Hydrogen fuel cell system

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrogen fuel cell system. The hydrogen fuel cell system comprises an electric pile device, an air guide device and a hydrogen storage bottle, the electric pile device is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; the air guide device comprises a fan cover, a fan and a mounting shell arranged in the fan cover, the fan cover covers the air outlet, a first air duct is formed between the outer wall of the mounting shell and the inner wall of the fan cover, an air inlet of the fan is communicated with the first air duct, a second air duct is arranged in the mounting shell, and the second air duct is communicated with the air outlet of the fan. The mounting shell is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet which are respectively communicated with the second air duct, an air outlet of the fan is communicated with the gas inlet, the gas outlet is communicated with the outside of the fan cover, and the hydrogen storage bottle is arranged in the second air duct; air flow flowing out of the air outlet enters the first air channel and then can be fed into the second air channel through the draught fan. According to the scheme provided by the invention, the power generation efficiency and the thermal management performance of the hydrogen fuel cell system can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of power battery technology, and in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] In today's context of increasing environmental awareness and global energy transformation, the development and promotion of electric bicycles as a representative of green travel is of great significance. At present, the electric bicycle market mainly relies on lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries as power sources. Hydrogen fuel cells, as an innovative and pollution-free energy storage device, directly generate electricity through the chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen. They have the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection, and rapid refueling, providing a new development direction for the power system of electric bicycles.

[0003] Although hydrogen fuel cells have many advantages, hydrogen fuel cells in related technologies still have the problem of low hydrogen utilization efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve or partially solve the problems existing in the related art, the present application provides a hydrogen fuel cell system that can improve the utilization efficiency of hydrogen.

[0005] The present application provides a hydrogen fuel cell system, comprising: a fuel cell stack device, an air guide device and a hydrogen storage bottle;

[0006] The battery stack device has an air inlet and an air outlet;

[0007] The wind guide device comprises a wind cover, a fan and a mounting shell arranged in the wind cover, the wind cover is arranged at the air outlet, a first air duct is formed between the outer wall of the mounting shell and the inner wall of the wind cover, the air inlet of the fan is communicated with the first air duct, a second air duct is arranged in the mounting shell, an air inlet and an air outlet respectively communicated with the second air duct are arranged on the mounting shell, the air outlet of the fan is communicated with the air inlet, the air outlet is communicated with the outside of the wind cover, and the hydrogen storage bottle is arranged in the second air duct;

[0008] The airflow flowing out of the air outlet enters the first air duct and can be sent into the second air duct by the fan.

[0009] Further, the mounting shell has a first end and a second end that are arranged opposite to each other, the air inlet is located at the first end, the air outlet is located at the second end, the first end is located in the wind shield, and the second end is connected to the side wall of the wind shield;

[0010] The mounting shell and the air outlet both extend in a transverse direction, and the mounting shell is arranged opposite to the air outlet.

[0011] Furthermore, a first gap is provided between the outer wall of the mounting shell and the inner wall of the wind shield, so that the airflow flowing out of the air outlet can flow from the side of the mounting shell toward the air outlet to the side of the mounting shell away from the air outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the fan is located at the air inlet, the air inlet of the fan is located in the first air duct, and the air inlet of the fan faces a side away from the air inlet.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer side wall of the mounting shell is an arc-shaped structure; and / or

[0014] The installation shell is in the shape of a hollow cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, a second gap for air flow is provided between the outer wall of the hydrogen storage bottle and the inner wall of the mounting shell.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner side wall of the mounting shell is provided with a plurality of support ribs extending along the axial direction of the hydrogen storage bottle, and the plurality of support ribs are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction.

[0017] Furthermore, the mounting shell and the wind shield are an integrally formed structure; and / or

[0018] A mounting groove is provided on one side of the wind cover, and the fan is arranged in the mounting groove.

[0019] Furthermore, the fuel cell stack device is also provided with a hydrogen inlet, and the hydrogen inlet is connected to the hydrogen storage bottle.

