Thermal management system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a thermal management system and a vehicle, relates to the technical field of vehicles, and is at least used for solving the technical problem of high cost of manufacturing a management system for controlling the temperature of a battery pack in related technologies. According to the heat management system, the heat management system is divided into the direct cooling loop and the direct heating loop, the flow direction of the refrigerant in the heat management system is controlled through the switching device, circulation of the refrigerant in the direct cooling loop or the direct heating loop is achieved, the purpose of controlling the temperature of the battery pack based on the single compressor is achieved, and the cost of manufacturing the heat management system is reduced. Meanwhile, under the condition that the internal space size of the heat management system is limited, the arrangement mode of equipment and pipelines in the heat management system enables the equipment in the heat management system to be more compact, and the occupied area of the heat management system is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a thermal management system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and the continuous upgrading of power systems, rechargeable battery packs have become an important power device for new energy vehicles. Compared with fuel vehicles that add fuel to ensure the vehicle's endurance, charging a battery pack is equivalent to adding fuel; discharging a battery pack is equivalent to burning fuel. However, the charging and discharging process of a battery pack often involves energy exchange, which can cause the battery pack to be too cold or too hot, thus affecting the performance of the battery pack.

[0003] In the related art, for controlling the temperature of the battery pack to avoid overcooling or overheating of the battery pack, a direct cooling and direct heating integrated temperature control system is usually used to control the temperature of the battery pack. However, the direct cooling and direct heating integrated temperature control system in this method requires two compressors and two condensers to control the temperature of the battery pack, and the manufacturing cost is high. Therefore, how to reduce the manufacturing cost of the system for battery pack temperature control is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a thermal management system and a vehicle, which are at least used to solve the technical problem of high cost in manufacturing a management system for controlling the temperature of a battery pack in the related art.

[0005] In a first aspect, a thermal management system is provided, comprising: a compressor, a condenser, a liquid storage tank, a drying filter, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a fourth heat exchanger, a first throttling device, a cooling plate and a switching device; wherein the refrigerant flow path of the thermal management system comprises: a direct cooling circuit, which is a circuit for circulating refrigerant constructed by sequentially connecting the compressor, the condenser, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, the first heat exchanger, the first throttling device, the cooling plate and the second heat exchanger, and the direct cooling circuit is used to reduce the temperature of the cooling plate; a direct heating circuit, which is a circuit for circulating refrigerant constructed by sequentially connecting the compressor, the third heat exchanger, the cooling plate, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, the first heat exchanger, the first throttling device and the fourth heat exchanger, and the direct heating circuit is used to increase the temperature of the cooling plate; the switching device is used to control the circulation of the refrigerant in the direct cooling circuit or the direct heating circuit.

[0006] Based on the thermal management system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the thermal management system is divided into a direct cooling circuit and a direct heating circuit. The flow direction of the refrigerant in the thermal management system is controlled by a switching device, so that the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit or the direct heating circuit, and the purpose of controlling the temperature of the battery pack based on a single compressor is achieved, thereby reducing the cost of manufacturing the thermal management system. At the same time, when the internal space size of the thermal management system is limited, the arrangement of the equipment and pipelines inside the thermal management system makes the equipment inside the thermal management system more compact, reducing the floor space of the thermal management system.

[0007] In some embodiments, the switching device includes: a direct cooling circuit solenoid valve and a direct heating circuit solenoid valve; wherein, when the direct cooling circuit solenoid valve is opened and the direct heating circuit solenoid valve is closed, the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit; or, when the direct cooling circuit solenoid valve is closed and the direct heating circuit solenoid valve is opened, the refrigerant circulates in the direct heating circuit.

[0008] In some embodiments, the direct cooling circuit solenoid valve includes: a first solenoid valve, wherein the first end of the first solenoid valve is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the compressor, and the second end of the first solenoid valve is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the condenser; a second solenoid valve, wherein the first end of the second solenoid valve is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the condenser, and the second end of the second solenoid valve is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the liquid storage tank; a third solenoid valve, wherein the first end of the third solenoid valve is connected to the first end of the first throttling device, and the second end of the third solenoid valve is connected to the first end of the cooling plate; and a fourth solenoid valve, wherein the first end of the fourth solenoid valve is connected to the second end of the cooling plate, and the second end of the fourth solenoid valve is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchanger.

[0009] In some embodiments, the direct heating circuit solenoid valve includes: a fifth solenoid valve, a first end of the fifth solenoid valve is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the compressor, and a second end of the fifth solenoid valve is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the third heat exchanger; a sixth solenoid valve, a first end of the sixth solenoid valve is connected to the first end of the cooling plate, and a second end of the sixth solenoid valve is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the liquid storage tank; a seventh solenoid valve, a first end of the seventh solenoid valve is connected to the first end of the first throttling device, and a second end of the seventh solenoid valve is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the fourth heat exchanger.

[0010] In some embodiments, the thermal management system also includes a controller; the controller is configured to: adjust the operating frequency of the condenser based on the actual pressure and set pressure of the refrigerant before flowing into the first throttling device when the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit; and / or adjust the opening of the first throttling device based on the actual temperature and set temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling plate.

[0011] In some embodiments, the thermal management system also includes: a first control valve, which is arranged between the refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchanger in the direct cooling circuit and the second end of the cooling plate; and a controller, which is also configured to: adjust the opening of the first control valve based on the actual pressure and set pressure of the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling plate when the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit.

[0012] In some embodiments, the thermal management system also includes: a second control valve and / or a third control valve; the second control valve is arranged between the refrigerant outlet of the third heat exchanger in the direct heating circuit and the second end of the cooling plate; the third control valve is arranged between the first end of the cooling plate in the direct heating circuit and the refrigerant inlet of the liquid storage tank; the controller is also configured to: when the refrigerant circulates in the direct heating circuit, adjust the opening of the second control valve based on the actual pressure and set pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the cooling plate; and / or, adjust the opening of the third control valve based on the actual pressure and set pressure of the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling plate; and / or, adjust the opening of the first throttling device based on the actual temperature and set temperature of the refrigerant before flowing into the first throttling device.

