Capacitor storage power supply circuit based on UPS management power supply

Abstract

The invention discloses a capacitor storage power supply circuit based on a UPS (Uninterrupted Power Supply) management power supply, and belongs to the technical field of power supplies. The transformer T1 is used for voltage conversion and isolation; the rectifier diode D3 is connected to the output end of the transformer T1 and used for converting alternating current into direct current; the filter capacitors EC2 and C3 are connected to the output end of the rectifier diode D3 and used for filtering and voltage stabilization; the capacitor energy storage unit is formed by connecting a plurality of super capacitors in series and is used for storing electric energy; the control circuit monitors the state of the main power supply in real time, and automatically switches the capacitor to discharge and supply power when detecting that the main power supply is interrupted; according to the utility model, the load output is realized, power is supplied to external equipment through the connector CN1, high-efficiency energy management, instant response and system safety are taken into consideration, the system is particularly suitable for medical equipment and computer systems, reliable power support is provided when a power supply is unstable or interrupted, important equipment is reminded to store important data in time, and the operation stability and safety of the equipment are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power supply, and more particularly to a capacitor storage circuit based on UPS power supply management. Background Art

[0002] UPS is an uninterruptible power supply, which is an uninterruptible power supply with energy storage device. It is mainly used to provide uninterruptible power supply to some equipment with high requirements for power supply stability. When the mains input is normal, UPS stabilizes the mains and supplies it to the load. At this time, UPS is an AC voltage stabilizer, and it also charges the battery inside the machine; when the mains power is interrupted (accidental power outage), UPS immediately switches the DC power of the battery to the load through the inverter switching method to continue to supply 220V AC power to the load, so that the load maintains normal operation and protects the load software and hardware from damage. UPS equipment can usually provide protection against overvoltage or undervoltage.

[0003] UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) technology using large capacitor discharge delay is an important power management solution designed to provide continuous power supply when the main power fails. UPS is a device used to provide short-term power support to ensure that critical equipment (such as computers, servers and medical equipment) can continue to operate when the power is interrupted to avoid data loss or equipment damage.

[0004] However, the UPS (uninterruptible power supply) technology in the prior art obviously has the following disadvantages:

[0005] 1. Energy density: The energy density of capacitors is usually lower than that of batteries, and a larger volume may be required to store sufficient energy;

[0006] 2. Discharge time control: The discharge time is short, and the circuit needs to be precisely designed to ensure that the discharge time meets the power demand of the load;

[0007] 3. Using battery to delay charging, the battery charging time is long, complex battery management circuits are required, and the battery life is limited. Summary of the invention

[0008] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0009] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a capacitor storage circuit based on UPS management power supply. The present invention uses multiple large capacitors in series to increase the voltage to meet the needs of the equipment. The capacitor can provide power at the moment of power outage without delay, which is crucial for equipment that requires continuous power supply. The service life of supercapacitors is usually longer than that of batteries, especially in applications with frequent charging and discharging, the performance of supercapacitors decays slowly. Compared with batteries, capacitors do not need to be replaced or maintained regularly, reducing operating costs and maintenance work. Capacitors can provide high power output in a short time and are suitable for equipment with large instantaneous current requirements. The present invention can achieve 18S under 1A load after power failure, and the full charge time can be achieved in 20 to 30S.

[0010] 2. Technical solution

[0011] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0012] A capacitor storage circuit based on UPS power management, comprising:

[0013] The main power supply is connected to the mains through connector CN1;

[0014] Transformer T1, used for voltage conversion and isolation;

[0015] A rectifier diode D3 is connected to the output end of the transformer T1 to convert AC power into DC power;

[0016] Filter capacitor EC2, C3, connected to the output end of rectifier diode D3, is used for filtering and voltage stabilization;

[0017] Capacitor energy storage unit, composed of multiple supercapacitors in series, used to store electrical energy;

[0018] The control circuit monitors the status of the main power supply in real time and automatically switches the capacitor to discharge the power supply when a power outage is detected;

[0019] Load output, supplies power to external devices through connector CN1.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, it further includes positive and negative poles of the power supply (VCC and GND2), wherein VCC is connected to the output of the rectifier diode D3, and GND2 serves as a common ground line.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the capacitor energy storage unit includes multiple supercapacitors, specifically capacitors EC5, EC6, EC7, EC8, EC9, EC11, EC12, and EC13, these supercapacitors are used to store electrical energy, and the control circuit includes multiple controllers U4, U5, U6, U7, U8, U9, U10, U11, which are connected to the above-mentioned supercapacitors and are respectively connected to each controller through resistors R27, R28, R29, R30, R31, R32, R33, R34 and R46, for monitoring and managing the charging and discharging status of the capacitor. The control circuit is responsible for automatically switching to capacitor discharge power supply when the main power supply is interrupted to ensure continuous supply of electricity.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, the capacitor energy storage unit further includes a resistor R47 and a resistor R48 connected in series for protecting the circuit.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention, the control circuit further includes a MOS tube Q8 to control power switching and power distribution.

