Open cut tunnel portal plugging device and open cut tunnel receiving method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of shield receiving, and discloses an open cut tunnel portal plugging device and an open cut tunnel receiving method. The open cut tunnel portal plugging device comprises a mounting base, a cover plate and a plurality of connecting assemblies, the mounting base is arranged at the top of an open cut tunnel, and an opening communicating with the interior of the open cut tunnel is formed in the mounting base; the cover plate is rotationally connected with the mounting seat, the cover plate has a blocking state and a construction state, in the blocking state, the cover plate is in sealed contact with the mounting seat and blocks the opening, and in the construction state, the cover plate can rotate relative to the mounting seat, and the opening is opened; the connecting assembly is detachably connected with the cover plate, in the blocking state, the connecting assembly is connected with the cover plate and used for pressing the cover plate to the mounting base, and in the construction state, the connecting assembly is separated from the cover plate. When sudden dangerous cases such as water gushing and sand gushing occur in the open cut tunnel, the cover plate can quickly block the tunnel portal of the open cut tunnel, so that water and sand cannot gush out of the tunnel portal, the efficiency of treating the sudden dangerous cases on a construction site is improved, and the safety of the construction site is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield receiving technology, and in particular to an open tunnel door blocking device and an open tunnel receiving method. Background Art

[0002] Shield receiving refers to the process of safely and accurately receiving the shield machine on the receiving base through a series of technical measures when the shield machine is excavated to the receiving working shaft. It is an important link to ensure the safety and quality of tunnel construction. The existing technology mostly adopts the method of setting up an open hole structure in the receiving shaft when receiving the shield machine. The open hole structure can provide a stable and solid support environment for the reception of the shield machine, which helps to reduce the safety risks in the receiving process.

[0003] The reception of open-cut tunnels mainly includes the steps of chiseling out the tunnel portal, installing and fixing the receiving base, installing the tunnel portal seal, and receiving the shield. During the chiseling out stage, the concrete cover plate on the top of the open-cut tunnel needs to be chiseled out, and foam concrete needs to be poured in the open-cut tunnel to facilitate the subsequent steps. However, due to the influence of factors such as the surrounding geological conditions and construction technology, the open-cut tunnel is prone to sudden water and sand gushing during the chiseling out of the tunnel portal and the subsequent chiseling out of the foam concrete. Water and sand quickly enter the open-cut tunnel, seriously threatening the life and health of the workers and the stability of the open-cut tunnel structure. Moreover, since the cover plate on the top of the open-cut tunnel is mostly made of concrete, it cannot be restored once it is chiseled out. When the sudden water and sand gushing occurs, the workers cannot seal the tunnel portal in time, and water and sand will gush out from the open tunnel portal, causing the construction workers to be washed away or buried, threatening the safety of the construction site.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an open hole door blocking device and an open hole receiving method to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an open tunnel door blocking device and an open tunnel receiving method. When sudden dangerous situations such as water and sand gushing occur in the open tunnel, the cover plate can quickly block the tunnel door of the open tunnel so that water and sand cannot gush out of the tunnel door, thereby improving the efficiency of handling sudden dangerous situations at the construction site and ensuring the safety of the construction site.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] On the one hand, a device for blocking an open hole door is provided, comprising:

[0008] A mounting seat can be arranged on the top of the open hole, and an opening communicating with the inside of the open hole is arranged on the mounting seat;

[0009] The cover plate is rotatably connected to the mounting seat, and the cover plate has a blocking state and a construction state. In the blocking state, the cover plate is in sealing contact with the mounting seat and blocks the opening. In the construction state, the cover plate can rotate relative to the mounting seat and the opening is opened;

[0010] A plurality of connection components are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cover plate. The connection components and the cover plate can be detachably connected. In the blocking state, the connection components are connected to the cover plate to press the cover plate onto the mounting seat. In the construction state, the connection components are separated from the cover plate.

[0011] Optionally, the connecting component includes a quick plug-in, and the open hole door blocking device also includes a quick socket arranged at the top of the open hole. In the blocking state, the quick plug-in is inserted into the quick socket and partially extends out of the quick socket. The portion of the quick plug-in that extends relative to the quick socket can contact the cover plate to press the cover plate against the mounting seat. In the construction state, the quick plug-in is disengaged from the quick socket, and the cover plate can rotate relative to the mounting seat.

[0012] Optionally, the quick socket includes an anchor and a top plate, one end of the anchor is fixedly connected to the top plate, and the other end can be anchored in the open hole, the anchor, the top plate and the top surface of the open hole are surrounded to form a quick socket, and the quick plug-in can be inserted into or out of the quick socket.

