Rock slope rockfall protection structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of rockfall protection foundations, and particularly relates to a rock slope rockfall protection structure and a construction method.The rock slope rockfall protection structure comprises an underground wall foundation arranged in a rock mass and an overground wall body arranged on the underground wall foundation, a buffer protection assembly is arranged on the overground wall body, and lateral protection assemblies are arranged on the two sides of the buffer protection assembly; the protective device has various protective measures such as the ground wall body, the protective net set and the lateral protective assembly, the buffer damping supporting arms are matched, the impact force of falling rocks acting on the protective net set is reduced, the protective effect is better, the protective area is larger, the protective effect is better, and the service life of the protective device is prolonged. A forward buffer layer and a lateral buffer layer are arranged on the ground wall body, a gully is arranged in front of the buffer layer, a protective steel pipe is arranged on the gully, the protective steel pipe can reduce the jumping and falling amplitude of large-size rockfall, the buffer layer buffers the rockfall, and the impact of the rockfall on the ground wall body constructed by pervious concrete is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of rockfall protection foundation, and specifically relates to a rockfall protection structure and construction method for a rock slope. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background technical information related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Rockfall disaster refers to the loss of stability of the dangerous rock mass on the slope due to the coupling of internal and external forces. Under the action of gravity, rocks of different sizes fall, bounce, slide, and roll on the slope, and finally accumulate at the foot of the slope. Rockfall disasters have the characteristics of difficult to predict the temporal and spatial frequency, short occurrence time, high impact energy, and complex movement trajectory. Therefore, it is difficult to take direct measures to protect against them when the disaster occurs. In addition, the collision of falling rocks with the slope will cause the falling rocks to break, which will lead to a reduction in the size of the falling rocks and an expansion of the scope of the disaster. Therefore, when constructing rockfall protection structures, in addition to focusing on protecting large-sized falling rocks, small and medium-sized falling rocks should also be protected.

[0004] For protective structures built in key protection areas, it is not advisable to use single-layer protective structures. Single-layer protective structures have poor protection effects and can easily affect the life of protective structures. For large-sized falling rocks, protective structures should be used to disperse the impact of falling rocks. For small and medium-sized falling rocks, more comprehensive protective structures should be used to prevent small and medium-sized falling rocks from passing through the gaps in the protective structures. For protective structures built on special terrain, it is also necessary to consider the on-site topography and intercept falling rocks on their rolling paths.

[0005] In a public patent with an application publication date of March 26, 2024, patent publication number CN117758760A, and invention name "A high and steep rock slope protection device and its construction method", the inventor discovered that the protective structure using a protective net and a buffer mechanism to buffer the impact of falling rocks is an effective solution to dealing with falling rocks. However, due to the instability of falling rocks and the high impact energy of falling rocks, relying solely on protective nets and buffer mechanisms may have the problem of insufficient overall structural strength and lack of protection on the sides. In addition, a drainage pipe is arranged in the stone collecting groove to drain the water in the stone collecting groove, but fallen rocks, soil, plants, etc. may block the drainage pipe, resulting in drainage difficulties, and water may soak the equipment in the stone collecting groove, causing equipment failure. Therefore, a more comprehensive protection structure should be constructed to deal with falling rocks on slopes.

[0006] In the patent publication number CN208280161U, the invention name is Anti-blockage reinforced permeable concrete composite retaining wall structure. The wall body cast with permeable concrete can be used for drainage, which makes the wall body cast with permeable concrete have a wider application area, but how the permeable concrete wall body copes with the impact of falling rocks is a technical problem that needs to be solved in this application. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present application provides a rock slope rockfall protection structure and a construction method.

[0008] The first purpose of the present application is to provide a rock slope rockfall protection structure. The present application uses ordinary concrete as the underground wall foundation, constructs an above-ground wall body with permeable properties on the underground wall foundation, and installs a buffer protection assembly on the above-ground wall body, which cooperates with the buffer layer and protective steel pipe to provide multi-level and all-round protection against falling rocks.

[0009] In order to achieve the first purpose of this application, the technical solution of this application is:

[0010] A rock slope rockfall protection structure comprises an underground wall foundation arranged in a rock body and an above-ground wall body arranged on the underground wall foundation, a buffer protection assembly is arranged on the above-ground wall body, and lateral protection assemblies are arranged on both sides of the buffer protection assembly. The buffer protection assembly comprises four bases arranged at intervals, and two bases located at the front end are hingedly provided with positive columns, a protection net group is arranged between the positive columns, and an upper pull rope arranged as a whole is arranged on the positive columns. Anchor rods are arranged at both ends of the upper pull rope, and the anchor rods are inserted in the rock body. The positive columns are arranged to be inclined backward, and the upper pull ropes are arranged to be inclined upward. The length of the upper pull rope ensures that the positive columns can continue to tilt backward, and a buffer damping support arm is arranged at the rear end of the positive column, and the end of the buffer damping support arm is arranged on the base located at the rear end of the above-ground wall body. The application has multiple protection measures such as the above-ground wall body, the protection net group, and the lateral protection assembly. In conjunction with the buffer damping support arm, the impact force of falling rocks on the protection net group is reduced, and the protection effect is better and the protection area is larger.

[0011] Furthermore, the underground wall foundation is cast by ordinary concrete, and the above-ground wall body is cast by permeable concrete. The contact area between the underground wall foundation and the above-ground wall body is a serrated boundary. The serrated boundary is arranged obliquely, and the rear end of the serrated boundary is higher than the front end. Wall foundation connecting columns are arranged on the underground wall foundation, and steel bars are arranged in the wall foundation connecting columns. The wall foundation connecting columns extend upward into the above-ground wall body, and the base is fixed on the wall foundation connecting columns. The concrete structure of the present application has higher strength, and the wall foundation connecting columns can provide stable support for the base.

[0012] Furthermore, a pull-down rope is provided on the forward column, and an anchor rod is provided at the end of the pull-down rope. The anchor rod is arranged in the rock mass, and the pull-down rope is arranged obliquely downward. The length of the pull-down rope ensures that the forward column can continue to tilt backward. The protection net group includes a first protection net and a second protection net. The second protection net is provided at the rear end of the first protection net. The mesh gaps and net rope diameter of the first protection net are both larger than the mesh gaps and net rope diameter of the second protection net.

