A marine solar power station and operation method
By designing a rollable overlapping movable lightweight hatch, the problem of cargo ships not being able to use solar power when loading and unloading cargo is solved, and the rapid installation of solar panels and providing electricity without affecting the load capacity is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411822252.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-01
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to realize the loading application of solar power generation on cargo ships, especially when frequent loading and unloading of goods, the installation of solar panels increases the weight of the ship, affecting the load capacity.
A group of movable light hatch covers in a rolling overlap form is designed, with solar power panels covered with solar power panels. When a ship needs to load or unload, the light hatch cover can be pulled to the front and rear ends of the ship, and the cargo hold hatch is fully opened; after loading and unloading, the hatch cover is distributed to the full cargo hatch, and the solar panels can directly generate electricity.
It realizes keeping the cargo hold open when the cargo ship loads and unloads the cargo, and quickly installs solar panels without affecting the load capacity, providing clean solar power for ship use.
Smart Images
Figure CN119743082A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine solar power generation, in particular to a marine solar power station and an operating method thereof. Background Art
[0002] With the development of economy and the progress of society, people have put forward higher and higher requirements for new energy. Finding new energy has become an urgent issue facing mankind. The existing sources of electric energy mainly include thermal power, hydropower and nuclear power, all of which have the following disadvantages.
[0003] 1. Thermal power generation requires the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and oil, but fossil energy reserves are limited. The more they are burned, the less they are, and they are facing the risk of depletion. In addition, combustion will emit carbon dioxide and sulfur oxides, leading to the greenhouse effect and acid rain, worsening the earth's environment.
[0004] 2. Hydropower requires flooding a large amount of land, causing damage to the ecological environment and the risk of reservoir collapse. Furthermore, water resources are limited and are greatly affected by seasonal changes.
[0006] The main characteristics of new energy are that it is abundant, inexhaustible, safe, environmentally friendly, and will not threaten the human environment. From history to today, the main new energy sources are: ① Solar energy and fuel cells. ② Wind power generation can be used as an auxiliary new energy source.
[0007] Among them, the most ideal new energy source is solar energy. As an external energy source, the solar energy that shines on the earth is very huge. According to reports, the solar energy that shines on the earth for about 40 minutes can provide energy consumption for the entire world's human population for a year. It is a truly inexhaustible energy source. Solar power generation is absolutely clean and will not produce any pollution.
[0008] In summary, solar power generation is internationally recognized as the most ideal new energy source.
[0009] The construction of solar power stations requires a large area for solar panels to be arranged. Large-scale solar panels have been installed in deserts and barren mountains on land, and photovoltaic power stations have also been built at sea. Ships are small, medium, or large marine and water equipment that can move. It is absolutely impossible to use cables to transmit solar or other clean energy on land and load them on ships.
[0010] However, compared with land-based equipment such as cars and trains, ships, whether small, medium or large, have huge main dimensions and a huge upper surface area exposed to the sun. How to use this favorable feature to realize the application of solar power generation on ships is in line with the current historical trend of new energy iteration.
[0011] Although there are currently some ship types that carry solar panels on the top of ro-ro ships, they are only suitable for ships with fixed roofs. As one of the types of ships, cargo ships must set up cargo holds to load cargo, so cargo loading and unloading is required. At this time, it is impossible to set up a fixed structure roof and carry fixed solar panels. At this time, it is necessary to consider the use of solar energy above the cargo hold to receive sunlight. It is necessary to design a hatch cover that can be removed when loading and unloading cargo, and a device that can quickly install solar photovoltaic panels outside of loading and unloading. In addition, another important factor that cargo ships need to consider is the load capacity. The load capacity is an important indicator for shipping companies to achieve sustainable development. If solar panels are installed, the weight of the ship will be increased to a certain extent, thereby reducing the ship's load capacity. Therefore, it is also necessary to solve the contradiction between lightweight devices and increased load capacity. Summary of the invention
[0012] In order to solve the current technical problems, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a ship-based solar power station and an operating method. This power station is formed by a group of multiple rolling and overlapping movable lightweight hatch covers, which are covered with solar panels. When the ship needs to load or unload cargo, the lightweight hatch cover is towed to the length of a hatch cover at any end of the front or rear end of the ship. In this way, the cargo hold hatch is basically fully opened, and cranes on shore or other loading and unloading methods can realize the lifting operation of the ship's cargo for loading and unloading; when the ship's cargo is loaded and unloaded, the multiple hatch cover groups overlapping in the length of a hatch cover are towed until they reach the hatch position to be covered, and the hatch covers are distributed over the entire cargo hatch; the solar panels covered on the hatch cover can directly see the sunlight and connect various parts of the power generation system, so that clean solar power can supply power to all electrical equipment.
