Estimation method and system for erosion intensity of granite weathering crust watershed

Abstract

The invention discloses a granite weathering crust watershed erosion intensity estimation method and system, and the method comprises the steps: setting a quadrat at a granite weathering crust watershed, and collecting quartz coarse particles on the surface layer of the quadrat and weathering crust soil bodies of different depths of the quadrat; quartz coarse particles with different particle sizes are sorted; determining the particle size of the selected quartz coarse particles to be tested according to the enrichment ratio of the quartz coarse particles with different particle sizes; carrying out splash erosion and weathering tests on the quartz coarse particles with selected particle sizes to obtain the splash erosion rate and weathering rate of the quartz coarse particles; and calculating the erosion strength of the granite weathering crust watershed within a certain period of time according to the enrichment amount of the quartz coarse particles on the quadrat surface layer, the splash erosion rate and weathering rate of the quartz coarse particles and the content of the quartz coarse particles in the weathering crust soil body based on the quartz coarse particles with the selected particle size. According to the method, the erosion strength of the granite weathering crust watershed is estimated by utilizing the content of the quartz coarse particles in the weathering crust and the enrichment amount, the splash erosion amount and the particle weathering rate of the quartz coarse particles on the surface layer of the watershed, and the erosion condition of the granite weathering crust in a non-erosion monitoring area can be effectively evaluated; and a reference basis is provided for water and soil loss treatment of the granite weathering crust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil erosion, and in particular to a method, system, terminal equipment and computer-readable storage medium for estimating erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed. Background Art

[0002] Granite is an important component of the continental crust, which affects the formation and evolution of the continental crust. Granite weathering crusts with a depth of up to 40-100m are common around the world. The thick weathering crust provides abundant erosion materials for soil erosion, and under the action of rainfall and runoff, it is easy to cause high soil erosion intensity. Its slopes have developed typical erosion landforms such as collapsing gullies, lavakas, voçorocas, and crumbling, which have attracted widespread attention. The amount of erosion in the granite watershed determines the altitude of the basin and even the formation of a thick weathering crust, but there is still little attention paid to watershed erosion.

[0003] Splash erosion is an important erosion mode in the process of soil erosion. Since the 1940s, people have conducted a lot of research on splash erosion. Current research shows that rainfall splash erosion is mainly affected by rainfall characteristics (such as intensity, duration, energy, etc.) and soil characteristics (such as particle size, soil aggregates, etc.). When the soil particle size reaches 1mm, the driving force and resistance reach a certain balance, thereby reducing the splash erosion of sand. This shows that when the particle size is larger than 1mm, it will not be easily splashed. In the area near the watershed, except for rainfall splash erosion, other erosion modes are not obvious. Horton even believes that this area is an "erosion-free zone". The enrichment of coarse quartz particles on the surface of the watershed (fine particles are eroded and coarse particles are residually enriched) shows that even the watershed has a certain erosion intensity.

[0004] The granite weathering crust slope watershed is the highest point of the slope, and erosion there has an important impact on the stability and thickness of the granite weathering crust. However, due to the lack of long-term observations, its long-term erosion rate is still unclear. . Through field investigations, this research team found that granite landforms may preserve erosion signals over time, and coarse quartz particles are often enriched on the granite weathering crust watershed. The soil erosion intensity of the watershed can be characterized by the number of coarse quartz particles. Compared with the erosion force of slope runoff, rainfall splash erosion has weaker erosion and transportation capabilities on the soil. In addition, the granite weathering crust has a high content of coarse quartz particles and strong weathering resistance, which makes the surface of the exposed watershed often enriched with a layer of coarse quartz particles and significantly inhibits its erosion intensity. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a method, system, terminal device and computer-readable storage medium for estimating the erosion intensity of the watershed of the granite weathering crust. The erosion intensity of the watershed of the granite weathering crust is estimated by utilizing the characteristics of the strong corrosion resistance and weathering resistance of the coarse quartz particles in the granite weathering crust, and the content of the coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust, as well as the enrichment amount of the coarse quartz particles on the surface of the watershed, the splashing amount and the particle weathering rate and other parameters.

[0006] The first object of the present invention is to provide a method for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed.

[0007] The second object of the present invention is to provide a system for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed.

[0008] The third object of the present invention is to provide a terminal device.

