A low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of laser cutting technology, and specifically relates to a low-power laser flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates. The method comprises the following steps: S1. When the laser cutting machine is not cutting, the oxygen slot and the oxygen tank are not connected to the oxygen inlet pipe, and the gas slot is not connected to the gas inlet pipe; S2. When the laser cutting machine is only performing laser cutting, the oxygen inlet pipe is connected only to the oxygen slot or the oxygen inlet pipe is connected only to the oxygen tank by controlling the stepper motor; S3. When the laser cutting machine is performing flame cutting or laser flame composite cutting, the oxygen inlet pipe is connected to the oxygen slot and the oxygen tank at the same time by controlling the stepper motor, and the ratio of oxygen and gas for flame cutting is adjusted; the present invention can quickly and flexibly switch between the modes of not performing laser cutting, performing only laser cutting, and performing flame cutting or laser flame composite cutting, and can meet different cutting requirements without complicated operations; the present invention can improve maintenance convenience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of laser cutting, and in particular relates to a low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates. Background Art

[0002] Laser-flame cutting is an advanced manufacturing process that combines laser and flame cutting technologies, primarily used for efficient and precise cutting of metal materials. It utilizes the high energy density of the laser and the heat of the flame to rapidly cut metals of varying thicknesses and materials, making it particularly suitable for thicker sheet metal. This technology offers advantages such as high cutting quality, a minimal heat-affected zone, and minimal oxidation, and has been widely adopted in industries such as machinery manufacturing, automotive, and shipbuilding. With continued advancements in laser technology and materials science, laser-flame cutting is expected to further enhance its cutting efficiency and adaptability, leading to continued growth in market demand.

[0003] Chinese patent application number 202410987907.5 discloses a large-format laser flame composite cutting machine. The large-format laser flame composite cutting machine includes a laser flame composite cutter head, which includes a housing, a laser module and a flame module located within the housing; the laser module is used to form a high-energy-density laser beam and eject high-pressure oxygen coaxial with the laser beam; the flame module is used to mix fuel gas and oxygen and eject them to form a flame. When cutting thick plates, the mixed gas ignites at high temperature to form a flame that is sprayed toward the thick plate. Together with the laser beam, it causes the thick plate to heat up locally and rapidly, achieving a faster cutting effect. In addition to supporting combustion, the high-pressure oxygen coaxial with the laser beam can also blow away molten or vaporized metal.

[0004] However, the device cannot actually achieve simultaneous laser and flame cutting due to the piston structural design, so it cannot achieve flexible switching between different cutting methods; at the same time, for equipment that can generally switch, the operation is too cumbersome; and for laser cutting equipment, focusing lenses and other parts are consumable parts that need to be replaced, and the replacement process is relatively troublesome, resulting in constant maintenance; at the same time, how to ensure cutting quality is also one of the research focuses. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a low-power laser flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates. The present invention can quickly and flexibly switch between no laser cutting, only laser cutting, and flame cutting or laser flame composite cutting, and does not require complicated operations while meeting different cutting requirements; the present invention can also quickly replace the focusing tube, thereby improving maintenance convenience; the present invention not only realizes the oxygen supply for flame cutting and realizes air blowing treatment on the cutting position to avoid flying slag, but also only requires a single oxygen inlet pipe to realize two oxygen supplies and avoid oxygen occupying the laser pipeline. The structure and operation are simple while comprehensively avoiding cutting quality problems; the present invention can not only accurately control the oxygen and fuel gas ratio of flame cutting to ensure sufficient combustion of the fuel gas, but also ensure that oxygen is always blown out at the end of the lower gas pipeline. Regardless of laser cutting, flame cutting or laser flame composite cutting, the cutting position can always be blown to avoid flying slag, and flexible switching is required without unnecessary complicated operations to ensure equipment safety at all times.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. When the laser cutting machine is not cutting, the oxygen slot and the oxygen tank are not connected to the oxygen inlet pipe, and the gas slot is not connected to the gas inlet pipe;

