Damping-adjustable shock absorber

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of shock absorbers, and particularly relates to a shock absorber with adjustable damping, a hydraulic damping adjusting device and an air pressure damping adjusting device are arranged on a shock absorber main body, the hydraulic damping adjusting device comprises a hydraulic adjusting end cover, and an adjusting cavity communicated with liquid of a hydraulic driving assembly is arranged on the hydraulic adjusting end cover. The adjusting cavity is in transmission connection with the throttling rod through a hydraulic push rod; the air pressure damping adjusting device comprises an air pressure piston in plunger fit in the damping adjusting cylinder, an air pressure cavity is formed between the air pressure piston and the damping piston, and the corresponding end of the damping adjusting cylinder is connected with an air pressure driving assembly. According to the hydraulic damping adjusting device, the throttling rod is driven to axially move in a hydraulic mode so as to adjust the flow area of the throttling channel, the problem that damping oil leaks in the prior art is effectively solved, and according to the air pressure damping adjusting device, the air pressure compression amount of the air pressure cavity is directly changed through axial movement of the air pressure piston; and the air pressure cavity does not need to be inflated and deflated.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shock absorbers, and in particular relates to a shock absorber with adjustable damping. Background technology:

[0002] As a motor vehicle accessory, the shock absorber effectively absorbs the vibration energy generated by the motor vehicle by means of the up and down movement of the piston rod, the compression and rebound of the spring, and the damping flow of the hydraulic oil. As a double-chamber shock absorber with a better shock absorption effect, it generally includes a sleeve assembly, a double-seat regulating valve and a damping gas tank. The sleeve assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder filled with damping oil, a piston rod and a spring assembly. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the double-seat regulating valve and the hydraulic chamber of the gas tank through a flow channel. The air pressure chamber of the gas tank is filled with inert gas. The air pressure chamber and the hydraulic chamber are pressure-balanced to achieve the purpose of absorbing vibration.

[0003] At present, in order to adjust the damping effect of the shock absorber, the following two methods are mostly used:

[0004] 1. Changing the flow damping force of the hydraulic oil; Reference may be made to the damping adjustable shock absorber disclosed in the existing Chinese invention patent (authorization announcement number CN109764077B), which includes a barrel, a sealed oil chamber is formed inside the barrel, a sealing seat is arranged in the oil chamber and is in close contact with the barrel to divide the oil chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber; a connecting rod assembly is closely penetrated in the sealing seat, the connecting rod assembly includes a throttling sleeve and a throttling member, the connecting rod assembly is also provided with a liquid channel, the throttling sleeve is formed with a throttling channel, a throttling hole is provided on the connecting rod assembly, and the throttling hole is located in the second chamber, the first chamber and the second chamber are connected through the throttling channel, the liquid channel and the throttling hole, a throttling head is arranged at one end of the throttling member close to the throttling sleeve, the throttling head is in a shape that gradually shrinks toward the throttling sleeve, the throttling member is arranged to move relative to the throttling sleeve, and the throttling head can extend into the throttling channel to close the throttling channel. In addition, the connecting rod assembly also includes an adjusting rod and a return spring, the adjusting rod is slidably arranged in the piston rod, the return spring is sleeved on the throttling piece and is located between the throttling sleeve and the adjusting rod; the tail end of the adjusting rod is a first inclined surface structure, and the connecting rod assembly also includes an adjusting assembly, the adjusting assembly includes an adjusting seat and an adjusting knob, the adjusting knob is sleeved on the adjusting seat, the adjusting seat is threadedly matched with the adjusting knob, the adjusting knob is connected to an adjusting block, the bottom end of the adjusting block is a second inclined surface structure, and the first inclined surface structure is slidably matched with the second inclined surface structure.

[0005] However, the oil in the cylinder of this structure will flow toward the adjusting seat along the fitting clearance between the piston rod, the throttling piece and the adjusting rod. Even if a sealing ring is set at the tail of the adjusting rod to prevent the oil from continuing to leak out, after several actual shock absorption and damping adjustments, the axial movement of the adjusting rod will inevitably reduce the sealing performance of the sealing ring there, and eventually the oil will leak out through the adjusting seat at the adjusting knob, thereby seriously affecting the normal shock absorption effect of the shock absorber.

