An external hanging energy-absorbing structure, an external hanging wall using the structure and a mounting method of the external hanging wall

Abstract

An external hanging energy absorption structure, an external hanging wall using the structure and a mounting method of the external hanging wall, which relate to the field of civil engineering and construction.The present application solves the problems of the existing external hanging energy absorption structure, such as limited energy consumption capacity, fire risk in the welding process and high cost.The hanging plate (C) is a rectangular plate body, and through holes are formed around the hanging plate (C), a plurality of square steel pipe bodies (B) are fixed and installed on the hanging plate (C) in a rectangular array, the upper parts of the plurality of square steel pipe bodies (B) are inserted into the double-steel plate-concrete composite plate (A), a sleeve pipe is embedded in the double-steel plate-concrete composite plate (A), and the sleeve pipe is coaxially arranged with the through hole on the hanging plate (C).The plurality of external hanging energy absorption structures are assembled into a rectangular surface wall and then mounted on the outer side wall of the building main body (D).The present application is used for protecting the building structure when facing impact and explosion load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of civil engineering construction technology, specifically to an external energy-absorbing structure, an external wall using the structure, and an installation method for the external wall. Background Technology

[0002] External energy-absorbing structures are attached to the exterior of a building's main structure using construction techniques. They utilize their material properties (such as elastic-plastic deformation, friction, and damping) to absorb and dissipate energy, thereby reducing the energy and load acting on the main structure and effectively protecting its safety. However, in today's social environment and international situation, extreme events such as shocks and explosions are occurring more frequently worldwide, placing higher demands on the shock and explosion protection capabilities of building structures.

[0003] In my country, various engineering structures frequently suffer from impacts and explosions during their service life, causing enormous loss of life and property. Furthermore, existing building structures are typically not designed for extreme impacts and explosions during their initial design and construction phases. This situation leaves existing buildings severely inadequately protected against impacts and explosions; for structures of critical strategic importance, such as vital transportation hubs, the consequences of an impact or explosion would be unimaginable.

[0004] External energy-absorbing structures have shown great potential in the field of building protection due to their significant advantages such as high energy consumption performance, excellent structural adaptability, simple construction process, and easy maintenance and replacement.

[0005] Currently, existing external energy-absorbing structures often suffer from poor energy dissipation and complex manufacturing processes. Furthermore, the connection between the energy-absorbing structure and the main structure is crucial for ensuring the energy-absorbing structure can effectively perform its energy-dissipating characteristics. The connection must reliably transmit internal forces while ensuring that the connection does not fail before the energy-absorbing structure when it is in operation.

[0006] For example, external energy-absorbing structures mainly include thin-walled metal energy-absorbing structures, polymer foam energy-absorbing structures, metal honeycomb energy-absorbing structures, and additively manufactured origami-type honeycomb energy-absorbing structures. Among these, thin-walled metal energy-absorbing structures have limited energy dissipation capacity and therefore cannot withstand high-energy impacts or explosive loads; polymer foam energy-absorbing structures are expensive and pose a fire risk during welding; furthermore, metal honeycomb structures have complex molding processes and high costs; and additively manufactured origami-type energy-absorbing structures are generally not suitable for large-scale building structures and are not easily promoted. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an external energy-absorbing structure that is suitable for building structures, has good energy dissipation capacity, and is relatively inexpensive.

[0007] In summary, existing external energy-absorbing structures have problems such as limited energy dissipation capacity, easy fire risk during welding, and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of limited energy dissipation capacity, fire risk during welding, and high cost of existing external energy-absorbing structures, and to provide an external energy-absorbing structure, an external wall using the structure, and an installation method for the external wall.

[0009] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0010] An external energy-absorbing structure includes a hanging plate, a double steel plate-concrete composite slab, and multiple square steel tubes. The hanging plate is rectangular and has through holes on all four sides. The multiple square steel tubes are fixedly installed on the hanging plate in a rectangular array. The upper parts of the multiple square steel tubes are inserted into the double steel plate-concrete composite slab. A sleeve is embedded in the double steel plate-concrete composite slab, and the sleeve is coaxially arranged with the through holes on the hanging plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the square steel tube body includes a rectangular tube body and a filler, with a plug-in lug provided on the upper part of the rectangular tube body, and the filler is inserted into the rectangular tube body.