[0009] S2. When the laser cutting machine is only performing laser cutting, the stepper motor is controlled so that the oxygen inlet pipe is only connected to the oxygen slot or the oxygen inlet pipe is only connected to the oxygen slot;

[0010] S3. When the laser cutting machine performs flame cutting or laser-flame composite cutting, the oxygen inlet pipe is connected to the oxygen slot and the oxygen slot at the same time by controlling the stepper motor, and the ratio of oxygen and fuel gas for flame cutting is adjusted;

[0011] S4. When the laser cutting machine needs to replace the focusing tube, rotate the focusing tube to release the first internal threaded port from the first external threaded port, and at the same time release the second internal threaded port from the second external threaded port, and then replace the new focusing tube to achieve quick replacement.

[0012] Furthermore, the laser cutting machine includes a fiber laser, the output end of the fiber laser is fixedly connected to a focusing tube, and the outer portion of the focusing tube is sequentially sleeved with an upper gas pipeline, a middle gas pipeline, and a lower gas pipeline from top to bottom; the upper gas pipeline, the middle gas pipeline, and the lower gas pipeline are sequentially fixedly connected;

[0013] The outer wall of the upper gas pipeline is fixedly connected with an oxygen inlet pipe and a fuel gas inlet pipe on both sides; the outer wall of the middle gas pipeline is fixedly provided with a rotating outer ring groove, and the rotating outer ring groove is rotatably connected with a blowing mechanism;

[0014] A rotating inner ring groove is fixedly provided on the inner side wall of the upper gas pipeline, and the oxygen inlet pipe and the gas inlet pipe are both connected to the rotating inner ring groove; a switching mechanism is rotatably connected to the rotating inner ring groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the blowing mechanism includes an oxygen ring box, which is sleeved on the rotating outer ring groove and fits in with the rotating outer ring groove; a plurality of blowing pipes are evenly fixed and connected to the bottom of the oxygen ring box; a sliding slot is opened transversely through the rotating outer ring groove, and the sliding slot is connected to the interior of the middle gas pipeline;

[0016] A gear ring is fixedly provided on the top of the oxygen ring box in an annular direction, and a stepper motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the middle gas pipeline. The output end of the stepper motor is meshed with the gear ring through a gear.

[0017] Furthermore, the switching mechanism includes a rotating ring, which is in contact with the rotating inner ring groove; a gas groove and an oxygen groove are formed on the rotating ring, and an oxygen groove is formed on the outer wall of the rotating ring and located on one side of the oxygen groove, and an air outlet is formed inside the oxygen groove;

[0018] The inner side wall of the oxygen ring box is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe, which passes through the sliding slot and extends into the interior of the middle gas pipeline; the connecting pipe is fixedly connected with the gas outlet at one end away from the oxygen ring box.

[0019] Furthermore, when the oxygen groove is fully connected to the oxygen inlet pipe, the gas inlet pipe is not connected to the gas groove; when the rotating ring rotates so that the oxygen groove and the oxygen tank are both connected to the oxygen inlet pipe, the gas inlet pipe is connected to the gas groove; when the oxygen tank is fully connected to the oxygen inlet pipe, the gas inlet pipe is not connected to the gas groove.

[0020] Furthermore, the focusing tube includes a closed ring, a focusing lens is fixedly connected to the middle of the closed ring, a first internal threaded port is fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the top of the closed ring, and a second internal threaded port is fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the bottom of the closed ring; a tube body is provided at the bottom of the closed ring, and the tube body includes a conical tube body and a cylindrical tube body that are fixedly connected to each other; the large-diameter end of the conical tube body is fixedly connected to the bottom of the closed ring.

[0021] Furthermore, the fiber laser includes a laser body, an output end of the laser body is fixedly connected to a laser channel, an end of the laser channel away from the laser body is fixedly provided with a first external threaded port, and the first external threaded port is threadedly connected to the first internal threaded port;

[0022] A second external threaded port is fixedly provided at one end of the upper gas pipeline close to the optical fiber laser, and the second external threaded port is threadedly connected to the second internal threaded port.

