Photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly performance test system, method and device and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic photo-thermal module performance test system, method and device and a storage medium. The system comprises a compressor, a condenser and a throttling element which are connected in sequence; a first branch and a second branch are connected between an outlet of the throttling element and an inlet of the compressor in parallel, and the first branch and the second branch are controllable in connection and disconnection. The first branch circuit is used for accessing a photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly to be tested; the second branch comprises an adjustable pressure gauge and an evaporator which are connected in series, the adjustable pressure gauge is connected to an outlet of the throttling element, and the evaporator is connected to an inlet of the compressor; and the adjustable heat source is used for outputting target heat power to the photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly. Based on the first branch and the adjustable heat source, the thermal efficiency and pressure drop test of the single photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly can be conveniently and efficiently realized, at least one heat pump system corresponding to the assembly under a specific series-parallel connection structure is constructed based on the adjustable pressure gauge and the evaporator under the condition that the test tool is not changed, and the performance of the heat pump system can be conveniently and efficiently obtained. The test efficiency is improved and the test cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic thermal components, and in particular to a photovoltaic thermal component performance testing system, method, device and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] The energy projected by the sun to the earth is very large, reaching 1.73×10 17 W, equivalent to the total power generated by 173 million million-kilowatt power plants, which is many times greater than the total of various types of energy currently used by humans each year. Therefore, photovoltaic power generation technology is considered to be one of the most promising new energy technologies.

[0003] There are key issues that need to be addressed during the use of photovoltaic power generation: In theory, the better the sunshine conditions, the stronger the sunlight, and the more radiation energy input into the photovoltaic panels, the more electricity the photovoltaic panels can generate. However, photovoltaic panels have the unfavorable phenomenon that their power generation efficiency decreases significantly as their own temperature rises. The better the sunshine conditions, the more significantly the operating temperature of the photovoltaic panels will rise, thereby greatly reducing their power generation efficiency.

[0004] If the waste heat generated by light during photovoltaic operation is removed in time, it can not only maintain the good working temperature of the photovoltaic panel, but also increase the heat output without increasing the photovoltaic area, achieving the goal of killing two birds with one stone. Therefore, the photovoltaic thermal heat pump system has emerged, which consists of a compressor, condenser, throttling element and photovoltaic thermal components connected in a circular manner to form a refrigerant circulation loop. The refrigerant flows through the photovoltaic thermal components, and the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel can be recovered while photovoltaic power generation.

[0005] In view of the rapid development trend of photovoltaic thermal components, it is necessary to test the thermal efficiency of photovoltaic thermal components and the performance of photovoltaic thermal heat pump systems. Different photovoltaic thermal components have different structures and sizes, different flow resistances and thermal efficiencies. The differences in these parameters will lead to significant differences in the performance of the photovoltaic thermal heat pump systems they constitute. The photovoltaic thermal heat pump system can include multiple identical photovoltaic thermal components, which are connected in series and / or in parallel. These components use different series-parallel structures, and their refrigerant flow paths are different, corresponding to different flow rates and thermal efficiencies, which will also significantly affect the performance of the photovoltaic thermal heat pump system.

[0006] At present, in the actual test process, for the test object, it is necessary to build a corresponding component series-parallel structure. The photovoltaic thermal components are large in area and occupy a large space, which may exceed the volume of the laboratory, making the experiment difficult to carry out. In addition, the different number of photovoltaic thermal components and different series-parallel structures correspond to different refrigerant filling amounts, which requires refilling the refrigerant, increasing the test cost, and reconnecting multiple interfaces. Repeated connection operations on multiple interfaces and subsequent pressure maintenance and leak detection operations waste a lot of manpower and time. Summary of the invention

[0007] The embodiments of the present invention provide a photovoltaic thermal component performance testing system, method, device and storage medium to at least solve the problem that photovoltaic thermal component performance testing in the prior art is relatively cumbersome, inefficient and costly.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic thermal component performance testing system, comprising:

[0009] Compressor, condenser and throttling element connected in sequence;

[0010] A first branch and a second branch are connected in parallel between the outlet of the throttling element and the inlet of the compressor, and the on-off of the first branch and the second branch are controllable;

[0011] The first branch is used to connect to the photovoltaic thermal component to be tested;

[0012] The second branch includes an adjustable pressure device and an evaporator connected in series, the adjustable pressure device is connected to the outlet of the throttling element, and the evaporator is connected to the inlet of the compressor;

[0013] The adjustable heat source is used to output target thermal power to the photovoltaic thermal assembly.

[0014] Optionally, a first switch is provided at the entrance of the first branch, and a second switch is provided at the entrance of the second branch.

[0015] Optionally, the first branch includes a first interface and a second interface, the first interface is used to connect to an inlet of the photovoltaic thermal component, and the second interface is used to connect to an outlet of the photovoltaic thermal component.

[0016] Optionally, the first branch is provided with:

[0017] A first flow sensor, used to detect the inlet refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic thermal assembly;

[0018] A first temperature sensor, used to detect the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly;

[0019] A second temperature sensor is used to detect the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly;

[0020] A first pressure sensor, used to detect the inlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic thermal assembly;

[0021] The second pressure sensor is used to detect the outlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic thermal assembly.

[0022] Optionally, the second branch is provided with:

[0023] A third temperature sensor, located at the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator, for detecting the inlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator;

[0024] A fourth temperature sensor, located at the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator, for detecting the outlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator;

[0025] A third pressure sensor, located at the inlet of the adjustable pressure device, for detecting the inlet pressure of the second branch;

[0026] The fourth pressure sensor is located at the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator and is used to detect the outlet pressure of the second branch.

[0027] Optionally, the refrigerant in the evaporator is heat exchanged through a first water circulation loop, and water having the same temperature as the target test environment temperature is input into the evaporator, and the first water circulation loop is provided with:

[0028] a fifth temperature sensor, for detecting the temperature of water flowing out of the evaporator;

[0029] a sixth temperature sensor, for detecting the temperature of water flowing into the evaporator;

[0030] The second flow sensor is used to detect the water flow rate flowing through the evaporator.

[0031] Optionally, the refrigerant in the condenser is heat exchanged through a second water circulation loop, and the second water circulation loop is provided with:

[0032] a seventh temperature sensor, used to detect the temperature of water flowing out of the condenser;

[0033] an eighth temperature sensor, used to detect the temperature of water flowing into the condenser;

[0034] The third flow sensor is used to detect the water flow rate flowing through the condenser.

[0035] Optionally, the system further comprises: a power meter, configured to detect the total power consumption of the system when the second branch is connected.

[0036] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a photovoltaic thermal component performance testing method, which is applied to the photovoltaic thermal component performance testing system described in the embodiment of the present invention, and the method includes:

[0037] Controlling the adjustable heat source to output target thermal power to the photovoltaic thermal component to be tested;

[0038] Controlling the first branch to be connected and the second branch to be disconnected so that the photovoltaic thermal component is connected to the refrigerant circulation, and adjusting the refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic thermal component to achieve a target superheat;

[0039] Calculating the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal assembly, the thermal efficiency and the pressure drop of the photovoltaic thermal assembly;

[0040] Control the first branch to be disconnected and the second branch to be connected so that the adjustable pressure device and the evaporator are connected to the refrigerant circulation, and adjust the water flow of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow of the evaporator and the adjustable pressure device so that the heat exchange of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption, the superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, wherein the target heat absorption and the target pressure drop are determined according to the specified component series-parallel structure;

[0041] Calculate the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure.

