High-temperature-resistant and heat-vibration-resistant ceramic fiber filter tube and air guide assembly composed of high-temperature-resistant and heat-vibration-resistant ceramic fiber filter tube

Abstract

The invention provides a high-temperature-resistant and heat-vibration-resistant ceramic fiber filter tube which comprises a rigid framework and a ceramic fiber filter membrane, the rigid framework is a tube body with one open end and one sealed end, a plurality of vent holes are formed in the rigid framework, and the ceramic fiber filter membrane is fixedly wrapped on the outer edge surface of the rigid framework. The ceramic fiber filter pipe is divided into the pipe body type rigid framework and the ceramic fiber filter membrane wrapping the rigid framework, and the rigid framework is arranged on the premise that the basic filtering and purifying function is met, on one hand, the connecting strength of the sealing position of the ceramic fiber filter pipe and a faceplate in the purifying device can be effectively improved; on the other hand, thermal shock impact of the ceramic fiber filter pipe can be effectively avoided, the service life of the ceramic fiber filter pipe is effectively prolonged, and daily maintenance and repair workload is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of filtering devices, and in particular to a high temperature and heat vibration resistant ceramic fiber filter tube and an air guide component composed of the ceramic fiber filter tube. Background Art

[0002] High temperature gas dust removal is a technology that realizes gas purification by directly separating gas and solid at the high temperature end under high temperature conditions. It can maximize the use of the physical sensible heat, chemical latent heat and kinetic energy of the gas and make the most effective use of the useful resources in the gas. At the same time, it must effectively capture and remove ultrafine particles below PM5 or PM2.5 to achieve the environmental protection standard outlet concentration of <5-10mg / Nm 3 and the requirements of subsequent heat energy utilization processes. The high-temperature dust removal technology with the greatest potential to solve the above problems is the high-temperature flue gas filtration dust removal technology. Therefore, the high-temperature flue gas filtration theory and technology are not only a highly challenging and urgently needed scientific and technological difficulty, but also a research hotspot for the power, energy and related processing industries, an important research topic in the filtration industry, and a cross-century high-tech technology at home and abroad.

[0003] The ceramic fiber filter tube is the core component of the high-temperature flue gas purification device. Compared with the traditional filter bag, the ceramic fiber filter tube has the advantages of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, erosion resistance, high precision, easy loading of catalyst, etc. It is currently an ideal dust removal and purification filter element. Generally speaking, the ceramic fiber filter tube is a tubular filter element composed of ceramic fibers. Due to its high porosity and high temperature resistance, it can be used for filtering industrial high-temperature exhaust gas, such as for filtering exhaust gas emitted by industrial combustion. When in use, the ceramic fiber filter tube is installed in the filter, and one end of the filter is connected to the exhaust device. The exhaust device reduces the pressure inside the ceramic fiber filter tube, and the exhaust gas is sucked from the outside of the ceramic fiber filter tube into the inside, so that the dust contained in the exhaust gas is isolated from the outer wall of the ceramic fiber filter tube, and the filtering effect is achieved. After working for a period of time, a thick dust layer will gather on the outer surface of the ceramic fiber filter tube to form a filter cake, which affects the filtering effect. At this time, the ceramic fiber filter tube needs to be backblown. The general backflush system uses high-pressure gas to penetrate from the inside of the ceramic fiber filter tube to the outside, peeling the filter cake from the outer surface of the ceramic fiber filter tube, thereby restoring the filtering efficiency.

[0004] Ceramic fiber filtration has higher reliability in treating ultra-high temperature flue gas, especially ultra-high temperature flue gas (flue gas temperature ≥500℃). The resistance of ceramic fiber filter is higher than that of ordinary fiber filter (bag filter), so great attention should be paid to the cleaning design. Because ceramic fiber filter usually has ceramic coating, the pore size of the coating can reach the level of ultrafiltration (below 0.1μm). Therefore, the filtering effect of the residual dust layer is meaningless, that is, there is no problem of excessive cleaning, so increasing the cleaning intensity is beneficial to reducing the operating resistance. Ceramic fiber filtration belongs to surface filtration, and its filtration mechanism is the same as that of ordinary coated fiber filter material; ceramic fiber filter unit is rigid and requires a large pulse backwash pressure.