[0006] 2. Changing the air pressure in the damping gas tank; Reference may be made to a shock absorber with manually adjustable damping disclosed in a Chinese utility model patent (authorization announcement number CN208703005U), which includes a base, a hydraulic cylinder on the base, an inner cylinder coaxially arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, a through hole arranged in the inner cylinder, an upper sealing cover arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, an outer cylinder sleeved on the hydraulic cylinder, a lower sealing cover arranged in the outer cylinder, a piston rod arranged in the inner cylinder, a piston arranged in the other end of the piston rod in the inner cylinder, a spring arranged between the upper sealing cover and the lower sealing cover on the piston rod, an airbag device arranged on the base, the airbag device is respectively connected to the inner cylinder and the cavity, and is provided with a first flow channel and a second flow channel, and the first flow channel and the second flow channel are respectively provided with a first adjusting device and a second adjusting device for adjusting the liquid flow cross section thereof. The airbag device comprises an airbag tube with openings at both ends, one end of the airbag tube is arranged on the airbag mounting groove, the other end of the airbag tube is provided with an airbag sealing cover, the middle part of the sealing cover is provided with a through hole, the through hole is provided with a plug, an airbag piston is provided in the airbag tube, the airbag tube is divided into an air chamber and an oil chamber by the airbag piston, and the oil chamber is connected to the airbag mounting groove.

[0007] However, in the above structure, in order to adjust the air pressure in the air cavity, it is necessary to disassemble the plug at the sealing cover and use an external air source to inflate or deflate the air cavity, and a single inflation and deflation adjustment operation is relatively troublesome; what's more, a shock absorption effect test is required after each inflation and deflation. If the shock absorption effect of the shock absorber cannot meet the expectations, it is necessary to repeat the inflation or deflation operation of the air cavity. It can be seen that the entire operation of regulating the air pressure in the air cavity in the existing structure is very cumbersome, complicated and time-consuming, and the efficiency is extremely low. Summary of the invention:

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shock absorber with adjustable damping, which is equipped with one or both of a hydraulic damping adjusting device and a pneumatic damping adjusting device. The hydraulic damping adjusting device uses a hydraulic method to drive the throttle rod to move axially to adjust the flow area of ​​the throttling channel, effectively solving the problem of damping oil leakage in the prior art. The pneumatic damping adjusting device directly changes the air pressure compression of the pneumatic chamber by the axial movement of the pneumatic piston, and there is no need to fill or discharge the pneumatic chamber. The operation is simple, quick and efficient.

[0009] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0010] A damping adjustable shock absorber, the shock absorber body has a regulating valve body, and a sleeve assembly and a damping airbag assembly arranged on the regulating valve body, the damping airbag assembly has a damping adjusting cylinder, and a damping piston with a plunger in the damping adjusting cylinder, the damping piston divides the inner cavity of the damping adjusting cylinder into an air pressure cavity and an oil pressure cavity, the damping flow channel in the sleeve assembly is connected with the oil pressure cavity through the regulating valve body, the lower end of the piston rod slides in the hydraulic cylinder of the sleeve assembly and is sleeved with a piston valve body, the piston valve body divides the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder into an upper oil cavity and a lower oil cavity from top to bottom, the piston rod has a throttling channel connecting the upper oil cavity and the lower oil cavity, a throttling rod is axially slidable at the center hole of the piston rod, a preload spring is arranged between the throttling rod and the throttling channel, the shock absorber body has a hydraulic damping adjusting device and a pneumatic damping adjusting device,

[0011] The hydraulic damping adjustment device includes a hydraulic adjustment end cover arranged at the upper end of the piston rod, and an adjustment chamber for communicating with the liquid of the hydraulic drive assembly is arranged on the hydraulic adjustment end cover. The adjustment chamber is connected to the upper end of the throttle rod through a plunger and a hydraulic push rod on the hydraulic adjustment end cover. The hydraulic pressure of the adjustment chamber is controlled by the hydraulic drive assembly to drive the throttle rod to move axially.

[0012] The pneumatic damping adjustment device includes a pneumatic piston with a plunger fitted in a damping adjustment cylinder, and a pneumatic cavity is formed between the pneumatic piston and the damping piston. A pneumatic driving component is connected to the corresponding end of the damping adjustment cylinder, and the pneumatic driving component drives the pneumatic piston to move axially to adjust the air pressure compression in the pneumatic cavity.

[0013] In the above-mentioned damping adjustable shock absorber, the sleeve assembly includes an outer cylinder with a lower port sleeved on the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic adjustment end cover is fixed at the upper port of the outer cylinder, the lower end of the hydraulic adjustment end cover is provided with a lower assembly hole for fixing the upper end of the piston rod, and the upper end is provided with an upper assembly hole connected to the lower assembly hole. The upper assembly hole is in liquid communication with the hydraulic drive assembly through an oil circuit joint and a pipeline, and the hydraulic drive assembly is connected to the side wall of the outer cylinder through a fixing frame.

[0014] In the above-mentioned damping adjustable shock absorber, the upper assembly hole and the lower assembly hole are both arranged on the same axis as the piston rod, and the hydraulic push rod includes a lower push rod with a plunger fitted on the lower assembly hole, and an upper push rod with a plunger fitted on the upper assembly hole or the inner hole of the oil circuit joint, the lower end of the upper push rod extends into the lower assembly hole and abuts against the upper end of the lower push rod, and the lower end of the lower push rod abuts against the upper end of the throttle rod.