[0042] Optionally, controlling the adjustable heat source to output a target thermal power to the photovoltaic thermal assembly to be tested includes:

[0043] Obtaining a target test environment temperature Tm, a target test irradiance F, and a component area m of the photovoltaic thermal component;

[0044] Calculate F×m+k×Tm to obtain the target thermal power that should be invested under the target working condition, where k represents a coefficient related to the target test environment temperature;

[0045] The adjustable heat source is controlled to output the target thermal power.

[0046] Optionally, adjusting the refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic thermal assembly to achieve a target superheat degree includes:

[0047] Calculating the difference between the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly and the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly to obtain the actual superheat degree of the photovoltaic thermal assembly;

[0048] If the actual superheat of the photovoltaic thermal assembly is greater than the target superheat, increasing the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening;

[0049] If the actual superheat of the photovoltaic thermal assembly is less than the target superheat, reducing the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening;

[0050] If the actual superheat of the photovoltaic thermal assembly is equal to the target superheat, the current compressor frequency and throttling element opening are maintained unchanged.

[0051] Optionally, calculating the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal assembly, the thermal efficiency and the pressure drop of the photovoltaic thermal assembly includes:

[0052] Calculating the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal assembly according to the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly, the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly, and the inlet refrigerant flow rate of the photovoltaic thermal assembly;

[0053] The total heat input is calculated according to the target thermal power, and the ratio of the heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal assembly to the total heat input is calculated to obtain the thermal efficiency of the photovoltaic thermal assembly;

[0054] The difference between the outlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic thermal assembly and the inlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic thermal assembly is calculated to obtain the pressure drop of the photovoltaic thermal assembly.

[0055] Optionally, before controlling the first branch to be disconnected and the second branch to be connected so that the adjustable pressure device and the evaporator are connected to the refrigerant circulation, the method further includes:

[0056] Determine the total number of components and the number of series-connected components according to the specified component series-parallel structure;

[0057] Calculating the product of the total number of components and the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal component to obtain the target amount of heat absorbed;

[0058] The target voltage drop is obtained by calculating the product of the number of the series-connected components and the voltage drop of the photovoltaic-thermal component.

[0059] Optionally, after calculating the product of the total number of components and the heat absorption of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal component to obtain the target heat absorption, it also includes: determining a matching throttling element aperture according to the target heat absorption, and replacing the throttling element.

[0060] Optionally, adjusting the water flow rate of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow rate of the evaporator and the adjustable pressure device so that the heat exchange of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption, the superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, includes:

[0061] Calculate the actual heat exchange of the evaporator according to the water temperature flowing into the evaporator, the water temperature flowing out of the evaporator, and the water flow rate flowing through the evaporator;

[0062] If the actual heat exchange amount of the evaporator is greater than the target heat absorption amount, reducing the water flow rate of the first water circulation loop;

[0063] If the actual heat exchange amount of the evaporator is less than the target heat absorption amount, increasing the water flow rate of the first water circulation loop;

[0064] If the actual heat exchange amount of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption amount, the water flow rate of the first water circulation loop is maintained unchanged.

[0065] Optionally, adjusting the water flow rate of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow rate of the evaporator and the adjustable pressure device so that the heat exchange of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption, the superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, includes:

[0066] Calculating the difference between the outlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator and the inlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator to obtain the actual superheat of the evaporator;

[0067] If the actual superheat of the evaporator is greater than the target superheat, increasing the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening;

[0068] If the actual superheat of the evaporator is less than the target superheat, reducing the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening;

[0069] If the actual superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, the current compressor frequency and throttling element opening are maintained unchanged.

[0070] Optionally, adjusting the water flow rate of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow rate of the evaporator and the adjustable pressure device so that the heat exchange of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption, the superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, includes:

[0071] Calculating the difference between the outlet pressure of the second branch and the inlet pressure of the second branch to obtain an actual pressure drop of the second branch;

[0072] If the actual pressure drop of the second branch is greater than the target pressure drop, controlling the adjustable pressure device to reduce the pressure drop;

[0073] If the actual pressure drop of the second branch is less than the target pressure drop, controlling the adjustable pressure device to increase the pressure drop;

[0074] If the actual pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, the current state of the adjustable pressure device is maintained unchanged.

[0075] Optionally, calculating the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure includes:

[0076] Calculate the heat generation of the heat pump system under the current working condition according to the water temperature flowing into the condenser, the water temperature flowing out of the condenser and the water flow rate flowing through the condenser;

[0077] Get the current total system power consumption;

[0078] The ratio of the heat generation to the total power consumption is calculated to obtain the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system.

[0079] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a photovoltaic thermal component performance test device, which is applied to the photovoltaic thermal component performance test system described in the embodiment of the present invention, and the device includes:

[0080] A first control module is used to control the adjustable heat source to output a target thermal power to the photovoltaic thermal assembly to be tested;

[0081] A second control module is used to control the first branch to be connected and the second branch to be disconnected so that the photovoltaic thermal assembly is connected to a refrigerant circulation, and to adjust the refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic thermal assembly to achieve a target superheat;

[0082] A first calculation module is used to calculate the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal assembly, the thermal efficiency and the pressure drop of the photovoltaic thermal assembly;

[0083] A third control module is used to control the first branch to be disconnected and the second branch to be connected so that the adjustable pressure device and the evaporator are connected to the refrigerant circulation, and adjust the water flow of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow of the evaporator and the adjustable pressure device so that the heat exchange of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption, the superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, wherein the target heat absorption and the target pressure drop are determined according to the specified component series-parallel structure;

[0084] The second calculation module is used to calculate the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure.

[0085] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the embodiment of the present invention are implemented.

[0086] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, the thermal efficiency and pressure drop test of a single photovoltaic thermal component can be conveniently and efficiently realized based on the first branch and the adjustable heat source. Based on the adjustable pressure vessel and the evaporator in the second branch, at least one heat pump system corresponding to the component in a specific series-parallel structure can be further constructed according to the test result of the single photovoltaic thermal component without changing the test tooling, thereby conveniently and efficiently obtaining the heat pump system performance corresponding to different component series-parallel structures, solving the problem of cumbersome, low-efficiency and high-cost performance testing of photovoltaic thermal components in the prior art, greatly improving the test efficiency, and only requiring access to a single photovoltaic thermal component, reducing the site required for the experiment, and reducing the test time and cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0087] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic thermal component performance testing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0088] Figure 2 is another schematic diagram of a photovoltaic thermal assembly performance testing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0089] Figure 3 is a flow chart of a photovoltaic thermal component performance testing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0090] Figure 4 is a specific flow chart of the photovoltaic thermal component performance testing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0091] Figure 5 It is a structural block diagram of a photovoltaic thermal component performance testing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0092] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0093] Description of reference numerals:

[0094] Compressor 11, condenser 12, throttling element 13, adjustable pressure device 14, evaporator 15, photovoltaic thermal component to be tested 16, adjustable heat source 17, first water pump and heat source 18, second water pump and heat source 19;

