Thermoelectric power generation device based on vertical reversible heat transfer

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermoelectric power generation device based on vertical reversible heat transfer. The thermoelectric power generation device is buried in railway accessory structure concrete or between the concrete and the ground. The first heat-conducting plate and the second heat-conducting plate are arranged in parallel up and down; at least one gravity type heat pipe and at least one loop heat pipe are arranged between the first heat-conducting plate and the second heat-conducting plate, a first condensation section on the upper portion of the gravity type heat pipe is connected with the first heat-conducting plate, a first evaporation section on the lower portion of the gravity type heat pipe is connected with the second heat-conducting plate, and a first heat insulation section is arranged in the middle of the gravity type heat pipe. A second evaporation section at the upper part of the loop heat pipe is connected with the first heat-conducting plate, a second condensation section at the lower part is connected with the second heat-conducting plate, and a second heat-insulating section is arranged in the middle; and the lower part of the second heat-conducting plate is in contact with the plurality of thermoelectric power generation sheets. Efficient and reversible conduction of heat in the concrete is achieved through the heat pipe technology, heat energy in the railway concrete is converted into electric energy, and the device can work all the year round.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of power generation devices, and in particular to a temperature difference power generation device based on vertical reversible heat transfer. Background Art

[0002] In most areas covered by the railway network, in summer, under the continuous action of solar radiation, the surface temperature of concrete can exceed 70°C, a large amount of heat is absorbed by the concrete and accumulated on the surface, the surface temperature of the concrete is higher than the internal temperature, and the temperature difference between the surface and the interior increases with the increase of the depth gradient, and the average positive temperature gradient is about 0.5°C / cm. In winter, affected by the air temperature, the surface temperature of the concrete is lower than the internal temperature, and the temperature difference between the surface and the interior increases with the increase of the depth gradient, and the average negative temperature gradient is about -0.25°C / cm.

[0003] Thermoelectric power generation technology can use the temperature difference between the surface and the interior of concrete to convert thermal energy into electrical energy, and the output voltage of thermoelectric power generation is proportional to the temperature difference. Given that the internal temperature difference of concrete increases with the increase of depth gradient, a stable and efficient heat transfer device can effectively increase the power generation.

[0004] Heat pipe technology Heat pipe is a heat transfer technology that quickly transfers heat energy between objects through the phase change of the working fluid in the pipe. This technology has the advantages of excellent heat transfer performance, weak heat loss and super environmental adaptability. The stable and efficient heat transfer of heat pipe heat transfer technology can provide a stable and sufficiently high temperature difference for thermoelectric power generation technology, thereby improving the efficiency of thermoelectric power generation.

[0005] The existing patent CN202116965U discloses a thermoelectric conversion device for heat transfer of asphalt concrete roads, which utilizes the internal temperature of asphalt concrete and uses a heat pipe to convert the transferred heat into electrical energy. Since the gravity heat pipe used can only work when the hot end is below the cold end, or work horizontally, the invention can only achieve the purpose of establishing a temperature difference by placing the heat pipe horizontally and additionally establishing a heat absorption box and a constant temperature box; this undoubtedly complicates the entire power generation device and increases the cost.

[0006] Existing patent CN220383457U discloses a reverse gravity loop heat pipe radiator, which utilizes the heat conduction technology of the loop heat pipe and can be used in an environment where the hot end is at the bottom and the cold end is at the top. However, the evaporation end and the condensation section of the loop heat pipe are fixed, and the heat conduction direction is irreversible. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the problem that the temperature gradient inside railway concrete alternates between positive and negative with the seasons and the thermal conductivity of concrete is poor, it is difficult to establish a stable large temperature difference at both ends of a thin layer of temperature difference power generation sheets. The present invention provides a temperature difference power generation device based on vertical reversible heat transfer, which uses heat pipe technology to achieve efficient reversible conduction of heat inside concrete, converts the thermal energy inside the railway concrete into electrical energy, and can work all year round.

[0008] The invention discloses a temperature difference power generation device based on vertical reversible heat transfer, wherein the temperature difference power generation device is buried in concrete of a railway auxiliary structure or between concrete and the ground; the temperature difference power generation device comprises: a first heat conducting plate and a second heat conducting plate arranged in parallel up and down;

[0009] At least one gravity heat pipe and at least one loop heat pipe are arranged between the first heat conducting plate and the second heat conducting plate, wherein the first condensing section at the upper part of the gravity heat pipe is connected to the first heat conducting plate, the first evaporating section at the lower part is connected to the second heat conducting plate, and the first insulation section is arranged in the middle; the second evaporating section at the upper part of the loop heat pipe is connected to the first heat conducting plate, the second condensing section at the lower part is connected to the second heat conducting plate, and the second insulation section is arranged in the middle;