[0015] In the above-mentioned damping adjustable shock absorber, the hydraulic drive assembly includes an adjusting oil cylinder, the plunger in the adjusting oil cylinder is matched with a hydraulic piston, the driving end of the hydraulic piston is matched with the adjusting oil cylinder thread and is mounted with a hydraulic adjusting screw cap, the hydraulic end of the hydraulic piston and the adjusting oil cylinder form a hydraulic cavity, and the hydraulic cavity is connected to the adjusting cavity through a pipeline.

[0016] In the above-mentioned damping adjustable shock absorber, an oil supply hole is opened on the adjusting oil cylinder located in the hydraulic chamber, a sealing plug capable of sealing the oil supply hole is arranged in the oil supply hole, and the outer port of the oil supply hole is connected with a sealing screw through a thread.

[0017] In the above-mentioned damping adjustable shock absorber, the pneumatic drive assembly includes an pneumatic pressure regulating end cover mounted on the corresponding port of the damping adjusting cylinder, the pneumatic pressure regulating end cover is movably connected with an adjusting main shaft body along its axis, the inner end of the adjusting main shaft body rests on the corresponding end face of the pneumatic piston, and the outer end is connected to the power source transmission.

[0018] In the above-mentioned damping adjustable shock absorber, the adjusting main shaft body includes an adjusting shaft rotatably engaged with the air pressure adjusting end cover, the outer end of the adjusting shaft is fitted with an air pressure adjusting screw cap, the inner end of the adjusting shaft and the outer end of the adjusting push rod rotate synchronously in the circumferential direction and slide relatively in the axial direction, the adjusting push rod is threadedly engaged with the air pressure adjusting end cover, the inner end of the adjusting push rod rests on the corresponding end face of the air pressure piston, and the rotation of the adjusting shaft drives the adjusting push rod to rotate and move axially.

[0019] In the above-mentioned damping adjustable shock absorber, the outer end of the adjusting push rod is provided with a straight-line linkage groove, and the inner end of the adjusting shaft is a straight-line structure that can be axially inserted into the straight-line linkage groove.

[0020] In the above-mentioned damping adjustable shock absorber, an air supply hole connected to the air pressure chamber is opened on the axis of the air pressure piston, and a one-way valve block is arranged at the inner port of the air supply hole. The one-way valve block can seal the air supply hole under the action of the air pressure in the air pressure chamber. The outer port of the air supply hole is connected with a sealing screw through a thread, and an air supply sealing ring is arranged between the sealing screw and the air supply hole.

[0021] In the above-mentioned damping adjustable shock absorber, the sleeve assembly has a hydraulic cylinder fixed on the regulating valve body, an inner cylinder sleeved on the outside of the hydraulic cylinder, an outer cylinder slidably sleeved on the inner cylinder, an upper damping spring is arranged between the outer cylinder and the hydraulic cylinder or the inner cylinder, and a lower damping spring is arranged between the lower end of the piston rod and the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder. There are two damping flow channels, and the first damping flow channel is surrounded by the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and the regulating valve body, and the second damping flow channel is surrounded by the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder. A matching channel connecting the first damping flow channel and the second damping flow channel is formed between the piston rod and the hydraulic cylinder, and a one-way valve sheet sleeved on the piston rod is arranged in the matching channel. The regulating valve body has two regulating valve assemblies that respectively connect the first damping flow channel with the oil pressure chamber, and connect the second damping flow channel with the oil pressure chamber.

[0022] The outstanding advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0023] The present invention is equipped with a hydraulic damping adjustment device and a pneumatic damping adjustment device. The hydraulic damping adjustment device uses a hydraulic method to drive the throttle rod to move axially to adjust the flow area of ​​the throttling channel, which effectively solves the problem of damping oil leakage in the prior art. The pneumatic damping adjustment device directly changes the air pressure compression of the pneumatic chamber by the axial movement of the pneumatic piston. There is no need to fill or discharge the pneumatic chamber, and the operation is simple, quick and efficient. Description of the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 is an overall stereogram of the shock absorber of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is an overall cross-sectional view of the shock absorber of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is an exploded view of the hydraulic drive assembly of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the gas pressure damping adjustment device of the present invention assembled on the shock absorber;