[0095] A first switch K1, a second switch K2, a first interface J1, and a second interface J2;

[0096] First flow sensor G1, second flow sensor G2, third flow sensor G3, first temperature sensor T1, second temperature sensor T2, third temperature sensor T3, fourth temperature sensor T4, fifth temperature sensor T5, sixth temperature sensor T6, seventh temperature sensor T7, eighth temperature sensor T8, first pressure sensor P1, second pressure sensor P2, third pressure sensor P3, fourth pressure sensor P4, power meter W1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0097] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0098] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification, claims and drawings of the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0099] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0100] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0101] Example 1

[0102] This embodiment provides a photovoltaic thermal component performance testing system. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a photovoltaic thermal component performance test system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic thermal component performance test system includes:

[0103] A compressor 11, a condenser 12 and a throttling element 13 are connected in sequence; a first branch and a second branch are connected in parallel between the outlet of the throttling element 13 and the inlet of the compressor 11, and the on-off of the first branch and the second branch are controllable. The first branch is used to connect to the photovoltaic thermal component 16 to be tested, and the second branch includes an adjustable pressure device 14 and an evaporator 15 connected in series, the adjustable pressure device 14 is connected to the outlet of the throttling element 13, and the evaporator 15 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 11;

[0104] The adjustable heat source 17 is used to output target thermal power to the photovoltaic thermal component 16 .

[0105] The single photovoltaic thermal component 16 to be tested is connected to the first branch, and the thermal power required for the test is applied to the connected photovoltaic thermal component 16 through the adjustable heat source 17, so that the photovoltaic thermal component 16 performs photovoltaic power generation. When the first branch is connected, the compressor 11, the condenser 12, the throttling element 13 and the photovoltaic thermal component 16 form a refrigerant circulation loop. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 is condensed by the condenser 12 and throttled by the throttling element 13 in turn, and then enters the photovoltaic thermal component 16 to absorb heat, thereby testing the thermal efficiency and pressure drop of the single photovoltaic thermal component 16. After the single component test is completed, the adjustable heat source 17 can be turned off. The thermal efficiency of the photovoltaic thermal component 16 refers to the ratio of the heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal component 16 to the total heat input by the adjustable heat source 17 to the photovoltaic thermal component 16.

[0106] The photovoltaic thermal heat pump system includes at least one photovoltaic thermal component. When it includes at least two photovoltaic thermal components, the at least two photovoltaic thermal components are connected in series and / or in parallel. The user specifies the specific component series and parallel structure according to actual test requirements.

[0107] By combining the test results of a single photovoltaic thermal component obtained when the first branch is connected with the specified component series-parallel structure, the target heat absorption and target pressure drop corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure can be determined. When the second branch is connected, the compressor 11, the condenser 12, the throttling element 13, the adjustable pressure device 14 and the evaporator 15 form a refrigerant circulation loop. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 is condensed by the condenser 12 and throttled by the throttling element 13, and then enters the evaporator 15 to absorb heat. By controlling the evaporator to reach the target heat absorption and target superheat and the second branch to reach the target pressure drop, a heat pump system in the same state as the heat pump system containing the specified component series-parallel structure is constructed based on the second branch. At this time, the heat pump system performance (i.e., energy efficiency ratio) corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure can be calculated.

[0108] The throttling element 13 can be an element with throttling function such as an electronic expansion valve. The adjustable pressure device 14 is used to adjust the pressure drop of the second branch. The pressure drop of the second branch under the current refrigerant flow rate can be adjusted by changing the pipe diameter or the pipe length. For example, the adjustable pressure device 14 can use a valve with adjustable opening.

[0109] The photovoltaic thermal component performance testing system of the present embodiment, based on the first branch and the adjustable heat source 17, can conveniently and efficiently realize the thermal efficiency and pressure drop test of a single photovoltaic thermal component. Based on the adjustable pressure vessel 14 and the evaporator 15 in the second branch, it can further construct at least one heat pump system corresponding to the component in a specific series-parallel structure according to the test result of the single photovoltaic thermal component without changing the test tooling, thereby conveniently and efficiently obtaining the heat pump system performance corresponding to different component series-parallel structures, solving the problem of cumbersome, low-efficiency and high-cost performance testing of photovoltaic thermal components in the prior art, greatly improving the test efficiency, and only requiring access to a single photovoltaic thermal component, reducing the site required for the experiment, and reducing the test time and cost.

[0110] A first switch K1 is provided at the entrance of the first branch, and the on and off of the first branch can be controlled by the first switch K1.

[0111] A second switch K2 is provided at the entrance of the second branch, and the second branch can be controlled to be on and off by the second switch K2.

[0112] The first branch includes a first interface J1 and a second interface J2, wherein the first interface J1 is used to connect the inlet of the photovoltaic thermal component 16, and the second interface J2 is used to connect the outlet of the photovoltaic thermal component 16. The inlet and outlet of the photovoltaic thermal component 16 are used to circulate the refrigerant. This embodiment can adapt to photovoltaic thermal components of different sizes by adjusting the first interface J1 and the second interface J2 to achieve universal performance testing. Exemplarily, the first interface J1 and the second interface J2 can be expansion-tube threaded interfaces.

[0113] like Figure 2 As shown, the first branch is provided with: a first flow sensor G1, a first temperature sensor T1, a second temperature sensor T2, a first pressure sensor P1 and a second pressure sensor P2. The first flow sensor G1 is used to detect the inlet refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic thermal component 16. The first temperature sensor T1 is used to detect the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal component 16. The second temperature sensor T2 is used to detect the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal component 16. The first pressure sensor P1 is used to detect the inlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic thermal component 16. The second pressure sensor P2 is used to detect the outlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic thermal component 16.

[0114] In this embodiment, the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal component 16 can be obtained based on the first flow sensor G1, the first temperature sensor T1 and the second temperature sensor T2, so that the thermal efficiency of a single photovoltaic thermal component 16 can be tested conveniently and efficiently, and the pressure drop of the photovoltaic thermal component 16 can be obtained based on the first pressure sensor P1 and the second pressure sensor P2.

[0115] The second branch is provided with: a third temperature sensor T3, a fourth temperature sensor T4, a third pressure sensor P3 and a fourth pressure sensor P4. The third temperature sensor T3 is located at the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 15, and is used to detect the refrigerant temperature at the inlet of the evaporator 15. The fourth temperature sensor T4 is located at the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator 15, and is used to detect the refrigerant temperature at the outlet of the evaporator 15. The third pressure sensor P3 is located at the inlet of the adjustable pressure device 14, and is used to detect the inlet pressure of the second branch. The fourth pressure sensor P4 is located at the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator 15, and is used to detect the outlet pressure of the second branch.

[0116] In this embodiment, the actual superheat of the evaporator 15 can be monitored based on the third temperature sensor T3 and the fourth temperature sensor T4, and the actual pressure drop of the second branch can be monitored based on the third pressure sensor P3 and the fourth pressure sensor P4. Therefore, when the second branch is connected, the target superheat and target pressure drop corresponding to the tested single photovoltaic thermal component in the specified component series-parallel structure can be achieved through control, thereby constructing a heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure based on the single photovoltaic thermal component.