[0005] However, ceramic fiber filter tubes still have some shortcomings: (1) Because they are rigid, brittle, and have high porosity, their strength is relatively low. When subjected to external forces, they may break and disintegrate at the clamping end or other stress-bearing end (for example, the ceramic fiber filter tube and the flower disc in the purification device often cause a small longitudinal thermal expansion at the seal, which may cause it to break), causing inconvenience in use and requiring frequent replacement, which increases the cost of use. (2) Although ceramic filter materials have the above advantages, for production process characteristics such as converters or electric furnace steelmaking, that is, the treated flue gas is always in a working state of alternating rapid heating and rapid cooling. When using ceramic fiber filter tubes to filter and purify ultra-high temperature flue gas (i.e., flue gas temperature ≥550-950℃), the ceramic fiber filter tubes are subjected to large alternating thermal stress (thermal shock). Under the action of alternating thermal stress, the ceramic fiber filter tubes have a short service life and require a large workload for daily maintenance and repair, which will have a significant impact on converters or electric furnace steelmaking. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art. The present invention proposes a high temperature and heat vibration resistant ceramic fiber filter tube and an air guide component composed of the same, ensuring that the ceramic fiber filter tube and the filtering and purification device composed of the same can be effectively used in high temperature flue gas filtering and purification processing.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a high temperature and heat vibration resistant ceramic fiber filter tube, including a rigid frame and a ceramic fiber filter membrane, the rigid frame is a tube body with one end open and the other end sealed, a plurality of ventilation holes are opened on the rigid frame, and the ceramic fiber filter membrane is fixedly covered on the outer edge surface of the rigid frame.

[0008] Furthermore, a plurality of ventilation hole circles are arranged along the length direction of the rigid frame, and in each ventilation hole circle, the spacing between adjacent ventilation holes is the same.

[0009] Furthermore, adjacent ventilation hole circles are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0010] Furthermore, on the rigid frame, the opening rate of the ventilation holes is 75-85%.

[0011] Furthermore, a fitting ring and a limiting ring are fixedly arranged at one end of the opening of the rigid frame, and the fitting ring and the limiting ring are fixedly arranged at one end of the opening of the rigid frame in sequence.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner diameters of the limiting ring and the interlocking ring are the same as the inner diameter of the rigid frame, the outer diameters of the interlocking ring and the limiting ring are both larger than the outer diameter of the rigid frame, and the outer diameter of the limiting ring is larger than the outer diameter of the interlocking ring.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of cam ring strips are fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the outer edge surface of the upper section of the rigid frame.

[0014] Furthermore, the end of the ceramic fiber filter membrane is fixedly disposed on the lower surface of the chimeric ring and is tightly fitted with the outer edge surface of the rigid frame.

[0015] Furthermore, the rigid skeleton is composed of phase change thermal storage material, and the phase change thermal storage material is any one of metal and alloy phase change thermal storage materials, molten salt phase change thermal storage materials, carbonate phase change thermal storage materials, metal-based composite phase change thermal storage materials and ceramic-based composite phase change thermal storage materials.