[0013] Optionally, the quick plug-in unit includes two plug-in blocks, each of which is provided with an insert slope. When the cover plate is switched from the construction state to the blocking state, the plug-in block is inserted into the quick plug-in hole along the insert slope of the other plug-in block. In the blocking state, the insert slopes of the two plug-in blocks fit together up and down, and the plug-in block located at the bottom contacts the cover plate.

[0014] Optionally, the connection assembly further comprises a fastener, and in the blocked state, the fastener passes through the cover plate and is fastened to the mounting seat.

[0015] Optionally, the open hole door blocking device also includes a rotating shaft, a first connecting ear plate is arranged on the mounting seat, a second connecting ear plate is arranged on the cover plate, and the first connecting ear plate and the second connecting ear plate are rotatably connected via the rotating shaft.

[0016] Optionally, a pressure relief member is provided on the cover plate to release the pressure in the open hole when in a blocked state.

[0017] Optionally, the open hole door blocking device further includes a sealing member arranged on the cover plate, and in the blocking state, the cover plate is sealed and connected to the mounting seat via the sealing member.

[0018] On the other hand, a method for receiving a bright hole is provided, which uses the above-mentioned bright hole door blocking device to block the door of the bright hole during the bright hole receiving process. The bright hole receiving method comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1. Rotate the cover plate to switch it to the construction state and pour concrete in the open hole;

[0020] S2. After the concrete reaches the designed strength, the cover plate is rotated to switch the cover plate from the construction state to the blocking state, and the cover plate is pressed against the mounting seat by using the connecting assembly;

[0021] S3. Receiving the shield machine in the open hole;

[0022] S4. After the shield machine is received, the connection assembly is separated from the cover plate, and the cover plate is switched to the construction state to open the opening of the mounting seat;

[0023] S5. The concrete poured in step S1 is chiseled out through the opening. If water or sand gushes out of the open hole during the chiseling process, the cover plate is switched to a blocking state.

[0024] Optionally, a freezing pipe system for freezing the moisture in the soil layer of the open hole is provided in the open hole, and the freezing pipe system includes a freezing pipe, a connecting pipe, a connecting piece and a valve. The freezing pipe is passed through the top surface of the open hole, the connecting pipe is provided in the open hole and is detachably connected to the freezing pipe through the connecting piece, and the valve is provided on the connecting pipe for cutting off or connecting the connecting pipe;

[0025] After step S4 and before step S5, the following steps are also included:

[0026] Open the valve and inject refrigerant into the freezing pipe. The refrigerant enters the connecting pipe through the freezing pipe to freeze the soil at the receiving end of the shield.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The present invention provides a device for blocking an open hole door and an open hole receiving method. In the stage of chiseling the door, the cover plate is rotated to switch the cover plate to the construction state, the opening of the mounting seat is opened, and the staff can enter the inside of the open hole through the opening, that is, the door of the open hole is in an open state in the construction state, so that the staff can carry out subsequent construction in the open hole; when the door of the open hole is opened, if there is a sudden danger such as water and sand gushing in the open hole, the opening can be quickly blocked by rotating the cover plate, that is, the door of the open hole is closed to prevent water and sand from gushing out of the opening, thereby improving the efficiency of handling sudden dangers at the construction site. Through rapid emergency handling, on the one hand, water and sand can be prevented from affecting the environment around the open hole and the life and health of the staff at the construction site, thereby ensuring the safety of the construction site; on the other hand, it is also convenient to handle sudden dangers in a timely manner in the future, thereby reducing the delay of the construction period due to sudden dangers. After the cover plate blocks the opening, the connecting assembly can press the cover plate against the mounting seat, so that the cover plate can be stably kept in the blocking state, thereby further ensuring the safety of the construction site. In addition, compared with the existing concrete cover plate set on the top of the open hole, the cover plate of the open hole door sealing device provided by the present invention can open or seal the opening by rotating relative to the mounting seat, so that there is no need to chisel out the concrete on the top of the open hole during the open hole receiving process, which saves the time for chiseling the door, reduces the time for the open hole door to leak, and ensures the safety of the open hole receiving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a plan view of the open tunnel door blocking device provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a plan view of the open hole door blocking device provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a plan view of the mounting base of the open hole door blocking device provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 AA section view in;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a quick socket of the open hole door blocking device provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the plug-in blocks of the open tunnel door blocking device provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 The enlarged view of point B in the figure;

[0036] Figure 8 is a flow chart of the bright hole receiving method provided by the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a freezing piping system provided by the present invention;