[0020] Furthermore, the above hydrogen fuel cell system also includes: a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the fan.

[0021] The technical solution provided by the present application may include the following beneficial effects: the gas heated by the reaction of the fuel cell stack device flows into the first air duct from the air outlet, and then the gas in the first air duct is sent to the second air duct through the fan, and then discharged from the exhaust port. On the one hand, this can take away the heat generated by the fuel cell stack device during operation and ensure the stable operation of the fuel cell stack device. On the other hand, the heat generated by the fuel cell stack device can be used to heat the hydrogen storage bottle. When the gas flows in the first air duct and the second air duct, heat exchange will occur, thereby transferring the heat to the hydrogen storage bottle in the second air duct, realizing heat recovery and utilization. This not only improves the utilization efficiency of hydrogen, but also significantly reduces the overall energy consumption of the system, realizes efficient utilization of energy, and thus improves the power generation efficiency and thermal management performance of the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0022] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 is another structural schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 is a front view schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic top view of a hydrogen fuel cell system is shown;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Section view along section line AA;

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Section view along section line BB.

[0030] Reference numerals:

[0031] 1-cell stack device, 11-air inlet, 12-air outlet, 13-membrane electrode assembly, 14-shell;

[0032] 2-wind guide device, 21-wind cover, 211-installation slot, 22-fan, 23-installation shell, 231-air inlet, 232-exhaust outlet, 233-first end, 234-second end, 235-support rib;

[0033] 3-Hydrogen storage bottle;

[0034] 4-First air duct;

[0035] 5- Second air duct;

[0036] 6-First gap;

[0037] 7- Second gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0039] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. may be used in this application to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0040] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0041] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, or a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] The technical solution of the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a hydrogen fuel cell system, including a fuel cell stack device 1, an air guide device 2 and a hydrogen storage bottle 3.

[0044] The stack device 1 has an air inlet 11 and an air outlet 12. A membrane electrode assembly 13 is provided in the stack device 1. The membrane electrode assembly 13 is used to convert hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. The embodiment of the present application can adopt an existing conventional membrane electrode assembly 13. Air enters the stack device 1 through the air inlet 11 to provide the membrane electrode assembly 13 with oxygen required for the reaction. The gas passes through the membrane electrode assembly 13 and is discharged from the stack device 1 through the air outlet 12. Among them, the stack device 1 has a shell 14, the membrane electrode assembly 13 is located in the shell 14, the air inlet 11 and the air outlet 12 are arranged on opposite sides of the shell 14, and the membrane electrode assembly 13 is located between the air inlet 11 and the air outlet 12.

[0045] The wind guiding device 2 includes a wind hood 21, a fan 22 and a mounting shell 23 arranged in the wind hood 21. The wind hood 21 is arranged on the air outlet 12. A first air duct 4 is formed between the outer wall of the mounting shell 23 and the inner wall of the wind hood 21. The gas discharged from the air outlet 12 enters the first air duct 4. The air inlet of the fan 22 is connected to the first air duct 4. A second air duct 5 is arranged in the mounting shell 23. The mounting shell 23 is provided with an air inlet 231 and an exhaust port 232 respectively connected to the second air duct 5. The air outlet of the fan 22 is connected to the air inlet 231, and the exhaust port 232 is connected to the outside of the wind hood 21. The hydrogen storage bottle 3 is arranged in the second air duct 5.

[0046] The airflow from the air outlet 12 enters the first air duct 4 and can be sent into the second air duct 5 by the fan 22 . After passing through the second air duct 5 , the gas is discharged to the outside of the air cover 21 through the exhaust port 232 .