[0013] In some embodiments, the thermal management system also includes: a fourth control valve and a first one-way valve; the first end of the fourth control valve is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the compressor, the second end of the fourth control valve is connected to the first end of the one-way valve, and the second end of the one-way valve is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the liquid storage tank; the controller is also configured to: the controller is also configured to: adjust the opening of the fourth control valve and the first one-way valve based on the actual temperature and set temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the liquid storage tank.

[0014] In some embodiments, the thermal management system also includes: a fifth control valve, a second throttling device and an eighth solenoid valve; wherein, the first end of the eighth solenoid valve is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the condenser, the second end of the eighth solenoid valve is connected to the first end of the second throttling device, the second end of the second throttling device is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor, the first end of the fifth control valve is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the condenser, and the second end of the fifth control valve is connected to the second end of the second throttling device; the controller is also configured to: adjust the opening of the fifth control valve, the second throttling device and the eighth solenoid valve based on the actual pressure and set pressure of the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling plate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes: a constant temperature water tank and four water pumps, the four water pumps correspond to the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger; the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger are all provided with refrigerant pipelines and antifreeze pipelines for heat exchange with each other; for any of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger, the inlet of the antifreeze pipeline of the heat exchanger is connected to the first end of the water pump corresponding to the heat exchanger, the second end of the water pump corresponding to the heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the constant temperature water tank, and the inlet of the constant temperature water tank is connected to the outlet of the antifreeze pipeline of the heat exchanger; the controller is also equipped with Set as follows: when the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit, the operating frequency of the water pump corresponding to the first heat exchanger is adjusted based on the actual temperature and set temperature of the refrigerant before flowing into the first throttling device; and / or, when the refrigerant circulates in the direct heating circuit, the operating frequency of the water pump corresponding to the first heat exchanger is adjusted based on the actual temperature and set temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the cooling plate; and / or, when the refrigerant circulates in the direct heating circuit, the operating frequencies of the water pumps corresponding to the first heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger are adjusted based on the actual temperature and set temperature of the refrigerant before flowing into the first throttling device.

[0016] In some embodiments, the thermal management system also includes: a gas-liquid separator, the refrigerant outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor, the gas-liquid separator is used to separate the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path to enter the compressor into gas and liquid, and output the separated gaseous refrigerant to the compressor.

[0017] In some embodiments, the thermal management system also includes: an oil separator, the oil inlet of the oil separator is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the compressor, the lubricating oil outlet of the oil separator is connected to the lubricating oil inlet of the compressor, the oil separator is used to separate the oil flowing into the oil inlet into refrigerant and lubricating oil, output the refrigerant to the refrigerant pipeline, and output the lubricating oil back to the compressor; a ninth solenoid valve, the ninth solenoid valve is arranged between the lubricating oil outlet of the oil separator and the lubricating oil inlet of the compressor.

[0018] In a second aspect, a vehicle is provided, comprising: the thermal management system described in the first aspect.

[0019] For the specific description of the second aspect and its various implementations in the present application, reference may be made to the detailed description of the first aspect and its various implementations; and for the beneficial effects of the second aspect and its various implementations, reference may be made to the analysis of the beneficial effects of the first aspect and its various implementations, which will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the present application, the drawings required for use in some embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only drawings of some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the flow direction of a refrigerant in a thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the flow direction of another refrigerant in a thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of another thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of another thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of another thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of another thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of another thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of another thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of another thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of another thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of an algorithm model for controlling a thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] 11-compressor; 12-condenser; 13-liquid storage tank; 14-drying filter; 15-first heat exchanger; 16-second heat exchanger; 17-third heat exchanger; 18-fourth heat exchanger; 19-first throttling device; 20-cooling plate; 21-switching device; 211-first solenoid valve; 212-second solenoid valve; 213-third solenoid valve; 214-fourth solenoid valve; 215-fifth solenoid valve; 216-sixth solenoid valve; 217-seventh solenoid valve; 23-first control valve; 24-second control valve; 25-third control valve; 26-fourth control valve control valve; 27-first one-way valve; 28-fifth control valve; 29-second throttling device; 30-eighth solenoid valve; 33-gas-liquid separator; 34-oil-liquid separator; 35-ninth solenoid valve; 36-first manual ball valve; 37-second manual ball valve; 38-sight glass; 39-mass flow meter; 40-first charging valve; 41-second charging valve; 42-second one-way valve; 43-third one-way valve; 191-tenth solenoid valve; 192-eleventh solenoid valve; 193-twelfth solenoid valve; 194-first electronic expansion valve; 195-second electronic expansion valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0037] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0038] In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means "or", for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more.

[0039] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and the continuous upgrading of power systems, rechargeable battery packs have become an important power device for new energy vehicles. Compared with fuel vehicles that add fuel to ensure the vehicle's endurance, charging a battery pack is equivalent to adding fuel; discharging a battery pack is equivalent to burning fuel. However, the charging and discharging process of a battery pack often involves energy exchange, which can cause the battery pack to be too cold or too hot, thus affecting the performance of the battery pack.

[0040] In the related art, for controlling the temperature of the battery pack to avoid overcooling or overheating of the battery pack, a direct cooling and direct heating integrated temperature control system is usually used to control the temperature of the battery pack. However, the direct cooling and direct heating integrated temperature control system in this method requires two compressors and two sets of condensing units to control the temperature of the battery pack, and the manufacturing cost is high. Therefore, how to reduce the manufacturing cost of the system for battery pack temperature control is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0041] In response to the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a thermal management system, including: a compressor, a condenser, a liquid storage tank, a drying filter, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a fourth heat exchanger, a first throttling device, a cooling plate and a switching device; wherein the refrigerant flow path of the thermal management system includes: a direct cooling circuit, which is a circuit for refrigerant circulation constructed by sequentially connecting the compressor, the condenser, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, the first heat exchanger, the first throttling device, the cooling plate and the second heat exchanger, and the direct cooling circuit is used to reduce the temperature of the cooling plate; a direct heating circuit, which is a circuit for refrigerant circulation constructed by sequentially connecting the compressor, the third heat exchanger, the cooling plate, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, the first heat exchanger, the first throttling device and the fourth heat exchanger, and the direct heating circuit is used to increase the temperature of the cooling plate; the switching device is used to control the circulation of the refrigerant in the direct cooling circuit or the direct heating circuit. Therefore, by dividing the thermal management system into a direct cooling circuit and a direct heating circuit, the flow direction of the refrigerant in the thermal management system is controlled by a switching device, so that the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit or the direct heating circuit, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the temperature of the battery pack. In addition, this solution can monitor the temperature of the battery pack to determine whether the battery pack is in an overheated or overcooled state, and automatically control the refrigerant to circulate in the direct cooling circuit or the direct heating circuit through the switching device.

