Magnesium alloy laser-MIG composite welding device and method capable of intelligently matching swing track and waveform

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnesium alloy laser-MIG composite welding device with the swing track and waveform intelligently matched. The magnesium alloy laser-MIG composite welding device comprises a regulation and control system, a laser welding system, an MIG welding system and a to-be-welded magnesium alloy plate. The debugging system is used for setting a swing track, intelligently matching a corresponding MIG waveform and setting various parameters in the welding process; the laser welding system is used for outputting laser beams and comprises a laser device and a laser galvanometer. The MIG welding system is used for MIG electric arc welding and comprises a welding gun and a wire feeding device. The debugging system comprises a waveform matching unit, an MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjusting unit and a copper alloy base plate. The MIG welding system is connected with the debugging system through an MIG welding system signal line; the laser galvanometer is connected with the debugging system through a laser welding system signal line, and the copper alloy base plate is connected with the debugging system through an MIG waveform adjusting system signal line. Welding heat input of all points of a welding seam is balanced, so that the stability of a molten pool in the welding process is improved, and the purpose of improving the magnesium alloy welding quality is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of magnesium alloy welding, and in particular to a magnesium alloy laser-MIG composite welding device and method with intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform. Background Art

[0002] As the lightest structural material, Mg alloy has the potential to replace steel and aluminum in many fields. Due to the presence of weld defects such as high burnout, surface undercut, and large pores, welding is rarely performed except for some repair structures. Therefore, the development of reliable welding technology is very important for the growing application of Mg alloy.

[0003] High-power laser-metal inert gas (MIG) hybrid welding is considered to be the most promising and popular method due to its deep weld penetration, high welding efficiency, good connection strength and strong ability to reduce weld defects. In the process of laser-MIG hybrid welding of magnesium alloys, if the MIG waveform is not compatible with the swing trajectory of the laser beam, it will lead to uneven heat input at different positions of the weld, which will in turn cause instability in the molten pool, thus affecting the overall welding quality of the magnesium alloy. Unfortunately, due to the special physical properties of magnesium alloys, there are few reports on the optimization methods of laser-MIG hybrid welding of magnesium alloys. How to give full play to the advantages of laser-MIG hybrid welding, design an energy spatiotemporal distribution scheme that meets the forming quality requirements of magnesium alloy welded joints, and achieve high-quality welding of magnesium alloys is still a problem that needs to be solved by laser-MIG hybrid welding technology.

[0004] To this end, we propose to prepare a magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device and method with intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a magnesium alloy laser-MIG composite welding device and method with intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device with intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform, comprising:

[0007] Control system, laser welding system, MIG welding system and magnesium alloy plates to be welded;

[0008] The debugging system is used to set the swing trajectory and intelligently match the corresponding MIG waveform and set various parameters during the welding process;

[0009] The laser welding system is used to output a laser beam, and includes a laser and a laser galvanometer;

[0010] The MIG welding system is used for MIG arc welding, and includes a welding gun and a wire feeding device;

[0011] The debugging system includes a waveform matching unit, a MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit and a copper alloy pad;

[0012] The MIG welding system is connected to the debugging system via the MIG welding system signal line;

[0013] The laser galvanometer is connected to the debugging system via a laser welding system signal line, and the copper alloy pad is connected to the debugging system via a MIG waveform adjustment system signal line.

[0014] Preferably, the laser emits a laser beam, and the MIG waveform that can be matched by the laser beam swing trajectory includes a group of pulse MIG waveforms with different parameters.

[0015] Preferably, the construction of the waveform matching unit includes: obtaining a set of samples of laser beam swing trajectory parameters adapted to different MIG waveforms; inputting the laser beam swing trajectory samples into a neural network model for training, and establishing the waveform matching unit.

[0016] Preferably, the copper alloy pad is pre-installed at the bottom of the magnesium alloy plate to be welded, and the temperature sensor device distributed by the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit is laid on the copper alloy pad.

[0017] A magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding method based on intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform comprises the following steps:

[0018] S: Obtain the thermophysical parameters, groove form, and thickness parameters of the magnesium alloy of the plate to be welded;

[0019] S2: Install the magnesium alloy plate to be welded;

[0020] S3: Input the thickness of the magnesium alloy of the plate to be welded into the control system;

[0021] S4: Input the groove size and synergistic reinforcement coefficient of the magnesium alloy to be welded into the control system;

[0022] S5: According to welding requirements, set other welding parameters in the control system;

[0023] S6: The control system turns on the laser welding system and the MIG welding system, and starts the laser welding operation;

[0024] S7: During the welding process, the temperature feedback data of the copper alloy pad is fed back to the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit through the signal line, and then the pulse MIG waveform is adjusted in real time by the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit, and then transmitted to the MIG welding system through the signal line, and the welding is completed with the adjusted MIG waveform.