[0013] Furthermore, the lateral protection assembly includes two lateral columns arranged at intervals, a lateral protection net is arranged between the lateral columns, the lateral column close to the buffer protection assembly is hingedly connected to the front column through a hinge assembly, the entire upper pull rope is connected to the front column and the lateral column, a lower pull rope is arranged at the lower end of the lateral column away from the buffer protection assembly, an anchor rod is arranged at the end of the lower pull rope, and the anchor rod is inserted in the rock mass. The length of the lower pull rope ensures that the lateral protection assembly can move around the hinge between the front column and the lateral column. The lateral protection assembly of the present application cooperates with the buffer protection assembly to form a more comprehensive protection structure.

[0014] Furthermore, a forward buffer layer is arranged at the front end of the above-ground wall, a lateral buffer layer is arranged on the side of the above-ground wall, the above-ground wall faces a natural or artificial gully, and a protective steel pipe is arranged in the gully.

[0015] Furthermore, the buffer damping support arm includes a sleeve and a piston rod inserted in the sleeve, the piston rod is hingedly connected to the positive column at one end away from the sleeve, a sealing strip is arranged on the end of the piston rod arranged in the sleeve, the sealing strip is in contact with the sleeve, a buffer spring is arranged in the sleeve, a mounting box is arranged at the lower end of the sleeve, the mounting box is hingedly connected to the base at the rear end of the wall on the ground at one end away from the sleeve, a fixed flange is arranged at one end of the sleeve away from the mounting box, a sealing pad is arranged between the fixed flange and the sleeve, a pressure sensor is arranged in the mounting box, a laser sensor is arranged in the gully, a fixed bracket is arranged on the wall on the ground, a power generation and energy storage assembly is arranged on the fixed bracket, the pressure sensor, the laser sensor and the power generation and energy storage assembly are electrically connected, the laser sensor monitors whether the falling rocks enter the gully, the pressure sensor senses the pressure signal and the pressure value, monitors the blocking of the falling rocks by the protective net group and obtains the impact force of the falling rocks on the protective net group. The buffer damping support arm of the present application is one of the supporting structures of the buffer protection assembly in a normal state.

[0016] Furthermore, a pull rope connection assembly is provided on the positive column, and the pull rope connection assembly includes a fixing plate, a lower fixing seat arranged at intervals is provided on the fixing plate, an upper fixing seat is provided on the lower fixing seat, a spring installation cavity is provided in the lower fixing seat, a lower compression spring is provided in the spring installation cavity, a lower pressure plate is provided on the lower compression spring, at least two spring limiting cylinders are provided on the upper fixing seat, an upper compression spring is provided in the spring limiting cylinder, the same upper pressure plate is provided on the upper compression spring, an upper groove penetrating the fixing plate is provided on the fixing plate, and when the lower pull rope is connected to the positive column, a locking seat is provided on the fixing plate, a locking nut is provided on the locking seat, the lower pull rope is passed through the locking seat, the locking nut fixes the lower pull rope in the locking seat, and a lower groove penetrating the fixing plate is provided on the fixing plate When the lower pull rope is connected to the lateral column, a locking seat is provided on the lateral column, and a locking nut is provided on the locking seat. The lower pull rope is passed through the locking seat, and the locking nut fixes the lower pull rope in the locking seat. The present application utilizes a pull rope connection assembly to fix the upper pull rope. Under normal conditions, the buffer protection assembly is not acted upon by external force. In addition to the upper pull rope having a certain pulling force on the forward column and other structures, the buffer protection assembly is mainly supported by the buffer damping support arm. When the falling rock contacts the forward column and the protective net group, the buffer damping support arm is deformed to absorb the impact energy, and the forward column tilts backward. Since the upper and lower pressure plates are compressible, the pull rope connection assembly moves along the upper pull rope, and after the buffer protection assembly is stationary, the upper and lower pressure plates will re-lock the upper pull rope.

[0017] Furthermore, the hinge assembly includes a fixed plate and a movable plate. The fixed plate is arranged on the front column, and the movable plate is arranged on the lateral column. The fixed plate and the movable plate are hingedly connected. Two limit blocks are arranged on the fixed plate, so that the movable plate can move between the limit blocks.

[0018] Furthermore, an impact force detection component is provided on the ground wall.

[0019] The second purpose of the present application is to provide a construction method for a rock slope rockfall protection structure. The present application utilizes the construction method to construct a protection structure that effectively protects against rockfall.

[0020] To achieve the second purpose of this application, the technical solution of this application is:

[0021] A construction method for a rock slope rockfall protection structure, constructing the above protection structure, comprises the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Predict the rockfall impact area, level the ground in the rockfall threatened area, and build a protective structure;

[0023] Step 2: clean the ground, dig the foundation trench, lay the formwork, arrange the steel bars, reserve the expansion joints, pour the ordinary concrete and vibrate it to form an underground wall foundation. The upper end surface of the ordinary concrete is a toothed structure, which is arranged tilted at an angle of 2°-5°.

[0024] Step 3: After the ordinary concrete solidifies and is cured for a fixed time to form the underground wall foundation and the wall foundation connecting column, a formwork is laid, and permeable concrete is poured on the underground wall foundation. After it solidifies and is cured, an above-ground wall body is formed. The above-ground wall body is arranged in a wedge shape, and the upper end surface of the above-ground wall body is flush with the wall foundation connecting column;

[0025] Step 4: Install the base on the wall foundation connecting column, and install the positive column and the buffer damping arm on the base, so that the positive column is tilted backward at a fixed angle;

[0026] Step 5, installing an anchor rod on the rock mass, installing an upper pull rope on the anchor rod, and connecting the upper pull rope to the positive column, so that the upper pull rope between the anchor rod and the positive column is arranged tightly, and the upper pull rope between the two positive columns is arranged loosely;

[0027] Step 6: Arrange the first protection net and the second protection net on the positive column, and the first protection net and the second protection net are arranged at intervals of 8mm-20mm;

[0028] Step 7: Arrange a forward buffer layer and a lateral buffer layer on the ground, wherein the forward buffer layer is arranged on the front of the wall on the ground, and the lateral buffer layer is arranged on the side of the wall on the ground, and the forward buffer layer and the lateral buffer layer are connected together by a wire mesh;

[0029] Step 8: Arrange the gullies, remove the gravel in the gullies, fill the potholes in the gullies, and arrange the protective steel pipes on the bottom and sides of the gullies;

[0030] Step 9: Install the laser sensor in the gully.