[0047] The gas heated by the reaction of the fuel cell stack device 1 flows into the first air duct 4 from the air outlet 12, and then is sent to the second air duct 5 by the fan 22, and finally discharged from the exhaust port 232. On the one hand, this can take away the heat generated by the fuel cell stack device 1 during operation and ensure the stable operation of the fuel cell stack device 1. On the other hand, the heat generated by the fuel cell stack device 1 can be used to heat the hydrogen storage bottle 3. When the gas flows in the first air duct 4 and the second air duct 5, heat exchange will occur, thereby transferring the heat to the hydrogen storage bottle 3 in the second air duct 5, realizing heat recovery and utilization, which not only improves the utilization efficiency of hydrogen, but also significantly reduces the overall energy consumption of the system, realizes efficient utilization of energy, and thus improves the power generation efficiency and thermal management performance of the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0048] Specifically, when the gas passes through the first air duct 4, the heat can be transferred to the mounting shell 23. After the mounting shell 23 is heated, the heat can be transferred to the hydrogen storage bottle 3 therein. When the gas passes through the second air duct 5, it will contact the outer wall surface of the hydrogen storage bottle 3, thereby transferring the heat to the hydrogen storage bottle 3 again. In the hydrogen fuel cell system, heating the temperature of the hydrogen storage bottle 3 has many functions such as improving the hydrogen transmission efficiency, optimizing the reaction kinetics, and ensuring the stability of the system. The embodiment of the present application heats the hydrogen storage bottle 3 through the heat generated by the reaction of the stack device 1, thereby reducing the need to set up additional heating devices, improving the utilization efficiency of hydrogen, and reducing the overall energy consumption of the system.

[0049] In some embodiments, the fan 22 may be a turbofan. The fan 22 can generate a high-pressure airflow, which not only provides the necessary oxygen for the reaction of the battery stack device 1, but also effectively takes away the heat generated by the battery stack device 1 during operation, ensuring the stable operation of the battery stack device 1, maintaining its power output, and helping to keep the battery stack device 1 within the optimal operating temperature range, preventing overheating, and extending the service life of the battery stack device 1. By controlling the power of the fan 22, the air intake of the battery stack device 1 can be controlled, which enhances the dynamic response capability of the battery stack device 1, allowing the fuel cell to quickly adjust under different workloads, thereby further reducing energy consumption and improving the overall performance of the system.

[0050] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, the mounting shell 23 has a first end 233 and a second end 234 that are arranged opposite to each other, the air inlet 231 is located at the first end 233, the air outlet 232 is located at the second end 234, the first end 233 is located in the hood 21, and the second end 234 is connected to the side wall of the hood 21. The mounting shell 23 and the air outlet 12 both extend in the transverse direction, and the mounting shell 23 and the air outlet 12 are arranged opposite to each other, so that the gas discharged from the air outlet 12 can have a larger contact area with the mounting shell 23 in the transverse direction, thereby improving the heat exchange performance between the airflow and the outer wall of the mounting shell 23.

[0051] Specifically, the second end 234 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the wind hood 21, and the exhaust port 232 forms an opening in the side wall of the wind hood 21. When the hydrogen storage bottle 3 is disassembled, the hydrogen storage bottle 3 can be installed into the mounting shell 23 through the exhaust port 232, or removed from the mounting shell 23 through the exhaust port 232. The diameter of the exhaust port 232 is larger than the outer diameter of the hydrogen storage bottle 3. The hydrogen storage bottle 3 is also arranged horizontally and can be coaxially arranged with the second air duct 5. The bottle body of the hydrogen storage bottle 3 is basically completely located in the second air duct 5.

[0052] In some embodiments, Figure 6As shown, there is a first gap 6 between the outer wall of the mounting shell 23 and the inner wall of the wind shield 21, so that the airflow flowing out of the air outlet 12 can flow from the side of the mounting shell 23 facing the air outlet 12 to the side of the mounting shell 23 away from the air outlet 12.

[0053] For details, please refer to Figure 6 In the figure, the gas outlet 12 is located on the right side of the mounting shell 23, and there is a first gap 6 between the outer wall of the mounting shell 23 and the upper and lower inner walls of the wind cover 21. The gas flows from the gas outlet 12 to the left toward the mounting shell 23, and continues to move along the outer wall of the mounting shell 23 when it flows to the mounting shell 23, and can move to the left side of the mounting shell 23 through the first gap 6, which can effectively guide the airflow and ensure that the gas is more evenly distributed on the mounting shell 23, thereby improving the heat exchange performance. At the same time, this structure can effectively guide the airflow and ensure that oxygen is evenly distributed to various parts of the fuel cell, thereby improving the utilization rate of oxygen and the cooling efficiency of the battery.

