Distributed photovoltaic energy storage method and system for microgrid

Abstract

The invention provides a distributed photovoltaic energy storage method and system for a micro-grid, the distributed photovoltaic energy storage system for the micro-grid comprises a sensor module, an intelligent control module, energy storage equipment and an energy conversion module, and relates to the technical field of energy storage and micro-grids. The system can quickly respond when photovoltaic power generation fluctuates or loads change, smooth electric energy output, reduce fluctuation of voltage and frequency, guarantee stable operation of a microgrid, improve stability of the microgrid, store electric energy when the electric energy is excessive and release the electric energy when the electric energy is insufficient according to real-time data and a preset strategy, maximally utilize photovoltaic energy, reduce energy waste, and reduce energy consumption. The energy utilization efficiency is optimized, and reasonable charging and discharging management is beneficial for reducing excessive charging and discharging of the energy storage equipment, reducing battery loss and prolonging the service life of the energy storage equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage and microgrid, and in particular to a distributed photovoltaic energy storage method and system for a microgrid. Background Art

[0002] In today's energy field, with the rapid development of distributed photovoltaic power generation technology, its application in microgrids is becoming more and more extensive. However, the existing distributed photovoltaic energy storage methods and systems for microgrids face a series of severe challenges.

[0003] In terms of energy management, existing energy storage systems often lack accurate prediction and real-time monitoring capabilities, making it difficult to accurately judge the dynamic balance between photovoltaic power generation and load demand, resulting in unreasonable energy distribution. Sometimes there will be excess waste of electricity, and sometimes there will be electricity shortages that affect the stable operation of the microgrid.

[0004] In terms of efficiency, the energy conversion efficiency of some energy storage systems is low, and there is a large energy loss in the process of storing and releasing electric energy, which not only reduces the energy utilization efficiency, but also increases the operating cost of the system.

[0005] In terms of adaptability, some existing system architectures are relatively rigid, making it difficult to flexibly adjust and optimize configurations based on microgrids of different sizes, diverse load characteristics, and complex and changeable energy distribution situations, and are unable to fully leverage the advantages of distributed photovoltaic power generation.

[0006] In addition, existing energy storage systems also have shortcomings in battery life management. Overcharging and discharging are relatively common, which seriously affects the service life of energy storage equipment and increases maintenance costs and replacement frequency. At the same time, some systems have problems with low accuracy and large delays in data collection and transmission, resulting in the control system being unable to obtain accurate information in a timely manner, affecting the timeliness and accuracy of decision-making. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to overcome the existing problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a distributed photovoltaic energy storage method and system for a microgrid. Through effective energy storage and intelligent energy management, it can respond quickly when photovoltaic power generation fluctuates or load changes, smooth the power output, reduce voltage and frequency fluctuations, ensure the stable operation of the microgrid, and improve the stability of the microgrid. According to real-time data and preset strategies, it stores when there is excess power and releases when there is insufficient power, maximizes the use of photovoltaic energy, reduces energy waste, and optimizes energy utilization efficiency. Reasonable charge and discharge management helps to reduce excessive charging and discharging of energy storage equipment, reduce battery loss, and extend its service life.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the embodiment of the present application to solve the technical problem is:

[0009] A distributed photovoltaic energy storage method and system for a microgrid, the distributed photovoltaic energy storage method for a microgrid comprising the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Use high-precision sensor modules to collect the power generation, voltage, and current data of distributed photovoltaic panels in real time, and collect the power demand of the load in the microgrid and the power, voltage, and temperature status information of the energy storage equipment;

[0011] Step 2: The collected data is transmitted to the intelligent control module, and the preset algorithms and strategies in the system conduct a comprehensive analysis on the data, and the analysis process fully considers the weather forecast data and electricity price fluctuation information;

[0012] Step 3: The intelligent control module conducts a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of these data based on the algorithms and strategies preset in the system, taking into full consideration weather forecast data and electricity price fluctuation information during the analysis process;

[0013] Step 4: When it is determined that the photovoltaic panels generate sufficient electricity and the microgrid load demand is small, the intelligent control module accurately controls the energy storage device to charge and properly store the excess electricity;

[0014] Step 5: Prioritize lithium-ion batteries for deep energy storage, while using supercapacitors to absorb and release short-term energy fluctuations;

[0015] Step 6: When the microgrid load is at its peak, or the photovoltaic panels are not generating enough electricity, the intelligent control module controls the energy storage device to discharge and replenish the pre-stored electric energy to the microgrid in time, thereby maintaining a stable power supply for the microgrid.

