Laser cutting device for parts of coal mining machine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser cutting equipment, and particularly relates to a laser cutting device for parts of a coal mining machine, the laser cutting device comprises a laser cutting machine main body, a moving seat and a laser cutting head, and a placing table of the laser cutting machine main body is connected with a positioning barrier strip through a mounting bolt. According to the laser cutting machine for the parts of the coal mining machine, interference of metal plate impurities on cutting can be eliminated, slag can be cleaned, the surface flatness of the parts can be improved, the subsequent grinding procedure is omitted, and the machining convenience and efficiency are improved; in addition, the laser cutting machine further has the functions of purifying laser cutting smoke dust and preventing internal microstructures of coal mining machine part materials from changing, and residual stress of coal mining machine parts can be effectively released through cooperation of the heat treatment mechanism, the grinding mechanism and the smoke dust treatment mechanism; and therefore, the quality and reliability of the laser cutting machine for machining the parts of the coal mining machine can be improved, and the use stability and durability of the parts of the coal mining machine can be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of laser cutting equipment, and in particular relates to a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts. Background Art

[0002] Laser cutting machine is a device that uses a high-energy-density laser beam to irradiate the workpiece, causing the material to melt rapidly, thereby achieving cutting. There are many reasons for using laser cutting machines when producing coal mining machine parts from metal plates. First, the laser cutting machine has high cutting accuracy and can accurately process shapes that meet the strict dimensional requirements of coal mining machine components to ensure component quality. Secondly, the cutting surface is smooth, making subsequent processing easier. In addition, the laser cutting machine can also cut complex graphics to meet the diverse design requirements of coal mining machine components. For example, the authorization announcement number CN220698562U discloses a laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of coal mining machines.

[0003] At present, in the laser cutting processing of coal mining machine parts, the energy of the laser focus point is highly concentrated, causing the material to heat up sharply and expand rapidly in an instant. The temperature of the surrounding area is relatively low due to delayed heat conduction. In the cooling stage after the cutting is completed, the temperature and cooling rate differences of each part are prone to uneven thermal expansion and contraction. At the same time, residual stress is formed at the cutting seam of the coal mining machine parts. Under the influence of residual stress, the coal mining machine parts cannot continue to work under force and are prone to deformation, cracking and damage. In addition, the rapid heating at the laser focus point will also change the microstructure of the edge material of the coal mining machine parts, resulting in uneven grain size and distribution, and causing unstable changes in local hardness and toughness. This not only affects the quality and reliability of coal mining machine parts processed by laser cutting machines, but also affects the stability and durability of coal mining machine parts.

[0004] At the same time, when using metal plates as raw materials for laser cutting to produce coal mining machine parts, the laser energy is concentrated on the upper surface of the metal plate, the metal melts rapidly, and the auxiliary gas cannot completely remove the liquid metal, resulting in the formation of slag on the top of the cutting seam. These slags destroy the flatness of the surface of the parts, which greatly hinders the subsequent assembly work. It is necessary to spend manpower to polish the surface of the parts, which not only reduces the convenience and efficiency of coal mining machine parts processing, but also has an adverse effect on the quality and reliability of laser cutting processing.

[0005] To this end, we propose a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts in view of the above problems.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, comprising a laser cutting machine body, a movable seat and a laser cutting head, the placement table of the laser cutting machine body is connected with a positioning bar by installing bolts, a plurality of threaded blind holes for fixing the positioning bar are horizontally opened on the upper surface of the placement table of the laser cutting machine body, an electric push rod is fixedly embedded in the inner side of the frame of the laser cutting machine body, the movable end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected with an L-shaped clamping strip, the outer wall of the laser cutting head is movably sleeved with a hollow conductive slip ring, the outer wall of the rotating part of the hollow conductive slip ring is fixedly sleeved with a connecting ring, the top end of the connecting ring is fixedly connected with a hard pipe, and the top end of the hard pipe is fixedly connected with a smoke treatment mechanism;

[0008] Two fixing mechanisms are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting ring, and the outer walls of the fixing mechanisms are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable seat;

[0009] A sealed bearing is fixedly embedded in the outer wall of the connecting ring, an outer cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the outer ring of the sealed bearing, and a grinding mechanism is connected to the bottom end of the outer cylinder;

[0010] The outer wall of the bottom end of the outer cylinder is fixedly connected with a heat treatment mechanism;

[0011] An extension tube is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connection ring, and an infrared temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the extension tube;

[0012] The upper surface of the connecting ring is fixedly connected with a driving mechanism for rotating the outer cylinder.