[0054] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, the fan 22 is located at the air inlet 231, the air inlet of the fan 22 is located in the first air duct 4, and the air inlet of the fan 22 faces the side away from the air inlet 11. Specifically, the air outlet 12 is located below the mounting shell 23 in the figure, and the gas flowing out of the air outlet 12 moves upward, and moves from the first gap 6 on both sides of the mounting shell 23 to the upper side of the mounting shell 23, and then moves to the left until entering the air inlet of the fan 22 with the opening facing upward, and then the fan 22 allows the gas to enter the second air duct 5 from the air inlet 231 and move to the right until it is discharged from the exhaust port 232. In this way, a longer airflow path can be provided in a limited space, which is very important for a hydrogen fuel cell system that needs to achieve gas heat dissipation, heating of the hydrogen storage bottle 3 and uniform distribution of gas in a small volume, and is conducive to the miniaturization of the fuel cell system.

[0055] In some embodiments, the fan 22 may also be disposed at other locations, such as on the side wall of the fan cover 21 facing away from the air inlet 11, that is, on the side wall of the fan cover 21 facing away from the air inlet 11. Figure 5 At the lower end of the stroke hood 21 , the air outlet of the fan 22 can be connected to the air inlet 231 through a pipeline.

[0056] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the mounting shell 23 is an arc-shaped structure, so that the gas can move in an arc shape along the outer wall of the mounting shell 23. This shape can reduce the turbulence and eddy current of the airflow, making the airflow smoother and helping to reduce the pressure loss of the airflow in the air duct. This is because the flow of the fluid in the bend is smoother, reducing the energy loss caused by turbulence, which can help better manage the temperature of the airflow and improve the cooling efficiency.

[0057] In some embodiments, Figure 6As shown, the installation shell 23 is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and the inner cavity of the installation shell 23 is the second air duct 5 .

[0058] In some embodiments, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, there is a second gap 7 for air flow between the outer wall of the hydrogen storage bottle 3 and the inner wall of the mounting shell 23. When the air flow is in the second channel, it flows along the second gap 7, thereby transferring heat to the outer wall of the hydrogen storage bottle 3 to heat the hydrogen storage bottle 3.

[0059] In some embodiments, the inner side wall of the mounting shell 23 is provided with a plurality of support ribs 235 extending in the axial direction of the hydrogen storage bottle 3, and the plurality of support ribs 235 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction. The support ribs 235 are used to support the hydrogen storage bottle 3, and to provide a gap between the outer side wall of the hydrogen storage bottle 3 and the inner side wall of the mounting shell 23, thereby forming a second gap 7.

[0060] In some embodiments, the mounting shell 23 and the wind shield 21 are an integrally formed structure. Specifically, the mounting shell 23 and the wind shield 21 are formed by plastic injection molding.

[0061] In some embodiments, a mounting groove 211 is opened on one side of the wind cover 21, and the fan 22 is arranged in the mounting groove 211. The fan 22 can be installed on the wind cover 21 through the mounting groove 211, and part of the fan 22 can extend out of the mounting groove 211, which is convenient for taking the fan 22 out of the mounting groove 211.

[0062] In some embodiments, the fuel cell stack device 1 is further provided with a hydrogen inlet, which is connected to the hydrogen storage bottle 3 , and the hydrogen storage bottle 3 provides hydrogen to the fuel cell stack device 1 through the hydrogen inlet.

[0063] In some embodiments, the hydrogen fuel cell system can increase the voltage by increasing the number of cells in the membrane electrode assembly 13, speed up the reaction speed by reducing the width of the electrode plate, and reduce the volume of the entire machine by reducing the thickness of the electrode plate, thereby improving the energy density, reaction speed, and reducing the overall volume to meet the requirements of modern energy equipment for high performance and miniaturization.

