Intelligent drilling machine for engineering geological investigation and drilling method

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent drilling machine for engineering geological survey and a drilling method. The drilling machine is composed of a clamp holder, a power head, a vibrator, a drill tower support, a tower lifting oil cylinder, a drill tower locking device, a base, supporting legs, ground anchors, a stand column, a pulley, a steel wire rope, a drill tower, a winch, a slurry pump, a static penetrometer, a drilling tool, a control room, an operation table, a radiator, an oil tank and a power transmission device. An artificial intelligence technology is applied to the field of engineering geological survey, and the multifunctional full-hydraulic intelligent drilling machine and the intelligent drilling method have the functions of static pressure drilling, rotary drilling, top drive percussion drilling, in-hole percussion drilling and measurement while drilling of drilling parameters and geophysical parameters and can automatically recognize strata and automatically adjust the drilling parameters. The method has the advantages of high stratum adaptability, low accident rate, high drilling efficiency, low drilling cost and low labor intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an intelligent drilling rig and a drilling method for engineering geological survey, and in particular to an intelligent drilling rig and a drilling method for engineering geological survey for measuring multi-physical parameters of near-surface strata. Background Art

[0002] Geological survey involves many fields such as engineering geology, hydrogeology, environmental geology, land use and waste disposal, and the survey work in all these fields is inseparable from drilling technology. In the process of exploration, it is necessary to use a variety of technical means such as geophysical logging, sounding, drilling sampling, etc. to obtain the geophysical parameters of near-surface strata. At present, the drilling rigs available for geological survey in my country have single functions and generally use manual control drilling rigs. The technology is relatively backward and cannot meet modern exploration requirements. During the drilling process, it is impossible to judge the stratum in time, and it is difficult to change the drilling procedure parameters in time, which is easy to cause in-hole accidents such as stuck drill, buried drill, and broken drill rod. The drilling capacity and adaptability of complex strata are poor, the accident rate is high, and the drilling efficiency is low.

[0003] In order to meet the needs of modern geological survey in my country, the intelligent technology level of engineering geological survey drilling rigs should be improved. During the drilling process, the rig can detect the nine drilling parameters of the feed stroke, drilling speed, drilling pressure, rotation speed, drilling flow and pressure, torque, power and hole depth; it can measure the geophysical parameters of the formation (including formation density, formation resistivity and formation wave velocity) while drilling, and can timely and accurately judge the formation type through the above parameters, and according to the formation type, through the intelligent feedback system of the drilling rig, timely and automatically change the drilling procedure parameters to adapt to the drilling requirements of different formations, reduce drilling accidents and improve drilling efficiency. The drilling process is changed from being based on feelings and experience to being automatically drilled based on data, so as to make the drilling process more scientific. Intelligent control of the drilling process solves the current problems of high labor intensity, high drilling accident rate, low drilling efficiency and high drilling cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent drilling rig for engineering geological survey. Another object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent drilling method for engineering geological survey.