[0016] Preferably, the energy conversion module converts the voltage level and the form of electrical energy according to the real-time needs of the microgrid and the output characteristics of the energy storage device, so as to ensure that the converted electrical energy meets the requirements of each load device in the microgrid and realizes the smooth flow and efficient use of electrical energy.

[0017] Taking full account of weather forecast data, evaluating possible changes in photovoltaic power generation in the future, analyzing electricity price fluctuation information, and determining the optimal time for energy storage and release to reduce electricity costs, according to the above comprehensive analysis, when the photovoltaic panels generate sufficient electricity and the microgrid load demand is small, the intelligent control module determines that there is a surplus of electricity, and prioritizes starting the lithium-ion battery for deep charging to store the excess electricity for a long time. At the same time, supercapacitors are used to quickly absorb short-term energy fluctuations and balance the system. When the microgrid load is at its peak or the photovoltaic panels generate insufficient electricity, the intelligent control module quickly switches to discharge mode based on real-time data and preset strategies, prioritizes releasing the electricity stored in the supercapacitor to meet the instantaneous high power demand, and then gradually calls on the electricity stored in the lithium-ion battery to supplement the microgrid to maintain stable power supply.

[0018] The distributed photovoltaic energy storage system of the microgrid includes a sensor module, an intelligent control module, an energy storage device, and an energy conversion module;

[0019] The sensor module is used to collect the power generation, voltage, and current data of the distributed photovoltaic panels in real time and accurately, as well as the power demand of the loads in the microgrid and the power, voltage, and temperature status information of the energy storage equipment, and transmit the collected data accurately to the intelligent control module;

[0020] The intelligent control module is used to perform a comprehensive analysis of the received data according to preset algorithms and strategies, and accurately control the charging and discharging of the energy storage device;

[0021] The energy storage device includes a lithium-ion battery and a supercapacitor, wherein the lithium-ion battery is used for deep energy storage and the supercapacitor is used for rapid absorption and release of short-term energy fluctuations;

[0022] Preferably, the energy conversion module is used to achieve efficient conversion of different voltage levels and forms of electrical energy according to the needs of the microgrid and the characteristics of the energy storage device, thereby ensuring the smooth flow and rational use of electrical energy.

[0023] Preferably, the intelligent control module pre-processes the data, including removing noise and outliers, and combines historical data with real-time data to analyze the trend of photovoltaic panel power generation, the changing pattern of load demand, and the performance status of the energy storage device.

[0024] Preferably, when the energy conversion module is in operation, when the photovoltaic panel generates sufficient electricity and the microgrid load demand is small, the intelligent control module controls the energy storage device to charge and stores excess electrical energy. When the photovoltaic panel generates sufficient electricity and the microgrid load demand is small, the intelligent control module determines that there is a surplus of electricity at this time, and controls the energy storage device to charge and store excess electrical energy, giving priority to using lithium-ion batteries for deep energy storage. When the energy conversion module is in operation, when the microgrid load is at a peak or the photovoltaic panel generates insufficient electricity, the intelligent control module controls the energy storage device to discharge and replenish the stored electrical energy to the microgrid to maintain a stable power supply for the microgrid, and the supercapacitor is used to quickly absorb and release short-term energy fluctuations.

[0025] Preferably, the system also includes a system monitoring and optimization module for continuously monitoring the operating status of the entire system, including the working parameters, efficiency, and fault conditions of each module, and dynamically adjusting and optimizing the preset algorithms and strategies based on the actual operating data to improve the performance and adaptability of the system. The system monitoring and optimization module includes uploading the real-time operating data of the system to a remote server via the network. Operation and maintenance personnel can remotely access the system via the Internet to obtain detailed operating information and data analysis reports, and support remote control operations, such as adjusting parameters and initiating emergency measures. The system has self-diagnosis and fault warning functions, which are used to detect potential problems in advance and notify operation and maintenance personnel.