[0016] Furthermore, an air guide component is composed of an air guide sleeve and a ceramic fiber filter tube that is resistant to high temperature and heat vibration. The air guide sleeve is a hollow through structure, and a notch is provided at the upper end of the air guide sleeve for inserting the ceramic fiber filter tube. The inner diameter of the notch is the same as the outer diameter of the mosaic section; the air guide sleeve is also made of phase change heat storage material.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0018] 1) By splitting the ceramic fiber filter tube into a rigid frame of a tube body and a ceramic fiber filter membrane coated outside the rigid frame, the rigid frame is set to meet the basic filtering and purification functions. On the one hand, it can effectively improve the connection strength of the sealing part between the ceramic fiber filter tube and the flower disc in the purification device, and on the other hand, it can effectively avoid the thermal shock of the ceramic fiber filter tube, effectively improve the service life of the ceramic fiber filter tube, and reduce the workload of daily maintenance and repair;

[0019] 2) By making the rigid frame of the ceramic fiber filter tube with phase change heat storage material, the ceramic fiber filter tube has both the filtering and purification functions and the function of a heat accumulator. When the high-temperature flue gas passes through the ceramic fiber filter tube for filtering and purification, part of the heat of the high-temperature flue gas can be stored therein, and when the low-temperature flue gas passes through the ceramic fiber filter tube for filtering and purification, the heat stored therein can be released to heat the ceramic fiber filter membrane, ensuring that the ceramic fiber filter tube operates within a relatively constant temperature range, effectively preventing the ceramic fiber filter tube from being subjected to large alternating thermal stress. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The disclosure of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same components. Among them:

[0021] Figure 1 The cross-sectional structure of a ceramic fiber filter tube that is resistant to high temperatures and thermal vibrations is schematically shown;

[0022] Figure 2 The enlarged structure of a ceramic fiber filter tube that is resistant to high temperatures and thermal vibrations is schematically shown;

[0023] Figure 3 The local enlarged structure of region A is schematically shown;

[0024] Figure 4 The cross-sectional structure of the gas guide assembly is schematically shown;

[0025] Figure 5 The cross-sectional structure of an axial cyclone is schematically shown.

[0026] Numbers in the figure: 1-rigid skeleton, 2-ceramic fiber filter membrane, 3-vent, 4-vent ring, 5-limiting ring, 6-embedded ring, 7-cam ring strip, 8-air guide sleeve, 9-separation cavity, 10-vortex flow guide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] It is easy to understand that according to the technical solution of the present invention, without changing the essential spirit of the present invention, a person skilled in the art can propose a variety of interchangeable structural modes and implementation modes. Therefore, the following specific implementation modes and drawings are only exemplary descriptions of the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be regarded as the whole of the present invention or as a limitation or restriction to the technical solution of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 1 The cross-sectional structure of a high temperature resistant and heat vibration resistant ceramic fiber filter tube is schematically shown. Figure 1As shown, it includes a rigid skeleton 1 and a ceramic fiber filter membrane 2, wherein the rigid skeleton 1 is a tube body with one end open and the other end sealed, a plurality of vent holes 3 are provided on the rigid skeleton 1, and the ceramic fiber filter membrane 2 is fixedly wrapped on the outer edge surface of the rigid skeleton 1 by winding. By dividing the entire ceramic fiber filter tube into two parts, the rigid skeleton 1 is used to enhance the rigidity and strength of the ceramic fiber filter tube, and solve the strength problem of the sealing part between the ceramic fiber filter tube and the flower disc in the purification device, thereby avoiding the situation that may cause the ceramic fiber filter tube to rupture.

[0029] Figure 2 The enlarged structure of the ceramic fiber filter tube that is resistant to high temperature and heat vibration is shown schematically. Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of vent holes 4 are provided on the rigid frame 1 along its length direction; in each vent hole circle 4, the spacing between adjacent vent holes 3 is the same; the spacing between the vent hole circles 4 can be the same or different, and it is only necessary to ensure that the opening rate of the vent holes 3 opened on the rigid frame 1 is 75-85%.

