Inorganic flame-retardant waterproof environment-friendly straw board and processing method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plate processing, in particular to an inorganic flame-retardant waterproof environment-friendly straw plate and a processing method thereof. The straw board is prepared from straw fibers obtained after corn straw, rice straw and wheat straw are smashed, the straw board is of a three-layer structure, an upper layer and a lower layer are of a fine powder structure, a middle layer is of a powdery structure, the thickness ratio of the upper layer to the lower layer to the middle layer is 1: 1: 1, the particle size of the fine powder structure is 50-80 meshes, and the particle size of the powdery structure is 20-30 meshes. According to the inorganic flame-retardant waterproof environment-friendly straw board and the processing method thereof, the environment-friendly straw board with high stability, flame retardance, waterproof performance, moisture resistance, corrosion resistance and insect prevention performance is prepared by optimizing the structure and the processing technology of the straw board.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plate processing, and in particular to an inorganic flame-retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board and a processing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing global environmental awareness and the increasing shortage of resources, the use of renewable resources to replace traditional wood materials has become a development trend. Corn stalks, rice straw, wheat straw, etc. are wastes generated in large quantities in agricultural production. These straw wastes have a high fiber content and can be used as green materials to replace wood. However, traditional straw boards have the disadvantages of high density, high water absorption, low strength, and flammability, which limit their application in architectural decoration and furniture manufacturing. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention proposes an inorganic flame retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board and a processing method thereof. By optimizing the structure and processing technology of the straw board, an environmentally friendly straw board with high stability, flame retardancy, waterproof performance, moisture resistance, anti-corrosion performance and insect resistance performance is prepared.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an inorganic flame retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board, which is prepared from straw fibers obtained by crushing corn straw, rice straw and wheat straw. The straw board consists of a three-layer structure, the upper and lower layers are fine powder structures, and the middle layer is a powder structure. The thickness ratio of the upper layer, the lower layer and the middle layer is 1:1:1, wherein the particle size of the fine powder structure is 50-80 mesh, and the particle size of the powder structure is 20-30 mesh.

[0005] As a further improvement of the present invention, the thickness of the straw board is 3-25 mm.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the straw board adopts nano-penetration technology to enable the inorganic adhesive to be closely integrated with the straw fibers at the nano-scale, thereby improving the stability and moisture-proof performance of the board.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the straw board adopts multi-layered technology and integrates high-efficiency smoke suppression, flame retardancy, moisture resistance, corrosion resistance, insect resistance, stable structure and size, environmental protection, non-toxicity and biodegradability through a composite flame retardant method.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the middle layer is a coarse-grained structure to reduce the density and weight of the board, thereby reducing the cost and ensuring the smoothness of the surface, which is suitable for high-grade finishing of furniture.

[0009] A method for processing an inorganic flame-retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board comprises the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Grind corn stalks, rice straw and wheat straw into straw fibers, one part of which is crushed into fine powder straw fibers with a particle size of 50-80 meshes, and the other part is crushed into powder straw fibers with a particle size of 20-30 meshes;

[0011] Step 2: Add adhesive and water to the fine powdered straw fibers and the powdered straw fibers respectively, and stir evenly so that the adhesive can be evenly distributed and effectively bond the straw fibers;

[0012] Step 3: The mixed materials are formed into preformed plates through a compression molding machine, including an upper plate, a middle plate, and a lower plate;

[0013] Step 4: cold press the preformed sheet at room temperature and a pressure of 8-14 MPa for at least 24 hours to enhance the density and surface flatness of the sheet and ensure that the sheet has excellent physical properties and dimensional stability;

[0014] Step 5: Place the cold-pressed sheet into a hot-pressing device and perform heat curing at a temperature of 120-160°C for 20-60 minutes to completely cure the adhesive inside the sheet and enhance the overall structural strength of the sheet;

[0015] Step 6: Dry the heat-cured board in a specific temperature and humidity environment. When the moisture content of the board is reduced to 6-12%, the drying can be stopped to ensure the final performance stability of the board.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mixing ratio of the straw fiber, water and adhesive is 2:0.3:2.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the drying temperature is set to 120-160° C., and the drying time is set to 20-60 minutes.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) Environmental protection: the use of renewable resources such as corn stalks, rice straw, and wheat straw as raw materials not only reduces the use of traditional wood and reduces dependence on forest resources, but also the utilization of these agricultural wastes helps to reduce the impact of agricultural waste on the environment, which is in line with the concept of sustainable development.