[0026] The advantages of the embodiments of the present application are:

[0027] 1. Through effective energy storage and intelligent energy management, it can respond quickly to fluctuations in photovoltaic power generation or changes in load, smooth power output, reduce voltage and frequency fluctuations, ensure the stable operation of the microgrid, and improve the stability of the microgrid. According to real-time data and preset strategies, it can store electricity when there is excess energy and release it when it is insufficient, maximize the use of photovoltaic energy, reduce energy waste, and optimize energy utilization efficiency. Reasonable charge and discharge management helps to reduce excessive charge and discharge of energy storage equipment, reduce battery loss, and extend its service life.

[0028] 2. The intelligent control system and distributed architecture enable the system to be flexibly configured and optimized according to different microgrid scales, load characteristics and energy distribution, and flexibly adapt to different scenarios. The remote monitoring and management functions facilitate operation and maintenance personnel to timely grasp the system operation status, conduct remote diagnosis and operation, improve operation and maintenance efficiency, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0029] 3. The energy conversion module plays a key role in the whole process. It can realize efficient conversion of different voltage levels and forms of electrical energy according to the needs of the microgrid and the characteristics of the energy storage equipment, ensuring the smooth flow and rational use of electrical energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process framework of the distributed photovoltaic energy storage method for microgrids of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the process framework of the distributed photovoltaic energy storage system for microgrids of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, for the convenience of description below, the referenced "upper", "lower", "left", and "right" are the same as the upper, lower, left, and right directions of the drawings themselves. The "first", "second", etc. below are distinguished for the description and have no other special meanings.

[0034] The embodiment of the present application solves the problems in the prior art by providing a distributed photovoltaic energy storage method and system for a microgrid. Through effective energy storage and intelligent energy management, it can respond quickly when photovoltaic power generation fluctuates or load changes, smooth the power output, reduce voltage and frequency fluctuations, ensure the stable operation of the microgrid, and improve the stability of the microgrid. According to real-time data and preset strategies, it stores when there is excess power and releases when there is insufficient power, so as to maximize the use of photovoltaic energy, reduce energy waste, and optimize energy utilization efficiency. Reasonable charge and discharge management helps to reduce excessive charge and discharge of energy storage equipment, reduce battery loss, and extend its service life. The intelligent control system and distributed architecture enable the system to be flexibly configured and optimized according to different microgrid scales, load characteristics, and energy distribution, and flexibly adapt to different scenarios. The remote monitoring and management functions facilitate operation and maintenance personnel to timely grasp the system operation status, perform remote diagnosis and operation, improve operation and maintenance efficiency, and reduce maintenance costs. The energy conversion module plays a key role in the whole process. It can realize efficient conversion of different voltage levels and power forms according to the needs of the microgrid and the characteristics of the energy storage equipment, and ensure the smooth flow and reasonable use of power.

[0035] The technical solution in the embodiment of the present application is to solve the above problems, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0036] Example 1

[0037] This embodiment provides a specific structure of a distributed photovoltaic energy storage method and system for a microgrid, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the distributed photovoltaic energy storage method of the microgrid includes the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Use high-precision sensor modules to collect the power generation, voltage, and current data of distributed photovoltaic panels in real time, and collect the power demand of the load in the microgrid and the power, voltage, and temperature status information of the energy storage equipment;

[0039] Step 2: The collected data is transmitted to the intelligent control module, and the preset algorithms and strategies in the system conduct a comprehensive analysis on the data, and the analysis process fully considers the weather forecast data and electricity price fluctuation information;

[0040] Step 3: The intelligent control module conducts a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of these data based on the algorithms and strategies preset in the system, taking into full consideration weather forecast data and electricity price fluctuation information during the analysis process;

[0041] Step 4: When it is determined that the photovoltaic panels generate sufficient electricity and the microgrid load demand is small, the intelligent control module accurately controls the energy storage device to charge and properly store the excess electricity;

[0042] Step 5: Prioritize lithium-ion batteries for deep energy storage, while using supercapacitors to absorb and release short-term energy fluctuations;

[0043] Step 6: When the microgrid load is at its peak, or the photovoltaic panels are not generating enough electricity, the intelligent control module controls the energy storage device to discharge and replenish the pre-stored electric energy to the microgrid in time, thereby maintaining a stable power supply for the microgrid.