[0030] In some embodiments, the ventilation holes 3 in adjacent ventilation hole circles 4 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the rigid frame 1; while in other embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the adjacent vent circles 4 are staggered, specifically: the upper vent circle 4 is provided with vent holes 3 at equal intervals based on the outer edge of the rigid frame 1, and the lower vent circle 4 is also provided with vent holes 3 at equal intervals based on the outer edge of the rigid frame 1, the difference is that the opening position of the vent holes 3 in the lower vent circle 4 is the spacing position between the adjacent vent holes 3 in the upper vent circle 4, thereby realizing the staggered setting of the adjacent vent circles 4. And among the aforementioned multiple vent circles 4, the vent holes 3 in the multiple vent circles 4 arranged at intervals are all opened at equal intervals along the length direction of the rigid frame 1, that is, the staggered setting of the aforementioned vent circles 4 is only for adjacent vent circles 4, and the opening positions of the vent holes 3 in the vent circles 4 arranged at intervals are completely consistent, the only difference is that they are located at different heights on the rigid frame 1.

[0031] Since the structure of the rigid skeleton 1 is a tube body with one end open and the other end sealed, the sealed end is actually a semicircular structure. Therefore, the vent ring 4 arranged thereon needs to be positioned at equal angles with respect to the semicircular structure, and vent holes 3 are opened along the thickness direction of the rigid skeleton 1. The spacing between adjacent vent holes 3 in the vent ring 4 arranged at this location remains the same, but the spacing between adjacent vent holes 3 can be correspondingly reduced compared to the straight line segment of the rigid skeleton 1, and the staggered arrangement can be simultaneously used to complete the opening of the vent holes 3 in this area.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, a fitting ring 6 and a limiting ring 5 are fixedly arranged at one end of the opening of the rigid frame 1, and the fitting ring 6 and the limiting ring 5 are fixedly arranged at the opening end of the rigid frame 1 in sequence. The inner diameter of the aforementioned limiting ring 5 and fitting ring 6 is the same as the inner diameter of the rigid frame 1, that is, the opening end of the rigid frame 1, the limiting ring 5 and the inner wall of the fitting ring 6 are smoothly connected as a whole; the outer diameters of the fitting ring 6 and the limiting ring 5 are both larger than the outer diameter of the rigid frame 1 and the outer diameter of the limiting ring 5 is larger than the outer diameter of the fitting ring 6, so that the opening end of the rigid frame 1, the fitting ring 6 and the limiting ring 5 form a structure like a ladder, which is used to complete the fixation of the ceramic fiber filter tube.

[0033] Figure 3 The schematic diagram shows the local enlarged structure of area A, as shown in Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of cam ring strips 7 are fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the outer edge surface of the upper section of the rigid skeleton 1, and the end of the ceramic fiber filter membrane 2 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the interlocking ring 6 and is tightly fitted with the outer edge surface of the rigid skeleton 1. The cam ring strips 7 arranged on the rigid skeleton 1 can increase the fitting contact area between the ceramic fiber filter membrane 2 and the upper section of the rigid skeleton 1, and form a multi-pass maze structure, which more effectively ensures the fitting strength and sealing between the upper section of the rigid skeleton 1 and the ceramic fiber filter membrane 2; wherein the opening rate of the ceramic fiber filter membrane 2 is 85-90%, which is used for effective ultra-clean filtration treatment of high-temperature flue gas.

