Method and control device for operating an automated or automated switching gear of a motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a control device for operating an automatic or automated switching transmission of a motor vehicle, the switching transmission having at least one form-fitting switching element, the method comprising at least the following steps: in order to carry out a switching, the switching element is coupled to the switching element; an actuator of a respective form-fitting switching element to be closed for the switching to be carried out is moved in a defined closing actuation direction in order to close the switching element. The actuator of the switching element is then deactivated and the movement of the actuator is monitored, and if it is confirmed that the movement of the actuator of the switching element after the deactivation thereof in the opposite direction to the defined closing actuation direction is greater than a limit value, it is concluded that there is no jam on the switching element, if it is confirmed that the movement of the actuator of the switching element after the deactivation thereof in the opposite direction to the defined closing actuation direction is less than a limit value, it is concluded that there is a jam on the switching element, and at least one measure is then taken to release the jam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for operating an automatic or automated shifting transmission of a motor vehicle, the shifting transmission having at least one form-locking shifting element. The invention also relates to a control device for operating an automatic or automated shifting transmission. Background Art

[0002] The transmission of a motor vehicle converts the rotational speed and torque and thus supplies the traction force supply of the drive unit of the motor vehicle to the driven end. In order to change the transmission ratio of the transmission, a switch from the actual gear to the target gear and thus a gear shift can be implemented in the transmission. For this purpose, the transmission (i.e., the switching transmission) has a switching element, wherein the switching element can be implemented as a shape-locking switching element and can be implemented as a friction-locking switching element. Friction-locking switching elements are especially clutches and brakes. Shape-locking switching elements are especially claws. When switching and thus shifting are implemented in the switching transmission, at least one previously disconnected switching element is closed and at least one previously closed switching element is disconnected. In order to operate the respective switching elements, an actuator that cooperates with the switching element is used. The actuator can be a hydraulic actuator, a pneumatic actuator, and an electric actuator.

[0003] If a positive-locking switching element of a switching transmission is to be closed during the switching operation, the positive-locking switching element is actuated in a defined closing direction via an actuator displaced in a defined closing actuation direction. For this purpose, a switching force is required during the switching operation. At the end of the switching operation, the actuator is deactivated. The switching force is gradually eliminated. If a jamming occurs on the positive-locking switching element to be closed, a residual switching force will still remain. The residual switching force can cause wear and thus shorten the service life of the switching transmission.

[0004] DE 10 2020 213 075 B3 discloses a method for operating a form-locking switching element, which is in particular designed as an asynchronous claw. The form-locking switching element has a first clutch element and a second clutch element, wherein the first clutch element is displaced relative to the second clutch element in order to close the form-locking switching element. During the movement of the first clutch element, the switching stroke of the first clutch element is detected and at least one parameter is compared with a relevant limit value. If at least one parameter exceeds the relevant limit value before reaching a first stroke region in which the clutch position of the switching stroke is located, it is detected that the switching element is not completely closed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and a control device for operating an automatic or automated shifting transmission of a motor vehicle which allow avoiding increased wear of the shifting transmission caused by performing shifting of shifting elements which require the closing of a positive fit.

[0006] This object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and by a control device according to claim 9 .

[0007] The method according to the invention for operating an automatic or automated shifting transmission of a motor vehicle comprises at least the following steps:

[0008] To carry out a shift, the actuator of the respective form-locking shift element to be closed for the shift to be carried out is moved in a defined closing actuation direction in order to close the respective shift element to be closed for the shift to be carried out.

[0009] The actuator of the respective form-locking shift element which is to be closed for the shift to be carried out is then deactivated and the movement of the actuator is monitored.

[0010] If it is detected that the actuator of the respective form-locking shift element to be closed for the shift to be carried out has moved after its deactivation in the direction opposite to the defined closing actuation direction by more than a limiting value, it is concluded that there is no jamming at the respective form-locking shift element.

[0011] If it is detected that the movement of the actuator of the respective form-locking shifting element, which is to be closed for the shift to be carried out, in a direction opposite to the defined closing actuation direction after its deactivation is less than a limit value, it is inferred that there is a jamming on the respective form-locking shifting element, wherein at least one measure is then taken to remove the jamming.

[0012] The method according to the invention makes it possible to simply and reliably detect a jam on a positive-locking shift element and thus on a shifting gear of a motor vehicle, wherein measures are taken to remove the jam after the jam is detected. Residual shifting forces resulting from the jam can be eliminated, thereby reducing the wear on the shifting gear. Ultimately, the service life of the shifting gear can be increased.