[0117] The refrigerant in the evaporator 15 is heat-exchanged through the first water circulation loop, which includes a first water pump and a heat source 18. The first water pump and the heat source 18 drive the water circulation and input water at the same temperature as the target test environment temperature into the evaporator 15. The target test environment temperature is a temperature condition that simulates a solar sunshine scene and can be set by the user. The first water circulation loop is provided with: a fifth temperature sensor T5, a sixth temperature sensor T6, and a second flow sensor G2. The fifth temperature sensor T5 is used to detect the temperature of water flowing out of the evaporator 15. The sixth temperature sensor T6 is used to detect the temperature of water flowing into the evaporator 15. The second flow sensor G2 is used to detect the water flow through the evaporator 15.

[0118] In this embodiment, the actual heat exchange capacity of the evaporator 15 can be obtained based on the fifth temperature sensor T5, the sixth temperature sensor T6 and the second flow sensor G2, so that when the second branch is connected, the target heat absorption corresponding to the tested single photovoltaic thermal component under the specified component series-parallel structure can be achieved through control, and then a heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure based on the single photovoltaic thermal component is constructed.

[0119] The refrigerant in the condenser 12 is heat-exchanged through the second water circulation loop, which includes a second water pump and a heat source 19. The second water pump and the heat source 19 drive the water circulation to input water of a specified temperature and a specified flow rate into the condenser 12. The second water circulation loop is provided with: a seventh temperature sensor T7, an eighth temperature sensor T8 and a third flow sensor G3. The seventh temperature sensor T7 is used to detect the temperature of water flowing out of the condenser 12. The eighth temperature sensor T8 is used to detect the temperature of water flowing into the condenser 12. The third flow sensor G3 is used to detect the flow rate of water flowing through the condenser 12.

[0120] In this embodiment, the heat generation of the heat pump system under the current working condition can be obtained based on the seventh temperature sensor T7, the eighth temperature sensor T8 and the third flow sensor G3, so as to calculate the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system.

[0121] The photovoltaic thermal module performance test system may also include: a power meter W1, which is used to detect the total power consumption of the system when the second branch is connected, mainly including the power consumed by the compressor and the water pump under the target state. This embodiment is based on the power meter W1 being able to obtain the total power consumption of the system, thereby calculating the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system.

[0122] The flow sensor in this embodiment may specifically be a mass flow meter or the like.

[0123] Example 2

[0124] This embodiment provides a photovoltaic thermal component performance testing method, which is applied to the photovoltaic thermal component performance testing system described in the above embodiment.

[0125] Figure 3 is a flow chart of a photovoltaic thermal component performance testing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0126] S301, controlling the adjustable heat source to output a target thermal power to the photovoltaic thermal assembly to be tested.

[0127] S302, controlling the first branch to be connected and the second branch to be disconnected so that the photovoltaic thermal component is connected to a refrigerant circulation, and adjusting the refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic thermal component to achieve a target superheat degree.

[0128] S303, calculating the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal assembly, the thermal efficiency and the pressure drop of the photovoltaic thermal assembly.

[0129] S304, control the first branch to be disconnected and the second branch to be connected so that the adjustable pressure device and the evaporator are connected to the refrigerant circulation, adjust the water flow of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow of the evaporator and the adjustable pressure device, so that the heat exchange of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption, the superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, wherein the target heat absorption and the target pressure drop are determined according to the specified component series-parallel structure.

[0130] S305, calculating the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure.

[0131] In this embodiment, a single photovoltaic thermal component to be tested is connected to the first branch, and an adjustable heat source is used to output a target thermal power to the photovoltaic thermal component. The first branch is connected and adjusted. When the photovoltaic thermal component reaches the target superheat, the thermal efficiency and pressure drop of the photovoltaic thermal component can be calculated, and the thermal efficiency and pressure drop test of the single photovoltaic thermal component can be conveniently and efficiently realized; thereafter, the adjustable heat source is turned off, the second branch is connected and adjusted. When the heat exchange of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption, the superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure can be calculated. Without changing the test tooling, a heat pump system under the component series-parallel structure required by the user is further constructed according to the test results of the single photovoltaic thermal component, thereby obtaining the performance of the heat pump system, which solves the problems of cumbersome, low efficiency and high cost of photovoltaic thermal component performance testing in the prior art, greatly improves the test efficiency, and only needs to connect a single photovoltaic thermal component, which reduces the required experimental site and reduces the test time and cost.

[0132] After completing the current test, the next test or shutdown can be performed according to user needs.

[0133] In an optional embodiment, controlling the adjustable heat source to output the target thermal power to the photovoltaic thermal component to be tested includes: obtaining the target test environment temperature Tm, the target test irradiance F and the component area m of the photovoltaic thermal component; calculating F×m+k×Tm to obtain the target thermal power Pk that should be input under the target working condition; and controlling the adjustable heat source to output the target thermal power Pk.

[0134] Among them, the target test environment temperature Tm and the target test irradiance F are specific parameters that simulate the solar sunshine scene and can be set by the user. The component area m can be input by the user. k represents a coefficient related to the target test environment temperature Tm. The larger Tm is, the larger k is. The unit of k is W / ℃. For example, when Tm≤10℃, k=0.08, when 10℃<Tm<20℃, k=0.12, and when Tm≥20℃, k=0.2.

[0135] This implementation calculates the required target thermal power Pk according to the test requirements, turns on the adjustable heat source, controls the adjustable heat source to output the target thermal power Pk and fully projects it on the front surface of the photovoltaic thermal component, simulating the required solar sunshine scene to facilitate testing.

[0136] In an optional embodiment, adjusting the refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic thermal assembly to achieve a target superheat degree includes:

[0137] Calculating the difference between the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly and the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly to obtain the actual superheat degree of the photovoltaic thermal assembly;

[0138] If the actual superheat of the photovoltaic thermal assembly is greater than the target superheat, it means that the refrigerant flow is insufficient and the refrigerant flowing through is not enough to absorb all the heat, then the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening is increased;

[0139] If the actual superheat of the photovoltaic thermal assembly is less than the target superheat, it means that the refrigerant flow is too large, and the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening are reduced;

[0140] If the actual superheat of the photovoltaic thermal assembly is equal to the target superheat, the current compressor frequency and throttling element opening are maintained unchanged.

[0141] The target superheat can be set according to the refrigerant type. Specifically, the PID control algorithm can be used to automatically adjust the compressor frequency and the throttling element opening. In practical applications, for the adjustment of the compressor frequency and the throttling element opening, one parameter can be fixed and the other can be adjusted. For example, the throttling element opening is adjusted first. If the actual superheat of the photovoltaic thermal component is still not equal to the target superheat after the throttling element opening is adjusted to the limit value, the compressor frequency is adjusted.

[0142] This embodiment adjusts the refrigerant flow rate of the photovoltaic thermal component by adjusting the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening, ensuring that the refrigerant is completely evaporated inside the photovoltaic thermal component and produces the target superheat. In this state, the heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal component can be calculated, providing a guarantee for the thermal efficiency test of the photovoltaic thermal component.