[0034] It is worth noting that the aforementioned rigid skeleton 1 is composed of phase change heat storage materials, and the phase change heat storage materials are any one of metal and alloy phase change heat storage materials, molten salt phase change heat storage materials, carbonate phase change heat storage materials, metal-based composite phase change heat storage materials, and ceramic-based composite phase change heat storage materials. Among them, alloy phase change heat storage materials include aluminum silicon alloy phase change heat storage materials and copper alloy phase change heat storage materials, among which molten salt phase change heat storage materials include fluoride salts and their eutectic compounds, such as LiF-NaF-KF eutectic salt; among them, carbonate phase change composite materials such as Li2CO3-Na2CO3-K2CO3 eutectic salt; among them, metal-based composite phase change heat storage materials include aluminum-based / silicon carbide composite phase change heat storage materials; among them, ceramic-based composite phase change heat storage materials include zirconium oxide / inorganic salt composite phase change heat storage materials, which can be selected according to actual needs. By using phase change heat storage materials to make the rigid skeleton 1 of the ceramic fiber filter tube, it can have the basic functions while also having the function of a heat storage device. Specifically: when high-temperature flue gas (T≥750-950℃) is filtered and purified through the ceramic fiber filter tube, the rigid skeleton 1 made of phase change heat storage material in the ceramic fiber filter tube will first store part of the heat in the high-temperature flue gas through its huge latent heat capacity; and when low-temperature flue gas (T≤450-550℃) is filtered and purified through the ceramic fiber filter tube, the rigid skeleton 1 made of phase change heat storage material will release the heat stored in the high-temperature flue gas when it passes through, and heat the ceramic fiber filter membrane 2 of the ceramic fiber filter tube. When filtering and purifying high-temperature flue gas, the rigid skeleton 1 of the ceramic fiber filter tube made of phase change heat storage material stores and releases the heat energy of the high-temperature flue gas to solve the contradiction between the supply and demand of heat energy in time and intensity, and basically ensure that the ceramic fiber filter tube works in a relatively constant high temperature range, thereby effectively avoiding the ceramic fiber filter tube from being subjected to large alternating thermal stress (thermal shock) due to production process characteristics similar to converter or electric furnace steelmaking (i.e., the treated flue gas is always in a working state of alternating cycles of rapid heating and rapid cooling).

[0035] Figure 4 The cross-sectional structure of the gas guide component is schematically shown. Figure 4As shown, it also includes an air guide component, which is composed of an air guide pipe and the above-mentioned high temperature resistant and heat vibration resistant ceramic fiber filter tube, wherein the air guide pipe is a hollow through structure, and a notch for inserting the ceramic fiber filter tube is provided at the upper end of the air guide sleeve 8, and the inner diameter of the notch is the same as the outer diameter of the embedded ring 6, that is, when the ceramic fiber filter tube is inserted into the air guide sleeve 8 from the notch, its embedded ring 6 can be just embedded in the notch, and the limiting ring 5 is located on the upper surface of the air guide sleeve 8, and the limiting ring 5 can be fixed on the upper surface of the air guide sleeve 8 by bolts, wherein the air guide sleeve 8 is also made of the same phase change heat storage material as the rigid skeleton 1 of the ceramic fiber filter tube, and the high temperature flue gas can enter from the lower end of the air guide sleeve 8, and the ceramic fiber filter tube located in the air guide sleeve 8 completes the filtering and purification treatment of the high temperature flue gas, and then the clean gas is output from the open end of the ceramic fiber filter tube.

[0036] The aforementioned air guide assembly can be applied to the axial cyclone. Figure 5 The schematic diagram shows the cross-sectional structure of the axial cyclone. Figure 5 As shown, the axial cyclone includes an air guide component and a separation chamber 9, wherein the separation chamber 9 includes a first vertical section, a second vertical section and an inclined section, one end of the inclined section is connected to the lower edge of the first vertical section, and the other end is connected to the upper edge of the second vertical section, the diameter of the first vertical section is larger than the diameter of the second vertical section, and the first vertical section, the second vertical section and the inclined section are located on the same axis, so that the separation chamber 9 is actually an inverted cone-shaped structure with an inner diameter decreasing from top to bottom.

[0037] The width of the air guide component is smaller than the width of the first vertical section of the separation chamber 9. The air guide component and the separation chamber 9 are also located on the same axis, and the lower end of the air guide component is embedded and fixed in the first vertical section of the separation chamber 9. Specifically, a plurality of vortex flow guide blades 10 are fixedly arranged in the first vertical section based on the inner wall of the first vertical section, and the air guide component is embedded and fixed based on the other end of the vortex flow guide blade 10, that is, the aforementioned vortex flow guide blade 10 is fixedly arranged based on the outer wall of the air guide component extending into the first vertical section and the inner wall of the first vertical section.