[0013] In the above-mentioned laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, the smoke treatment mechanism includes a heat-resistant hose fixedly connected to the top of the hard pipe, the top of the heat-resistant hose is fixedly connected to a treatment box, the lower surface of the treatment box is fixedly connected to the top of the laser cutting machine body, the inner wall of the treatment box is fixedly connected to a partition plate, the upper surface of the partition plate and the inner wall of the treatment box are fixedly connected to a vertical partition plate, the partition plate and the vertical partition plate separate the internal cavity of the treatment box into a filtering area, an installation area and a cooling area, and the inner wall of the treatment box located in the filtering area is fixedly connected to a filter assembly. The top outer wall of the processing box located in the cooling zone is provided with a rectangular hole, and the hole wall of the rectangular hole is fixedly connected to a cooling component, the upper surface of the partition plate located in the installation area is fixedly connected to a plc controller, the outer wall of the processing box located in the cooling zone is fixedly connected to a delivery pipe, the air outlet end of the delivery pipe is fixedly connected to a U-shaped conduit, the outer wall of the U-shaped conduit is movably sleeved with a sleeve, the outer wall of the sleeve is provided with a threaded hole, and the hole wall of the threaded hole is threadedly connected with a positioning bolt, the outer wall of the sleeve is fixedly sleeved with an L-shaped rod, and the top of the L-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hard pipe.

[0014] In the above-mentioned laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, the filter assembly includes an activated carbon filter plate, a supporting mesh plate, a filter cotton core and a high-temperature resistant filter cloth layer which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the processing box and the lower surface of the partition plate. The inner wall of the bottom end of the processing box is fixedly connected to a vacuum pump, and the output end of the vacuum pump is fixedly connected to a bent pipe. The air outlet end of the bent pipe passes through the upper surface of the partition plate and is connected to the internal cavity of the cooling zone.

[0015] In the above-mentioned laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, the cooling component includes a rectangular metal plate, a plurality of semiconductor refrigeration plates are fixedly embedded on the top end of the rectangular metal plate, a plurality of metal mesh plates are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rectangular metal plate, the outer walls of the partition plate and the vertical partition plate are commonly fixedly connected with an arc-shaped guide block, the top outer wall of the processing box is fixedly connected with a U-shaped tube, and a plurality of jet holes are opened on the tube wall of the U-shaped tube near the heat dissipation side of the plurality of semiconductor refrigeration plates.

[0016] In the above-mentioned laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, the fixing mechanism includes an adjusting rod fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting ring, the rod wall of the adjusting rod is movably sleeved with a limiting cylinder, the outer wall of the limiting cylinder is provided with a screw hole, and the hole wall of the screw hole is threadedly connected with a connecting bolt, the outer wall of the limiting cylinder is fixedly sleeved with a U-shaped block, and the outer wall of the U-shaped block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable seat.

[0017] In the above-mentioned laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, the grinding mechanism includes a grinding ring, two connecting rods are fixedly embedded in the top of the grinding ring, a mounting hole matching the connecting rod is provided on the raised upper surface of the bottom end of the outer cylinder, a plug hole is provided on the top of the connecting rod, and a pin is movably connected to the hole wall of the plug hole, a spring is sleeved on the rod wall of the connecting rod, and the two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected to the raised upper surface of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the pin, and a plurality of air holes are provided on the outer wall of the bottom end of the outer cylinder.

[0018] In the above-mentioned laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, the heat treatment mechanism includes two L-shaped blocks fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer cylinder, the bottom ends of the two L-shaped blocks are commonly fixedly connected to an annular heat insulation cover, and the inner wall of the annular heat insulation cover is fixedly connected to an annular electric heating tube.

[0019] In the above-mentioned laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting ring, the rotating end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to a gear, and the top inner wall of the outer cylinder is fixedly connected to an internal gear ring meshing with the outer wall of the gear.