[0012] Preferably, the filler is bonded to the rectangular tube, and a gap of 0.8mm-2.5mm is left between the filler and the inner wall of the rectangular tube.

[0013] Preferably, the filler is polymer foam or metal foam.

[0014] Furthermore, the double steel plate-concrete composite slab includes an upper steel plate, a concrete slab, side steel plates, a lower steel plate, and multiple sleeves. The multiple sleeves are pre-embedded in the concrete slab, the concrete slab is embedded in the side steel plates, and the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate are respectively covered on the upper and lower surfaces of the concrete slab.

[0015] Furthermore, the square steel tube body and the hanging plate are fixedly connected by plug welding.

[0016] The present invention also provides an external wall, which includes a cover plate assembly and multiple external energy-absorbing structures. The multiple external energy-absorbing structures are assembled into a rectangular face wall and installed on the outer side wall of the main body of the building. The cover plate assembly E covers the rectangular face wall and is connected to the main body of the building through the external energy-absorbing structures.

[0017] Furthermore, when the main body of the building has external energy-absorbing structures on all four sides or on two adjacent sides, the cover plate assembly includes a cross-shaped cover plate, a T-shaped cover plate, end right-angle cover plates, and a middle right-angle cover plate.

[0018] The first row of cover plates is formed by installing end right-angled cover plates, at least one T-shaped cover plate, and end right-angled cover plates sequentially from left to right; the second row of cover plates to the (N-1)th row of cover plates is formed by installing middle right-angled cover plates, at least one cross-shaped cover plate, and middle right-angled cover plates sequentially from left to right; the Nth row of cover plates is formed by installing end right-angled cover plates, at least one T-shaped cover plate, and end right-angled cover plates sequentially from left to right and arranging them in a horizontal, straight-line mirror manner with the first row of cover plates; the first row of cover plates, multiple second row cover plates, and the Nth row of cover plates sequentially cover the rectangular wall from top to bottom;

[0019] Alternatively, when one side of the main building has an external energy-absorbing structure, the cover plate assembly includes a cross-shaped cover plate, a T-shaped cover plate, or an L-shaped cover plate.

[0020] An L-shaped cover plate, at least one T-shaped cover plate, and another L-shaped cover plate are installed sequentially from left to right to form the first row of cover plates; a T-shaped cover plate, at least one cross-shaped cover plate, and another T-shaped cover plate are installed sequentially from left to right to form the second row of cover plates up to the (N-1)th row of cover plates; an L-shaped cover plate, at least one T-shaped cover plate, and another L-shaped cover plate are installed sequentially from left to right and arranged in a horizontal, straight-line mirror manner with the first row of cover plates to form the Nth row of cover plates; the first row of cover plates, multiple second row cover plates, and the Nth row of cover plates are sequentially covered on the rectangular wall from top to bottom.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for installing an external wall mount, which includes the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Construct an external energy-absorbing structure:

[0023] Step 11: Cut the rectangular tube, upper steel plate, side steel plate, lower steel plate, and multiple sleeves and fillers to the corresponding dimensions;

[0024] Steps 1 and 2: Weld the rectangular tube to the mounting plate using plug welding;

[0025] Step 13: Fill the rectangular tube with the filler material;

[0026] Step 14: Weld the lower steel plate onto the rectangular tube;

[0027] Step 15: Weld three of the four side steel plates in the double steel plate-concrete composite slab to the lower steel plate, and at the same time weld the pre-embedded sleeve to the lower steel plate;

[0028] Step 16: Weld the upper steel plate of the double steel plate-concrete structure to the side steel plates and the rectangular tube;

[0029] Step 17: Pour concrete, smooth it, and then water it for curing;

[0030] Step 18: Weld the fourth lateral steel plate;

[0031] Step 2: Connect the external energy-absorbing structure to the main building structure:

[0032] Step 21: Insert pre-embedded long bolts into the main body of the building. At this time, the length of the long bolts is greater than the height of the external energy-absorbing structure.

