Non-disturbance original column sampling device for bottom mud

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sampling devices, in particular to a bottom mud non-disturbance original column sampling device which comprises a sampling platform ship, an air compressor, an air pipe collector and a traction hoisting mechanism are arranged on the sampling platform ship, and the traction hoisting mechanism is connected with a sampling assembly through a hoisting traction connecting rod. The sampling assembly is connected with the gas pipe collector through a gas supply pipeline, and a depth displacement sensor is further arranged on the sampling assembly; according to the pulse pneumatic jet type reverse thrust power device, pulse compressed airflow is generated by the air compressor to form pulse pneumatic jet reverse thrust power, downward direct-push drilling power is provided for the sampling pipe, the sampling pipe is quickly inserted into a deposition layer and is filled with the deposition layer, and a suspended humus layer and lower-layer bottom mud are effectively locked; and high-efficiency and non-disturbance accurate underwater sampling is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sampling devices, and in particular to a sediment non-disturbance original column sampling device. Background Art

[0002] Sedimentary sediment mainly refers to the suspended humus sludge and lower sediment from the mud-water interface. It has the characteristics of high water content, high fluidity and low density. It is easily affected by disturbances during sampling, causing diffusion and leakage, which makes underwater sampling difficult. Therefore, obtaining accurate and reasonable sediment samples, especially the non-disturbance original column sampling of the suspended humus layer and the lower sediment, is the key difficulty and focus of this work.

[0003] At present, conventional sediment sampling methods and devices mainly include sampling with grab buckets, engineering survey drilling rigs, high-frequency vibration samplers, etc. Grab bucket sampling is mainly suitable for sampling in shallow areas, and the depth is generally not more than 3m. It mainly digs out some surface silt with large density and particles. The sampling is relatively rough and the disturbance is large. It is impossible to obtain the suspended humus silt on the surface. At the same time, the ability to dig deeper sedimentary sediment is limited. The engineering survey drilling rig mainly uses rotary drilling to dig columnar sedimentary layer mud samples, which can achieve deeper sampling; however, it is difficult to obtain accurate original humus layer sediment due to large disturbance, and the sealing is not good enough. There is obvious mud leakage during the sampling process, which directly affects the sampling quality. At the same time, the engineering drilling rig is relatively bulky and requires a sampling ship with a large draft capacity to carry it. The sampling cost is high and the efficiency is low.

[0004] With the development of underwater sampling technology, some high-frequency vibration samplers have also appeared, such as patents 202320844098.3 and 202322088528.6. They often rely on high-frequency vibration motors and pressure rods to drive the sampling tube into the mud layer for sampling, but due to structural and precision limitations, the sampling depth does not exceed 10m. For example, patent application No. 201510212156.0 designed a linear resonance subglacial seabed sediment sampler. Although a resonant vibrator is used, the vibrator is a reciprocating motion, lacks a limit in the upward direction, and is difficult to drill accurately. At the same time, high-frequency vibration is easy to produce high-energy cavitation in the surrounding water, which wastes energy and causes greater disturbance. The structure is complex and the sealing requirements are high, which cannot meet the precise sampling of suspended humic sludge. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a sediment non-disturbance original column sampling device.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A sediment non-disturbance column sampling device comprises a sampling platform ship, on which an air compressor, an air pipe collector and a traction winch mechanism are arranged, the traction winch mechanism is connected to a sampling assembly via a hoisting traction connecting rod, the sampling assembly is connected to the air pipe collector via an air supply pipeline, and a depth displacement sensor is also arranged on the sampling assembly;

[0008] The sampling assembly comprises a sampling tube, the upper end of which is sleeved with a one-way sealing coupler, and the one-way sealing coupler is fixedly connected to the sampling tube via a limit locking nut, one end of the one-way sealing coupler away from the sampling tube is connected to a reverse thrust device via a connecting rod assembly, a connecting sleeve is further provided between the one-way sealing coupler and the reverse thrust device, a lifting ear and a one-way air pipe joint are further provided on the top of the reverse thrust device, the lifting ear is connected to the lifting traction connecting rod, and the one-way air pipe joint is connected to the air supply pipeline;

