Blending method of nutrient soil for citrus planting

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of planting soil, and provides a citrus planting nutrient soil blending method, which comprises: 1, collecting raw materials, and preparing the following raw materials by weight: 40-50 parts of garden soil, 20-30 parts of peat soil, 10-20 parts of leaf mold, 10-15 parts of river sand, 15-25 parts of a decomposed organic fertilizer, 3-8 parts of a microbial agent, 5-10 parts of a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 1-3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, and 0.5-1 part of borax; secondly, the garden soil, the peat soil, the leaf mold and the river sand collected in the first step are screened, the aperture of a screen is 5-8 mm, large-particle impurities are removed, and the decomposed organic fertilizer is smashed. According to the citrus growth requirements, it is ensured that the nutrient soil contains rich microelements, meanwhile, the nutrient soil has a good pore structure and a proper pH value, a comprehensive and balanced nutrient environment is provided for citrus growth, citrus root development is promoted, and the stress resistance and fruit quality of citrus are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of planting soil, and in particular to a method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting. Background Art

[0002] Citrus is a widely planted fruit crop, and its growth and yield are affected by many factors, among which soil quality is one of the key factors. High-quality nutrient soil can provide a suitable growth environment for citrus, including sufficient nutrients, good air permeability, water retention and appropriate pH, which helps promote the healthy growth of citrus and improve fruit quality and yield. With the development of the citrus industry, the demand and requirements for nutrient soil for citrus cultivation are also increasing.

[0003] At present, there are many commonly used soil improvement methods in citrus cultivation. Some growers directly use local natural soil for planting, and only simply plow before planting, without systematically adjusting and improving the soil nutrition. Directly using natural soil or simply adding organic fertilizer cannot effectively solve the problems of soil compaction, nutrient imbalance, poor water and fertilizer retention, etc., which can easily lead to slow growth of citrus, increased pests and diseases, and reduced fruit quality. Although general commercial nutrient soil products have improved soil conditions to a certain extent, they are not targeted and have limited adaptability in different soil environments and citrus varieties. They cannot fully play their role and cannot achieve high-quality and high-yield citrus, which limits the further development of the citrus industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus cultivation, which solves the problems of lack of specificity, limited adaptability in different soil environments and for the cultivation of citrus varieties, inability to fully exert its role, inability to achieve high-quality and high-yield citrus, and limiting the further development of the citrus industry.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Collect raw materials and prepare the following raw materials by weight:

[0007] 40-50 parts of garden soil, 20-30 parts of peat soil, 10-20 parts of leaf mold, 10-15 parts of river sand, 15-25 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 3-8 parts of microbial agent, 5-10 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 1-3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5-1 part of borax;

[0008] Step 2: The garden soil, peat soil, leaf mold and river sand collected in step 1 are sieved respectively, the sieve aperture is 5-8mm, large particles of impurities are removed, the decomposed organic fertilizer is crushed to make its particle size less than 3mm, the microbial agent is dissolved in an appropriate amount of clean water, and a bacterial solution is prepared for standby use;

[0009] Step 3: Pour the sieved garden soil, peat soil, leaf mold and river sand in step 2 into a mixer, stir at a speed of 300-500 rpm for 5-10 minutes to make it preliminarily mixed, then slowly add the crushed decomposed organic fertilizer, continue stirring for 10-15 minutes, then evenly spray the prepared microbial agent liquid on the mixture, add calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate and borax at the same time, and stir at a speed of 500-800 rpm for 15-20 minutes;

[0010] Step 4: Use a pH tester to test the pH of the mixed soil. During this period, adjust the pH value by adding sulfur powder to reduce the pH value to between 5.5 and 6.5;

[0011] Step 5. Pile the mixed soil with adjusted pH into a trapezoidal pile with a height of 1 to 1.5 meters, a width of 2 to 3 meters, and unlimited length, cover it with plastic film, and carry out composting fermentation. During the fermentation process, turn the pile over every 3 to 5 days. The fermentation time is 30 to 45 days. The fermentation is completed when the compost temperature drops below 40°C and there is no obvious odor. After the fermentation is completed, the nutrient soil is tested for quality.

[0012] Preferably, in step 1, raw materials are collected and the following raw materials are prepared according to specific weight parts:

[0013] 45 parts of garden soil, 25 parts of peat soil, 15 parts of leaf mold, 125 parts of river sand, 20 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 5 parts of microbial agent, 7 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, and 0.7 part of borax.