[0031] Furthermore, in step 4, the lateral column is installed on the front column so that the lateral column and the front column are hinged together, an anchor rod is installed on the rock mass, a pull-down rope is installed on the anchor rod, the pull-down rope is fixed to the lower end of the lateral column away from the buffer protection assembly, and the pull-down rope is arranged loosely.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0033] 1. The present application constructs an underground wall foundation with ordinary concrete, and constructs an above-ground wall body with water-permeable characteristics on the underground wall foundation. The underground wall foundation is provided with a wall foundation connecting column extending upward. The wall foundation connecting column enhances the overall structural strength of the above-ground wall body and provides a stable fixed structure for the buffer protection assembly. The above-ground wall body, the buffer protection assembly, the lateral protection assembly and other structures jointly protect against falling rocks. The protective net group of the buffer protection assembly has two layers of protective nets, which has a better protection effect on small and medium-sized falling rocks. When the falling rocks come into contact with the protective net group, the buffer damping arm is compressed, causing the forward column and the protective net group to move backward, thereby better dispersing the impact force of the falling rocks and reducing the impact force of the falling rocks on the protective net group, so that the buffer protection assembly of the present application can cope with falling rocks with greater impact force and also improve the life of the protective structure.

[0034] 2. The present application arranges lateral protection assemblies on both sides of the buffer protection assembly. The buffer protection assembly and the lateral protection assembly form a three-dimensional protection structure, so that the present application can effectively deal with the deviation caused by falling rocks during the rolling process, and the protection is more comprehensive.

[0035] 3. The present application arranges a forward buffer layer and a lateral buffer layer on the ground wall. There is a gully in front of the buffer layer, and a protective steel pipe is arranged on the gully. The protective steel pipe can reduce the amplitude of the large-sized falling rocks, so that the large-sized falling rocks will first contact the buffer layer after rolling. The buffer layer will cushion the large-sized falling rocks, reduce the impact of the large-sized falling rocks on the ground wall constructed of permeable concrete, and increase the life of the ground wall.

[0036] 4. In the present application, an upper pull rope is arranged on the forward column. After the buffer protection assembly is installed, the upper pull rope is fixed between the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate under the squeezing action of the upper compression spring and the lower compression spring on the upper pull rope. The buffer spring in the buffer damping arm has a supporting effect on the forward column, so that the forward column and the protection net group are arranged at a set angle. When the falling rock contacts the protection net group, the forward column tilts backward, and the upper pull rope squeezes the lower pressure plate. Under the action of multiple upper compression springs, the upper pull rope is always in contact with the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate, thereby ensuring a stable connection between the upper pull rope and the forward column. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present application, are used to provide further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the coordination between the underground wall foundation and the above-ground wall body;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the buffer protection assembly and the concrete structure;

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure in the front view direction;

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure in the rearward direction;

[0042] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified image of area A;

[0043] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall structure in cooperation with the buffer layer;

[0044] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall structure after construction on the rock mass;

[0045] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the overall structure after construction on the rock mass;

[0046] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the buffer protection assembly and the side protection assembly;

[0047] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the buffer damping support arm;

[0048] Fig.11 for Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the internal structure;

[0049] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pull rope connection assembly;

[0050] Fig.13 for Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the internal structure;

[0051] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hinge assembly between the front column and the lateral column;

[0052] Fig.15 This is the layout diagram of the impact force detection components on the ground wall;

[0053] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of an implementation scheme of an impact force detection assembly in one direction;

[0054] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of an implementation scheme of an impact force detection component in another direction.

[0055] In the figure:

[0056] 1. Rock mass, 2. Underground wall foundation, 3. Contact area, 4. Above-ground wall, 5. Wall foundation connecting column, 6. Steel bars, 7. Base, 8. Positive column, 9. Buffer damping arm;

[0057] 10. First protection net, 11. Second protection net, 12. Upper pull rope, 13. Lower pull rope, 14. Anchor rod, 15. Power generation and energy storage assembly, 16. Fixed bracket, 17. Pull rope connection assembly, 18. Forward buffer layer, 19. Lateral buffer layer;

[0058] 20. gully, 21. protective steel pipe, 22. lateral protective net, 23. lateral column, 24. hinge assembly, 25. sleeve, 26. piston rod, 27. installation box, 28. fixed flange, 29. sealing plate;

[0059] 30. buffer spring, 31. sealing strip, 32. pressure sensor, 33. fixing plate, 34. lower fixing seat, 35. upper fixing seat, 36. locking seat, 37. locking nut, 38. upper groove, 39. lower groove;

[0060] 40. Spring installation cavity, 41. Lower compression spring, 42. Lower pressure plate, 43. Spring limiting cylinder, 44. Upper compression spring, 45. Upper pressure plate, 46. Fixed sheet, 47. Movable sheet, 48. Limiting block, 49. Impact force detection assembly;

[0061] 50. Connecting seat, 51. Movable column, 52. Guide groove, 53. Guide strip, 54. First clamping groove, 55. Second clamping groove, 56. First convex strip, 57. Second convex strip, 58. Contact plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0063] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0064] In the present application, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are relational words determined only for the convenience of describing the structural relationships of the various parts or elements of the present application, and do not specifically refer to any part or element in the present application and should not be understood as limitations on the present application.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] The present embodiment is a rock slope rockfall protection structure, which is built on the rock slope and is used to block the rockfall on the slope. The rockfall in this embodiment refers to the rockfall caused by the unstable rock mass of the rock slope under the action of internal and external forces, as well as the rockfall fragments caused by the collision and crushing of rocks during the rolling process. The external forces include but are not limited to wind, rain erosion and engineering activities, and the internal forces include but are not limited to crustal movement, earthquakes, etc. The generation of rockfall is uncertain. Therefore, it is the goal of this embodiment to build effective protection structures in key areas. In this embodiment, the key areas refer to rockfall areas with gullies 20.

[0067] This embodiment and other embodiments use the impact surface of the falling rock as the front side or the front side to facilitate detailed description of the protective structure.