[0042] For ease of understanding, the thermal management system provided in this application is specifically introduced below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the thermal management system 10 includes: a compressor 11, a condenser 12, a liquid storage tank 13, a drying filter 14, a first heat exchanger 15, a second heat exchanger 16, a third heat exchanger 17, a fourth heat exchanger 18, a first throttling device 19, a cooling plate 20 and a switching device 21.

[0044] The refrigerant flow path of the thermal management system 10 includes a direct cooling circuit and a direct heating circuit.

[0045] The direct cooling circuit is a circuit for circulating refrigerant, which is constructed by sequentially connecting a compressor 11, a condenser 12, a liquid storage tank 13, a drying filter 14, a first heat exchanger 15, a first throttling device 19, a cooling plate 20 and a second heat exchanger 16. The direct cooling circuit is used to reduce the temperature of the cooling plate 20.

[0046] The direct heating circuit is a circuit for circulating refrigerant, which is constructed by sequentially connecting the compressor 11, the third heat exchanger 17, the cooling plate 20, the liquid storage tank 13, the drying filter 14, the first heat exchanger 15, the first throttling device 19 and the fourth heat exchanger 18. The direct heating circuit is used to increase the temperature of the cooling plate 20.

[0047] The switching device 21 is used to control the circulation of the refrigerant in the direct cooling circuit or the direct heating circuit.

[0048] As a possible implementation method, the battery management system (BMS) can monitor the temperature changes of the cooling plate 20 during the charging or discharging process of the battery pack in real time, and can send temperature control instructions to the controller when the battery pack cooling plate 20 is overheated or overcooled. The controller controls the opening and closing of the switching device 21 to control the circulation of the refrigerant in the direct cooling circuit or the direct heating circuit.

[0049] Exemplarily, the battery management system stores temperature thresholds of the cooling plate 20, and the temperature thresholds include: a minimum temperature and a maximum temperature. When the temperature of the cooling plate 20 is greater than the maximum temperature, the battery management system determines that the battery pack cooling plate 20 is in an overheated state, and the battery management system sends a cooling instruction to the controller. The controller controls the refrigerant to circulate in the direct cooling circuit by controlling the switching device 21 to reduce the temperature of the cooling plate 20.

[0050] Alternatively, when the temperature of the cooling plate 20 is lower than the maximum temperature, the battery management system determines that the battery pack cooling plate 20 is in an overcooled state, and the battery management system sends a temperature increase instruction to the controller, and the controller controls the refrigerant to circulate in the direct heating circuit by controlling the switching device 21 to increase the temperature of the cooling plate 20. The temperature threshold can be pre-set in the battery management system.

[0051] As an example, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the flow direction of a refrigerant in a thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the flow direction and state change of the refrigerant in the direct cooling circuit may include: the compressor 11 converts the low-pressure and low-temperature gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and flows the refrigerant from the outlet of the compressor 11 to the condenser 12. After cooling and cooling by the condenser 12, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is converted into a medium-pressure and medium-temperature liquid refrigerant and flows to the liquid storage tank 13. The liquid storage tank 13 temporarily stores the refrigerant. The medium-pressure and medium-temperature liquid refrigerant flows through the outlet of the liquid storage tank 13 to the drying filter 14, and flows from the outlet of the drying filter 14 to the first heat exchanger 15. After passing through the first heat exchanger 15, the medium-pressure and medium-temperature liquid refrigerant can maintain a supercooled state. After passing through the first throttling device 19, the medium-pressure and medium-temperature liquid refrigerant is converted into a low-temperature and low-pressure mist refrigerant. After the refrigerant flows to the cooling plate 20 of the battery pack, it absorbs the heat of the battery pack and is converted into a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant. After passing through the second heat exchanger 16, it finally flows back to the compressor 11 for the next direct cooling process or direct heating process.

[0052] As another example, Figure 3 Another schematic diagram of the flow direction of refrigerant in a thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the flow direction and state change of the refrigerant in the direct heating circuit may include: the compressor 11 converts the low-pressure and low-temperature gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, the refrigerant flows from the outlet of the compressor 11 to the third heat exchanger 17, and after cooling and cooling by the third heat exchanger 17, the refrigerant is converted into a high-pressure and medium-temperature gaseous state, ensuring that the temperature of the refrigerant before flowing into the battery pack does not exceed the specified value, and the refrigerant flows to the cooling plate 20 of the battery pack to increase the temperature of the battery pack, and then is converted into a medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid refrigerant; after passing through the next liquid storage tank 13, the liquid storage tank 13 temporarily stores the refrigerant; the medium-pressure and medium-temperature liquid refrigerant flows through the outlet of the liquid storage tank 13 to the drying filter 14, and flows from the outlet of the drying filter 14 to the first heat exchanger 15, the liquid refrigerant remains in a supercooled state, passes through the first throttling device 19, and the medium-pressure and medium-temperature liquid refrigerant is converted into a low-temperature and low-pressure mist, and after passing through the fourth heat exchanger 18, it is converted into a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and finally flows back to the compressor 11 for the next direct cooling process or direct heating process.

[0053] The liquid storage tank 13 temporarily stores the refrigerant in order to maintain the pipeline pressure and flow rate. At the same time, if there is too much refrigerant in the circuit during the process of cooling the battery pack, the liquid storage tank 13 can store the refrigerant.

[0054] The dry filter 14 can absorb the excess gaseous refrigerant in the pipeline to reduce the dryness value of the refrigerant. At the same time, there will be other impurities after the refrigerant flows through the battery pack cooling plate. These impurities will affect the heat exchange process of the refrigerant. The dry filter 14 can filter these impurities to prevent the impurities from affecting the heat exchange of the cooling plate.