[0019] (2) Improved performance: Through nano-penetration technology and multi-layer bonding technology, inorganic adhesives are tightly integrated on the straw fibers at the nanoscale, thereby greatly improving the physical properties of the straw board, including stability, flame retardancy, waterproofness, moisture resistance, anti-corrosion and insect resistance. In particular, combined with the high-efficiency smoke suppression effect, this type of straw board is more suitable for use in the fields of building decoration and furniture manufacturing that require fire and moisture protection, thereby enhancing its market competitiveness.

[0020] (3) Cost-effectiveness: The middle layer uses straw fibers with a coarse particle structure, which reduces the density and weight of the entire board, thereby reducing production costs while ensuring the strength of the board. At the same time, a simpler cold pressing, hot pressing curing and drying process is used to shorten the production cycle, improve production efficiency, and make the product have a higher cost-effectiveness ratio. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0022] The invention provides an inorganic flame retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board, which is prepared from straw fibers obtained by crushing corn straw, rice straw and wheat straw. The straw board consists of a three-layer structure, wherein the upper layer and the lower layer are fine powder structures, and the middle layer is a powder structure. The thickness ratio of the upper layer, the lower layer and the middle layer is 1:1:1, wherein the particle size of the fine powder structure is 50-80 meshes, and the particle size of the powder structure is 20-30 meshes.

[0023] The thickness of the straw board is 3-25mm, the thinnest is 3mm, and the thickest is 25mm, which meets different usage requirements; the straw board adopts nano-penetration technology to make the inorganic adhesive tightly integrated with the straw fiber at the nanoscale, thereby improving the stability and moisture-proof performance of the board; the straw board adopts multi-layered technology, and through a composite flame retardant method, it integrates high-efficiency smoke suppression, flame retardancy, moisture-proof, corrosion-resistant, insect-proof, and structural dimensional stability, environmental protection, non-toxicity, and biodegradability; the middle layer is a coarse-grained structure to reduce the density and weight of the board, thereby reducing costs and ensuring the smoothness of the surface, and is suitable for high-end finishing of furniture.

[0024] A method for processing an inorganic flame-retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board comprises the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: Grind corn stalks, rice straw and wheat straw into straw fibers, one part of which is crushed into fine powder straw fibers with a particle size of 50-80 meshes, and the other part is crushed into powder straw fibers with a particle size of 20-30 meshes;

[0026] Step 2: Add adhesive and water to the fine powdered straw fiber and the powdered straw fiber respectively, and stir evenly so that the adhesive can be evenly distributed and effectively bond the straw fiber, wherein the mixing ratio of the straw fiber, water, and adhesive is 2:0.3:2;

[0027] Step 3: The mixed materials are formed into preformed plates through a compression molding machine, including an upper plate, a middle plate, and a lower plate;

[0028] Step 4: cold press the preformed sheet at room temperature and a pressure of 8-14 MPa for at least 24 hours to enhance the density and surface flatness of the sheet and ensure that the sheet has excellent physical properties and dimensional stability;

[0029] Step 5: Place the cold-pressed sheet into a hot-pressing device and perform heat curing at a temperature of 120-160°C for 20-60 minutes to completely cure the adhesive inside the sheet and enhance the overall structural strength of the sheet;

[0030] Step 6: Dry the heat-cured board in a specific temperature and humidity environment. When the moisture content of the board is reduced to 6-12%, the drying can be stopped to ensure the final performance stability of the board. The drying temperature is set at 120-160°C and the drying time is 20-60 minutes.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] This embodiment provides a method for processing an inorganic flame-retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board, and the specific steps are as follows.