[0044] The energy conversion module converts the voltage level and form of electrical energy according to the real-time needs of the microgrid and the output characteristics of the energy storage device, to ensure that the converted electrical energy meets the requirements of each load device in the microgrid and achieves smooth flow and efficient use of electrical energy.

[0045] Taking full account of weather forecast data, evaluating possible changes in photovoltaic power generation in the future, analyzing electricity price fluctuation information, and determining the optimal time for energy storage and release to reduce electricity costs, according to the above comprehensive analysis, when the photovoltaic panels generate sufficient electricity and the microgrid load demand is small, the intelligent control module determines that there is a surplus of electricity, and prioritizes starting the lithium-ion battery for deep charging to store the excess electricity for a long time. At the same time, supercapacitors are used to quickly absorb short-term energy fluctuations and balance the system. When the microgrid load is at its peak or the photovoltaic panels generate insufficient electricity, the intelligent control module quickly switches to discharge mode based on real-time data and preset strategies, prioritizes releasing the electricity stored in the supercapacitor to meet the instantaneous high power demand, and then gradually calls on the electricity stored in the lithium-ion battery to supplement the microgrid to maintain stable power supply.

[0046] The distributed photovoltaic energy storage system of the microgrid includes a sensor module, an intelligent control module, an energy storage device, and an energy conversion module;

[0047] The sensor module is used to collect the power generation, voltage, and current data of the distributed photovoltaic panels in real time and accurately, as well as the power demand of the loads in the microgrid and the power, voltage, and temperature status information of the energy storage equipment, and transmit the collected data accurately to the intelligent control module;

[0048] Intelligent control module, which is used to conduct comprehensive analysis of received data according to preset algorithms and strategies, and accurately control the charging and discharging of energy storage devices;

[0049] Energy storage devices, including lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors, where lithium-ion batteries are used for deep energy storage and supercapacitors are used to quickly absorb and release short-term energy fluctuations;

[0050] The energy conversion module is used to achieve efficient conversion of different voltage levels and forms of electrical energy according to the needs of the microgrid and the characteristics of the energy storage equipment, ensuring the smooth flow and rational use of electrical energy.

[0051] The intelligent control module pre-processes the data, including removing noise and outliers, and combines historical data with real-time data to analyze the trend of photovoltaic panel power generation, the changing pattern of load demand, and the performance status of energy storage equipment.

[0052] When the energy conversion module is in operation, when the photovoltaic panels generate sufficient electricity and the microgrid load demand is small, the intelligent control module controls the energy storage device to charge and store the excess electricity. When the photovoltaic panels generate sufficient electricity and the microgrid load demand is small, the intelligent control module determines that there is a surplus of electricity at this time, and controls the energy storage device to charge and store the excess electricity. Lithium-ion batteries are used for deep energy storage first. When the energy conversion module is in operation, when the microgrid load is at its peak or the photovoltaic panels generate insufficient electricity, the intelligent control module controls the energy storage device to discharge and replenish the stored electricity to the microgrid to maintain a stable power supply for the microgrid. The supercapacitor is used to quickly absorb and release short-term energy fluctuations.

[0053] It also includes a system monitoring and optimization module, which is used to continuously monitor the operating status of the entire system, including the working parameters, efficiency, and fault conditions of each module. According to the actual operating data, the preset algorithms and strategies are dynamically adjusted and optimized to improve the performance and adaptability of the system. The system monitoring and optimization module includes uploading the real-time operating data of the system to a remote server via the network. Operation and maintenance personnel can remotely access the system via the Internet to obtain detailed operating information and data analysis reports. It supports remote control operations, such as adjusting parameters and initiating emergency measures. The system has self-diagnosis and fault warning functions, which are used to detect potential problems in advance and notify operation and maintenance personnel.

[0054] By adopting the above technical solution:

[0055] The distributed photovoltaic energy storage system of the present invention is applied in a microgrid of a small industrial park.