[0055] Therefore, by dividing the thermal management system into a direct cooling circuit and a direct heating circuit, the flow direction of the refrigerant in the thermal management system is controlled by a switching device, so that the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit or the direct heating circuit, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the temperature of the battery pack. In addition, this solution can monitor the temperature of the battery pack to determine whether the battery pack is in an overheated or overcooled state, and automatically control the refrigerant to circulate in the direct cooling circuit or the direct heating circuit through the switching device.

[0056] It should be noted that the present application uses the battery pack cooling plate as an example to provide a detailed description of the working process of the thermal management system. The above explanation is intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application. A person of ordinary skill in the art can know that the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application is also applicable to equipment with temperature control requirements.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the switching device is composed of multiple solenoid valves. Figure 1 Explain in detail how to switch between the direct cooling circuit and the direct heating circuit.

[0058] Continue reading Figure 1 In some embodiments, the switching device 21 in the thermal management system includes: a direct cooling circuit solenoid valve and a direct heating circuit solenoid valve. When the direct cooling circuit solenoid valve is turned on and the direct heating circuit solenoid valve is turned off, the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit; or when the direct cooling circuit solenoid valve is turned off and the direct heating circuit solenoid valve is turned on, the refrigerant circulates in the direct heating circuit.

[0059] like Figure 1As shown, the direct cooling circuit solenoid valve includes: a first solenoid valve 211, a first end of the first solenoid valve 211 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the compressor 11, and a second end of the first solenoid valve 211 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the condenser 12, a second solenoid valve 212, a first end of the second solenoid valve 212 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the condenser 12, and a second end of the second solenoid valve 212 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the liquid storage tank 13, a third solenoid valve 213, a first end of the third solenoid valve 213 is connected to the first end of the first throttling device 19, and a second end of the third solenoid valve 213 is connected to the first end of the cooling plate 20, and a fourth solenoid valve 214, a first end of the fourth solenoid valve 214 is connected to the second end of the cooling plate 20, and a second end of the fourth solenoid valve 214 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchanger 16.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the direct heating circuit solenoid valve includes: a fifth solenoid valve 215, a first end of the fifth solenoid valve 215 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the compressor 11, and a second end of the fifth solenoid valve 215 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the third heat exchanger 17, a sixth solenoid valve 216, a first end of the sixth solenoid valve 216 is connected to the first end of the cooling plate 20, and a second end of the sixth solenoid valve 216 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the liquid storage tank 13, and a seventh solenoid valve 217, a first end of the seventh solenoid valve 217 is connected to the first end of the first throttling device 19, and a second end of the seventh solenoid valve 217 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 18.

[0061] As an example, when the temperature of the battery pack cooling plate 20 rises, the thermal management system needs to be controlled to work in the direct cooling mode, that is, the refrigerant needs to circulate in the direct cooling loop. The first solenoid valve 211, the second solenoid valve 212, the third solenoid valve 213 and the fourth solenoid valve 214 are controlled to be in the open state, and the fifth solenoid valve 215, the sixth solenoid valve 216 and the seventh solenoid valve 217 are controlled to be in the closed state, and the refrigerant can circulate in the direct cooling loop.

[0062] As another example, when the temperature of the battery pack cooling plate 20 decreases, the thermal management system needs to be controlled to work in the direct heating mode, that is, the refrigerant needs to circulate in the direct heating loop. The first solenoid valve 211, the second solenoid valve 212, the third solenoid valve 213 and the fourth solenoid valve 214 are controlled to be in a closed state, and the fifth solenoid valve 215, the sixth solenoid valve 216 and the seventh solenoid valve 217 are controlled to be in an open state, so that the refrigerant can circulate in the direct heating loop.

[0063] The thermal management system provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes a controller in order to control the temperature of the cooling plate. The following embodiment describes in detail how to control the temperature of the cooling plate.

[0064] Continue reading Figure 1In some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes: a controller (not shown in the figure).

[0065] The controller is configured to adjust the operating frequency of the condenser 12 based on the actual pressure and set pressure of the refrigerant before flowing into the first throttling device 19 when the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit. And / or, adjust the opening of the first throttling device 19 based on the actual temperature and set temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling plate 20. The controller is electrically connected to other components in the thermal management system.

[0066] Exemplarily, when the actual pressure of the refrigerant before flowing into the first throttling device 19 is less than the set pressure, the controller controls the operating frequency of the condenser 12 to decrease.

[0067] For example, when the actual temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling plate 20 is less than the set temperature, the controller controls the opening of the first throttling device 19 to be reduced. Alternatively, when the actual pressure of the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling plate 20 is less than the set pressure, the controller controls the opening of the first throttling device 19 to be reduced.

[0068] exist Figure 1 The thermal management system shown is based on Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, as Figure 4 As shown, the thermal management system further includes: a first control valve 23 .

[0069] The first control valve 23 is disposed between the refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchanger 16 and the second end of the cooling plate 20 in the direct cooling circuit.

[0070] The controller is further configured to adjust the opening of the first control valve 23 based on the actual pressure of the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling plate 20 and the set pressure when the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit.

[0071] Exemplarily, when the actual pressure of the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling plate 20 is less than the set pressure, the opening of the first control valve 23 is reduced.

[0072] It should be understood that in the direct cooling circuit, the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant after passing through the battery pack cooling plate are too high. By controlling the first control valve 23 and the second heat exchanger 16, the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant after passing through the battery pack cooling plate can be controlled to avoid excessive pressure and temperature when the refrigerant flows into the compressor.

[0073] exist Figure 1 The thermal management system shown is based on Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5As shown, in some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes: a second control valve 24 and / or a third control valve 25 .

[0074] The second control valve 24 is disposed between the refrigerant outlet of the third heat exchanger 17 in the direct heating loop and the second end of the cooling plate 20. The third control valve 25 is disposed between the first end of the cooling plate 20 in the direct heating loop and the refrigerant inlet of the liquid storage tank 13.

[0075] The controller is further configured to adjust the opening of the second control valve 24 based on the actual pressure and set pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the cooling plate 20 when the refrigerant circulates in the direct heating circuit. And / or, adjust the opening of the first throttling device 19 based on the actual temperature and set temperature of the refrigerant before flowing into the first throttling device 19.

[0076] As an example, when the refrigerant circulates in the direct heating circuit, the opening degree of the third control valve 25 is adjusted based on the actual pressure of the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling plate 20 and the set pressure.