[0020] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts are:

[0021] 1. Through the setting of the fixing mechanism, grinding mechanism and driving mechanism, when the laser cutting machine cuts the metal plate to process the coal mining machine parts, the metal plate is first clamped and positioned by the positioning bar, the electric push rod and the L-shaped clamp bar. Then, during the cutting process of the laser cutting head, the grinding ring of the grinding mechanism is contacted with the surface of the metal plate through the fixing mechanism, and the PLC controller controls the driving motor of the driving mechanism to start. Then, the driving mechanism drives the grinding ring of the grinding mechanism to rotate through the outer cylinder. During the rotation of the grinding ring, the uncut part of the metal plate can be polished and impurities can be removed to avoid the energy consumption and laser beam scattering caused by impurities attached to the surface of the metal plate, thereby ensuring the effect of laser beam cutting metal plate to process coal mining machine parts. In addition, the rotating grinding ring 81 can also grind and polish the coal mining machine parts after cutting, eliminate the slag generated at the cutting seam of the coal mining machine parts due to the incomplete cleaning of liquid metal by the laser cutting auxiliary gas, improve the flatness of the surface of the coal mining machine parts, and do not need the staff to grind and polish the surface of the coal mining machine parts again, saving time and effort.

[0022] 2. Through the smoke treatment mechanism and filtering components, when the coal mining machine parts are cut by the laser cutting head, the smoke will not spread in large quantities to pollute the environment due to the obstruction of the outer cylinder, and the PLC controller also controls the start of the vacuum pump. The vacuum pump sucks the air inside the outer cylinder through the filter area, the heat-resistant hose and the hard pipe, so that the inside of the outer cylinder is in a negative pressure environment. Due to the constraint of the outer cylinder, the outer cylinder can prevent the smoke generated by laser cutting from spreading in large quantities, and the smoke enters the filter area with the sucked airflow in the negative pressure environment. The impurities in the smoke are filtered and purified multiple times by the high-temperature resistant filter cloth layer, the filter cotton core and the activated carbon filter plate. After the smoke is purified, it can prevent environmental pollution and improve the environmental protection performance of the laser cutting device.

[0023] 3. Through the cooling mechanism and smoke treatment mechanism, the purified air is then transported to the cooling zone through the vacuum pump and the bent pipe, and finally transported to the U-shaped duct through the conveying pipe. After that, the clean air is blown to the metal plates and coal mining machine parts on both sides of the laser cutting seam through the two outlet ends of the U-shaped duct. The heat diffusion zone of the coal mining machine parts is cooled by the fast airflow to avoid the excessive temperature of the heat diffusion zone of the coal mining machine parts and change the microstructure of the material, so that the grain size and distribution in the coal mining machine parts material are uniform. At the same time, the infrared temperature sensor detects the temperature of the heat diffusion zone of the coal mining machine parts in real time and sends it to the plc controller in the form of an electrical signal. If the temperature value detected by the infrared temperature sensor exceeds the high temperature threshold preset by the plc controller, the plc controller controls the cooling component to work and reduces the temperature of the air flowing into the conveying pipe. After the cooled low-temperature air is sprayed into the heat diffusion zone of the coal mining machine parts, the high temperature of the heat diffusion zone of the coal mining machine parts can be effectively reduced, further avoiding changes in the microstructure of the material of the heat diffusion zone of the coal mining machine parts, avoiding local hardness and toughness instability of the coal mining machine parts, and improving the reliability of the use of coal mining machine parts.

[0024] 4. Through the heat treatment mechanism set up, after the annular electric heating tube is energized, the PLC controller controls the heating temperature of the annular electric heating tube to be the temperature of the thermal aging treatment of the coal mining machine parts material. The heat generated by the annular electric heating tube is irradiated to the coal mining machine parts under the constraint of the annular heat insulation cover, and the coal mining machine parts are heat treated and then naturally cooled. In this process, the high-frequency vibration generated by the rotating grinding ring can also assist in the release of residual stress at the cutting position of the coal mining machine parts, and the annular electric heating tube can also increase the temperature of the uncut area of ​​the metal plate and the heat diffusion area of ​​the coal mining machine. The temperature increase of the non-laser-cut position of the metal plate can achieve the effect of preheating, avoiding the rapid expansion caused by the rapid heating during laser concentration cutting. The temperature increase of the heat diffusion area of ​​the coal mining machine parts can reduce the temperature difference of the various parts of the coal mining machine parts, ensuring that the heat dissipation of the coal mining machine parts is as uniform as possible when cooling, thereby effectively reducing the residual stress margin of the coal mining machine parts, and further improving the effect of releasing the residual stress of the coal mining machine parts, so that the coal mining machine parts continue to work under force, are not disturbed by residual stress, and are not prone to deformation, cracking and damage, thereby improving the stability and durability of the use of coal mining machine parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure with a partial cross-section in the middle;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a smoke and dust treatment mechanism part of a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of an L-shaped clamping strip part in a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fixing mechanism in a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a U-shaped tube part in a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a filter assembly part in a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a grinding mechanism in a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts provided by the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of a driving mechanism in a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts provided by the present invention;

[0034] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the working position of an infrared temperature sensor in a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts provided by the present invention;

[0035] Fig.11 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of a main part of a laser cutting machine in a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts.