[0009] A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0010] The first object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: A method for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed, the method comprising: Set up a sample plot at the granite weathering crust watershed to collect coarse quartz particles on the surface of the sample plot and soil bodies in the weathering crust at different depths of the sample plot; the particle size of the coarse quartz particles is greater than 0.5 mm; Sorting quartz coarse particles of different particle sizes; determining the particle size of the selected test quartz coarse particles according to the surface enrichment rate of quartz coarse particles of different particle sizes; Sputtering and weathering tests are carried out on coarse quartz particles of the selected particle size to obtain the sputtering rate and weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles; Based on the selected particle size of coarse quartz particles, the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed is calculated according to the enrichment of coarse quartz particles in the surface layer of the sample, the splashing rate and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles, and the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust soil.

[0011] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the erosion intensity is as follows: Where W i is the weight of the selected quartz coarse particles per unit area on the surface of the sample plot in year i, in kg / m 2 ; W i+1 is the weight of the selected quartz coarse particles per unit area on the surface of the sample plot in year i+1, in kg / m 2 ; When i=0, W i =0; S is the surface area of ​​the sample plot, unit is m 2; h is the annual erosion depth of the weathering crust, in m; ρ is the bulk density of the weathering crust soil, in kg / m 3 ; C is the content of coarse quartz particles of the selected particle size in the weathering crust soil; a and b are the annual splashing rate and annual weathering rate of coarse quartz particles of the selected particle size, respectively, which are calculated by the splashing rate and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles, respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the content of coarse quartz particles of the selected particle size in the weathering crust soil is the ratio of the weight of coarse quartz particles of the selected particle size to the weight of eroded soil; and the eroded soil is a weathering crust soil with a sample depth of less than or equal to 20 cm.

[0013] Furthermore, the particle size of the coarse quartz particles corresponding to the maximum surface enrichment rate is selected as the particle size of the selected test coarse quartz particles.

[0014] Furthermore, the particle size of the selected experimental quartz coarse particles is greater than or equal to 5 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the surface enrichment rate is as follows: ER= Ps / Po In the formula, ER is the enrichment rate; Ps、Po It is the percentage of the weight of coarse quartz particles of a certain particle size to the weight of coarse quartz particles on the surface and the weight of the weathering crust soil of the corresponding sample plot.

[0016] Further, the sample plots are arranged in watershed areas where the catchment area is small or zero; The sorting of quartz coarse particles of different particle sizes is completed in water.

[0017] Furthermore, the quartz coarse particles of different particle sizes include quartz coarse particles having particle sizes greater than 5 mm, 3-5 mm, 2-3 mm, 1-2 mm and 0.5-1 mm, respectively.

[0018] The second object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: A system for estimating erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed, the system comprising: The collection module is used to set up sample plots at the granite weathering crust watershed, collect coarse quartz particles on the surface of the sample plots and weathering crust soil at different depths of the sample plots; the particle size of the coarse quartz particles is greater than 0.5 mm; The screening module is used to sort the coarse quartz particles of different particle sizes; according to the surface enrichment rate of the coarse quartz particles of different particle sizes, the particle size of the selected test coarse quartz particles is determined; The test module is used to perform splash erosion and weathering tests on coarse quartz particles of the selected particle size to obtain the splash erosion rate and weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles; The calculation module is used to calculate the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed based on the selected particle size of quartz coarse particles, according to the enrichment of quartz coarse particles in the surface layer of the sample, the splashing rate and weathering rate of quartz coarse particles, and the content of quartz coarse particles in the weathering crust soil.

[0019] The third object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: A terminal device comprises a processor and a memory for storing a program executable by the processor. When the processor executes the program stored in the memory, the above-mentioned method for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed is implemented.

[0020] The fourth object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: A computer-readable storage medium stores a program, and when the program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed is implemented.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: The present invention estimates the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed by the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust, the enrichment of coarse quartz particles in the watershed, the splashing amount and the particle weathering rate. The erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed can effectively evaluate the erosion of the granite weathering crust in the unmonitored area, and provide a reference for the soil and water loss control of the granite weathering crust. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the method for estimating the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed according to Example 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the collection of granite weathering crust watershed samples in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 These are photos of quartz particles at different depths in the granite weathering crust of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is the enrichment rate of quartz particles of different particle sizes in the watershed of the granite weathering crust of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 These are test photos of the sputtering and weathering of coarse quartz particles in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of a system for estimating erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed according to Example 2 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of the terminal device of embodiment 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0031] Embodiment 1: In this embodiment, stone particles with a particle size greater than 0.5 mm are regarded as coarse particles, and the soil erosion intensity of the area is characterized based on the enrichment degree of coarse quartz particles with a determined particle size on the slope.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed, comprising the following steps: S101. Collection and sorting of coarse quartz particles.

