A method and system for improving saline-alkali land

Abstract

The present invention discloses a saline-alkali land improvement method and system, and relates to the technical field of saline-alkali land soil treatment. The method comprises collecting soil samples from the area to be improved, and obtaining key parameters from the soil samples; judging the salinity of the soil to be improved based on the key parameters; presetting the salinity level, and comparing the judged soil salinity with the preset level; and selecting an improvement plan according to the comparison result. The system comprises a data storage module, an operation module, a soil detection module, a data analysis module, a water and fertilizer control module, an effect verification module, and an early warning module. The present invention selects a matching improvement plan according to the comparison result to improve the improvement effect and soil utilization rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali land soil treatment, and in particular to a saline-alkali land improvement method and system. Background Art

[0002] Saline-alkali land is a type of salt accumulation, which means that the salt contained in the soil affects the normal growth of crops. All kinds of saline-alkali soils are formed under certain natural conditions. The essence of their formation is mainly the horizontal and vertical redistribution of various soluble salts on the ground, so that the salt gradually accumulates on the soil surface in the salt-accumulating area. There are many factors that affect the formation of saline-alkali land, such as climate conditions, droplet conditions, soil texture and groundwater, river and seawater influence, improper farming management, etc.

[0003] Saline-alkali soil is a general term for saline soil and alkaline soil. Saline soil mainly refers to salinized soil with high chloride or sulfate content. The soil is alkaline, but the pH value is not necessarily very high. Alkaline soil refers to soil containing carbonate or heavy phosphate, with a high pH value and alkaline soil. Saline-alkali soil has less organic matter content, low soil fertility, poor physical and chemical properties, and many anions and cations that are harmful to crops, making it difficult for crops to promote seedlings. The principle of fertilization for saline-alkali soil is to mainly apply organic fertilizers and high-efficiency compound fertilizers, and control the use of low-concentration chemical fertilizers. Organic fertilizers contain a large amount of organic matter, which buffers harmful anions and cations in the soil, and is conducive to rooting and promoting seedlings. High-concentration compound fertilizers have few ineffective ingredients and little residue, but the amount of chemical fertilizers should not be too much each time to avoid aggravating the secondary salinization of the soil. After applying chemical fertilizers, irrigation should be combined to reduce the concentration of soil solution. At present, there are traditional methods for improving saline-alkali land, such as washing salt, leveling the land, harrowing the land in time, and rationally applying chemical fertilizers or non-chemical means of prevention and control. Among them, the physical improvement methods include two-film method, imported soil, sand pressing, salt isolation layer, salt discharge pipe, salt isolation bag method, etc. The chemical improvement method mainly uses chemical substances to weaken the alkalinity of the soil and improve its soil quality.

[0004] However, the current improvement methods still have poor effects, high costs, low soil utilization, and low data detection accuracy during the improvement process. Therefore, it is necessary to design a saline-alkali land improvement method and system to solve the corresponding problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims at solving the problems in the prior art and provides a method and system for improving saline-alkali land.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for improving saline-alkali land comprises the following steps: S1, collecting soil samples from an area to be improved, testing them, and obtaining key parameters from the soil samples; S2, judging the salinity of the soil to be improved based on the key parameters; wherein each key parameter is calculated according to the geographical conditions of the current area to be improved, and different depth layers are set for sampling in the selected area to be improved; S3, presetting a salinity level, and comparing the judged soil salinity with the preset level; S4, selecting an improvement plan according to the comparison result.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, further, in S1, the key parameters include at least soil pH and organic matter content; wherein, a pH meter is used to detect soil pH data.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, further, in S1, grid units are set in the area to be improved, and then the sampling point data to be measured are determined, and the sampling point data at least includes the location information of the sampling points, wherein at least one sampling point is set in each grid, and when one sampling point is set, the sampling point is located at the center of the grid, and when the number of sampling points is multiple, at least one sampling point is ensured to be located at the center of the grid.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, further, in S2, different depth layers are set as the first-level depth layer, the second-level depth layer and the third-level depth layer respectively; the first-level depth layer is the detection situation of the surface position, the second-level depth layer is below the first-level depth layer, and the height difference with the first-level depth layer is 15 cm; the third-level depth layer is below the second-level depth layer, and the height difference with the second-level depth layer is 15 cm.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, further, the calculation process of soil pH is: Where H is soil pH; H1, H2, and H3 correspond to the actually measured soil pH value of the first depth layer, the actually measured soil pH value of the second depth layer, and the actually measured soil pH value of the third depth layer, respectively; β is the soil pH correction factor, which takes a value of 1-2.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, further, the calculation process of organic matter content is: Where P is the organic matter content; P1, P2, and P3 correspond to the organic matter content actually measured in the first depth layer, the organic matter content actually measured in the second depth layer, and the organic matter content actually measured in the third depth layer, respectively; λ is the organic matter content correction factor.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, further, in S3, the preset salinity levels include at least level one, level two and level three, and different levels of salinity correspond to different threshold conditions that need to be met; among them, the threshold condition for level one salinity is 10%-20% of the standard salinity, the threshold condition for level two is 40%-50% of the standard salinity, and the threshold condition for level three is 70%-80% of the standard salinity.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, further, the standard salinity is defined as 0.3% of the soil salinity in the currently selected improved area, and the soil salinity in the current improved area is determined after normalization according to the number of grids.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, further, the calculation process of the soil salinity in the current improved area is: Where X is the soil salinity of the current improved area; N is the total number of divided grids; y i is the soil salinity of the improved area corresponding to the i-th grid; K is the weight factor, and its value is 0-1.