[0013] Preferably, in order to release the jamming on the respective form-locking shifting element, the actuator is moved in a controlled or regulated manner in the direction opposite to the defined closing actuation direction in the direction of the target position. By driving the actuator so that it moves in the direction opposite to the defined closing actuation direction in the direction of the target position for releasing the jamming, the jamming can be released easily and safely not only in a controlled manner but also in a regulated manner. The target position for releasing the jamming is selected such that the so-called meshing depth on the form-locking shifting element does not decrease in an impermissible manner, i.e. the form-locking shifting element remains closed and can transmit torque.

[0014] Preferably, a timer is initialized, wherein the timer is started after deactivation of the respective actuator of the shape-locking switching element that needs to be closed for the switching to be implemented or at the time of the deactivation. During the first time period after the timer is started, the movement of the actuator is not monitored and / or the movement of the monitored actuator is not evaluated with respect to the jamming on the respective shape-locking switching element and / or no measures are taken to remove the jamming. During the second time period after the timer expires after the first time period, the movement of the actuator is monitored and the movement of the monitored actuator is evaluated with respect to the jamming on the respective shape-locking switching element, and if the jamming on the respective shape-locking switching element is identified, at least one measure is taken to remove the jamming. This is particularly preferred for identifying and removing the jamming on the shape-locking switching element of the switching transmission. During the first time period, the jamming that may be formed can be automatically released. Only after the first time period expires, it is carried out that if the jamming is identified during the second time period, the jamming is actively removed by taking at least one measure for removing the jamming.

[0015] Preferred developments emerge from the dependent claims and the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Without being limited thereto, the embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 A block diagram showing a drive train of a motor vehicle;

[0018] Figure 2 An exemplary schematic diagram showing a drive train of a motor vehicle;

[0019] Figure 3 Show Figure 2 details in the area of ​​a switching group with two positive-locking shift elements together with an actuator;

[0020] Figure 4 Shows the Figure 3The stroke diagram of the actuator;

[0021] Figure 5 A signal flow diagram is shown to further explain the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Figure 1 A block diagram of a drive train for a motor vehicle is shown. Figure 1 The drive train comprises a drive unit 1 and an automatic or automated switching transmission 2, which is connected between the drive unit 1 and the output 3. A clutch 5 is connected between the drive unit 1 and the automatic or automated switching transmission 2, which is also called a separation clutch or a starting clutch. When the separation clutch 5 is disconnected, the drive unit 1 is disconnected from the input shaft 6 of the transmission 2. The output 3 is coupled to the output shaft 8 of the automated switching transmission 2.

[0023] The shifting transmission 2 has a plurality of shifting elements which are not Figure 1 . Thus, the automated switching transmission 2 has a plurality of shape-locking switching elements. In the automated switching transmission 2, the switching is performed in a power interruption manner. The automated switching transmission 2 can have a plurality of friction-locking switching elements and at least one shape-locking switching element. In the automated switching transmission 2, the switching is typically performed in a power shift manner.

[0024] Figure 1 Also shown are a transmission control device 31 and an engine control device 32. The transmission control device 31 is used to control and / or regulate the operation of the shifting transmission 2. To this end, the transmission control device 31 exchanges data with the shifting transmission 2. The engine control device 32 controls and / or regulates the operation of the drive unit 1 and exchanges data with the drive unit 1 for this purpose. In addition, the transmission control device 31 and the engine control device 32 also exchange data with each other.

[0025] Figure 2 The drive train of a motor vehicle is shown with an exemplary embodiment of a shifting transmission 2 designed as an automated shifting transmission, wherein: Figure 2 The automated switching transmission 2 is implemented as a group transmission. It should be noted that Figure 2 The shifting transmission shown in is purely exemplary. The invention can also be used in conjunction with other shifting transmissions having at least one positive-locking shift element.

