A 5g positioning method and device based on pci matching

Abstract

The application provides a 5G positioning method and device based on PCI matching, which is applied to outdoor scene positioning, and comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining communication parameters of a user, wherein the communication parameters at least include a physical cell identifier (PCI) of the user; S2, obtaining an offline fingerprint library, wherein the offline fingerprint library at least includes a base station PCI; S3, searching the offline fingerprint library based on the user PCI to obtain matching data; S4, constructing a dynamic fingerprint library based on the matching data; and S5, fitting and calculating a position coordinate of the user based on the dynamic fingerprint library. The application also comprises a corresponding positioning device. The 5G positioning method and device based on PCI matching can effectively improve positioning accuracy and reduce positioning errors.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of positioning and navigation, and particularly relates to a 5G positioning method and device based on PCI matching. BACKGROUND

[0002] RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power) is an important parameter for positioning in wireless communication. RSRP represents the absolute value of the received signal strength and is an important indicator for measuring wireless networks. According to the transmission power of the reference signal, the propagation loss can be calculated to determine the distance from the base station. Therefore, in the 5G network, RSRP is often used to assist high-precision positioning. By measuring the signal strength and quality of the UE in different cells, the approximate position of the UE can be estimated.

[0003] However, if only RSRP is used as a positioning feature, the amount of information provided is limited, which will greatly reduce the positioning accuracy. In addition, the existing technology mainly uses a 1dB step, which will also cause adjacent RSRP values to be the same or very close, resulting in poor data differentiation and further affecting the positioning accuracy, resulting in a large positioning result error. For example, the fingerprint database data of the data position distribution in Beijing has about 1.8 million pieces of data, each piece of data containing the RSRP data of the main base station and the adjacent base station. A piece of RSRP test data is randomly selected from the collected data in Beijing and compared with the fingerprint database data to obtain Figure 1 , the blue points represent the position information of all data in the data, and the red points represent the position information of other data that is the same as the test data. As can be seen from Figure 1 , a large number of RSRP signals in the same position have the same or very close values, making it difficult to calculate the positioning position of the device based on RSRP in the subsequent data processing stage, with an average error of more than 5km and a maximum of even 10km.

[0004] Based on the above, the application provides a technical solution to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the large error of the method for realizing positioning by RSRP matching in the prior art, the application provides a 5G positioning method based on PCI matching, which is applied to outdoor scene positioning and includes the following steps:

[0006] Step S1, obtaining the communication parameters of the user, the communication parameters at least including the physical cell identifier (PCI) of the user;

[0007] Step S2, obtaining an offline fingerprint database, the offline fingerprint database at least including the PCI of the base station;

[0008] Step S3: Search the offline fingerprint database based on the user PCI to obtain matching data;

[0009] Step S4: constructing a dynamic fingerprint library based on the matching data;

[0010] Step S5: Calculate the user's location coordinates based on the dynamic fingerprint library.

[0011] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the communication parameters and the offline fingerprint library further include reference signal received power RSRP.

[0012] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, step S3 further includes:

[0013] Step S3.1: Match the user PCI with the base station PCI in the offline fingerprint database to obtain the index of the PCI matching data. PCI ;

[0014] Step S3.2: Based on the index PCI Match the RSRP in the offline fingerprint database to obtain matching data.

[0015] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the step S3.2 includes: according to the index PCI , search the RSRP index in the offline fingerprint library RSRP , if index PCI =index RSRP , extract index RSRP The corresponding base station RSRP value.

[0016] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the set of base station RSRP values ​​is used as matching data, and a dynamic fingerprint library is constructed based on the matching data.

[0017] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the offline fingerprint database construction process includes: collecting data through crowdsourcing, collecting the longitude and latitude of the user's location, and the base station PCI and base station RSRP of the primary base station to which the user belongs, that is, the neighboring base station.

[0018] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, after obtaining the longitude and latitude of the collected user location, as well as the base station PCI and base station RSRP of the main base station to which the user belongs, that is, the neighboring base station, the method further includes: integrating the data of the offline fingerprint library, wherein the data integration includes cleaning the offline fingerprint library data and establishing a one-to-one mapping relationship between the base station PCI and the RSRP of each base station.

