A high-precision forming process for stainless steel profiles

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of metal forming technology, and in particular to a high-precision forming process for stainless steel profiles, comprising the following process steps: 1) pretreatment; 2) temperature-controlled pre-deformation; 3) placing blanks; 4) temperature regulation; 5) uniform pressurization; 6) forming completion; 7) rapid cooling; 8) polishing; 9) heat treatment strengthening; 10) inspection and packaging. The present invention ensures that the dimensional accuracy of stainless steel profiles reaches the submicron level through laser-assisted heating technology and superplastic forming technology, and is particularly capable of achieving high-precision dimensional tolerance control for the production of profiles with complex shapes and slender structures to meet high-end application requirements; and ensures that the internal structure of the material is uniform and the strength and toughness of the material are improved through solution treatment and aging treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal forming, and more specifically to a high-precision forming process for stainless steel profiles. Background Art

[0002] In the application of stainless steel profiles, high-precision molding is an important means to improve their quality and applicability. Existing stainless steel profile molding methods mainly include cold rolling, hot rolling, extrusion molding, drawing molding, etc. However, traditional molding methods are difficult to ensure high-precision dimensional tolerances, especially in the production of profiles with complex shapes and slender structures; in addition, traditional molding processes may lead to uneven internal structure of the material, affecting the mechanical properties of the final product. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-precision forming process for stainless steel profiles, to achieve high-precision dimensional tolerance control, to ensure uniform internal structure of the material, and to improve the strength and toughness of the material.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A high-precision forming process for stainless steel profiles, comprising the following process steps:

[0006] 1) Pretreatment: Clean and degrease the stainless steel billet to ensure that the surface is clean and free of impurities;

[0007] 2) Temperature-controlled pre-deformation: The stainless steel blank is pre-deformed at room temperature through laser-assisted heating technology to soften the material and initially form it. The pre-deformation rate is 8% to 12%;

[0008] 3) Placing the blank: Place the pre-deformed blank into a specially designed forming cavity, ensuring that the blank fits the cavity wall completely;

[0009] 4) Temperature regulation: Use an indirect heating device to raise the temperature in the molding cavity to 450°C to 550°C to ensure that the material enters a superplastic state;

[0010] 5) Uniform pressurization: Uniform pressure is applied through the hydraulic system, with a pressure range of 100MPa to 200MPa to ensure that the material maintains stable fluidity and uniform distribution during the molding process;

[0011] 6) Molding is completed: Under constant temperature and pressure conditions, the molding time is maintained for 10 minutes to 30 minutes to ensure that the material fully fills the molding cavity and forms the required complex shape;

[0012] 7) Rapid cooling: After molding, the material is rapidly cooled by a cooling medium to fix the internal structure of the material;

[0013] 8) Polishing: The formed stainless steel profile is subjected to multi-stage polishing, wherein the multi-stage polishing includes rough polishing, medium polishing and fine polishing;

[0014] 9) Heat treatment strengthening: The polished stainless steel profile is subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment, the solution treatment temperature is 1075°C to 1125°C, the holding time is 1 hour to 2 hours, and then rapid cooling; the aging treatment temperature is 480°C to 520°C, the holding time is 5 hours to 7 hours, and the graded cooling technology is used to ensure uniform internal structure;

[0015] 10) Inspection and packaging: The processed stainless steel profiles are subjected to quality inspection to ensure that the products meet the standard requirements, and are packaged for rust prevention; the rust prevention packaging is sealed with vapor phase rust-proof paper and plastic film.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 3), the inner surface of the molding cavity is subjected to super-mirror treatment, and the roughness Ra is ≤ 0.05 μm.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 9), the solution treatment is performed in a vacuum furnace.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 9), the aging treatment adopts a staged heating method to gradually reach the set temperature.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention uses laser-assisted heating technology and superplastic forming technology to ensure that the dimensional accuracy of stainless steel profiles reaches the submicron level. In particular, for the production of profiles with complex shapes and slender structures, high-precision dimensional tolerance control can be achieved to meet high-end application requirements. Through solution treatment and aging treatment, the internal structure of the material is ensured to be uniform, thereby improving the strength and toughness of the material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is an operation flow chart of the molding process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a high-precision forming process for stainless steel profiles includes the following process steps:

[0023] 1) Pretreatment: Clean and degrease the stainless steel billet to ensure that the surface is clean and free of impurities;

[0024] 2) Temperature-controlled pre-deformation: The stainless steel blank is pre-deformed at room temperature through laser-assisted heating technology to soften the material and initially form it. The pre-deformation rate is 8% to 12%;

[0025] 3) Placing the blank: Place the pre-deformed blank into a specially designed forming cavity, ensuring that the blank fits the cavity wall completely;

[0026] 4) Temperature regulation: Use an indirect heating device to raise the temperature in the molding cavity to 450°C to 550°C to ensure that the material enters a superplastic state;

[0027] 5) Uniform pressurization: Uniform pressure is applied through the hydraulic system, with a pressure range of 100MPa to 200MPa to ensure that the material maintains stable fluidity and uniform distribution during the molding process;

[0028] 6) Molding is completed: Under constant temperature and pressure conditions, the molding time is maintained for 10 minutes to 30 minutes to ensure that the material fully fills the molding cavity and forms the required complex shape;

[0029] 7) Rapid cooling: After molding, the material is rapidly cooled by a cooling medium to fix the internal structure of the material;

[0030] 8) Polishing: The formed stainless steel profile is subjected to multi-stage polishing, wherein the multi-stage polishing includes rough polishing, medium polishing and fine polishing;

[0031] 9) Heat treatment strengthening: The polished stainless steel profile is subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment, the solution treatment temperature is 1075°C to 1125°C, the holding time is 1 hour to 2 hours, and then rapid cooling; the aging treatment temperature is 480°C to 520°C, the holding time is 5 hours to 7 hours, and the graded cooling technology is used to ensure uniform internal structure;

[0032] 10) Inspection and packaging: The processed stainless steel profiles are subjected to quality inspection to ensure that the products meet the standard requirements, and are packaged for rust prevention; the rust prevention packaging is sealed with vapor phase rust-proof paper and plastic film.

