Jet mineralization flotation equipment for micro-fine particle minerals

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mineral flotation separation, in particular to micro-fine particle mineral jet mineralization flotation equipment which comprises a water spraying device, an overflow groove and a flotation column body. The flotation column body is of a cylindrical structure, the upper end and the lower end of the flotation column body are open, and the lower end is a tailing outlet. The overflow groove is formed in the upper end of the flotation column body; the water spraying device is positioned above the overflow groove; an upper efficient mineralization layer and lower micro-nano bubbles are arranged on the flotation column main body; the high-efficiency mineralization layer (I) comprises at least one group of high-efficiency mineralization components and comprises an oscillating jet device, a bubble generator and a feeding pump which are connected in sequence; the micro-nano bubbles (II) comprise at least one group of bubble components, and each bubble component comprises an oscillating jet device and an inflator pump. The gas-liquid mixing effect is enhanced through oscillation flowing, the collision probability and the adhesion strength of bubbles and micro-fine mineral particles are remarkably increased, meanwhile, the equipment structure design is more compact, and efficient separation can be achieved under the low-energy-consumption condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mineral flotation separation, and specifically designs a jet mineralization flotation device for micro-fine-grained minerals. Background Art

[0002] Flotation is an important physical and chemical separation method that achieves the enrichment and separation of target minerals by changing the hydrophobicity difference on the surface of mineral particles. Flotation technology is widely used in the purification of non-ferrous metals, ferrous metals, precious metals and non-metallic minerals. The applicable range of conventional flotation equipment and methods is generally 20μm to 120μm in particle size. Bubble mineralization is the core step to achieve particle separation in the flotation process. However, with the gradual decrease in ore grade and the increase in fine particle ore resources, the limitations of flotation technology are gradually emerging. Fine particles with a particle size of less than 20μm have a large surface area, strong hydration and insufficient inertia. It is difficult for particles and bubbles to collide and mineralize, showing problems of difficulty in adhesion and low separation efficiency.

[0003] Flotation equipment is the key carrier for realizing the flotation process, and its performance directly determines the effect of the flotation process. Traditional flotation equipment, such as mechanical stirring flotation machines and gas injection flotation machines, have limitations when dealing with fine particle flotation, such as uneven bubble distribution, low mineralization efficiency and high energy consumption. In recent years, the research and development of new flotation equipment has focused on improving the gas-liquid mixing efficiency, and finding an efficient mineralization flotation equipment has become a hot topic in the industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of low mineralization efficiency and difficulty in selective separation of ore in the flotation process of fine-particle minerals in the prior art, and to propose a jet mineralization flotation equipment for fine-particle minerals.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A jet mineralization flotation device for fine-grained minerals, comprising a water spraying device, an overflow tank, and a flotation column body;

[0007] The main body of the flotation column is a vertical cylindrical structure with openings at the upper and lower ends and a tailings discharge outlet with a funnel structure at the lower end;

[0008] The overflow tank is installed at the upper end of the flotation column body. The upper part of the overflow tank is open and the bottom is an inclined surface. The upper end of the flotation column body passes through the bottom of the overflow tank, and the connection is sealed.

[0009] The water spray device is located above the overflow tank to eliminate bubbles;

[0010] The main body of the flotation column is provided with an upper efficient mineralization layer I and a lower micro-nano bubble II;

[0011] The high-efficiency mineralization layer I includes at least one group of high-efficiency mineralization components, and the high-efficiency mineralization components include an oscillating ejector, a bubble generator, and a feed pump connected in sequence;

[0012] The micro-nano bubble II comprises at least one group of bubble components, and the bubble components include an oscillating ejector and an air pump;

[0013] The oscillating ejector is installed on the side of the flotation column body, and the ejection direction is horizontal.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment, the oscillating ejector comprises a main channel and a feedback channel;

[0015] The centers of both ends of the main channel are provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the end surface of the inlet end of the main channel has a funnel structure;

[0016] The inlet of the main channel is connected to the feed pump through a bubble generator, and the outlet of the main channel is in the main body of the flotation column;

[0017] A feedback channel is provided on each side of the main channel, the inlet end of the feedback channel is connected to the side position of the main channel close to the outlet, and the outlet end of the feedback channel is connected to the inlet position of the main channel;

[0018] The end surface of the main channel near the outlet is a collision wall, and the collision wall is a structure that gradually inwardly tilts toward the center;

[0019] In the main channel, the shortest path between the inlet and the outlet is the separation zone, and the area around the separation zone is the cavitation vortex zone;

[0020] The outlet of the main channel is provided with a nozzle cavity with a gradually increasing diameter.