[0013] In order to realize the above-mentioned technical features, the object of the present invention is achieved as follows: a marine solar power station comprises a hull, wherein the top of the main deck of the hull is fixedly provided with elevated overhanging decks which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right through an elevated structure, and the top of the elevated overhanging decks is movably provided with a plurality of sets of lightweight hatch covers in a rolling and overlapping arrangement; the tops of all lightweight hatch covers are respectively fully covered with solar power generation panels; after being fully unfolded, all lightweight hatch covers cover the upper space of the entire cargo hold through an overlapping manner, and generate electricity for the ship through the solar power generation panels; when the ship needs to load or unload cargo, all lightweight hatch covers are towed to within the length range of a single lightweight hatch cover at the front or rear end of the ship so that the cargo hold of the ship is fully opened for loading and unloading cargo of the ship.
[0014] The elevated structure includes a plurality of support columns and reinforced support columns that are staggered and symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top of the main deck, the tops of the support columns and reinforced support columns are fixed to the elevated overhanging deck, and the cross bracing truss structures are respectively fixed between the tops of the support columns and reinforced support columns on both sides; A baffle is fixed to the inner edge of the top of the elevated cantilever deck, and a railing is fixed to the outer edge of the top of the elevated cantilever deck.
[0015] A canopy deck solar panel is fixedly installed on the top of the canopy deck of the hull.
[0016] The length of a single lightweight hatch cover is determined according to the total length of the cargo hatch that needs to be covered, and the appropriate length of a single lightweight hatch cover is evenly divided into multiple quantities, and the average length is taken as the length of a single lightweight hatch cover; the width of the lightweight hatch cover is based on the width of the ship's cargo hatch and the width of each layer of lightweight hatch cover is determined according to a certain width increase; the height of the lightweight hatch cover is to ensure that adjacent lightweight hatch covers can be placed overlapping and a hatch cover gap is formed between adjacent lightweight hatch covers.
[0017] The lightweight hatch cover comprises a herringbone-shaped strong transverse beam arch having a slope of 5-8%; hatch cover support columns are fixedly installed at both ends of the herringbone-shaped strong transverse beam arch and are located in the same plane, and a wind and rainproof plate is fixed on the outer side of the hatch cover support column; The herringbone strong transverse beam arch and the inner corner of the hatch cover support column are connected by a box-shaped arc structure transition; Longitudinally arranged strong longitudinal beams are arranged between the herringbone strong transverse beam arches, and ordinary transverse beams are arranged in parallel between adjacent herringbone strong transverse beam arches; The plane of the lightweight hatch cover is surrounded by high-strength rectangular steel pipes to form the hatch cover frame; the hatch cover support column is made of high-strength rectangular steel pipe and frame structure, and the bottom of the hatch cover support column is fixed with a thickened square tube at the bottom; Overlap baffles are respectively installed on both sides of the top of the lightweight hatch cover, so that adjacent lightweight hatch covers form overlapping sections after being fully opened.
[0018] A roller assembly is fixedly installed at the bottom of the hatch cover support column of the lightweight hatch cover, and the roller assembly cooperates with a guide rail laid on the top of the elevated overhanging deck; the guide rails of adjacent lightweight hatch covers are spaced a certain distance apart; The guide rails are precisely installed using round steel and are firmly welded to the elevated overhanging deck.
[0019] The roller assembly includes a roller base fixed to the bottom end of the hatch cover support column, a roller is rotatably mounted on the lower part of the roller base through a pin shaft and a needle bearing, a guide rail groove for matching with the guide rail is processed on the outer edge of the roller, and a limited open pin hole is provided at the end of the pin shaft.
[0020] A detachable movable connection device is provided between adjacent lightweight hatch covers and is used for temporary connection when the lightweight hatch covers are opened or closed; The movable connection device includes a latch, the end of the latch is provided with a hexagonal head, and an end close to the hexagonal head is provided with a stopping thread segment, the stopping thread segment cooperates with a threaded hole provided on a first latch plate, the first latch plate is provided on the lightweight hatch cover, the end of the latch and the socket on the second latch plate form a clearance fit, and the second latch plate is provided on an adjacent lightweight hatch cover.
[0021] It also includes a power device for opening or closing the lightweight hatch cover; The power device adopts a winch traction mechanism or a self-propelled mechanism; The hoisting and traction mechanism includes a hoist, which is connected to the hatch cover fastening screw holes on the outer wall of the lightweight hatch cover through a matching traction chain and a shackle, and also includes a steering opening sprocket for steering; The self-propelled mechanism adopts a motor installed on the roller assembly, and the roller is driven to rotate by the motor.