[0068] As the main protective structure, this embodiment includes an underground wall foundation 2 arranged in the rock mass 1 and an above-ground wall body 4 arranged on the underground wall foundation 2. The underground wall foundation 2 is cast by ordinary concrete. As a specific implementation scheme, the underground wall foundation 2 can use ordinary concrete with a grade of C30 or above, and the depth is 0.6m or above. For example, the depth of the underground wall foundation 2 of this embodiment can reach 0.8m or 1m. The above-ground wall body 4 is cast by permeable concrete. As a specific implementation scheme, the above-ground wall body 4 uses concrete with a higher grade than ordinary concrete, such as C35 and C40. There is no fine aggregate in the concrete constituting the above-ground wall body 4, that is, the permeable concrete is a porous structure formed by bonding coarse aggregates wrapped in cement slurry, which should have an effective porosity of not less than 15%, and the compressive strength should be greater than 20MPa. The contact area 3 between the underground wall foundation 2 and the above-ground wall body 4 is a serrated boundary, which is arranged obliquely, with the rear end of the serrated boundary being higher than the front end, and the inclination angle being 2°-5°. For example, the inclination angle of the present embodiment is 3°, and the height and width of the teeth of the serrated boundary and the interval between the teeth are 0.25m-0.35m. Drainage holes can be reserved in the serrated boundary. The underground wall foundation 2 is provided with a wall foundation connecting column 5, which adopts the same ordinary concrete as the underground wall foundation 2. Steel bars 6 are placed in the wall foundation connecting column 5, which extends upward into the above-ground wall body 4, and a base 7 is fixed on the wall foundation connecting column 5. In the present embodiment, the upper end surface of the wall foundation connecting column 5 is flush with the upper end surface of the above-ground wall body 4, and the lower end of the wall foundation connecting column 5 can protrude from the underground wall foundation 2 and penetrate into the rock mass 1, or it can not protrude from the underground wall foundation 2.

[0069] In this embodiment, the back slope surface of the above-ground wall body 4 is made into an inclined surface, and the back slope surface of the underground wall foundation 2 can be made into a vertical surface or an inclined surface.

[0070] A buffer protection assembly is installed on the ground wall 4, and the buffer protection assembly includes four bases 7 arranged at intervals. The base 7 is fixedly connected with the bolts reserved in the wall foundation connecting column 5. The expansion bolts can also be installed first after the wall foundation connecting column 5 is formed, and then the base 7 is installed. If necessary, the bolts can be prevented from rusting by installing plastic protective caps or spraying paint. Other bolt connection structures also adopt the same protection scheme. The two bases 7 at the front end are hingedly installed with positive columns 8, and a protection net group is installed between the positive columns 8. The protection net group is a double-layer structure, which has a first protection net 10. A second protection net 11 is installed at the rear end of the first protection net 10. The mesh gaps and net rope diameters of the first protection net 10 are larger than the mesh gaps and net ropes of the second protection net 11. Diameter, as a specific implementation scheme, the first protective net 10 adopts a wire mesh, and the steel wire is arranged in a circular ring on the first protective net 10, and there is a hole on the positive column 8. The steel wire at the edge of the first protective net 10 is passed through the hole to achieve connection with the positive column 8, or, a ring body is fixedly installed on the positive column 8, and the steel wire at the edge of the first protective net 10 is connected to the ring body. The second protective net 11 adopts a nylon net, and the nylon wire is arranged in a diamond shape on the second protective net 11, and there is a gap between the first protective net 10 and the second protective net 11. For example, the spacing distance in this embodiment is 10mm. The first protective net 10 can protect and block medium-sized falling rocks, and small-sized gravel will pass through the first protective net 10, and the second protective net 11 can protect and block small-sized gravel.

[0071] In this embodiment, an upper pull rope 12 is installed on the forward column 8. The upper pull rope 12 of this embodiment adopts a whole piece. Both ends of the upper pull rope 12 have anchor rods 14. The anchor rods 14 are inserted into the rock mass 1. The forward column 8 is arranged to be inclined backward, and the upper pull rope 12 is arranged to be inclined upward. The length of the upper pull rope 12 ensures that the forward column 8 can continue to tilt backward, that is, the length of the upper pull rope 12 used is relatively long. A buffer damping support arm 9 is installed at the rear end of the forward column 8. The end of the buffer damping support arm 9 is installed on the base 7 located at the rear end of the ground wall 4. The buffer damping support arm 9 cooperates with the upper pull rope 12, so that in the absence of external force, the forward column 8 is arranged at a set angle on the ground wall 4. For example, the angle of the forward column 8 is between 70° and 80°.

[0072] More specifically, in this embodiment, a pull-down rope 13 is further installed on the forward column 8, and an anchor rod 14 is installed at the end of the pull-down rope 13. The anchor rod 14 is inserted into the rock mass 1, and the pull-down rope 13 is arranged to be inclined downward. The length of the pull-down rope 13 ensures that the forward column 8 can continue to tilt backward, that is, the length of the pull-down rope 13 used is longer. As an implementation scheme, the pull-down rope 13 is connected to the top end of the forward column 8. As another implementation scheme, the pull-down rope 13 is connected to the middle and lower end of the forward column 8 instead of the end of the forward column 8. Both the upper pull rope 12 and the lower pull rope 13 are made of steel wire rope.

[0073] As a more specific matching protective structure, the present embodiment has a buffer layer, a forward buffer layer 18 is arranged at the front end of the ground wall 4, and a lateral buffer layer 19 is arranged on the side of the ground wall 4. The buffer layer is a plurality of buffer blocks formed by wrapping fine particles with geotextiles. For example, the fine particles are sand, and a plurality of groups of buffer blocks are connected together with wire mesh to form a whole. The edge of the wire mesh can be fixed to the ground wall 4 with long bolts, and the long bolts can also be reserved in the ground wall 4 when the ground wall 4 is manufactured. The ground wall 4 faces a natural or artificially formed gully 20. In the present embodiment, gullies are only present in specific areas. The natural gully 20 refers to a ditch-like structure formed by mudflow or water erosion. The artificial gully 20 refers to the cleaning of protruding stones and the filling of sunken potholes in the natural gully 20. A protective steel pipe 21 is installed in part of the gully 20. The protective steel pipe 21 is mainly installed at the bottom of the gully 20 and on the side of the gully 20.

[0074] In gully terrain, especially in the rainy season, a large amount of rainwater will be concentrated in the gully 20. At this time, the gully 20 is equivalent to a water collection ditch. Excessive accumulation of water will affect the stability of the protective structure. In this embodiment, the above-ground wall 4 with water-permeable characteristics is used to facilitate drainage.

[0075] It should be noted that the prior art of arranging a stone collecting trough is not applicable in the gully 20 of this embodiment, and rainwater can easily fill up the stone collecting trough, resulting in excessive accumulation of water in some areas, thereby affecting the stability of the protective structure.