[0021] As a further preferred embodiment, the bubble generator is a Venturi tube bubble generator, which includes a feed section and a contraction section, the contraction section is connected to the inlet of the main channel, the feed section is connected to the feed pump, and the connection between the feed section and the contraction section has a transition section with a gradually decreasing inner diameter.

[0022] As a further preferred solution, the efficient mineralization layer I is located at 2 / 3 of the height of the flotation column body, and the micro-nano bubble II is located at 1 / 3 of the height of the flotation column body;

[0023] Fine-grained minerals are mainly mineralized by collision in the efficient mineralization layer I, and the target minerals combine with bubbles and float up to become concentrates; micro-nano bubbles II are the enhanced recovery area, which are used for the secondary mineralization of some concentrate particles that have not been mineralized in the bubbles of the efficient mineralization layer I, and the rest are tailings.

[0024] As a further preferred solution, the high-efficiency mineralization layer I is provided with two groups of high-efficiency mineralization components, which are respectively located on both sides of the flotation column body; the micro-nano bubble II is provided with two groups of bubble components, which are respectively located on both sides of the flotation column body.

[0025] As a further preferred solution, the diameter D1 of the feeding section is 40 to 80 mm, and the length is 1 to 2 times the diameter of the feeding section; the diameter D2 of the contraction section is 1 / 2 to 1 / 3 of D1, and the length is 1 to 2 times the diameter of the contraction section.

[0026] As a further preferred embodiment, the length of the separation zone and the cavitation vortex zone of the oscillating ejector is 5 to 8 times the diameter of the contraction section.

[0027] As a further preferred solution, the collision wall has an inclination angle D3, where D3 is the angle between the surfaces in the main channel that are perpendicular to the water flow direction, and the angle is 25° to 45°.

[0028] As a further preferred solution, the diameter of the feedback channel is the same as that of the contraction section, the distance between the inlet of the feedback channel and the collision wall is 10-20 mm, and the outlet of the feedback channel is connected to the contraction section near the inlet of the main channel.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following technical effects:

[0030] The jet mineralization flotation equipment for fine-grained minerals of the present invention adopts a unique feeding method. When the ore pulp and bubbles enter the oscillating ejector, efficient collision mineralization further occurs in the oscillating ejector. The fully mineralized particles are ejected from the nozzle outlet in the form of high-speed jets, forming intermittent pulse jets, thereby ensuring efficient mineralization of the particles and bubbles and uniform distribution of the ore pulp and bubbles in the flotation equipment.

[0031] Particles and bubbles will experience a series of highly complex and delicate dynamic changes in the oscillating ejector, including fluid acceleration, the generation and rupture of cavitation bubbles, the collision mineralization of particles and bubbles, and the enhanced disturbance of the flow field. In this process, fine particles will fully collide with bubbles and mineralize. At the same time, under the action of the cavitation jet, the particles in the slurry are affected by the micro-jets and shock waves generated by the rupture of cavitation bubbles, the hydration film on the particle surface is effectively peeled off, the particle activation is enhanced, and the collision probability of bubbles and particles is increased.

[0032] The slurry fluids enter the column in opposite directions, causing convective impact of the slurry in the column, promoting the vibration and shedding of high-ash fine mud entrained between the bubbles and high-ash fine particles covering the surface of the concentrate, inhibiting the floating of tailings particles, and improving the sorting accuracy of concentrates and tailings. The convective impact will also promote the collision of unmineralized concentrate particles with bubbles again. The oscillating ejector in the lower area is mainly used to generate micro-nano bubbles. The micro-nano bubbles enter the column at a high speed through the oscillating ejector, causing the concentrate particles that have not been mineralized with the bubbles to collide and mineralize again, ensuring the recovery rate of fine minerals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a top view of the efficient mineralized layer (I);

[0035] Figure 3 It is the top view of micro-nanobubble (Ⅱ);

[0036] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oscillating ejector;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slurry oscillation jet process;

[0038] Among them, 1. water spraying device; 2. overflow trough; 3. flotation column body; 4. oscillating ejector; 41. main channel; 42. feedback channel; 43. feeding section; 44. contraction section; 45. transition section; 46. nozzle cavity; 47. collision wall; 48. separation zone; 49. cavitation vortex zone; 5. bubble generator; 6. feeding pump; 7. inflation pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to improve the collision mineralization efficiency of fine particles, the present invention discloses a jet mineralization flotation equipment for fine-particle minerals, including a flotation column body 3, a spray water device 1, and an overflow trough 2. The flotation column body 3 is a vertical cylindrical structure, and the overflow trough 2 is fixedly connected above the flotation column body 3 for the aggregation and discharge of concentrates. The spray water device 1 is located above the overflow trough 2 for rapid defoaming of concentrate products; the discharge port of the flotation column body 3 is conical for the discharge of tailings.