[0024] As a further improvement of the present invention, a resistor R49 and a resistor R50 are further included to set the driving current and voltage of the MOS tube Q8.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, a protection diode D12 is further included to protect the circuit from possible reverse voltage damage.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present invention, a resistor R54 and a resistor R55 are further included, which cooperate with the low-power dual operational amplifier U13 to form a voltage feedback network for setting and adjusting the output voltage.

[0027] As a further improvement of the present invention, it further includes a capacitor EC15 and a protection diode D7, which are connected between the power supply VCC and the ground line GND2. The capacitor EC15 is used to stabilize the power supply voltage and reduce high-frequency noise and power supply fluctuations. The protection diode D7 is used to prevent the voltage from being reversed or too high to protect the circuit from damage.

[0028] 3. Beneficial effects

[0029] (1) The capacitor energy storage unit of this solution can provide power at the moment of power outage without any delay, which is crucial for critical equipment that requires continuous power supply (such as medical equipment and computer systems).

[0030] (2) The capacitor of the present invention has a long service life and its performance decays slowly due to frequent charging and discharging. Compared with batteries, capacitors do not need to be replaced or maintained regularly, which greatly reduces maintenance costs and operating work.

[0031] (3) The system of the present invention can provide high power output in a short time and is suitable for equipment with large instantaneous current demand, such as high-performance servers and industrial equipment.

[0032] (4) The system of the present invention ensures the continuity of power supply and the integrity of the circuit through intelligent control circuits and protection mechanisms. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is the circuit principle diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a partial circuit schematic diagram of the capacitor energy storage unit part of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Embodiment 1:

[0037] See also Figure 1-2 , a capacitor storage circuit based on UPS power management:

[0038] Main power access:

[0039] Connect the mains via connector CN1 to provide primary power to the system.

[0040] Voltage conversion and isolation:

[0041] Transformer T1 is used to convert and isolate voltage to ensure the safety of the circuit.

[0042] Rectification and filtering:

[0043] Rectifier diode D3 converts the AC output of transformer T1 into DC.

[0044] Filter capacitors EC2 and EC3 are connected to the output end of D3 to smooth the DC output and reduce voltage fluctuations.

[0045] Capacitor energy storage unit:

[0046] Including capacitors EC5, EC6, EC7, EC8, EC9, EC11, EC12, and EC13, these supercapacitors are connected in series to efficiently store electrical energy.

[0047] The capacitor energy storage unit is connected to controllers U4 to U11 through resistors R27 to R34 and R46 to monitor and manage the capacitor charging and discharging status.

[0048] Capacitors EC5, EC6, EC7, EC8, EC9, EC11, EC12, and EC13 are 2.7V supercapacitors, which can reach a voltage of 24V when connected in series. Controllers U4 to U11 protect each capacitor.

[0049] Control circuit:

[0050] Monitors the main power status and automatically switches to capacitor discharge power supply to ensure continuous power supply to the equipment when power interruption is detected.

[0051] Power switching and power distribution:

[0052] The MOS tube Q8 is used to control the switching of power and the distribution of electric power.

[0053] Resistors R49 and R50 are used to set the drive current and voltage of Q8 to ensure the accuracy of the switching action.

[0054] Circuit Protection:

[0055] Resistors R47 and R48 are connected in series to provide additional protection for the circuit and are used to control the voltage to about 24V, otherwise the capacitor voltage will be too high.

[0056] Protection diode D12 prevents possible reverse voltage damage.

[0057] Capacitor EC15 and protection diode D7 are connected between the power supply VCC and the ground line GND2 to further stabilize the power supply voltage and prevent voltage abnormality.

[0058] Voltage Regulation:

[0059] The low-power dual operational amplifier U13 cooperates with resistors R54 and R55 to form a voltage feedback network to accurately adjust the output voltage to meet the voltage requirements of different devices.

[0060] U13 may further include U13A and U13B to form a voltage feedback circuit.

[0061] U13A is used to monitor the voltage of the capacitor energy storage unit. It can ensure that the capacitor group is correctly charged to the required voltage (such as 24V) during the charging stage.

[0062] U13B can detect when the capacitor has discharged to a certain voltage threshold and then shut down MOS tube Q8 to interrupt the discharge process of the capacitor. The voltage threshold is approximately 15-18V, which helps ensure that the load has sufficient power support in the event of a power failure. At the same time, it shuts down the discharge process in time before the energy of the capacitor energy storage unit is exhausted to prevent the load from being damaged or malfunctioning due to low voltage.

