6 includes 5.9 GHz). Figure 40 As shown, the current distribution of the antenna structure 12 generating the sixth resonance mode includes a first forward current distribution on any two adjacent branches 142, a first reverse current distribution on the first segment, and a second reverse current distribution on the third segment, the first and second reverse current distributions each having a current reversal point. At this time, the antenna structure 12 generates the base mode f6 (f6 includes 5.9 GHz). Figure 43 As shown, the current distribution of the antenna structure 12 generating the sixth resonance mode includes a first forward current distribution on any two adjacent branches 142, a first reverse current distribution on the first segment, and a second reverse current distribution on the third segment, the first and second reverse current distributions each having a current reversal point. At this time, the antenna structure 12 generates the base mode f6 (f6 includes 5.9 GHz). Figure 44 As shown, the current distribution of the antenna structure 12 generating the sixth resonance mode includes a first forward current distribution on any two adjacent branches 142, a first reverse current distribution on the first segment, and a second reverse current distribution on the third segment, the first and second reverse current distributions each having a current reversal point. At this time, the antenna structure 12 generates the base mode f6 (f6 includes 5.9 GHz). Figure 40 As shown, the current distribution of the antenna structure 12 generating the sixth resonance mode includes a first forward current distribution on any two adjacent branches 142, a first reverse current distribution on the first segment, and a second reverse current distribution on the third segment, the first and second reverse current distributions each having a current reversal point. At this time, the antenna structure 12 generates the base mode f6 (f6 includes 5.9 GHz). Figure 45 As shown, the current distribution of the antenna structure 12 generating the sixth resonance mode includes a first forward current distribution on any two adjacent branches 142, a first reverse current distribution on the first segment, and a second reverse current distribution on the third segment, the first and second reverse current distributions each having a current reversal point. At this time, the antenna structure 12 generates the base mode f6 (f6 includes 5.9 GHz). Figure 45 As shown, the current distribution of the antenna structure 12 generating the sixth resonance mode includes a first forward current distribution on any two adjacent branches 142, a first reverse current distribution on the first segment, and a second reverse current distribution on the third segment, the first and second reverse current distributions each having a current reversal point. At this time, the antenna structure 12 generates the base mode f6 (f6 includes 5.9 GHz). Figure 45 As shown, the current distribution of the antenna structure 12 generating the sixth resonance mode includes a first forward current distribution on any two adjacent branches 142, a first reverse current distribution on the first segment, and a second reverse current distribution on the third segment, the first and second reverse current distributions each having a current reversal point. At this time, the antenna structure 12 generates the base mode f6 (f6 includes 5.9 GHz). Figure 46 As shown, the current distribution of the antenna structure 12 generating the sixth resonance mode includes a first forward current distribution on any two adjacent branches 142, a first reverse current distribution on the first segment, and a second reverse current distribution on the third segment, the first and second reverse current distributions each having a current reversal point. At this time, the antenna structure 12 generates the base mode f6 (f6 includes 5.9 GHz).

[0164] The electronic device 10 of the above embodiment can be applied to a vehicle. For example, in an embodiment, the electronic device 10 can be a telematics box (TBox) for communicating with multiple electronic systems such as a mobile phone, a background system, or a base station, so as to realize display and control of vehicle information. The electronic device 10 can be installed in the vehicle, and can be located on the top of the vehicle, in the cabin, or in the engine compartment, so as to communicate with different electronic devices at any position inside the vehicle, or different electronic devices at any position outside the vehicle. In this embodiment, the electronic device 10 can be integrated with other electronic devices of the vehicle, and the shell can be a fixed support of the antenna structure 12; or the electronic device 10 can also be a separate device, and the outer surface of the shell can be an appearance surface of the electronic device 10. In another embodiment, the electronic device 10 can be a vehicle key, so as to realize operation of the vehicle key on the vehicle at any position. In this embodiment, the shell can be a shell of the vehicle key. In actual application, the shell of the electronic device 10 of the present application can be a shell made of a non-metallic material. Of course, the shell can also be partially made of a metallic material, which is not limited here.