[0077] exist Figure 1 The thermal management system shown is based on Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 As shown, the thermal management system further includes: a fourth control valve 26 and a first check valve 27 .

[0078] The first end of the fourth control valve 26 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the compressor 11 , the second end of the fourth control valve 26 is connected to the first end of the one-way valve, and the second end of the one-way valve is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the liquid storage tank 13 .

[0079] The controller is further configured to adjust the openings of the fourth control valve 26 and the first check valve 27 based on the actual temperature and the set temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the liquid storage tank 13 .

[0080] Exemplarily, when the actual temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the liquid storage tank 13 is lower than the set temperature, the fourth control valve 26 and the first check valve 27 are opened.

[0081] It should be understood that by setting the fourth control valve 26 and the first one-way valve 27, when the actual temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the liquid storage tank is too cold, the actual temperature of the refrigerant can be adjusted by opening the fourth control valve 26 and the first one-way valve 27, thereby ensuring that the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the first throttling device meets the requirements.

[0082] exist Figure 1 The thermal management system shown is based on Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7As shown, the thermal management system further includes: a fifth control valve 28 , a second throttling device 29 and an eighth solenoid valve 30 .

[0083] Among them, the first end of the eighth solenoid valve 30 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the condenser 12, the second end of the eighth solenoid valve 30 is connected to the first end of the second throttling device 29, the second end of the second throttling device 29 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor 11, the first end of the fifth control valve 28 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the condenser 12, and the second end of the fifth control valve 28 is connected to the second end of the second throttling device 29.

[0084] The controller is further configured to adjust the openings of the fifth control valve 28 , the second throttle device 29 , and the eighth solenoid valve 30 based on the actual pressure of the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling plate 20 and the set pressure.

[0085] As an example, when the actual pressure at the first end of the battery pack cooling plate 20 is less than the set pressure, the controller controls the eighth solenoid valve 30 to open, and increases the openings of the fifth control valve 28 and the second throttling device 29 .

[0086] It should be understood that the refrigerant flow at the refrigerant inlet of the compressor is regulated by adjusting the opening of the fifth control valve 28, the second throttling device 29 and the eighth solenoid valve 30, thereby protecting the compressor from operating stably under high-speed operation.

[0087] exist Figure 1 The thermal management system shown is based on Figure 8 A schematic diagram of another thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 As shown, the thermal management system further includes: a constant temperature water tank 31 and four water pumps 32. The four water pumps 32 correspond to the first heat exchanger 15, the second heat exchanger 16, the third heat exchanger 17 and the fourth heat exchanger 18.

[0088] Among them, the first heat exchanger 15, the second heat exchanger 16, the third heat exchanger 17 and the fourth heat exchanger 18 are all provided with refrigerant pipelines and antifreeze pipelines for heat exchange with each other. For any of the four heat exchangers, the first heat exchanger 15, the second heat exchanger 16, the third heat exchanger 17 and the fourth heat exchanger 18, the inlet of the antifreeze pipeline of the heat exchanger is connected to the first end of the water pump 32 corresponding to the heat exchanger, the second end of the water pump 32 corresponding to the heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the constant temperature water tank 31, and the inlet of the constant temperature water tank 31 is connected to the outlet of the antifreeze pipeline of the heat exchanger.

[0089] like Figure 8As shown, the A end of each heat exchanger is the refrigerant inlet, the B end is the inlet of the antifreeze pipeline, the a end is the refrigerant outlet, the b end is the outlet of the antifreeze pipeline, the B end is connected to the first end of the water pump 32, and the b end is connected to the inlet of the constant temperature water tank 31.

[0090] The controller is further configured to adjust the operating frequency of the water pump corresponding to the first heat exchanger 15 based on the actual temperature and set temperature of the refrigerant before flowing into the first throttling device 19 when the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit.

[0091] And / or, when the refrigerant circulates in the direct heating circuit, the operating frequency of the water pump corresponding to the first heat exchanger 15 is adjusted based on the actual temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the cooling plate 20 and the set temperature.

[0092] And / or, when the refrigerant circulates in the direct heating circuit, the operating frequency of the water pumps corresponding to the first heat exchanger 15 and the fourth heat exchanger 18 is adjusted based on the actual temperature and set temperature of the refrigerant before flowing into the first throttling device 19.

[0093] For example, when the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit, if the actual temperature of the refrigerant before flowing into the first throttling device 19 is lower than the set temperature, the operating frequency of the water pump corresponding to the first heat exchanger 15 is controlled to decrease. Alternatively, when the refrigerant circulates in the direct heating circuit, if the actual temperature of the refrigerant before flowing into the first throttling device 19 is lower than the set temperature, the operating frequency of the water pumps corresponding to the first heat exchanger 15 and the fourth heat exchanger 18 are controlled to decrease.

[0094] It should be noted that the above-mentioned constant temperature water tank 31 has the functions of temperature feedback and automatic heating. When the temperature of the antifreeze in the constant temperature water tank 31 deviates from the preset value, the constant temperature water tank 31 automatically controls the temperature of the antifreeze to increase or decrease. The preset value can be set in advance by the user according to the temperature control requirements of the battery pack cooling plate.

[0095] Since the refrigerant in the direct cooling circuit and the direct heating circuit in the embodiment of the present application is in a gaseous state, the above-mentioned thermal management system also needs to include a gas-liquid separator to separate the refrigerant into gas and liquid, which is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0096] exist Figure 1 Based on the thermal management system shown, in some embodiments, Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of another thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown, the thermal management system further includes: a gas-liquid separator 33 .

[0097] Among them, the gas-liquid separator 33 has a refrigerant outlet connected to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor 11. The gas-liquid separator 33 is used to separate the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path to enter the compressor 11 into gas and liquid, and output the separated gaseous refrigerant to the compressor 11.

[0098] Since the gas discharged from the compressor in the embodiment of the present application is mixed with lubricating oil, in order to ensure the safe operation of the thermal management system, the above-mentioned thermal management system also needs to include an oil-liquid separator to separate the oil and liquid in the gas discharged from the compressor, which is explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0099] exist Figure 1 The thermal management system shown is based on Fig.10 A schematic diagram of another thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.10 As shown, the thermal management system further includes: an oil separator 34 and a ninth solenoid valve 35 .