[0026] Figure 2The automated group transmission comprises a main transmission 9, a half-gear group 10 connected upstream of the main transmission 9 in terms of drive technology, and a double gear group 11 connected downstream of the main transmission 9 in terms of drive technology. The main transmission 9 is implemented as a direct gear transmission in the form of a countershaft structure and has two countershafts 21, 22. Figure 2 The transmission brake 4 acting on the countershaft 21 is shown. The countershaft 21 can be decelerated via the transmission brake 4. The main transmission 9 is constructed with three transmission ratios G1, G2 and G3 for forward travel and one transmission ratio R for reverse travel. The idler gears of the transmission ratios G1, G2 and R are respectively rotatably supported on the main shaft 30 and can be shifted via the associated form-locking shifting elements 15, 16, 18 and 19 formed as claws. The associated fixed gear is supported on the countershafts 21, 22 in a rotationally fixed manner. Two shifting elements 15, 16 and two shifting elements 18, 19 respectively form a shifting group 17 or 20. The shifting elements 15, 16 and the shifting elements 18, 19 of the shifting groups 17, 20 of the main transmission 9 of the sub-transmission are non-synchronous form-locking shifting elements.

[0027] exist Figure 2 In the embodiment, the semi-gear group 10 of the automated group transmission is constructed in two stages and is also implemented in the form of a countershaft structure, wherein the two transmission ratio levels K1 and K2 of the semi-gear group 10 form two switchable input fixed ratio transmission pairs of the main transmission 9. The two transmission ratio levels K1 and K2 have a small transmission ratio difference. The idler gear of the first transmission ratio level K1 is rotatably supported on the input shaft 6. The idler gear of the second transmission ratio level K2 is rotatably supported on the main shaft 30. The fixed gears of the two transmission ratio levels K1 and K2 of the semi-gear group 10 are respectively arranged with the extended countershafts 21 and 22 on the input side of the main transmission 9 in a rotationally fixed manner. The synchronously constructed shifting elements 12 and 13 (i.e., so-called synchronous shifting elements) of the semi-gear group 10 are combined into a common shifting group 14. The shifting elements 12 and 13 of the shifting group 14 of the semi-gear group 10 of the group transmission are synchronous form-locking shifting elements.

[0028] The multiple-speed gear group 11 of the automated group transmission, which is arranged downstream of the main transmission 9, is also constructed in two stages, but is constructed as a planetary transmission 24. The sun gear 25 of the planetary transmission 24 is connected to the main shaft 30 of the main transmission 9, which is extended on the output side, in a rotationally fixed manner. The planet carrier 27 of the planetary transmission 24 is coupled to the output shaft 8 of the group transmission in a rotationally fixed manner. The ring gear 26 of the planetary transmission 24 is connected to the switching group 23 having two asynchronous switching elements 28 and 29, through which the multiple-speed gear group 11 can be switched alternately to the slow driving level L by connecting the ring gear 26 to the fixed housing part 7 and to the fast driving level S by connecting the ring gear 26 to the planet carrier 27. Like the shift elements 15 , 16 and the shift elements 18 , 19 of the shift groups 17 , 20 of the main transmission 9 of the automated split-speed transmission, the shift elements 28 , 29 of the shift group 23 of the split-speed group 11 are also asynchronous, form-locking shift elements.

[0029] As mentioned earlier, Figure 2 The automated shifting transmission 2 shown in FIG. 1 is purely exemplary in nature. The invention can also be used in conjunction with other shifting transmissions having at least one positive-locking shift element.

[0030] Figure 3 Shows Figure 2 Detail of the shifting transmission 2 in the area of ​​the shifting group 17 including the positive-locking shifting elements 15, 16 together with the actuator 33. Figure 3 In the embodiment, the actuator 33 is designed as a pneumatic or hydraulic actuator, which has a piston 35 with a piston rod 36 that can be displaced in a cylinder 34. The switching assembly 17 with two positive-locking switching elements 15, 16 has a switching sleeve 39, which can be displaced by means of the actuator 33. Therefore, the actuator 33, that is, the piston rod 36, acts on the switching sleeve 39 via the switching fork 37 and the switching track 38. Depending on the position of the switching sleeve 39, one of the positive-locking switching elements 15, 16 can be closed. The actuator 33 is also present in the area of ​​the switching group 14, 20, 23 in order to operate the respective positive-locking switching element, that is, to open and / or close it. Other actuators, such as electric actuators, can also be used.

[0031] Figure 3 The switching group 17 is shown in a neutral position, in which neither the positive locking switching element 15 nor the positive locking switching element 16 is closed. Figure 3Starting from the neutral position of the switching group 17 shown in FIG. , the positive locking switching element 15 is closed, the actuator 33, i.e. the piston 35 with the piston rod 36, moves in a first defined closing actuation direction and thereby the switching sleeve 39 is displaced in the first defined closing direction. Figure 3 If the switching group 17 is in the neutral position, the two positive-locking switching elements 15, 16 are open. Only one of the two positive-locking switching elements 15, 16 of the switching group 17 can be closed at any time.