[0033] A sample plot was set up in the granite watershed to collect the coarse quartz particles enriched on the surface. The collected samples were sorted indoors according to five particle size levels: >5, 3~5, 2~3, 1~2 and 0.5~1mm.

[0034] Sample plots should be arranged in watershed areas with small or zero catchment areas to reduce the impact of surface runoff erosion on the enrichment of surface coarse particles. The coarse particles should be sorted in water, because some weathering crust particles are easy to disintegrate in water, so that the coarse quartz particles will not be mixed with coarse soil particles. They are sieved separately to obtain coarse quartz particles with five particle sizes of >5, 3~5, 2~3, 1~2 and 0.5~1mm.

[0035] S102. Obtain the sputtering amount and weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles of the selected particle size through a sputtering test and a weathering test.

[0036] The sputtering disk is filled with coarse quartz particles of different particle sizes. The sputtering amount and particle weathering amount in a certain period of time are used to quantitatively characterize the sputtering amount and weathering rate in a unit time period.

[0037] The selected test coarse particle size is determined based on the enrichment rate (ER) of coarse quartz particles of different particle sizes. The enrichment rate of coarse quartz particles of different particle sizes on the watershed surface is calculated using formula (1): ER= Ps / Po (1) In the formula, ER is the enrichment rate; Ps is the percentage of the weight of coarse quartz particles of a certain particle size on the surface to the weight of coarse particles (%); Po is the percentage of the weight of coarse quartz particles of a certain size in the weathering crust soil sample to the weight of the soil (%); Ps and Po The calculated coarse quartz particles are of the same particle size.

[0038] ER>1 indicates that the quartz particles are enriched, and ER<1 indicates that the quartz particles of this particle size are depleted (lost).

[0039] According to the ER index, coarse quartz particles with high enrichment rate are screened and loaded into the splash erosion tray, and then the rainfall splash erosion and weathering tests are carried out.

[0040] S103. Calculate the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed based on the splashing amount and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles and the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust.

[0041] The erosion intensity of the granite watershed per unit time period is calculated based on the enrichment of coarse particles in the granite watershed, the splash erosion of coarse particles per unit time period, and the weathering rate.

[0042] The enrichment of quartz coarse particles in the watershed of the granite weathering crust is mainly affected by rainfall splash erosion and weathering of quartz particles. Since quartz coarse particles of certain particle sizes have strong anti-erosion and anti-weathering capabilities, they are easily enriched in the watershed area where the surface runoff erosion capacity is very weak, and are ideal representations of soil erosion intensity in the watershed area. The weathering amount of quartz coarse particles of a certain particle size can be calculated by the weight change of quartz coarse particles of a certain particle size at different time periods: WR= WPs / Wp (2) Where WR is the weathering rate, WPs is the weight of coarse particles of a certain size after weathering for a period of time, in g; Wp It is the weight of coarse particles of a certain size at the beginning of the test layout, in g.

[0043] Based on the content of coarse particles of a certain particle size in the weathering crust of the watershed within a certain period of time (the weight of coarse quartz particles contained in the eroded weathering crust of a certain thickness), the enrichment of coarse particles on the watershed surface, the splashing and weathering rate of coarse particles, an estimation formula is established to calculate the amount of soil erosion in the weathering crust watershed within a certain period of time.

[0044] ( 3) Where W i is the weight of coarse particles screened out per unit area in the i-th year, in kg / m 2 ; W i+1 is the weight of coarse particles screened out per unit area in the i+1th year, in kg / m 2 ; S is the area of ​​the erosion sample, in m 2 ; h is the annual erosion depth, in m; ρ is the bulk density, in kg / m 3 ; C is the content of quartz coarse particles of a certain particle size in the weathering crust soil; a is the annual splashing rate of coarse particles of a certain particle size; b is the annual weathering rate of coarse particles of a certain particle size. When i=0, W i =0, that is, there were no coarse quartz particles on the surface before erosion.

[0045] Since the coarse particles on the surface are directly affected by factors such as sunlight and rainfall, the weathering rate of the coarse particles exposed on the surface is much greater than the weathering rate of the coarse particles in the weathering crust. Therefore, in a relatively short period of time (several years or decades), the weathering rate of the coarse particles in the weathering crust can be approximated to 0.