[0036] In the figure: 1 laser cutting machine body, 2 moving seat, 3 driving mechanism, 31 driving motor, 32 gear, 33 inner gear ring, 4 smoke treatment mechanism, 41 heat-resistant hose, 42 treatment box, 43 partition plate, 44 vertical partition plate, 45 filtering area, 46 installation area, 47 cooling area, 48 PLC controller, 49 conveying pipe, 410 U-shaped conduit, 411 sleeve, 412 positioning bolt, 413 L-shaped rod, 5 filtering assembly, 51 activated carbon filter plate, 52 supporting mesh plate, 53 filter cotton core, 54 high temperature resistant filter cloth layer, 55 vacuum pump, 56 elbow, 6 cooling assembly, 61 rectangular metal plate, 62 semiconductor Refrigeration sheet, 63 metal mesh plate, 64 arc guide block, 65 U-shaped tube, 66 air jet hole, 7 fixing mechanism, 71 adjusting rod, 72 limiting cylinder, 73 connecting bolt, 74 U-shaped block, 8 grinding mechanism, 81 grinding ring, 82 connecting rod, 83 latch, 84 spring, 85 air vent, 9 heat treatment mechanism, 91 L-shaped block, 92 annular heat insulation cover, 93 annular electric heating tube, 10 positioning stop bar, 11 electric push rod, 12 L-shaped clamping strip, 13 hollow conductive slip ring, 14 connecting ring, 15 hard tube, 16 sealed bearing, 17 outer tube, 18 extension tube, 19 infrared temperature sensor, 20 laser cutting head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] like Figure 1-Figure 11As shown, a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts includes a laser cutting machine body 1, a movable seat 2 and a laser cutting head 20. The placement table of the laser cutting machine body 1 is connected with a positioning baffle 10 by installing bolts. The upper surface of the placement table of the laser cutting machine body 1 is horizontally provided with a plurality of threaded blind holes for fixing the positioning baffle 10. An electric push rod 11 is fixedly embedded on the inner side of the frame of the laser cutting machine body 1. The movable end of the electric push rod 11 is fixedly connected with an L-shaped clamping strip 12. The outer wall of the laser cutting head 20 is movably sleeved with a hollow conductive slip ring 13. The outer wall of the rotating part of the hollow conductive slip ring 13 is fixedly sleeved with a connecting ring 14. The top of the connecting ring 14 is fixedly connected with a hard pipe 15.

[0039] The top of the hard tube 15 is fixedly connected to a smoke treatment mechanism 4, and the smoke treatment mechanism 4 includes a heat-resistant hose 41 fixedly connected to the top of the hard tube 15, and the top of the heat-resistant hose 41 is fixedly connected to a treatment box 42, and the lower surface of the treatment box 42 is fixedly connected to the top of the laser cutting machine body 1, and the inner wall of the treatment box 42 is fixedly connected to a partition plate 43, and the upper surface of the partition plate 43 and the inner wall of the treatment box 42 are fixedly connected to a vertical partition plate 44, and the partition plate 43 and the vertical partition plate 44 separate the internal cavity of the treatment box 42 into a filtering area 45, an installation area 46 and a cooling area 47, the inner wall of the treatment box 42 located in the filter area 45 is fixedly connected with a filter assembly 5, the filter assembly 5 includes an activated carbon filter plate 51, a support mesh plate 52, a filter cotton core 53 and a high temperature resistant filter cloth layer 54 which are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the treatment box 42 and the lower surface of the partition plate 43, the bottom inner wall of the treatment box 42 is fixedly connected with an air pump 55, the output end of the air pump 55 is fixedly connected with a bend pipe 56, the air outlet end of the bend pipe 56 passes through the upper surface of the partition plate 43 and is connected with the internal cavity of the cooling zone 47, the treatment box 42 is located at the top outer surface of the cooling zone 47 A rectangular hole is opened in the wall, and a cooling component 6 is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the rectangular hole. The cooling component 6 includes a rectangular metal plate 61, a plurality of semiconductor cooling sheets 62 are fixedly embedded in the top of the rectangular metal plate 61, a plurality of metal mesh plates 63 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the rectangular metal plate 61, an arc-shaped guide block 64 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the partition plate 43 and the vertical partition plate 44, a U-shaped tube 65 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the processing box 42, and a plurality of jet holes 66 are opened on the tube wall of the U-shaped tube 65 near the heat dissipation side of the plurality of semiconductor cooling sheets 62, and the partition plate 43 is located at the installation The upper surface of the zone 46 is fixedly connected with a plc controller 48, the outer wall of the processing box 42 located in the cooling zone 47 is fixedly connected with a delivery pipe 49, the air outlet end of the delivery pipe 49 is fixedly connected with a U-shaped duct 410, the outer wall of the U-shaped duct 410 is movably sleeved with a sleeve 411, the outer wall of the sleeve 411 is provided with a threaded hole, and the hole wall of the threaded hole is threadedly connected with a positioning bolt 412, the outer wall of the sleeve 411 is fixedly sleeved with an L-shaped rod 413, the top of the L-shaped rod 413 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hard tube 15, and this mechanism can improve the environmental protection performance of the laser cutting machine.