[0033] Step 22: Pass the pre-embedded long bolts through the reserved holes and pre-embedded sleeves on the external energy-absorbing structure;

[0034] Steps 2 and 3: Based on the dimensions of the main building and the number of external energy-absorbing structures used, process different numbers of cover plate components and connect the cover plate components to the external energy-absorbing structures. This completes the installation of the external energy-absorbing structures on the building.

[0035] Furthermore, in step one four, the lower steel plate and the rectangular tube are connected by spot welding.

[0036] Furthermore, the external energy-absorbing structure in step one has a horizontal or circular cross-sectional shape.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0038] 1. The external energy-absorbing structure of this invention, by embedding a sleeve within the double steel plate-concrete composite slab A, allows long bolts pre-embedded within the building body D to smoothly pass through the external energy-absorbing structure, achieving a firm connection between the external energy-absorbing structure and the building body D. (For older buildings, if the building walls are thick, holes can be directly drilled in the exterior wall, and appropriately sized bolts can be inserted to connect the external energy-absorbing structure; if the walls are thin, it is necessary to first verify whether the old building structure can accommodate the external energy-absorbing structure. If not, it needs to be reinforced before connecting by drilling and inserting bolts.)

[0039] 2. The external energy-absorbing structure of this invention is characterized by low cost and simple manufacturing, and its connection method is firm and reliable, effectively improving the impact resistance and explosion resistance of buildings. Specifically, it is reflected in:

[0040] (1) The materials used in this invention are mostly common materials in industrial production and are relatively inexpensive;

[0041] (2) The present invention can be industrialized on a large scale by factory prefabrication. Automated production lines can be used in the production process to reduce labor costs and improve production efficiency while ensuring quality.

[0042] (3) The present invention is connected to the building by cover plates and bolts. The cover plates are made of steel and are relatively inexpensive. The bolts are common fasteners in industrial production, which are inexpensive and of guaranteed quality.

[0043] 3. The external energy-absorbing structure of this invention can, when a building structure encounters impact or explosive loads, distribute the load relatively evenly (where "evenly" represents the function of the composite plate when the energy-absorbing structure is subjected to local loads; specifically, the double steel plate-concrete composite plate has high lateral stiffness, and its deformation is small under local loads; furthermore, due to the presence of through bolts, the lateral displacement of the double steel plate-concrete composite plate in the energy-absorbing structure is restricted, and at the same time, the composite plate exhibits a membrane stretching effect during deformation, further restricting the lateral deformation of the double steel plate-concrete composite plate.) to the lower foam-filled square steel pipe (referring to a square steel pipe with a wall thickness of no more than 3.0 mm), causing more foam-filled thin-walled square steel pipes to deform and dissipate more energy; the pre-embedded bolts on the building structure can pass through the holes on the hanging plate and the pre-embedded sleeves inside the double steel plate-concrete composite plate; the areas between specimens can be connected by cover plates to eliminate weak areas. Therefore, the present invention can effectively reduce the energy acting on the main structure, thereby significantly improving the impact resistance of the building.

[0044] 4. Furthermore, the adaptability of the external energy-absorbing structure of this invention allows it to be widely applied to different types of building structures, whether for new construction projects or the reinforcement and renovation of existing buildings (for new construction projects, bolts can be welded to the steel reinforcement frame of the main structure before pouring concrete, and then the energy-absorbing structure can be inserted through the pre-embedded bolts after the concrete has cured for 28 days; for existing buildings, please refer to Article 1). It can adapt flexibly to various situations. At the same time, the maintenance and replacement of the external energy-absorbing structure are relatively simple, facilitating timely repair and replacement of damaged parts, ensuring its long-term stable protective effect.