[0019] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, step S5 includes:

[0020] performing regression calculation on the dynamic fingerprint library data based on one or more of a K-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm, a random forest regression algorithm, a vector machine regression algorithm, and an XGboost regression algorithm, and fitting calculation of the position coordinates of the user.

[0021] The application also provides a 5G positioning device based on PCI matching, which is applied to positioning in an outdoor scene and comprises:

[0022] a communication parameter acquisition module configured to acquire communication parameters of the user, wherein the communication parameters at least include a physical cell identifier (PCI) of the user;

[0023] an offline fingerprint library acquisition module configured to acquire an offline fingerprint library, wherein the offline fingerprint library at least includes a base station PCI;

[0024] a data matching module configured to search the offline fingerprint library based on the PCI of the user and acquire matching data;

[0025] a dynamic fingerprint library construction module configured to construct a dynamic fingerprint library based on the matching data;

[0026] a calculation module configured to fit calculation of the position coordinates of the user based on the dynamic fingerprint library.

[0027] In one specific embodiment of the application, the device further comprises:

[0028] the data matching module comprises an index matching module;

[0029] the index matching module is configured to: match the PCI of the user with the base station PCI in the offline fingerprint library to acquire an index (index) of the PCI matching data, search an index (index) of the RSRP in the offline fingerprint library according to the index, and extract the RSRP value of the base station corresponding to the index if index = index. PCI PCI RSRP PCI RSRP RSRP

[0030] ​​​​​​The present application can bring at least one of the following beneficial effects: the present application provides a 5G positioning method based on PCI matching applied to outdoor positioning, first acquiring user communication parameters and offline fingerprint library respectively including user physical cell identifier PCI and base station PCI, then searching the offline fingerprint library based on the user PCI, cooperating with RSRP data to acquire matching data and constructing a dynamic fingerprint library according to index data to fit and calculate the positioning data of the user, the positioning method and the positioning device proposed by the present application can determine the base station in advance before RSRP positioning by introducing the PCI containing implicit positioning data and through multi-feature matching, further reduce the area to be positioned, and eliminate the influence of other base station data, avoid the great positioning error caused by a large number of position RSRP values being the same, and further improve the positioning accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] The above characteristics, technical features, advantages and their implementation ways will be further described in the following preferred embodiments in a clear and understandable manner combined with the drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the case that multiple RSRP values are the same when only relying on RSRP positioning in the prior art;

[0033] Figure 2 A step schematic diagram of a 5G positioning method based on PCI matching in the embodiment one of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 A positioning result schematic diagram by using the 5G positioning method based on PCI matching in the embodiment one of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 A CDF diagram obtained after fitting processing of test data by using the 5G positioning method based on PCI matching in the embodiment one of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 A structure schematic diagram of a 5G positioning device based on PCI matching in the embodiment two of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The various aspects of the present application are further described in detail below.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined or specified, all professional and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as familiar to those skilled in the art. In addition, any method and material similar or equivalent to those described can be applied in the present application.

[0039] The terms are described below.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in disclosing the application, including technical and scientific terms, have the meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. By means of example, the terms "comprise" and "comprising" specify the presence of stated features, elements and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components or steps. The term "consisting of" or "consisting" specifies the presence of stated features, elements and / or components to the exclusion of any other features, elements, components or steps. The term "comprising" or "comprise" specifies the presence of stated features, elements and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components or steps. The term "and / or" means and, or, or a combination thereof. The term "about" means ±10% of the value stated.

[0041] It is to be understood that the terms "first", "second", and so on, can be used herein to describe various elements in the application. These elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. Thus, a first element could be termed a second element without departing from the teachings of the present application.

[0042] In the present application, the terms "comprising", "containing" or "including" mean that various components can be used together in a mixture or composition of the present application. Therefore, the term "consisting essentially of is included in the term "comprising", "containing" or "including".