[0038] Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0039] In the figure:

[0040] 100. Myeongdong;

[0041] 1. Mounting seat; 11. Opening; 12. First connecting ear plate; 13. Rotating shaft;

[0042] 2. Cover plate; 21. Reinforcement plate; 22. Second connecting ear plate;

[0043] 3. Connecting assembly; 31. Quick plug-in; 311. Insertion block; 3111. Insertion bevel; 32. Fastener;

[0044] 4. Quick socket; 41. Anchor; 42. Top plate; 43. Quick socket; 44. Pad;

[0045] 51. Pressure relief parts; 52. Grouting parts; 53. Pressure detection parts;

[0046] 6. Refrigeration piping system; 61. Refrigeration pipe; 62. Connecting pipe; 63. Connecting piece; 631. Flange; 632. Connecting bolt; 633. Fish scale buckle; 64. Valve; 65. Water stop ring plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0050] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc., directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0051] Embodiment 1

[0052] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a device for sealing the door of an open tunnel. When an emergency such as water or sand gushing occurs in the open tunnel 100, the cover plate 2 can quickly seal the door of the open tunnel 100, so that water and sand cannot gush out of the door, thereby improving the efficiency of handling emergency situations at the construction site and ensuring the safety of the open tunnel 100 receiving the construction site.

[0053] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The open hole door blocking device includes a mounting seat 1, a cover plate 2 and a plurality of connecting components 3. The mounting seat 1 can be set on the top of the open hole 100, and an opening 11 connected to the inside of the open hole 100 is provided on the mounting seat 1; the cover plate 2 is rotatably connected to the mounting seat 1, and the cover plate 2 has a blocking state and a construction state. In the blocking state, the cover plate 2 is in sealing contact with the mounting seat 1 and blocks the opening 11. In the construction state, the cover plate 2 can be rotated relative to the mounting seat 1, and the opening 11 is opened; a plurality of connecting components 3 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cover plate 2, and the connecting components 3 are detachably connected to the cover plate 2. In the blocking state, the connecting components 3 are connected to the cover plate 2 for pressing the cover plate 2 against the mounting seat 1, and in the construction state, the connecting components 3 are separated from the cover plate 2.

[0054] The open hole door blocking device provided in the present embodiment, during the stage of chiseling the hole door, rotates the cover plate 2 to switch the cover plate 2 to the construction state, the opening 11 of the mounting seat 1 is opened, and the staff can enter the open hole 100 through the opening 11, that is, during the construction state, the hole door of the open hole 100 is in an open state, so that the staff can carry out subsequent construction in the open hole 100; when the hole door of the open hole 100 is opened, if sudden dangerous situations such as water and sand gushing suddenly occur in the open hole 100, the opening 11 can be quickly blocked by rotating the cover plate 2, that is, the hole door of the open hole 100 is closed to prevent water and sand from gushing out of the opening 11, thereby improving the efficiency of handling sudden dangerous situations at the construction site. Through rapid emergency handling, on the one hand, it can prevent water and sand from affecting the environment around the open hole 100 and the life and health of the staff at the construction site, thereby ensuring the safety of the construction site; on the other hand, it is also convenient for subsequent timely handling of sudden dangerous situations, thereby reducing the delay of the construction period caused by sudden dangerous situations. After the cover plate 2 blocks the opening 11, the connection assembly 3 can press the cover plate 2 against the mounting seat 1, so that the cover plate 2 can be stably maintained in the blocking state, further ensuring the safety of the construction site. In addition, compared with the existing concrete cover plate set on the top of the open hole 100, the cover plate 2 of the open hole door blocking device provided by the present invention can open or block the opening 11 by rotating relative to the mounting seat 1, so that the concrete on the top of the open hole 100 does not need to be chiseled off during the receiving process of the open hole 100, which saves the time of chiseling the door, reduces the time of exposure of the open hole 100 door, and ensures the safety of receiving the open hole 100.

[0055] For example, see Figure 2 The mounting base 1 and the cover plate 2 are both made of steel. The cross-sectional shape of the mounting base 1 is a rectangular ring, and the cross-sectional shape of the cover plate 2 is a rectangle.

[0056] Further, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 A plurality of reinforcing plates 21 are arranged on the cover plate 2, and the plurality of reinforcing plates 21 divide the cover plate 2 into a plurality of small rectangular units to increase the strength of the cover plate 2, so that the cover plate 2 can withstand the greater pressure of water and sand in the open hole 100 when in the plugging state, thereby avoiding damage to the cover plate 2.