[0063] Working principle:

[0064] Charging stage: Under normal working conditions, the input voltage VIN and the resistor R44 are connected in series to the capacitor energy storage unit to pre-charge the capacitor energy storage unit. After charging to a certain voltage, it is charged by U16. It only takes 13 to 15 seconds to fully charge. Directly using U16 to charge because the current passing through the capacitor is too large when it is out of power will be protected by the circuit and cannot be charged normally. The charging time using the input voltage VIN alone will be very long. Therefore, using two methods for complementary charging can not only shorten the long charging time, but also ensure the good charging effect of the capacitor energy storage unit. The control circuit continuously monitors the power supply voltage to ensure that the supercapacitor remains fully charged.

[0065] Discharge stage: When the main power supply fails or the mains power is interrupted (such as a 220V power outage), the control circuit detects a voltage drop, the MOS tube Q8 opens, and the capacitor immediately starts the discharge process. The capacitor outputs power to the load through the control circuit to provide instantaneous power support. The control circuit can adjust the discharge rate to ensure that the load has enough time to shut down safely or switch to the backup power supply when the power fails.

[0066] Embodiment 2:

[0067] The balanced charging and voltage balanced distribution technology of each capacitor can be realized through the control circuit, specifically the controller U4 to U11, to ensure the consistent voltage of all capacitors and prevent overcharging and undercharging. The controller has the ability to adjust the charging state of each capacitor individually, which not only ensures that the voltage of all supercapacitors reaches the same level, prolongs the service life of supercapacitors and improves the overall performance, but also can balance the discharge through intelligent control strategy when the power is interrupted, ensuring that each capacitor in the capacitor group is evenly discharged, providing continuous and stable power output, and the adapter is the UPS switching power supply of the Huazhong CNC system HPC-200, HPC-300, HPC-220 and other hardware power supplies.

[0068] The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present invention; however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and improved concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A capacitor storage circuit based on UPS power management, characterized in that: include: The main power supply is connected to the mains through connector CN1; Transformer T1, used for voltage conversion and isolation; A rectifier diode D3 is connected to the output end of the transformer T1 to convert AC power into DC power; Filter capacitor EC2, C3, connected to the output end of rectifier diode D3, is used for filtering and voltage stabilization; Capacitive energy storage unit, composed of multiple supercapacitors in series, used to store electrical energy; The control circuit monitors the status of the main power supply in real time and automatically switches the capacitor to discharge the power supply when a power outage is detected; Load output, supplying power to external devices through connector CN1; The positive and negative poles of the power supply (VCC and GND2), where VCC is connected to the output of the rectifier diode D3, and GND2 serves as the common ground.

2. The capacitor storage circuit based on UPS power management according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes an input voltage VIN and a resistor R44, which are connected in series to a capacitor energy storage unit to charge the capacitor energy storage unit. After the capacitor energy storage unit is charged to a certain voltage, it is charged by U16 to shorten the charging time.

3. A controller UPS management power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capacitor energy storage unit includes multiple supercapacitors, specifically capacitors EC5, EC6, EC7, EC8, EC9, EC11, EC12, and EC13. These supercapacitors are used to store electrical energy. The capacitor voltage limiting circuit includes multiple U4, U5, U6, U7, U8, U9, U10, and U11, which are connected to the above-mentioned supercapacitors and are respectively connected to each controller through resistors R27, R28, R29, R30, R31, R32, R33, R34 and R46 for protecting the capacitor. The capacitor voltage limiting circuit is responsible for charging the capacitor in real time when the main power supply is supplied; so that the capacitor is always in a saturated state; and ensuring the continuous supply of electricity.

4. The capacitor storage circuit based on UPS power management according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capacitor energy storage unit further includes a resistor R47 and a resistor R48 connected in series for protecting the circuit.

5. The capacitor storage circuit based on UPS power management according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control circuit further includes a MOS tube Q8 for controlling the switching between the main power supply and the capacitor power supply.

6. The capacitor storage circuit based on UPS power management according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a resistor R49 and a resistor R50, which are used to set the driving current and voltage of the MOS tube Q8.

7. The capacitor storage circuit based on UPS power management according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protection diode D12 is further included to protect the circuit from possible reverse voltage damage.

8. The capacitor storage circuit based on UPS power management according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes resistors R54 and R55, which cooperate with the low-power dual operational amplifier U13 to form a voltage feedback network for detecting that the output voltage of the capacitor is lower than the set threshold after discharge and immediately cutting off the power supply, so that the capacitor maintains a certain voltage and reduces the time for the next charge.

9. The capacitor storage circuit based on UPS power management according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a capacitor EC15 and a protection diode D7, which are connected between the power supply VCC and the ground line GND2. The capacitor EC15 is used to stabilize the power supply voltage and reduce high-frequency noise and power supply fluctuations. The protection diode D7 is used to prevent the voltage from being reversed or too high to protect the circuit from damage.

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