[0022] A method for operating a marine solar power station comprises the following steps: The specific steps of opening the lightweight hatch cover to open the entire cargo hatch are: Step 1.1, installation of the movable joint device: Install movable connection devices between all pairs of lightweight hatch covers on the whole ship; Step 1.2, connection of power device: Connect the power unit to the lightweight hatch cover at the last section at the other end through a traction chain and a shackle; Step 1.3, disassembly of the first movable joint device: Remove the movable connection device between the first section of lightweight hatch cover and the adjacent section of lightweight hatch cover; Step 1.4, traction opening of lightweight hatch cover: Starting the traction chain of the power device, driving the last section of the lightweight hatch cover through the traction chain, and synchronously driving all lightweight hatch covers except the first section of the lightweight hatch cover to move through the combined action of the lightweight hatch cover and the movable connection device, so that the second section of the lightweight hatch cover overlaps the outside of the first section of the lightweight hatch cover, thereby realizing the folding of the second lightweight hatch cover; Step 1.5, the next section of lightweight hatch cover is towed and opened in sequence: Initially remove the movable connection device between the secondary lightweight hatch covers and repeat step 1.4, and finally overlap all the lightweight hatch covers and place them at the front or rear end of the ship; Step 1.6. Unloading of cargo from the cargo hold: After all lightweight hatch covers are opened, the top of the entire cargo hold is in an open state, and the cargo inside the cargo hold can be unloaded at this time; At the same time, the solar light hatch cover is in an overlapping state, so the solar power generation temporarily stops working; The lightweight hatch cover is closed to seal the entire cargo hatch of the ship, and the solar panels are used to generate electricity for the ship. The specific steps are as follows: Step 2.1, connection of power device: Pass the power unit around the steering opening sprocket through a traction chain, and connect the other end of the traction chain to the last section of the lightweight hatch cover through a shackle; Step 2.2, traction of the last section lightweight hatch cover: Start the traction chain of the power device, drive the last section of the lightweight hatch cover through the traction chain, and then pull out the overlapping last section of the lightweight hatch cover: Step 2.3, installation of the movable connection device: After the last section of the lightweight hatch cover is fished out, a movable connection device between the last section of the lightweight hatch cover and the adjacent lightweight hatch cover is installed; Step 2.4, sequential traction of the second section of lightweight hatch cover: Continue to start the traction chain of the power device, drive the last section of the lightweight hatch cover through the traction chain, and use the connected lightweight hatch covers to drive the next section of the lightweight hatch cover in turn, then connect the movable connection devices step by step, start the power device one by one, and finally achieve the traction of all lightweight hatch covers and cover the hatch of the entire cargo hold; Step 2.5, normal power generation of solar panels: After all lightweight hatch covers are unfolded and the system is fully connected, the entire cargo hold will be fully covered. The solar panels will cover the entire cargo hold, and the solar panels will receive direct sunlight. The marine solar photovoltaic power station will operate to provide electricity for the ship.
[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The power station of the present invention forms a group of movable lightweight hatch covers in a rolling overlapping form, and the hatch covers are covered with solar panels. When the ship needs to load or unload cargo, the lightweight hatch covers are towed to the length range of a hatch cover at any end of the front and rear ends of the ship, so that the cargo hold hatch is basically fully opened, and the cranes on the shore or other loading and unloading methods can realize the lifting operation of the ship's cargo for loading and unloading; when the ship's cargo is loaded and unloaded, the hatch cover group overlapping in the length range of a hatch cover is towed until it reaches the hatch position to be covered, and the hatch covers are distributed on the entire cargo hatch; the solar panels covered on the hatch covers can directly see the sunlight and connect various parts of the power generation system, and clean solar power can supply power to all electrical equipment.
[0024] 2. The above-mentioned elevated structure ensures the reliability and stability of the elevated cantilever deck support, thereby ensuring the stability of all lightweight hatch cover supports.
[0025] 3. The baffles mentioned above can block debris on the elevated overhanging deck, and the railings can provide safety protection.
[0026] 4. The above-mentioned size structure ensures that multiple sections of lightweight hatch covers can be arranged in an overlapping manner to facilitate their storage, thereby reducing the occupied area of a single lightweight hatch cover to increase the coverage area.
[0027] 5. The above-mentioned movable connection device enhances the convenience of connection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0029] Figure 1 A general plan layout of a marine solar power station in Example 1 (Example - bow bridge).
[0030] Figure 2 A side view of a marine solar power station in Example 1 (Example - bow bridge).
[0031] Figure 3 A cross-sectional side view of a single unit of a marine solar power station in Example 1.
[0032] Figure 4 A fully overlapped cross-sectional view of a marine solar power station in Example 1.
[0033] Figure 5 A schematic side view of a marine solar power station in Example 1, in which the lightweight hatch covers for solar photovoltaic power generation of the entire ship are rolled and overlapped within the length range of a hatch cover.
[0034] Figure 6 Layout diagram of guide rails on the overhanging deck of a marine solar power station in Example 1.
[0035] Figure 7 A basic plan view of the structure of a lightweight hatch cover of a marine solar power station covered with solar panels in Example 1.
[0036] Figure 8 A lightweight hatch cover of a marine solar power station covered with solar panels in Example 1 Figure 7 Medium AA view.
[0037] Fig. 9 A lightweight hatch cover of a marine solar power station covered with solar panels in Example 1 Figure 8 Medium BB view.
[0038] Fig.10 The main cross section of a lightweight hatch cover of a marine solar power station covered with solar panels in Example 1.
[0039] Fig.11 General diagram of a lightweight hatch cover roller assembly for a marine solar power station in Example 1.
[0040] Fig.12 Figure 1 is a lightweight hatch cover roller for a marine solar power station.