[0046] According to the field investigation, the starting time of the enrichment of quartz particles in the granite weathering crust watershed was determined. Based on the enrichment of coarse particles of a certain size in each sample area, the ratio of coarse particles of a certain size in the soil profile at a certain depth, and the splashing rate and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles of a certain size, it can be calculated by formula (3) that the current enrichment of coarse particles in the granite watershed is the result of many years of erosion, weathering and enrichment.

[0047] This embodiment selects Wuhua County and Mei County of Guangdong Province to further illustrate the above method, specifically including: (1) Selection of granite weathering crust watershed quadrat.

[0048] The thickness of the granite weathering crust in Wuhua County and Mei County of Guangdong Province can reach several meters, tens of meters, or even hundreds of meters. An erosional landform called collapse ridge is widely developed, and the granite weathering crust is the most typical. In the past hundred years, due to human deforestation, wildfires and other reasons, the vegetation in the region has suffered large-scale destruction, serious soil erosion, and the fertile topsoil layer has been lost. Especially in the watershed area, after the surface soil is lost, the granite weathering crust is directly exposed. In addition, the erosion and transportation capacity of rainfall surface runoff in the watershed is limited, and a large amount of coarse quartz particles are enriched on the surface. This area is an ideal area for studying the erosion history of the watershed. Four 2m (length) × 1m (width) sample plots were set up in the granite weathering crust watersheds of Wuhua County and Mei County respectively.

[0049] (2) Sample sampling.

[0050] The watershed area of ​​the granite weathering crust is 2m 2 The sampling brush and soil drill / stainless steel shovel were used to collect the surface coarse particles of the sample plot, the weathering crust soil samples at the four corners of the sample plot with depths of 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm, and the bulk density samples (see Figure 2 ).

[0051] (3) Particle size sorting.

[0052] In a bucket, the collected samples were passed through stainless steel sieves with apertures of 5, 3, 2, 1, and 0.5 mm, respectively, to obtain coarse quartz particles of five particle sizes, respectively >5, 3-5, 2-3, 1-2, and 0.5-1 mm (see Figure 3 ).

[0053] (4) Particle size analysis.

[0054] The study found that in the longitudinal section of the weathering crust of each sample area from 0 to 20 cm, the content of coarse particles > 5 mm was not significantly different and could be regarded as a constant. Based on the content of coarse quartz particles of different sizes on the watershed surface and in the weathering crust, the enrichment rate of coarse particles of different sizes was calculated using formula (2). The ER values ​​of the two particle sizes >= 3.0 mm were basically greater than 1, which was mainly manifested as enrichment; while the ER values ​​of the three particle sizes < 3.0 mm were basically less than 1, which was mainly manifested as loss; the enrichment of coarse particles with a particle size of > 5.0 mm was particularly obvious, with an average enrichment rate of 3.5 (see Figure 4 ).

[0055] (5) Sputtering and weathering test of coarse quartz particles.

[0056] According to the gradation ratio of the main coarse particles on the surface of the watershed (as shown in Table 1), the splash erosion test was carried out under natural rainfall conditions. According to the enrichment rate (ER) of coarse quartz particles with different particle sizes, coarse quartz particles with particle sizes of >5mm and 3~5mm were selected and loaded into the splash erosion plate (as shown in Table 1). Figure 5 ). There are 9 splash plates in total, of which the splash plates numbered 1 to 3 are filled with coarse particles with a particle size of >5mm, while the coarse particle grading of the splash plates numbered 4 to 6 and 7 to 9 is arranged according to the coarse particle grading proportion of the watershed of Wuhua County and Mei County. The splash plate has a diameter of 10cm and a height of 3cm. The monitoring period is from April 2020 to July 2024.

[0057] Table 1 Experimental layout of splash erosion and weathering of quartz particles with different particle sizes (6) Calculation of the splashing erosion and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles.

[0058] Based on the observed and collected spatter particles and the number of coarse quartz particles remaining in the spatter disk during the monitoring period, the spatter amount and weathering amount of coarse quartz particles with different particle sizes were calculated. The spatter rate and weathering rate of each spatter disk were 0.85~2.70% and 2.39~3.42%, respectively (as shown in Table 2).

[0059] Table 2 Sputtering and weathering of coarse particles with different particle sizes (7) Calculation of erosion intensity of granite weathering crust watershed.