[0025] Preferably, the energy of the oscillating laser acting on the magnesium alloy of the plate to be welded is expressed as P L =P1×η1, where η1 is the effective absorption rate of magnesium alloy to the swing laser heat source;

[0026] The energy of the pulse MIG heat source acting on the magnesium alloy plate is expressed as PM. M =P2×η2, where η2 is the effective absorption rate of magnesium alloy to pulse MIG heat source;

[0027] The total heat input of oscillating laser-pulse MIG hybrid welding is P = k (P L +P M ), k is the synergistic enhancement coefficient of the oscillating laser heat source and the pulsed MIG heat source.

[0028] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: during laser-MIG composite welding of magnesium alloy, the MIG pulse waveform matches the swing trajectory of the laser beam, and during the welding process, a closed-loop feedback adjustment unit is designed to balance the welding heat input at each point of the weld, thereby improving the stability of the molten pool during the welding process and achieving the purpose of improving the quality of the welded magnesium alloy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device based on intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A group of pulse waveforms with different parameters that can be matched to the laser beam swing trajectory of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 The laser beam swing trajectory diagram, the matched MIG pulse waveform diagram and the adjusted MIG pulse waveform diagram of the present invention;

[0033] in,

[0034] 1. Control system; 2. Laser welding system; 3. MIG welding system; 4. Magnesium alloy of the plate to be welded;

[0035] 31. Welding gun; 32. Wire feeding device;

[0036] 41. Workpiece 1; 42. Workpiece 2;

[0037] 51. Laser beam swing trajectory; 52. Weld seam; 53. Matching initial MIG waveform; 54. Adjusted MIG waveform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Reference Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a magnesium alloy laser-MIG composite welding device with intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform, comprising:

[0041] Control system 1, laser welding system 2, MIG welding system 3 and magnesium alloy plate to be welded 4;

[0042] The debugging system 1 is used to set the swing trajectory and intelligently match the corresponding MIG waveform and set various parameters during the welding process;

[0043] The laser welding system 2 is used to output a laser beam, and includes a laser 21 and a laser galvanometer 22;

[0044] The MIG welding system 3 is used for MIG arc welding, and includes a welding gun 31 and a wire feeding device 32;

[0045] The debugging system 1 includes a waveform matching unit 11, a MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit 12 and a copper alloy pad 16;

[0046] The MIG welding system 3 is connected to the debugging system 1 via the MIG welding system signal line 14;

[0047] The laser galvanometer 22 is connected to the debugging system 1 via a laser welding system signal line 13 , and the copper alloy pad 16 is connected to the debugging system 1 via a MIG waveform adjustment system signal line 15 .

[0048] The repetition frequency of the laser galvanometer 22 is not less than 20kHz, the laser power is not less than 3KW, the scanning speed is not less than 100mm / s, and the scanning form is a reciprocating swing perpendicular to the weld direction.

[0049] Figure 2 It is a set of pulse waveforms with different parameters that can be matched with the laser beam swing trajectory in the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 It is the laser beam swing trajectory diagram, the matched MIG pulse waveform diagram and the adjusted MIG pulse waveform diagram.

[0051] According to a further optimization scheme, the laser 21 emits a laser beam, and the MIG waveform that can match the laser beam swing trajectory includes a group of pulse MIG waveforms with different parameters.

[0052] According to a further optimization scheme, the construction of the waveform matching unit 11 includes: obtaining samples of the laser beam swing trajectory parameters adapted to the above-mentioned set of different MIG waveforms; inputting the laser beam swing trajectory samples into a neural network model for training, and establishing the waveform matching unit 11.

[0053] To further optimize the solution, a copper alloy pad 16 is pre-installed at the bottom of the magnesium alloy plate 4 to be welded, and a temperature sensor device distributed by the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit 12 is laid on the copper alloy pad 16 .

[0054] A magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding method based on intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform comprises the following steps:

[0055] S1: Obtaining the thermophysical parameters, groove form, and thickness parameters of the magnesium alloy 4 to be welded;

[0056] The groove is V-shaped;

[0057] S2: Install the magnesium alloy plate 4 to be welded;

[0058] S3: inputting the thickness of the magnesium alloy 4 to be welded into the control system 1;

[0059] The control system 1 feeds back the hybrid welding heat input, laser power, and swing trajectory parameters according to the penetration depth requirement, and transmits them to the laser welding system 2 through the signal line 13;

[0060] S4: inputting the groove size and synergistic reinforcement coefficient of the magnesium alloy 4 to be welded into the control system 1;

[0061] The groove size and synergistic enhancement coefficient of the magnesium alloy plate 4 to be welded are input into the control system 1. The system automatically matches the wire feeding speed, pulse MIG waveform and other parameters through the waveform matching unit 11 according to the metal filling amount requirement and the feedback laser beam swing trajectory parameters, and transmits them to the MIG welding system 3 through the signal line 14;

[0062] S5: According to welding requirements, set other welding parameters in the control system 1, such as welding speed, etc.;

[0063] S6: The control system 1 turns on the laser welding system 2 and the MIG welding system 3 to start the laser welding operation;