[0165] In one embodiment, in each antenna substructure, the sum of the lengths of the first segment, the third segment, and the two stubs 142 is within the range of (0.8 ± 0.25)λ, further improving the omnidirectional radiation performance of the antenna structure 12. In other words, the sum of half the length of the first segment, half the length of the third segment, and the length of the stub 142 connecting the first and third segments is within the range of (0.4 ± 0.125)λ, where λ is the free-space wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the sixth resonance.

[0166] In practical applications, the shape of the antenna structure 12 can be specifically set according to the application scenario. For example, Figure 45 As shown, in one embodiment, the length of each branch 142 may be greater than the length of the first segment, so that the shape of the antenna structure 12 is elongated, which can reduce the width of the antenna structure 12. Figure 47 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna structure in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 45 As shown, in another embodiment, the length of each branch 142 may also be less than the length of the first segment, so that the shape of the antenna structure 12 is short and stout, which can reduce the height dimension of the antenna structure 12.

[0167] Please continue reading. Figure 48 In the electronic device 10 of this application, the number of branches 142 can also be 1. Figure 45 for Figure 46 Current distribution diagram of the antenna structure in the sixth resonant mode. Figure 47 for Figure 48 The E-plane radiation pattern of the antenna structure in the middle. Figure 40 for Figure 45 The H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna structure. (Example) Figure 40 , Figure 45 and Figure 49 As shown, when the number of stubs 142 is reduced to 1, the feed point F can be located on the first radiator 121 and close to the stub 142. The current reversal point on the first radiator 121 can be located opposite to the feed point F, and the current reversal point on the second radiator 122 can be located at the connection point between the stub 142 and the second radiator 122. In this way, in the sixth resonance mode, the current on the first radiator 121 and the current on the second radiator 122 can still cancel each other out, and vertical polarization radiation is achieved directly. That is to say, the number of stubs 142 does not affect the vertical polarization radiation of the antenna structure 12.

[0168] like Figure 49 and Figure 50As shown, between two adjacent branches 142, the first radiator 121 may have a slot or gap, the slot or gap of the first radiator 121 being located at the current reversal point of the first segment. Similarly, the second radiator 122 may also have a slot or gap, the slot or gap of the second radiator 122 being located at the current reversal point of the third segment.

[0169] In the electronic device 10 of this application, the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 have the same shape. Specifically, the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 can be annular radiators, for example, they can include triangles, circles, squares or other polygons. Figure 49 and Figure 50 As shown, in one embodiment, the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 are respectively radiation rings. The aforementioned at least two branches 142 are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the radiation rings, and the aforementioned at least two branches 142 are of equal size. Of course, the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 can also be other shapes.

[0170] Figure 51 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna structure in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 49 As shown, in another embodiment, taking a first radiator 121 as an example, the first radiator 121 includes at least three radiating branches, one end of each of these radiating branches converging to a point and connecting thereto, and the other end extending in a direction away from that point, with the other ends of these radiating branches arranged in an axial direction. In this embodiment, the included angle between any two adjacent radiating branches is equal. Figure 52 for Figure 49 Current distribution diagram of the antenna structure in the sixth resonant mode. (See diagram for example.) Figure 53 As shown, the current on the first radiator 121 flows from the other end of the radiating branch to the first end, and the current on the second radiator 122 flows from the first end of the radiating branch to the other end. Figure 49 for Figure 54 3D radiation pattern of the antenna structure in the sixth resonant mode. Figure 49 for Figure 55 Diagram S11 of the antenna structure. Figure 49 for Figures 51 to 55 A schematic diagram illustrating the efficiency of the antenna structure. ​ for ​ The E-plane radiation pattern of the antenna structure in the middle. ​ for ​ The H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna structure. (Example) ​As shown, in the mode of the sixth resonance, the current on the first radiator 121 and the current on the second radiator 122 can still be cancelled, and vertical polarization radiation is directly achieved. Therefore, as long as the current on the first radiator 121 and the current on the second radiator 122 are reversed to achieve the cancellation of the horizontally polarized current, the shape of the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 does not affect the vertical polarization radiation of the antenna structure 12.