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, the terms "connected", "coupled", "connected", in the present application should be interpreted broadly, for example, can be fixedly connected, or connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal connection of two elements or interaction relationship of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] For example, if an element (or component) is referred to as being "on", "coupled with" or "connected with" another element, it can be directly formed on, coupled with or connected with the other element, or one or more intervening elements can be present between them. In contrast, if the expressions "directly on", "directly coupled with" and "directly connected with" are used herein, it means that there are no intervening elements. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted similarly, such as "between" and "directly between", "attached" and "directly attached", "adjacent" and "directly adjacent", and so on.

[0045] In addition, it should be noted that the words "front", "back", "left", "right", "up" and "down" used in the following description refer to the directions in the drawings. The words "inner" and "outer" are used to refer to the direction towards or away from the geometric center of a particular component. It can be understood that these terms are used herein to describe the relationship of one element, layer or region with respect to another element, layer or region as shown in the drawings. In addition to the orientation described in the drawings, these terms should also include other orientations of the device.

[0046] Other aspects of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein.

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, specific implementations of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative labor, and other embodiments can also be obtained.

[0048] It should also be noted that the diagrams provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present application in a schematic manner, and only the components related to the present application are shown in the diagrams, not the number, shape and size of the components when actually implemented. The actual implementation of each component may be a random change in shape, number and proportion, and the layout pattern of the components may also be more complex. For example, the thickness of the elements in the drawings can be exaggerated for clarity.

[0049] Embodiment one

[0050] For the scene of the prior art positioning method by RSRP matching with a large amount of error, see Figure 2 The present application provides a 5G positioning method based on PCI matching, which is applied to outdoor scene positioning, including the following steps:

[0051] Step S1, obtaining the communication parameters of the user, the communication parameters at least including the physical cell identifier PCI of the user;

[0052] Step S2, obtaining an offline fingerprint library, the offline fingerprint library at least including the base station PCI;

[0053] Step S3, searching the offline fingerprint library based on the user PCI to obtain matching data;

[0054] Step S4, constructing a dynamic fingerprint library based on the matching data;

[0055] Step S5, fitting and calculating the position coordinates of the user based on the dynamic fingerprint library.

[0056] Among them, the communication parameters, the offline fingerprint library also include the reference signal receiving power RSRP.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the step S3 further includes:

[0058] Step S3.1, matching the user PCI with the base station PCI in the offline fingerprint library to obtain the index index of the PCI matching data PCI ;

[0059] Step S3.2, based on the index PCI Matching with the RSRP in the offline fingerprint database, obtaining matching data.

[0060] Preferably, the step S3.2 comprises: according to the index PCI , searching the index index RSRP of the RSRP in the offline fingerprint database PCI = index RSRP , extracting the RSRP value of the base station corresponding to the index RSRP .

[0061] Further, the set of base station RSRP values is taken as the matching data, and a dynamic fingerprint database is constructed based on the matching data.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the construction process of the offline fingerprint database comprises: collecting the longitude and latitude of the user's location, and the base station PCI and base station RSRP of the main base station and the adjacent base station to which the user belongs through crowdsourcing. Preferably, after collecting the longitude and latitude of the user's location, and the base station PCI and base station RSRP of the main base station and the adjacent base station to which the user belongs through crowdsourcing, the construction process of the offline fingerprint database further comprises: data integration of the data of the offline fingerprint database, which comprises cleaning the offline fingerprint database data, and establishing a one-to-one mapping relationship between the base station PCI of each base station and the base station RSRP. Among them, the cleaning of the offline fingerprint database data at least includes: screening and cleaning the data with empty values and the data with signal power lower than -100db.