[0056] The microgrid is equipped with distributed photovoltaic panels of a certain scale and energy storage devices consisting of lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors. High-precision sensors collect real-time data on the photovoltaic panel power generation of 100kW, while the load demand was only 60kW. After analyzing the data, the intelligent control module determines that there is a surplus of electricity, controls the charging of the energy storage device, and stores 40kW of electricity, of which 30kW is stored in the lithium-ion battery and 10kW is stored in the supercapacitor.

[0057] In the afternoon, the load demand rose to 90kW, while the photovoltaic panel power generation dropped to 50kW. The intelligent control module responded quickly, controlling the energy storage device to discharge and replenish 40kW of electricity, maintaining the stable power supply of the microgrid with minimal voltage and frequency fluctuations.

[0058] In this way, the microgrid achieves efficient energy utilization and reduces energy waste by about 15% within a day.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] This embodiment provides a specific structure of a distributed photovoltaic energy storage method and system for a microgrid, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the distributed photovoltaic energy storage method of the microgrid includes the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Use high-precision sensor modules to collect the power generation, voltage, and current data of distributed photovoltaic panels in real time, and collect the power demand of the load in the microgrid and the power, voltage, and temperature status information of the energy storage equipment;

[0062] Step 2: The collected data is transmitted to the intelligent control module, and the preset algorithms and strategies in the system conduct a comprehensive analysis on the data, and the analysis process fully considers the weather forecast data and electricity price fluctuation information;

[0063] Step 3: The intelligent control module conducts a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of these data based on the algorithms and strategies preset in the system, taking into full consideration weather forecast data and electricity price fluctuation information during the analysis process;

[0064] Step 4: When it is determined that the photovoltaic panels generate sufficient electricity and the microgrid load demand is small, the intelligent control module accurately controls the energy storage device to charge and properly store the excess electricity;

[0065] Step 5: Prioritize lithium-ion batteries for deep energy storage, while using supercapacitors to absorb and release short-term energy fluctuations;

[0066] Step 6: When the microgrid load is at its peak, or the photovoltaic panels are not generating enough electricity, the intelligent control module controls the energy storage device to discharge and replenish the pre-stored electric energy to the microgrid in time, thereby maintaining a stable power supply for the microgrid.

[0067] The energy conversion module converts the voltage level and form of electrical energy according to the real-time needs of the microgrid and the output characteristics of the energy storage device, to ensure that the converted electrical energy meets the requirements of each load device in the microgrid and achieves smooth flow and efficient use of electrical energy.

[0068] Taking full account of weather forecast data, evaluating possible changes in photovoltaic power generation in the future, analyzing electricity price fluctuation information, and determining the optimal time for energy storage and release to reduce electricity costs, according to the above comprehensive analysis, when the photovoltaic panels generate sufficient electricity and the microgrid load demand is small, the intelligent control module determines that there is a surplus of electricity, and prioritizes starting the lithium-ion battery for deep charging to store the excess electricity for a long time. At the same time, supercapacitors are used to quickly absorb short-term energy fluctuations and balance the system. When the microgrid load is at its peak or the photovoltaic panels generate insufficient electricity, the intelligent control module quickly switches to discharge mode based on real-time data and preset strategies, prioritizes releasing the electricity stored in the supercapacitor to meet the instantaneous high power demand, and then gradually calls on the electricity stored in the lithium-ion battery to supplement the microgrid to maintain stable power supply.

[0069] The distributed photovoltaic energy storage system of the microgrid includes a sensor module, an intelligent control module, an energy storage device, and an energy conversion module;

[0070] The sensor module is used to collect the power generation, voltage, and current data of the distributed photovoltaic panels in real time and accurately, as well as the power demand of the loads in the microgrid and the power, voltage, and temperature status information of the energy storage equipment, and transmit the collected data accurately to the intelligent control module;

[0071] Intelligent control module, which is used to conduct comprehensive analysis of received data according to preset algorithms and strategies, and accurately control the charging and discharging of energy storage devices;

[0072] Energy storage devices, including lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors, where lithium-ion batteries are used for deep energy storage and supercapacitors are used to quickly absorb and release short-term energy fluctuations;

[0073] The energy conversion module is used to achieve efficient conversion of different voltage levels and forms of electrical energy according to the needs of the microgrid and the characteristics of the energy storage equipment, ensuring the smooth flow and rational use of electrical energy.