[0143] In an optional embodiment, the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal component, the thermal efficiency and the pressure drop of the photovoltaic thermal component are calculated, including: calculating the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal component according to the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal component, the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal component and the inlet refrigerant flow rate of the photovoltaic thermal component; calculating the total heat input according to the target thermal power, and calculating the ratio of the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal component to the total heat input to obtain the thermal efficiency of the photovoltaic thermal component; calculating the difference between the outlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic thermal component and the inlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic thermal component to obtain the pressure drop of the photovoltaic thermal component.

[0144] Among them, the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal component is Qth=Q1+Q2, Q1 represents the temperature rise heat of the refrigerant, Q2 represents the latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant, Q1=c1×m1×Δt1, c1 represents the specific heat capacity of the refrigerant, m1 represents the refrigerant mass obtained based on the refrigerant flow detected by the first flow sensor G1, Δt1=t2-t1, t2 represents the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal component (i.e. the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor T2), t1 represents the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal component (i.e. the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor T1), Q2=m1×(hg(t)-hl(t)), m1 represents the refrigerant mass obtained based on the refrigerant flow detected by the first flow sensor G1, hg(t) represents the enthalpy value of the gaseous refrigerant at temperature t2, and hl(t) represents the enthalpy value of the liquid refrigerant at temperature t1. The integral of the target thermal power Pk over time is calculated to obtain the total heat input Qk of the adjustable heat source to the photovoltaic thermal component over a period of time.

[0145] This embodiment can efficiently test the thermal efficiency and voltage drop of a single photovoltaic thermal component based on the detection data, and based on the obtained heat absorption of the refrigerant in the single photovoltaic thermal component and the voltage drop of the single photovoltaic thermal component, it can provide reference data for the subsequent system performance evaluation under the component series-parallel structure specified by the user.

[0146] In an optional embodiment, before controlling the first branch to disconnect and the second branch to connect to connect the adjustable pressure device and the evaporator to the refrigerant circulation, it also includes: determining the total number of components and the number of series components according to the specified component series-parallel structure; calculating the product of the total number of components and the heat absorption of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal component to obtain the target heat absorption; calculating the product of the number of series components and the pressure drop of the photovoltaic thermal component to obtain the target pressure drop.

[0147] For example, the user specifies the following component series-parallel structure: (1) 5 photovoltaic thermal components are connected in series, or (2) 6 photovoltaic thermal components are connected in parallel, or (3) a total of 12 photovoltaic thermal components, where every 4 photovoltaic thermal components are connected in series to form one path, a total of 3 paths, and these 3 paths are connected in parallel. Different component series-parallel structures have different flow rates and thermal efficiencies. For case (1), the total number of components and the number of series components are both 5, for case (2), the total number of components is 6 and the number of series components is 1, and for case (3), the total number of components is 12 and the number of series components is 4.

[0148] The heat absorption of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal assembly obtained by the test when the first branch is connected is for a single photovoltaic thermal assembly. The product of the heat absorption and the total number of assemblies is calculated to obtain the target heat absorption corresponding to the specified assembly series-parallel structure, which serves as the basis for building and testing the performance of the heat pump system, that is, the heat exchange required for the evaporator. The voltage drop of the photovoltaic thermal assembly obtained by the test when the first branch is connected is also for a single photovoltaic thermal assembly. The product of the heat absorption and the number of series assemblies is calculated to obtain the target pressure drop corresponding to the specified assembly series-parallel structure, which serves as the basis for building and testing the performance of the heat pump system, that is, the pressure drop required for the second branch.

[0149] Based on the test results when the first branch is connected, this embodiment can obtain the target heat absorption and target pressure drop corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure as a basis for constructing and testing the performance of the heat pump system.

[0150] Different throttling element apertures correspond to different heat exchange capacities. The test when connecting the first branch is for a single photovoltaic thermal module. When facing a series-parallel structure of modules to be tested, there may be many photovoltaic thermal modules involved. The target heat absorption under the series-parallel structure of the modules may be significantly different from the heat absorption of a single photovoltaic thermal module. Therefore, when connecting the second branch, in order to better meet the test requirements, the throttling element with a suitable aperture can be replaced.

[0151] Specifically, after calculating the product of the total number of components and the heat absorption of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal component to obtain the target heat absorption, it can also include: determining a matching throttling element aperture according to the target heat absorption, and replacing the throttling element.

[0152] The opening of the throttling element is adjustable. The heat exchange capacity of the throttling element with the same aperture at different openings is different. In order to ensure the control accuracy, the heat exchange is generally controlled in the middle opening area under the aperture, such as between 200 and 300 steps. For example, for an electronic expansion valve with an aperture of 1mm, the corresponding heat exchange is 8kW when the opening is 200 steps, and the corresponding heat exchange is 12kW when the opening is 300 steps. When the heat exchange is in the range of 8kW to 12kW, there is no need to replace it with an electronic expansion valve of other apertures. When the heat exchange is less than 8kW, it is necessary to replace it with an electronic expansion valve with a smaller aperture. When the heat exchange is greater than 12kW, it is necessary to replace it with an electronic expansion valve with a larger aperture.

[0153] In this embodiment, the aperture of the throttling element can be flexibly matched according to the target heat absorption amount, and different target heat absorption amounts will be matched with throttling elements of appropriate apertures, thereby ensuring control accuracy.

[0154] In an optional embodiment, adjusting the water flow rate of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow rate of the evaporator, and the adjustable pressure device so that the heat exchange of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption, the superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, includes:

[0155] Calculate the actual heat exchange of the evaporator according to the water temperature flowing into the evaporator, the water temperature flowing out of the evaporator, and the water flow rate flowing through the evaporator;

[0156] If the actual heat exchange amount of the evaporator is greater than the target heat absorption amount, reducing the water flow rate of the first water circulation loop;

[0157] If the actual heat exchange amount of the evaporator is less than the target heat absorption amount, increasing the water flow rate of the first water circulation loop;

[0158] If the actual heat exchange amount of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption amount, the water flow rate of the first water circulation loop is maintained unchanged.

[0159] Among them, the actual heat exchange amount of the evaporator Qi=c2×m2×Δt2, c2 represents the specific heat capacity of water, m2 represents the water mass obtained based on the water flow rate detected by the second flow sensor G2, Δt2=t6-t5, t5 represents the water temperature flowing out of the evaporator (i.e. the temperature detected by the fifth temperature sensor T5), and t6 represents the water temperature flowing into the evaporator (i.e. the temperature detected by the sixth temperature sensor T6).

[0160] This embodiment can quickly calculate the actual heat exchange of the evaporator based on the water flow rate of the evaporator and its inlet and outlet water temperatures, and then adjust the water flow rate of the evaporator to ensure that the actual heat exchange of the evaporator is the same as the target heat absorption corresponding to the user-specified component series-parallel structure, thereby providing a guarantee for constructing a heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure and ensuring the corresponding relationship to achieve simulation of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure based on the second branch.

[0161] In an optional embodiment, adjusting the water flow rate of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow rate of the evaporator, and the adjustable pressure device so that the heat exchange of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption, the superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, includes:

[0162] Calculating the difference between the outlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator and the inlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator to obtain the actual superheat of the evaporator;

[0163] If the actual superheat of the evaporator is greater than the target superheat, it means that the refrigerant flow is insufficient and the refrigerant flowing through is not enough to absorb all the heat, then the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening is increased;

[0164] If the actual superheat of the evaporator is less than the target superheat, it means that the refrigerant flow is too large, and the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening are reduced;

[0165] If the actual superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, the current compressor frequency and throttling element opening are maintained unchanged.