[0045] 5. The force-bearing principle of the double steel plate-concrete composite slab A of the present invention, after the sleeve is embedded in it, is as follows compared with the double steel plate-concrete composite slab A-2 without the sleeve embedded in it:

[0046] When there are no through bolts in the double steel plate-concrete composite slab, the deformation mode near the center of the component under load is as follows: Figure 21 As shown, this is the overall bending deformation. The resistance during the deformation is mainly related to the overall bending stiffness of the component, and its boundary can be considered as a simply supported boundary condition.

[0047] When a through bolt is present, such as Figure 22As shown, this is equivalent to changing the boundary conditions of the component. The double steel plate-concrete composite slab changes from a simply supported boundary condition to an approximately fixed boundary condition. Under the same geometric dimensions and material parameters, it has greater lateral stiffness. In addition, under the action of the central load, since the through bolt restricts the deformation of the component, the double steel plate-concrete composite slab will also have a membrane tensile effect in addition to the overall bending deformation, thereby enhancing the lateral stiffness of the component to a certain extent. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the external energy-absorbing structure of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Exploded view of double steel plate-concrete composite slab A; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Structural diagram of steel pipe body B in the Chinese side; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Front view of the middle mounting plate C;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the external energy-absorbing structure after it is formed into the wall surface and installed on the main body D of the building. Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the cross-shaped cover plate E-1 of the cover plate assembly E; Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of cover plate E-2 of cover plate assembly E; Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the right-angled cover plate E-4 at the end of the cover plate assembly E; Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the right-angled cover plate E-5 in the middle of the cover plate assembly E;

[0050] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to step one; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to steps one and two; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to steps one and three; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to steps one and four; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to step one five; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to step one six; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to step one seven; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to step 18;

[0051] Figure 18 This is the structural diagram corresponding to step 2.1; Figure 19 This is the structural diagram corresponding to step two. Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to steps two and three;

[0052] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the stress principle when there are no through bolts in a double steel plate-concrete composite slab. Figure 22This is a diagram illustrating the force distribution principle when a double steel plate-concrete composite slab is bolted through.

[0053] Figure 23 This is a structural schematic diagram of cover plate E-3 of cover plate assembly E.

[0054] In the diagram: A, Double steel plate-concrete composite slab; A-1, Upper steel plate; A-2, Concrete slab; A-3, Sleeve; A-4, Side steel plate; A-5, Lower steel plate.

[0055] B. Square steel tube body; B-1. Rectangular tube body; B-2. Filler material; B-3. Insertion lug.

[0056] C. Hanging plate; D. Main body of building; E. Cover plate assembly; E-1. Cross-shaped cover plate; E-2. T-shaped cover plate; E-3. L-shaped cover plate; E-4. End right-angle cover plate; E-5. Middle right-angle cover plate. Detailed Implementation

[0057] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment describes a mounting plate C, which also includes a double steel plate-concrete composite slab A and multiple square steel tubes B. The mounting plate C is a rectangular plate with through holes on all four sides. The multiple square steel tubes B are fixedly installed on the mounting plate C in a rectangular array. The upper parts of the multiple square steel tubes B are inserted into the double steel plate-concrete composite slab A. A sleeve is embedded in the double steel plate-concrete composite slab A, and the sleeve is coaxially arranged with the through holes on the mounting plate C.

[0058] This embodiment achieves the connection with the main body of the building by embedding a sleeve inside the double steel plate-concrete composite slab A. The entire connection method is simple, reliable and strong.

[0059] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figure 3 This embodiment describes a square steel tube B comprising a rectangular tube B-1 and a filler B-2. The upper part of the rectangular tube B-1 is provided with a plug-in ear B-3, and the filler B-2 is inserted into the rectangular tube B-1.

[0060] With this configuration, in actual use, the two plug ears B-3 in this embodiment pass upward through the lower steel plate A-5, and can be welded or bent before being poured with concrete. This not only transmits power but also improves the impact resistance. Other components and connections are the same as in Specific Embodiment 1.

[0061] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figure 3 In this embodiment, the filler B-2 is bonded to the rectangular tube B-1, and a gap of 0.8mm-2.5mm is left between the filler B-2 and the inner wall of the rectangular tube B-1.