[0023] Furthermore, the upper end of the lower gas pipeline is a cylindrical structure, and the lower end of the lower gas pipeline is a conical structure.

[0024] Furthermore, the end of the cylindrical tube does not extend out of the gas outlet end of the lower gas pipeline; the cylindrical tube and the lower gas pipeline are coaxially arranged.

[0025] Furthermore, the upper gas pipeline, the middle gas pipeline and the lower gas pipeline are fixedly connected in sequence in a detachable fixed connection.

[0026] Furthermore, a control box is fixedly installed on one side of the fiber laser, and limit plates are fixedly provided on the upper and lower ends of the control box away from the fiber laser, and two sliding rods are fixedly connected between the two limit plates; a mounting plate is slidably connected to the two sliding rods, and screw holes are provided at both ends of the mounting plate; a limit spring is sleeved on the sliding rod, and the two ends of the limit spring are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting plate and the limit plate below.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) The present invention can quickly and flexibly switch between the following modes: no laser cutting, only laser cutting, flame cutting, or laser-flame combined cutting. Different cutting requirements can be met without complicated operations, and only the stepper motor needs to be controlled. At the same time, it also ensures that the oxygen blowing state is always maintained when switching cutting, thereby quickly avoiding flying slag. Moreover, the present invention can also quickly replace the focusing tube, and only the focusing tube needs to be rotated for replacement, thereby improving maintenance convenience.

[0029] (2) The present invention realizes the oxygen supply for flame cutting and the blowing treatment of the cutting position to avoid slag flying through the cooperation of the blowing mechanism and the switching mechanism. At the same time, only a single oxygen inlet pipe is needed to realize two oxygen supply modes and avoid oxygen occupying the laser pipe. The structure and operation are simple and the cutting quality problems are avoided comprehensively. Specifically, the oxygen ring box is rotated on the rotating outer ring groove by the control of the stepper motor, so that the oxygen inlet pipe is connected with the oxygen through groove and the oxygen tank at the same time, wherein the oxygen entering the oxygen through groove is mixed with the gas entering from the fuel gas through groove, and after mixing, it is ejected through the channel between the lower gas pipe and the focusing tube and ignited by the laser in the focusing tube for flame cutting. At the same time, the oxygen entering the oxygen tank enters the oxygen ring box from the connecting pipe and is then blown out through multiple blowing pipes, avoiding the problem that the iron slag generated by cutting splashes and affects the lower gas pipe and causes damage to the equipment. In this way, only a single oxygen inlet pipe is needed to realize two oxygen supply modes and avoid oxygen occupying the laser pipe, avoiding the problem that oxygen causes laser scattering and interferes with laser output, resulting in a decrease in laser quality. The structure and operation are simple and the cutting quality problems are avoided comprehensively.

[0030] (3) The present invention can not only accurately control the ratio of oxygen and fuel gas in flame cutting to ensure full combustion of fuel gas, but also ensure that oxygen is always blown out from the end of the lower gas pipeline. No matter it is laser cutting, flame cutting or laser flame composite cutting, the cutting position can always be blown to avoid flying slag. It can be flexibly switched without unnecessary complicated operations to ensure the safety of the equipment. Specifically, when the rotating ring rotates to connect the oxygen groove and the oxygen slot with the oxygen inlet pipe, the fuel gas inlet pipe is connected with the fuel gas groove. At this time, the oxygen ring box is continued to rotate on the rotating outer ring groove by the stepper motor. Under the fixed action of the connecting pipe, the rotating ring rotates. At this time, the caliber of the connection between the oxygen groove and the oxygen inlet pipe and the caliber of the connection between the fuel gas groove and the fuel gas inlet pipe change in the opposite direction, that is, the ratio of oxygen and fuel gas mixture can be quickly adjusted, and rapid and accurate control can be performed through the color of the burning flame. , to ensure full combustion of gas; at the same time, when the oxygen slot is fully connected with the oxygen inlet pipe, the gas inlet pipe is not connected with the gas slot, and all oxygen is ejected from between the lower gas pipe and the focusing tube to avoid flying slag, and only laser cutting is performed at this time; when the oxygen slot and the oxygen slot are both connected with the oxygen inlet pipe, the gas inlet pipe is connected with the gas slot, and oxygen is ejected through the blowpipe to avoid flying slag, and it can be flame cutting or laser flame composite cutting at this time; when the oxygen slot is fully connected with the oxygen inlet pipe, the gas inlet pipe is not connected with the gas slot, and all oxygen is ejected from the blowpipe to avoid flying slag, and only laser cutting is performed at this time; comprehensive realization, whether it is laser cutting, flame cutting or laser flame composite cutting, can always blow the cutting position to avoid flying slag, this process only requires one oxygen inlet pipe to achieve, and can be flexibly switched without unnecessary complicated operations to always ensure equipment safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic flow chart of a low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a laser cutting machine for a low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the dispersed structure of a laser cutting machine for a low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a laser cutting machine for a low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates according to the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the fiber laser of a laser cutting machine for a low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the focusing tube structure of a laser cutting machine for a low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the gas pipeline structure on a laser cutting machine for a low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the air blowing mechanism and switching mechanism of a laser cutting machine for a low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the switching mechanism of a laser cutting machine for a low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the gas pipeline in the middle and lower gas pipeline distribution structure of a laser cutting machine for a low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a laser cutting machine for a low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates according to the present invention Figure 2 .