[0063] In an example, the user PCI includes (PCI x,1 PCI x,2 …PCI x,i …PCI x,n ), and the fingerprint database PCI includes Wherein, n represents the nth column in the base station PCI matrix, i represents the ith column in the base station PCI matrix, and m represents the mth row in the base station PCI matrix. If x = 2, the user PCI corresponds to the second row of the fingerprint database PCI, then index PCI is index PCI2 , and the corresponding base station PCI is [PCI 2,1 PCI 2,2 …PCI i,2 …PCI n,2 ]; based on index PCI2 , the same index RSRP2 is determined, and the index RSRP2The corresponding first i columns of RSRP data form the dynamic fingerprint library [RSRP 2,1 RSRP 2,2 …RSRP i,2 ]. The value of i is proportional to the acquired user parameters and the data density of the offline fingerprint library.

[0064] The above numerical values ​​are only examples and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, step S5 includes:

[0066] Based on one or more of the K-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm, random forest regression algorithm, vector machine regression algorithm, and XGboost regression algorithm, regression calculation is performed on the dynamic fingerprint library data to fit and calculate the user's location coordinates.

[0067] In an example of practical application, five test data are randomly selected and the positioning method proposed in the first embodiment of the present invention is used to locate the position information. The results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the dynamic fingerprint database data is Figure 3 The data in the red circle has the same PCI as the selected test data, which effectively improves the positioning accuracy. The dynamic fingerprint library data obtained by the positioning method in Example 1 is fitted, and the CDF fitting results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The horizontal axis represents the positioning error in meters, and the vertical axis represents the probability, which is the cumulative probability that the random variable is less than or equal to a certain value. BS represents the number of base stations. In the tests of matching one base station, two base stations, and three base stations, the average errors are 103.44m, 73.72m, and 95.94m respectively; when the CDF cumulative probability is 67%, the errors are 107.86m, 77.56m, and 114.96m respectively; when the CDF cumulative probability is 80%, the errors are 157.63m, 116.67m, and 161.98m respectively. Combining the above error data and Figure 4 The fitting result of the positioning error is significantly better than the result of calculating the device positioning based on RSRP alone.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] In another embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the present invention also provides a 5G positioning device based on PCI matching, which is used to implement the positioning method in Example 1 applied to outdoor scenes, including:

[0070] A communication parameter acquisition module, configured to acquire the user's communication parameters, wherein the communication parameters include at least the user's physical cell identifier (PCI);

[0071] An offline fingerprint database acquisition module is configured to acquire an offline fingerprint database, wherein the offline fingerprint database at least includes base station PCIs;

[0072] A data matching module is configured to search the offline fingerprint database based on the user PCI and acquire matching data;

[0073] A dynamic fingerprint database construction module is configured to construct a dynamic fingerprint database based on the matching data;

[0074] A calculation module is configured to fit and calculate the location coordinates of the user based on the dynamic fingerprint database.

[0075] Preferably, the device further comprises:

[0076] The data matching module comprises an index matching module;

[0077] The index matching module is configured to: based on matching the user PCI with the base station PCIs in the offline fingerprint database, acquire the index of the PCI matching data, search the index of the RSRP in the offline fingerprint database according to the index, if the index of the RSRP is equal to the index of the PCI, extract the RSRP value of the base station corresponding to the index. PCI PCI RSRP PCI RSRP RSRP

[0078] In summary, the present application has the following effects:

[0079] The present application provides a 5G positioning method based on PCI matching applied to outdoor positioning, which acquires user communication parameters and offline fingerprint databases including user PCIs and base station PCIs, searches the offline fingerprint database based on the user PCI, acquires matching data in cooperation with RSRP data, constructs a dynamic fingerprint database according to index data, and fits and calculates the positioning data of the user. The positioning method and the positioning device introduced by the present application can determine the base station before RSRP positioning through the introduction of the PCI containing positioning data and multi-feature matching, further reduce the to-be-positioned area, eliminate the influence of other base station data, avoid the great positioning error caused by a large number of position RSRP values being the same, and further improve the positioning accuracy.