[0166] The target superheat can be set according to the refrigerant type. Specifically, the PID control algorithm can be used to automatically adjust the compressor frequency and the throttling element opening. In practical applications, for the adjustment of the compressor frequency and the throttling element opening, one parameter can be fixed and the other can be adjusted. For example, the throttling element opening is adjusted first. If the actual superheat of the photovoltaic thermal component is still not equal to the target superheat after the throttling element opening is adjusted to the limit value, the compressor frequency is adjusted.

[0167] This embodiment adjusts the refrigerant flow of the evaporator by adjusting the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening to achieve the target superheat under the current refrigerant flow state, providing a guarantee for constructing a heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure.

[0168] In an optional embodiment, adjusting the water flow rate of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow rate of the evaporator, and the adjustable pressure device so that the heat exchange of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption, the superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, includes:

[0169] Calculating the difference between the outlet pressure of the second branch and the inlet pressure of the second branch to obtain an actual pressure drop of the second branch;

[0170] If the actual pressure drop of the second branch is greater than the target pressure drop, controlling the adjustable pressure device to reduce the pressure drop;

[0171] If the actual pressure drop of the second branch is less than the target pressure drop, controlling the adjustable pressure device to increase the pressure drop;

[0172] If the actual pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, the current state of the adjustable pressure device is maintained unchanged.

[0173] This embodiment adjusts the adjustable pressure device to meet the target pressure drop under the current refrigerant flow state, thereby providing a guarantee for constructing a heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure.

[0174] In an optional embodiment, the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure is calculated, including: calculating the heat generation of the heat pump system under the current operating conditions based on the water temperature flowing into the condenser, the water temperature flowing out of the condenser, and the water flow rate flowing through the condenser; obtaining the current total power consumption of the system; calculating the ratio of the heat generation to the total power consumption to obtain the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system.

[0175] Among them, the heat generation of the heat pump system under the current operating conditions is Qc=c2×m3×Δt3, c2 represents the specific heat capacity of water, m3 represents the water mass obtained based on the water flow detected by the third flow sensor G3, Δt3=t7-t8, t7 represents the water temperature flowing out of the condenser (i.e. the temperature detected by the seventh temperature sensor T7), and t8 represents the water temperature flowing into the condenser (i.e. the temperature detected by the eighth temperature sensor T8).

[0176] This embodiment can quickly calculate the heat generation of the heat pump system based on the water flow rate of the condenser and the inlet and outlet water temperatures thereof, and further calculate the performance of the heat pump system under a specified component series-parallel architecture.

[0177] The photovoltaic thermal module performance test method is described below in conjunction with a specific embodiment. However, it is worth noting that this specific embodiment is only for better illustrating the present application and does not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. The explanation of terms that are the same or corresponding to the above embodiment will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0178] like Figure 4 As shown, a single photovoltaic thermal component to be tested is connected to the first branch, and the photovoltaic thermal component performance test method includes the following steps:

[0179] S401, obtaining the user's target test environment temperature Tm, target test irradiance F, and component area m. Specifically, the user can input the target test environment temperature Tm, target test irradiance F, and component area m through the system human-computer interaction interface.

[0180] S402, calculate the target thermal power that should be invested under the target working condition according to the target test environment temperature Tm, the target test irradiance F and the component area m, control the adjustable heat source to output the target thermal power and make it completely projected on the front surface of the photovoltaic thermal component.

[0181] S403, turn on K1, turn off K2, and turn on the compressor. At this time, the photovoltaic thermal component acts as an evaporator, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor passes through the condenser and the throttling element in turn and enters the photovoltaic thermal component to absorb heat.

[0182] S404, adjusting the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening to keep the actual superheat of the photovoltaic thermal assembly at the target superheat.

[0183] S405, acquiring real-time data of the refrigerant circulation loop formed by the first branch, and calculating the thermal efficiency and pressure drop of the photovoltaic thermal assembly according to the real-time data.

[0184] S406, obtaining a user-specified component series-parallel structure, combining the component series-parallel structure with the test result of a single photovoltaic thermal component obtained in S405, and determining a target heat absorption amount and a target voltage drop corresponding to the component series-parallel structure.

[0185] S407, turn on K2 and turn off K1. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor enters the second branch after passing through the condenser and the throttling element in sequence, absorbs heat in the evaporator, and water with the same temperature as the target test environment is introduced into the evaporator.

[0186] S408, through control, the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop and the evaporator reaches the target heat absorption and target superheat, and a heat pump system corresponding to the series-parallel structure of components specified by the user is constructed.

[0187] S409, obtaining real-time data of the refrigerant circulation loop formed by the second branch, and calculating the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system according to the real-time data.

[0188] S410, waiting for the user to perform the next set of parameter tests or end.

[0189] Based on the above process, the thermal efficiency and voltage drop of a single photovoltaic thermal component are first tested, and then a heat pump system corresponding to at least one of the components in a specific series-parallel structure is constructed based on the second branch and the component parameters to obtain the performance of the heat pump system. The thermal efficiency and voltage drop of the photovoltaic thermal component can be tested conveniently and efficiently, and the performance of the heat pump system with different series-parallel designs based on the component parameters can be obtained simply and efficiently, which greatly improves the test efficiency. Only a single photovoltaic thermal component needs to be connected, which reduces the site required for the experiment, reduces the experimental cost and testing time, and fills the product gap in this field.

[0190] The embodiment of the present invention constructs an efficient photovoltaic thermal component performance test system and provides a corresponding performance test method, which can efficiently complete the test analysis of the thermal efficiency and pressure drop of a single photovoltaic thermal component. Without changing the test tooling, the corresponding heat pump system based on the performance parameters of the component under a specific series-parallel structure can be further constructed based on the relevant component test data and a series-parallel performance analysis report can be given. There is no need to reinstall the refrigerant, and there is no need to repeatedly connect the pipeline and check for leaks, which significantly improves the test efficiency. The performance of the photovoltaic thermal heat pump system with multiple components in different series-parallel structures is different. The series-parallel performance analysis report is based on the user-specified component series-parallel structure, and can give the heat pump system performance under the series-parallel structure and provide system configuration suggestions.

[0191] Example 3

[0192] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment provides a photovoltaic thermal module performance test device, which is applied to the photovoltaic thermal module performance test system described in the embodiment of the present invention and can be used to implement the photovoltaic thermal module performance test method described in the above embodiment. The device can be implemented by software and / or hardware.

[0193] Figure 5 is a structural block diagram of a photovoltaic thermal component performance testing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the device comprises:

[0194] The first control module 501 is used to control the adjustable heat source to output a target thermal power to the photovoltaic thermal assembly to be tested;

[0195] The second control module 502 is used to control the first branch to be connected and the second branch to be disconnected so that the photovoltaic thermal assembly is connected to the refrigerant circulation, and to adjust the refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic thermal assembly to achieve the target superheat;

[0196] The first calculation module 503 is used to calculate the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal assembly, the thermal efficiency and the pressure drop of the photovoltaic thermal assembly;

[0197] The third control module 504 is used to control the first branch to be disconnected and the second branch to be connected so that the adjustable pressure device and the evaporator are connected to the refrigerant circulation, and adjust the water flow of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow of the evaporator and the adjustable pressure device so that the heat exchange of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption, the superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, wherein the target heat absorption and the target pressure drop are determined according to the specified component series-parallel structure;

[0198] The second calculation module 505 is used to calculate the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure.