[0028] Figure 5 It is an exploded view of the gas pressure damping regulating device of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. regulating valve body; 2. damping regulating cylinder; 3. damping piston; 4. air pressure chamber; 5. oil pressure chamber; 6. piston rod; 7. hydraulic cylinder; 8. piston valve body; 9. upper oil chamber; 10. lower oil chamber; 11. throttling channel; 12. throttling rod; 13. preload spring; 14. hydraulic regulating end cover; 15. regulating chamber; 16. hydraulic push rod; 17. air pressure piston; 18. outer cylinder; 19. oil circuit joint; 20. fixing frame; 21. lower push rod; 22. upper push rod; 23. regulating oil cylinder; 24. hydraulic piston; 25. hydraulic regulating screw cap; 26. hydraulic chamber; 27. fastening screw 1; 28. positioning steel ball 1; 29. ​​compression spring 1; 30. Positioning groove one; 31. Oil supply hole; 32. Sealing plug; 33. Sealing screw; 34. Throttle sleeve; 35. Air pressure regulating end cover; 36. Adjusting main shaft; 37. Adjusting shaft; 38. Air pressure regulating screw cap; 39. Adjusting push rod; 40. Fastening screw two; 41. Positioning steel ball two; 42. Compression spring two; 43. Positioning groove two; 44. Slotted linkage groove; 45. Assembly sealing ring; 46. Air supply hole; 47. One-way valve block; 48. Sealing screw; 49. Air supply sealing ring; 50. Limiting spring; 51. Inner cylinder; 52. Upper damping spring; 53. Lower damping spring; 54. One-way valve plate; 55. Adjusting valve assembly. Specific implementation method:

[0030] The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments. Figure 1 —5:

[0031] A damping adjustable shock absorber, the shock absorber body has a regulating valve body 1, and a sleeve assembly and a damping airbag assembly arranged on the regulating valve body 1, the damping airbag assembly has a damping regulating cylinder 2, and a damping piston 3 with a plunger in the damping regulating cylinder 2, the damping piston 3 divides the inner cavity of the damping regulating cylinder 2 into an air pressure chamber 4 and an oil pressure chamber 5, the damping flow channel in the sleeve assembly is connected with the oil pressure chamber 5 through the regulating valve body 1, the lower end of the piston rod 6 slides in the hydraulic cylinder 7 of the sleeve assembly and is covered with a piston valve body 8, the piston valve body 8 divides the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 7 into an upper oil chamber 9 and a lower oil chamber 9. The piston rod 6 has a throttling passage 11 connecting the upper oil chamber 9 and the lower oil chamber 10, and a throttling rod 12 is axially slidable at the center hole of the piston rod 6, and a preload spring 13 is provided between the throttling rod 12 and the throttling passage 11, wherein the piston valve body 8 is an existing structure, which has two one-way channels in opposite directions, and a valve sheet covering and fitting at the corresponding ports of the one-way channels. When the piston rod 6 drives the piston valve body 8 to move axially along the hydraulic cylinder 7, a small part of the damping oil in the upper oil chamber 9 or the lower oil chamber 10 can push the valve sheet open through the corresponding one-way channel and enter the lower oil chamber 10 or the upper oil chamber 9.

[0032] The shock absorber body is provided with a hydraulic damping adjustment device and a gas pressure damping adjustment device.

[0033] The hydraulic damping adjustment device includes a hydraulic adjustment end cover 14 arranged at the upper end of the piston rod 6, and an adjustment chamber 15 for communicating with the liquid of the hydraulic drive assembly is arranged on the hydraulic adjustment end cover 14. The adjustment chamber 15 is connected to the upper end of the throttle rod 12 through a plunger and a hydraulic push rod 16 on the hydraulic adjustment end cover 14. The hydraulic pressure of the adjustment chamber 15 is controlled by the hydraulic drive assembly to drive the throttle rod 12 to move axially. The elastic force of the preload spring 13 and the hydraulic force in the adjustment chamber 15 enable the throttle rod 12 to move axially stably on the piston rod 6. The plunger of the hydraulic push rod 16 not only plays a role in hydraulically pushing the throttle rod 12 to move axially, but also effectively blocks the damping oil in the hydraulic cylinder 7, and has good sealing performance.

[0034] The pneumatic damping adjustment device includes a pneumatic piston 17 with a plunger fitted in the damping adjustment cylinder 2, and the pneumatic chamber 4 is formed between the pneumatic piston 17 and the damping piston 3. A pneumatic driving component is connected to the corresponding end of the damping adjustment cylinder 2, and the pneumatic driving component drives the pneumatic piston 17 to move axially to adjust the air pressure compression in the pneumatic chamber 4.

[0035] The overall design structure of the present invention is ingenious, the adjustment is stable and reliable, and it can be equipped with a hydraulic damping adjustment device and a pneumatic damping adjustment device. The hydraulic damping adjustment device uses a hydraulic method to drive the throttle rod 12 to move axially to adjust the flow area of ​​the throttling channel 11, thereby realizing the damping force adjustment of the damping oil flow. It not only avoids the time-consuming and labor-intensive problems and low adjustment efficiency caused by mechanical transmission coordination adjustment, but also effectively solves the problem of leakage of damping oil in the prior art.