[0042] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0043] Fiber laser 100; laser body 110; laser channel 120; first externally threaded port 130; upper gas pipeline 200; oxygen inlet pipe 210; gas inlet pipe 220; second externally threaded port 230; rotating inner ring groove 240; focusing tube 300; sealing ring 310; first internally threaded port 320; focusing lens 330; second internally threaded port 340; tube body 350; conical tube body 351; cylindrical tube body 352; control box 400 ; Limit plate-401; Mounting plate-410; Slide rod-420; Limit spring-430; Blowing mechanism-500; Oxygen ring box-510; Blowing pipe-520; Gear ring-530; Switching mechanism-600; Rotating ring-610; Gas groove-620; Oxygen groove-630; Oxygen groove-640; Gas outlet-650; Connecting pipe-660; Stepper motor-700; Middle gas pipeline-800; Rotating outer ring groove-810; Sliding groove-820; Lower gas pipeline-900. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0045] Although the steps in the present invention are arranged with numbers, they are not intended to limit the order of the steps. Unless the order of the steps is clearly stated or the execution of a step requires other steps as a basis, the relative order of the steps can be adjusted. It is understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and covers any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0046] Example

[0047] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. When the laser cutting machine is not cutting, the oxygen slot 630 and the oxygen slot 640 are not connected to the oxygen inlet pipe 210, and the gas slot 620 is not connected to the gas inlet pipe 220;

[0049] S2. When the laser cutting machine is only performing laser cutting, the stepper motor 700 is controlled so that the oxygen inlet pipe 210 is connected only to the oxygen passage 630 or the oxygen inlet pipe 210 is connected only to the oxygen tank 640.

[0050] S3. When the laser cutting machine performs flame cutting or laser-flame combined cutting, the stepper motor 700 is controlled to connect the oxygen inlet pipe 210 with the oxygen slot 630 and the oxygen slot 640 at the same time, and the ratio of oxygen and fuel gas for flame cutting is adjusted;

[0051] S4. When the laser cutting machine needs to replace the focusing tube 300, rotate the focusing tube 300 to release the first internal threaded port 320 from the first external threaded port 130, and at the same time release the second internal threaded port 340 from the second external threaded port 230, and then replace the new focusing tube 300 to achieve quick replacement.

[0052] The present invention allows for rapid and flexible switching between laser-free cutting, laser-only cutting, flame cutting, or laser-flame combined cutting. This allows for achieving diverse cutting requirements without complex operations, simply by controlling the stepper motor 700. Furthermore, oxygen is maintained during switching cutting, thereby quickly preventing slag from flying. Furthermore, the present invention allows for rapid replacement of the focusing tube 300, requiring only rotation of the focusing tube 300 for replacement, thereby improving maintenance convenience. The specific implementation of this flexible switching method and the method for replacing the focusing tube 300 will be described later.