[0199] Optionally, the first control module 501 includes:

[0200] A first acquisition unit is used to acquire a target test environment temperature Tm, a target test irradiance F and a component area m of the photovoltaic thermal component;

[0201] A first calculation unit is used to calculate F×m+k×Tm to obtain a target thermal power that should be invested under a target working condition, wherein k represents a coefficient related to the target test environment temperature;

[0202] The first control unit is used to control the adjustable heat source to output the target thermal power.

[0203] Optionally, the second control module 502 includes:

[0204] The second calculation unit is used to calculate the difference between the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly and the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly to obtain the actual superheat degree of the photovoltaic thermal assembly;

[0205] The second control unit is used to increase the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening if the actual superheat of the photovoltaic thermal component is greater than the target superheat; reduce the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening if the actual superheat of the photovoltaic thermal component is less than the target superheat; and maintain the current compressor frequency and throttling element opening unchanged if the actual superheat of the photovoltaic thermal component is equal to the target superheat.

[0206] Optionally, the first calculation module 503 includes:

[0207] A third calculation unit is used to calculate the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal assembly according to the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly, the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly and the inlet refrigerant flow rate of the photovoltaic thermal assembly;

[0208] a fourth calculation unit, configured to calculate a total heat input according to the target thermal power, and calculate a ratio of a heat absorption amount of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal assembly to the total heat input, so as to obtain a thermal efficiency of the photovoltaic thermal assembly;

[0209] The fifth calculation unit is used to calculate the difference between the outlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic thermal component and the inlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic thermal component to obtain the pressure drop of the photovoltaic thermal component.

[0210] Optionally, the above device further includes:

[0211] A first determination module is used to determine the total number of components and the number of series-connected components according to the specified component series-parallel structure before controlling the first branch to be disconnected and the second branch to be connected so that the adjustable pressure device and the evaporator are connected to the refrigerant cycle;

[0212] A third calculation module is used to calculate the product of the total number of components and the heat absorption of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal component to obtain the target heat absorption;

[0213] The fourth calculation module is used to calculate the product of the number of the series-connected components and the voltage drop of the photovoltaic thermal component to obtain the target voltage drop.

[0214] Optionally, the above-mentioned device also includes: a second determination module, which is used to calculate the product of the total number of components and the heat absorption of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal component to obtain the target heat absorption, and then determine the matching throttling element aperture according to the target heat absorption and replace the throttling element.

[0215] Optionally, the third control module 504 includes:

[0216] a sixth calculation unit, configured to calculate an actual heat exchange amount of the evaporator according to a temperature of water flowing into the evaporator, a temperature of water flowing out of the evaporator, and a water flow rate flowing through the evaporator;

[0217] The third control unit is used to reduce the water flow rate of the first water circulation loop if the actual heat exchange rate of the evaporator is greater than the target heat absorption; increase the water flow rate of the first water circulation loop if the actual heat exchange rate of the evaporator is less than the target heat absorption; and maintain the water flow rate of the first water circulation loop unchanged if the actual heat exchange rate of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption.

[0218] Optionally, the third control module 504 includes:

[0219] a seventh calculation unit, configured to calculate a difference between an outlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator and an inlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator, and obtain an actual superheat degree of the evaporator;

[0220] The fourth control unit is used to increase the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening if the actual superheat of the evaporator is greater than the target superheat; reduce the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening if the actual superheat of the evaporator is less than the target superheat; and maintain the current compressor frequency and throttling element opening unchanged if the actual superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat.

[0221] Optionally, the third control module 504 includes:

[0222] an eighth calculation unit, configured to calculate a difference between an outlet pressure of the second branch and an inlet pressure of the second branch to obtain an actual pressure drop of the second branch;

[0223] A fifth control unit is used to control the adjustable pressure device to reduce the pressure drop if the actual pressure drop of the second branch is greater than the target pressure drop; control the adjustable pressure device to increase the pressure drop if the actual pressure drop of the second branch is less than the target pressure drop; and maintain the current state of the adjustable pressure device unchanged if the actual pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop.

[0224] Optionally, the second calculation module 505 includes:

[0225] A ninth calculation unit, configured to calculate the heat generation of the heat pump system under the current working condition according to the water temperature flowing into the condenser, the water temperature flowing out of the condenser, and the water flow rate flowing through the condenser;

[0226] A second acquisition unit is used to acquire the current total power consumption of the system;

[0227] The tenth calculation unit is used to calculate the ratio of the heat generation to the total power consumption to obtain the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system.

[0228] The above device can execute the photovoltaic thermal component performance test method provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method. For technical details not described in detail in this embodiment, please refer to the photovoltaic thermal component performance test method provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0229] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0230] Example 4

[0231] This embodiment provides a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the photovoltaic thermal component performance testing method described in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0232] Example 5

[0233] This embodiment provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the photovoltaic thermal component performance testing method described in the above embodiment when executing the computer program.

[0234] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device includes: one or more processors 610 and a memory 620, Figure 6 A processor 610 is taken as an example. The electronic device may also include: an input device 630 and an output device 640. The processor 610, the memory 620, the input device 630 and the output device 640 may be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 6 The example of connecting through bus is taken in the following.

[0235] The memory 620 is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer executable programs and modules, such as program instructions / modules corresponding to the photovoltaic thermal component performance test method in the embodiment of the present invention. The processor 610 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the non-volatile software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 620, that is, implementing the photovoltaic thermal component performance test method.

[0236] The memory 620 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an application required for operating the device and at least one function; the data storage area may store calculation formulas, threshold data, etc. In addition, the memory 620 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices.

[0237] The input device 630 can receive input digital or character information and generate key signal input related to user settings and function control of the electronic device. The output device 640 can include a display device such as a display screen.

[0238] The one or more modules are stored in the memory 620, and when executed by the one or more processors 610, the photovoltaic thermal component performance testing method is executed.