[0014] Preferably, the raw materials collected in the step 1 include garden soil taken from the surface soil of an orchard where citrus is planted, impurities are removed, and the soil is exposed to the sun for 3 to 5 days; peat soil is high-quality peat with high fiber content and low degree of decomposition; leaf mold is made of piled and decomposed fallen leaves of broad-leaved trees; river sand is coarse river sand with a particle size of 0.5 to 2 mm; decomposed organic fertilizer is a mixed compost product of livestock and poultry manure such as chicken manure and cow manure and organic matter such as straw; and the microbial agent includes beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and phosphate- and potassium-solubilizing bacteria.

[0015] Preferably, the temperature of the composting process of the organic fertilizer in step 2 needs to be controlled between 50 and 65° C., and the composting time is 45 to 60 days, during which the fertilizer is regularly turned over to ensure uniform composting.

[0016] Preferably, the spraying amount of the microbial agent solution in step three is 10 to 15 L per cubic meter of mixed soil to ensure the effective colonization and activity of the microorganisms in the soil.

[0017] Preferably, when adjusting the pH in step 4, the sulfur powder needs to be evenly spread on the soil surface and fully mixed with the soil, with the mixing depth being no less than 20 cm.

[0018] 7. A method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting according to claim 1, characterized in that, during the composting fermentation process in step 5, when the internal temperature of the compost exceeds 70°C, the compost needs to be turned over and cooled in time to prevent the death of beneficial microorganisms.

[0019] Preferably, the quality inspection in step five includes that the organic matter content should be no less than 30%, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content ratio is 1: (0.5-0.8): (0.8-1.2), the pH value is 5.5-6.5, the porosity is 40-50%, and the water holding capacity is 30-40%.

[0020] Preferably, the nutrient soil in step 5:

[0021] If the porosity is too low, you can add an appropriate amount of perlite or vermiculite to adjust it. The amount of perlite or vermiculite added is 50-100kg per cubic meter of nutrient soil.

[0022] If the water holding capacity is insufficient, you can add an appropriate amount of water-retaining agent. The amount of water-retaining agent added is 0.5 to 1 kg per cubic meter of nutrient soil.

[0023] Preferably, the nutrient soil adjusted in step 5 needs to be aged for 15 to 30 days.

[0024] The present invention provides a method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The present invention accurately selects and proportions various raw materials according to the special requirements of citrus growth on soil nutrients, air permeability, pH, etc., to ensure that the nutrient soil contains rich trace elements and has a good pore structure and suitable pH, thereby providing a comprehensive and balanced nutritional environment for citrus growth, promoting good development of the citrus root system, and healthy plant growth, and improving the stress resistance and fruit quality of citrus.

[0026] 2. The present invention can increase soil porosity, improve soil air permeability and water permeability, facilitate root respiration and water penetration, and can absorb and retain nutrients in the soil, reduce nutrient loss, and improve fertilizer utilization. In the dry season, the nutrient soil can better retain soil moisture and provide a continuous water supply for citrus. In the rainy season, it can timely discharge excess water to avoid water accumulation and root hypoxia and rot. Long-term use of this nutrient soil can effectively improve the problem of soil compaction, maintain good physical properties of the soil, and is conducive to the long-term growth of citrus and the improvement of the soil ecological environment.

[0027] 3. The present invention can inhibit the growth and reproduction of harmful pathogens in the soil, reduce the risk of citrus diseases and pests, reduce the use of chemical pesticides, further improve the soil structure, form a healthy and stable soil ecosystem, create favorable conditions for citrus growth, and improve the stability of citrus yield and quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The embodiment of the present invention provides a nutrient soil for citrus planting

[0031] As one aspect of the present application, the present invention provides a nutrient soil for citrus planting, comprising the following raw materials:

[0032] 40-50 parts of garden soil, 20-30 parts of peat soil, 10-20 parts of leaf mold, 10-15 parts of river sand, 15-25 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 3-8 parts of microbial agent, 5-10 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 1-3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5-1 part of borax:

[0033] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 As another aspect of the present application, the present invention provides a method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting, comprising the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Collect raw materials and prepare the following raw materials by weight:

[0035] 45 parts of garden soil, 25 parts of peat soil, 15 parts of leaf mold, 125 parts of river sand, 20 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 5 parts of microbial agent, 7 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, and 0.7 parts of borax;