[0076] One of the functions of the protective steel pipe 21 in the present embodiment is to cover the gully 20 with some rocks and make the gully 20 flat, so as to avoid direct contact between falling rocks and the uneven gully 20. When falling rocks directly contact the gully 20, they may bounce due to collision and cause a large deviation in the movement trajectory. The present embodiment can solve this problem. In addition, the present embodiment only needs to lay the protective steel pipe 21 at the rear section or end of the gully 20.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] This embodiment is implemented on the overall structure of embodiment 1. This embodiment is a three-dimensional protective structure with more comprehensive protection, that is, lateral protection assemblies are installed on both sides of the buffer protection assembly, so that the lateral protection assembly covers the ends of the gully 20 from both sides. Therefore, this embodiment is more suitable for large-area protection. Specifically, the lateral protection assembly includes two lateral columns 23 arranged at intervals, and a lateral protection net 22 is arranged between the lateral columns 23. The lateral protection net 22 has the same structure as the protection net group arranged on the front column 8. The lateral protection net 22 also includes a wire mesh and a nylon mesh. The lateral column 23 close to the buffer protection assembly is hingedly connected to the front column 8 through the hinge assembly 24. The entire upper pull rope 12 is connected to the front column 8 and the lateral column 23, that is, the entire upper pull rope 12 is connected to the front column 8 and the lateral column 23. In this embodiment, a lower pull rope 13 is arranged at the lower end of the lateral column 23 away from the buffer protection assembly. An anchor rod 14 is installed at the end of the lower pull rope 13. The anchor rod 14 is inserted into the rock mass 1. The length of the lower pull rope 13 used needs to ensure that the lateral protection assembly can move around the hinge between the front column 8 and the lateral column 23.

[0079] Under the guidance of the gully 20, the falling rocks will directly contact the buffer protection assembly arranged on the front, but the offset falling rocks may move to the sides of the buffer protection assembly. The lateral protection assembly can protect the offset falling rocks. Correspondingly, the length of the underground wall foundation 2 and the above-ground wall body 4 also needs to be increased.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] This embodiment provides a detailed structural description of each component used in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2. If there are structures or components that can achieve the same functions, they can be selected for replacement.

[0082] The buffer damping support arm 9 of the present embodiment includes a sleeve 25 and a piston rod 26 inserted in the sleeve 25. The end of the piston rod 26 away from the sleeve 25 is hingedly connected to the positive column 8. A sealing strip 31 is installed on the end of the piston rod 26 arranged in the sleeve 25. The sealing strip 31 is in contact with the sleeve 25. The sealing strip 31 can ensure that the piston rod 26 moves stably in the sleeve 25 and prevent small gravel or dust from entering the sleeve 25. A mounting box 27 is installed at the lower end of the sleeve 25. The main function of the mounting box 27 is to carry the pressure sensor 32 and be connected to the base 7 at the rear end. In addition, a fixing flange 28 is installed at the end of the sleeve 25 away from the mounting box 27 by bolts. The fixing flange 28 is connected to the sleeve A sealing pad 29 is installed between the sleeves 25. The sealing pad 29 is made of rubber and serves as the first protective structure to prevent gravel and dust from entering the sleeve 25. A buffer spring 30 is installed in the sleeve 25. The end of the installation box 27 away from the sleeve 25 is hingedly connected to the base 7 at the rear end of the ground wall 4. A pressure sensor 32 is installed in the installation box 27. A laser sensor is arranged in the gully 20. A fixed bracket 16 is installed on the ground wall 4. When the ground wall 4 is cast, the fixed bracket 16 is buried in the ground wall 4. A power generation and energy storage assembly 15 is installed on the fixed bracket 16. The pressure sensor 32 and the laser sensor are electrically connected to the power generation and energy storage assembly 15.

[0083] When falling rocks impact the protective net group, the positive column 8 tilts backward, the piston rod 26 moves in the sleeve 25, the buffer spring 30 is squeezed and deformed, and the pressure sensor 32 generates a pressure signal. During the deformation of the buffer spring 30, the impact force of the falling rocks on the protective net group is reduced and the impact force of the falling rocks is dispersed.

[0084] The power generation and energy storage assembly 15 adopts the existing system, which has a metal bracket, and a photovoltaic panel is installed on the upper end bracket of the metal bracket. All the lines are passed through the cylindrical metal bracket. The metal bracket is also equipped with energy storage batteries to provide energy for various sensors. In addition to sensing the pressure signal to prove that the protective net group has blocked the falling rocks, the pressure sensor 32 also senses the pressure value to determine the impact force of the falling rocks on the protective net group. The value difference between the two pressure sensors 32 can also prove the degree of displacement of the falling rocks on the protective net group and the impact position. The laser sensor detects the existence of the falling rocks first and can be used to sense whether the falling rocks have entered the gully 20. The power generation and energy storage assembly 15 also has a sensor signal receiving and signal transmitting module to send out the relevant signals of the falling rocks. Relevant personnel can reach the protective structure through the signal to inspect and repair the protective structure.

[0085] The inventors consider arranging an impact force detection assembly 49 on the ground wall 4 or other areas that may come into contact with large-sized falling rocks to detect the magnitude and impact area of ​​the falling rock impact force and determine the strength or life of the concrete structure.

[0086] like Fig.15 As shown, the impact force detection components 49 are arranged on the ground wall 4 and are arranged in an interlaced manner.

[0087] As an implementation scheme, the impact force detection component 49 adopts a force sensor, which is disc-shaped. During installation, the force sensor is glued to the ground wall 4 by glue, and a disc-shaped wooden board is glued to the force-bearing end of the force sensor. The wooden board and the force sensor are placed as a whole behind the buffer layer and in front of the ground wall 4.

[0088] This force sensor can also be used in the rockfall impact force detection experiment. In actual application, it is necessary to do a good job of waterproofing, especially the wire connection of the force sensor. However, this force sensor is expensive. This embodiment provides another implementation scheme of an impact force detection component 49.

[0089] As another embodiment, Figure 16-Figure 17 As shown, the impact force detection component 49 includes a connecting seat 50, which is composed of two parts and fixed together by fasteners such as bolts. The connecting seat 50 has a first convex strip 56 and a second convex strip 57. The center of the connecting seat 50 is a through hole, and a movable column 51 is installed in the through hole. As a matching structure, a first card groove 54 and a second card groove 55 are provided on the movable column 51. The first convex strip 56 is arranged in the first card groove 54, and the second convex strip 57 is arranged in the second card groove 55. The guide structure enables the movable column 51 to move along the through hole. Therefore, in addition to the matching between the movable column 51 and the through hole, this embodiment also has a guide groove 52 on the movable column 51, and a guide strip 53 is arranged in the through hole of the connecting seat 50. The movable column 51 and the connecting seat 50 are made of different materials. For example, the movable column 51 is made of engineering plastic, while the connecting seat 50 is made of metal.