[0040] Two fixing mechanisms 7 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting ring 14, and the outer wall of the fixing mechanism 7 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable seat 2. The fixing mechanism 7 includes an adjusting rod 71 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting ring 14, and the rod wall of the adjusting rod 71 is movably sleeved with a limiting cylinder 72. The outer wall of the limiting cylinder 72 is provided with a screw hole, and the hole wall of the screw hole is threadedly connected with a connecting bolt 73. The outer wall of the limiting cylinder 72 is fixedly sleeved with a U-shaped block 74, and the outer wall of the U-shaped block 74 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable seat 2.

[0041] A sealed bearing 16 is fixedly embedded in the outer wall of the connecting ring 14, and an outer cylinder 17 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the outer ring of the sealed bearing 16. A grinding mechanism 8 is connected to the bottom end of the outer cylinder 17. The grinding mechanism 8 includes a grinding ring 81. Two connecting rods 82 are fixedly embedded in the top of the grinding ring 81. A mounting hole matching the connecting rod 82 is provided on the upper surface of the bottom protrusion of the outer cylinder 17. A plug hole is provided on the top of the connecting rod 82, and a pin 83 is movably connected to the hole wall of the plug hole. A spring 84 is sleeved on the rod wall of the connecting rod 82. The two ends of the spring 84 are respectively fixedly connected to the protrusion upper surface of the outer cylinder 17 and the outer wall of the pin 83. A plurality of air holes 85 are provided on the outer wall of the bottom end of the outer cylinder 17. This mechanism can improve the reliability of the use of the laser cutting machine.

[0042] The outer wall of the bottom end of the outer cylinder 17 is fixedly connected with a heat treatment mechanism 9, and the heat treatment mechanism 9 includes two L-shaped blocks 91 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer cylinder 17, and the bottom ends of the two L-shaped blocks 91 are commonly fixedly connected with an annular heat insulation cover 92, and the inner wall of the annular heat insulation cover 92 is fixedly connected with an annular electric heating tube 93. This mechanism can release the residual stress of the coal mining machine parts in time, improve the quality of the coal mining machine parts, and improve the reliability of the use of the coal mining machine parts.

[0043] An extension tube 18 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting ring 14, and an infrared temperature sensor 19 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the extension tube 18. A driving mechanism 3 for rotating the outer cylinder 17 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting ring 14. The driving mechanism 3 includes a driving motor 31 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting ring 14, and a gear 32 is fixedly connected to the rotating end of the driving motor 31. An inner tooth ring 33 meshing with the outer wall of the gear 32 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top end of the outer cylinder 17. This mechanism can ensure the rotation of the grinding mechanism 8, thereby ensuring the quality of the coal mining machine parts.

[0044] The driving motor 31, the vacuum pump 55, the semiconductor refrigeration plate 62, the annular electric heating tube 93 and the electric push rod 11 are electrically connected to the output end of the PLC controller 48 through wires and the hollow conductive slip ring 13, and the infrared temperature sensor 19 is electrically connected to the input end of the PLC controller 48 through wires. The above-mentioned power-on devices and electrical connections are prior arts and are well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.