[0053] Furthermore, the laser cutting machine includes a fiber laser 100, the output end of the fiber laser 100 is fixedly connected to a focusing tube 300, and the outer portion of the focusing tube 300 is sequentially sleeved with an upper gas pipeline 200, a middle gas pipeline 800, and a lower gas pipeline 900 from top to bottom; the upper gas pipeline 200, the middle gas pipeline 800, and the lower gas pipeline 900 are sequentially fixedly connected;

[0054] The outer wall of the upper gas pipeline 200 is fixedly connected to the oxygen inlet pipe 210 and the gas inlet pipe 220; the outer wall of the middle gas pipeline 800 is fixedly provided with a rotating outer ring groove 810, and the rotating outer ring groove 810 is rotatably connected to the blowing mechanism 500;

[0055] The inner side wall of the upper gas pipe 200 is fixedly provided with a rotating inner ring groove 240 , and the oxygen inlet pipe 210 and the gas inlet pipe 220 are both connected to the rotating inner ring groove 240 ; the switching mechanism 600 is rotatably connected to the rotating inner ring groove 240 .

[0056] The present invention realizes the oxygen supply for flame cutting and the blowing treatment of the cutting position to avoid flying slag through the cooperation of the blowing mechanism 500 and the switching mechanism 600. At the same time, only a single oxygen inlet pipe 210 is required to realize two oxygen supplies and avoid oxygen occupying the laser pipeline. The structure and operation are simple while comprehensively avoiding the occurrence of cutting quality problems. The blowing mechanism 500 and the switching mechanism 600 will be described in detail later.

[0057] It is worth noting that the fuel gas may be acetylene, propane, natural gas, etc., and is not further limited here.

[0058] Furthermore, the blowing mechanism 500 includes an oxygen ring box 510, which is sleeved on the rotating outer ring groove 810 and fits in the rotating outer ring groove 810; a plurality of blowing pipes 520 are evenly fixed and connected to the bottom of the oxygen ring box 510; a sliding slot 820 is opened horizontally through the rotating outer ring groove 810, and the sliding slot 820 is connected to the interior of the middle gas pipeline 800;

[0059] A gear ring 530 is fixedly provided on the top of the oxygen ring box 510 in an annular direction. A stepper motor 700 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the middle gas pipeline 800. The output end of the stepper motor 700 is meshed with the gear ring 530 through a gear.

[0060] It is worth noting that the stepper motor 700 is a mature existing technology, which can rotate at a fixed angle and rotate forward and reverse, etc. It is powered by an external power supply and will not be described in detail here.

[0061] Furthermore, the switching mechanism 600 includes a rotating ring 610, which is in contact with the rotating inner ring groove 240; a gas groove 620 and an oxygen groove 630 are formed through the rotating ring 610, and an oxygen groove 640 is formed on the outer wall of the rotating ring 610 and located on one side of the oxygen groove 630, and an air outlet 650 is formed inside the oxygen groove 640;

[0062] The inner wall of the oxygen ring box 510 is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe 660, which passes through the sliding slot 820 and extends into the interior of the middle gas pipeline 800; the connecting pipe 660 is fixedly connected to the gas outlet 650 at one end away from the oxygen ring box 510.

[0063] The present invention controls the stepping motor 700 to rotate the oxygen ring box 510 on the rotating outer ring groove 810, so that the oxygen inlet pipe 210 can be connected to the oxygen groove 630 and the oxygen groove 640 at the same time, wherein the oxygen entering the oxygen groove 630 is mixed with the gas entering from the gas groove 620, and after mixing, it is ejected through the channel between the lower gas pipeline 900 and the focusing tube 300 and ignited by the laser in the focusing tube 300 for flame cutting; at the same time, the oxygen entering the oxygen groove 640 enters the oxygen ring box 510 from the connecting pipe 660, and is then blown out through multiple blowing pipes 520, avoiding the problem of iron slag splashing generated by cutting affecting the lower gas pipeline 900 and causing damage to the equipment. In this way, only a single oxygen inlet pipe 210 is required to realize two oxygen supply methods and avoid oxygen occupying the laser pipeline, avoiding the problem of oxygen causing laser scattering and other interference with laser output leading to a decrease in laser quality. The structure and operation are simple, and cutting quality problems are comprehensively avoided.