[0036] The pneumatic damping adjustment device drives the pneumatic piston 17 to move axially relative to the damping piston 3 with the help of the pneumatic driving assembly, so as to directly change the air pressure compression of the pneumatic chamber 4, thereby effectively adjusting the damping and shock absorption effect of the shock absorber. Compared with the prior art, there is no need to inflate or deflate the pneumatic chamber 4, and the operation is simple, quick and efficient.

[0037] The shock absorber is a double-chamber shock absorber, that is, the sleeve assembly includes an outer cylinder 18 with a lower port sleeved on the hydraulic cylinder 7, and correspondingly, the specific matching structure of the hydraulic adjustment end cover 14 and the hydraulic drive assembly on the sleeve assembly is as follows: the hydraulic adjustment end cover 14 is fixed at the upper port of the outer cylinder 18, the lower end of the hydraulic adjustment end cover 14 is provided with a lower assembly hole for fixing the upper end of the piston rod 6, and the upper end is provided with an upper assembly hole connected to the lower assembly hole, the upper assembly hole is in fluid communication with the hydraulic drive assembly through the oil circuit joint 19 and the pipeline, and the hydraulic drive assembly is connected to the side wall of the outer cylinder 18 through the fixing frame 20. Of course, the fixing method of the hydraulic drive assembly can also be to fix it directly on the hydraulic adjustment end cover 14.

[0038] Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, the upper assembly hole and the lower assembly hole are both arranged on the same axis as the piston rod 6, and in order to ensure the sealing of the damping oil in the shock absorber, the present embodiment splits the hydraulic push rod 16 into two separate structures and the push rod structures with plungers at different positions, that is, the hydraulic push rod 16 includes a lower push rod 21 with a plunger fitted on the lower assembly hole, and an upper push rod 22 with a plunger fitted on the upper assembly hole or the inner hole of the oil circuit joint 19, the lower end of the upper push rod 22 extends into the lower assembly hole and abuts against the upper end of the lower push rod 21, and the lower end of the lower push rod 21 abuts against the upper end of the throttle rod 12. In this way, even if the plunger sealing of the lower push rod 21 fails, it can still ensure that the damping oil does not leak, and the adjustment chamber 15 can still stably and reliably push the upper push rod 22, the lower push rod 21 and the throttle rod 12 to move axially through the hydraulic pressure.

[0039] Furthermore, the hydraulic drive assembly can be directly a hydraulic power device such as a power cylinder, and in this embodiment, in order to effectively control costs, the hydraulic drive assembly includes an adjusting oil cylinder 23, the plunger in the adjusting oil cylinder 23 is matched with a hydraulic piston 24, the driving end of the hydraulic piston 24 is threadedly matched with the adjusting oil cylinder 23 and is covered with a hydraulic adjustment screw cap 25, the hydraulic end of the hydraulic piston 24 and the adjusting oil cylinder 23 form a hydraulic chamber 26, and the hydraulic chamber 26 is connected to the adjusting chamber 15 through a pipeline. That is, the hydraulic piston 24 is driven to move axially in the adjusting oil cylinder 23 by manually screwing the hydraulic adjustment screw cap 25. In contrast, the method of driving the plunger movement of the hydraulic piston 24 can also be achieved by using a common electric control telescopic power source.

[0040] Furthermore, the fixed matching structure between the hydraulic regulating screw cap 25 and the hydraulic piston 24 is as follows: the tail end of the fastening screw 27 passes through the hydraulic regulating screw cap 25 and is screwed onto the driving end of the hydraulic piston 24 .

[0041] In order to facilitate the rotation adjustment operation of the operator, the driving end of the hydraulic piston 24 is rotated and axially slidably matched on the adjustment oil cylinder 23 through the shaft sleeve. A radial through hole 1 is opened on the diameter of the driving end of the hydraulic piston 24. Positioning steel balls 28 are placed at both ends of the radial through hole 1. A compression spring 29 is arranged in the radial through hole 1, and the two ends are respectively against the corresponding positioning steel balls 28. The inner wall surface of the adjustment oil cylinder 23 is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction with a plurality of positioning grooves 30 for the positioning steel balls 28 to partially enter. The design and matching structure of the positioning grooves 30 and the positioning steel balls 28 enables the hydraulic piston 24 to form multiple adjustment gears during the rotation process, that is, during the rotation process of the hydraulic piston 24, the positioning steel balls 28 can separate from the previous positioning groove 30 and enter the next positioning groove 30, and at the same time, the force is fed back to the operator to prompt the operator that the next adjustment gear has been entered.

[0042] Furthermore, in order to replenish oil to the hydraulic chamber 26 and the adjusting chamber 15, an oil replenishing hole 31 is opened on the adjusting oil cylinder 23 located in the hydraulic chamber 26, and a sealing plug 32 capable of sealing the oil replenishing hole 31 is arranged in the oil replenishing hole 31, and the outer port of the oil replenishing hole 31 is connected with a sealing screw 33 through a thread.