[0171] The above merely provides the specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, comprising: An antenna structure is located in the shell, wherein: The shell comprises a metal ring shell body extending along an axial direction; The antenna structure comprises a circuit board and a first radiating structure arranged on one side of the circuit board; The first radiating structure comprises a first radiating ring and a plurality of branches; the axial direction of the first radiating ring is arranged at an angle to the circuit board, and the axial direction of the first radiating ring is parallel to the axial direction of the metal ring shell body; the plurality of branches are arranged between the first radiating ring and the circuit board along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring, and electrically connect the first radiating ring and the circuit board; the plurality of branches comprise a feeding branch and at least two first grounding branches, the feeding branch is electrically connected to the signal layer of the circuit board and is used for feeding the first radiating ring, and the at least two first grounding branches are electrically connected to the ground layer of the circuit board and are used for grounding; Any two adjacent branches divide the first radiating ring into a first segment and a second segment, the length of the second segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring is greater than the length of the first segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring; the first radiating structure comprises a plurality of first antenna sub-structures for generating a first resonance; each first antenna sub-structure comprises two adjacent branches and the first segment of the first radiating ring between the two adjacent branches.

2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The first distance between the first radiating ring and the circuit board; on the side of the circuit board facing the first radiating structure, the second distance between the end of the metal ring shell body away from the circuit board and the circuit board is greater than the first distance, and the second distance is less than or equal to 0.22λ, where λ is the free space wavelength corresponding to the resonant point frequency of the first resonance.

3. The electronic device of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The first radiating ring comprises a plurality of first segments, and the lengths of the plurality of first segments along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring are equal, and the sizes of the plurality of branches are equal.

4. The electronic device of claim 3, wherein, The length of the first segment is d1, the lengths of the two adjacent branches are d2 and d3 respectively, and the sum of d1, d2 and d3 is within the range of (0.5±0.125)λ.

5. The electronic device of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The current distribution of the first radiating structure generating the first resonance comprises a first same-direction current distribution on the two adjacent branches and a first reverse current distribution on the first segment of the first radiating ring between the two adjacent branches, and the first reverse current distribution has a current reversal point.

6. The electronic device of claim 4, wherein, Between the two adjacent branches, the first radiating ring has a slot or a gap located in the middle region of the first segment.

7. The electronic device of any of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The first radiating ring is used to generate a second resonance, and the resonant point frequency of the second resonance is higher than the resonant point frequency of the first resonance; The current distribution of the first radiating ring generating the second resonance comprises a second reverse current distribution on the first radiating ring, and the second reverse current distribution has two current reversal points.

8. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein, The first radiating ring is also configured to generate a third resonance, a resonant point of the third resonance having a frequency higher than a frequency of a resonant point of the second resonance. The current distribution of the first radiating ring generating the third resonance includes a third reverse current distribution on the first radiating ring, the third reverse current distribution having four current reverse points.

9. The electronic device of claim 7 or 8, wherein, The antenna structure further comprises a second radiating structure, the second radiating structure comprising a second radiating ring and at least two second ground branches; an axial direction of the second radiating ring is parallel to an axial direction of the first radiating ring, a minimum inner diameter of the second radiating ring is greater than a maximum outer diameter of the first radiating ring; the at least two second ground branches are arranged between the second radiating ring and the circuit board along a circumferential direction of the second radiating ring, and electrically connect the second radiating ring and the circuit board; Any two adjacent second ground branches divide the second radiating ring into a third segment and a fourth segment, a length of the fourth segment along the circumferential direction of the second radiating ring is greater than a length of the third segment along the circumferential direction of the second radiating ring; The second radiating structure comprises a plurality of second antenna sub-structures, the plurality of second antenna sub-structures being configured to generate a fourth resonance; each second antenna sub-structure comprises two adjacent second ground branches and the third segment of the second radiating ring between the two adjacent second ground branches.