[0041] Fig.13 A diagram of a roller shaft for a lightweight hatch cover of a marine solar power station in Example 1.
[0042] Fig.14 A side view of a lightweight hatch cover roller base of a marine solar power station in Example 1.
[0043] Fig.15 A front view of a lightweight hatch cover roller base of a marine solar power station in Example 1.
[0044] Fig.16 A diagram of the movable connection of multiple hatch covers of a marine solar power station in Example 1.
[0045] Fig.17 A general diagram of a movable connection device for a marine solar power station in Example 1.
[0046] Fig.18 In embodiment 1, a movable connection device body of a marine solar power station is provided.
[0047] Fig.19 In Example 1, a movable connection device of a marine solar power station is provided with a threaded pin.
[0048] Fig. 20 Schematic diagram of the hatch opening process during the operation of a marine solar power station in Example 1.
[0049] Fig.21 Schematic diagram of a hatch closing process during the operation of a marine solar power station in Example 1.
[0050] Fig. 22 A general plan layout of a marine solar power station in Example 4.
[0051] Fig.23 A side view of a marine solar power station in Example 4.
[0052] Fig.24 Layout diagram of guide rails on the overhanging deck of a marine solar power station in Example 4.
[0053] Fig.25A basic structural diagram of a lightweight hatch cover of a marine solar power station covered with solar panels in Example 4.
[0054] In the figure: a first lightweight hatch cover 1, a second lightweight hatch cover 2, a third lightweight hatch cover 3, a fourth lightweight hatch cover 4, a fifth lightweight hatch cover 5, a sixth lightweight hatch cover 6, a roof deck 7, a hull 8, a support column 9, a hatch coaming top line 10, a reinforced support column 11, a main deck 12, a cargo hold 13, an overlapping baffle 14, an overlapping hatch cover length 15, a guide rail 16, a roller assembly 17, an elevated overhanging deck 18, an overlapping section 19, a roof deck solar panel 20, a cross bracing truss structure 21, a baffle 22, a hatch cover support column 23, a hatch cover gap 24, a hatch cover frame 25, a herringbone strong transverse beam arch 26, a common transverse beam 27, a box-shaped arc structure 28, a strong longitudinal beam 29, a railing 30, a movable connection device 31, a winch 32, a traction chain 33, a hatch cover fastening screw hole 34, and a steering opening sprocket 35; Roller base 1701, roller 1702, pin shaft 1703, needle bearing 1704, limit opening pin hole 1705, guide rail groove 1706; Hexagonal head 3101 , stopping thread section 3102 , first latch plate 3103 , latch 3104 , second latch plate 3105 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0055] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0056] See also Figure 1-21 This embodiment provides a marine solar power station, which is further explained by a 130m long multi-purpose cargo ship with a bow bridge on the Yangtze River and the accompanying drawings.
[0057] A solar power station for a ship comprises a hull 8, wherein the top of the main deck 12 of the hull 8 is fixedly provided with elevated overhanging decks 18 arranged symmetrically on the left and right via an elevated structure, and a plurality of groups of lightweight hatch covers are movably provided on the top of the elevated overhanging decks 18 via a rolling overlapping arrangement; the tops of all lightweight hatch covers are respectively fully covered with solar panels 19; after being fully unfolded, all lightweight hatch covers are overlapped to cover the upper space of the entire cargo hold 13, and the solar panels 19 generate electricity to provide electric energy for the ship; when the ship needs to load or unload cargo, all lightweight hatch covers are towed to within the length range of a single lightweight hatch cover at the front or rear end of the ship, so that the cargo hatch of the ship is fully opened for cargo loading and unloading of the ship. By adopting the power station with the above structure, when the ship needs to load or unload cargo, the lightweight hatch cover is towed to within the length range of a hatch cover at any end of the front or rear end of the ship, so that the cargo hold hatch is basically fully opened, and the cranes on the shore or other loading and unloading methods can realize the lifting operation of the ship's cargo for loading and unloading; when the ship's cargo is loaded and unloaded, a group of multiple hatch covers overlapping within the length range of a hatch cover are towed until they reach the hatch position to be covered, and the hatch covers are distributed over the entire cargo hatch; the solar panels covered on the hatch cover can directly see the sunlight and connect various parts of the power generation system, and clean solar electricity can supply power to all electrical equipment.
[0058] In this embodiment, a total of 6 lightweight hatch covers are provided, namely the first lightweight hatch cover 1, the second lightweight hatch cover 2, the third lightweight hatch cover 3, the fourth lightweight hatch cover 4, the fifth lightweight hatch cover 5, and the sixth lightweight hatch cover 6, among which the first lightweight hatch cover 1 is located at the innermost layer.
[0059] Furthermore, the elevated structure includes a plurality of support columns 9 and reinforced support columns 11 staggered and symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top of the main deck 12, the top of the support columns 9 and the reinforced support columns 11 is fixed with an elevated overhanging deck 18, and a cross bracing truss structure 21 is respectively fixed between the tops of the support columns 9 and the reinforced support columns 11 on both sides. The reliability and stability of the support of the elevated overhanging deck 18 are ensured by the above-mentioned elevated structure, thereby ensuring the stability of the support of all lightweight hatch covers.