[0043] Furthermore, the specific structure of the lower end of the piston rod 6 in the hydraulic cylinder 7 is as follows: a throttling sleeve 34 is sleeved on the lower end of the piston rod 6 , and the piston valve body 8 and the throttling channel 11 are both arranged on the throttling sleeve 34 .

[0044] At the same time, the pneumatic drive component can directly drive the axial movement of the pneumatic piston 17 by increasing the hydraulic pressure or air pressure from the outside. In the present embodiment, the pneumatic drive component is mechanically driven: the pneumatic drive component includes a pneumatic pressure regulating end cover 35 mounted on the corresponding port of the damping regulating cylinder 2, and the pneumatic pressure regulating end cover 35 is movably connected with an adjusting spindle body 36 along its axis, and the inner end of the adjusting spindle body 36 is against the corresponding end face of the pneumatic piston 17, and the outer end is connected to the power source transmission.

[0045] Furthermore, the adjusting spindle body 36 can be an integrated structure, and can drive the axial movement of the gas pressure piston 17 in an axial movement manner. In this embodiment, the adjusting spindle body 36 includes an adjusting shaft 37 that is rotatably engaged with the gas pressure regulating end cover 35, and the power source is a relatively direct manual drive, that is, the outer end of the adjusting shaft 37 is provided with a gas pressure regulating screw cap 38, the inner end of the adjusting shaft 37 and the outer end of the adjusting push rod 39 are synchronously rotated in the circumferential direction and relatively slidably engaged in the axial direction, the adjusting push rod 39 is threadedly engaged with the gas pressure regulating end cover 35, and the inner end of the adjusting push rod 39 is against the corresponding end face of the gas pressure piston 17, that is, the adjusting shaft 37 is rotated to drive the adjusting push rod 39 to rotate and move axially. Of course, the power source can also be directly driven by a servo motor for electronic control, and in order to reasonably control the cost, and based on the low frequency of changes in the damping and shock absorbing effect of the shock absorber in actual applications, this embodiment adopts the method of manually screwing the gas pressure regulating screw cap 38. In addition, the fixed matching structure between the air pressure regulating screw cap 38 and the regulating rotating shaft 37 is as follows: the tail end of the second fastening screw 40 passes through the air pressure regulating screw cap 38 and is screwed onto the outer end of the regulating rotating shaft 37 .

[0046] In order to facilitate the rotation and adjustment operation of the operator, the adjustment shaft 37 is rotatably matched with the central through hole of the air pressure regulating end cover 35 through a sleeve or a bearing, and a radial through hole 2 is opened on the diameter of the adjustment shaft 37. Positioning steel balls 2 41 are placed at both ends of the radial through hole 2. A compression spring 2 42 is arranged in the radial through hole 2, and the two ends are respectively against the corresponding positioning steel balls 2 41. The central through hole side wall of the air pressure regulating end cover 35 is evenly distributed with even numbers of positioning grooves 2 43 for the positioning steel balls 2 41 to partially enter. The design and matching structure of the positioning grooves 2 43 and the positioning steel balls 2 41 enables the adjustment shaft 37 to form multiple adjustment gears during the rotation process, that is, during the rotation process of the adjustment shaft 37, the positioning steel balls 2 41 can separate from the previous positioning grooves 2 43 and enter the next positioning grooves 2 43, and at the same time, the force is fed back to the operator to prompt the operator that the next adjustment gear has been entered.

[0047] Furthermore, in order to enable the adjustment push rod 39 to rotate synchronously with the adjustment shaft 37 and move axially relative to each other, the outer end of the adjustment push rod 39 is provided with a straight-line linkage groove 44, and the inner end of the adjustment shaft 37 is a straight-line structure that can be axially inserted into the straight-line linkage groove 44.

[0048] At the same time, in order to prevent external gas and liquid from entering the damping adjustment cylinder 2 and affecting the normal damping and shock absorption of the damping adjustment cylinder 2, the air pressure adjustment end cover 35 is threadedly connected to the corresponding port of the damping adjustment cylinder 2, and an assembly sealing ring 45 is arranged between the air pressure adjustment end cover 35 and the damping adjustment cylinder 2.

[0049] In order to replenish the inert gas in the air pressure chamber 4, a gas replenishment hole 46 communicating with the air pressure chamber 4 is provided on the axis of the air pressure piston 17, and a one-way valve block 47 is provided at the inner end of the gas replenishment hole 46. The one-way valve block 47 can block the gas replenishment hole 46 under the action of the air pressure in the air pressure chamber 4. Correspondingly, during the gas replenishment operation, the high-pressure gas of the external gas source can push the one-way valve block 47 to conduct the gas replenishment hole 46. The outer end of the gas replenishment hole 46 is connected to a sealing screw 48 through a thread, and a gas replenishment sealing ring 49 is provided between the sealing screw 48 and the gas replenishment hole 46. In addition, in this embodiment, in order to prevent the adjustment push rod 39 from causing wear to the air pressure piston 17, the inner end of the adjustment push rod 39 is axially against the top surface of the nut of the sealing screw 48.