[0080] ​​​​​​Based on the present application, one of ordinary skill in the art should appreciate that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspects and that combinations of two or more of the aspects can be made in various ways. For example, devices can be implemented and / or methods can be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, such a device and / or method can be implemented and / or practiced using other structure and / or functionality in addition to or other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0081] Those skilled in the art understand that, in addition to implementing the system provided by the present application and each device, module, unit thereof in the form of pure computer readable program code, the system provided by the present application and each device, module, unit thereof can also be implemented by logically programming the method steps to realize the same functions in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers and embedded microcontrollers. Therefore, the system provided by the present application and each device, module, unit thereof can be considered as a hardware component, and the devices, modules, units included therein for realizing various functions can also be considered as structures within the hardware component; the devices, modules, units for realizing various functions can also be considered as both software modules for realizing methods and structures within hardware components.

[0082] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed. The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

[0083] All documents mentioned in the present application are cited as references in the present application, just as each document is cited as a reference. In addition, it should be understood that, after reading the above description of the present application, those skilled in the art can make various modifications or modifications to the present application, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope of the claims attached to the present application.

Claims

1. A 5G positioning method based on PCI matching, applied to positioning in outdoor scenes, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Acquire user communication parameters, where the communication parameters include at least the user physical cell identifier (PCI). Step S2: Obtain an offline fingerprint database, wherein the offline fingerprint database at least includes the base station PCI; Step S3: searching the offline fingerprint database based on the user PCI to obtain matching data; Step S3 further includes: Step S3.1: Match the user PCI with the base station PCI in the offline fingerprint database to obtain the index of the PCI matching data. PCI ; Step S3.2: Based on the index PCI Matching with the RSRP in the offline fingerprint library to obtain matching data; the step S3.2 includes: According to the index PCI , search the RSRP index in the offline fingerprint library RSRP , if index PCI =index RSRP , extract index RSRP Corresponding base station RSRP value; Step S4: using the set of base station RSRP values ​​as matching data, and building a dynamic fingerprint library based on the matching data; Step S5, calculating the user's location coordinates based on the dynamic fingerprint library; Step S5 includes: Perform regression calculation on the dynamic fingerprint database data based on one or more of the K-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm, random forest regression algorithm, vector machine regression algorithm, and XGboost regression algorithm to fit and calculate the user's location coordinates; The communication parameters and the offline fingerprint library further include reference signal received power RSRP.

2. The 5G positioning method based on PCI matching according to claim 1, characterized in that The offline fingerprint database construction process includes: collecting data through crowdsourcing, collecting the longitude and latitude of the user's location, and the base station PCI and base station RSRP of the primary base station to which the user belongs, that is, the neighboring base station.

3. The 5G positioning method based on PCI matching according to claim 2, characterized in that After obtaining the longitude and latitude of the user's location, as well as the base station PCI and base station RSRP of the primary base station to which the user belongs, that is, the neighboring base station, the method further includes: integrating the data of the offline fingerprint library, wherein the data integration includes cleaning the offline fingerprint library data and establishing a one-to-one mapping relationship between the base station PCI and the base station RSRP of each base station.

4. A 5G positioning device based on PCI matching, applied to positioning in outdoor scenes, characterized in that: include: A communication parameter acquisition module, configured to acquire the user's communication parameters, wherein the communication parameters include at least the user's physical cell identifier (PCI); An offline fingerprint library acquisition module is used to acquire an offline fingerprint library, wherein the offline fingerprint library includes at least a base station PCI; Data matching module, which matches the user PCI with the base station PCI in the offline fingerprint library and obtains the index index of the PCI matching data PCI ; Based on the index PCI Match with RSRP in the offline fingerprint library to obtain matching data; according to the index PCI , search the RSRP index in the offline fingerprint library RSRP , if index PCI =index RSRP , extract index RSRP Corresponding base station RSRP value; A dynamic fingerprint library construction module, wherein the dynamic fingerprint library construction module uses the set of base station RSRP values ​​as matching data and constructs a dynamic fingerprint library based on the matching data; A calculation module, which performs regression calculation on the dynamic fingerprint library data based on one or more of a K-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm, a random forest regression algorithm, a vector machine regression algorithm, and an XGboost regression algorithm to fit and calculate the user's location coordinates; The communication parameters and the offline fingerprint library further include reference signal received power RSRP.

Images