[0057] In an alternative embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 4The connection assembly 3 includes a quick plug-in 31, and the open hole door blocking device also includes a quick socket 4 arranged on the top of the open hole 100. In the blocking state, the quick plug-in 31 is inserted into the quick socket 4 and partially extends out of the quick socket 4. The portion of the quick plug-in 31 extending relative to the quick socket 4 can contact the cover plate 2 to press the cover plate 2 against the mounting seat 1. In the construction state, the quick plug-in 31 is separated from the quick socket 4, and the cover plate 2 can rotate relative to the mounting seat 1. When an emergency situation of water and sand gushing occurs in the open hole 100, the cover plate 2 can be quickly switched and maintained in the blocking state by rotating the cover plate 2 and inserting the quick plug-in 31 into the quick socket 4. The operation is convenient and quick, which greatly improves the efficiency of the cover plate 2 in blocking the opening 11, improves the ability and efficiency of handling emergency situations, and ensures the safety of the open hole 100 receiving the construction site. The quick plug-in unit 31 is partially inserted into the quick socket 4 and partially extends relative to the quick socket 4. When the cover plate 2 is subjected to the upward pressure of the water sand in the open hole 100, the cover plate 2 has a tendency to separate from the mounting seat 1, so that the portion of the quick plug-in unit 31 in contact with the cover plate 2 has a tendency to move upward, but the quick socket 4 can constrain the movement of the quick plug-in unit 31, so that the cover plate 2 can be stably maintained in a blocked state.

[0058] Specifically, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The quick socket 4 includes an anchor 41 and a top plate 42. One end of the anchor 41 is fixedly connected to the top plate 42, and the other end can be anchored to the open hole 100. The anchor 41, the top plate 42 and the top surface of the open hole 100 are surrounded to form a quick plug hole 43, and the quick plug 31 can be inserted into or out of the quick plug hole 43. The hole wall of the quick plug hole 43 can limit the movement of the quick plug 31 to ensure the stability of the quick plug 31 when plugging; the part of the anchor 41 anchored in the open hole 100 can provide a certain pull-out resistance for the quick socket 4. When water and sand surge in the open hole 100, the pull-out resistance can offset the pressure transmitted by the quick plug 31, which not only ensures the firmness of the quick socket 4 installed on the open hole 100, but also ensures the stability of the cover plate 2 blocking.

[0059] Exemplarily, the top plate 42 is made of steel, which is strong and not easy to deform. Specifically, the top plate 42 is made of a steel plate with a thickness of 50 mm, a length of 250 mm, and a width of 100 mm.

[0060] Further, see Figure 5 A plurality of anchors 41 are provided, and the plurality of anchors 41 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the top plate 42 to ensure uniformity of force application and force transmission of the top plate 42 and prevent damage to the top plate 42.

[0061] For example, see Figure 5Two anchors 41 are provided and symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the top plate 42; the anchors 41 are anchor bolts, which are welded to the top plate 42. The threads of the anchor bolts can increase the bonding force between the anchors 41 and the open hole 100, so that the anchors 41 can be firmly anchored in the open hole 100, ensuring the firmness of the installation of the quick socket 4. Specifically, the anchors 41 are made of HRB400 grade threaded steel with a diameter of 25 mm and a length of 820 mm.

[0062] Further, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The quick socket 4 also includes a pad 44, and the anchor 41 passes through the pad 44 and is anchored to the open hole 100. The pad 44 can increase the contact area between the anchor 41 and the open hole 100, so that the pressure can be evenly distributed between the open hole 100 and the anchor 41, preventing the open hole 100 from being damaged.

[0063] Exemplarily, the backing plate 44 is made of a steel plate with a thickness of 40 mm.

[0064] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 The quick plug-in 31 includes two plug-in blocks 311, and the plug-in blocks 311 are provided with plug-in inclined surfaces 3111. When the cover plate 2 switches from the construction state to the blocking state, the plug-in block 311 is inserted into the quick plug-in hole 43 along the plug-in inclined surface 3111 of another plug-in block 311. In the blocking state, the plug-in inclined surfaces 3111 of the two plug-in blocks 311 fit together up and down, and the plug-in block 311 located at the bottom contacts the cover plate 2. The quick plug-in 31 is provided with two plug-in blocks 311, so that the quick plug-in 31 can be quickly inserted into the quick plug-in hole 43, thereby improving the speed of the cover plate 2 blocking the opening 11; moreover, after the plug-in block 311 is inserted into the quick plug-in hole 43, the two plug-in blocks 311 can form a stable locking structure in the quick plug-in hole 43 through the plug-in inclined surfaces 3111, so that the plug-in block 311 will not move in the quick plug-in hole 43, so as to prevent the cover plate 2 from being pushed open under the action of pressure.