[0064] Furthermore, when the oxygen groove 630 is fully connected to the oxygen inlet pipe 210, the gas inlet pipe 220 is not connected to the gas groove 620; when the rotating ring 610 rotates to connect the oxygen groove 630 and the oxygen tank 640 to the oxygen inlet pipe 210, the gas inlet pipe 220 is connected to the gas groove 620; when the oxygen tank 640 is fully connected to the oxygen inlet pipe 210, the gas inlet pipe 220 is not connected to the gas groove 620.

[0065] The present invention can not only accurately control the ratio of oxygen and gas in flame cutting to ensure full combustion of gas, but also ensure that oxygen is always blown out from the end of the lower gas pipeline 900. No matter laser cutting, flame cutting or laser-flame composite cutting, the cutting position can always be blown to avoid flying slag, and flexible switching can be performed without unnecessary complicated operations to ensure the safety of the equipment. Specifically, when the rotating ring 610 rotates to make the oxygen groove 630 and the oxygen groove 640 connected to the oxygen inlet pipe 210, the gas inlet pipe 220 is connected to the gas groove 620. At this time, the oxygen ring box 510 is continued to rotate on the rotating outer ring groove 810 by the stepper motor 700. Under the fixed action of the connecting pipe 660, the rotating ring 610 rotates. At this time, the caliber of the communication between the oxygen groove 630 and the oxygen inlet pipe 210 and the caliber of the communication between the gas groove 620 and the gas inlet pipe 220 change in the opposite direction, that is, the ratio of the oxygen and gas mixture can be quickly adjusted, and the combustion flame color can be quickly and accurately controlled to ensure combustion. At the same time, when the oxygen slot 630 is fully connected with the oxygen inlet pipe 210, the fuel gas inlet pipe 220 is not connected with the fuel gas slot 620, and all the oxygen is ejected from between the lower gas pipe 900 and the focusing tube 300 to avoid flying slag. At this time, only laser cutting is performed; when the oxygen slot 630 and the oxygen slot 640 are both connected with the oxygen inlet pipe 210, the fuel gas inlet pipe 220 is connected with the fuel gas slot 620, and oxygen is ejected through the blowing pipe 520 to avoid flying slag. At this time, it can be flame cutting or Laser flame composite cutting; when the oxygen tank 640 is fully connected with the oxygen inlet pipe 210, the gas inlet pipe 220 is not connected with the gas through groove 620, and all the oxygen is ejected from the blowing pipe 520 to avoid flying slag. At this time, only laser cutting is performed; whether it is laser cutting, flame cutting or laser flame composite cutting, the cutting position can always be blown to avoid flying slag. This process only requires one oxygen inlet pipe 210 to achieve, and can be flexibly switched without unnecessary complicated operations to ensure the safety of the equipment at all times.

[0066] Furthermore, the focusing tube 300 includes a closed ring 310, a focusing lens 330 is fixedly connected to the middle of the closed ring 310, a first internal threaded port 320 is fixedly provided on the top periphery of the closed ring 310, and a second internal threaded port 340 is fixedly provided on the bottom periphery of the closed ring 310; a tube body 350 is provided at the bottom of the closed ring 310, and the tube body 350 includes a conical tube body 351 and a cylindrical tube body 352 that are fixedly connected to each other; the large-diameter end of the conical tube body 351 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the closed ring 310.

[0067] It is worth noting that the condenser lens 330 focuses the laser, thereby increasing the energy density of the laser beam, which is beneficial to increasing the cutting speed. A detailed description is not given here.