[0016] A saline-alkali land improvement system implements a saline-alkali land improvement method, comprising a data storage module, an operation module, a soil detection module, a data analysis module, a water-fertilizer control module, an effect verification module and an early warning module; the soil detection module, the data analysis module, the water-fertilizer control module, the effect verification module and the early warning module are all connected to the operation module by wireless communication; and relevant data of the soil detection module, the data analysis module, the water-fertilizer control module, the effect verification module and the early warning module are all stored in the data storage module for calling; the soil detection module transmits the detection data to the data analysis module, and the data analysis module transmits the analyzed data to the water-fertilizer control module.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The present invention obtains key parameters to carry out soil sample detection in a targeted manner, and provides more valuable data reference for subsequent calculation processes based on grid settings and sampling point location selection and limitation. At the same time, different depth layers are set for sampling based on geographical conditions, and corresponding calculations are performed to obtain soil pH and organic matter content, ensuring that the deviation in the data extraction process is small, and the determined soil salinity is compared with the preset level. According to the comparison results, a matching improvement plan is selected to improve the improvement effect and soil utilization rate; in addition, the value of reference for planting suitable plants is provided according to the improvement strategy, further improving the soil utilization rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1The present invention is a flow chart of the saline-alkali land improvement method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Example 1

[0021] Combination Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for improving saline-alkali land, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1. Collect soil samples from the area to be improved and conduct tests to obtain key parameters from the soil samples.

[0023] In this embodiment, the key parameters include at least soil pH and organic matter content; and the selection of the area to be improved is achieved by means of grid setting, specifically: grid units are set in the area to be improved, and then the sampling point data to be measured is determined, and the sampling point data at least includes the location information of the sampling point, wherein the grid size is set according to the actual situation, and at least one sampling point is set in each grid, and when a sampling point is set, the center position of the grid is preferred, and when the number of sampling points is multiple, at least one sampling point is ensured to be located at the center position of the grid, and the positions of other sampling points are not specifically limited. The selection of sampling points is limited to reduce the risk of large deviations in the test results due to poor sampling positions. In some embodiments, soil pH data can be detected by including but not limited to pH meters, and the specific detection process is conventional means, which will not be recorded in detail here. The organic matter content can be determined by a variety of methods, such as the more commonly used loss on ignition method and potassium dichromate method. The loss on ignition method is to burn the soil sample at high temperature and measure the remaining weight after combustion to calculate the organic matter content; the potassium dichromate method is to oxidize the organic matter in the soil with potassium dichromate under heating conditions, and then calculate the organic matter content by titrating the remaining potassium dichromate; the specific calculation process is a conventional method and will not be recorded in detail here.

[0024] S2. Determine the salinity of the soil to be improved based on key parameters.

[0025] In this embodiment, each key parameter is calculated according to the geographical conditions of the current area to be improved. It should be noted that the height of the terrain has a great influence on the formation of saline-alkali soil. In order to reduce errors, it is necessary to set different depth layers for sampling in the selected area to be improved. It is preferred to set three depth layers, namely the first depth layer, the second depth layer and the third depth layer, wherein the first depth layer is the detection condition of the surface position, the second depth layer is below the first depth layer, and the height difference with the first depth layer is 15 cm; the third depth layer is below the second depth layer, and the height difference with the second depth layer is 15 cm.