[0065] Exemplarily, the quick-insertion member 31 is made of steel, and the counter-insertion block 311 is a wedge-shaped block.

[0066] In another alternative embodiment, see Figure 4 The connection assembly 3 also includes a fastener 32. When in the blocking state, the fastener 32 passes through the cover plate 2 and is fastened to the mounting seat 1, so that the cover plate 2 can be more stably in the blocking state, ensuring the safety of the open hole 100.

[0067] Exemplarily, the fastener 32 is a bolt, and the bolt extends into the open hole 100 by 200 mm to ensure the fastening effect.

[0068] In other embodiments, see Figure 4The connection assembly 3 includes both a quick plug-in 31 and a fastener 32 to perform a double constraint on the position of the cover plate 2 in the blocked state, thereby greatly improving the firmness of the blocking of the cover plate 2.

[0069] Further, see Figure 4 The number of quick plug-ins 31 and the number of fasteners 32 are determined according to the size of the cover plate 2, and the numbers can be different.

[0070] Optionally, see Figure 7 The open hole door blocking device also includes a rotating shaft 13, a first connecting ear plate 12 is provided on the mounting seat 1, and a second connecting ear plate 22 is provided on the cover plate 2. The first connecting ear plate 12 and the second connecting ear plate 22 are rotatably connected through the rotating shaft 13 to realize the rotatable connection between the cover plate 2 and the mounting seat 1.

[0071] Exemplarily, the rotating shaft 13 is a pin, and the pin is passed through the first connecting ear plate 12 and the second connecting ear plate 22 .

[0072] Optionally, see Figure 1 The cover plate 2 is provided with a pressure relief member 51 for releasing the pressure in the open hole 100 in the blocked state. In the blocked state, if the pressure in the open hole 100 is too high, the staff can release the pressure in the open hole 100 by opening the pressure relief member 51 to reduce the pressure on the cover plate 2 and ensure the stability of the structure.

[0073] Exemplarily, the pressure relief member 51 is a pressure relief valve.

[0074] Further, see Figure 1 A grouting piece 52 is also provided on the cover plate 2. When a sudden dangerous situation such as water or sand gushing occurs in the open hole 100, slurry can be injected into the open hole 100 through the grouting piece 52 to seal cracks or holes in the open hole 100, thereby achieving the effect of waterproofing and plugging leakage, and completing the handling operation after the sudden dangerous situation.

[0075] Exemplarily, the grouting component 52 is a grouting valve, and the grouting valve can be opened to inject the slurry into the open hole 100.

[0076] Further, see Figure 1 A pressure detection member 53 is provided on the cover plate 2. Before opening the opening 11, the staff can detect the pressure in the open hole 100 through the pressure detection member 53 to avoid excessive pressure in the open hole 100 when opening the opening 11, which may threaten the safety of the surrounding staff.

[0077] Exemplarily, the pressure detection member 53 is a sight glass valve.

[0078] Specifically, see Figure 1Two pressure relief parts 51, two grouting parts 52 and a pressure detection part 53 are provided on the cover plate 2. The two pressure relief parts 51 and the two grouting parts 52 are respectively arranged at the four corners of the cover plate 2, which can improve the efficiency of pressure relief and grouting. The pressure detection part 53 is located in the middle position of the cover plate 2, and can accurately detect the pressure in the open hole 100.

[0079] Optionally, the open tunnel door sealing device also includes a seal arranged on the cover plate 2. In the sealing state, the cover plate 2 is sealed and connected to the mounting seat 1 through the seal, so that water and sand cannot flow out from the connection between the cover plate 2 and the mounting seat 1 in the sealing state.

[0080] Exemplarily, the sealing member is a rubber ring, a sealing groove is provided on the cover plate 2, the rubber ring is clamped in the sealing groove, and the rubber ring part protrudes from the surface of the cover plate 2, so that the rubber ring can fully contact with the mounting seat 1 to ensure the sealing effect.