[0032] Combination Figure 3 The details described for the switching group 17 can also be used for the switching groups 14 , 20 and 23 , wherein, however, the form-locking shift elements 12 , 13 of the switching group 14 are synchronous form-locking shift elements.

[0033] It should be noted that the invention can also be used in a switching transmission with at least one form-locking shifting element, whose respective form-locking shifting element is not formed by a shifting group containing two form-locking shifting elements. In this case, too, in order to close the respective form-locking shifting element, the respective form-locking shifting element is actuated in a defined closing direction by means of an actuator which is displaced in a defined closing actuation direction corresponding to the defined closing direction.

[0034] Although Figure 3 A pneumatic or hydraulic actuator 33 is shown in FIG. 3 , but an electric actuator can also be used to actuate the form-locking shift element.

[0035] If the positive-locking shifting elements are closed by activating the corresponding actuator 33 and the actuator 33 is deactivated after the closing process and thus the shifting has been completed, in the case of shifting transmissions known from practice, a jam can occur at the respective positive-locking shifting element, as a result of which residual shifting forces remain, which can lead to wear of the shifting transmission 2. The present invention now relates to a method for operating an automatic or automated shifting transmission 2 of a motor vehicle, which has at least one positive-locking shifting element, by means of which wear caused by residual shifting forces can be avoided.

[0036] When performing a switching operation which requires closing of the form-locking shifting element, the actuator 33 of the respective form-locking shifting element is moved in a defined closing actuation direction in order to close the respective form-locking shifting element. Figure 3In the case of the positive locking switching element 15 of the switching group 17, the piston 35 of the actuator 33 moves to the left. Figure 3 If the form-locking shift element 16 of the middle shift group 17 is to be closed, the piston 35 of the actuator 33 is moved to the right.

[0037] Subsequently, in particular after the switching has been carried out, ie after the respective form-locking shifting element has been closed, the actuator 33 of the respective form-locking shifting element to be closed is deactivated, wherein the movement of the actuator 33 after its deactivation is monitored. Figure 3 In the embodiment, a sensor 40 is associated with the actuator 33 (ie, its piston rod 36), by means of which the movement of the piston rod 36 and thus the movement of the actuator 33 can be detected. The sensor 40 can be a displacement sensor.

[0038] If a movement of the actuator 33 after its deactivation in the direction opposite to the defined closing actuation direction is detected that is greater than a limiting value, it is concluded that no jamming is present at the respective form-locking shift element.

[0039] If, on the other hand, a movement of the actuator 33 after its deactivation in the direction opposite to the defined closing actuation direction is detected to be less than a limiting value, a jam is inferred at the respective form-locking shift element. At least one measure is then taken to remove the jam.

[0040] exist Figure 3 In the embodiment, if the form-locking switching element 15 is to be closed and the piston 35 of the actuator 33 is to be moved to the left in a defined closing actuation direction, the actuator 33 is deactivated after the switching is carried out, i.e. after the form-locking switching element 15 is closed, and the movement of the piston rod 36 in the direction opposite to the defined closing actuation direction, i.e. the movement to the right with respect to the closed switching element 15 is monitored. If this movement of the actuator 33 (i.e. its piston rod 36) in the direction opposite to the closing actuation direction after its deactivation is greater than a limit value, there is no jamming on the respective form-locking switching element. Conversely, if this movement of the actuator 33 (i.e. its piston rod 36) is less than a limit value, a jamming on the respective form-locking switching element is inferred. If a jamming on the respective form-locking switching element is inferred, measures are taken to release the jamming.

[0041] Figure 4 A travel diagram for the actuator 33 is shown, wherein the position S15 corresponds to the position of the piston 35 and the piston rod 36 of the actuator 33 when the switching element 15 is closed, and the position S16 corresponds to the position of the piston 35 or the piston rod 36 of the actuator 33 when the switching element 16 is closed. Figure 3The switching elements 15, 16 are both in the neutral position when they are open. If the switching element 15 is to be closed, the piston 35 or the piston rod 36 moves from the position N to the position S15 via the activated actuator 33. Conversely, if the switching element 16 is to be closed away from the neutral position, the piston 35 or the piston rod 36 of the actuator 33 moves from the position N to the position S16.