[0033] In step 3), the inner surface of the molding cavity is subjected to super-mirror treatment, and the roughness Ra is ≤ 0.05 μm.

[0034] In step 9), the solution treatment is performed in a vacuum furnace.

[0035] In step 9), the aging treatment adopts a staged heating method to gradually reach the set temperature.

[0036] Process flow:

[0037] The stainless steel blank is cleaned and degreased to ensure that the surface is clean and free of impurities, providing a good foundation for subsequent processing; the stainless steel blank is pre-deformed at room temperature through laser-assisted heating technology to soften the material and initially form it. The pre-deformation rate is 8% to 12%, ensuring uniform deformation and no thermal stress concentration; the pre-deformed blank is placed in a special forming cavity to ensure that the blank fits the cavity wall completely. The inner surface of the forming cavity is treated with a super-mirror finish to reduce friction and ensure smooth flow of the blank during the forming process; an indirect heating device is used to raise the temperature in the forming cavity to 450°C to 550°C to ensure that the material enters a superplastic state; uniform pressure is applied through a hydraulic system with a pressure range of 100MPa to 200MPa to ensure that the material maintains stable fluidity and uniform distribution during the forming process. The hydraulic system includes an automatic pressure regulating device to dynamically adjust the pressure according to the material flow conditions; under constant temperature and pressure conditions, the forming time is maintained at 10 minutes to 30 minutes to ensure that the material fully fills the forming cavity and forms the required complex shapes; after forming, it is quickly cooled by a cooling medium (such as high-pressure water jet or liquid nitrogen jet) to fix the internal structure of the material, with a cooling rate of 10°C to 20°C per second to prevent rebound and deformation; the formed stainless steel profiles are subjected to multi-level polishing, including coarse polishing (surface roughness Ra≤1.6μm), medium polishing (surface roughness Ra≤0.4μm) and fine polishing (surface roughness Ra≤0.1μm) to improve the surface quality; the polished stainless steel profiles are subjected to solid solution treatment and aging treatment. The solid solution treatment is carried out in a vacuum furnace to prevent oxidation and contamination. The aging treatment temperature is gradually increased to the set temperature by a staged heating method. The graded cooling technology ensures uniform internal structure and reduces thermal stress concentration; the treated stainless steel profiles are subjected to comprehensive quality inspection to ensure that the products meet the standard requirements. The quality inspection includes dimensional accuracy detection, surface roughness measurement and mechanical property testing. All data are recorded to ensure that the product quality is traceable; the anti-rust packaging is sealed with vapor phase anti-rust paper and plastic film.

[0038] This process achieves sub-micron dimensional accuracy through laser-assisted heating technology and superplastic forming technology, which is particularly suitable for the production of profiles with complex shapes and slender structures. Through aging treatment with solid solution treatment and graded cooling technology, the internal structure of the material is optimized, the strength and toughness of the material are improved, and the stability of the mechanical properties is ensured.

[0039] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-precision forming process for stainless steel profiles, characterized in that The process steps include: 1) Pretreatment: Clean and degrease the stainless steel billet to ensure that the surface is clean and free of impurities; 2) Temperature-controlled pre-deformation: The stainless steel blank is pre-deformed at room temperature through laser-assisted heating technology to soften the material and initially form it. The pre-deformation rate is 8% to 12%; 3) Placing the blank: Place the pre-deformed blank into a specially designed forming cavity, ensuring that the blank fits the cavity wall completely; 4) Temperature regulation: Use an indirect heating device to raise the temperature in the molding cavity to 450°C to 550°C to ensure that the material enters a superplastic state; 5) Uniform pressurization: Uniform pressure is applied through the hydraulic system, with a pressure range of 100MPa to 200MPa to ensure that the material maintains stable fluidity and uniform distribution during the molding process; 6) Molding is completed: Under constant temperature and pressure conditions, the molding time is maintained for 10 minutes to 30 minutes to ensure that the material fully fills the molding cavity and forms the required complex shape; 7) Rapid cooling: After molding, the material is rapidly cooled by a cooling medium to fix the internal structure of the material; 8) Polishing: The formed stainless steel profile is subjected to multi-stage polishing, wherein the multi-stage polishing includes rough polishing, medium polishing and fine polishing; 9) Heat treatment strengthening: The polished stainless steel profile is subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment, the solution treatment temperature is 1075°C to 1125°C, the holding time is 1 hour to 2 hours, and then rapid cooling; the aging treatment temperature is 480°C to 520°C, the holding time is 5 hours to 7 hours, and the graded cooling technology is used to ensure uniform internal structure; 10) Inspection and packaging: The processed stainless steel profiles are subjected to quality inspection to ensure that the products meet the standard requirements, and are packaged for rust prevention; the rust prevention packaging is sealed with vapor phase rust-proof paper and plastic film.

2. The high-precision forming process for stainless steel profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3), the inner surface of the molding cavity is subjected to super-mirror treatment, and the roughness Ra is ≤ 0.05 μm.

3. The high-precision forming process for stainless steel profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 9), the solution treatment is performed in a vacuum furnace.

4. The high-precision forming process for stainless steel profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 9), the aging treatment adopts a staged heating method to gradually reach the set temperature.

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