[0010] The lower portion of the second heat conducting plate is in contact with a plurality of thermoelectric power generation sheets.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first heat conducting plate and the second heat conducting plate are copper plates.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the upper surface of the first heat conducting plate is 0 to 5 cm away from the upper surface of the concrete, the distance between the first heat conducting plate and the second heat conducting plate is 30 to 50 cm, and the second heat conducting plate is buried in the concrete or in the soil below the concrete.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of the gravity heat pipes and a plurality of the loop heat pipes are arranged at intervals between the first heat conducting plate and the second heat conducting plate.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of the thermoelectric power generation sheets are placed horizontally in parallel and connected in series and / or in parallel via wires.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention utilizes heat pipe technology to achieve efficient vertical reversible heat conduction inside concrete, converting the thermal energy inside railway concrete into electrical energy, so that the temperature difference power generation sheet can maintain a large temperature difference throughout the year, improve the power generation voltage, and increase the power generation capacity; as a renewable energy source, it can be used for stable power supply of railway sensors throughout the year and can be promoted and applied on a large scale. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1It is a structural diagram of a temperature difference power generation device based on vertical reversible heat transfer disclosed in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Structural diagram of medium gravity heat pipe;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Structural diagram of the mid-loop heat pipe.

[0020] In the figure:

[0021] 1. Gravity heat pipe; 1-1. First condensation section; 1-2. First insulation section; 1-3. First evaporation section; 2. Loop heat pipe; 2-1. Second evaporation section; 2-2. Second insulation section; 2-3. Second condensation section; 3. First heat conduction plate; 4. Second heat conduction plate; 5. Temperature difference power generation sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0024] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides a temperature difference power generation device based on vertical reversible heat transfer, which is buried in the concrete of a railway auxiliary structure or between the concrete and the ground; it includes: a first heat conducting plate 3 and a second heat conducting plate 4 arranged in parallel up and down, preferably the first heat conducting plate 3 and the second heat conducting plate 4 are copper plates, the upper surface of the first heat conducting plate 3 is 0 to 5 cm away from the upper surface of the concrete, the spacing between the first heat conducting plate 3 and the second heat conducting plate 4 is 30 to 50 cm, and the first heat conducting plate 3 and the second heat conducting plate 4 are buried in the concrete or the soil below the concrete.

[0025] At least one gravity heat pipe 1 and at least one loop heat pipe 2 are arranged between the first heat conducting plate 3 and the second heat conducting plate 4. Preferably, multiple gravity heat pipes 1 of the first heat conducting plate 3 and multiple loop heat pipes 2 of the first heat conducting plate 3 are arranged at intervals between the first heat conducting plate 3 and the second heat conducting plate 4. Preferably, the horizontal position distribution spacing of the gravity heat pipe 1 and the loop heat pipe 2 is 20 cm. The first condensation section 1-1 of the gravity heat pipe 1 of the first heat conducting plate 3 is connected to the first heat conducting plate 3, the first evaporation section 1-3 of the lower part is connected to the first heat conducting plate 3 and the second heat conducting plate 4, and the first insulation section 1-2 is arranged in the middle. The second evaporation section 2-1 of the loop heat pipe 2 of the first heat conducting plate 3 is connected to the first heat conducting plate 3, the second condensation section 2-3 of the lower part is connected to the first heat conducting plate 3 and the second heat conducting plate 4, and the second insulation section 2-2 is arranged in the middle. The lower part of the first heat conducting plate 3 and the second heat conducting plate 4 is in contact with a plurality of thermoelectric power generation sheets 5. The plurality of first heat conducting plates 3 and thermoelectric power generation sheets 5 are horizontally arranged in parallel and connected in series and / or in parallel through wires.

[0026] Specific:

[0027] The present invention provides a temperature difference power generation device based on vertical reversible heat transfer, comprising a gravity heat pipe 1 and a loop heat pipe 2, wherein the first heat conducting plate 3 of the gravity heat pipe 1 is 40 cm high, the upper first condensation section 1-1 is in contact with the first heat conducting plate 3 (heat conducting copper plate), the lower first evaporation section 1-3 is in contact with the second heat conducting plate 4 (heat conducting copper plate), and the middle part is the first insulation section 1-2; the first heat conducting plate 3 of the loop heat pipe 2 is 40 cm high, the upper second evaporation section 2-1 is in contact with the first heat conducting plate 3 (heat conducting copper plate), the lower second condensation section 2-3 is in contact with the second heat conducting plate 4 (heat conducting copper plate), and the middle part is the second insulation section 2-2; the dimensions of the first heat conducting plate 3 and the second heat conducting plate 4 are both 1 m long, 1 m wide and 3 mm thick; the first heat conducting plate 3 of the gravity heat pipe 1 and the loop heat pipe 2 are 8 in number, which are alternately distributed in horizontal positions with a distribution spacing of 20 cm. The lower part of the first heat conducting plate 3 and the second heat conducting plate 4 is in contact with the thermoelectric power generation sheet 5; the length and width of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 5 of the first heat conducting plate 3 are 4cm*4cm and the thickness is 3mm; there are 400 thermoelectric power generation sheets 5 of the first heat conducting plate 3, which are placed horizontally in parallel, with every 20 connected in series as a group and 20 groups connected in parallel.