[0100] Among them, the oil separator 34, the oil inlet of the oil separator 34 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the compressor 11, the lubricating oil outlet of the oil separator 34 is connected to the lubricating oil inlet of the compressor 11, the oil separator 34 is used to separate the oil flowing into the oil inlet into refrigerant and lubricating oil, output the refrigerant to the refrigerant pipeline, and output the lubricating oil back to the compressor 11.

[0101] The ninth solenoid valve 35 is disposed between the lubricating oil outlet of the oil separator 34 and the lubricating oil inlet of the compressor 11 .

[0102] As an example, when the thermal management system is in operation, the ninth solenoid valve 35 should be in an open state so that the lubricating oil separated by the oil separator 34 can return to the compressor 11 .

[0103] exist Figure 1 The thermal management system shown is based on Fig.11 A schematic diagram of another thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.11 As shown, the thermal management system further includes: a first manual ball valve 36 , a second manual ball valve 37 , a sight glass 38 , a mass flow meter 39 , a first filling valve 40 , a second filling valve 41 , a second one-way valve 42 and a third one-way valve 43 .

[0104] The first end of the first manual ball valve 36 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the liquid storage tank 13, and the second end of the first manual ball valve 36 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the dry filter 14. The first end of the second manual ball valve 37 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the dry filter 14, and the second end of the second manual ball valve 37 is connected to the first end of the sight glass 38. The second end of the sight glass 38 is connected to the first end of the mass flow meter 39, and the second end of the mass flow meter 39 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the first heat exchanger 15.

[0105] The first end of the first filling valve 40 is connected to the second end of the third solenoid valve 213, the second end of the first filling valve 40 is connected to the first end of the cooling plate 20, the first end of the second filling valve 41 is connected to the second end of the cooling plate 20, and the second end of the second filling valve 41 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the third heat exchanger 17.

[0106] The first end of the second one-way valve 42 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchanger 16, the second end of the second one-way valve 42 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the gas-liquid separator 33, the first end of the third one-way valve 43 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 18, and the second end of the third one-way valve 43 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the gas-liquid separator 33.

[0107] See also Figure 1 and Fig.11 The first throttling device 19 includes: a tenth solenoid valve 191, an eleventh solenoid valve 192, a twelfth solenoid valve 193, a first electronic expansion valve 194 and a second electronic expansion valve 195. The first ends of the tenth solenoid valve 191, the eleventh solenoid valve 192 and the twelfth solenoid valve 193 are respectively connected to the refrigerant outlet of the first heat exchanger 15, the second end of the tenth solenoid valve 191 is connected to the first end of the first electronic expansion valve 194, the second end of the eleventh solenoid valve 192 is connected to the first end of the second electronic expansion valve 195, and the second ends of the tenth solenoid valve 191, the eleventh solenoid valve 192 and the twelfth solenoid valve 193 are respectively connected to the first end of the third solenoid valve 213.

[0108] Among them, the tenth solenoid valve 191 is used to control the opening and closing of the refrigerant passage where the first electronic expansion valve 194 is located, the eleventh solenoid valve 192 is used to control the opening and closing of the refrigerant passage where the second electronic expansion valve 195 is located, the twelfth solenoid valve 193 is used to quickly inject refrigerant when the thermal management system is activated, the first electronic expansion valve 194 is used to coarsely adjust the refrigerant flow, and the second electronic expansion valve 195 is used to finely adjust the refrigerant flow.

[0109] The second throttling device 29 includes: a third electronic expansion valve.

[0110] The first manual ball valve 36 and the second manual ball valve 37 in the thermal management system are detachable valves, which facilitate the replacement of the filter drier 14. The sight glass 38 is used to check the state of the refrigerant. The mass flow meter 39 is used to monitor the flow of the refrigerant in the thermal management system. The first filling valve 40 and the second filling valve 41 are used to inject the refrigerant into the cooling plate 20.

[0111] The first end of the second one-way valve 42 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchanger, the second end of the second one-way valve 42 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the gas-liquid separator 33, the first end of the third one-way valve 43 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the fourth heat exchanger, and the second end of the third one-way valve 43 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the gas-liquid separator 33.

[0112] It should be noted that in the thermal management system, pressure sensors (P6, P7) and temperature sensors (T6, T7) are provided at both the first and second ends of the cooling plate 20, pressure sensors (P1, P2) and temperature sensors (T1, T2) are provided at both the refrigerant inlet and outlet of the compressor 11, and pressure sensors and temperature sensors are provided at the refrigerant outlets of the first heat exchanger 15, the second heat exchanger 16, the third heat exchanger 17, and the fourth heat exchanger 18, respectively. The temperature sensor is (P5, T5), the pressure sensor and temperature sensor at the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchanger 16 are (P8, T8), the pressure sensor and temperature sensor at the refrigerant outlet of the third heat exchanger 17 are (P10, T10), the pressure sensor and temperature sensor at the refrigerant outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 18 are (P9, T9), the refrigerant outlet of the condenser 12 is provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor (P3, T3), and the refrigerant inlet of the liquid storage tank 13 is provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor (P4, T4).

[0113] It should be understood that the controller communicates with each of the above-mentioned temperature sensors and pressure sensors to control other components of the thermal management system according to the temperature change and pressure change of each of the above-mentioned temperature sensors and pressure sensors. The specific process is as follows:

[0114] 1. When the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit, when the actual pressure and actual temperature of the first end of the battery pack cooling plate 20 deviate from the set pressure and set temperature, the controller controls the opening of the first regulating valve and the first throttling device 19, or adjusts the opening of the fifth control valve 28, the second throttling device 29 and the eighth solenoid valve 30. When the actual pressure and actual temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the first throttling device 19 deviate from the set pressure and set temperature, the controller controls the operating frequency of the water pump corresponding to the first heat exchanger 15 and the operating frequency of the condenser 12.

[0115] Specifically, when the actual pressure at the first end of the battery pack cooling plate 20 is less than the set pressure and / or the actual temperature is less than the set temperature, the controller controls the opening of the first regulating valve to decrease and / or increases the opening of the first throttling device 19.

[0116] When the actual pressure at the first end of the battery pack cooling plate 20 is less than the set pressure, the controller controls the eighth solenoid valve 30 to open, and increases the openings of the fifth control valve 28 and the second throttling device 29 .