[0009] The sampling tube is divided into a sampling chamber and a non-return chamber by a breathable baffle, a non-return piston assembly is movably arranged on the breathable baffle, and a limiting sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the sampling chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the reverse thrust device includes a pulse pneumatic jet cavity, the bottom of which is fixed with a lower blocking plate by an internal hexagonal locking screw, the side wall of the pulse pneumatic jet cavity is provided with a connecting rod through hole that cooperates with the connecting rod assembly, the middle part of the pulse pneumatic jet cavity is an air compression chamber, and a plurality of jet channels are provided around the air compression chamber, and the jet channels are, from the inside to the outside, a gas compression energy focusing zone, an exhaust channel and a jet outlet.

[0011] Furthermore, the one-way sealing connector includes an upper locking sleeve and a lower locking sleeve which are sleeved on the sampling tube. The upper locking sleeve and the lower locking sleeve are fixedly connected by a locking screw assembly. An upper sealing sleeve is arranged in the upper locking sleeve, a lower sealing sleeve is arranged in the lower locking sleeve, a locking seal is arranged in the bottom of the lower locking sleeve, the lower locking sleeve is fixedly connected to the sampling tube by a sampling locking screw, and a flexible one-way valve assembly is also arranged at the top of the upper locking sleeve.

[0012] Furthermore, the flexible one-way valve assembly includes a flexible one-way valve body located in an upper locking sleeve, a one-way valve sleeve is arranged in the sampling tube, the bottom end of the flexible one-way valve body is movably connected to the one-way valve sleeve, a stopper is also fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the flexible one-way valve body, and a compression spring is arranged between the stopper and the one-way valve sleeve and is sleeved on the flexible one-way valve body.

[0013] Furthermore, the position-limiting ferrule comprises a ferrule connecting cylinder located at the bottom of the sampling tube, a plurality of openings are provided in the middle of the ferrule connecting cylinder, and the ferrule connecting cylinder is connected to the inner wall of the sampling tube via a retaining spring.

[0014] Furthermore, the anti-return piston assembly includes a movable rod slidably connected to the air-permeable baffle, a piston plate is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the movable rod, a top plate is fixedly provided at the top end of the movable rod, and a limiting assembly for limiting the top plate is also provided in the anti-return chamber.

[0015] Furthermore, the limit assembly includes two movable platforms slidingly connected to the anti-reverse bin, and a plurality of anti-reverse flip plates are distributed in an array inside the movable platforms. The anti-reverse flip plates are rotatably connected to the anti-reverse bin through a fixed rotating shaft, and a torsion spring is sleeved on the fixed rotating shaft. A limit slider is provided on the side wall of the anti-reverse flip plate, and a movable groove matching the limit slider is opened on the inner wall of the anti-reverse bin.

[0016] Furthermore, an electric telescopic part is also provided in the anti-reverse warehouse, and a clamping plate is provided at the movable end of the electric telescopic part, and the clamping plate is clamped on the top plate.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1) The present invention is not limited by depth and can realize deep-water water sampling; mainly by designing and hoisting the sampling platform ship on the water, the sampling device is dropped to the deep water bottom, and the bottom sediment layer of the deep water can be sampled, and the sampling depth can exceed 50m;

[0019] (2) The pulsed pneumatic jet reverse thrust device used in the present invention relies on an air compressor to generate a pulsed compressed airflow to form a pulsed pneumatic jet reverse thrust, providing downward direct drilling power for the sampling tube. It has no mechanical rotating connection and electromechanical starting equipment components, and has a simple structure and a low failure rate.