[0060] Furthermore, a baffle 22 is fixed to the top inner edge of the elevated cantilever deck 18, and a railing 30 is fixed to the top outer edge of the elevated cantilever deck 18. The baffle 22 serves to block debris on the elevated cantilever deck 18, and the railing 30 serves to provide safety protection.
[0061] Further, a canopy deck solar panel 20 is fixedly installed on the top of the canopy deck 7 of the hull 8. The canopy deck solar panel 20 increases the subsequent power generation.
[0062] Furthermore, the length of a single lightweight hatch cover is determined according to the total length of the cargo hatch to be covered, and the length of a single lightweight hatch cover is evenly divided into multiple numbers according to the appropriate length, and the average length is taken as the length of a single lightweight hatch cover; the width of the lightweight hatch cover is based on the width of the cargo hatch of the ship and the width of each layer of lightweight hatch cover is determined according to a certain width increase; the height of the lightweight hatch cover is to ensure that adjacent lightweight hatch covers can be placed in an overlapping manner, and a hatch cover gap 24 is formed between adjacent lightweight hatch covers. Through the above-mentioned size structure, it is ensured that multiple sections of lightweight hatch covers can be arranged in an overlapping manner in order to facilitate their storage, thereby calculating the occupied area of a single lightweight hatch cover to increase the coverage area.
[0063] Furthermore, the width is based on the width of the ship's cargo hold + the thickness of the lightweight hatch cover on both sides + the gap between the hatch covers that need to be overlapped + the distance from the outermost railing + the total width and thickness of all hatch cover side walls and supporting columns = maximum width.
[0064] Furthermore, the lightweight hatch cover includes a herringbone-shaped strong transverse beam arch 26, which has a slope of 5-8%; hatch cover support columns 23 are fixedly installed at both ends of the herringbone-shaped strong transverse beam arch 26 and located in the same plane, and a windshield plate is fixed on the outside of the hatch cover support column 23. Such a slope is suitable for rapid drainage of rainwater to both sides when it rains or even storms.
[0065] Furthermore, the herringbone strong transverse beam arch 26 is connected to the inner corner of the hatch cover support column 23 by a box-shaped arc structure 28. This structural form can ensure that the entire hatch cover and the hatch cover support column 23 will not deform, and has high reliability and stability.
[0066] Furthermore, longitudinally arranged strong longitudinal beams 29 are provided between the herringbone strong transverse beam arches 26, and common transverse beams 27 are provided in parallel between adjacent herringbone strong transverse beam arches 26, so that the hatch cover and the transition side wall support have good stability.
[0067] Furthermore, a hatch cover frame 25 is formed of high-strength rectangular steel pipes around the plane of the lightweight hatch cover; the hatch cover support column 23 is made of high-strength rectangular steel pipe and a frame structure, and a lower end thickened square tube 2301 is fixed to the bottom of the hatch cover support column 23; the appropriate thickening makes the roller base connection of the lightweight hatch cover have sufficient strength.
[0068] Furthermore, overlapping baffles 14 are respectively installed on both sides of the top of the lightweight hatch cover, so that the adjacent lightweight hatch covers form overlapping sections 19 after being fully opened, thereby achieving a good rainproof effect.
[0069] Furthermore, a roller assembly 17 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the hatch cover support column 23 of the lightweight hatch cover, and the roller assembly 17 cooperates with the guide rail 16 laid on the top of the elevated overhanging deck 18; the guide rails 16 of adjacent lightweight hatch covers are spaced a certain distance apart. It also has the function of ventilation and air permeability of the cargo hold.
[0070] Furthermore, the guide rail 16 is precisely installed using round steel and is firmly welded to the elevated overhanging deck 18 .
[0071] Furthermore, the roller assembly 17 comprises a roller base 1701 fixed to the bottom end of the hatch cover support column 23, a roller 1702 is rotatably mounted on the lower part of the roller base 1701 through a pin 1703 and a needle bearing 1704, a guide groove 1706 for matching with the guide rail 16 is processed on the outer edge of the roller 1702, and a limited opening pin hole 1705 is provided at the end of the pin 1703. The above roller assembly 17 facilitates the lightweight hatch cover to be rolled open or closed.
[0072] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the roller shaft hole is calculated and determined by the following method: according to the weight of the light hatch cover structure + the total weight load of the solar panel, the diameter of the shaft is determined according to the structural strength requirements of the roller shaft, and the needle bearing is selected according to the shaft diameter. The needle bearing can obtain a smaller roller size and reduce the manufacturing cost; the inner diameter of the roller is determined according to the outer diameter of the needle bearing model, and the outer diameter of the roller is drawn by a drawing method. At the same time, a U-shaped roller base is designed and formed by pressing with a thickened plate.
[0073] Furthermore, the roller base is welded to the lower end rectangular steel pipe longitudinal beam of the one-piece hatch cover side wall in the workshop by using a reinforced full-angle weld.