[0062] In this configuration, the gap between the filler B-2 and the rectangular tube B-1 in this embodiment is designed to ensure that the adhesive is evenly filled between the rectangular tube B-1 and the filler B-2. After filling the rectangular tube B-1 with filler B-2, the deformation mode of the rectangular tube B-1 can be optimized, resulting in more plastic deformation zones during the deformation process and improving the energy absorption capacity of the structure. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiments one or two.

[0063] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figure 3 In this embodiment, the filler B-2 is either polymer foam or metal foam. This configuration allows for the selection of a suitable foam based on different protection requirements and budgetary constraints during actual use. When the energy-absorbing structure needs to withstand high-temperature explosions or high-temperature impacts, metal foam can be chosen as the filler. When the energy-absorbing structure's operating environment does not involve high-temperature conditions, more economical polymer foam can be selected as the filler. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiments one, two, or three.

[0064] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figure 2 This embodiment describes a double steel plate-concrete composite slab A, which includes an upper steel plate A-1, a concrete slab A-2, a side steel plate A-4, a lower steel plate A-5, and multiple sleeves A-3. The multiple sleeves A-3 are embedded in the concrete slab A-2, which is embedded in the side steel plate A-4. The upper steel plate A-1 and the lower steel plate A-5 are respectively installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the concrete slab A-2.

[0065] In this configuration, A-1, side steel plate A-4, and bottom steel plate A-5 in the double steel plate-concrete composite slab together form the casting template. The presence of side steel plate A-4 improves the overall integrity and lateral stiffness of the double steel plate-concrete composite slab. The presence of sleeve A-3 allows for the pre-reservation of storage holes during concrete pouring, enabling pre-embedded bolts to pass through the double steel plate-concrete composite slab. The presence of concrete slab A-2 improves the mass of the double steel plate-concrete composite slab, giving it greater inertia. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiments one, two, three, or four.

[0066] Specific Implementation Method Six: Combination Figure 1 In this embodiment, the square steel tube B and the hanging plate C are fixedly connected by plug welding.

[0067] This configuration, using plug welding, effectively ensures a reliable connection between the thin-walled square steel pipe and the hanging plate, while also facilitating welding at various locations. Other components and connections are the same as in any of the specific embodiments one through five.

[0068] Specific implementation method seven: Combination Figure 5 , Figures 6-9 and Figure 23 This embodiment describes a structure including a cover plate assembly E and multiple externally mounted energy-absorbing structures. These externally mounted energy-absorbing structures are assembled into a rectangular wall and installed on the outer wall of the main building D. The cover plate assembly E covers the rectangular wall and is connected to the main building D via the externally mounted energy-absorbing structures. Other components and connections are the same as in any of the specific embodiments one through six.

[0069] When the main body of the building D has external energy-absorbing structures on all four sides or on two adjacent sides, the cover plate assembly E includes a cross-shaped cover plate E-1, a T-shaped cover plate E-2, an end right-angle cover plate E-4, and a middle right-angle cover plate E-5.

[0070] The right-angled end cover plate E-4, at least one T-cover plate E-2, and the right-angled end cover plate E-4 are installed sequentially from left to right to form the first row of cover plates; the middle right-angled end cover plate E-5, at least one cross-shaped cover plate E-1, and the middle right-angled end cover plate E-5 are installed sequentially from left to right to form the second row of cover plates to the (N-1)th row of cover plates; the right-angled end cover plate E-4, at least one T-cover plate E-2, and the right-angled end cover plate E-4 are installed sequentially from left to right and arranged in a horizontal straight line mirror image with the first row of cover plates to form the Nth row of cover plates; the first row of cover plates, multiple second row cover plates, and the Nth row of cover plates are sequentially covered on the rectangular wall from top to bottom;

[0071] Alternatively, when one side of the main building D has an external energy-absorbing structure, the cover plate assembly E includes a cross-shaped cover plate E-1, a T-shaped cover plate E-2, and an L-shaped cover plate E-3.