[0045] The operating principle of the present invention is described as follows: when the laser cutting machine cuts the metal plate to process the coal mining machine parts, first adjust the position of the positioning bar 10 according to the size of the metal plate, then hang the metal plate on the placement table of the laser cutting machine body 1, and control the electric push rod 11 to start through the PLC controller 48, the electric push rod 11 squeezes the metal plate through the L-shaped clamping bar 12, the L-shaped clamping bar 12 cooperates with the positioning bar 10 to position the metal plate, and then adjust the height of the grinding mechanism 8 through the fixing mechanism 7, and adjust the bottom of the grinding ring 81 through the adjusting rod 71. The connecting ring 14 is in contact with the upper surface of the metal plate, and the connecting ring 14 is height-adjusted through the hollow conductive slip ring 13. The hollow conductive slip ring 13 can ensure the stability of the power supply of the power-carrying equipment at the outer cylinder 17 when the outer cylinder 17 rotates. Then, the adjusting rod 71 inside the limiting cylinder 72 is squeezed by rotating the connecting bolt 73 to achieve the purpose of fixing the adjusting rod 71. After the adjusting rod 71 is fixed, the position of the grinding ring 81 can be ensured to be stable. Then, the laser cutting machine body 1 is started, and the laser cutting machine body 1 cooperates with the moving seat 2 and the laser cutting head 20 to cut the metal plate;

[0046] At the same time, the PLC controller 48 also starts the driving motor 31, the vacuum pump 55 and the annular electric heating tube 93. After the driving motor 31 is powered on, the rotating driving end drives the inner gear ring 33 to rotate through the gear 32, and the inner gear ring 33 drives the outer cylinder 17 to rotate. During the rotation of the outer cylinder 17, the grinding ring 81 is driven to rotate. During the rotation of the grinding ring 81, the uncut part of the metal plate can be polished and impurities can be removed to avoid impurities adhering to the surface of the metal plate causing energy consumption and laser beam scattering, thereby ensuring the effect of laser beam cutting metal plate to process coal mining machine parts. In addition, the rotating grinding ring 81 can also grind and polish the coal mining machine parts after cutting, eliminate the slag generated at the cutting seam of the coal mining machine parts due to the incomplete cleaning of liquid metal by the laser cutting auxiliary gas, improve the flatness of the surface of the coal mining machine parts, and do not need the staff to grind and polish the surface of the coal mining machine parts again, saving time and effort.

[0047] After the vacuum pump 55 is started, the vacuum pump 55 sucks the air inside the outer tube 17 through the filter area 45, the heat-resistant hose 41 and the hard tube 15, so that the inside of the outer tube 17 is in a negative pressure environment. Due to the constraint of the outer tube 17, the outer tube 17 can prevent the smoke generated by laser cutting from spreading in large quantities, and the smoke enters the filter area 45 along with the sucked airflow in the negative pressure environment. The impurities in the smoke are filtered and purified multiple times by the high-temperature resistant filter cloth layer 54, the filter cotton core 53 and the activated carbon filter plate 51. After the smoke is purified, environmental pollution can be prevented, thereby improving the efficiency of laser cutting. The environmental performance of the device is that the purified air is then transported to the cooling zone 47 through the vacuum pump 55 and the elbow 56, and finally transported to the U-shaped duct 410 through the delivery pipe 49. After that, the clean air is blown to the metal plates and coal mining machine parts on both sides of the laser cutting seam through the two air outlet ends of the U-shaped duct 410. The heat diffusion zone of the coal mining machine parts is cooled by the fast airflow to avoid the temperature of the heat diffusion zone of the coal mining machine parts being too high and changing the microstructure of the material, so that the grain size and distribution in the coal mining machine parts material are uniform. At the same time, the infrared temperature sensor 19 is in the coal mining machine parts. The horizontal distance between the temperature measuring point in the heat diffusion area and the cutting seam of the metal plate is 1 cm. The infrared temperature sensor 19 detects the temperature of the heat diffusion area of ​​the coal mining machine parts in real time and sends it to the plc controller 48 in the form of an electrical signal. If the temperature value detected by the infrared temperature sensor 19 exceeds the high temperature threshold preset by the plc controller 48, the plc controller 48 controls the semiconductor refrigeration plate 62 to start. The semiconductor refrigeration plate 62 cools the cooling zone 47 through the rectangular metal plate 61 and the metal mesh plate 63. After that, the air ejected from the bend 56 can be quickly cooled after passing through the low-temperature metal mesh plate 63. After the low-temperature air is cooled, it can effectively reduce the high temperature of the heat diffusion area of ​​the coal mining machine parts. A part of the air in the cooling zone 47 is also ejected to the heat dissipation side of the semiconductor refrigeration plate 62 through the U-shaped tube 65 and the jet hole 66. The cooling effect of the semiconductor refrigeration plate 62 is ensured by accelerating the heat dissipation, further avoiding changing the microstructure of the material in the heat diffusion area of ​​the coal mining machine parts, avoiding the local hardness and toughness of the coal mining machine parts from unstable changes, and improving the reliability of the use of the coal mining machine parts.