[0026] Soil pH and organic matter content were measured at three depth levels, and the calculation process of soil pH was as follows: Wherein, H is soil pH; H1, H2, and H3 correspond to the actual soil pH value measured at the first depth layer, the actual soil pH value measured at the second depth layer, and the actual soil pH value measured at the third depth layer, respectively; β is the soil pH correction factor, which takes a value of 1-2;

[0027] The calculation process of organic matter content is: Wherein, P is the organic matter content; P1, P2, and P3 correspond to the organic matter content actually measured in the first depth layer, the organic matter content actually measured in the second depth layer, and the organic matter content actually measured in the third depth layer, respectively; λ is the organic matter content correction factor; the mass percentage of the soil salt content in the improved area is further detected to represent the salinity of the soil to be improved.

[0028] S3. Preset the salinity level and compare the determined soil salinity with the preset level.

[0029] In this embodiment, the preset salinity level includes at least three levels, namely, the first level salinity, the second level salinity and the third level salinity, and different salinity levels correspond to different threshold conditions that need to be met. Specifically, the threshold condition of the first level salinity is 10%-20% of the standard salinity, the threshold condition of the second level salinity is 40%-50% of the standard salinity, and the threshold condition of the third level salinity is 70%-80% of the standard salinity. It should be noted that the standard salinity is defined as 0.3% of the soil salt content of the currently selected improved area, and the soil salt content of the current improved area is determined after normalization according to the number of grids.

[0030] The specific calculation process is: Where X is the soil salinity of the current improved area; N is the total number of divided grids; y i is the soil salt content of the improved area corresponding to the ith grid; K is the weight factor, and its value is 0-1; it should be noted that the method for determining the soil salt content of the improved area corresponding to each grid can use a soil in-situ salt rapid tester to monitor the salt content in the soil in real time, which can be directly inserted into the soil rapid test and automatically record, and the data can be sent to the server in real time through the wireless transmission function, which is convenient for remote viewing.

[0031] It is determined whether the actual soil salinity falls within the set threshold condition range. If so, it indicates that the current soil area does not need to be improved. If not, the next step is executed to select the corresponding improvement plan.

[0032] S4. Select an improvement plan based on the comparison results.

[0033] In this embodiment, a variety of improvement plans are set according to the salinity of the current area to be improved and the comparison results. The improvement plans mainly include fertilization improvement plans and water improvement plans. When the actual soil salinity is greater than the third level, it is considered that the salt content is too high, and the application content of organic fertilizer can be increased, or water can be added for dilution, or salt-tolerant plants can be considered to be planted; when the actual soil salinity is less than the first level, it is considered that the salt content is too low, and the salt content can be appropriately increased by reasonable over-irrigation, application of inorganic fertilizers, etc., or salt-intolerant plants can be considered to be planted.

[0034] It should be noted that the fertilization improvement plan and the water improvement plan can be freely combined according to the actual test results to improve the improvement effect. According to the improvement effect, it can provide a certain reference value for the subsequent planting of suitable plant varieties, thereby improving the land utilization rate.

[0035] In some embodiments, the effect after executing the improvement plan can also be verified by the effect verification module. Specifically, plant the corresponding plants, observe the growth trend of the plants after a set period of time, and if the actual growth trend meets the preset growth trend conditions, it indicates that the improvement effect is good, and the early warning module will present the results of compliance through visualization; if the detection results do not meet the preset growth trend, the early warning module will issue an alarm and visually present the results of non-compliance; and the operator can adjust the improvement plan or re-test based on the presented results.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] Based on the improved method of Example 1, this embodiment provides an improved system for executing the improved method, which includes a data storage module, an operation module, a soil detection module, a data analysis module, a water and fertilizer control module, an effect verification module and an early warning module; the soil detection module, the data analysis module, the water and fertilizer control module, the effect verification module and the early warning module are all connected to the operation module by wireless communication; and the relevant data of the soil detection module, the data analysis module, the water and fertilizer control module, the effect verification module and the early warning module are all stored in the data storage module for easy call; the soil detection module transmits the detection data to the data analysis module, the data analysis module transmits the analyzed data to the water and fertilizer control module, the water and fertilizer control module transmits the result data to the effect verification module for verification, and the early warning module issues an early warning according to the verification situation.