[0060] According to field investigations, the vegetation destruction in the watershed of Wuhua and Meixian was caused by deforestation in 1994 and forest fire in 2004, respectively. After that, the vegetation in the watershed was completely lost, and the surface was exposed. Under the action of raindrop splash erosion, the fine particles in the watershed were splashed and migrated, while the coarse particles were enriched on the surface. Assuming that the annual erosion rate of the weathering crust of the watershed is consistent, based on the enrichment of coarse particles >5 mm in each sample area, the ratio of coarse particles >5 mm in the 0-20 cm soil profile to the soil body, and the splash erosion rate and weathering rate of coarse particles >5 mm, it can be calculated by formula (3) that the current enrichment of coarse particles in the watershed of Wuhua and Meixian is the result of 25 and 15 years of erosion, weathering, and enrichment, respectively. The average annual soil erosion thickness of the exposed watershed sample areas in Wuhua and Meixian is 1.57 and 1.31 mm, respectively.

[0061] In addition, Spotila et al. (2002) calculated the long-term average erosion rate of the southern California ridge by (U-Th) / He dating method to be about 2 mm / yr, and the results of this study are close to the results calculated by this method. It can be seen that even in the granite weathering crust watershed without vegetation coverage, soil erosion cannot be ignored. In addition, the coarse particle coverage in the granite weathering crust can effectively reduce the erosion of the weathering crust, thereby forming a deep granite weathering crust. This will help to better understand the reasons for the formation of deep granite weathering crust, and provide a methodological reference for the quantitative impact of soil erosion on watershed elevation in areas without erosion data, and help predict future changes in watershed elevation based on soil erosion.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above embodiments may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the corresponding program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0063] It should be noted that although the method operations of the above embodiments are described in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in this specific order, or that all the operations shown must be performed to achieve the desired results. On the contrary, the steps depicted can be performed in a different order. Additionally or alternatively, some steps can be omitted, multiple steps can be combined into one step, and / or one step can be decomposed into multiple steps.

[0064] Embodiment 2: like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a system for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed, the system comprising a collection module 601, a screening module 602, a test module 603 and a calculation module 604, wherein: The collection module 601 is used to set up a sample plot at the granite weathering crust watershed, collect the coarse quartz particles on the surface of the sample plot and the weathering crust soil at different depths of the sample plot; the particle size of the coarse quartz particles is greater than 0.5 mm; The screening module 602 is used to sort the coarse quartz particles of different particle sizes; according to the surface enrichment rate of the coarse quartz particles of different particle sizes, the particle size of the selected test coarse quartz particles is determined; The test module 603 is used to perform a splash test and a weathering test on the coarse quartz particles of the selected particle size to obtain the splash rate and the weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles; The calculation module 604 is used to calculate the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed based on the selected particle size quartz coarse particles, according to the enrichment of quartz coarse particles in the surface layer of the sample, the splashing rate and weathering rate of the quartz coarse particles, and the content of quartz coarse particles in the weathering crust soil.

[0065] The specific implementation of each module in this embodiment can refer to the above-mentioned embodiment 1, which will not be described one by one here; it should be noted that the system provided in this embodiment is only illustrated by the division of the above-mentioned functional modules. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0066] Embodiment 3: This embodiment provides a terminal device, which can be a computer, such as Figure 7 As shown, a processor 702, a memory, an input device 703, a display 704 and a network interface 705 connected via a system bus 701 are provided. The processor is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium 706 and an internal memory 707. The non-volatile storage medium 706 stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory 707 provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. When the processor 702 executes the computer program stored in the memory, the method for estimating the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 is implemented as follows: Set up a sample plot at the granite weathering crust watershed to collect coarse quartz particles on the surface of the sample plot and soil bodies in the weathering crust at different depths of the sample plot; the particle size of the coarse quartz particles is greater than 0.5 mm; Sorting quartz coarse particles of different particle sizes; determining the particle size of the selected test quartz coarse particles according to the surface enrichment rate of quartz coarse particles of different particle sizes; Conducting a splash test and a weathering test on the selected quartz coarse particles to obtain the splash rate and the weathering rate of the quartz coarse particles; Based on the selected particle size of coarse quartz particles, the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed is calculated according to the enrichment of coarse quartz particles in the surface layer of the sample, the splashing rate and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles, and the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust soil.