[0074] Furthermore, a detachable movable connection device 31 is provided between adjacent lightweight hatch covers, and is used for temporary connection when the lightweight hatch covers are opened or closed. This facilitates the synchronous opening or closing of the entire lightweight hatch cover. The above device reduces the difficulty of opening or closing.
[0075] Furthermore, the movable connection device 31 includes a latch 3104, the end of the latch 3104 is provided with a hexagonal head 3101, and one end close to the hexagonal head 3101 is provided with a stopper thread segment 3102, the stopper thread segment 3102 is matched with a threaded hole provided on a first latch plate 3103, the first latch plate 3103 is provided on the light hatch cover, the end of the latch 3104 and the jack on the second latch plate 3105 form a clearance fit, and the second latch plate 3105 is provided on an adjacent light hatch cover. The above movable connection device 31 enhances the convenience of connection.
[0076] Further, the invention also comprises a power device for opening or closing the light hatch cover provided in a supporting manner. Through the power device, the operation intensity of opening or closing is reduced.
[0077] Furthermore, the power device adopts a winch traction mechanism or a self-propelled mechanism; Furthermore, the hoisting and traction mechanism includes a hoist 32, which is connected to the hatch cover fastening screw holes 34 on the outer wall of the lightweight hatch cover through a matching traction chain 33 and a shackle, and also includes a steering opening sprocket 35 for steering.
[0078] Furthermore, the self-propelled mechanism uses a motor installed on the roller assembly 17, and the motor drives the roller 1702 to rotate.
[0079] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides a specific manufacturing process of a lightweight hatch cover: The first step is to make a frame according to the actual rail width size of the ship, take it as the hatch cover size, and use the usual methods to measure, mark, cut, and assemble. After welding, use lifting equipment to raise it to the height determined by the design, check the flatness, verticality, and straightness, and install temporary supports. The hatch cover body and the side panels are connected by electric welding. After the connection is completed, the construction personnel will symmetrically weld them firmly, usually in even numbers. After that, rust removal, grinding, and painting are completed at each construction node. After the paint is dry, the solar photovoltaic panels are installed. In this way, the lightweight hatch cover with marine solar panels is completed. Further, according to the same method mentioned above, multiple solar lightweight hatch covers of a ship are all completed one by one, waiting for loading and application.
[0080] Shipbuilding application: On the cantilever deck of the main deck elevated cantilever deck, the φ20 round steel rail is accurately installed according to the designed center distance of the axles on both sides of the solar hatch cover.
[0081] Embodiment 3: A method for operating a marine solar power station comprises the following steps: The specific steps of opening the lightweight hatch cover to open the entire cargo hatch are: Step 1.1, installation of the movable connection device 31: Install movable connection devices 31 between all pairs of lightweight hatch covers on the whole ship; Step 1.2, connection of power device: Connect the power unit to the last section of the lightweight hatch cover at the other end through the traction chain 33 and the shackle; Step 1.3, disassembly of the first movable connection device 31: Remove the movable connection device 31 between the first section of lightweight hatch cover and the adjacent section of lightweight hatch cover; Step 1.4, traction opening of lightweight hatch cover: The traction chain 33 of the power device is started, and the last section of the lightweight hatch cover is driven by the traction chain 33, and all lightweight hatch covers except the first section of the lightweight hatch cover are synchronously driven to move by the joint action of the lightweight hatch cover and the movable connection device 31, so that the second section of the lightweight hatch cover overlaps the outside of the first section of the lightweight hatch cover, so that the second lightweight hatch cover is retracted; Step 1.5, the next section of lightweight hatch cover is towed and opened in sequence: Initially remove the movable connection device 31 between the secondary lightweight hatch covers, and repeat step 1.4, and finally all the lightweight hatch covers are overlapped and placed at the front end or rear end of the ship; Step 1.6. Unloading of cargo from the cargo hold: After all lightweight hatch covers are opened, the top of the entire cargo hold is in an open state, and the cargo inside the cargo hold can be unloaded at this time; At the same time, the solar light hatch cover is in an overlapping state, so the solar power generation temporarily stops working; The lightweight hatch cover is closed to seal the entire cargo hatch of the ship, and the solar panel 19 generates electricity to provide electrical energy for the ship. The specific steps are: Step 2.1, connection of power device: The power unit is passed around the steering opening sprocket 35 through the traction chain 33, and the other end of the traction chain 33 is connected to the last section of the lightweight hatch cover through a shackle; Step 2.2, traction of the last section lightweight hatch cover: The traction chain 33 of the power device is started, and the last section of the lightweight hatch cover is driven by the traction chain 33, thereby pulling out the overlapped last section of the lightweight hatch cover: Step 2.3, installation of the movable connection device 31: After the last section of the lightweight hatch cover is fished out, a movable connection device 31 is installed between the last section of the lightweight hatch cover and the adjacent lightweight hatch cover; Step 2.4, sequential traction of the second section of lightweight hatch cover: Continue to start the traction chain 33 of the power device, drive the last section of the lightweight hatch cover through the traction chain 33, and use the connected lightweight hatch covers to drive the next section of the lightweight hatch cover in turn, then connect the movable connection devices 31 step by step, start the power devices one by one, and finally achieve the traction of all the lightweight hatch covers and cover the hatch of the entire cargo hold; Step 2.5, normal power generation of the solar panel 19: After all lightweight hatch covers are unfolded, the system is fully connected to achieve full coverage of the entire cargo hold, and the solar panels 19 will cover the entire cargo hold. The solar panels 19 will receive direct sunlight, and the marine solar photovoltaic power station will operate to provide electricity for the ship.