[0033] (I) Raw material preparation

[0034] 10kg corn stalks; 10kg rice straw; 10kg wheat straw.

[0035] (II) Material processing

[0036] Corn stalks, rice straws and wheat straws are mixed and crushed into straw fibers; a part of them is crushed into fine powdered straw fibers (10 kg) with a particle size of 50-80 meshes, and the other part is crushed into powdered straw fibers (20 kg) with a particle size of 20-30 meshes;

[0037] Add fine powdered straw fiber and powdered straw fiber into two mixers respectively, then add 10kg adhesive and 1.5kg water to the fine powdered straw fiber (10kg), and add 20kg adhesive and 3kg water to the powdered straw fiber (20kg), and stir thoroughly so that the adhesive can be evenly distributed and effectively bond the straw fiber.

[0038] (III) Material Forming

[0039] The mixed fine powder material and powder material are respectively sent to a compression molding machine for preforming. The preformed fine powder material forms an upper layer plate and a lower layer plate, and the preformed powder material forms a middle layer plate. The thickness ratio of each layer is 1:1:1.

[0040] The upper layer board is 1mm thick, and the length and width are both 1m; the lower layer board is 1mm thick, and the length and width are both 1m; the middle layer board is 1mm thick, and the length and width are both 1m.

[0041] The preformed upper, middle and lower panels are combined and placed in a cold press. At room temperature, a pressure of 11 MPa is applied for cold pressing for 24 hours to enhance the density and surface flatness of the panels and ensure that the panels have excellent physical properties and dimensional stability.

[0042] (IV) Thermal curing and drying

[0043] The cold-pressed sheet is placed in a hot-pressing device and heat-cured at 140°C for 40 minutes to fully cure the adhesive inside the sheet and enhance the overall structural strength of the sheet.

[0044] The heat-cured boards are sent to the drying room, and the drying temperature is set to 140°C and the drying time is 40 minutes. At this time, the moisture content of the boards is reduced to 6-12%. Depending on the dryness of the boards, the drying can be stopped to ensure the final performance stability of the boards.

[0045] Through the above embodiments, an inorganic flame retardant and waterproof environmentally friendly straw board with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully prepared. The board not only has excellent environmental performance, but also has good physical and mechanical properties, and is suitable for fields such as building decoration and furniture manufacturing.

[0046] Embodiment 2:

[0047] This embodiment provides a method for processing an inorganic flame-retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board, and the specific steps are as follows.

[0048] (I) Raw material preparation

[0049] 20kg corn stalks; 20kg rice straw; 20kg wheat straw.

[0050] (II) Material processing

[0051] Corn stalks, rice straws and wheat straws are mixed and crushed into stalk fibers; a part of them is crushed into fine powdery stalk fibers (20 kg) with a particle size of 50-80 meshes, and the other part is crushed into powdery stalk fibers (40 kg) with a particle size of 20-30 meshes;

[0052] Add fine powdered straw fiber and powdered straw fiber into two mixers respectively, then add 20kg adhesive and 3kg water to the fine powdered straw fiber (20kg), add 40kg adhesive and 6kg water to the powdered straw fiber (40kg), and stir thoroughly so that the adhesive can be evenly distributed and effectively bond the straw fiber.

[0053] (III) Material Forming

[0054] The mixed fine powder material and powder material are respectively sent to a compression molding machine for preforming. The preformed fine powder material forms an upper layer plate and a lower layer plate, and the preformed powder material forms a middle layer plate. The thickness ratio of each layer is 1:1:1.

[0055] The upper layer board is 3mm thick, and the length and width are both 1m; the lower layer board is 3mm thick, and the length and width are both 1m; the middle layer board is 3mm thick, and the length and width are both 1m.

[0056] The preformed upper, middle and lower panels are combined and placed in a cold press. At room temperature, a pressure of 12MPa is applied for cold pressing for 28 hours to enhance the density and surface flatness of the panels and ensure that the panels have excellent physical properties and dimensional stability.