[0005] The invention discloses an intelligent drilling rig for engineering geological survey, which is composed of a clamp, a power head, a vibrator, a drilling tower support, a tower lifting cylinder, a drilling tower locking device, a base, legs and ground anchors, columns, pulleys, wire ropes, a drilling tower, a winch, a mud pump, a static penetration instrument, drilling tools, a control room, an operating table, a radiator, an oil tank, and a power transmission device. The clamp is fixed on the drilling tower and can clamp the drilling tools, and can unscrew the drilling tools in cooperation with the power head; the power head is connected with the vibrator and can move up and down along the drilling tower to lift and lower the drilling tools, and can also drive the drilling tools to move. Rotary drilling and impact drilling; the winch and pulley are fixed on the drilling tower, and the drilling tools can be raised and lowered by wire ropes, which are used for impact drilling in the hole and dynamic probing of the formation; the two ends of the tower lifting cylinder are respectively hinged on the base and the drilling tower, which are used to erect the drilling tower during drilling and to level the drilling tower when the drilling rig is moved; after the drilling tower is erected, the drilling tower is locked to the base with the drilling tower locking device, and the drilling rig is leveled and fixed to the ground with legs and ground anchors to ensure safety during drilling; the column is fixed on the base to support the drilling tower when leveling the drilling tower; the mud pump is fixed on the base, and is used to The drilling tool is used to transport high-pressure drilling fluid into the hole; the static penetration instrument is fixed on the base and is used to measure the bearing capacity, deformation modulus and pore water pressure of the formation; the drilling tool is located on the base, and the drilling tool includes a drill bit, a formation density while drilling instrument, a formation resistivity while drilling instrument, and a formation wave velocity while drilling instrument. The drill bit is used to break the rock at the bottom of the hole, the formation density while drilling instrument is used to measure the formation density while drilling, the formation resistivity while drilling instrument is used to measure the formation resistivity while drilling, and the formation wave velocity while drilling instrument is used to measure the formation wave velocity while drilling; the control room is fixed on the base, and the control room consists of It is composed of a host control machine, a drilling parameter detection subsystem, and a drilling rig control subsystem. The host control machine is used to store, analyze and process drilling parameters and geophysical parameters. The drilling parameter detection subsystem is used to measure drilling parameters and geophysical parameters. The drilling rig control subsystem is used to control and adjust drilling parameters. The operating table is fixed on the base and is used for manual operation of the drilling rig. The radiator is fixed on the base and is used for forced heat dissipation of the hydraulic system. The oil tank is fixed on the base and is used to store hydraulic oil. The power transmission device is fixed on the base and can transmit the power of the front vehicle of the drilling rig to the drilling rig.

[0006] The engineering geological survey intelligent drilling method of the present invention comprises the following steps: (i) Level and secure the base of the drilling rig using outriggers and anchors; (ii) The tower lifting cylinder raises the derrick and fixes the lower end of the derrick to the base through the derrick locking device; (iii) The power head and the clamp cooperate to connect the drilling tool, and the lower end of the power head is connected to the drill bit, the formation density while drilling instrument, the formation resistivity while drilling instrument, the formation wave velocity while drilling instrument and the drill pipe; (iv) Starting the mud pump to deliver drilling fluid into the borehole, and the power head drives the drill tool to rotate and perform drilling operations; the high-frequency impact force generated by the vibrator can be transmitted to the drill bit at the bottom of the hole through the power head and drill pipe to perform impact drilling operations in the hole; (V) The formation density, formation resistivity and formation wave velocity data measured by the MWD instruments are stored in their respective MWD instruments. After the drilling is completed, the formation density, formation resistivity and formation wave velocity data are imported into the upper industrial control computer; (vi) Use a static penetration instrument to measure the bearing capacity, deformation modulus and pore water pressure of the formation, and import the data into the upper industrial computer; (VII) Use winches, pulleys and wire ropes to conduct dynamic probing, measure the bearing capacity of the stratum, and import the data into the upper industrial computer. In broken strata and gravel strata, in-hole impact drilling can be performed; (VIII) Use various sensors in the drilling parameter detection subsystem to detect drilling pressure, rotation speed, feed speed, footage, hole depth, torque, power, pump volume, and pump pressure, and import the data into the upper industrial computer; (IX) The upper industrial computer determines the type of formation based on data analysis such as drilling parameters and geophysical parameters of the formation, and controls and adjusts the drilling parameters of the drilling rig through the programmable logic controller, expansion module, and relay switch in the drilling rig control subsystem to achieve intelligent drilling; (10) After drilling is completed, remove the drilling tools and the MWD, and shut down the drilling rig.

[0007] The control room adopts an industrial control computer, which has stable performance and strong anti-interference ability, and is suitable for engineering geological surveys with harsh on-site conditions, changeable situations and many interference sources.