[0074] The intelligent control module pre-processes the data, including removing noise and outliers, and combines historical data with real-time data to analyze the trend of photovoltaic panel power generation, the changing pattern of load demand, and the performance status of energy storage equipment.

[0075] When the energy conversion module is in operation, when the photovoltaic panels generate sufficient electricity and the microgrid load demand is small, the intelligent control module controls the energy storage device to charge and store the excess electricity. When the photovoltaic panels generate sufficient electricity and the microgrid load demand is small, the intelligent control module determines that there is a surplus of electricity at this time, and controls the energy storage device to charge and store the excess electricity. Lithium-ion batteries are used for deep energy storage first. When the energy conversion module is in operation, when the microgrid load is at its peak or the photovoltaic panels generate insufficient electricity, the intelligent control module controls the energy storage device to discharge and replenish the stored electricity to the microgrid to maintain a stable power supply for the microgrid. The supercapacitor is used to quickly absorb and release short-term energy fluctuations.

[0076] It also includes a system monitoring and optimization module, which is used to continuously monitor the operating status of the entire system, including the working parameters, efficiency, and fault conditions of each module. According to the actual operating data, the preset algorithms and strategies are dynamically adjusted and optimized to improve the performance and adaptability of the system. The system monitoring and optimization module includes uploading the real-time operating data of the system to a remote server via the network. Operation and maintenance personnel can remotely access the system via the Internet to obtain detailed operating information and data analysis reports. It supports remote control operations, such as adjusting parameters and initiating emergency measures. The system has self-diagnosis and fault warning functions, which are used to detect potential problems in advance and notify operation and maintenance personnel.

[0077] By adopting the above technical solution:

[0078] In a microgrid project in a large community, the distributed photovoltaic energy storage system of the present invention is deployed.

[0079] The community's electricity load varies greatly during the day and at night, and electricity prices also have peak and valley periods. Based on real-time data and electricity price fluctuation information, the system stores a large amount of electricity in energy storage devices when electricity prices are low during the day and photovoltaic power generation is sufficient.

[0080] At night, when electricity consumption is at its peak and electricity prices are high, energy storage equipment is used to discharge and supply electricity, reducing the overall electricity cost of the community. At the same time, the system's remote monitoring function enables operation and maintenance personnel to grasp the system status in real time, handle a potential fault in a timely manner, and avoid power outages.

[0081] After a period of operation, the service life of the energy storage equipment was extended by about 20% compared with similar systems, saving the community a lot of maintenance and replacement costs.

[0082] Working principle:

[0083] The system first uses high-precision sensor modules to collect real-time data such as the power generation power, voltage, current, etc. of distributed photovoltaic panels, as well as the power demand of the loads in the microgrid and the power, voltage, temperature and other status information of the energy storage equipment.

[0084] The collected data is transmitted to the intelligent control module, and the preset algorithms and strategies in the system will conduct a comprehensive analysis of the data. During the analysis process, weather forecast data and electricity price fluctuation information will be fully considered.

[0085] When the photovoltaic panels generate sufficient electricity and the microgrid load demand is small, the intelligent control module determines that there is a surplus of electricity at this time, and controls the energy storage device to charge and store the excess electricity. For example, lithium-ion batteries are used for deep energy storage, and supercapacitors are used to quickly absorb and release short-term energy fluctuations.