[0036] Step 2: The collected garden soil, peat soil, leaf humus and river sand are sieved respectively, the mesh size is 5-8mm, large particles of impurities are removed, the decomposed organic fertilizer is crushed to make its particle size less than 3mm, the microbial agent is dissolved with an appropriate amount of clean water, and the bacterial solution is prepared for standby use, wherein the garden soil is taken from the surface soil of the orchard where citrus is planted, impurities are removed, and it is exposed to the sun for 3-5 days; the peat soil is high-quality peat with high fiber content and low decomposition degree; the leaf humus is formed by the accumulation and decomposition of fallen leaves of broad-leaved trees; the river sand is coarse river sand with a particle size of 0.5-2mm; the decomposed organic fertilizer is a composted product of livestock and poultry excrement such as chicken manure and cow manure mixed with organic matter such as straw; the microbial agent includes beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and phosphate-solubilizing and potassium-solubilizing bacteria;

[0037] Step 3, pour the garden soil, peat soil, leaf mold and river sand sieved in step 2 into a mixer, stir at a speed of 300-500rpm for 5-10 minutes to make it preliminarily mixed, then slowly add the crushed decomposed organic fertilizer, continue stirring for 10-15 minutes, the decomposition process of the decomposed organic fertilizer needs to control the temperature between 50-65°C, the decomposition time is 45-60 days, and it is regularly turned over during the period to ensure uniform decomposition, then the prepared microbial agent bacterial solution is evenly sprayed on the mixture, and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate and borax are added at the same time, and then stirred at a speed of 500-800rpm for 15-20 minutes, and the spraying amount of the microbial agent bacterial solution is 10-15L per cubic meter of mixed soil to ensure the effective colonization and activity of microorganisms in the soil;

[0038] Step 4: Use a pH tester to test the pH of the mixed soil. During this period, add sulfur powder to adjust the pH value to between 5.5 and 6.5. When adjusting the pH, the sulfur powder should be evenly spread on the soil surface and fully mixed with the soil. The mixing depth should be no less than 20 cm.

[0039] Step 5, pile the mixed soil with adjusted pH into a trapezoidal pile with a height of 1 to 1.5 meters, a width of 2 to 3 meters, and an unlimited length, cover it with plastic film, and carry out composting fermentation. During the fermentation process, turn the pile every 3 to 5 days, and the fermentation time is 30 to 45 days. When the compost temperature drops below 40°C and there is no obvious odor, the fermentation is completed. When the internal temperature of the compost exceeds 70°C, the compost must be turned in time to cool down to prevent the death of beneficial microorganisms. After the fermentation is completed, the nutrient soil is tested for quality. The quality test includes that the organic matter content should not be less than 30%, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content ratio is 1: (0.5 to 0.8): (0.8 to 1.2), the pH is 5.5 to 6.5, the porosity is 40 to 50%, and the water holding capacity is 30 to 40%;

[0040] If the porosity is too low, you can add an appropriate amount of perlite or vermiculite to adjust it. The amount of perlite or vermiculite added is 50-100kg per cubic meter of nutrient soil.

[0041] If the water holding capacity is insufficient, you can add an appropriate amount of water retaining agent. The amount of water retaining agent added is 0.5-1kg per cubic meter of nutrient soil.

[0042] The adjusted nutrient soil needs to be aged, and the aging time is 15 to 30 days.

[0043] In order to better illustrate the formulation implementation scheme of the insect pest control granular pesticide of the present invention, the following examples are given:

[0044] Embodiment 1:

[0045] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting, comprising the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Collect the raw materials and prepare the following raw materials by weight: 40 parts of garden soil, 20 parts of peat soil, 10 parts of leaf humus, 10 parts of river sand, 15 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 3 parts of microbial agent, 5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 1 part of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, and 0.5 parts of borax. The garden soil is taken from the soil 20 to 30 cm deep on the surface of the local citrus orchard. After removing weeds, stones and other impurities, it is exposed to the sun for 3 days to kill pathogens, insect eggs and weed seeds. Peat soil uses high-quality peat with high fiber content and low decomposition degree to ensure its good air permeability and water retention. Leaf humus is made of decomposed fallen leaves of broad-leaved trees and is rich in organic matter and nutrients. River sand uses coarse river sand with a particle size of 0.5 to 2 mm to enhance the drainage and air permeability of the soil. Mature organic fertilizer is a compost product made by mixing chicken manure, cow manure and other livestock and poultry manure with organic matter such as straw in a ratio of 3:1. The temperature of the composting process is controlled between 50 and 60°C, and the composting time is 45 days. The fertilizer is turned over regularly during the composting process to ensure uniform composting. The microbial agent contains beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and phosphate-solubilizing and potassium-solubilizing bacteria. The number of effective live bacteria in the agent is not less than 100 million / g.