[0072] L-cover plate E-3, at least one T-cover plate E-2, and another L-cover plate E-3 are installed sequentially from left to right to form the first row of cover plates; T-cover plate E-2, at least one cross-shaped cover plate E-1, and another T-cover plate E-2 are installed sequentially from left to right to form the second row of cover plates up to the (N-1)th row of cover plates; L-cover plate E-3, at least one T-cover plate E-2, and another L-cover plate E-3 are installed sequentially from left to right and arranged in a horizontal, straight-line mirror manner with the first row of cover plates to form the Nth row of cover plates; the first row of cover plates, multiple second row cover plates, and the Nth row of cover plates are sequentially covered on the rectangular wall from top to bottom.

[0073] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figures 1 to 20 This embodiment describes the following steps:

[0074] Step 1: Construct an external energy-absorbing structure:

[0075] Step 11: Cut the rectangular tube B-1, upper steel plate A-1, side steel plate A-4, lower steel plate A-5, multiple sleeves A-3, and filler B-2 to the corresponding dimensions;

[0076] Steps 1 and 2: Weld the rectangular tube B-1 to the hanging plate C using plug welding;

[0077] Step 13: Fill the rectangular tube B-1 with filler material B-2;

[0078] Step 14: Weld the lower steel plate A-5 onto the rectangular tube B-1;

[0079] Step 15: Weld three of the four side steel plates A-4 in the double steel plate-concrete composite slab B to the lower steel plate A-5, and at the same time weld the pre-embedded sleeve A-3 to the lower steel plate A-5.

[0080] Step 16: Weld the upper steel plate A-1 of the double steel plate-concrete structure to the side steel plate A-4 and the rectangular tube B-1;

[0081] Step 17: Pour concrete, smooth it, and then water it for curing;

[0082] Step 18: Weld the fourth lateral steel plate A-4; the three lateral steel plates, the lower steel plate, and the upper steel plate together form a casting template, and the specimen is then placed upright on its side for casting.

[0083] Step 2: Connect the external energy-absorbing structure to the main building D:

[0084] Step 21: Insert pre-embedded long bolts into the main body D of the building. At this time, the length of the long bolts is greater than the height of the external energy-absorbing structure.

[0085] Step 22: Pass the pre-embedded long bolts through the reserved holes and pre-embedded sleeves A-3 on the external energy-absorbing structure;

[0086] Steps 2 and 3: Based on the dimensions of the main building D and the number of external energy-absorbing structures used, process different numbers of cover plate components E, and connect the cover plate components E to the external energy-absorbing structures. This completes the installation of the external energy-absorbing structures on the building.

[0087] With this configuration, the fabrication process of the energy-absorbing structure follows a strict sequence, allowing for standardized mass prefabrication in a factory and production using highly automated production lines. The connection method ensures both ease of connection and structural strength, while the cover plate eliminates weak points between the two energy-absorbing structures, further enhancing the overall protective performance of the building. Other components and connections are identical to any one of the specific implementation methods one through seven.

[0088] Specific Implementation Method Nine: Combining Figure 13 In this embodiment, the lower steel plate A-5 and the rectangular tube B-1 are connected by spot welding in step one of the four steps.

[0089] This design prevents the injected foam from melting. Other components and connections are the same as in any of the specific embodiments one through eight.

[0090] Specific Implementation Method Ten: Combining Figure 5 This embodiment describes an external energy-absorbing structure in step one where the longitudinal cross-sectional shape is either a horizontal segment or a circular arc segment.

[0091] This design is suitable for building structures where bolts can be embedded on the exterior, and is not limited to curved or flat surfaces. When the exterior facade of the building is curved, the hanging plate, double steel plate-concrete composite plate, and cover plate in the new energy-absorbing structure can be modified accordingly to have corresponding curved surfaces. Other components and connections are the same as any one of the specific implementation methods one to nine.

[0092] Combination Figures 1 to 22 Explanation of the working principle of this invention:

[0093] This invention aims to propose a novel external energy-absorbing structure to further improve the energy dissipation capacity of external energy-absorbing structures and reduce production costs. The novel external energy-absorbing structure proposed in this invention mainly consists of a double steel plate-concrete composite slab, or a thin-walled square steel tube filled with polymer foam or metal foam.