[0086] When the microgrid load is at its peak or the photovoltaic panels are not generating enough electricity, the intelligent control module controls the discharge of the energy storage device based on real-time data and preset strategies, and replenishes the stored electrical energy into the microgrid to maintain a stable power supply for the microgrid.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that: Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clearly explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived from this are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed photovoltaic energy storage method for a microgrid, characterized in that: The distributed photovoltaic energy storage method for microgrids includes the following steps: Step 1: Use high-precision sensor modules to collect the power generation, voltage, and current data of distributed photovoltaic panels in real time, and collect the power demand of the load in the microgrid and the power, voltage, and temperature status information of the energy storage equipment; Step 2: Transmit the collected data to the intelligent control module; Step 3: The intelligent control module conducts a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of these data based on the algorithms and strategies preset in the system, taking into full consideration weather forecast data and electricity price fluctuation information during the analysis process; Step 4: When it is determined that the photovoltaic panels generate sufficient electricity and the microgrid load demand is small, the intelligent control module accurately controls the energy storage device to charge and properly store the excess electricity; Step 5: Prioritize lithium-ion batteries for deep energy storage, while using supercapacitors to absorb and release short-term energy fluctuations; Step 6: When the microgrid load is at its peak, or the photovoltaic panels are not generating enough electricity, the intelligent control module controls the energy storage device to discharge and replenish the pre-stored electric energy to the microgrid in time, thereby maintaining a stable power supply for the microgrid.

2. A distributed photovoltaic energy storage method for a microgrid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, the collected data is transmitted to the intelligent control module, and the preset algorithms and strategies in the system perform a comprehensive analysis on the data, and the analysis process fully considers weather forecast data and electricity price fluctuation information.

3. A distributed photovoltaic energy storage method for a microgrid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The energy conversion module converts the voltage level and the form of electrical energy according to the real-time needs of the microgrid and the output characteristics of the energy storage device, so as to ensure that the converted electrical energy meets the requirements of each load device in the microgrid and realizes the smooth flow and efficient use of electrical energy.

4. A distributed photovoltaic energy storage system for a microgrid, implemented by a distributed photovoltaic energy storage method for a microgrid as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The distributed photovoltaic energy storage system of the microgrid includes a sensor module, an intelligent control module, an energy storage device, and an energy conversion module; The sensor module is used to collect the power generation, voltage, and current data of the distributed photovoltaic panels in real time and accurately, as well as the power demand of the loads in the microgrid and the power, voltage, and temperature status information of the energy storage equipment, and transmit the collected data accurately to the intelligent control module; The intelligent control module is used to perform a comprehensive analysis of the received data according to preset algorithms and strategies, and accurately control the charging and discharging of the energy storage device; The energy storage device includes a lithium-ion battery and a supercapacitor, wherein the lithium-ion battery is used for deep energy storage and the supercapacitor is used for rapid absorption and release of short-term energy fluctuations; The energy conversion module is used to achieve efficient conversion of different voltage levels and forms of electric energy according to the needs of the microgrid and the characteristics of the energy storage device, thereby ensuring the smooth flow and rational use of electric energy.

5. A distributed photovoltaic energy storage system for a microgrid as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The intelligent control module pre-processes the data, including removing noise and outliers, and combines historical data with real-time data to analyze the trend of photovoltaic panel power generation, the changing pattern of load demand, and the performance status of energy storage equipment.

6. A distributed photovoltaic energy storage system for a microgrid as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The energy conversion module is in operation. When the photovoltaic panel generates sufficient electricity and the microgrid load demand is small, the intelligent control module controls the energy storage device to charge and store excess electrical energy.

7. A distributed photovoltaic energy storage system for a microgrid as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: When the energy conversion module is in operation, when the microgrid load is at a peak or the photovoltaic panel generates insufficient power, the intelligent control module controls the energy storage device to discharge and replenish the stored electrical energy into the microgrid to maintain a stable power supply for the microgrid.

8. A distributed photovoltaic energy storage system for a microgrid as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The system also includes a system monitoring and optimization module, which is used to continuously monitor the operating status of the entire system, including the working parameters, efficiency, and fault conditions of each module, and dynamically adjust and optimize the preset algorithms and strategies according to the actual operating data to improve the performance and adaptability of the system.

9. A distributed photovoltaic energy storage system for a microgrid as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The system monitoring and optimization module includes uploading the real-time operation data of the system to a remote server through the network. Operation and maintenance personnel can remotely access the system through the Internet to obtain detailed operation information and data analysis reports, and support remote control operations such as adjusting parameters and initiating emergency measures.

10. A distributed photovoltaic energy storage system for a microgrid as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The system has self-diagnosis and fault warning functions, which can be used to detect potential problems in advance and notify operation and maintenance personnel.

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