[0050] Furthermore, a limit ring groove is provided on the inner wall of the damping adjustment cylinder 2 located outside the pneumatic piston 17 , and a limit clamping spring 50 for axially limiting the pneumatic piston 17 is sleeved on the limit ring groove.

[0051] In addition, since the shock absorber in this scheme is a double-chamber shock absorber, its specific structure is as follows: the sleeve assembly has a hydraulic cylinder 7 fixed on the regulating valve body 1, an inner cylinder 51 sleeved on the outside of the hydraulic cylinder 7, an outer cylinder 18 is slidably sleeved on the inner cylinder 51, an upper damping spring 52 is arranged between the outer cylinder 18 and the hydraulic cylinder 7 or the inner cylinder 51, and a lower damping spring 53 is arranged between the lower end of the piston rod 6 and the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 7. There are two damping flow channels, and the first damping flow channel is surrounded by the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 7 and the regulating valve body 1, and the second damping flow channel is surrounded by the inner cylinder 51 and the outer cylinder 18 and the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder 7. A matching channel connecting the first damping flow channel and the second damping flow channel is formed between the piston rod 6 and the hydraulic cylinder 7, and a one-way valve plate 54 sleeved on the piston rod 6 is provided in the matching channel. The one-way valve plate 54 can be pushed open when the hydraulic pressure of the second damping flow channel increases, thereby realizing the conduction of the matching channel. The regulating valve body 1 has two regulating valve components 55 which are connected to the first damping flow passage and the oil pressure chamber 5 , and the second damping flow passage and the oil pressure chamber 5 , respectively.

[0052] The above embodiment is only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the shape, structure, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A damping adjustable shock absorber, the shock absorber body comprising a regulating valve body (1), a sleeve assembly and a damping airbag assembly arranged on the regulating valve body (1), the damping airbag assembly comprising a damping adjusting cylinder (2), and a damping piston (3) with a plunger in the damping adjusting cylinder (2), the damping piston (3) dividing the inner cavity of the damping adjusting cylinder (2) into an air pressure cavity (4) and an oil pressure cavity (5), the damping flow channel in the sleeve assembly being connected to the oil pressure cavity (5) through the regulating valve body (1), and the damping airbag assembly comprising a damping adjusting cylinder (2) and a damping piston (3) with a plunger in the damping adjusting cylinder (2), the damping piston (3) dividing the inner cavity of the damping adjusting cylinder (2) into an air pressure cavity (4) and an oil pressure cavity (5), the damping flow channel in the sleeve assembly being connected to the oil pressure cavity (5) through the regulating valve body (1), The lower end of the plug rod (6) slides in the hydraulic cylinder (7) of the sleeve assembly and is fitted with a piston valve body (8). The piston valve body (8) divides the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder (7) into an upper oil chamber (9) and a lower oil chamber (10) in the upper and lower directions. The piston rod (6) has a throttling passage (11) connecting the upper oil chamber (9) and the lower oil chamber (10). A throttling rod (12) is axially slidable at the center hole of the piston rod (6). A preload spring (13) is provided between the throttling rod (12) and the throttling passage (11). The invention is characterized in that: The shock absorber body is provided with a hydraulic damping adjustment device and a gas pressure damping adjustment device. The hydraulic damping adjustment device comprises a hydraulic adjustment end cover (14) arranged at the upper end of a piston rod (6); the hydraulic adjustment end cover (14) is provided with an adjustment chamber (15) for communicating with the liquid of a hydraulic drive component; the adjustment chamber (15) is transmission-connected with the upper end of a throttle rod (12) through a plunger and a hydraulic push rod (16) on the hydraulic adjustment end cover (14); the hydraulic pressure of the adjustment chamber (15) is controlled by the hydraulic drive component to drive the throttle rod (12) to move axially; The pneumatic damping adjustment device comprises a pneumatic piston (17) which is engaged with a plunger in a damping adjustment cylinder (2); a pneumatic chamber (4) is formed between the pneumatic piston (17) and the damping piston (3); a pneumatic drive assembly is connected to the corresponding end of the damping adjustment cylinder (2); the pneumatic piston (17) is driven by the pneumatic drive assembly to move axially to adjust the air pressure compression in the pneumatic chamber (4).