[0090] More specifically, the length of the first slot 54 is greater than the length of the first protrusion 56, and the length of the second slot 55 is equal to or slightly greater than the length of the second protrusion 57, so that when the movable column 51 moves in the connecting seat 50 after being impacted, the second protrusion 57 first breaks away from the connection with the second slot 55, and the first protrusion 56 can move a certain distance in the first slot 54, and then the first protrusion 56 breaks away from the first slot 54.

[0091] In addition, the cooperation between the second protruding strip 57 and the second slot 55 enables the movable column 51 to be positioned in the connecting seat 50 .

[0092] In this embodiment, a contact plate 58 with a larger area is arranged at the front end of the movable column 51, so that the contact plate 58 is in contact with the buffer layer. The magnitude of the impact force of the falling rock and the impact area are judged according to the moving distance of the movable column 51 in the connecting seat 50 and the moving distance of the movable column 51 on each impact force detection component 49 on the ground wall 4.

[0093] As one connection scheme, the connecting seat 50 is connected to the ground wall 4 by glue. As another connection scheme, a steel column is reserved on the ground wall 4, and the hole on the connecting seat 50 is inserted on the steel column. In addition, a hole with a smaller length is reserved on the ground wall 4, so that the movable column 51 can enter the hole in the ground wall 4 after moving, thereby avoiding interference between the movable column 51 and the ground wall 4.

[0094] In this embodiment, a pull rope connection assembly 17 is installed on the positive column 8. The pull rope connection assembly 17 includes a fixing plate 33, on which lower fixing seats 34 arranged at intervals are installed. The lower fixing seats 34 are fixed to the fixing plate 33 by bolts, and an upper fixing seat 35 is installed on the lower fixing seat 34. The upper fixing seat 35 is fixedly connected to the lower fixing seat 34 by bolts. A spring installation cavity 40 is opened in the lower fixing seat 34, and a lower compression spring 41 is installed in the spring installation cavity 40. A lower pressure plate 42 is installed on the compression spring 41, and the lower pressure plate 42 is arc-shaped. The upper fixed seat 35 is provided with at least two spring limit tubes 43. For example, this embodiment has two spring limit tubes 43, and an upper compression spring 44 is installed in the spring limit tube 43. The upper compression spring 44 is connected to the same upper pressure plate 45. In order to avoid direct contact between the upper pull rope 12 and the fixed plate 33, an upper groove 38 that penetrates the fixed plate 33 is opened on the fixed plate 33, and the upper pull rope 12 passes through the upper groove 38.

[0095] The purpose of using two upper compression springs 44 in this embodiment is that when falling rocks come into contact with the protective net group, the protective net group moves backward. Since the pressure plate has a certain size, the upper pull rope 12 is arranged obliquely between the upper pressure plate 45 and the lower pressure plate 42 at this time. The two upper compression springs 44 are subjected to uneven force, so that the upper pressure plate 45 can also be tilted, increasing the contact points between the upper pull rope 12 and the pressure plate, so that there are always more contact points between the upper pull rope 12 and the upper pressure plate 45 and the lower pressure plate 42, ensuring that the upper pull rope 12 is stably connected to the positive column 8, and ensuring that the positive column 8 and the protective net group are stably tilted backward.

[0096] With reference to the structure in Example 1, when the pull-down rope 13 is connected to the forward column 8, a locking seat 36 is installed on the fixing plate 33, and the locking seat 36 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 33 by bolts. A locking nut 37 is provided on the locking seat 36, and the pull-down rope 13 is passed through the locking seat 36. The locking nut 37 fixes the pull-down rope 13 in the locking seat 36. A lower groove 39 penetrating the fixing plate 33 is provided on the fixing plate 33 to prevent the pull-down rope 13 from directly contacting the fixing plate 33; with reference to the structure in Example 2, when the pull-down rope 13 is connected to the lateral column 23, a locking seat 36 is fixed on the lateral column 23, and the locking seat 36 is fixedly connected to the lateral column 23 by bolts. A locking nut 37 is installed on the locking seat 36, and the pull-down rope 13 is passed through the locking seat 36. The locking nut 37 fixes the pull-down rope 13 in the locking seat 36.

[0097] The hinged assembly 24 includes a fixed plate 46 and a movable plate 47. The fixed plate 46 is installed on the front column 8 by bolts, and the movable plate 47 is installed on the lateral column 23 by bolts. The fixed plate 46 and the movable plate 47 are hingedly connected. There are two limit blocks 48 on the fixed plate 46 or the movable plate 47, so that the movable plate 47 can move between the limit blocks 48. At the same time, under the length limit of the lower pull rope 13, the lateral protection assembly can move stably within a certain range.

[0098] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the impact force detection component 49, the pull rope connection assembly 17, the protective steel pipe 21, the buffer layer and the buffer damping support arm 9 are used in combination. The pull rope in the prior art has a spring component, and the protective net is pulled by an elastic pull rope. This is a structure that does not cooperate with the buffer damping support arm 9. Since this structure cannot detect whether the falling rocks roll down or whether they have an impact on the protective net, if the pull rope in the prior art is used in combination with the buffer damping support arm 9, the protective net is supported by the buffer damping support arm 9 and tightened by the pull rope, the buffering force of the protective net is reduced, and the compression degree of the buffer damping support arm 9 by the falling rocks falling on the protective net is relatively small, and the impact force of the falling rocks on the protective net is detected to be small. Therefore, the buffer damping support arm 9 and the pull rope with spring in the prior art have repeated functions. In addition to using the buffer damping support arm 9 to support the protective net, the connection scheme of the pull rope is improved. The original tensioning scheme is adopted by a clamping and fixing scheme. The pull rope connection assembly 17 is adopted. The tensioning of the pull rope is lacking, but the buffer damping support arm 9 can be used for support. Since the use of the protective steel pipe 21 reduces the bouncing amplitude of the falling rocks, the weight of the falling rocks falling on the protective net will be smaller than that of the existing scheme. Most of the falling rocks fall on the buffer layer. After not using the spring structure on the pull rope, the rockfall detection will be more sensitive. The falling rocks falling on the buffer layer can use the structure of the connecting seat 50 and the movable column 51 in the impact force detection component 49, omitting the use of the force sensor, and avoiding the detection errors or detection errors of the laser sensor. The use of the laser sensor can also be omitted under the condition of controlling the cost.