[0057] (IV) Thermal curing and drying

[0058] The cold-pressed sheet is placed in a hot pressing device and heat-cured at 150°C for 36 minutes to completely cure the adhesive inside the sheet and enhance the overall structural strength of the sheet.

[0059] The heat-cured boards are sent to the drying room, and the drying temperature is set to 150°C and the drying time is 35 minutes. At this time, the moisture content of the boards is reduced to 6-12%. Depending on the dryness of the boards, the drying can be stopped to ensure the final performance stability of the boards.

[0060] Through the above embodiments, an inorganic flame retardant and waterproof environmentally friendly straw board with a thickness of 9 mm was successfully prepared. The board not only has excellent environmental performance, but also has good physical and mechanical properties, and is suitable for fields such as building decoration and furniture manufacturing.

[0061] Embodiment 3:

[0062] This embodiment provides a method for processing an inorganic flame-retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board, and the specific steps are as follows.

[0063] (I) Raw material preparation

[0064] 15kg corn stalks; 15kg rice straw; 15kg wheat straw.

[0065] (II) Material processing

[0066] Corn stalks, rice straws and wheat straws are mixed and crushed into stalk fibers; one part of them is crushed into fine powdered stalk fibers (15 kg) with a particle size of 50-80 meshes, and the other part is crushed into powdered stalk fibers (30 kg) with a particle size of 20-30 meshes;

[0067] Add fine powdered straw fiber and powdered straw fiber into two mixers respectively, then add 15kg adhesive and 2.25kg water to the fine powdered straw fiber (15kg), and add 30kg adhesive and 4.5kg water to the powdered straw fiber (30kg), and stir thoroughly so that the adhesive can be evenly distributed and effectively bond the straw fiber.

[0068] (III) Material Forming

[0069] The mixed fine powder material and powder material are respectively sent to a compression molding machine for preforming. The preformed fine powder material forms an upper layer plate and a lower layer plate, and the preformed powder material forms a middle layer plate. The thickness ratio of each layer is 1:1:1.

[0070] The upper layer board is 6mm thick, and the length and width are both 1m; the lower layer board is 6mm thick, and the length and width are both 1m; the middle layer board is 6mm thick, and the length and width are both 1m.

[0071] The preformed upper, middle and lower panels are combined and placed in a cold press. At room temperature, a pressure of 10 MPa is applied for cold pressing for 24 hours to enhance the density and surface flatness of the panels and ensure that the panels have excellent physical properties and dimensional stability.

[0072] (IV) Thermal curing and drying

[0073] The cold-pressed sheet is placed in a hot pressing device and heat-cured at 140°C for 50 minutes to completely cure the adhesive inside the sheet and enhance the overall structural strength of the sheet.

[0074] The heat-cured boards are sent to the drying room, and the drying temperature is set to 145°C and the drying time is 55 minutes. At this time, the moisture content of the boards is reduced to 6-12%. Depending on the dryness of the boards, the drying can be stopped to ensure the final performance stability of the boards.

[0075] Through the above-mentioned embodiments, an inorganic flame-retardant and waterproof environmentally friendly straw board with a thickness of 18 mm was successfully prepared. The board not only has excellent environmental performance, but also has good physical and mechanical properties, and is suitable for fields such as building decoration and furniture manufacturing.

[0076] Performance Testing

[0077] The inorganic flame retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw boards obtained in Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3 were subjected to performance tests, including thickness test, density test, moisture content test, flame spread time test, smoke density test, water absorption test, width deformation rate test, thickness deformation rate test, mildew resistance test and insect resistance test. The test results are shown in the following table.

[0078]

[0079] Test Description

[0080] (1) Thickness: Use a vernier caliper to measure the thickness of the plate to ensure that it meets the specification requirements.

[0081] (2) Density: Use a density tester to measure the density of the board to evaluate its physical properties.

[0082] (3) Moisture content: Place the board in a constant temperature and humidity chamber and use a moisture content tester to measure the moisture content of the board to ensure that the dryness meets the standard.

[0083] (4) Flame spread time: tested according to the national standard GB / T 8626-2007 to evaluate the flame retardant properties of the board.