[0064] S7: During the welding process, the temperature feedback data of the copper alloy backing plate 16 is fed back to the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit 12 through the signal line 15, and then the pulse MIG waveform is adjusted in real time by the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit 12, and then transmitted to the MIG welding system 3 through the signal line 14, and the welding is completed with the adjusted MIG waveform;

[0065] According to the temperature feedback data of the copper alloy pad, it is fed back to the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit 12 through the signal line 15, and then the weld penetration is predicted. Then, the pulse MIG waveform is adjusted in real time by the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit 12, and then transmitted to the MIG welding system 3 through the signal line 14. The adjusted MIG waveform is used for welding to ensure continuous and stable penetration of the long straight weld of the magnesium alloy.

[0066] Further optimization scheme, the energy of the swing laser acting on the magnesium alloy 4 to be welded is expressed as P L =P1×η1, where η1 is the effective absorption rate of magnesium alloy to the swing laser heat source;

[0067] The energy of the pulse MIG heat source acting on the magnesium alloy plate is expressed as PM. M =P2×η2, where η2 is the effective absorption rate of magnesium alloy to pulse MIG heat source;

[0068] The total heat input of oscillating laser-pulse MIG hybrid welding is P = k (P L +P M ), k is the synergistic enhancement coefficient of the oscillating laser heat source and the pulsed MIG heat source.

[0069] The setting and matching of the swing trajectory and the pulse MIG waveform are achieved through the control system 1.

[0070] According to the above relationship, the thickness of the magnesium alloy plate is input into the control system 1, and the system feeds back the parameters such as the composite welding heat input, laser power, swing trajectory and frequency according to the penetration depth requirement, and transmits them to the laser welding system 2 through the signal line 13;

[0071] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0072] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device with intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform, characterized in that: include: Control system (1), laser welding system (2), MIG welding system (3) and magnesium alloy plate to be welded (4); The debugging system (1) is used to set the swing trajectory and intelligently match the corresponding MIG waveform and set various parameters during the welding process; The laser welding system (2) is used to output a laser beam, and comprises a laser (21) and a laser galvanometer (22); The MIG welding system (3) is used for MIG arc welding and comprises a welding gun (31) and a wire feeding device (32); The debugging system (1) comprises a waveform matching unit, a MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit and a copper alloy backing plate (16); The MIG welding system (3) is connected to the debugging system (1) via the MIG welding system signal line (14); The laser galvanometer (22) is connected to the debugging system (1) via a laser welding system signal line (13), and the copper alloy pad (16) is connected to the debugging system (1) via a MIG waveform adjustment system signal line (15).

2. According to claim 1, a magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device with intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform is characterized in that: The laser (21) emits a laser beam, and the MIG waveform that can be matched with the laser beam swing trajectory includes a group of pulse MIG waveforms with different parameters.

3. According to claim 2, a magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device with intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform is characterized in that: The construction of the waveform matching unit (11) comprises: obtaining a set of samples of laser beam swing trajectory parameters adapted to different MIG waveforms; inputting the laser beam swing trajectory samples into a neural network model for training, and establishing the waveform matching unit (11).

4. The magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device with intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The copper alloy pad (16) is pre-placed at the bottom of the magnesium alloy plate (4) to be welded, and the temperature sensor device distributed by the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit (12) is laid on the copper alloy pad (16).

5. A magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding method based on intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform, using a magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device with intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Obtaining the thermophysical parameters, groove form, and workpiece thickness parameters of the magnesium alloy (4) to be welded; S2: installing the magnesium alloy plate (4) to be welded; S3: inputting the thickness of the magnesium alloy (4) to be welded into the control system (1); S4: inputting the groove size and synergistic reinforcement coefficient of the magnesium alloy plate (4) to be welded into the control system (1); S5: According to welding requirements, set other welding parameters in the control system (1); S6: The control system (1) turns on the laser welding system (2) and the MIG welding system (3) to start the laser welding operation; S7: During the welding process, the temperature feedback data of the copper alloy backing plate (16) is fed back to the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit (12) through the signal line (15), and then the pulse MIG waveform is adjusted in real time by the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit (12), and then transmitted to the MIG welding system (3) through the signal line (14), and the welding is completed with the adjusted MIG waveform.

6. The magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding method based on intelligent matching of oscillation trajectory and waveform according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The energy of the oscillating laser acting on the magnesium alloy (4) to be welded is expressed as P L Represented as P L =P1×η1, where η1 is the effective absorption rate of magnesium alloy to the swing laser heat source; The energy of pulse MIG heat source acting on magnesium alloy plate is expressed as P M Represented as P M =P2×η2, where η2 is the effective absorption rate of magnesium alloy to pulse MIG heat source; The total heat input of oscillating laser-pulse MIG hybrid welding is P = k (P L +P M ), k is the synergistic enhancement coefficient of the oscillating laser heat source and the pulsed MIG heat source.

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