[0239] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0240] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic thermal component performance testing system, characterized in that: include: Compressor, condenser and throttling element connected in sequence; A first branch and a second branch are connected in parallel between the outlet of the throttling element and the inlet of the compressor, and the on-off of the first branch and the second branch are controllable; The first branch is used to connect to the photovoltaic thermal component to be tested; The second branch includes an adjustable pressure device and an evaporator connected in series, the adjustable pressure device is connected to the outlet of the throttling element, and the evaporator is connected to the inlet of the compressor; The adjustable heat source is used to output target thermal power to the photovoltaic thermal assembly.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that A first switch is provided at the entrance of the first branch, and a second switch is provided at the entrance of the second branch.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The first branch includes a first interface and a second interface, the first interface is used to connect to the inlet of the photovoltaic thermal component, and the second interface is used to connect to the outlet of the photovoltaic thermal component.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The first branch is provided with: A first flow sensor, used to detect the inlet refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic thermal assembly; A first temperature sensor, used to detect the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly; A second temperature sensor is used to detect the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly; A first pressure sensor, used to detect the inlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic thermal assembly; The second pressure sensor is used to detect the outlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic thermal assembly.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The second branch is provided with: A third temperature sensor, located at the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator, for detecting the inlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator; A fourth temperature sensor, located at the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator, for detecting the outlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator; A third pressure sensor, located at the inlet of the adjustable pressure device, for detecting the inlet pressure of the second branch; The fourth pressure sensor is located at the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator and is used to detect the outlet pressure of the second branch.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The refrigerant in the evaporator is heat exchanged through a first water circulation loop, and water at the same temperature as the target test environment temperature is input into the evaporator. The first water circulation loop is provided with: a fifth temperature sensor, for detecting the temperature of water flowing out of the evaporator; a sixth temperature sensor, for detecting the temperature of water flowing into the evaporator; The second flow sensor is used to detect the water flow rate flowing through the evaporator.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The refrigerant in the condenser is heat exchanged through a second water circulation loop, and the second water circulation loop is provided with: a seventh temperature sensor, used to detect the temperature of water flowing out of the condenser; an eighth temperature sensor, used to detect the temperature of water flowing into the condenser; The third flow sensor is used to detect the water flow rate flowing through the condenser.

8. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The system further comprises: a power meter, which is used to detect the total power consumption of the system when the second branch is connected.

9. A photovoltaic thermal component performance testing method, characterized in that: A photovoltaic thermal component performance testing system applied to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising: Controlling the adjustable heat source to output target thermal power to the photovoltaic thermal component to be tested; Controlling the first branch to be connected and the second branch to be disconnected so that the photovoltaic thermal component is connected to the refrigerant circulation, and adjusting the refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic thermal component to achieve a target superheat; Calculating the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal assembly, the thermal efficiency and the pressure drop of the photovoltaic thermal assembly; Control the first branch to be disconnected and the second branch to be connected so that the adjustable pressure device and the evaporator are connected to the refrigerant circulation, and adjust the water flow of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow of the evaporator and the adjustable pressure device so that the heat exchange of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption, the superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, wherein the target heat absorption and the target pressure drop are determined according to the specified component series-parallel structure; Calculate the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that Control the adjustable heat source to output the target thermal power to the photovoltaic thermal component to be tested, including: Obtaining a target test environment temperature Tm, a target test irradiance F, and a component area m of the photovoltaic thermal component; Calculate F×m+k×Tm to obtain the target thermal power that should be invested under the target working condition, where k represents a coefficient related to the target test environment temperature; The adjustable heat source is controlled to output the target thermal power.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that Adjusting the refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic thermal assembly to achieve a target superheat degree includes: Calculating the difference between the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly and the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly to obtain the actual superheat degree of the photovoltaic thermal assembly; If the actual superheat of the photovoltaic thermal assembly is greater than the target superheat, increasing the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening; If the actual superheat of the photovoltaic thermal assembly is less than the target superheat, reducing the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening; If the actual superheat of the photovoltaic thermal assembly is equal to the target superheat, the current compressor frequency and throttling element opening are maintained unchanged.

12. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that Calculating the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal assembly, the thermal efficiency and the pressure drop of the photovoltaic thermal assembly, including: Calculating the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal assembly according to the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly, the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic thermal assembly, and the inlet refrigerant flow rate of the photovoltaic thermal assembly; The total heat input is calculated according to the target thermal power, and the ratio of the heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal assembly to the total heat input is calculated to obtain the thermal efficiency of the photovoltaic thermal assembly; The difference between the outlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic thermal assembly and the inlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic thermal assembly is calculated to obtain the pressure drop of the photovoltaic thermal assembly.

13. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that Before controlling the first branch to be disconnected and the second branch to be connected so that the adjustable pressure device and the evaporator are connected to the refrigerant circulation, the method further includes: Determine the total number of components and the number of series-connected components according to the specified component series-parallel structure; Calculating the product of the total number of components and the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal component to obtain the target amount of heat absorbed; The target voltage drop is obtained by calculating the product of the number of the series-connected components and the voltage drop of the photovoltaic-thermal component.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that After calculating the product of the total number of components and the heat absorption of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal component to obtain the target heat absorption, the method further includes: determining a matching throttling element aperture according to the target heat absorption, and replacing the throttling element.

15. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that Adjusting the water flow rate of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow rate of the evaporator and the adjustable pressure device so that the heat exchange of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption, the superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, includes: Calculate the actual heat exchange of the evaporator according to the water temperature flowing into the evaporator, the water temperature flowing out of the evaporator, and the water flow rate flowing through the evaporator; If the actual heat exchange amount of the evaporator is greater than the target heat absorption amount, reducing the water flow rate of the first water circulation loop; If the actual heat exchange amount of the evaporator is less than the target heat absorption amount, increasing the water flow rate of the first water circulation loop; If the actual heat exchange amount of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption amount, the water flow rate of the first water circulation loop is maintained unchanged.

16. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that Adjusting the water flow rate of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow rate of the evaporator and the adjustable pressure device so that the heat exchange of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption, the superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, includes: Calculating the difference between the outlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator and the inlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator to obtain the actual superheat of the evaporator; If the actual superheat of the evaporator is greater than the target superheat, increasing the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening; If the actual superheat of the evaporator is less than the target superheat, reducing the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening; If the actual superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, the current compressor frequency and throttling element opening are maintained unchanged.

17. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that Adjusting the water flow rate of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow rate of the evaporator and the adjustable pressure device so that the heat exchange of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption, the superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, includes: Calculating the difference between the outlet pressure of the second branch and the inlet pressure of the second branch to obtain an actual pressure drop of the second branch; If the actual pressure drop of the second branch is greater than the target pressure drop, controlling the adjustable pressure device to reduce the pressure drop; If the actual pressure drop of the second branch is less than the target pressure drop, controlling the adjustable pressure device to increase the pressure drop; If the actual pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, the current state of the adjustable pressure device is maintained unchanged.

18. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that Calculating the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure, including: Calculate the heat generation of the heat pump system under the current working condition according to the water temperature flowing into the condenser, the water temperature flowing out of the condenser and the water flow rate flowing through the condenser; Get the current total system power consumption; The ratio of the heat generation to the total power consumption is calculated to obtain the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system.

19. A photovoltaic thermal component performance testing device, characterized in that: A photovoltaic thermal component performance testing system applied to any one of claims 1 to 8, the device comprising: A first control module is used to control the adjustable heat source to output a target thermal power to the photovoltaic thermal assembly to be tested; A second control module is used to control the first branch to be connected and the second branch to be disconnected so that the photovoltaic thermal assembly is connected to a refrigerant circulation, and to adjust the refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic thermal assembly to achieve a target superheat; A first calculation module is used to calculate the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the photovoltaic thermal assembly, the thermal efficiency and the pressure drop of the photovoltaic thermal assembly; A third control module is used to control the first branch to be disconnected and the second branch to be connected so that the adjustable pressure device and the evaporator are connected to the refrigerant circulation, and adjust the water flow of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow of the evaporator and the adjustable pressure device so that the heat exchange of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption, the superheat of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, wherein the target heat absorption and the target pressure drop are determined according to the specified component series-parallel structure; The second calculation module is used to calculate the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure.

20. A non-volatile computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 9 to 18 are implemented.

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