10. The electronic device of claim 9, wherein, The second radiating ring comprises a plurality of third segments, and lengths of the third segments along the circumferential direction of the second radiating ring are equal, and sizes of the at least two second ground branches are equal.

11. The electronic device of claim 9 or 10, wherein, The current distribution of the second radiating structure generating the fourth resonance includes a second same-direction current distribution on the two adjacent second ground branches and a fourth reverse current distribution on the third segment of the second radiating ring between the two adjacent second ground branches, the fourth reverse current distribution having one current reverse point.

12. The electronic device of any of claims 9 to 11, wherein, A third distance is between the second radiating ring and the circuit board, a first distance is between the first radiating ring and the circuit board, the third distance is greater than zero and less than the first distance.

13. The electronic device of any of claims 1 to 12, wherein, A fourth distance is between the first radiating ring and the metal ring shell along the circumferential direction of the metal ring shell, the fourth distance is greater than or equal to 0.024λ.

14. An electronic device, comprising: An antenna structure is located in the shell, wherein: The antenna structure comprises a first radiating body, a second radiating body and at least two branches; the first radiating body and the second radiating body are the same and symmetrically arranged; the at least two branches are connected between the first radiating body and the second radiating body; The antenna structure further comprises a feeding point; the feeding point is located in one of the at least two branches, or the feeding point is located in the first radiating body and is arranged close to one of the at least two branches; The antenna structure further comprises a feeding point; the feeding point is located in one of the at least two branches, or the feeding point is located in the first radiating body and is arranged close to one of the at least two branches; Any two adjacent branches of the at least two branches divide the first radiator into a first section and a second section, and divide the second radiator into a third section and a fourth section; a length of the second section along a circumferential direction of the first radiator is greater than or equal to a length of the first section along the circumferential direction of the first radiator; a length of the fourth section along a circumferential direction of the second radiator is greater than or equal to a length of the third section along the circumferential direction of the second radiator; The antenna structure comprises a plurality of antenna sub-structures for generating a sixth resonance; each of the antenna sub-structures comprises the any two adjacent branches, and the first section and the third section between the any two adjacent branches.

15. The electronic device of claim 14, wherein, The electronic device is a vehicle infotainment system, and the electronic device is installed in the vehicle; or the electronic device is a vehicle key.

16. The electronic device of claim 14 or 15, wherein, In each of the antenna sub-structures, a length of the first section, a length of the third section, and a sum of lengths of the two branches are within a range of (0.8±0.25)λ, where λ is a free space wavelength corresponding to a resonant point frequency of the sixth resonance.

17. The electronic device of any of claims 14 to 16, wherein, The first radiator and the second radiator are respectively radiation rings; the at least two branches are equidistantly arranged along a circumferential direction of the radiation ring, and sizes of the at least two branches are equal.

18. The electronic device of claim 17, wherein, A length of each of the branches is greater than a length of the first section; or a length of each of the branches is less than the length of the first section.

19. The electronic device of any of claims 14 to 18, wherein, The current distribution of the antenna structure generating the sixth resonance comprises a first forward current distribution on the any two adjacent branches, a first reverse current distribution on the first section, and a second reverse current distribution on the third section, and the first reverse current distribution and the second reverse current distribution each have a current reversal point.

20. The electronic device of claim 19, wherein, The first radiator has a slot or a gap, and the slot or the gap of the first radiator is located at the current reversal point of the first section; And / or The second radiator has a slot or a gap, and the slot or the gap of the second radiator is located at the current reversal point of the third section.

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