[0020] (3) The present invention emits a pulsed pneumatic jet toward the water surface, thereby forming a powerful pulsed reverse thrust, which helps the sampling tube to move downward smoothly, thereby enabling the sampling of sedimentary mud with a relatively high density. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling assembly of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the anti-thrust force device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a one-way sealing coupling of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the limiting clamp sleeve of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sampling tube of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the limiting component of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1, sampling assembly; 101, reverse thrust device; 1011, pulse pneumatic jet cavity; 1012, lower plugging plate; 1013, hexagon socket locking screw; 1014, connecting rod through hole; 1015, jet outlet; 1016, air compression chamber; 1017, gas compression energy gathering area; 1018, exhaust channel; 102, one-way sealing connector; 1020, locking screw assembly; 1021, upper locking ferrule; 1022, lower locking ferrule; 1023, lower sealing sleeve; 1024, upper sealing sleeve; 1025, locking seal; 1026, flexible one-way valve body; 1027, one-way valve ferrule; 1028, compression spring; 1029, stopper; 1030, sampling locking screw; 103 , sampling tube; 104, limit ferrule; 1041, retaining spring; 1042, ferrule connecting cylinder; 105, connecting sleeve; 106, connecting rod assembly; 107, lifting ear; 108, one-way air pipe joint; 109, limit locking nut; 110, breathable baffle; 111, piston plate; 112, movable rod; 113, top plate; 114, limit assembly; 1141, movable table; 1142, non-reverse turning plate; 1143, fixed rotating shaft; 1144, torsion spring; 1145, limit slider; 115, electric telescopic part; 116, splint; 2, lifting traction connecting rod; 3, traction winch mechanism; 4, sampling platform ship; 5, air supply pipeline; 6, air pipe collector; 7, air compressor; 8, depth displacement sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0032] Reference Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, a sediment non-disturbance original column sampling assembly is mainly used for sampling sediment in deep-water lakes and reservoirs, including a sampling platform ship 4, on which an air compressor 7, an air pipe collector 6 and a traction winch mechanism 3 are arranged, and the traction winch mechanism 3 is connected to a sampling assembly 1 through a hoisting traction connecting rod 2, and the sampling assembly 1 is connected to the air pipe collector 6 through an air supply pipeline 5, and a depth displacement sensor 8 is also arranged on the sampling assembly 1;

[0033] The sampling assembly 1 includes a sampling tube 103, which is a transparent plastic tube such as PP. The upper end of the sampling tube 103 is sleeved with a one-way sealing connector 102, and the one-way sealing connector 102 is fixedly connected to the sampling tube 103 through a limiting locking nut 109. The end of the one-way sealing connector 102 away from the sampling tube 103 is connected to the anti-thrust device 101 through a connecting rod assembly 106. A connecting sleeve 105 is also provided between the one-way sealing connector 102 and the anti-thrust device 101. A lifting ear 107 and a one-way air pipe joint 108 are also provided on the top of the anti-thrust device 101. The lifting ear 107 is connected to the lifting traction connecting rod 2, and the one-way air pipe joint 108 is connected to the air supply pipeline 5.

[0034] The sampling tube 103 is divided into a sampling chamber and a non-return chamber by a breathable baffle 110 . A non-return piston assembly is movably provided on the breathable baffle 110 . A limiting sleeve 104 is provided at the bottom of the sampling chamber.

[0035] A traction winch mechanism 3 and an air pipe collector 6 are arranged on the sampling platform ship 4; components such as an air compressor 7 are arranged; wherein the traction winch mechanism 3 is connected to the lifting lug 107 through the lifting traction connecting rod 2, and the sampling assembly 1 is lifted and lowered;

[0036] The air supply pipeline 5 provided by the air pipe collector 6 is connected to the one-way air pipe joint 108, and the air compressor 7 provides pulse compressed airflow; at the same time, the depth displacement sensor 8 is fixed on the upper end of the sampling component 1 to sense the precise positioning of water depth and displacement, and transmit it wirelessly to the control system on the water surface in real time. Taking into account the practical feasibility, in order to reduce the overall weight of the equipment and the lightness and portability, a single set of air pipes can be designed as a group of 50m, and if there is an increase, it can be connected in series through quick-change connectors.

[0037] When the sampling assembly 1 sinks to the bottom of the water, the pulse pneumatic jet reaction thrust device 101 relies on the air compressor 7 to provide a pulse compressed airflow to further form a high-speed pulse pneumatic jet that is ejected toward the water surface, forming a powerful reaction thrust, providing downward direct drilling power for the sampling tube 103, and quickly inserting into the sediment layer to fill the sampling tube 103, effectively locking the suspended humus layer and the lower bottom mud, and realizing efficient and non-disturbance accurate underwater sampling.