[0008] The drilling parameter detection subsystem is composed of various sensors and pressure transmitters, which collect the drilling rig working parameters in real time and transmit them to the upper industrial computer; the drilling rig control subsystem is composed of a programmable logic controller and its I / O expansion module, signal isolation and actuators, and the actuators are composed of a variable pump and a pilot proportional relief valve and a matching automatic control signal proportional amplifier.

[0009] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention applies artificial intelligence technology to the field of engineering geological survey. It is a multifunctional full-hydraulic intelligent drilling rig and intelligent drilling method with functions such as static pressure drilling, rotary drilling, top drive impact drilling, in-hole impact drilling, and measurement of drilling parameters and geophysical parameters while drilling. It can automatically identify formations and automatically adjust drilling parameters. It has the advantages of strong formation adaptability, low accident rate, high drilling efficiency, low drilling cost, and low labor intensity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1This is a front view of the intelligent drilling rig for engineering geological survey of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a plan layout diagram of the engineering geological survey intelligent drilling rig of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of the intelligent control system of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the geophysical parameter while drilling tool of the present invention.

[0011] In the figure: 1—clamp; 2—power head; 3—vibrator; 4—drilling tower support; 5—tower cylinder; 6—drilling tower locking device; 7—base; 8—outriggers and ground anchors; 9—column; 10—pulley; 11—wire rope; 12—drilling tower; 13—windlass; 14—mud pump; 15—static penetration instrument; 16—drilling tools; 17—control room; 18—operating table; 19—radiator; 20—oil tank; 21—power transmission device; 22—upper control machine; 23—drilling parameter detection subsystem; 24—drilling rig control subsystem; 25—drill bit; 26—formation density while drilling instrument; 27—formation resistivity while drilling instrument; 28—formation wave velocity while drilling instrument DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0013] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, an intelligent drilling rig for engineering geological survey of the present invention is composed of a clamp 1, a power head 2, a vibrator 3, a drilling tower support 4, a tower lifting cylinder 5, a drilling tower locking device 6, a base 7, a leg and a ground anchor 8, a column 9, a pulley 10, a wire rope 11, a drilling tower 12, a winch 13, a mud pump 14, a static penetration instrument 15, a drilling tool 16, a control room 17, an operating table 18, a radiator 19, an oil tank 20, and a power transmission device 21. The clamp 1 is fixed on the drilling tower and can clamp the drilling tool. The drilling tool can be unscrewed by cooperating with the power head 2; the power head 2 is connected with the vibrator 3 and can move up and down along the drilling tower to achieve lifting and lowering. The winch 13 and the pulley 10 are fixed on the drilling tower, and the drilling tools can be raised and lowered through the wire rope 11, which is used for impact drilling in the hole and dynamic probing of the formation; the two ends of the tower lifting cylinder 5 are respectively hinged on the base 7 and the drilling tower 12, which are used to stand up the drilling tower during drilling and to level the drilling tower when the drilling rig is moved; after the drilling tower is stood up, the drilling tower is locked on the base 7 with the drilling tower locking device 6, and the drilling rig is leveled and fixed to the ground with the legs and the anchor 8 to ensure safety during drilling; the column 9 is fixed on the base 7, and is used to support the drilling tower when the drilling tower is leveled; the mud pump 14 is fixed on the base 7 , used to deliver high-pressure drilling fluid into the hole; a static penetration instrument 15 is fixed on the base 7, and is used to measure the bearing capacity, deformation modulus and pore water pressure of the formation; a drilling tool 16 is located on the base 7, and the drilling tool 16 includes a drill bit 25, a formation density while drilling meter 26, a formation resistivity while drilling meter 27, and a formation wave velocity while drilling meter 28. The drill bit 25 is used to break the rock at the bottom of the hole, the formation density while drilling meter 26 is used to measure the formation density while drilling, the formation resistivity while drilling meter 27 is used to measure the formation resistivity while drilling, and the formation wave velocity while drilling meter 28 is used to measure the formation wave velocity while drilling; a control room 17 is fixed on the base 7, and the control room 17 is composed of a host control machine 22, a drilling parameter detection subsystem 23, and a drilling rig control subsystem 24. The host control machine 22 is used to store and analyze drilling parameters and geophysical parameters, the drilling parameter detection subsystem 23 is used to measure drilling parameters and geophysical parameters, and the drilling rig control subsystem 24 is used to control and adjust drilling parameters; the operating table 18 is fixed on the base 7 and is used for manual operation of the drilling rig; the radiator 19 is fixed on the base 7 and is used for forced heat dissipation of the hydraulic system; the oil tank 20 is fixed on the base 7 and is used to store hydraulic oil; the power transmission device 21 is fixed on the base 7 and can transmit the power of the front vehicle of the drilling rig to the drilling rig.