[0041] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the flotation column body 3 has an upper efficient mineralization layer (I) and a lower micro-nano bubble (II), both of which are fixedly installed on the outside of the flotation column body 3. The efficient mineralization layer (I) is used for particle-bubble efficient mineralization, and the micro-nano bubble (II) is used for the generation of micro-nano bubbles.

[0042] Furthermore, the efficient mineralization layer (I) is located at 2 / 3 of the height of the flotation column body 3 , and the micro-nano bubbles (II) are located at 1 / 3 of the height of the flotation column body 3 .

[0043] The high-efficiency mineralization layer (I) is composed of two sets of symmetrically arranged high-efficiency mineralization components, which include a feed pump 6, a bubble generator 5 and an oscillating ejector 4. The micro-nano bubble (II) is composed of two sets of symmetrically arranged bubble components, an inflation pump 7 and an oscillating ejector 4.

[0044] Specifically, the efficient mineralization layer (I) is the mineralization feeding area, where fine-grained minerals mainly undergo collision mineralization, and the target minerals combine with bubbles and float up to become concentrates; the micro-nano bubbles (II) are the enhanced recovery area, which are used for the secondary mineralization of some concentrate particles that have not been mineralized with the bubbles.

[0045] The feed pump 6 of the high-efficiency mineralization component in the high-efficiency mineralization layer (I) continuously injects slurry, and the bubble generator 5 is a venturi tube bubble generator. When the high-speed moving slurry passes through the bubble generator structure, the slurry transportation speed increases sharply due to the reduction of the pipeline diameter, resulting in a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pipe, prompting the gas to quickly enter the pipeline and mix with the slurry. The bubble generator 5 enters the air from the side and combines with the slurry to form a slurry with bubbles. Finally, the slurry injected by the feed pump 6 enters the oscillating ejector 4 together, and the slurry is further broken and dispersed in the oscillating ejector 4 to form uniform small bubbles. The small bubbles and the slurry collide and mineralize in the upper oscillating ejector. The small-sized bubbles will improve the mineralization efficiency of fine particles. At the same time, the oscillating structure space further intensifies the full mixing and collision contact between particles and bubbles.

[0046] The two high-efficiency mineralization components in the high-efficiency mineralization layer (I) form a tendency to spray against each other, so that the slurry with tiny foam sprayed out from the two high-efficiency mineralization components can offset each other, further strengthening the combination and adhesion of the fine-grained minerals in the slurry with the foam. Finally, the foam floats up in the flotation column body 3, overflows the flotation column body 3 into the overflow tank 2, and gathers at the bottom of the slope of the overflow tank 2. At this point, the main concentrate in the slurry is obtained.

[0047] The bubble assembly in the micro-nano bubble (II) includes an air pump 7 and the same oscillating ejector 4 as in the high-efficiency mineralization layer (I). The air pump 7 injects gas, which is combined with the oscillating ejector 4 and then injected into the flotation column body 3 to form fine bubbles, which can capture the fine-grained minerals not captured in the high-efficiency mineralization layer (I) in this area, and the foam generated by the bubble assembly in the micro-nano bubble (II) floats up and is transferred to the overflow tank 2 to form a concentrate. Similarly, the hedging of the two bubble assemblies in the micro-nano bubble (II) also strengthens the combination and adhesion of the fine-grained minerals in the ore pulp with the foam.

[0048] Finally, the residual materials in the slurry, such as stones, are discharged from the tailings outlet at the bottom of the flotation column body 3.