[0038] The anti-thrust device 101 is fixedly connected to the one-way sealing coupler 102 through the connecting rod assembly 106, and the connecting sleeve 105 is used as an intermediate support and limiting component to directly limit a certain distance between the two; the lower end of the one-way sealing coupler 102 is connected to the limiting locking nut 109 through a tapered thread; the sampling tube 103 is inserted into the one-way sealing coupler 102 and locked by the limiting locking nut 109, and a limiting hole is provided at the same time. When the previous step is completed, the sampling locking screw 1030 is tightened to support the outer wall of the sampling tube 103 to prevent it from falling off; the upper end of the anti-thrust device 101 is connected to the one-way air pipe joint 108 and the lifting ear 107 respectively through threaded connection;

[0039] The limiting sleeve 104 is fixed to the lower end of the sampling tube 103 through a threaded connection, which can effectively prevent the mud sample from falling off.

[0040] In one embodiment, the reverse thrust device 101 includes a pulse pneumatic jet cavity 1011, the bottom of which is fixedly mounted with a lower blocking plate 1012 by means of an internal hexagonal locking screw 1013, the side wall of the pulse pneumatic jet cavity 1011 is provided with a connecting rod through hole 1014 which cooperates with the connecting rod assembly 106, an air compression chamber 1016 is provided in the middle of the pulse pneumatic jet cavity 1011, and three jet channels are provided, which are, from the inside to the outside, a gas compression energy focusing zone 1017, an exhaust channel 1018 and a jet outlet 1015.

[0041] The jet channels are evenly distributed at an angle of 90 degrees, and the jet channel axis and the central axis have a small acute angle A to ensure that the airflow is discharged from the jet outlet 1015 obliquely upward at high speed;

[0042] The gas compression energy-gathering area 1017 is designed as a trumpet mouth with an angle of B, which can quickly compress and gather the pulse compressed air distributed by the air compression chamber 1016, so that the gas flow rate increases rapidly, and then it is injected into the water body at high speed through the exhaust channel 1018 and the jet outlet 1015, forming a strong reverse thrust, providing downward direct drilling power for the sampling tube 103; the air source is designed as a pulse compressed airflow, and the pulse frequency is consistent with the frequency of the electromagnetic pulse valve of the air compressor 7, providing a pulse pneumatic jet to be ejected toward the water surface, forming a strong pulse reverse thrust, which helps the sampling tube 103 to be smoothly pushed downward.

[0043] In one embodiment, the one-way sealing connector 102 includes an upper locking sleeve 1021 and a lower locking sleeve 1022 which are sleeved on the sampling tube 103. The upper locking sleeve 1021 and the lower locking sleeve 1022 are fixedly connected via a locking screw assembly 1020. An upper sealing sleeve 1024 is provided in the upper locking sleeve 1021, a lower sealing sleeve 1023 is provided in the lower locking sleeve 1022, a locking seal 1025 is provided at the bottom of the lower locking sleeve 1022, the lower locking sleeve 1022 is fixedly connected to the sampling tube 103 via a sampling locking screw 1030, and a flexible one-way valve assembly is also provided at the top of the upper locking sleeve 1021.

[0044] In one embodiment, the flexible one-way valve assembly includes a flexible one-way valve body 1026 located in the upper locking sleeve 1021, a one-way valve sleeve 1027 is arranged in the sampling tube 103, the bottom end of the flexible one-way valve body 1026 is movably connected to the one-way valve sleeve 1027, a stopper 1029 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the flexible one-way valve body 1026, and a compression spring 1028 is arranged between the stopper 1029 and the one-way valve sleeve 1027 and is sleeved on the flexible one-way valve body 1026;

[0045] During the drilling process, as the bottom mud is filled, the upper air is squeezed out of the sampling tube 103. When the drilling stops and the pressure drops, the flexible one-way valve assembly rebounds to form a seal. When the sampling is completed and the sampling tube 103 is lifted up, the one-way seal of the flexible one-way valve assembly forms a negative pressure to protect the mud sample from falling off.