[0094] The external energy-absorbing structure proposed in this invention includes a double steel plate-concrete composite slab at the front, a polymer foam or metal foam-filled thin-walled metal square steel tube in the middle, and a hanging plate at the rear. The main contents of this invention are illustrated through the manufacturing and connection / fixing process of the novel external energy-absorbing structure.

[0095] (1) Manufacturing process of external energy absorption structure: ① Cut thin-walled square steel pipe, steel plate, polymer foam or metal foam to the corresponding size. ② Weld the thin-walled square steel pipe to the hanging plate by plug welding. Plug welding can effectively ensure the reliable connection between the thin-walled square steel pipe and the hanging plate, and facilitate welding at each position. ③ Fill the thin-walled square steel pipe with foam. ④ Weld the lower steel plate of the double steel plate-concrete composite plate to the thin-walled square steel pipe by spot welding to prevent the foam from melting. ⑤ Weld three of the four side steel plates of the double steel plate-concrete composite plate to the lower steel plate, and weld the pre-embedded sleeve on the lower steel plate. ⑥ Weld the upper steel plate of the double steel plate-concrete composite plate to the side steel plates and the thin-walled square steel pipe. ⑦ Pour concrete, smooth it and water it for curing. ⑧ Weld the fourth side steel plate.

[0096] (2) Connection and fixing process of the external energy-absorbing structure: ① Embedded bolts are inserted into the building structure; ② The new external energy-absorbing structure is connected to the building structure, wherein the embedded bolts on the building structure will pass through the reserved holes and embedded sleeves on the energy-absorbing structure; ③ According to the building structure dimensions and the number of new external energy-absorbing structures used, different numbers of cross-shaped, T-shaped, L-shaped cover plates and right-angle folded plates are processed, and the cover plates and folded plates are connected to the energy-absorbing structure. After completing the above work, the work of adding a new external energy-absorbing structure to the building is completed, and the impact resistance and explosion resistance of the building structure are greatly improved.

[0097] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An external energy-absorbing structure, comprising a mounting plate (C), characterized in that: It also includes a double steel plate-concrete composite slab (A) and multiple square steel tubes (B). The hanging plate (C) is a rectangular plate with through holes on all four sides. Multiple square steel tubes (B) are fixedly installed on the hanging plate (C) in a rectangular array. The upper part of the multiple square steel tubes (B) is inserted into the double steel plate-concrete composite plate (A). The double steel plate-concrete composite plate (A) is fitted with a sleeve, and the sleeve is arranged coaxially with the through holes on the hanging plate (C). The double steel plate-concrete composite slab (A) includes an upper steel plate (A-1), a concrete slab (A-2), side steel plates (A-4), a lower steel plate (A-5), and multiple sleeves (A-3). Multiple sleeves (A-3) are embedded in the concrete slab (A-2), the concrete slab (A-2) is embedded in the side steel plate (A-4), and the upper steel plate (A-1) and lower steel plate (A-5) are respectively covered on the upper and lower surfaces of the concrete slab (A-2); The square steel tube (B) includes a rectangular tube (B-1) and a filler (B-2). The upper part of the rectangular tube (B-1) is provided with a plug-in ear (B-3), and the filler (B-2) is inserted into the rectangular tube (B-1).

2. The external energy-absorbing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler (B-2) is bonded to the rectangular tube (B-1), and a gap of 0.8mm-2.5mm is left between the filler (B-2) and the inner wall of the rectangular tube (B-1).

3. The external energy-absorbing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filler (B-2) is a polymer foam or a metal foam.

4. The external energy-absorbing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The square steel tube (B) and the hanging plate (C) are fixedly connected by plug welding.

5. An external wall structure employing the external energy-absorbing structure described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: It includes a cover plate assembly (E) and multiple external energy-absorbing structures. The multiple external energy-absorbing structures are assembled into a rectangular face wall and installed on the outer wall of the main body of the building (D). The cover plate assembly (E) covers the rectangular face wall and is connected to the main body of the building (D) through the external energy-absorbing structures.

