Sucker rod elevator positioning and guiding device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of automation of sucker rod operations, and discloses a positioning and guiding device for a sucker rod elevator, which includes a guiding frame mechanism, an oil cylinder mechanism and a laser ranging mechanism; the guiding frame mechanism includes a short horizontal pipe, a long horizontal pipe, a left guiding pipe, a right guiding pipe, a left vertical pipe, a right vertical pipe, a left inclined pipe, a right inclined pipe, a left movable bushing, a right movable bushing, a fixed bushing, a movable ear seat, a bottom plate and a main fixing plate; the oil cylinder mechanism includes an oil cylinder and an oil cylinder bracket; the laser ranging mechanism uses a laser ranging sensor. By setting a reasonable guiding structure to guide the elevator in the left and right directions, the present invention has strong stability, can ensure the smooth completion of the handover between the elevator and the slip, and greatly improves the operation efficiency; the laser ranging and positioning function is successfully applied to the automation of sucker rod operations, and the height direction of the elevator is accurately positioned by laser ranging, fundamentally preventing the occurrence of impact accidents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of automation of sucker rod operations, and particularly to a positioning and guiding device for a sucker rod elevator. Background Art

[0002] Traditional operations of lifting and lowering sucker rods mainly rely on manual operation, which has a large labor intensity, low efficiency, and high safety risks. For example, during workover operations, workers need to repeatedly lift and carry the elevator and hook and unhook the sling, which is not only time-consuming and laborious but also prone to accidents due to improper operation.

[0003] With the continuous development of petroleum equipment technology, automated and intelligent devices have gradually been applied to the operations of lifting and lowering sucker rods, and some operations have been automated. However, there are still some technical problems to be solved during the operation process. On the one hand, the direction control of the elevator is not stable enough. When operating in strong winds, the elevator swings greatly, and the success rate of handover work is low, seriously affecting the operation efficiency. On the other hand, the height adjustment of the elevator is not accurate enough, and it cannot fundamentally prevent impact accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To effectively solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a positioning and guiding device for a sucker rod elevator, and its technical solution is as follows:

[0005] The positioning and guiding device for a sucker rod elevator includes a guiding frame mechanism, an oil cylinder mechanism, and a laser ranging mechanism; the guiding frame mechanism includes a short horizontal pipe, a long horizontal pipe, a left guiding pipe, a right guiding pipe, a left vertical pipe, a right vertical pipe, a left inclined pipe, a right inclined pipe, a left movable bushing, a right movable bushing, a fixed bushing, a movable ear seat, a bottom plate, and a main fixing plate. The short horizontal pipe and the long horizontal pipe are arranged parallel to each other front and back. The left guiding pipe and the right guiding pipe are respectively fixed on the upper sides of the left ends and the right ends of the short horizontal pipe and the long horizontal pipe. The upper ends of the left vertical pipe and the right vertical pipe are respectively fixed at the lower ends of the two ends of the short horizontal pipe. The upper ends of the left inclined pipe and the right inclined pipe are respectively fixed at the lower ends of the two ends of the long horizontal pipe. The lower ends of the left vertical pipe and the left inclined pipe converge at the left movable bushing, and the lower ends of the right vertical pipe and the right inclined pipe converge at the right movable bushing. The movable ear seat is fixed on the bottom plate, and both sides of the bottom plate are respectively fixed on the left vertical pipe and the right vertical pipe. The main fixing plate is fixed on the sucker rod jaw. The fixed bushing is located between the left movable bushing and the right movable bushing. The left movable bushing, the fixed bushing, and the right movable bushing are connected by a long pin shaft. The fixed bushing is fastened to the long pin shaft. The left movable bushing and the right movable bushing can rotate around the long pin shaft. The fixed bushing is fixed on the main fixing plate; the oil cylinder mechanism includes an oil cylinder and an oil cylinder bracket. The upper end of the oil cylinder piston rod is hinged to the movable ear seat through a short pin shaft. The lower part of the oil cylinder is fixed on the sucker rod jaw base through the oil cylinder bracket; the laser ranging mechanism is arranged near the device to measure and position the height of the sucker rod elevator.

[0006] Furthermore, a rod-end spherical plain bearing is installed at the upper end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder, and the rod-end spherical plain bearing and the movable ear seat are hinged by a short pin shaft.

[0007] Furthermore, the oil cylinder bracket includes an oil cylinder left bracket and an oil cylinder right bracket.

[0008] Furthermore, an oil cylinder trunnion seat is sleeved on the lower part of the oil cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the oil cylinder trunnion seats are respectively connected to the oil cylinder left bracket and the oil cylinder right bracket.

[0010] Furthermore, both the oil cylinder left bracket and the oil cylinder right bracket include a stay bar and a cross plate connected to one side of the bottom of the front end thereof.