[0046] In one embodiment, the limiting ferrule 104 includes a ferrule coupling cylinder 1042 located at the bottom of the sampling tube 103, a plurality of openings are opened in the middle of the ferrule coupling cylinder 1042, and the ferrule coupling cylinder 1042 is connected to the inner wall of the sampling tube 103 through a retaining spring 1041;

[0047] The overall design of the component is injection-molded with flexible materials such as PP. The retaining spring 1041 is flexible enough to open due to force during drilling and close due to force during lifting, which can effectively prevent the mud sample from falling off.

[0048] In one embodiment, the anti-return piston assembly includes a movable rod 112 slidably connected to the air-permeable baffle 110, a piston plate 111 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the movable rod 112, a top plate 113 is fixedly provided at the top end of the movable rod 112, and a limiting assembly 114 for limiting the top plate 113 is also provided in the anti-return chamber;

[0049] When sampling, in order to prevent the sample from flowing out from the top, a non-return piston assembly that can slide upward is specially arranged inside the sampling tube 103; that is, when sampling, the sample enters the sampling tube 103 from the bottom, and will push the piston plate 111 upward. When the piston plate 111 moves upward, it will squeeze the air in the sampling chamber, causing it to flow upward through the breathable baffle 110. The piston plate 111 pushes the top plate 113 upward through the movable rod 112, and the top plate 113 can slide along the limiting assembly 114, wherein the limiting assembly 114 can prevent the top plate 113 from moving downward, and the piston plate 111 can prevent the sample from leaking from the top.

[0050] In one embodiment, the limit assembly 114 includes two movable platforms 1141 slidably connected to the anti-reverse bin, a plurality of anti-reverse flip plates 1142 are arranged in an array in the movable platform 1141, the anti-reverse flip plates 1142 are rotatably connected to the anti-reverse bin via a fixed rotating shaft 1143, a torsion spring 1144 is sleeved on the fixed rotating shaft 1143, a limit slider 1145 is arranged on the side wall of the anti-reverse flip plate 1142, and a movable groove matched with the limit slider 1145 is opened on the inner side wall of the anti-reverse bin;

[0051] A hydraulic rod is also provided on the inner wall of the movable platform 1141. The hydraulic rod is used to fix the movable platform 1141 during sampling, so that the anti-reverse flip plate 1142 can contact the top plate 113. In normal times, the movable platform 1141 can be pulled backward to move the top plate 113 and the anti-reverse flip plate 1142 away from each other.

[0052] When sampling, the top plate 113 moves upward, which pushes the anti-reverse flip plate 1142 to flip upward. When sampling is completed, the top plate 113 is placed on the anti-reverse flip plate 1142 to prevent it from falling.

[0053] In one embodiment, an electric telescopic part 115 is further provided in the anti-return chamber, and a clamp 116 is provided at the movable end of the electric telescopic part 115, and the clamp 116 is clamped on the top plate 113. The electric telescopic part 115 is connected to the control system. At the beginning, the clamp 116 fixes the top plate 113, so that when the sampling tube 103 moves downward, the piston plate 111 will not move upward under the impact of the water flow, and when the sampling tube 103 contacts the bottom mud of the sediment layer, the electric telescopic part 115 will retract backward to allow the clamp 116 to move away from the top plate 113. The top plate 113 loses its restraint and will move upward under the push of the bottom mud to complete the sampling.

[0054] After the cylindrical mud sample is taken out, put the sampling tube 103 into the sample tube, open the pressure relief valve, and slowly draw out the material for unloading.

[0055] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A sediment non-disturbance column sampling device, comprising a sampling platform ship (4), on which an air compressor (7), an air pipe collector (6) and a traction winch mechanism (3) are arranged, wherein the traction winch mechanism (3) is connected to a sampling assembly (1) via a hoisting traction connecting rod (2), characterized in that: The sampling assembly (1) is connected to the trachea collector (6) via an air supply pipeline (5), and a depth displacement sensor (8) is also provided on the sampling assembly (1); The sampling assembly (1) comprises a sampling tube (103), the upper end of the sampling tube (103) is sleeved with a one-way sealing connector (102), and the one-way sealing connector (102) is fixedly connected to the sampling tube (103) via a limit locking nut (109), one end of the one-way sealing connector (102) away from the sampling tube (103) is connected to a counter-thrust device (101) via a connecting rod assembly (106), a connecting sleeve (105) is further provided between the one-way sealing connector (102) and the counter-thrust device (101), a lifting lug (107) and a one-way air pipe joint (108) are further provided at the top of the counter-thrust device (101), the lifting lug (107) is connected to a lifting traction connecting rod (2), and the one-way air pipe joint (108) is connected to an air supply pipeline (5); The sampling tube (103) is divided into a sampling chamber and a non-return chamber by a breathable baffle (110); a non-return piston assembly is movably arranged on the breathable baffle (110); and a limiting sleeve (104) is arranged at the bottom of the sampling chamber.