[0081] Embodiment 2

[0082] See also Figure 8 This embodiment provides a method for receiving a bright hole, using the bright hole door blocking device of the first embodiment to block the door of the bright hole 100 during the receiving process of the bright hole 100. The bright hole receiving method includes the following steps:

[0083] S1. Rotate the cover plate 2 to switch the cover plate 2 to the construction state, and pour concrete in the open hole 100. Compared with the prior art that removes the concrete cover plate at the tunnel door by chiseling, the open hole receiving method provided in this embodiment can open the tunnel door of the open hole 100 only by rotating the cover plate 2, which greatly shortens the time for chiseling the tunnel door and improves the efficiency of construction. In addition, the concrete can form a closed "protective cover" in the open hole 100, effectively avoiding the occurrence of problems such as groundwater leakage, so that the subsequent receiving excavation of the shield machine can proceed smoothly.

[0084] For example, foamed concrete is used as concrete. It takes a shorter time for foamed concrete to reach the designed strength, which can shorten the construction period and reduce the time the tunnel portal is exposed. Moreover, the strength of foamed concrete is relatively low, so that the cutter head of the subsequent shield machine is less damaged during cutting.

[0085] S2. After the concrete in the open hole 100 reaches the designed strength, the cover plate 2 is rotated to switch the cover plate 2 from the construction state to the blocking state, and the cover plate 2 is pressed against the mounting seat 1 using the connecting assembly 3. Before the shield machine is received, the opening 11 of the mounting seat 1 is closed using the cover plate 2, that is, the door of the open hole 100 is closed to prevent groundwater, mud and sand from entering the open hole 100 during the subsequent receiving process of the shield machine, providing a safer environment for the structure of the shield machine and reducing the risks during the receiving process. Among them, the design strength of the concrete is determined according to the specific conditions of the construction site.

[0086] Specifically, step S2 includes the following steps:

[0087] S21, after the concrete in the open hole 100 reaches the designed strength, the cover plate 2 is rotated so that the cover plate 2 is in contact with the mounting seat 1 along its circumference;

[0088] S22, inserting the two plugging blocks 311 into the quick socket 4 along the plugging inclined surfaces 3111 of each other, so that the plugging block 311 located at the bottom can contact the cover plate 2, and press the cover plate 2 against the mounting seat 1, thereby completing the quick positioning of the cover plate 2;

[0089] S23, pass the fastener 32 through the cover plate 2 and fasten it to the mounting seat 1 to ensure the firmness of the cover plate 2.

[0090] S3. Receive the shield machine in Myeongdong 100.

[0091] Furthermore, during the receiving process of the shield machine, the pressure in the open hole 100 may change as the receiving proceeds. If the pressure in the open hole 100 is too high, it will have an adverse effect on the shield machine, the open hole 100 and the surrounding environment. Therefore, in order to ensure the smooth progress of the receiving of the shield machine, the staff can use the pressure detection member 53 to monitor the pressure in the open hole 100 in real time, and open the pressure relief member 51 when the pressure in the open hole 100 exceeds the safety pressure value to release the pressure in the open hole 100.

[0092] S4. After the shield machine is received, the connection assembly 3 is separated from the cover plate 2, and the cover plate 2 is switched to the construction state to open the opening 11 of the mounting seat 1, so that the workers can chisel out the concrete in the open hole 100.

[0093] Specifically, step S4 includes the following steps:

[0094] S41, using the pressure detection element 53 to detect the pressure in the open hole 100, and determine whether the pressure in the open hole 100 exceeds the safety pressure value. If so, open the pressure relief element 51 to release the pressure in the open hole 100, and wait until the pressure value in the open hole 100 is lower than the safety pressure value, and then execute steps S42 to S44; if not, directly execute steps S42 to S44;

[0095] S42, removing the fastener 32 from the mounting seat 1 and the cover plate 2;

[0096] S43, taking out the two plug-in blocks 311 from the quick plug-in holes 43 to release the limit on the cover plate 2;

[0097] S44, rotating the cover plate 2 to open the opening 11 of the mounting seat 1.

[0098] S5. The concrete poured in step S1 is chiseled out through the opening 11. If a sudden danger of water and sand gushing out occurs in the open hole 100 during the chiseling process, the cover plate 2 is switched to a blocking state. After the shield machine is received, the shield machine no longer needs the protection of concrete. At this time, chiseling out the concrete in the open hole 100 can remove obstacles in the shield receiving process, provide convenience for subsequent construction, and make the overall structure and size of the tunnel meet the design requirements.

[0099] Specifically, during the concrete removal process, affected by geological conditions, construction quality, crustal movement, human activities and other factors, sudden water and sand gushing may easily occur in the open hole 100. When a sudden water and sand gushing occurs in the open hole 100, the staff can quickly and stably seal the opening 11 of the mounting seat 1 by turning over the cover plate 2 and pressing the cover plate 2 against the mounting seat 1 using the connecting assembly 3, so as to prevent water and sand from gushing out of the open hole 100, thereby improving the ability and efficiency of handling sudden dangers at the construction site and ensuring the safety of the construction site.