[0047] Step 2: Pretreatment of raw materials: sieve the collected garden soil, peat soil, leaf mold and river sand with a sieve with a pore size of 5mm to remove large particles of impurities. Use a grinder to grind the decomposed organic fertilizer to a particle size of less than 3mm to increase the contact area with other raw materials and facilitate the uniform distribution of nutrients. Dissolve the microbial agent with an appropriate amount of clean water to prepare a bacterial solution with a concentration of 10 billion / mL for standby use.

[0048] Step 3: Mix and stir. First, pour the sieved garden soil, peat soil, leaf mold and river sand into the mixer and stir at 300rpm for 5 minutes to make it preliminarily mixed. Then slowly add the crushed and decomposed organic fertilizer and continue stirring for 10 minutes. Then spray the prepared microbial agent solution evenly on the mixture at a rate of 10L per cubic meter of mixed soil. At the same time, add calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate and borax, and stir at 500rpm for 15 minutes to ensure that all raw materials are fully mixed and the nutrients are evenly distributed.

[0049] Step 4: Adjust the pH value. Use a pH value detector to detect the pH value of the mixed soil. If the pH value is greater than 7.5, add an appropriate amount of sulfur powder to adjust it. In this embodiment, the pH value of the mixed soil is detected to be 7.8. 1 kg of sulfur powder is added per cubic meter of soil. The sulfur powder is evenly spread on the soil surface and fully mixed with the soil. The mixing depth is 20 cm, so that the pH value is reduced to between 5.5 and 6.5 to meet the requirements of citrus growth for acidic soil.

[0050] Step 5: Composting and fermentation. Pile the mixed soil with adjusted pH into a trapezoidal pile of 1 meter high, 2 meters wide and unlimited length, cover it with plastic film, and compost fermentation. During the fermentation process, turn the compost every 3 days to make the temperature, humidity and oxygen inside the compost evenly distributed, promote the growth and reproduction of microorganisms and the decomposition and transformation of organic matter. During the fermentation period, when the internal temperature of the compost exceeds 70°C, turn the compost in time to cool it down to prevent the death of beneficial microorganisms. The fermentation time is 30 days. When the compost temperature drops below 40°C and there is no obvious odor, the fermentation is complete.

[0051] Step 6: Quality inspection and adjustment, the quality of the fermented nutrient soil is inspected, and the inspection items include organic matter content, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content, pH, porosity, water holding capacity, etc. After testing, the organic matter content of the nutrient soil in this embodiment is 30.5%, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content ratio is 1:0.5:0.8, the pH is 6.2, the porosity is 42%, and the water holding capacity is 32%. All indicators meet the requirements of citrus planting and no adjustment is required. Finally, the prepared nutrient soil is aged for 15 days to make the nutrients more stable and the soil structure more suitable for citrus growth.

[0052] Embodiment 2:

[0053] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Collect raw materials, and prepare the following raw materials by weight: 45 parts of garden soil, 25 parts of peat soil, 15 parts of leaf humus, 12 parts of river sand, 20 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 5 parts of microbial agent, 8 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, and 0.8 parts of borax. The treatment method of garden soil is the same as that of Example 1. Peat soil is imported high-quality peat, rich in fiber and good in air permeability. Leaf humus is collected from the naturally decomposed broad-leaved leaf accumulation layer in the mountains and forests. The particle size of river sand is 1 to 1.5 mm. Decomposed organic fertilizer is a decomposed product of pig manure and weeds mixed compost. The decomposition process strictly controls the temperature at 55 to 62 ° C, the decomposition time is 50 days, and it is turned over 5 times during the period. The ratio of Bacillus subtilis to phosphorus and potassium solubilizing bacteria in the microbial agent is 2: 1, and the effective viable count is not less than 120 million / g.

[0055] Step 2: Raw material pretreatment, garden soil, peat soil, leaf mold and river sand are sieved with a 6mm mesh, and the decomposed organic fertilizer is crushed to a particle size of less than 2.5mm. The microbial agent is prepared into a bacterial solution with a concentration of 12 billion / mL.