[0011] Furthermore, the rear end of the stay bar is connected to the oil cylinder trunnion seat, and the cross plate is fixed on the sucker rod slip base.

[0012] Furthermore, the cross plate is fixed on the sucker rod slip base by bolts.

[0013] Furthermore, the short horizontal pipe, the long horizontal pipe, the left guide pipe, the right guide pipe, the left vertical pipe, the right vertical pipe, the left inclined pipe, the right inclined pipe, the left movable bushing, and the right movable bushing are integrally welded and formed, the fixed bushing is fixed on the main fixing plate by welding, and the main fixing plate is fixed on the sucker rod slip by welding.

[0014] Furthermore, the laser ranging mechanism adopts a laser ranging sensor.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention mainly has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] 1. By arranging a reasonable guiding structure to guide the elevating bowl in the left and right directions, the stability is strong, which can ensure the smooth completion of the handover between the elevating bowl and the slip, effectively solve the problem of low success rate of the handover work due to large swing of the elevating bowl during high-wind operation, and greatly improve the operation efficiency.

[0017] 2. The laser ranging and positioning function is successfully applied to the automation of sucker rod operation. By laser ranging, the height of the elevating bowl can be displayed in real time, which is convenient for the driller to control the speed and the final safe height when the elevating bowl descends, and the accurate positioning of the elevating bowl in the height direction fundamentally prevents the occurrence of impact accidents.

[0018] 3. In the non-working state, the upper guiding frame of the present invention rotates and moves downward, effectively preventing interference with other components.

[0019] 4. The structure is firm and the operation is simple. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure layout of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 For Figure 1 Side view structural schematic diagram;

[0022] Figure 3 Is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of integral welding and forming in the guide frame mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 Is the side view orientation schematic diagram when the present invention is in the working state;

[0024] Figure 5 Is the front view orientation schematic diagram when the present invention is in the working state;

[0025] Figure 6 Is the schematic diagram showing the safe distance of the elevator when the present invention is in the working state;

[0026] Figure 7 Is the side view orientation schematic diagram when the present invention is in the non-working state;

[0027] In the figure: 1 - sucker rod, 2 - sucker rod slip assembly, 3 - short horizontal pipe, 4 - right guide pipe, 5 - long horizontal pipe, 6 - right riser pipe, 7 - movable ear seat, 8 - left guide pipe, 9 - rod end spherical plain bearing, 10 - left inclined pipe, 11 - fixed bushing, 12 - left movable bushing, 13 - long pin shaft, 14 - main fixing plate, 15 - oil cylinder, 16 - right bracket of oil cylinder, 17 - left bracket of oil cylinder, 18 - sucker rod slip, 19 - sucker rod slip base, 20 - left riser pipe, 21 - bottom plate, 22 - piston rod of oil cylinder, 23 - ear seat of oil cylinder, 24 - tie bar, 25 - cross plate, 26 - right inclined pipe, 27 - right movable bushing, 28 - sucker rod elevator, 29 - guide frame mechanism, 30 - oil cylinder mechanism, 31 - laser distance measuring mechanism, 32 - short pin shaft, 33 - sucker rod hydraulic tongs. Specific embodiments

[0028] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Embodiment 1

[0029] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 And Figure 7。The positioning and guiding device for sucker rod elevator includes a guiding frame mechanism 29, an oil cylinder mechanism 30 and a laser ranging mechanism 31; the guiding frame mechanism 29 includes a short horizontal pipe 3, a long horizontal pipe 5, a left guiding pipe 8, a right guiding pipe 4, a left vertical pipe 20, a right vertical pipe 6, a left inclined pipe 10, a right inclined pipe 26, a left movable bushing 12, a right movable bushing 27, a fixed bushing 11, a movable ear seat 7, a bottom plate 21 and a main fixing plate 14. The short horizontal pipe 3 and the long horizontal pipe 5 are arranged parallel to each other front and back. The left guiding pipe 8 and the right guiding pipe 4 are respectively fixed on the upper sides of the left end and the right end of the short horizontal pipe 3 and the long horizontal pipe 5. The upper ends of the left vertical pipe 20 and the right vertical pipe 6 are respectively fixed under the two ends of the short horizontal pipe 3. The upper ends of the left inclined pipe 10 and the right inclined pipe 26 are respectively fixed under the two ends of the long horizontal pipe 5. The lower ends of the left vertical pipe 20 and the left inclined pipe 10 converge at the left movable bushing 12, and the lower ends of the right vertical pipe 6 and the right inclined pipe 26 converge at the right movable bushing 27. The movable ear seat 7 is fixed on the bottom plate 21. The two sides of the bottom plate 21 are respectively fixed on the left vertical pipe 20 and the right vertical pipe 6. The main fixing plate 14 is fixed on the sucker rod jaw 18. The fixed bushing 11 is located between the left movable bushing 12 and the right movable bushing 27. The left movable bushing 12, the fixed bushing 11 and the right movable bushing 27 are connected by a long pin shaft 13. The fixed bushing 11 is fastened to the long pin shaft 13. The left movable bushing 12 and the right movable bushing 27 can rotate around the long pin shaft 13. The fixed bushing 11 is fixed on the main fixing plate 14; the oil cylinder mechanism 30 includes an oil cylinder 15 and an oil cylinder bracket. The upper end of the oil cylinder piston rod 22 is hinged to the movable ear seat 7 through a short pin shaft. The lower part of the oil cylinder 15 is fixed on the sucker rod elevator base 19 through the oil cylinder bracket; the laser ranging mechanism 31 is arranged near the device to measure and position the height of the sucker rod elevator 28. Example 2