[0064] Increasing the number of cells (single cells) in a battery stack can directly increase the output voltage of the entire battery stack. This is because each cell generates a certain voltage, and when the cells are connected in series, the voltages are added together. Higher voltages can reduce current demand, thereby reducing transmission losses and improving the overall efficiency of the system. Reducing the width of the plate can reduce the transmission distance of electrons on the plate, thereby reducing resistance and speeding up the transmission of electrons. Reducing the thickness of the plate can significantly reduce the overall volume of the battery stack device 1, which is particularly important for portable devices and space-constrained applications.

[0065] In some embodiments, the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the fan 22 , and is used to control the output power of the fan 22 , thereby controlling the air flow entering the fuel cell stack device 1 .

[0066] The hydrogen fuel cell system of the embodiment of the present application can be used in electric vehicles, wherein the controller can also be connected to the speed control component of the electric vehicle, and the speed control component can be a hand-twisted or foot-operated electric switch, and the user can control the driving speed through the speed control component. The controller can receive a signal from the speed control component and control the output power of the fan 22 according to the signal of the speed control component. For example, when the user accelerates through the speed control component, the controller increases the output power of the fan 22 according to the acceleration signal, thereby increasing the intake flow rate of the air inlet 11 and achieving transient response. Among them, the electric vehicle can be a two-wheeled, three-wheeled or four-wheeled electric vehicle, etc.

[0067] The scheme of the present application has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the various embodiments have their own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art should also be aware that the actions and modules involved in the specification are not necessarily required for the present application. In addition, it can be understood that the steps in the method of the embodiment of the present application can be adjusted in order, merged and deleted according to actual needs, and the modules in the device of the embodiment of the present application can be merged, divided and deleted according to actual needs.

[0068] The embodiments of the present application have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the market, or to enable other persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: Battery stack device, air guide device and hydrogen storage bottle; The battery stack device has an air inlet and an air outlet; The wind guide device comprises a wind cover, a fan and a mounting shell arranged in the wind cover, the wind cover is arranged at the air outlet, a first air duct is formed between the outer wall of the mounting shell and the inner wall of the wind cover, the air inlet of the fan is communicated with the first air duct, a second air duct is arranged in the mounting shell, an air inlet and an air outlet respectively communicated with the second air duct are arranged on the mounting shell, the air outlet of the fan is communicated with the air inlet, the air outlet is communicated with the outside of the wind cover, and the hydrogen storage bottle is arranged in the second air duct; The airflow flowing out of the air outlet enters the first air duct and can be sent into the second air duct by the fan.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting shell has a first end and a second end that are arranged opposite to each other, the air inlet is located at the first end, the air outlet is located at the second end, the first end is located in the wind shield, and the second end is connected to the side wall of the wind shield; The mounting shell and the air outlet both extend in a transverse direction, and the mounting shell is arranged opposite to the air outlet.

3. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first gap is provided between the outer wall of the mounting shell and the inner wall of the wind shield, so that the airflow flowing out of the air outlet can flow from the side of the mounting shell toward the air outlet to the side of the mounting shell away from the air outlet.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fan is located at the air inlet, the air inlet of the fan is located in the first air duct, and the air inlet of the fan faces a side away from the air inlet.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the mounting shell is an arc-shaped structure; and / or The installation shell is in the shape of a hollow cylinder.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second gap for air flow is provided between the outer side wall of the hydrogen storage bottle and the inner side wall of the mounting shell.

7. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner side wall of the mounting shell is provided with a plurality of supporting ribs extending along the axial direction of the hydrogen storage bottle, and the plurality of supporting ribs are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction.

8. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting shell and the wind shield are an integrally formed structure; and / or A mounting groove is provided on one side of the wind cover, and the fan is arranged in the mounting groove.

9. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell stack device is also provided with a hydrogen inlet, which is connected to the hydrogen storage bottle.

10. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A controller is electrically connected to the fan.

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