[0056] Step 3: Mix and stir. First, stir the four substrates including garden soil at 350 rpm for 8 minutes to mix them evenly. Add the decomposed organic fertilizer and stir for 12 minutes. Then, spray the bacterial solution at a rate of 12L per cubic meter of mixed soil. At the same time, add chemical fertilizer and stir at 600 rpm for 18 minutes.

[0057] Step 4: Adjust the pH value of the mixed soil to 7.6. Add 2kg of sulfur powder per cubic meter to adjust it. Spread and mix evenly to a depth of 25cm to make the pH value reach 5.8.

[0058] Step 5: Composting, composting into a trapezoidal pile with a height of 1.2 meters and a width of 2.5 meters, covered with plastic film. Turn the pile every 4 days, and turn it over in time to cool it down when the temperature exceeds 70℃. Fermentation is completed after 35 days, when the temperature drops below 40℃ and there is no odor.

[0059] Step six: Quality inspection and adjustment. The test results showed an organic matter content of 32%, a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of 1:0.6:1, a pH of 6.0, a porosity of 45%, and a water holding capacity of 35%. It met the requirements and no adjustment was required. The material was aged for 20 days.

[0060] Embodiment 3:

[0061] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting, comprising the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: Collect the raw materials and prepare the following raw materials by weight: 50 parts of garden soil, 30 parts of peat soil, 20 parts of leaf humus, 15 parts of river sand, 25 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 8 parts of microbial agent, 10 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, and 1 part of borax. The garden soil is exposed to the sun for 4 days. Peat soil is of excellent quality and has strong water retention. Leaf humus is a long-term decomposition product of fallen leaves in the orchard. The particle size of river sand is 0.8-2mm. The decomposed organic fertilizer is a mixed compost of sheep manure and soybean meal, with a decomposition temperature of 58-65℃, a time of 60 days, and 6 turns. A variety of beneficial bacteria in the microbial agent work synergistically, and the number of effective live bacteria is not less than 150 million / g.

[0063] Step 2: Pre-treat the raw materials, sieve the garden soil with a sieve with a pore size of 8mm, crush the organic fertilizer to a particle size of less than 2mm, and prepare the bacterial agent into 15 billion / mL bacterial solution.

[0064] Step 3: Mix and stir. Stir the garden soil or other substrate at 400 rpm for 10 minutes, add organic fertilizer and stir for 15 minutes, spray the bacterial solution at 15L per cubic meter, and stir at 700 rpm for 20 minutes after adding chemical fertilizer.

[0065] Step 4: Adjust the pH value of the mixed soil to 8.0, add 3kg of sulfur powder per cubic meter, mix to a depth of 30cm, and adjust to a pH value of 6.5.

[0066] Step 5: Composting and fermentation, pile up in a trapezoidal shape with a height of 1.5 meters and a width of 3 meters, cover with film and ferment. Turn the pile every 5 days, and control the temperature. Fermentation is completed in 45 days.

[0067] Step six: Quality inspection and adjustment, test the organic matter content of 35%, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 1:0.8:1.2, pH 6.5, porosity 48%, water holding capacity 38%, and age for 30 days after passing the test.

[0068] Experimental example:

[0069] Four groups of planting containers of the same specifications were selected and filled with the following soils for the citrus seedling planting experiment:

[0070] Experimental group 1: using the nutrient soil prepared in Example 1.

[0071] Experimental group 2: using the nutrient soil prepared in Example 2.

[0072] Experimental group 3: using the nutrient soil prepared in Example 3.

[0073] Control group: Normal unamended local soil was used.

[0074] Under the same management conditions (same light, temperature, watering, and fertilizer), the growth of citrus seedlings was observed and recorded 6 months after planting. The results are shown in the following table:

[0075] Group Plant height (cm) Stem diameter (mm) Number of blades Leaf color Pest and disease occurrence Experimental Group 1 45.2 6.8 18 Dark green Slight (a small amount of red spider mites) Experimental Group 2 48.5 7.2 20 Dark green Slight (few aphids) Experimental Group 3 50.1 7.5 22 Dark green No obvious pests and diseases Control group 35.6 5.2 12 Light green More serious

[0076] It can be seen from the experimental results that the citrus seedlings planted using the nutrient soil prepared by the present invention are significantly superior to the control group planted using ordinary soil in terms of plant height, stem thickness, number of leaves, leaf color, and resistance to diseases and insect pests, indicating that the nutrient soil preparation method of the present invention can provide good soil conditions for citrus growth, promote citrus growth and development, and improve citrus' resistance to diseases and insect pests.