[0038] The ceramic fiber filter tube is set in the air guide sleeve 8 in the center of each axial cyclone to achieve ultra-clean filtration of high-temperature flue gas, reaching the environmental protection standard outlet concentration of <5-10mg / Nm 3 At the same time, it can also avoid the impact and wear of dust in the high-temperature flue gas on the waste heat boiler, and avoid the dust in the high-temperature flue gas from gathering, clogging and structure on the heat exchange surface of the waste heat boiler, thereby improving the stability and safety of the entire high-temperature flue gas purification and filtration and full waste heat recovery system.

[0039] By providing the air guide sleeve 8 and the vortex flow guide plate 10 in the separation chamber 9, the large particles of high-temperature dust and sparks contained in the high-temperature flue gas can be effectively removed first, reducing the probability of gas explosion. At the same time, the high-temperature flue gas is roughly purified, reducing the workload of purification and filtration treatment of the ceramic fiber filter tube, and reducing the impact and wear of the dust in the high-temperature flue gas on the ceramic fiber filter tube.

[0040] The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents in the above description. Those skilled in the art can make various deformations and modifications to the above embodiments without departing from the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and these deformations and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ceramic fiber filter tube resistant to high temperature and heat vibration, characterized in that: It comprises a rigid frame (1) and a ceramic fiber filter membrane (2), wherein the rigid frame (1) is a tube body with one end open and the other end sealed, a plurality of ventilation holes (3) are provided on the rigid frame (1), and the ceramic fiber filter membrane (2) is fixedly coated on the outer edge surface of the rigid frame (1).

2. The high temperature and heat vibration resistant ceramic fiber filter tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of ventilation hole circles (4) are arranged along the length direction of the rigid frame (1), and in each ventilation hole circle (4), the spacing between adjacent ventilation holes (3) is the same.

3. The high temperature and heat vibration resistant ceramic fiber filter tube according to claim 2, characterized in that: Adjacent ventilation hole circles (4) are arranged in a staggered manner.

4. The high temperature and heat vibration resistant ceramic fiber filter tube according to claim 3, characterized in that: On the rigid frame (1), the opening rate of the ventilation holes (3) is 75-85%.

5. The high temperature and heat vibration resistant ceramic fiber filter tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: A chimeric ring (6) and a limiting ring (5) are fixedly arranged at one end of the opening of the rigid frame (1); the chimeric ring (6) and the limiting ring (5) are fixedly arranged at one end of the opening of the rigid frame (1) in sequence.

6. The high temperature and heat vibration resistant ceramic fiber filter tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameters of the limiting ring (5) and the interlocking ring (6) are the same as the inner diameter of the rigid frame (1); the outer diameters of the interlocking ring (6) and the limiting ring (5) are both larger than the outer diameter of the rigid frame (1); and the outer diameter of the limiting ring (5) is larger than the outer diameter of the interlocking ring (6).

7. The high temperature and heat vibration resistant ceramic fiber filter tube according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of cam ring strips (7) are fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the outer edge surface of the upper section of the rigid frame (1).

8. The high temperature and heat vibration resistant ceramic fiber filter tube according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the ceramic fiber filter membrane (2) is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the embedded ring (6) and is tightly fitted with the outer edge surface of the rigid frame (1).

9. The high temperature and heat vibration resistant ceramic fiber filter tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rigid skeleton (1) is composed of a phase change heat storage material, and the phase change heat storage material is any one of a metal and alloy phase change heat storage material, a molten salt phase change heat storage material, a carbonate phase change heat storage material, a metal-based composite phase change heat storage material, and a ceramic-based composite phase change heat storage material.

10. An air guide component, characterized in that: It is composed of an air guide sleeve (8) and a high temperature resistant and heat vibration resistant ceramic fiber filter tube as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the air guide sleeve (8) is a hollow through structure, and a notch is provided at the upper end of the air guide sleeve (8) for inserting the ceramic fiber filter tube, and the inner diameter of the notch is the same as the outer diameter of the embedded section; the air guide sleeve (8) is also made of phase change heat storage material.

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