[0068] Furthermore, the fiber laser 100 includes a laser body 110, an output end of the laser body 110 is fixedly connected to a laser channel 120, and an end of the laser channel 120 away from the laser body 110 is fixedly provided with a first external threaded port 130, and the first external threaded port 130 is threadedly connected to the first internal threaded port 320;

[0069] A second external threaded port 230 is fixedly provided at one end of the upper gas pipeline 200 close to the fiber laser 100 . The second external threaded port 230 is threadedly connected to the second internal threaded port 340 .

[0070] The present invention realizes the detachable device through the structural design of the focusing tube 300, thereby facilitating the replacement of consumable parts such as the focusing tube 300 and improving maintenance efficiency.

[0071] Furthermore, the upper end of the lower gas pipeline 900 is a cylindrical structure, and the lower end of the lower gas pipeline 900 is a conical structure.

[0072] Furthermore, the end of the cylindrical tube 352 does not extend out of the gas outlet end of the lower gas pipeline 900; the cylindrical tube 352 and the lower gas pipeline 900 are coaxially arranged.

[0073] The present invention further improves the cutting quality and the cutting efficiency of the laser-flame composite cutting through the structural design of the coaxial arrangement of the cylindrical tube 352 and the lower gas pipe 900, thereby being suitable for cutting medium and thick plates.

[0074] Furthermore, the upper gas pipeline 200, the middle gas pipeline 800 and the lower gas pipeline 900 are fixedly connected in sequence in a detachable fixed connection, which further facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the device.

[0075] Furthermore, a control box 400 is fixedly installed on one side of the fiber laser 100, and limit plates 401 are fixedly provided at the upper and lower ends of the control box 400 away from the fiber laser 100, and two sliding rods 420 are fixedly connected between the two limit plates 401; a mounting plate 410 is slidably connected to the two sliding rods 420, and screw holes are provided at both ends of the mounting plate 410; a limit spring 430 is sleeved on the sliding rod 420, and the two ends of the limit spring 430 are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting plate 410 and the limit plate 401 below.

[0076] In the present invention, when the focusing tube 300 needs to be replaced, it is only necessary to rotate the focusing tube 300. Due to the screw connection between the first internally threaded port 320 and the first externally threaded port 130, and the screw connection between the second internally threaded port 340 and the second externally threaded port 230, the rotation of the focusing tube 300 can release the screw connection between the first internally threaded port 320 and the first externally threaded port 130, and at the same time, the screw connection between the second internally threaded port 340 and the second externally threaded port 230. During the rotation process, since the upper mounting plate 410 is fixed to an external lathe, and the lower oxygen inlet pipe 210 and the gas inlet pipe 220 are connected to the external gas pipeline, they are relatively difficult to move. After the focusing tube 300 is rotated, the control box 400 will move upward relative to the mounting plate 410, thereby quickly unscrewing the focusing tube 300, and then quickly replacing the focusing tube 300 by subsequent dislocation, thereby improving maintenance convenience.

[0077] It is worth noting that a PLC controller and other structures can be set inside the control box 400 to facilitate the control of the stepper motor 700, the fiber laser 100, etc. At the same time, the mounting plate 410 can be installed and fixed on a lathe for easy movement; and the thread directions of the first internal threaded port 320 and the second internal threaded port 340 at the upper and lower ends of the rotating focusing tube 300 can be flexibly set, which are all conventional settings and will not be described in detail here.