[0042] If position S15 is reached when the shift element 15 is closed or position S16 is reached when the shift element 16 is closed, ie a shift is carried out, the actuator 33 is deactivated and the movement of the piston 35 or piston rod 36 of the actuator 33 is monitored by means of the sensor 40 .

[0043] If the actuator 33 , ie the piston 35 or the piston rod 36 of the actuator 33 , moves after its deactivation in the direction opposite to the defined closing actuation direction by more than the respective limit value G15 or G16 , it is concluded that there is no jamming at the respective form-locking shift element.

[0044] Thus, if the measurement signal 41 detected by the sensor 40 and corresponding to the positioning of the actuator 33 is in the range between the limit values ​​G15 and G16, there is no jamming at the switching component 17. Conversely, if the measurement signal 41 is in the range between the switching position S15 and the limit value G15, there is a jamming of the switching element 15. If the measurement signal 41 of the sensor 40 is between the limit value G16 and the switching position S16, there is a jamming of the switching element 16.

[0045] In order to release the detected jamming on the respective form-locking shifting element, the actuator 33 is moved in a controlled or regulated manner in the direction opposite to the closing actuation direction associated with closing the respective shifting element in the direction of the target position. Figure 4 Both target positions Z15 and Z16 are shown for the shift element 15 , and in the direction of which the respective shift element 15 , 16 is moved in a controlled or regulated manner via the actuator 33 if a jam is detected at the respective shift element 15 , 16 .

[0046] The respective target position Z15 , Z16 is selected in this case such that the meshing depth at the respective form-locking shift element 15 , 16 does not decrease inadmissibly, ie the respective form-locking shift element remains closed and can reliably transmit torque.

[0047] The respective limit value, from which a jamming on the respective form-locking shifting element is inferred, and the respective target position, in the direction of which the actuator of the respective form-locking shifting element is moved in a controlled or regulated manner to release the detected jamming, can be gear-dependent and / or temperature-dependent. Thus, the limit value and the target position can be dependent on the target gear and / or the actual gear of the shift to be carried out and on the temperature of the shifting transmission.

[0048] The following will refer to Figure 5 The signal flow diagrams of FIG. 1 describe further details of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 5 Block 42 of the signal flow diagram of shows the start of the method according to the invention for operating an automatic or automated shifting transmission of a motor vehicle. After the start in block 42, a timer is initialized in block 43. After the timer is initialized in block 43, a check is made in block 44 whether a shift has been made in the shifting transmission by closing the positive-locking shifting element and whether a gear has been engaged as a result.

[0050] If such a shift has not been carried out in the shifting transmission, i.e., no gear has therefore been engaged, then a branch is made from block 44 to block 45 and a corresponding status flag is set. If it is confirmed in block 44 that a shift has been carried out in the shifting transmission and a gear has therefore been engaged, a timer is started and a branch is made from block 44 to block 46, wherein a check is made in block 46 as to whether the status flag has been set. If not, then a branch is made from block 46 back to block 43. If, on the other hand, it is confirmed in block 46 that the status flag has been set, then a branch is made from block 46 to block 47.

[0051] In block 47, for Figure 3 The switching group 17 shown in FIG. 1 , which consists of two positively locking switching elements 15 , 16 , checks whether the switching element 15 or the switching element 16 is closed for switching.

[0052] If it is confirmed in block 47 that the form-locking switching element 15 is closed for switching, then a branch is made from block 47 to block 48, wherein in block 48 the target position Z15 is also determined based on the closing position S15 and the limit value G15 stored on the control side and the offset stored on the control side.

[0053] If, however, it is confirmed in block 47 that the form-locking shifting element 16 is closed for the shifting, the path branches from block 47 to block 49, wherein the target position Z16 is determined in block 49 as a function of the closing position S16, the limit value G16 stored on the control side and the correspondingly stored offset. As already mentioned, the determination of the target position can be dependent on the temperature of the shifting drive.

[0054] From block 48 and from block 49, respectively, a branch is made to block 50, wherein in block 50 it is checked whether a first time period has expired for the timer after the timer has been initialized and after the timer has been started. If this first time period has not yet expired, the movement of the actuator 33 is not monitored and / or the monitored movement of the actuator 33 is not evaluated with respect to a jamming at the respective form-locking switching element and / or a detected jamming is not relieved. If it is determined in block 50 that the first time period has not yet expired, a branch is made from block 50 to block 51, wherein in block 51 the state of the timer is merely increased by one time increment.