[0099] Example 4

[0100] This embodiment describes the construction method of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 in detail.

[0101] This embodiment is a construction method of a rock slope rockfall protection structure. The construction of the protection structure in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 includes the following steps:

[0102] Step 1: Predict the rockfall area, level the ground in the rockfall area, and build a protective structure;

[0103] Step 2, clean the ground, dig a foundation trench, lay the formwork, arrange the steel bars 6, reserve expansion joints, pour ordinary concrete and vibrate it to form an underground wall foundation. The upper end surface of the ordinary concrete is a toothed structure, and the toothed structure is arranged obliquely with an inclination angle of 2°-5°;

[0104] Step 3: After the ordinary concrete solidifies and is cured for a fixed time to form the underground wall foundation 2 and the wall foundation connecting column 5, a formwork is laid, and permeable concrete is poured on the underground wall foundation 2. After it solidifies and is cured, the above-ground wall body 4 is formed. The above-ground wall body 4 is arranged in a wedge shape, and the upper end surface of the above-ground wall body 4 is flush with the wall foundation connecting column 5;

[0105] Step 4: Install the base 7 on the wall foundation connecting column 5, and install the forward column 8 and the buffer damping arm 9 on the base 7, so that the forward column 8 is tilted backward at a fixed angle;

[0106] Step 5, installing an anchor rod 14 on the rock mass 1, installing an upper pull rope 12 on the anchor rod 14, and connecting the upper pull rope 12 to the positive column 8, so that the upper pull rope 12 between the anchor rod 14 and the positive column 8 is arranged tightly, and the upper pull rope 12 between the two positive columns 8 is arranged loosely;

[0107] Step 6: Arrange the first protection net 10 and the second protection net 11 on the positive column 8. The first protection net 10 and the second protection net 11 are arranged at intervals of 8 mm to 20 mm.

[0108] Step 7, arranging a forward buffer layer 18 and a lateral buffer layer 19 on the ground, wherein the forward buffer layer 18 is arranged on the front side of the above-ground wall body 4, and the lateral buffer layer 19 is arranged on the side of the above-ground wall body 4, and the forward buffer layer 18 and the lateral buffer layer 19 are connected together by a wire mesh;

[0109] Step 8: Arrange the gully 20, remove the gravel in the gully 20, fill the potholes in the gully 20, and arrange the protective steel pipe 21 on the bottom and side of the gully 20;

[0110] Step 9: Install a laser sensor in the gully 20.

[0111] In step 3 and step 4, the concrete is cured for 7 days, and the top surface is roughened after curing.

[0112] In step 7, the edges of the wire mesh are fixed to the ground wall 4, or the edges of the wire mesh are connected to each other.

[0113] In addition, in step 4, the lateral column 23 is installed on the front column 8 so that the lateral column 23 and the front column 8 are hinged together, the anchor rod 14 is installed on the rock mass 1, the pull-down rope 13 is installed on the anchor rod 14, the pull-down rope 13 is fixed together with the lower end of the lateral column 23 away from the buffer protection assembly, and the pull-down rope 13 is arranged loosely.

[0114] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0115] Although the above describes the specific implementation methods of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Technical personnel in the relevant field should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present application, various modifications or deformations that can be made by technical personnel in this field without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A rock slope rockfall protection structure, comprising an underground wall foundation (2) arranged in a rock mass (1) and an above-ground wall body (4) arranged on the underground wall foundation (2), characterized in that: A buffer protection assembly is provided on the above-ground wall (4); Side protection assemblies are arranged on both sides of the buffer protection assembly. The buffer protection assembly includes four bases (7) arranged at intervals. Two bases (7) located at the front end are hingedly provided with front columns (8). A protection net group is arranged between the front columns (8). An upper pull rope (12) arranged in a whole is arranged on the front columns (8). An anchor rod (14) is arranged at both ends of the upper pull rope (12). The anchor rod (14) is inserted into the rock mass (1). The front columns (8) are arranged to be tilted backwards, and the upper pull rope (12) is arranged to be tilted upwards. The length of the upper pull rope (12) ensures that the front columns (8) can continue to tilt backwards. A buffer damping support arm (9) is provided at the rear end of the forward column (8), and the end of the buffer damping support arm (9) is provided on a base (7) located at the rear end of the wall (4) on the ground.

2. A rock slope rockfall protection structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The underground wall foundation (2) is cast by ordinary concrete, and the above-ground wall body (4) is cast by permeable concrete; The contact area (3) between the underground wall foundation (2) and the above-ground wall body (4) is a serrated boundary, the serrated boundary is arranged obliquely, and the rear end of the serrated boundary is higher than the front end. A wall foundation connecting column (5) is provided on the underground wall foundation (2), and a steel bar (6) is provided in the wall foundation connecting column (5). The wall foundation connecting column (5) extends upward into the above-ground wall body (4), and a base (7) is fixed on the wall foundation connecting column (5).

3. A rock slope rockfall protection structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The positive column (8) is provided with a pull-down rope (13), the end of which is provided with an anchor rod (14), the anchor rod (14) being arranged in the rock mass (1), the pull-down rope (13) being arranged to tilt downward, the length of the pull-down rope (13) ensuring that the positive column (8) can continue to tilt backward, the protection net group comprising a first protection net and a second protection net, the rear end of the first protection net being provided with the second protection net, the mesh gaps and the net rope diameter of the first protection net being greater than the mesh gaps and the net rope diameter of the second protection net.

4. A rock slope rockfall protection structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral protection assembly comprises two lateral columns (23) arranged at intervals, a lateral protection net (22) is arranged between the lateral columns (23), the lateral column (23) close to the buffer protection assembly is hingedly connected to the front column (8) through a hinge assembly (24), the upper pull rope (12) arranged throughout is connected to the front column (8) and the lateral column (23), a lower pull rope (13) is arranged at the lower end of the lateral column (23) away from the buffer protection assembly, an anchor rod (14) is arranged at the end of the lower pull rope (13), the anchor rod (14) is inserted into the rock mass (1), and the length of the lower pull rope (13) ensures that the lateral protection assembly can move around the hinge between the front column (8) and the lateral column (23).