[0014] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the engineering geological survey intelligent drilling method of the present invention comprises the following steps: (i) Leveling and fixing the base 7 of the drilling rig through the outriggers and anchors 8; (ii) The tower cylinder 5 raises the drilling tower 12 and fixes the lower end of the drilling tower to the base 7 through the drilling tower locking device 6; (iii) The power head 2 cooperates with the holder 1 to connect the drilling tool, and the lower end of the power head is connected to the drill bit 25, the formation density while drilling instrument 26, the formation resistivity while drilling instrument 27, the formation wave velocity while drilling instrument 28 and the drill pipe; (iv) The mud pump 14 is started to deliver drilling fluid into the borehole, and the power head 2 drives the drill tool to rotate and perform drilling operations; the high-frequency impact force generated by the vibrator 3 can be transmitted to the drill bit 25 at the bottom of the hole through the power head 2 and the drill pipe to perform impact drilling operations in the hole; (V) The formation density, formation resistivity and formation wave velocity data measured by the MWD instruments are stored in the respective MWD instruments. After the drilling is completed, the formation density, formation resistivity and formation wave velocity data are imported into the upper industrial control computer 22; (vi) using a static penetration instrument 15 to measure the bearing capacity, deformation modulus and pore water pressure of the stratum, and importing the data into a host industrial control computer 22; (VII) Using the winch 13, pulley 10 and wire rope 11, dynamic penetration is performed to measure the bearing capacity of the stratum, and the data is imported into the upper industrial computer 22. In broken strata and gravel strata, in-hole impact drilling can be performed; (VIII) using various sensors in the drilling parameter detection subsystem 23 to detect drilling pressure, rotation speed, feed speed, footage, hole depth, torque, power, pump volume, and pump pressure, and importing the data into the upper industrial control computer 22; (IX) The upper industrial computer 22 determines the type of formation based on the data analysis of drilling parameters, geophysical parameters of the formation, etc., and controls and adjusts the drilling parameters of the drilling rig through the programmable logic controller, expansion module, and relay switch in the drilling rig control subsystem 23 to realize intelligent drilling; (10) After drilling is completed, the drilling tool 16 and the drilling measurement instrument are removed and the drilling rig power is turned off.