[0048] After the annular electric heating tube 93 is energized, the PLC controller 48 controls the heating temperature of the annular electric heating tube 93 to be the temperature of the thermal aging treatment of the coal mining machine parts material. The heat generated by the annular electric heating tube 93 is irradiated to the coal mining machine parts under the constraint of the annular heat insulation cover 92. The coal mining machine parts are heat treated and then naturally cooled. During this process, the high-frequency vibration generated by the rotating grinding ring 81 can also assist in the release of residual stress at the cutting location of the coal mining machine parts. Moreover, the annular electric heating tube 93 can also increase the temperature of the uncut area of ​​the metal plate and the thermal diffusion area of ​​the coal mining machine. Increasing the temperature of the non-laser-cut position of the metal plate can achieve a preheating effect, avoiding the situation where the temperature rises sharply during laser concentration cutting and causes rapid expansion. The increase in the temperature of the thermal diffusion area of ​​the coal mining machine parts can reduce the temperature difference of various parts of the coal mining machine parts, ensuring that the heat is dissipated when the coal mining machine parts are cooled. As uniform as possible, so as to effectively reduce the residual stress margin of the coal mining machine parts. At the same time, the airflow ejected by the U-shaped conduit 410 is mainly used to cool down the high-temperature area of ​​the coal mining machine parts near the laser cutting. Because the closer the coal mining machine parts are to the laser cutting, the higher the temperature. If the coal mining machine parts are not cooled down near the laser cutting position in time, it is easy for the temperature difference between the cutting position of the coal mining machine parts and the heat diffusion zone to be too large, thereby increasing the residual stress. Therefore, the heating of the annular electric heating tube 93 and the air cooling ejected by the U-shaped conduit 410 are not at the same position, and there will be no mutual interference. This can further improve the effect of releasing the residual stress of the coal mining machine parts, so that the coal mining machine parts can continue to work under force without being disturbed by residual stress, and are not prone to deformation, cracking and damage, thereby improving the stability and durability of the use of coal mining machine parts.

[0049] The laser cutting machine for coal mining machine parts of the present invention can eliminate the interference of impurities in metal plates on cutting, clean slag, improve the surface flatness of parts, save subsequent grinding process, and improve processing convenience and efficiency. The laser cutting machine also has the function of purifying laser cutting smoke and preventing changes in the internal microstructure of coal mining machine parts materials. The residual stress of coal mining machine parts can be effectively released through the cooperation of heat treatment mechanism 9, grinding mechanism 8 and smoke treatment mechanism 4, thereby improving the quality and reliability of coal mining machine parts processed by laser cutting machine, and ensuring the stability and durability of coal mining machine parts.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, comprising a laser cutting machine body (1), a movable seat (2) and a laser cutting head (20), characterized in that: The placement table of the laser cutting machine body (1) is connected to a positioning bar (10) by means of mounting bolts; a plurality of threaded blind holes for fixing the positioning bar (10) are horizontally provided on the upper surface of the placement table of the laser cutting machine body (1); an electric push rod (11) is fixedly embedded in the inner side of the frame of the laser cutting machine body (1); the movable end of the electric push rod (11) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped clamping bar (12); a hollow conductive slip ring (13) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the laser cutting head (20); a connecting ring (14) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating part of the hollow conductive slip ring (13); a top end of the connecting ring (14) is fixedly connected to a hard pipe (15); and a top end of the hard pipe (15) is fixedly connected to a smoke treatment mechanism (4); The upper surface of the connecting ring (14) is fixedly connected to two fixing mechanisms (7), and the outer wall of the fixing mechanism (7) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable seat (2); A sealing bearing (16) is fixedly embedded in the outer wall of the connecting ring (14); an outer cylinder (17) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the outer ring of the sealing bearing (16); and a grinding mechanism (8) is connected to the bottom end of the outer cylinder (17); The outer wall of the bottom end of the outer cylinder (17) is fixedly connected with a heat treatment mechanism (9); An extension tube (18) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connection ring (14), and an infrared temperature sensor (19) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the extension tube (18); The upper surface of the connecting ring (14) is fixedly connected with a driving mechanism (3) for rotating the outer cylinder (17).