[0082] See also Figure 22-25 , This embodiment provides a marine solar power station, a Yangtze River 130m stern bridge standard multi-purpose cargo ship and the accompanying drawings for further explanation.
[0083] In this embodiment, the difference is that the ship in this embodiment adopts a stern cab.
[0084] Advantages of the present invention: 1. Emission reduction: Taking the above Yangtze River 130m standard multi-purpose cargo ship implementation example as an example, the total installed solar photovoltaic power generation solar panels in this scheme are 568 pieces, including 33 pieces on the canopy deck. Calculated based on the power generation of 700w per piece, the total power generation = 568×700=398kw / h.
[0085] 2. Energy saving: The ship is equipped with a 3000kw box-type energy storage power supply. When the ship is launched and sailing in the reservoir area with slow current, the use of solar photovoltaic new energy power can achieve economical speed propulsion, with excellent energy-saving effect.
Claims
1. A marine solar power station, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hull (8), wherein a symmetrically arranged elevated overhanging deck (18) is fixedly mounted on the top of a main deck (12) of the hull (8) via an elevated structure, and a plurality of light hatch covers are movably mounted on the top of the elevated overhanging deck (18) via a rolling overlapping arrangement; the tops of all the light hatch covers are respectively fully covered with solar panels (19); after being fully unfolded, all the light hatch covers are overlapped to cover the entire upper space of the cargo hold (13), and the solar panels (19) generate electricity to provide electric energy for the ship; when the ship needs to load or unload cargo, all the light hatch covers are towed to within the length range of a single light hatch cover at the front or rear end of the ship, so that the cargo hatch of the ship is fully opened, so as to facilitate cargo loading and unloading of the ship.
2. A marine solar power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elevated structure comprises a plurality of support columns (9) and reinforced support columns (11) fixed in a staggered and symmetrical manner on both sides of the top of the main deck (12); an elevated overhanging deck (18) is fixed on the top of the support columns (9) and the reinforced support columns (11); and a cross bracing truss structure (21) is respectively fixed between the tops of the support columns (9) and the reinforced support columns (11) on both sides; A baffle (22) is fixed to the top inner edge of the elevated cantilever deck (18), and a railing (30) is fixed to the top outer edge of the elevated cantilever deck (18).
3. A marine solar power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A roof deck solar panel (20) is fixedly mounted on the top of the roof deck (7) of the hull (8).
4. A marine solar power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of a single lightweight hatch cover is determined based on the total length of the cargo hatch opening to be covered, and the length of a single lightweight hatch cover is divided into multiple numbers according to the appropriate length of the single lightweight hatch cover, and the average length is taken as the length of the single lightweight hatch cover; the width of the lightweight hatch cover is based on the width of the cargo hatch opening of the ship and the width of each layer of lightweight hatch cover is determined according to a certain width increase; the height of the lightweight hatch cover is to ensure that adjacent lightweight hatch covers can be placed overlapping and a hatch cover gap (24) is formed between adjacent lightweight hatch covers.
5. A marine solar power station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lightweight hatch cover comprises a herringbone-shaped strong transverse beam arch (26), the herringbone-shaped strong transverse beam arch (26) having a slope of 5-8%; hatch cover support columns (23) are fixedly installed at both ends of the herringbone-shaped strong transverse beam arch (26) and located in the same plane, and a wind and rainproof plate is fixed on the outer side of the hatch cover support column (23); The herringbone strong transverse beam arch (26) and the inner corner of the hatch cover support column (23) are connected by a box-shaped arc structure (28); A longitudinally arranged strong longitudinal beam (29) is arranged between the herringbone strong transverse beam arches (26), and a common transverse beam (27) is arranged in parallel between adjacent herringbone strong transverse beam arches (26); The plane of the lightweight hatch cover is surrounded by high-strength rectangular steel pipes to form a hatch cover frame (25); the hatch cover support column (23) is made of high-strength rectangular steel pipe and a frame structure, and a lower end thickened square tube (2301) is fixed to the bottom of the hatch cover support column (23); Overlapping baffles (14) are respectively installed on both sides of the top of the lightweight hatch cover, so that adjacent lightweight hatch covers form overlapping sections (19) after being fully opened.