[0077] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Collect raw materials and prepare the following raw materials by weight: 40-50 parts of garden soil, 20-30 parts of peat soil, 10-20 parts of leaf mold, 10-15 parts of river sand, 15-25 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 3-8 parts of microbial agent, 5-10 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 1-3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5-1 part of borax; Step 2: The garden soil, peat soil, leaf mold and river sand collected in step 1 are sieved respectively, the sieve aperture is 5-8mm, large particles of impurities are removed, the decomposed organic fertilizer is crushed to make its particle size less than 3mm, the microbial agent is dissolved in an appropriate amount of clean water, and a bacterial solution is prepared for standby use; Step 3: Pour the sieved garden soil, peat soil, leaf mold and river sand in step 2 into a mixer, stir at a speed of 300-500 rpm for 5-10 minutes to make it preliminarily mixed, then slowly add the crushed decomposed organic fertilizer, continue stirring for 10-15 minutes, then evenly spray the prepared microbial agent liquid on the mixture, add calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate and borax at the same time, and stir at a speed of 500-800 rpm for 15-20 minutes; Step 4: Use a pH tester to test the pH of the mixed soil. During this period, adjust the pH value by adding sulfur powder to reduce the pH value to between 5.5 and 6.5; Step 5. Pile the mixed soil with adjusted pH into a trapezoidal pile with a height of 1 to 1.5 meters, a width of 2 to 3 meters, and unlimited length, cover it with plastic film, and carry out composting fermentation. During the fermentation process, turn the pile over every 3 to 5 days. The fermentation time is 30 to 45 days. The fermentation is completed when the compost temperature drops below 40°C and there is no obvious odor. After the fermentation is completed, the nutrient soil is tested for quality.

2. The method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, raw materials are collected and the following raw materials are prepared according to specific weight parts: 45 parts of garden soil, 25 parts of peat soil, 15 parts of leaf mold, 125 parts of river sand, 20 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 5 parts of microbial agent, 7 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, and 0.7 part of borax.

3. The method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials collected in the step 1 include garden soil taken from the surface soil of a citrus orchard, from which impurities are removed and exposed to the sun for 3 to 5 days; peat soil is high-quality peat with a high fiber content and a low degree of decomposition; leaf mold is made of piled and decomposed fallen leaves of broad-leaved trees; river sand is coarse river sand with a particle size of 0.5 to 2 mm; decomposed organic fertilizer is a mixed compost product of livestock and poultry manure such as chicken manure and cow manure and organic matter such as straw; and the microbial agent includes beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and phosphate- and potassium-solubilizing bacteria.

4. The method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the composting process of the organic fertilizer in step 2 needs to be controlled between 50 and 65° C., and the composting time is 45 to 60 days. The fertilizer is turned over regularly during the composting process to ensure uniform composting.

5. The method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 3, the spraying amount of the microbial agent solution is 10 to 15 L per cubic meter of mixed soil, so as to ensure the effective colonization and activity of the microorganisms in the soil.

6. The method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: When adjusting the pH in step 4, the sulfur powder needs to be evenly spread on the soil surface and fully mixed with the soil, with the mixing depth being no less than 20 cm.

7. The method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the composting fermentation process in step 5, when the internal temperature of the compost exceeds 70° C., the compost needs to be turned over and cooled in time to prevent the death of beneficial microorganisms.

8. The method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quality inspection in step 5 includes that the organic matter content should be no less than 30%, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content ratio is 1: (0.5-0.8): (0.8-1.2), the pH value is 5.5-6.5, the porosity is 40-50%, and the water holding capacity is 30-40%.

9. The method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient soil in step 5: If the porosity is too low, you can add an appropriate amount of perlite or vermiculite to adjust it. The amount of perlite or vermiculite added is 50-100kg per cubic meter of nutrient soil. If the water holding capacity is insufficient, you can add an appropriate amount of water-retaining agent. The amount of water-retaining agent added is 0.5 to 1 kg per cubic meter of nutrient soil.

10. The method for preparing nutrient soil for citrus planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient soil adjusted in step 5 needs to be aged for 15 to 30 days.

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