2. A laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke and dust treatment mechanism (4) comprises a heat-resistant hose (41) fixedly connected to the top of the hard pipe (15); the top of the heat-resistant hose (41) is fixedly connected to a treatment box (42); the lower surface of the treatment box (42) is fixedly connected to the top of the laser cutting machine body (1); the inner wall of the treatment box (42) is fixedly connected to a partition plate (43); the upper surface of the partition plate (43) and the inner wall of the treatment box (42) are fixedly connected to a vertical partition plate (44); the partition plate (43) and the vertical partition plate (44) divide the internal cavity of the treatment box (42) into a filtering area (45), an installation area (46) and a cooling area (47); the inner wall of the treatment box (42) located in the filtering area (45) is fixedly connected to a filter assembly (5); the treatment box (42) is located in A rectangular hole is provided on the top outer wall of the cooling zone (47), and a cooling component (6) is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the rectangular hole; a PLC controller (48) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the partition plate (43) located in the installation zone (46); a delivery pipe (49) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the processing box (42) located in the cooling zone (47); a gas outlet end of the delivery pipe (49) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped conduit (410); a sleeve (411) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the U-shaped conduit (410); a threaded hole is provided on the outer wall of the sleeve (411), and a positioning bolt (412) is threadedly connected to the hole wall of the threaded hole; an L-shaped rod (413) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the sleeve (411), and the top end of the L-shaped rod (413) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hard tube (15).

3. The laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The filter assembly (5) comprises an activated carbon filter plate (51) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the treatment box (42) and the lower surface of the partition plate (43), a support mesh plate (52), a filter cotton core (53) and a high temperature resistant filter cloth layer (54); the inner wall of the bottom end of the treatment box (42) is fixedly connected to an air pump (55); the output end of the air pump (55) is fixedly connected to a curved pipe (56); the air outlet end of the curved pipe (56) passes through the upper surface of the partition plate (43) and is connected to the internal cavity of the cooling zone (47).

4. The laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The cooling component (6) comprises a rectangular metal plate (61), a plurality of semiconductor cooling fins (62) are fixedly embedded at the top end of the rectangular metal plate (61), a plurality of metal mesh plates (63) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rectangular metal plate (61), an arc-shaped guide block (64) is fixedly connected to the outer walls of the partition plate (43) and the vertical partition plate (44), a U-shaped tube (65) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top end of the processing box (42), and a plurality of injection holes (66) are opened on the tube wall of the U-shaped tube (65) on the heat dissipation side close to the plurality of semiconductor cooling fins (62).

5. The laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (7) comprises an adjusting rod (71) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting ring (14); the rod wall of the adjusting rod (71) is movably sleeved with a limiting cylinder (72); a screw hole is provided on the outer wall of the limiting cylinder (72); a connecting bolt (73) is threadedly connected to the hole wall of the screw hole; a U-shaped block (74) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting cylinder (72); and the outer wall of the U-shaped block (74) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable seat (2).

6. The laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding mechanism (8) comprises a grinding ring (81), two connecting rods (82) are fixedly embedded at the top of the grinding ring (81), a mounting hole matching with the connecting rods (82) is provided on the raised upper surface of the bottom end of the outer cylinder (17), a plug hole is provided at the top end of the connecting rod (82), and a plug pin (83) is movably connected to the hole wall of the plug hole, a spring (84) is sleeved on the rod wall of the connecting rod (82), two ends of the spring (84) are respectively fixedly connected to the raised upper surface of the outer cylinder (17) and the outer wall of the plug pin (83), and a plurality of air holes (85) are provided on the outer wall of the bottom end of the outer cylinder (17).

7. The laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat treatment mechanism (9) comprises two L-shaped blocks (91) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer cylinder (17), the bottom ends of the two L-shaped blocks (91) are fixedly connected to an annular heat insulation cover (92), and the inner wall of the annular heat insulation cover (92) is fixedly connected to an annular electric heating tube (93).

8. The laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (3) comprises a driving motor (31) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting ring (14); a gear (32) is fixedly connected to the rotating end of the driving motor (31); and an inner toothed ring (33) meshing with the outer wall of the gear (32) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top end of the outer cylinder (17).

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