[0049] Figure 1In the figure, the area between the two waves in the flotation column body 3 and the overflow tank 2 is the foam area, and the lower part of the waves of the flotation column body 3 is the pulp area.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, the oscillating ejector 4 includes a main channel 41 and a feedback channel 42; the main channel 41 has an inlet and an outlet at the centers of both ends, the main channel 41 adopts an axisymmetric streamlined structure, and the inlet end of the main channel 41 has a funnel structure;

[0051] The bubble generator 5 is a venturi bubble generator, and includes a feed section 43 and a contraction section 44. The contraction section 44 is connected to the inlet of the main channel 41, and the feed section 43 is connected to the feed pump 6. The connection between the feed section 43 and the contraction section 44 has a transition section 45 with a gradually decreasing inner diameter.

[0052] The outlet of the main channel 41 is provided with a nozzle cavity 46 with a gradually increasing diameter to form a certain range of sweeping; a feedback channel 42 is provided on each side of the main channel 41, and the outlet end of the feedback channel 42 is connected to the contraction section 44 or the inlet position of the main channel 41, and the inlet end is connected to the side position of the main channel 41 close to the outlet; the end face of one end of the outlet of the main channel 41 is a collision wall 47, and the collision wall 47 is a structure that is gradually concave and inclined toward the center; so that the main jet is stabilized and sticks to the side wall, and part of the fluid passes through the feedback channel again, and finally re-extrudes and acts on the main jet, causing it to deflect the jet direction, thereby causing oscillation.

[0053] In the main channel 41 , the shortest path between the inlet and the outlet is the separation zone 48 , and the area around the separation zone 48 is the cavitation vortex zone 49 .

[0054] Specifically, the diameter D1 of the feeding section 43 is 40-80 mm, and the length is 1-2 times the diameter of the feeding section 43; the diameter D2 of the contraction section 44 is 1 / 2-1 / 3D1, and the length is 1-2 times the diameter of the contraction section 44, which is used to ensure stable and smooth flow and form a pressure difference inside and outside the tube in the contraction section.

[0055] The length of the separation zone 48 and the cavitation eddy zone 49 of the oscillating ejector 4 is 5 to 8 times the diameter of the contraction section 44, forming a local spacious area and providing sufficient action space so that the particles and bubbles can maintain the dynamic oscillation and cavitation bubble rupture. Under the action of the cavitation jet, the particles in the cavitation eddy zone are affected by the microjets and shock waves generated by the cavitation bubble rupture, the hydration film on the surface of the particles is effectively stripped off, the activity of the particles is enhanced, and the probability of collision between bubbles and particles is increased.

[0056] Furthermore, the collision wall 47 has an inclination angle D3, where D3 is the angle between the surfaces in the main channel 41 that are perpendicular to the water flow direction, and the angle is 25° to 45°. If the angle is too small or too large, a stable oscillation effect cannot be generated.

[0057] Furthermore, the diameter of the feedback channel 42 is the same as that of the contraction section 44, the distance between the inlet of the feedback channel 42 and the collision wall 47 is 10-20 mm, and the outlet of the feedback channel 42 is connected to the inlet of the contraction section 44 near the main channel 41. Under the Coanda effect, the bubble / slurry mixture in the upper oscillating ejector and the fluid in the lower oscillating ejector cause the main jet to gradually deviate from its central flow path and stick to the side wall, and part of the fluid passes through the feedback channel and finally acts on the main jet again, causing it to produce a periodic oscillating jet process.

[0058] The oscillating ejectors in the mineralizing feeding zone and the enhanced recovery zone are arranged horizontally to release the slurry and bubbles evenly over the cross section of the column.

[0059] The mineralized slurry fluid in the mineralized feeding area enters the column in opposite directions, causing the slurry to undergo convection impact in the column, promoting the vibration and shedding of high-ash fine mud entrained between the bubbles and high-ash fine particles covering the surface of the concentrate, inhibiting the floating of tailings particles and improving the separation accuracy of concentrates and tailings. The convection impact will also promote the collision of unmineralized concentrate particles with bubbles again.