[0028] Specific implementation 1: The temperature difference power generation device is buried in the concrete of the railway auxiliary structure, wherein the upper surface of the first heat conducting plate 3 is 2 cm away from the upper surface of the concrete. In summer, under solar radiation, the surface of the concrete begins to heat up, and the heat is transferred to the second evaporation section 2-1 of the loop heat pipe 2 through the first heat conducting plate 3. The working fluid in the pipe absorbs heat and vaporizes into steam. Under the action of the air pressure difference, the steam flows to the second condensation section 2-3. After releasing heat in the condensation section, the steam condenses into liquid. Under the action of capillary pressure, it flows back along the pipe wall to the second evaporation section 2-1 to continue absorbing heat and evaporating. This cycle repeats, and the heat is transferred to the temperature difference power generation sheet through the second heat conducting plate 4. The lower part of the temperature difference power generation sheet is at a depth of about 42 cm in the concrete, and the temperature is relatively low, so a large temperature difference can be formed.

[0029] Specific implementation 2: The first heat conducting plate 3 temperature difference power generation device is buried in the concrete of the railway auxiliary structure, wherein the upper surface of the first heat conducting plate 3 is 2 cm away from the upper surface of the concrete. In winter, under the influence of the air temperature, the surface of the concrete starts to be low, while the temperature inside the concrete is high. The heat inside the concrete is transferred to the first evaporation section 1-3 of the gravity heat pipe 1 through the second heat conducting plate 4. The working fluid in the pipe absorbs heat and vaporizes into steam. Under the action of the air pressure difference, the steam flows to the first condensation section 1-1. After releasing heat in the condensation section, the steam condenses into liquid. Under the action of gravity, it flows back along the pipe wall to the first evaporation section 1-3 to continue absorbing heat and evaporating. This cycle repeats, transferring heat to the first heat conducting plate 3, forming a large temperature difference.

[0030] Embodiment 1: The temperature difference power generation device of the present invention is buried in concrete, wherein the upper surface of the first heat conducting plate 3 is 2 cm away from the upper surface of the concrete.

[0031] Comparative Example 1: Thermoelectric panels of the same specification were buried in concrete at the same depth.

[0032] In summer, when Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are placed under the same lighting conditions, at noon 13:00, when the temperature of the first heat conducting plate 3 reaches 41.5°C, the temperature of the second heat conducting plate 4 in the example reaches 38.6°C, the temperature below the thermoelectric power generation sheet is 24.3°C, and the temperature difference between the two ends of the thermoelectric power generation sheet can reach 14.3°C. The temperature difference between the two sides of the comparative example is only 1.5°C.

[0033] Embodiment 2: The temperature difference power generation device of the present invention is buried in concrete, wherein the upper surface of the first heat conducting plate 3 is 2 cm away from the upper surface of the concrete.

[0034] Comparative Example 2: Thermoelectric panels of the same specification were buried in concrete at the same depth.

[0035] In winter, when Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 are placed under the same lighting conditions, at 09:00 a.m., the temperature below the thermoelectric power generation sheet is -11.0°C, and when the temperature of the first heat conducting plate 3 reaches -19.2°C, the temperature of the second heat conducting plate 4 in the example reaches -13.4°C, and the temperature difference between the two ends of the thermoelectric power generation sheet can reach 2.4°C. However, the temperature difference between the two ends of Comparative Example 2 is only 0.4°C.

[0036] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature difference power generation device based on vertical reversible heat transfer, characterized in that: The first heat conducting plate 3 temperature difference power generation device is buried in the concrete of the railway auxiliary structure or between the concrete and the ground; It comprises: a first heat conducting plate and a second heat conducting plate arranged in parallel up and down; At least one gravity heat pipe and at least one loop heat pipe are arranged between the first heat conducting plate and the second heat conducting plate, wherein the first condensing section at the upper part of the gravity heat pipe is connected to the first heat conducting plate, the first evaporating section at the lower part is connected to the second heat conducting plate, and the first insulation section is arranged in the middle; the second evaporating section at the upper part of the loop heat pipe is connected to the first heat conducting plate, the second condensing section at the lower part is connected to the second heat conducting plate, and the second insulation section is arranged in the middle; The lower portion of the second heat conducting plate is in contact with a plurality of thermoelectric power generation sheets.

2. The temperature difference power generation device based on vertical reversible heat transfer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first heat conducting plate and the second heat conducting plate are copper plates.

3. The temperature difference power generation device based on vertical reversible heat transfer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the first heat conducting plate is 0-5 cm away from the upper surface of the concrete, the distance between the first heat conducting plate and the second heat conducting plate is 30-50 cm, and the second heat conducting plate is buried in the concrete or in the soil below the concrete.

4. The temperature difference power generation device based on vertical reversible heat transfer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of gravity heat pipes and the plurality of loop heat pipes are arranged at intervals between the first heat conducting plate and the second heat conducting plate.

5. The thermoelectric power generation device based on vertical reversible heat transfer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the thermoelectric power generation sheets are placed horizontally in parallel and connected in series and / or in parallel via conductive wires.

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