[0117] When the actual pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the first throttling device 19 is lower than the set pressure and / or the actual temperature is lower than the set temperature, the controller controls the operating frequency of the water pump corresponding to the first heat exchanger 15 to decrease and the operating frequency of the condenser 12 to decrease.

[0118] 2. When the refrigerant circulates in the direct heating loop, when the actual pressure and actual temperature of the second end of the battery pack cooling plate 20 deviate from the set pressure and set temperature, the controller controls the opening degree of the second control valve 24 and / or the operating frequency of the water pump corresponding to the third heat exchanger 17 to adjust; or, adjusts the opening degree of the fifth control valve 28, the second throttling device 29 and the eighth solenoid valve 30 for control. When the actual pressure and actual temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the first throttling device 19 deviate from the set pressure and set temperature, the rated operating frequency of the water pump corresponding to the first heat exchanger 15 and the fourth heat exchanger 18 is adjusted, and the opening degree of the first throttling device 19 is controlled.

[0119] Specifically, when the actual pressure at the second end of the battery pack cooling plate 20 is lower than the set pressure and / or the actual temperature is lower than the set temperature, the controller controls the opening of the second control valve 24 to increase and / or the operating frequency of the water pump corresponding to the third heat exchanger 17 to decrease.

[0120] When the actual pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the first throttling device 19 is lower than the set pressure and / or the actual temperature is lower than the set temperature, the controller controls the operating frequency of the water pumps corresponding to the first heat exchanger 15 and the fourth heat exchanger 18 to decrease, and controls the opening of the first throttling device 19 to decrease.

[0121] It should be understood that the values ​​of each temperature sensor and pressure sensor in the above direct cooling process and direct heating process are not fixed, but will fluctuate within a certain range. Therefore, when comparing the actual pressure and the set pressure or the actual temperature and the set temperature, it will be determined whether the actual pressure or the actual temperature is within the corresponding preset range. If it is within the preset range, temperature or pressure control is not required. The preset range is determined according to the control requirements of the user.

[0122] Meanwhile, in the embodiment of the present application, when there is a need to control the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant, the controller controls the condenser, water pump, control valve and electronic expansion valve based on the PID algorithm. Fig.12 As shown in the figure, SP represents the set pressure and / or set temperature, and PV represents the actual pressure and / or actual temperature. For the condenser and control valve, SP represents the set pressure, and PV represents the actual pressure; for the water pump and electronic expansion valve, SP represents the set temperature, and PV represents the actual temperature.

[0123] The thermal management system of the embodiment of the present application divides the thermal management system into a direct cooling circuit and a direct heating circuit. The flow direction of the refrigerant in the thermal management system is controlled by a switching device, so that the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit or the direct heating circuit, and the purpose of controlling the temperature of the battery pack based on a single compressor is achieved. While meeting the direct cooling and direct heating requirements, the cost of manufacturing the thermal management system is reduced. At the same time, when the internal space size of the thermal management system is limited, the arrangement of the equipment and pipelines inside the thermal management system makes the equipment inside the thermal management system more compact, reducing the floor space of the thermal management system.

[0124] The thermal management system of the embodiment of the present application is equipped with temperature sensors and pressure sensors at the refrigerant inlet or outlet of multiple devices. When there is a need for temperature or pressure control, multi-stage control of temperature or pressure is achieved by simultaneously controlling multiple control valves, throttling devices, condensers and heat exchangers in the direct cooling or direct heating circuit. Compared with the process of controlling temperature or pressure in the prior art, the control accuracy that can be achieved in the embodiment of the present application is higher, that is, the preset range of the preset temperature sensor and / or pressure sensor is smaller, and the temperature control result of the battery pack cooling plate is more accurate.

[0125] In the thermal management system of the embodiment of the present application, the temperature of the battery pack will affect the performance of the battery pack. When the temperature of the battery pack is overheated or overcooled, the battery pack's endurance will decrease. The thermal management system of the embodiment of the present application performs direct cooling and direct heating control on the battery pack cooling plate. When the battery pack is discharging, the temperature of the battery pack increases, and this solution can cool the battery pack cooling plate; when the battery pack is charging, the temperature of the battery pack decreases, and this solution can heat up the battery pack cooling plate to ensure that the battery pack can maintain thermal balance during the charging and discharging process, solving the problem of severe reduction in battery life during the normal use cycle.

[0126] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A thermal management system, characterized in that: include: A compressor (11), a condenser (12), a liquid storage tank (13), a drying filter (14), a first heat exchanger (15), a second heat exchanger (16), a third heat exchanger (17), a fourth heat exchanger (18), a first throttling device (19), a cooling plate (20), and a switching device (21); Wherein, the refrigerant flow path of the thermal management system includes: A direct cooling circuit, wherein the direct cooling circuit is a circuit for circulating a refrigerant, which is constructed by sequentially connecting the compressor (11), the condenser (12), the liquid storage tank (13), the filter drier (14), the first heat exchanger (15), the first throttling device (19), the cooling plate (20) and the second heat exchanger (16), and the direct cooling circuit is used to reduce the temperature of the cooling plate (20); A direct heating circuit, wherein the direct heating circuit is a circuit for circulating refrigerant formed by sequentially connecting the compressor (11), the third heat exchanger (17), the cooling plate (20), the liquid storage tank (13), the drying filter (14), the first heat exchanger (15), the first throttling device (19) and the fourth heat exchanger (18), and the direct heating circuit is used to increase the temperature of the cooling plate (20); The switching device (21) is used to control the refrigerant to circulate in the direct cooling circuit or the direct heating circuit.

2. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching device (21) comprises: a direct cooling circuit solenoid valve and a direct heating circuit solenoid valve; wherein, When the direct cooling circuit solenoid valve is opened and the direct heating circuit solenoid valve is closed, the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit; or, When the direct cooling circuit solenoid valve is closed and the direct current circuit solenoid valve is opened, the refrigerant circulates in the direct heating circuit.