[0055] If, on the other hand, it is determined in block 50 that the first time period has expired, then the process branches from block 50 to block 52. As described above, a check is made in block 52 whether a jamming occurs at the respective form-locking shifting element, wherein a check is also made in block 52 whether a second time period has expired after the expiration of the first time period. If it is determined in block 52 that there is no jamming at the respective form-locking shifting element or that the second time period has expired, then the process returns from block 52 to block 43.

[0056] If, however, it is determined in block 52 that, on the one hand, a jamming occurs at the respective form-locking shift element and, on the other hand, the second time period has not yet expired, branching is effected from block 52 to block 53 .

[0057] In block 53, on the one hand, the count state of the timer is increased by a time increment, and on the other hand, the state flag is reset. Subsequently, in block 54, measures are taken to release the identified blocking on the respective form-locking switching element. Then, the block 54 is branched back to block 52.

[0058] As described above, the blocking of the form-locking switching elements can be released either in a controlled manner or in a regulated manner by moving the actuator 33 in the direction of the respective target position in a direction opposite to the closing actuation direction defined for closing the respective form-locking switching element. In the case of control, the respective actuator of the respective form-locking switching element is moved in the direction of the target position depending on the respective target position, without checking whether the target position has been reached. In the case of regulation, the set actual position is compared with the target position and the movement of the actuator 33 is influenced depending on whether the actual position deviates from the target position and to what extent.

[0059] In both the control and regulation cases, the movement of the actuator 33 of the respective form-locking shifting element in the direction of the target position to release the jam is carried out in such a way that the engagement depth on the respective form-locking shifting element does not decrease inadmissibly, so that the respective form-locking shifting element remains closed and can reliably transmit torque.

[0060] If, while the method is being carried out, a target gear is to be changed or a gear loss occurs and / or a malfunction of the respective actuator 33 is detected, the method is interrupted.

[0061] The invention also relates to a control device which is set up to automatically carry out the above method. The control device which is set up to carry out the method according to the invention is preferably a switching transmission control device 31 which is preferably designed as an electronic switching transmission control device 31 .

[0062] This electronic switching transmission control device 31 has hardware-side mechanisms and software-side mechanisms to execute the method according to the invention. The hardware-side mechanisms include data interfaces for exchanging data with components involved in implementing the method according to the invention, such as sensors 40 and actuators 33. In addition, the hardware-side mechanisms also include a processor for data processing and a memory for data storage. The software-side mechanisms include program modules implemented in the control device for executing the method according to the invention.

[0063] In order to implement the switching, the control device drives the actuator 33 of the respective form-locking switching element involved in the switching and required to be closed for the switching to move in a defined closing actuation direction, so as to close the respective form-locking switching element in a defined manner. Subsequently, in particular after the switching is implemented, the control device deactivates the respective actuator and monitors the movement of the actuator. If the control device determines that the movement of the actuator in the direction opposite to the defined closing actuation direction after its deactivation is greater than a limit value, the control device infers that there is no jamming. On the contrary, if the control device determines that the movement of the actuator in the direction opposite to the defined closing actuation direction after its deactivation is less than a limit value, the control device infers that there is jamming on the respective form-locking switching element and drives the actuator 33 of the respective form-locking switching element to release the jamming.

[0064] The invention allows to detect and remove a jam after the positive-locking switching element is closed. It is thus possible to eliminate residual switching forces and counteract wear caused by residual switching forces. Ultimately, the service life of an automatic or automated switching transmission can be increased.