[0078] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several improvements and changes can be made without departing from the creative concept of the present invention, which all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. When the laser cutting machine is not cutting, the oxygen slot and the oxygen tank are not connected to the oxygen inlet pipe, and the gas slot is not connected to the gas inlet pipe; S2. When the laser cutting machine is only performing laser cutting, the stepper motor is controlled so that the oxygen inlet pipe is only connected to the oxygen slot or the oxygen inlet pipe is only connected to the oxygen slot; S3. When the laser cutting machine performs flame cutting or laser-flame composite cutting, the oxygen inlet pipe is connected to the oxygen slot and the oxygen slot at the same time by controlling the stepper motor, and the ratio of oxygen and fuel gas for flame cutting is adjusted; S4. When the laser cutting machine needs to replace the focusing tube, rotate the focusing tube to unscrew the two internal threaded ports, and then replace the new focusing tube to achieve quick replacement; The laser cutting machine includes a fiber laser, the output end of which is fixedly connected to a focusing tube, and the outer portion of the focusing tube is provided with an upper gas pipeline, a middle gas pipeline, and a lower gas pipeline in sequence from top to bottom; the upper gas pipeline, the middle gas pipeline, and the lower gas pipeline are fixedly connected in sequence; The outer wall of the upper gas pipeline is fixedly connected with an oxygen inlet pipe and a fuel gas inlet pipe on both sides; the outer wall of the middle gas pipeline is fixedly provided with a rotating outer ring groove, and the rotating outer ring groove is rotatably connected with a blowing mechanism; The inner side wall of the upper gas pipeline is fixedly provided with a rotating inner ring groove, and the oxygen inlet pipe and the gas inlet pipe are both connected to the rotating inner ring groove; a switching mechanism is rotatably connected to the rotating inner ring groove; The blowing mechanism includes an oxygen ring box, which is sleeved on the rotating outer ring groove and fits in the rotating outer ring groove; a plurality of blowing pipes are evenly fixed and connected to the bottom of the oxygen ring box; a sliding slot is opened transversely through the rotating outer ring groove, and the sliding slot is connected to the interior of the middle gas pipeline; A gear ring is fixedly provided on the top of the oxygen ring box in an annular direction, and a stepper motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the middle gas pipeline, and the output end of the stepper motor is meshed with the gear ring through a gear; The switching mechanism includes a rotating ring, which is in contact with the rotating inner ring groove; a gas groove and an oxygen groove are formed on the rotating ring, and an oxygen groove is formed on the outer wall of the rotating ring and located on one side of the oxygen groove, and an air outlet is formed inside the oxygen groove; The inner side wall of the oxygen ring box is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe, which passes through the sliding slot and extends into the interior of the middle gas pipeline; the connecting pipe is fixedly connected with the gas outlet at one end away from the oxygen ring box.

2. A low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the oxygen groove is fully connected to the oxygen inlet pipe, the gas inlet pipe is not connected to the gas groove; when the rotating ring rotates to connect the oxygen groove and the oxygen tank to the oxygen inlet pipe, the gas inlet pipe is connected to the gas groove; when the oxygen tank is fully connected to the oxygen inlet pipe, the gas inlet pipe is not connected to the gas groove.

3. The low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The focusing tube includes a closed ring, a focusing mirror is fixedly connected to the middle of the closed ring, a first internal threaded port is fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the top of the closed ring, and a second internal threaded port is fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the bottom of the closed ring; a tube body is provided at the bottom of the closed ring, and the tube body includes a conical tube body and a cylindrical tube body that are fixedly connected to each other; the large-diameter end of the conical tube body is fixedly connected to the bottom of the closed ring.

4. The low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fiber laser includes a laser body, an output end of the laser body is fixedly connected to a laser channel, an end of the laser channel away from the laser body is fixedly provided with a first external threaded port, and the first external threaded port is threadedly connected to the first internal threaded port; A second external threaded port is fixedly provided at one end of the upper gas pipeline close to the optical fiber laser, and the second external threaded port is threadedly connected to the second internal threaded port.

5. The low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of the lower gas pipeline is a cylindrical structure, and the lower end of the lower gas pipeline is a conical structure.

6. The low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the cylindrical tube does not extend out of the gas outlet end of the lower gas pipeline; the cylindrical tube and the lower gas pipeline are coaxially arranged; the upper gas pipeline, the middle gas pipeline and the lower gas pipeline are fixedly connected in sequence in a detachable fixed connection.

7. The low-power laser-flame composite cutting method for medium and thick plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control box is fixedly installed on one side of the fiber laser, and limit plates are fixedly provided on the upper and lower ends of the control box away from the fiber laser. Two sliding rods are fixedly connected between the two limit plates; a mounting plate is slidably connected to the two sliding rods, and screw holes are provided at both ends of the mounting plate; a limit spring is sleeved on the sliding rod, and the two ends of the limit spring are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting plate and the limit plate below.

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