[0100] Furthermore, after the opening 11 is sealed, the grouting member 52 is used to inject slurry into the open hole 100 to seal the cracks or holes in the open hole 100, thereby achieving the effect of waterproofing and plugging leakage, and preventing water and sand from continuing to flow into the open hole 100.

[0101] Optionally, see Figure 1 and Fig. 9 A freezing pipe system 6 is provided in the open hole 100. The freezing pipe system 6 can form a freezing wall in the open hole 100 to freeze the soil at the receiving end of the shield, thereby increasing the rigidity of the soil and preventing landslides or safety accidents caused by soil instability during the process of removing the foam concrete.

[0102] Specifically, see Figure 1 and Fig. 9 The freezing pipe system 6 includes a freezing pipe 61, a connecting pipe 62, a connecting piece 63 and a valve 64. The freezing pipe 61 is passed through the top surface of the open hole 100. The connecting pipe 62 is arranged in the open hole 100 and is detachably connected to the freezing pipe 61 through the connecting piece 63. The valve 64 is arranged on the connecting pipe 62 to cut off or connect the connecting pipe 62. After step S4 and before step S5, the following steps are also included: opening the valve 64, injecting a refrigerant made of low-temperature liquid nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide into the freezing pipe 61, and the refrigerant enters the connecting pipe 62 through the freezing pipe 61 to gradually freeze the water in the soil at the receiving end, thereby forming a freezing wall, which can ensure the safety of subsequent concrete chiseling.

[0103] Furthermore, after the shield machine is received in step S3 and before opening the opening 11 in step S4, the staff can use valve 64 to detect whether there is any water leakage in the freezing pipe system 6 to prevent groundwater or other fluids from penetrating into the freezing pipe system 6 and posing a threat to the shield structure and operational safety.

[0104] Furthermore, in step S5, if the freezing pipe 61 is damaged and needs to be replaced during the removal of concrete in the open hole 100, the following steps can be performed: first, stop injecting the refrigerant and close the valve 64 so that no liquid will pass through the connecting pipe 62 and the freezing pipe 61, so as to avoid the liquid flowing out of the connecting pipe 62 during the replacement of the freezing pipe 61, thereby preventing leakage, thereby ensuring the safety of the construction site when the freezing pipe 61 is replaced; then, after the valve 64 is closed, the connecting pipe 62 is separated from the freezing pipe 61 by the connecting piece 63, and the replaced freezing pipe 61 is connected to the connecting pipe 62 by the connecting piece 63. In this process, there is no need to replace the connecting pipe 62 arranged in the open hole 100, which improves the efficiency of repairing the freezing pipe system 6 and reduces the cost of replacing the freezing pipe 61; finally, after the replacement of the freezing pipe 61 is completed, the valve 64 is opened to connect the connecting pipe 62, so that the normal operation of the freezing pipe system 6 can be restored, and the operation is convenient and fast, which is convenient for use on the construction site.

[0105] In this embodiment, refer to Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The connecting piece 63 includes two flanges 631 and connecting bolts 632. The end of the connecting pipe 62 is connected to one flange 631 through a fish scale buckle 633, and the end of the freezing pipe 61 is connected to the other flange 631 through a fish scale buckle 633. The two flanges 631 are connected by connecting bolts 632 to achieve a detachable connection between the connecting pipe 62 and the freezing pipe 61. Furthermore, the connecting pipe 62 is also connected to other pipes in the open hole 100, such as a drainage pipe, through the connecting piece 63, which will not be repeated here.

[0106] Furthermore, a water stop ring plate 65 is provided on the connecting pipe 62, so that water must bypass the water stop ring plate 65 when passing through the open hole 100 from bottom to top, thereby forming a solid waterproof barrier, which not only increases the length of the seepage path, but also increases the resistance of the water flow, slows down the water flow speed, and thus reduces the possibility of leakage.

[0107] Exemplarily, the valve 64 is a ball valve, the connecting pipe 62 is a seamless steel pipe, and the water stop ring plate 65 is made of steel.

[0108] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for blocking an open tunnel door, characterized in that: include: A mounting seat (1) capable of being arranged on the top of the open hole (100), wherein the mounting seat (1) is provided with an opening (11) communicating with the interior of the open hole (100); A cover plate (2) is rotatably connected to the mounting seat (1), and the cover plate (2) has a blocking state and a working state. In the blocking state, the cover plate (2) is in sealing contact with the mounting seat (1) and blocks the opening (11). In the working state, the cover plate (2) can be rotated relative to the mounting seat (1) and the opening (11) is opened. A plurality of connection components (3) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cover plate (2); the connection components (3) and the cover plate (2) are detachably connected; in the blocking state, the connection components (3) are connected to the cover plate (2) for pressing the cover plate (2) against the mounting seat (1); in the construction state, the connection components (3) are separated from the cover plate (2).