[0065] Reference numerals list

[0066] 1 Drive unit

[0067] 2 Group transmission

[0068] 3 Driven end

[0069] 4 Transmission brake

[0070] 5 Clutch

[0071] 6 Input shaft

[0072] 7 Shell part

[0073] 8 Output shaft

[0074] 9 Main transmission

[0075] 10 Half-block group

[0076] 11 times block group

[0077] 12 Synchronous switching elements

[0078] 13 Synchronous switching components

[0079] 14 Switch Group

[0080] 15 Switching elements

[0081] 16 Switching elements

[0082] 17 Switching elements

[0083] 18 Switching elements

[0084] 19 Switching elements

[0085] 20 Switch Group

[0086] 21 Countershaft

[0087] 22 Countershaft

[0088] 23 Switch Group

[0089] 24 Planetary gear

[0090] 25 Sun gear

[0091] 26 Ring gear

[0092] 27 Planet carrier

[0093] 28 Switching elements

[0094] 29 Switching elements

[0095] 30 Spindle

[0096] 31 Transmission control equipment

[0097] 32 Engine control equipment

[0098] 33 Actuator

[0099] 34 cylinders

[0100] 35 Piston

[0101] 36 Piston rod

[0102] 37 Switch fork

[0103] 38 Switching rails

[0104] 39 Moving sleeve

[0105] 40 Sensors

[0106] 41 Measurement signal

[0107] 42 pieces

[0108] 43 pieces

[0109] 44 pieces

[0110] 45 pieces

[0111] 46 pieces

[0112] 47 pieces

[0113] 48 pieces

[0114] 49 pieces

[0115] 50 yuan

[0116] 51 blocks

[0117] 52 blocks

[0118] 53 pieces

[0119] 54 pieces

Claims

1. A method for operating an automatic or automated shifting transmission (2) of a motor vehicle, the shifting transmission having at least one form-locking shifting element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29), the method comprising at least the following steps: In order to implement the switching, the actuator (33) of the respective form-locking switching element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29) to be closed for the switching to be implemented is moved in a defined closing actuation direction in order to close the respective form-locking switching element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29) to be closed for the switching to be implemented, Subsequently, the actuator (33) of the respective positive-locking shifting element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29) which is to be closed for the shifting to be carried out is deactivated and the movement of the actuator (33) is monitored, If it is determined that the actuator (33) of the respective form-locking shifting element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29) to be closed for the switching to be carried out moves in a direction opposite to the defined closing actuation direction by more than a limit value after its deactivation, it is concluded that there is no jamming on the respective form-locking shifting element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29), If it is determined that the actuator (33) of the respective switching element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29) to be closed for the switching to be performed moves less than the limit value in the direction opposite to the defined closing actuation direction after its deactivation, it is inferred that there is a jam on the respective positive-locking switching element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29), wherein at least one measure is then taken to release the jam.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limit value depends on the target gear and / or the actual gear of the shift to be carried out.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The limit value is temperature dependent.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that In order to release the jamming on the respective form-locking shifting element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29), the actuator (33) is moved in a controlled or regulated manner in the direction opposite to the defined closing actuation direction in the direction of a target position.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The target position is dependent on the target gear and / or the actual gear of the shift to be carried out.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The targeting is temperature dependent.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that After deactivation of the respective actuator (33) of the form-locking shifting element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29) to be closed for the switching to be carried out or when deactivation of the respective actuator of the form-locking shifting element to be closed for the switching to be carried out, a timer is started, During a first time period that has elapsed after the timer has been started, the movement of the actuator (33) is not monitored and / or the monitored movement of the actuator (33) is not evaluated with respect to a jam on the respective form-locking switching element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29) and / or no measures are taken to relieve the jam, During a second time period which elapses after the timer expires on the first time period, the movement of the actuator (33) is monitored and the monitored movement of the actuator (33) is evaluated with respect to a jam on the respective form-locking switching element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29), and if a jam on the respective form-locking switching element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29) is detected, at least one measure is taken to release the jam.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The method is interrupted when the target gear changes and / or when a gear is lost and / or when an actuator (33) of the respective positive-locking shifting element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29) involved in the shifting fails.

9. A control device (31) for operating an automatic or automated shifting transmission (2) of a motor vehicle, in, In order to implement the switching, the control device (31) drives the actuator (33) of the respective positive-locking switching element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29) to be closed for the switching to be implemented to move in a defined closing actuation direction in order to close the respective positive-locking switching element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29), Therein, the control device (31) subsequently actuates the actuator (33) of the respective form-locking switching element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29) to deactivate and monitors the movement of the actuator (33), Wherein, if the control device (31) detects that the actuator (33) of the respective form-locking switching element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29) to be closed for the switching to be carried out has moved in a direction opposite to the defined closing actuation direction by more than a limit value after its deactivation, the control device (31) infers that there is no jamming on the respective form-locking switching element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29), If the control device (31) detects that the movement of the actuator (33) of the respective switching element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29) to be closed for the switching to be performed is less than the limit value after its deactivation in the direction opposite to the defined closing actuation direction, the control device (31) infers that there is a jam on the respective positively locked switching element (12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29), wherein the control device (31) then controls the actuator (33) to release the jam.

10. The control device (31) according to claim 9, characterized in that The control device is set up to automatically carry out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 .

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