6. A marine solar power station according to claim 5, characterized in that: A roller assembly (17) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the hatch cover support column (23) of the lightweight hatch cover, and the roller assembly (17) cooperates with a guide rail (16) laid on the top of the elevated overhanging deck (18); the guide rails (16) of adjacent lightweight hatch covers are spaced at a certain distance; The guide rail (16) is precisely installed using round steel and is firmly welded to the elevated overhanging deck (18).
7. A marine solar power station according to claim 6, characterized in that: The roller assembly (17) comprises a roller base (1701) fixed to the bottom end of the hatch cover support column (23); a roller (1702) is rotatably mounted on the lower portion of the roller base (1701) via a pin shaft (1703) and a needle bearing (1704); a guide rail groove (1706) for matching with the guide rail (16) is machined on the outer edge of the roller (1702); and a limit opening pin hole (1705) is provided at the end of the pin shaft (1703).
8. A marine solar power station according to claim 5, characterized in that: A detachable movable connection device (31) is provided between adjacent lightweight hatch covers and is used for temporary connection when the lightweight hatch covers are opened or closed; The movable connection device (31) comprises a latch (3104), the end of the latch (3104) is provided with a hexagonal head (3101), an end close to the hexagonal head (3101) is provided with a stop thread section (3102), the stop thread section (3102) cooperates with a threaded hole provided on a first latch plate (3103), the first latch plate (3103) is provided on the lightweight hatch cover, the end of the latch (3104) and the insertion hole on the second latch plate (3105) form a clearance fit, and the second latch plate (3105) is provided on an adjacent lightweight hatch cover.
9. A marine solar power station according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a power device for opening or closing the lightweight hatch cover; The power device adopts a winch traction mechanism or a self-propelled mechanism; The hoisting and traction mechanism comprises a hoist (32), the hoist (32) being connected to a hatch cover fastening screw hole (34) on the outer wall of the lightweight hatch cover via a matching traction chain (33) and a shackle, and also comprising a steering opening sprocket (35) for steering; The self-propelled mechanism uses a motor mounted on the roller assembly (17), and the motor drives the roller (1702) to rotate.
10. The method for operating a marine solar power station according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The specific steps of opening the lightweight hatch cover to open the entire cargo hatch are: Step 1.1, installation of the movable connection device (31): Install movable connection devices (31) between all pairs of lightweight hatch covers on the ship; Step 1.2, connection of power device: The power unit is connected to the lightweight hatch cover at the last section of the other end through a traction chain (33) and a shackle; Step 1.3, disassembly of the first movable connection device (31): The movable connection device (31) between the first section of the lightweight hatch cover and the adjacent section of the lightweight hatch cover is removed; Step 1.4, traction opening of lightweight hatch cover: Starting the traction chain (33) of the power device, driving the last section of the lightweight hatch cover through the traction chain (33), and synchronously driving all lightweight hatch covers except the first section of the lightweight hatch cover to move through the combined action of the lightweight hatch cover and the movable connection device (31), thereby causing the second section of the lightweight hatch cover to overlap the outside of the first section of the lightweight hatch cover, thereby achieving the folding of the second lightweight hatch cover; Step 1.5, the next section of lightweight hatch cover is towed and opened in sequence: Initially remove the movable connection device (31) between the secondary lightweight hatch covers, and repeat step 1.4, and finally all the lightweight hatch covers are overlapped and placed at the front end or the rear end of the ship; Step 1.
6. Unloading of cargo from the cargo hold: After all lightweight hatch covers are opened, the top of the entire cargo hold is in an open state, and the cargo inside the cargo hold can be unloaded at this time; At the same time, the solar light hatch cover is in an overlapping state, so the solar power generation temporarily stops working; The lightweight hatch cover is closed to seal the entire cargo hatch of the ship, and the solar panel (19) generates electricity to provide electrical energy for the ship. The specific steps are: Step 2.1, connection of power device: The power device is passed through the traction chain (33) around the steering opening sprocket (35), and the other end of the traction chain (33) is connected to the lightweight hatch cover of the last section through a shackle; Step 2.2, traction of the last section lightweight hatch cover: The traction chain (33) of the power device is started, and the last section of the lightweight hatch cover is driven by the traction chain (33), thereby pulling out the overlapped last section of the lightweight hatch cover: Step 2.3, installation of the movable connection device (31): After the last section of the lightweight hatch cover is fished out, a movable connection device (31) is installed between the last section of the lightweight hatch cover and the adjacent lightweight hatch cover; Step 2.4, sequential traction of the second section of lightweight hatch cover: Continue to start the traction chain (33) of the power device, drive the last section of the lightweight hatch cover through the traction chain (33), and use the connected lightweight hatch covers to drive the next section of the lightweight hatch cover in turn, then connect the movable connection devices (31) step by step, start the power devices one by one, and finally achieve the traction of all the lightweight hatch covers and cover the entire cargo hold hatch; Step 2.5, normal power generation of the solar panel (19): After all lightweight hatch covers are deployed, the system is fully connected to achieve full coverage of the entire cargo hold, and the solar panels (19) will cover the entire cargo hold. The solar panels (19) will be directly exposed to sunlight, and the ship's solar photovoltaic power station will operate to provide electricity for the ship.