[0030] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 。On the basis of the technical solution described in Example 1, a rod end spherical plain bearing 9 is installed at the upper end of the oil cylinder piston rod 22. The rod end spherical plain bearing 9 and the movable ear seat 7 are hinged through a short pin shaft 32. A spherical plain bearing is a kind of spherical sliding bearing, which is made by a variety of special process treatment methods. It mainly includes an inner ring with an outer spherical surface and an outer ring with an inner spherical surface. It can rotate and swing at any angle during movement, and has advantages such as large load capacity, impact resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, self-aligning, good lubrication, etc. Example 3

[0031] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、Figure 6 and Figure 7 。For the sucker rod elevator positioning and guiding device, on the basis of the technical solution described in Embodiment 1, the oil cylinder bracket includes an oil cylinder left bracket 17 and an oil cylinder right bracket 16. An oil cylinder trunnion seat 23 is sleeved on the lower part of the oil cylinder 15, and the oil cylinder trunnion seat 23 is respectively connected to the oil cylinder left bracket 17 and the oil cylinder right bracket 16; both the oil cylinder left bracket 17 and the oil cylinder right bracket 16 include a stay bar 24 and a cross plate 25 connected to one side of the bottom of the front end thereof. The rear end of the stay bar 24 is connected to the oil cylinder trunnion seat 23, and the cross plate 25 is fixed to the sucker rod jaw base 19 by bolts. Through the design of the above structure, the fixing of the oil cylinder 15 is more reliable and the disassembly and assembly are more convenient. Embodiment 4

[0032] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 。For the sucker rod elevator positioning and guiding device, on the basis of the technical solution described in Embodiment 1, the short horizontal pipe 3, the long horizontal pipe 5, the left guiding pipe 8, the right guiding pipe 4, the left vertical pipe 20, the right vertical pipe 6, the left inclined pipe 10, the right inclined pipe 26, the left movable bushing 12, and the right movable bushing 27 are integrally welded and formed. The fixed bushing 11 is fixed to the main fixing plate 14 by welding, and the main fixing plate 14 is fixed to the sucker rod jaw by welding, greatly enhancing the overall strength of the structure. Embodiment 5

[0033] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 。For the sucker rod elevator positioning and guiding device, on the basis of the technical solution described in Embodiment 1, the laser ranging mechanism 31 adopts a laser ranging sensor. A laser ranging sensor is a device that uses laser technology for measurement. When working, it emits a very thin laser beam towards the target, and the laser beam reflected by the target is received by the optoelectronic element. The timer measures the time from the emission to the reception of the laser beam and calculates the distance from the observation point to the target. It has the advantages of fast response speed, high measurement accuracy, small volume, convenient installation and debugging, etc.

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the basic working principle of the present invention is briefly introduced as follows:

[0035] Assemble the device of the present invention according to the technical solution of the above embodiment. Driven by the hydraulic actuator cylinder 15, the short horizontal pipe 3, long horizontal pipe 5, left guide pipe 8, right guide pipe 4, left vertical pipe 20, right vertical pipe 6, left inclined pipe 10, right inclined pipe 26, left movable bushing 12 and right movable bushing 27 integrally welded and formed in the guide frame mechanism 29 can rotate around the long pin shaft 13. The laser ranging mechanism 31, i.e., the laser ranging sensor, can measure the distance between the sensor placement point and the rear box body of the sucker rod elevator 28 in real time. The sensor transmits the data to the driller control panel to facilitate the driller to control the height of the sucker rod elevator 28. Setting the safety distance as in Figure 6 can prevent the sucker rod elevator 28 from hitting the wellhead below when it falls. During the working state, as in Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the sucker rod elevator 28 falls into the space between the left guide pipe 8 and the right guide pipe 4. The two guide pipes gradually converge inward. When the sucker rod elevator 28 moves forward, it gradually converges towards the wellhead center, ensuring that the sucker rod jaw 18 can enter the inside of the opening of the sucker rod elevator 28 to complete the handover work. During the non-working state, as in Figure 7 shown, the short horizontal pipe 3, long horizontal pipe 5, left guide pipe 8, right guide pipe 4, left vertical pipe 20, right vertical pipe 6, left inclined pipe 10, right inclined pipe 26, left movable bushing 12 and right movable bushing 27 integrally welded and formed in the guide frame mechanism 29 rotate around the long pin shaft 13 to the lower position to prevent interference with other components.