5. A rock slope rockfall protection structure as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A forward buffer layer (18) is provided at the front end of the above-ground wall body (4), a lateral buffer layer (19) is provided on the side of the above-ground wall body (4), the above-ground wall body (4) faces a natural or artificially formed gully (20), and a protective steel pipe (21) is provided in the gully (20).

6. A rock slope rockfall protection structure as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The buffer damping support arm (9) comprises a sleeve (25) and a piston rod (26) inserted in the sleeve (25); an end of the piston rod (26) away from the sleeve (25) is hingedly connected to the positive column (8); a sealing strip (31) is arranged on the end of the piston rod (26) arranged in the sleeve (25); the sealing strip (31) is in contact with the sleeve (25); a buffer spring (30) is arranged in the sleeve (25); a mounting box (27) is arranged at the lower end of the sleeve (25); an end of the mounting box (27) away from the sleeve (25) is hingedly connected to a base (7) located at the rear end of the wall (4) on the ground; a fixing flange (28) is arranged at the end of the sleeve (25) away from the mounting box (27); a sealing pad (29) is arranged between the fixing flange (28) and the sleeve (25); A pressure sensor (32) is arranged in the installation box (27), a laser sensor is arranged in the gully (20), a fixed bracket (16) is arranged on the wall (4) above the ground, a power generation and energy storage assembly (15) is arranged on the fixed bracket (16), the pressure sensor (32), the laser sensor and the power generation and energy storage assembly (15) are electrically connected, the laser sensor monitors whether the falling rocks enter the gully (20), the pressure sensor (32) senses the pressure signal and the pressure value, monitors the blocking condition of the falling rocks by the protective net group and obtains the impact force of the falling rocks on the protective net group.

7. A rock slope rockfall protection structure as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The positive column (8) is provided with a pull rope connection assembly (17), the pull rope connection assembly (17) comprising a fixing plate (33), the fixing plate (33) is provided with lower fixing seats (34) arranged at intervals, the lower fixing seats (34) are provided with an upper fixing seat (35), a spring installation cavity (40) is provided in the lower fixing seat (34), a lower compression spring (41) is provided in the spring installation cavity (40), a lower pressure plate (42) is provided on the lower compression spring (41), at least two spring limiting cylinders (43) are provided on the upper fixing seat (35), an upper compression spring (44) is provided in the spring limiting cylinder (43), the upper compression spring (44) is provided with the same upper pressure plate (45), and an upper groove (38) penetrating the fixing plate (33) is provided on the fixing plate (33); When the lower pull rope (13) is connected to the forward column (8), a locking seat (36) is provided on the fixing plate (33), a locking nut (37) is provided on the locking seat (36), the lower pull rope (13) is inserted into the locking seat (36), the locking nut (37) fixes the lower pull rope (13) in the locking seat (36), and a lower groove (39) penetrating the fixing plate (33) is provided on the fixing plate (33); When the pull-down rope (13) is connected to the lateral column (23), a locking seat (36) is provided on the lateral column (23), a locking nut (37) is provided on the locking seat (36), the pull-down rope (13) is passed through the locking seat (36), and the locking nut (37) fixes the pull-down rope (13) in the locking seat (36).

8. The rock slope rockfall protection structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hinge assembly (24) comprises a fixed plate (46) and a movable plate (47); the fixed plate (46) is arranged on the front column (8), and the movable plate (47) is arranged on the lateral column (23); the fixed plate (46) and the movable plate (47) are hingedly connected; two limit blocks (48) are arranged on the fixed plate (46), so that the movable plate (47) can move between the limit blocks (48).

9. A rock slope rockfall protection structure as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: An impact force detection component (49) is provided on the above-ground wall (4).

10. A construction method for a rock slope rockfall protection structure, characterized in that: Constructing the protective structure as claimed in claim 5 comprises the following steps: Step 1: Predict the rockfall area, level the ground in the rockfall area, and build a protective structure; Step 2, clean the ground, dig a foundation trench, lay the formwork, arrange the steel bars (6), reserve expansion joints, pour ordinary concrete and vibrate to compact it, forming an underground wall foundation, the upper end surface of the ordinary concrete is a tooth-shaped structure, the tooth-shaped structure is arranged obliquely, and the inclination angle is 2°-5°; Step 3: After the ordinary concrete solidifies and is cured for a fixed time to form the underground wall foundation (2) and the wall foundation connecting column (5), a formwork is laid, and permeable concrete is poured on the underground wall foundation (2). After the concrete solidifies and is cured, an above-ground wall body (4) is formed. The above-ground wall body (4) is arranged in a wedge shape, and the upper end surface of the above-ground wall body (4) is flush with the wall foundation connecting column (5); Step 4: Install the base (7) on the wall foundation connection column (5), and install the forward column (8) and the buffer damping support arm (9) on the base (7), so that the forward column (8) is tilted backward at a fixed angle; Step 5, installing an anchor rod (14) on the rock mass (1), installing an upper pull rope (12) on the anchor rod (14), and connecting the upper pull rope (12) to the positive column (8), so that the upper pull rope (12) between the anchor rod (14) and the positive column (8) is arranged tightly, and the upper pull rope (12) between the two positive columns (8) is arranged loosely; Step 6: Arrange a first protection net (10) and a second protection net (11) on the positive column (8), wherein the first protection net (10) and the second protection net (11) are arranged at an interval of 8 mm to 20 mm; Step 7, arranging a forward buffer layer (18) and a lateral buffer layer (19) on the ground, wherein the forward buffer layer (18) is arranged on the front side of the wall body (4) on the ground, and the lateral buffer layer (19) is arranged on the side of the wall body (4) on the ground, and the forward buffer layer (18) and the lateral buffer layer (19) are connected together by a steel wire mesh; Step 8: tidying up the gully (20), removing the gravel in the gully (20), filling the potholes in the gully (20), and arranging the protective steel pipe (21) on the bottom and side of the gully (20); Step 9, installing a laser sensor in the gully (20); In step 4, the lateral column (23) is installed on the front column (8) so that the lateral column (23) and the front column (8) are hingedly matched, an anchor rod (14) is installed on the rock mass (1), a pull-down rope (13) is installed on the anchor rod (14), the pull-down rope (13) is fixed to the lower end of the lateral column (23) away from the buffer protection structure, and the pull-down rope (13) is arranged loosely.

Images