Claims

1. An intelligent drilling rig for engineering geological survey, characterized in that: The invention comprises a clamp (1), a power head (2), a vibrator (3), a drilling tower support (4), a tower lifting cylinder (5), a drilling tower locking device (6), a base (7), a support leg and a ground anchor (8), a column (9), a pulley (10), a wire rope (11), a drilling tower (12), a winch (13), a mud pump (14), a static penetration instrument (15), a drilling tool (16), a control room (17), an operating table (18), a radiator (19), an oil tank (20), and a power transmission device (21). The clamp (1) is fixed on the drilling tower and can clamp the drilling tool. The power head (2) cooperates with the detachable drilling tool; the power head (2) is connected with the vibrator (3); the winch (13) and the pulley (10) are fixed on the drilling tower, and the drilling tool can be raised and lowered by the wire rope (11); the two ends of the tower lifting cylinder (5) are respectively connected to the base (7) and the drilling tower (12); the drilling tower locking device (6) locks the drilling tower on the base (7), and the drilling rig is leveled and fixed to the ground with the legs and the anchor (8); the column (9) is fixed on the base (7); the mud pump (14) is fixed on the base (7); the static penetration instrument (15) is fixed on the base (7) The drilling tool (16) is located on the base (7), and the drilling tool (16) includes a drill bit (25), a formation density while drilling instrument (26), a formation resistivity while drilling instrument (27), and a formation wave velocity while drilling instrument (28). The drill bit (25) is used to break the rock at the bottom of the hole, the formation density while drilling instrument (26) is used to measure the formation density while drilling, the formation resistivity while drilling instrument (27) is used to measure the formation resistivity while drilling, and the formation wave velocity while drilling instrument (28) is used to measure the formation wave velocity while drilling; the control room (17) is fixed on the base (7), and the control room (17) consists of The drilling rig is composed of an upper control machine (22), a drilling parameter detection subsystem (23), and a drilling rig control subsystem (24). The upper control machine (22) is used to store, analyze, and process drilling parameters and geophysical parameters. The drilling parameter detection subsystem (23) is used to measure drilling parameters and geophysical parameters. The drilling rig control subsystem (24) is used to control and adjust drilling parameters. The operating table (18) is fixed on the base (7). The radiator (19) is fixed on the base (7). The oil tank (20) is fixed on the base (7). The power transmission device (21) is fixed on the base (7).

2. An intelligent drilling method for an engineering geological survey intelligent drilling rig, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (i) Leveling and fixing the base (7) of the drilling rig by means of outriggers and anchors (8); (ii) the tower lifting cylinder (5) raises the drilling tower (12) and fixes the lower end of the drilling tower to the base (7) through the drilling tower locking device (6); (iii) the power head (2) cooperates with the holder (1) to connect the drilling tool, and the lower end of the power head (2) is connected to the drill bit (25), the formation density while drilling instrument (26), the formation resistivity while drilling instrument (27), the formation wave velocity while drilling instrument (28) and the drill rod; (iv) starting the mud pump (14) to deliver drilling fluid into the borehole, and the power head (2) drives the drill tool to rotate and perform drilling operations; the high-frequency impact force generated by the vibrator (3) can be transmitted to the drill bit (25) at the bottom of the hole through the power head (2) and the drill pipe to perform impact drilling operations in the hole; (5) The formation density, formation resistivity and formation wave velocity data measured by the MWD instrument are stored in the respective MWD instruments. After the drilling is completed, the formation density, formation resistivity and formation wave velocity data are imported into the upper industrial control computer (22); (vi) using a static penetration instrument (15) to measure the bearing capacity, deformation modulus and pore water pressure of the stratum, and importing the data into a host industrial control computer (22); (VII) using a winch (13), a pulley (10) and a steel wire rope (11) to conduct dynamic probing to measure the bearing capacity of the stratum, and import the data into a host industrial control computer (22); in broken strata and gravel strata, in-hole impact drilling can be performed; (viii) using various sensors in the drilling parameter detection subsystem (23) to detect drilling pressure, rotation speed, feed speed, penetration, hole depth, torque, power, pump volume, and pump pressure, and importing the data into the upper industrial control computer (22); (IX) The upper industrial computer (22) determines the type of formation based on the drilling parameters and the geophysical parameter data of the formation, and controls and adjusts the drilling parameters of the drilling rig through the programmable logic controller, expansion module, and relay switch in the drilling rig control subsystem (23) to achieve intelligent drilling; (10) After drilling is completed, the drilling tool (16) and the drilling measurement instrument are removed and the drilling rig power is turned off.

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