Claims

1. A sucker rod elevator positioning and guiding device, characterized in that, It includes a guide frame mechanism, an oil cylinder mechanism and a laser ranging mechanism; the guide frame mechanism includes a short horizontal pipe, a long horizontal pipe, a left guide pipe, a right guide pipe, a left vertical pipe, a right vertical pipe, a left inclined pipe, a right inclined pipe, a left movable bushing, a right movable bushing, a fixed bushing, a movable ear seat, a bottom plate and a main fixing plate. The short horizontal pipe and the long horizontal pipe are arranged parallel to each other front and back. The left guide pipe is fixed to the upper side of the left ends of the short horizontal pipe and the long horizontal pipe, and the right guide pipe is fixed to the upper side of the right ends of the short horizontal pipe and the long horizontal pipe. The upper ends of the left vertical pipe and the right vertical pipe are respectively fixed to the lower sides of the two ends of the short horizontal pipe, and the upper ends of the left inclined pipe and the right inclined pipe are respectively fixed to the lower sides of the two ends of the long horizontal pipe. The lower ends of the left vertical pipe and the left inclined pipe converge at the left movable bushing, and the lower ends of the right vertical pipe and the right inclined pipe converge at the right movable bushing. The movable ear seat is fixed to the bottom plate, and the two sides of the bottom plate are respectively fixed to the left vertical pipe and the right vertical pipe. The main fixing plate is fixed to the sucker rod slip. The fixed bushing is located between the left movable bushing and the right movable bushing. The left movable bushing, the fixed bushing and the right movable bushing are connected by a long pin shaft. The fixed bushing is fastened to the long pin shaft, and the left movable bushing and the right movable bushing can rotate around the long pin shaft. The fixed bushing is fixed to the main fixing plate; the oil cylinder mechanism includes an oil cylinder and an oil cylinder bracket. The upper end of the oil cylinder piston rod is hinged to the movable ear seat by a short pin shaft, and the lower part of the oil cylinder is fixed to the sucker rod slip base through the oil cylinder bracket; the laser ranging mechanism is arranged near the device to measure and position the height of the sucker rod elevator. The oil cylinder bracket includes an oil cylinder left bracket and an oil cylinder right bracket; Both the oil cylinder left bracket and the oil cylinder right bracket include a stay bar and a cross plate connected to one side of the bottom of the front end thereof; The rear end of the stay bar is connected to the oil cylinder ear seat, and the cross plate is fixed to the sucker rod slip base; The cross plate is fixed to the sucker rod slip base by bolts; During the working state, the sucker rod elevator falls into the space between the left guide pipe and the right guide pipe. The two guide pipes gradually converge inward. When the sucker rod elevator moves forward, it gradually concentrates towards the wellhead center, ensuring that the sucker rod slip can enter the inside of the opening of the sucker rod elevator to complete the handover work; during the non-working state, the short horizontal pipe, the long horizontal pipe, the left guide pipe, the right guide pipe, the left vertical pipe, the right vertical pipe, the left inclined pipe, the right inclined pipe, the left movable bushing and the right movable bushing which are integrally formed in the guide frame mechanism rotate around the long pin shaft to the lower position to prevent interference with other components.

2. The sucker rod elevator positioning and guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rod end spherical plain bearing is installed at the upper end of the oil cylinder piston rod, and the rod end spherical plain bearing and the movable ear seat are hinged by a short pin shaft.

3. The sucker rod elevator positioning and guiding device according to claim 1, wherein, An oil cylinder ear seat is sleeved on the lower part of the oil cylinder.

4. The sucker rod elevator positioning and guiding device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The oil cylinder ear seat is respectively connected to the oil cylinder left bracket and the oil cylinder right bracket.

5. The sucker rod elevator positioning and guiding device according to claim 1, wherein The short horizontal pipe, the long horizontal pipe, the left guide pipe, the right guide pipe, the left vertical pipe, the right vertical pipe, the left inclined pipe, the right inclined pipe, the left movable bushing and the right movable bushing are integrally formed by welding. The fixed bushing is fixed to the main fixing plate by welding, and the main fixing plate is fixed to the sucker rod slip by welding.

6. The sucker rod elevator positioning and guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser ranging mechanism uses a laser ranging sensor.

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