[0067] Embodiment 4: This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for estimating the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed of the above-mentioned embodiment 1 is implemented as follows: Set up a sample plot at the granite weathering crust watershed to collect coarse quartz particles on the surface of the sample plot and soil bodies in the weathering crust at different depths of the sample plot; the particle size of the coarse quartz particles is greater than 0.5 mm; Sorting quartz coarse particles of different particle sizes; determining the particle size of the selected test quartz coarse particles according to the surface enrichment rate of quartz coarse particles of different particle sizes; Conducting a splash test and a weathering test on the selected quartz coarse particles to obtain the splash rate and the weathering rate of the quartz coarse particles; Based on the selected particle size of coarse quartz particles, the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed is calculated according to the enrichment of coarse quartz particles in the surface layer of the sample, the splashing rate and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles, and the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust soil.

[0068] It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium of the present embodiment may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium or any combination of the above two. The computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or device, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.

[0069] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention within the scope disclosed by the present invention, which shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed, characterized in that: The method comprises: Set up a sample plot at the granite weathering crust watershed to collect coarse quartz particles on the surface of the sample plot and soil bodies in the weathering crust at different depths of the sample plot; the particle size of the coarse quartz particles is greater than 0.5 mm; Sorting quartz coarse particles of different particle sizes; determining the particle size of the selected test quartz coarse particles according to the surface enrichment rate of quartz coarse particles of different particle sizes; Sputtering and weathering tests are carried out on coarse quartz particles of the selected particle size to obtain the sputtering rate and weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles; Based on the selected particle size of coarse quartz particles, the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed is calculated according to the enrichment of coarse quartz particles in the surface layer of the sample, the splashing rate and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles, and the content of coarse quartz particles in the weathering crust soil.

2. The estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the erosion intensity is as follows: Where W i is the weight of the selected quartz coarse particles per unit area on the surface of the sample plot in year i, in kg / m 2 ; W i+1 is the weight of the selected quartz coarse particles per unit area on the surface of the sample plot in year i+1, in kg / m 2 ; When i=0, W i =0; S is the surface area of ​​the sample plot, unit is m 2 ; h is the annual erosion depth of the weathering crust, in meters; ρ is the bulk density of weathering crust soil, in kg / m 3 ; C is the content of coarse quartz particles of the selected particle size in the weathering crust soil; a and b are the annual splashing rate and annual weathering rate of coarse quartz particles of the selected particle size, respectively, which are calculated by the splashing rate and weathering rate of coarse quartz particles, respectively.

3. The estimation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The content of coarse quartz particles of the selected particle size in the weathering crust soil is the ratio of the weight of coarse quartz particles of the selected particle size to the weight of eroded soil; the eroded soil is a weathering crust soil with a sample depth of less than or equal to 20 cm.

4. The estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the coarse quartz particles corresponding to the maximum surface enrichment rate is selected as the particle size of the coarse quartz particles selected for the test.

5. The estimation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The particle size of the selected test quartz coarse particles is greater than or equal to 5 mm.

6. The estimation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the surface enrichment rate is as follows: ER=Ps / Po Where ER is the enrichment rate; Ps and Po are the percentages of the weight of coarse quartz particles of a certain particle size to the weight of coarse quartz particles on the surface and the weight of the weathering crust soil of the corresponding sample plot, respectively.

7. The estimation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The sample plots are arranged in watershed areas where the catchment area is small or zero; The sorting of quartz coarse particles of different particle sizes is completed in water.

8. The estimation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The quartz coarse particles of different particle sizes include quartz coarse particles with particle sizes greater than 5 mm, 3-5 mm, 2-3 mm, 1-2 mm and 0.5-1 mm.

9. A system for estimating the erosion intensity of a granite weathering crust watershed, characterized in that: The system comprises: The collection module is used to set up sample plots at the granite weathering crust watershed, collect coarse quartz particles on the surface of the sample plots and weathering crust soil at different depths of the sample plots; the particle size of the coarse quartz particles is greater than 0.5 mm; The screening module is used to sort the coarse quartz particles of different particle sizes; according to the surface enrichment rate of the coarse quartz particles of different particle sizes, the particle size of the selected test coarse quartz particles is determined; The test module is used to perform splash erosion and weathering tests on coarse quartz particles of the selected particle size to obtain the splash erosion rate and weathering rate of the coarse quartz particles; The calculation module is used to calculate the erosion intensity of the granite weathering crust watershed based on the selected particle size of quartz coarse particles, according to the enrichment of quartz coarse particles in the surface layer of the sample, the splashing rate and weathering rate of quartz coarse particles, and the content of quartz coarse particles in the weathering crust soil.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the estimation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

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