[0038] In this embodiment, the soil detection module includes a data collector, which is used to collect soil samples, obtain corresponding key parameters, and transmit the collected data to the data analysis module; the data analysis module analyzes the soil salinity after receiving the collected data; and transmits the analyzed soil salinity information to the water and fertilizer control module; the water and fertilizer control module includes a fertilization control module and a moisture control module, the fertilization control module performs the corresponding fertilization action after receiving the fertilization instruction, and the moisture control module performs the corresponding watering action after receiving the watering instruction; after the operation is completed, the information is transmitted to the effect verification module; the effect verification module verifies the effect of the improved soil sample, if the test result meets the expectation, the early warning module will visually present the meeting result; if the test result does not meet the preset growth trend, the early warning module will issue an alarm and visually present the non-conforming result; and the operator can adjust or re-test according to the presented result.

[0039] It should be noted that in the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the components shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units can be electrical, mechanical or other forms. In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be all integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can be used as a unit separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit; the above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving saline-alkali land, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1. Collect soil samples from the area to be improved, conduct tests, and obtain key parameters from the soil samples; S2. Determine the degree of salinity of the soil to be improved based on key parameters; wherein each key parameter is calculated according to the geographical conditions of the current area to be improved, and different depth layers are set for sampling in the selected area to be improved; S3, preset the salinity level, and compare the determined soil salinity level with the preset level; S4. Select an improvement plan based on the comparison results.

2. The method for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the key parameters include at least soil pH and organic matter content; wherein, a pH meter is used to detect soil pH data.

3. The method for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, grid units are set in the area to be improved, and then the sampling point data to be measured are determined, and the sampling point data at least includes the location information of the sampling points, wherein at least one sampling point is set in each grid, and when one sampling point is set, the sampling point is located at the center of the grid, and when there are multiple sampling points, at least one sampling point is ensured to be located at the center of the grid.

4. The method for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S2, different depth layers are set as the first-level depth layer, the second-level depth layer and the third-level depth layer respectively; the first-level depth layer is the detection situation of the surface position, the second-level depth layer is located below the first-level depth layer, and the height difference with the first-level depth layer is 15 cm; the third-level depth layer is located below the second-level depth layer, and the height difference with the second-level depth layer is 15 cm.

5. A saline-alkali land improvement method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation process of soil pH is: Where H is soil pH; H1, H2, and H3 correspond to the actually measured soil pH value of the first depth layer, the actually measured soil pH value of the second depth layer, and the actually measured soil pH value of the third depth layer, respectively; β is the soil pH correction factor, which takes a value of 1-2.

6. The method for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation process of organic matter content is: Where P is the organic matter content; P1, P2, and P3 correspond to the organic matter content actually measured in the first depth layer, the organic matter content actually measured in the second depth layer, and the organic matter content actually measured in the third depth layer, respectively; λ is the organic matter content correction factor.

7. The method for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the preset salinity levels include at least level one, level two and level three, and different levels of salinity correspond to different threshold conditions that need to be met; among them, the threshold condition for level one salinity is 10%-20% of the standard salinity, the threshold condition for level two is 40%-50% of the standard salinity, and the threshold condition for level three is 70%-80% of the standard salinity.

8. The method for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 7, characterized in that: The standard salinity is defined as 0.3% of the soil salinity in the currently selected improved area, while the soil salinity in the currently improved area is determined after normalization according to the number of grids.

9. A saline-alkali land improvement method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The calculation process of soil salinity in the current improved area is: Where X is the soil salinity of the current improved area; N is the total number of divided grids; yi is the soil salinity of the improved area corresponding to the i-th grid; K is the weight factor, which ranges from 0 to 1.

10. A saline-alkali land improvement system, characterized in that: A saline-alkali land improvement method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a data storage module, an operation module, a soil detection module, a data analysis module, a water and fertilizer control module, an effect verification module and an early warning module; The soil detection module, data analysis module, water and fertilizer control module, effect verification module and early warning module are all connected to the operation module by wireless communication; And the relevant data of the soil detection module, data analysis module, water and fertilizer control module, effect verification module and early warning module are stored in the data storage module for calling; The soil detection module transmits the detected data to the data analysis module, and the data analysis module transmits the analyzed data to the water and fertilizer control module.

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