6. The external wall panel according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the main body of the building (D) has external energy-absorbing structures on all four sides or on two adjacent sides, the cover plate assembly (E) includes a cross-shaped cover plate (E-1), a T-shaped cover plate (E-2), an end right-angle cover plate (E-4), and a middle right-angle cover plate (E-5). The right-angled end cover plate (E-4), at least one T-cover plate (E-2), and the right-angled end cover plate (E-4) are installed sequentially from left to right to form the first row of cover plates; the right-angled middle cover plate (E-5), at least one cross-shaped cover plate (E-1), and the right-angled middle cover plate (E-5) are installed sequentially from left to right to form the second row of cover plates to the (N-1)th row of cover plates; the right-angled end cover plate (E-4), at least one T-cover plate (E-2), and the right-angled end cover plate (E-4) are installed sequentially from left to right and arranged in a horizontal, straight-line mirror manner with the first row of cover plates to form the Nth row of cover plates; the first row of cover plates, multiple second row cover plates, and the Nth row of cover plates are sequentially covered on the rectangular wall from top to bottom; Alternatively, when one side of the main building (D) has an external energy-absorbing structure, the cover plate assembly (E) includes a cross-shaped cover plate (E-1), a T-shaped cover plate (E-2), and an L-shaped cover plate (E-3). The L-shaped cover plate (E-3), at least one T-shaped cover plate (E-2), and another L-shaped cover plate (E-3) are installed from left to right to form the first row of cover plates; the T-shaped cover plate (E-2), at least one cross-shaped cover plate (E-1), and another T-shaped cover plate (E-2) are installed from left to right to form the second row of cover plates to the (N-1)th row of cover plates; the L-shaped cover plate (E-3), at least one T-shaped cover plate (E-2), and another L-shaped cover plate (E-3) are installed from left to right and arranged in a horizontal straight line mirror image with the first row of cover plates to form the Nth row of cover plates; the first row of cover plates, multiple second row cover plates, and the Nth row of cover plates are installed from top to bottom on the rectangular wall.

7. A method for installing the external wall panel as described in claim 6, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct an external energy-absorbing structure: Step 11: Cut the rectangular tube (B-1), upper steel plate (A-1), side steel plate (A-4), lower steel plate (A-5), multiple sleeves (A-3), and filler (B-2) to the corresponding dimensions; Steps 1 and 2: Weld the rectangular tube (B-1) to the hanging plate (C) using plug welding; Step 13: Fill the rectangular tube (B-1) with the filler material (B-2); Step 14: Weld the lower steel plate (A-5) onto the rectangular tube (B-1); Step 15: Weld three of the four side steel plates (A-4) of the double steel plate-concrete composite slab (B) to the lower steel plate (A-5), and at the same time weld the pre-embedded sleeve (A-3) to the lower steel plate (A-5). Step 16: Weld the upper steel plate (A-1) of the double steel plate-concrete structure to the side steel plate (A-4) and the rectangular tube (B-1); Step 17: Pour concrete, smooth it, and then water it for curing; Step 18: Weld the fourth lateral steel plate (A-4); Step 2: Connect the external energy-absorbing structure to the main building structure (D): Step 21: Insert pre-embedded long bolts into the main body of the building (D). At this time, the length of the long bolts is greater than the height of the external energy-absorbing structure. Step 22: Pass the pre-embedded long bolts through the reserved holes and pre-embedded sleeves (A-3) on the external energy-absorbing structure. Steps 2 and 3: Based on the dimensions of the main building (D) and the number of external energy-absorbing structures used, process different numbers of cover plate assemblies (E) and connect the cover plate assemblies (E) to the external energy-absorbing structures. This completes the installation of external energy-absorbing structures on the building.

8. The method for installing an external wall panel according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step one four, the lower steel plate (A-5) and the rectangular tube (B-1) are connected by spot welding.

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