2. A shock absorber with adjustable damping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve assembly comprises an outer cylinder (18) with a lower end portion sleeved on the hydraulic cylinder (7); the hydraulic adjustment end cover (14) is fixed at the upper end portion of the outer cylinder (18); a lower assembly hole for fixing the upper end of the piston rod (6) is provided at the lower end of the hydraulic adjustment end cover (14); an upper assembly hole communicating with the lower assembly hole is provided at the upper end; the upper assembly hole is in fluid communication with the hydraulic drive assembly through an oil circuit joint (19) and a pipeline; and the hydraulic drive assembly is connected to the side wall of the outer cylinder (18) through a fixing frame (20).

3. The damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper assembly hole and the lower assembly hole are both arranged on the same axis as the piston rod (6). The hydraulic push rod (16) includes a lower push rod (21) whose plunger is fitted on the lower assembly hole, and an upper push rod (22) whose plunger is fitted on the upper assembly hole or the inner hole of the oil circuit joint (19). The lower end of the upper push rod (22) extends into the lower assembly hole and abuts against the upper end of the lower push rod (21), and the lower end of the lower push rod (21) abuts against the upper end of the throttle rod (12).

4. The shock absorber with adjustable damping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic drive assembly comprises an adjusting oil cylinder (23), a plunger in the adjusting oil cylinder (23) is matched with a hydraulic piston (24), a driving end of the hydraulic piston (24) is threadedly matched with the adjusting oil cylinder (23) and is sleeved with a hydraulic adjusting screw cap (25), a hydraulic end of the hydraulic piston (24) and the adjusting oil cylinder (23) form a hydraulic cavity (26), and the hydraulic cavity (26) is connected with the adjusting cavity (15) through a pipeline.

5. The shock absorber with adjustable damping according to claim 4, characterized in that: An oil replenishing through hole (31) is provided on the regulating oil cylinder (23) located in the hydraulic chamber (26), a sealing plug (32) capable of sealing the oil replenishing through hole (31) is provided in the oil replenishing through hole (31), and a sealing screw (33) is connected to the outer port of the oil replenishing through hole (31) through a thread.

6. The shock absorber with adjustable damping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic drive assembly comprises a pneumatic pressure regulating end cover (35) which is sleeved on the corresponding port of the damping regulating cylinder (2); the pneumatic pressure regulating end cover (35) is movably connected to an regulating main shaft body (36) along its axis; the inner end of the regulating main shaft body (36) abuts against the corresponding end surface of the pneumatic piston (17) and the outer end is transmission-connected to a power source.

7. The damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 6, characterized in that: The regulating main shaft body (36) includes an regulating shaft (37) rotatably engaged with the air pressure regulating end cover (35); the outer end of the regulating shaft (37) is sleeved with an air pressure regulating screw cap (38); the inner end of the regulating shaft (37) and the outer end of the regulating push rod (39) rotate synchronously in the circumferential direction and slide relative to each other in the axial direction; the regulating push rod (39) is threadedly engaged with the air pressure regulating end cover (35); the inner end of the regulating push rod (39) abuts against the corresponding end face of the air pressure piston (17); the regulating shaft (37) rotates to drive the regulating push rod (39) to rotate and move axially.

8. The shock absorber with adjustable damping according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer end of the adjusting push rod (39) is provided with a straight-line linkage groove (44), and the inner end of the adjusting rotating shaft (37) is a straight-line structure that can be axially inserted into the straight-line linkage groove (44).

9. The shock absorber with adjustable damping according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air-injection hole (46) communicating with the air-pressure chamber (4) is provided on the axis of the air-pressure piston (17); a one-way valve block (47) is provided at the inner end of the air-injection hole (46); the one-way valve block (47) can seal the air-injection hole (46) under the action of the air pressure of the air-pressure chamber (4); a sealing screw (48) is connected to the outer end of the air-injection hole (46) through a thread, and an air-injection sealing ring (49) is provided between the sealing screw (48) and the air-injection hole (46).

10. The shock absorber with adjustable damping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve assembly comprises a hydraulic cylinder (7) fixed on a regulating valve body (1), an inner cylinder (51) sleeved on the outside of the hydraulic cylinder (7), an outer cylinder (18) slidably sleeved on the inner cylinder (51), an upper damping spring (52) is arranged between the outer cylinder (18) and the hydraulic cylinder (7) or the inner cylinder (51), a lower damping spring (53) is arranged between the lower end of the piston rod (6) and the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder (7), two damping flow channels are arranged, and the first damping flow channel is formed by the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder (7) and the regulating valve body ( The first damping flow channel is surrounded by the inner cylinder (51) and the outer cylinder (18) and the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder (7); a matching channel connecting the first damping flow channel and the second damping flow channel is formed between the piston rod (6) and the hydraulic cylinder (7); a one-way valve plate (54) sleeved on the piston rod (6) is provided in the matching channel; the regulating valve body (1) has two regulating valve assemblies (55) respectively connecting the first damping flow channel and the oil pressure chamber (5) and connecting the second damping flow channel and the oil pressure chamber (5).

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