2. The open hole door blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection assembly (3) comprises a quick plug-in component (31), and the open hole door blocking device further comprises a quick socket (4) arranged at the top of the open hole (100); in the blocking state, the quick plug-in component (31) is inserted into the quick socket (4) and partially extends out of the quick socket (4); the portion of the quick plug-in component (31) extending relative to the quick socket (4) can contact the cover plate (2) to press the cover plate (2) against the mounting seat (1); in the construction state, the quick plug-in component (31) is separated from the quick socket (4), and the cover plate (2) can rotate relative to the mounting seat (1).

3. The open hole door blocking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The quick socket (4) comprises an anchor (41) and a top plate (42); one end of the anchor (41) is fixedly connected to the top plate (42), and the other end can be anchored to the open hole (100); the anchor (41), the top plate (42) and the top surface of the open hole (100) are surrounded to form a quick insertion hole (43); the quick plug-in unit (31) can be inserted into or detached from the quick insertion hole (43).

4. The open hole door blocking device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The quick plug-in unit (31) comprises two plug-in blocks (311), each of which is provided with an plug-in inclined surface (3111). When the cover plate (2) switches from the construction state to the blocking state, the plug-in block (311) is inserted into the quick plug-in hole (43) along the plug-in inclined surface (3111) of the other plug-in block (311). In the blocking state, the plug-in inclined surfaces (3111) of the two plug-in blocks (311) are abutted against each other up and down, and the plug-in block (311) located at the bottom is in contact with the cover plate (2).

5. The open hole door blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection assembly (3) further comprises a fastener (32), and in the blocking state, the fastener (32) passes through the cover plate (2) and is fastened to the mounting seat (1).

6. The open hole door blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The open hole door blocking device also includes a rotating shaft (13), a first connecting ear plate (12) is provided on the mounting seat (1), and a second connecting ear plate (22) is provided on the cover plate (2), and the first connecting ear plate (12) and the second connecting ear plate (22) are rotatably connected via the rotating shaft (13).

7. The open hole door blocking device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The cover plate (2) is provided with a pressure relief member (51) for releasing the pressure in the open hole (100) in the blocking state.

8. The open hole door blocking device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The open hole door blocking device further comprises a sealing member arranged on the cover plate (2); in the blocking state, the cover plate (2) is sealedly connected to the mounting seat (1) via the sealing member.

9. A bright hole receiving method, characterized in that: The open hole door blocking device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used to block the door of the open hole (100) during the receiving process of the open hole (100), and the open hole receiving method comprises the following steps: S1, rotating the cover plate (2) so that the cover plate (2) switches to the construction state, and pouring concrete in the open hole (100); S2. After the concrete reaches the designed strength, the cover plate (2) is rotated to switch the cover plate (2) from the construction state to the blocking state, and the cover plate (2) is pressed against the mounting seat (1) by using the connecting assembly (3); S3, receiving the shield machine in the open tunnel (100); S4, after the shield machine is received, the connection assembly (3) is separated from the cover plate (2), and the cover plate (2) is switched to the construction state to open the opening (11) of the mounting seat (1); S5. The concrete poured in step S1 is chiseled out through the opening (11). If a sudden dangerous situation of water or sand gushing out occurs in the open hole (100) during the chiseling process, the cover plate (2) is switched to the blocking state.

10. The method for receiving bright holes according to claim 9, characterized in that: The open hole (100) is provided with a freezing pipe system (6) for freezing the moisture in the soil layer of the open hole (100), the freezing pipe system (6) comprising a freezing pipe (61), a connecting pipe (62), a connecting piece (63) and a valve (64), the freezing pipe (61) being passed through the top surface of the open hole (100), the connecting pipe (62) being provided in the open hole (100) and being detachably connected to the freezing pipe (61) via the connecting piece (63), and the valve (64) being provided on the connecting pipe (62) and being used for cutting off or connecting the connecting pipe (62); After step S4 and before step S5, the following steps are also included: The valve (64) is opened, and refrigerant is injected into the freezing pipe (61). The refrigerant enters the connecting pipe (62) through the freezing pipe (61) to freeze the soil at the receiving end of the shield.

Images