3. The thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The direct cooling circuit solenoid valve comprises: a first solenoid valve (211), wherein a first end of the first solenoid valve (211) is connected to a refrigerant outlet of the compressor (11), and a second end of the first solenoid valve (211) is connected to a refrigerant inlet of the condenser (12); a second solenoid valve (212), wherein a first end of the second solenoid valve (212) is connected to a refrigerant outlet of the condenser (12), and a second end of the second solenoid valve (212) is connected to a refrigerant inlet of the liquid storage tank (13); a third solenoid valve (213), wherein a first end of the third solenoid valve (213) is connected to a first end of the first throttling device (19), and a second end of the third solenoid valve (213) is connected to a first end of the cooling plate (20); A fourth solenoid valve (214), wherein a first end of the fourth solenoid valve (214) is connected to a second end of the cooling plate (20), and a second end of the fourth solenoid valve (214) is connected to a refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchanger (16).

4. The thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The direct heating circuit solenoid valve comprises: a fifth solenoid valve (215), wherein a first end of the fifth solenoid valve (215) is connected to a refrigerant outlet of the compressor (11), and a second end of the fifth solenoid valve (215) is connected to a refrigerant inlet of the third heat exchanger (17); a sixth solenoid valve (216), wherein a first end of the sixth solenoid valve (216) is connected to a first end of the cooling plate (20), and a second end of the sixth solenoid valve (216) is connected to a refrigerant inlet of the liquid storage tank (13); A seventh solenoid valve (217), wherein the first end of the seventh solenoid valve (217) is connected to the first end of the first throttling device (19), and the second end of the seventh solenoid valve (217) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the fourth heat exchanger (18).

5. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal management system also includes a controller; The controller is configured to: adjust the operating frequency of the condenser (12) based on the actual pressure and set pressure of the refrigerant before flowing into the first throttling device (19) when the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit; and / or adjust the opening of the first throttling device (19) based on the actual temperature and set temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling plate (20).

6. The thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thermal management system further comprises: a first control valve (23), the first control valve (23) being arranged between a refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchanger (16) and a second end of the cooling plate (20) in the direct cooling circuit; The controller is further configured to adjust the opening of the first control valve (23) based on the actual pressure and set pressure of the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling plate (20) when the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit.

7. The thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thermal management system further comprises: a second control valve (24) and / or a third control valve (25); The second control valve (24) is arranged between the refrigerant outlet of the third heat exchanger (17) and the second end of the cooling plate (20) in the direct heating circuit; The third control valve (25) is arranged between the first end of the cooling plate (20) and the refrigerant inlet of the liquid storage tank (13) in the direct heating circuit; The controller is further configured to: when the refrigerant circulates in the direct heating circuit, adjust the opening of the second control valve (24) based on the actual pressure and set pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the cooling plate (20); and / or adjust the opening of the third control valve (25) based on the actual pressure and set pressure of the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling plate (20); and / or adjust the opening of the first throttling device (19) based on the actual temperature and set temperature of the refrigerant before flowing into the first throttling device (19).

8. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal management system further comprises: a fourth control valve (26) and a first check valve (27); The first end of the fourth control valve (26) is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the compressor (11), the second end of the fourth control valve (26) is connected to the first end of the one-way valve (27), and the second end of the one-way valve (27) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the liquid storage tank (13); The controller is further configured to adjust the openings of the fourth control valve (26) and the first check valve (27) based on the actual temperature and set temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the liquid storage tank (13).

9. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal management system further comprises: a fifth control valve (28), a second throttling device (29) and an eighth solenoid valve (30); wherein, The first end of the eighth solenoid valve (30) is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the condenser (12), the second end of the eighth solenoid valve (30) is connected to the first end of the second throttling device, the second end of the second throttling device (29) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor (11), the first end of the fifth control valve (28) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the condenser (12), and the second end of the fifth control valve (28) is connected to the second end of the second throttling device (29); The controller is also configured to adjust the respective openings of the fifth control valve (28), the second throttling device (29) and the eighth solenoid valve (30) based on the actual pressure and set pressure of the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling plate (20).

10. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal management system further comprises: a constant temperature water tank (31) and four water pumps (32), wherein the four water pumps (32) correspond to the first heat exchanger (15), the second heat exchanger (16), the third heat exchanger (17) and the fourth heat exchanger (18); The first heat exchanger (15), the second heat exchanger (16), the third heat exchanger (17) and the fourth heat exchanger (18) are all provided with refrigerant pipelines and antifreeze pipelines for mutual heat exchange; For any of the four heat exchangers, namely, the first heat exchanger (15), the second heat exchanger (16), the third heat exchanger (17) and the fourth heat exchanger (18), the inlet of the antifreeze pipeline of the heat exchanger is connected to the first end of the water pump (32) corresponding to the heat exchanger, the second end of the water pump (32) corresponding to the heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the constant temperature water tank (31), and the inlet of the constant temperature water tank (31) is connected to the outlet of the antifreeze pipeline of the heat exchanger; The controller is further configured to: when the refrigerant circulates in the direct cooling circuit, based on the actual temperature and the set temperature of the refrigerant before flowing into the first throttling device (19), adjust the operating frequency of the water pump corresponding to the first heat exchanger (15); and / or, when the refrigerant circulates in the direct heating circuit, adjusting the operating frequency of the water pump corresponding to the first heat exchanger (15) based on the actual temperature and the set temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the cooling plate (20); And / or, when the refrigerant circulates in the direct heating circuit, the operating frequency of the water pumps corresponding to the first heat exchanger (15) and the fourth heat exchanger (18) is adjusted based on the actual temperature and set temperature of the refrigerant before flowing into the first throttling device (19).

11. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal management system further comprises: A gas-liquid separator (33), wherein the refrigerant outlet of the gas-liquid separator (33) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor (11), and the gas-liquid separator (33) is used to separate the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path into gas and liquid to be fed into the compressor (11), and output the separated gaseous refrigerant to the compressor (11).

12. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal management system further comprises: An oil separator (34), wherein the oil inlet of the oil separator (34) is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the compressor (11), and the lubricating oil outlet of the oil separator (34) is connected to the lubricating oil inlet of the compressor (11). The oil separator (34) is used to separate the oil flowing into the oil inlet into refrigerant and lubricating oil, output the refrigerant to the refrigerant pipeline, and output the lubricating oil back to the compressor (11); A ninth solenoid valve (35), the ninth solenoid valve (35) being arranged between the lubricating oil outlet of the oil-liquid separator and the lubricating oil inlet of the compressor (11).

13. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: A thermal management system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12.

Images