2. A sediment non-disturbance column sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reverse thrust device (101) comprises a pulsed pneumatic jet cavity (1011), the bottom of which is fixedly mounted with a lower blocking plate (1012) via an inner hexagonal locking screw (1013), the side wall of the pulsed pneumatic jet cavity (1011) is provided with a connecting rod through hole (1014) which matches with the connecting rod assembly (106), the middle of the pulsed pneumatic jet cavity (1011) is an air compression chamber (1016), and a plurality of jet channels are arranged around the air compression chamber (1016), and the jet channels are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside, namely, a gas compression energy gathering zone (1017), an exhaust channel (1018) and a jet outlet (1015).

3. The device for sampling sediment without disturbance in the original column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way sealing connector (102) comprises an upper locking sleeve (1021) and a lower locking sleeve (1022) which are sleeved on the sampling tube (103); the upper locking sleeve (1021) and the lower locking sleeve (1022) are fixedly connected via a locking screw assembly (1020); an upper sealing sleeve (1024) is arranged in the upper locking sleeve (1021); a lower sealing sleeve (1023) is arranged in the lower locking sleeve (1022); a locking seal (1025) is arranged in the bottom of the lower locking sleeve (1022); the lower locking sleeve (1022) is fixedly connected to the sampling tube (103) via a sampling locking screw (1030); and a flexible one-way valve assembly is also arranged at the top of the upper locking sleeve (1021).

4. A sediment non-disturbance column sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flexible one-way valve assembly comprises a flexible one-way valve body (1026) located in an upper locking sleeve (1021), a one-way valve sleeve (1027) is arranged in a sampling tube (103), the bottom end of the flexible one-way valve body (1026) is movably connected to the one-way valve sleeve (1027), a stopper (1029) is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the flexible one-way valve body (1026), and a compression spring (1028) which is sleeved on the flexible one-way valve body (1026) is arranged between the stopper (1029) and the one-way valve sleeve (1027).

5. The device for sampling sediment without disturbance in the original column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting ferrule (104) comprises a ferrule connecting cylinder (1042) located at the bottom of the sampling tube (103), a plurality of openings are provided in the middle of the ferrule connecting cylinder (1042), and the ferrule connecting cylinder (1042) is connected to the inner wall of the sampling tube (103) via a retaining spring (1041).

6. The device for non-disturbance column sampling of bottom mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-return piston assembly comprises a movable rod (112) slidably connected to the air-permeable baffle (110); a piston plate (111) is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the movable rod (112); a top plate (113) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the movable rod (112); and a limit assembly (114) for limiting the top plate (113) is also arranged in the anti-return chamber.

7. The device for sampling sediment without disturbance in the original column according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limit assembly (114) comprises two movable platforms (1141) slidably connected to the anti-reverse chamber, a plurality of anti-reverse flip plates (1142) are arranged in an array inside the movable platforms (1141), the anti-reverse flip plates (1142) are rotatably connected to the anti-reverse chamber via a fixed rotating shaft (1143), a torsion spring (1144) is sleeved on the fixed rotating shaft (1143), a limit slider (1145) is arranged on the side wall of the anti-reverse flip plate (1142), and a movable groove matched with the limit slider (1145) is opened on the inner side wall of the anti-reverse chamber.

8. The device for non-disturbance column sampling of bottom mud according to claim 6, characterized in that: An electric telescopic part (115) is also provided in the anti-reverse chamber, and a clamping plate (116) is provided at the movable end of the electric telescopic part (115), and the clamping plate (116) is clamped on the top plate (113).

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