[0060] The oscillating ejector in the lower area is mainly used to generate micro-nano bubbles. The micro-nano bubbles enter the column at high speed through the oscillating ejector, causing the concentrate particles that have not been mineralized with the bubbles to collide and mineralize again, thereby ensuring the recovery rate of fine-grained minerals.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A jet mineralization flotation equipment for fine-grained minerals, characterized in that: It comprises a water spraying device (1), an overflow tank (2), and a flotation column body (3); The flotation column body (3) is a vertical cylindrical structure, with openings at the upper and lower ends, and a tailings discharge outlet with a funnel structure at the lower end; The overflow trough (2) is installed at the upper end of the flotation column body (3); the upper part of the overflow trough (2) is open and the bottom is an inclined surface; the upper end of the flotation column body (3) passes through the bottom of the overflow trough (2), and the connection is sealed; The water spraying device (1) is located above the overflow tank (2); The flotation column body (3) is provided with an upper efficient mineralization layer (I) and a lower micro-nano bubble (II); The high-efficiency mineralization layer (I) includes at least one group of high-efficiency mineralization components, and the high-efficiency mineralization components include an oscillating ejector (4), a bubble generator (5), and a feed pump (6) connected in sequence; The micro-nano bubbles (II) include at least one group of bubble components, and the bubble components include an oscillating ejector (4) and an air pump (7); The oscillating ejector (4) is installed on the side of the flotation column body (3), and the ejection direction is horizontal.

2. The micro-particle mineral jet flotation equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The oscillating ejector (4) comprises a main channel (41) and a feedback channel (42); The main channel (41) has an inlet and an outlet at the centers of both ends, and the inlet end of the main channel (41) has a funnel structure; The inlet of the main channel (41) is connected to the feed pump (6) via the bubble generator (5), and the outlet of the main channel (41) is located in the flotation column body (3); A feedback channel (42) is provided on each side of the main channel (41), the inlet end of the feedback channel (42) is connected to the side position of the main channel (41) close to the outlet, and the outlet end of the feedback channel (42) is connected to the inlet position of the main channel (41); The end surface of the main channel (41) close to the outlet is a collision wall (47), and the collision wall (47) is a structure that gradually inwardly tilts toward the center. In the main channel (41), the shortest path between the inlet and the outlet is the separation zone (48), and the area around the separation zone (48) is the cavitation vortex zone (49); The outlet of the main channel (41) is provided with a nozzle cavity (46) with a gradually increasing caliber.

3. The jet mineralization flotation equipment for fine-grained minerals according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The bubble generator (5) is a venturi bubble generator, comprising a feed section (43) and a contraction section (44), the contraction section (44) being connected to the inlet of the main channel (41), the feed section (43) being connected to the feed pump (6), and a transition section (45) having a gradually decreasing inner diameter is provided at the connection between the feed section (43) and the contraction section (44).

4. A jet mineralization flotation device for fine-grained minerals according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The high-efficiency mineralization layer (I) is located at 2 / 3 of the height of the flotation column body (3), and the micro-nano bubbles (II) are located at 1 / 3 of the height of the flotation column body (3); Fine-grained minerals are mainly mineralized by collision in the high-efficiency mineralization layer (Ⅰ), and the target minerals combine with bubbles and float up to become concentrates; The micro-nano bubbles (II) are an enhanced recovery zone, which is used for the secondary mineralization of some of the concentrate particles that have not been mineralized in the bubbles of the efficient mineralization layer (I), and the rest are tailings.

5. The jet mineralization flotation equipment for fine-grained minerals according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The high-efficiency mineralization layer (I) is provided with two groups of high-efficiency mineralization components, which are respectively located on both sides of the flotation column body (3); the micro-nano bubbles (II) are provided with two groups of bubble components, which are respectively located on both sides of the flotation column body (3).

6. The jet mineralization flotation equipment for fine-grained minerals according to claim 4 is characterized by: The diameter D1 of the feeding section (43) is 40 to 80 mm, and the length is 1 to 2 times the diameter of the feeding section (43); the diameter D2 of the contraction section (44) is 1 / 2 to 1 / 3 of D1, and the length is 1 to 2 times the diameter of the contraction section (44).

7. The jet mineralization flotation equipment for fine-grained minerals according to claim 4 is characterized by: The lengths of the separation zone (48) and the cavitation vortex zone (49) of the oscillating ejector (4) are 5 to 8 times the diameter of the contraction section (44).

8. The jet mineralization flotation equipment for fine-grained minerals according to claim 4 is characterized by: The collision wall (47) has an inclination angle D3, which is the angle between the surfaces in the main channel (41) that are perpendicular to the water flow direction, and the angle is 25° to 45°.

9. The jet mineralization flotation equipment for fine-grained minerals according to claim 4 is characterized by: The diameter of the feedback channel (42) is the same as that of the contraction section (44), the distance between the inlet of the feedback channel (42) and the collision wall (47) is 10 to 20 mm, and the outlet of the feedback channel (42) is connected to the inlet of the main channel (41) on the contraction section (44).

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