[0084] (5) Smoke density: Tested according to national standard GB / T 20284-2006 to evaluate the smoke density generated by the board when it burns.

[0085] (6) Water absorption rate: Use the immersion method to soak the board in water for a certain period of time and then measure the water absorption rate to evaluate its waterproof performance.

[0086] (7) Width deformation rate and thickness deformation rate: After placing the sheet in a constant temperature and humidity chamber for a certain period of time, use a vernier caliper to measure its dimensional change and evaluate its moisture-proof performance.

[0087] (8) Anti-mildew performance: Tested according to the national standard GB / T 18261-2013 to evaluate the anti-mildew performance of the board.

[0088] (9) Insect resistance: Tested according to the national standard GB / T 17657-2013 to evaluate the insect resistance of the board.

[0089] The above test results show that the inorganic flame retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board of the present invention performs well in environmental protection, physical properties, flame retardancy, waterproofness, moisture resistance, mildew resistance and insect resistance, and has broad application prospects.

[0090] In summary, the inorganic flame retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board and its processing method of the present invention, by optimizing the structure and processing technology of the straw board, prepares an environmentally friendly straw board with high stability, flame retardancy, waterproof performance, moisture-proof performance, anti-corrosion performance and insect-proof performance. The straw board is suitable for the fields of building decoration, furniture manufacturing, etc., and can effectively replace traditional wood materials to promote green buildings and sustainable development.

[0091] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An inorganic flame retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board, prepared from straw fibers obtained by crushing corn straw, rice straw and wheat straw, characterized in that: The straw board consists of a three-layer structure, the upper and lower layers are fine powder structures, and the middle layer is a powder structure. The thickness ratio of the upper, lower and middle layers is 1:1:1, wherein the particle size of the fine powder structure is 50-80 meshes, and the particle size of the powder structure is 20-30 meshes.

2. The inorganic flame retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the straw board is 3-25 mm.

3. The inorganic flame retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straw board adopts nano-penetration technology to enable the inorganic adhesive to be closely integrated with the straw fibers at the nano-scale, thereby improving the stability and moisture-proof performance of the board.

4. The inorganic flame retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straw board adopts multi-layered technology and integrates high efficiency smoke suppression, flame retardancy, moisture resistance, corrosion resistance, insect resistance, stable structure and size, environmental protection, non-toxicity and biodegradability through a composite flame retardant method.

5. The inorganic flame retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle layer is a coarse-grained structure to reduce the density and weight of the board, thereby reducing costs and ensuring surface smoothness, and is suitable for high-grade finishing of furniture.

6. A method for processing an inorganic flame retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Grind corn stalks, rice straw and wheat straw into straw fibers, one part of which is crushed into fine powder straw fibers with a particle size of 50-80 meshes, and the other part is crushed into powder straw fibers with a particle size of 20-30 meshes; Step 2: Add adhesive and water to the fine powdered straw fibers and the powdered straw fibers respectively, and stir evenly so that the adhesive can be evenly distributed and effectively bond the straw fibers; Step 3: The mixed materials are formed into preformed plates through a compression molding machine, including an upper plate, a middle plate, and a lower plate; Step 4: cold press the preformed sheet at room temperature and a pressure of 8-14 MPa for at least 24 hours to enhance the density and surface flatness of the sheet and ensure that the sheet has excellent physical properties and dimensional stability; Step 5: Place the cold-pressed sheet into a hot-pressing device and perform heat curing at a temperature of 120-160°C for 20-60 minutes to completely cure the adhesive inside the sheet and enhance the overall structural strength of the sheet; Step 6: Dry the heat-cured board in a specific temperature and humidity environment. When the moisture content of the board is reduced to 6-12%, the drying can be stopped to ensure the final performance stability of the board.

7. The method for processing an inorganic flame-retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mixing ratio of the straw fiber, water and adhesive is 2:0.3:

2.

8. The method for processing an inorganic flame-retardant, waterproof and environmentally friendly straw board according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drying temperature is set at 120-160° C., and the drying time is set at 20-60 minutes.

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