Normally open differential and automobile

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile part structures, in particular to a normally open differential and an automobile. Comprising a differential shell, a planet shaft gear structure, a connecting gear ring, a driving structure and a reset structure, the planet shaft gear structure comprises a planet shaft, a planet gear sleeved on the planet shaft, two half shaft gears arranged on two sides of the planet shaft respectively and in meshing transmission connection with the planet gear, and a combined gear ring sleeved at the end part of the planet shaft; a rack structure is arranged between the connecting gear ring and the combined gear ring, and when the connecting gear ring is tightly attached to the axial end face of the combined gear ring, the connecting gear ring and the combined gear ring are fixedly connected in the rotating direction around the first axial line. The driving structure is connected to one end of the connecting gear ring back to the combining gear ring; the reset structure is used for driving the connecting gear ring to move towards the side away from the combined gear ring so that the connecting gear ring can be disengaged from the combined gear ring. The differential mechanism is simple in structure and convenient to operate and use, machining difficulty and machining cost are reduced, and torque transmission is smoother and more stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automobile component structures, in particular to a normally open differential and an automobile. Background Art

[0002] The car differential is a mechanism that enables the left and right (or front and rear) drive wheels to rotate at different speeds. Its function is to make the left and right wheels roll at different speeds when the car is turning or driving on uneven roads, that is, to ensure that the drive wheels on both sides perform pure rolling motion.

[0003] In four-wheel drive, in order to drive the four wheels, all the wheels must be connected. If the four wheels are mechanically connected together, the wheels cannot rotate at the same speed when the car is driving on a curve. In order to make the wheel rotation speed inconsistent when the car is driving on a curve, an intermediate differential is needed to adjust the speed difference between the front and rear wheels.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, a prior art entitled a clutch differential and automobile proposes a differential structure, the differential includes a housing assembly and a differential mechanism assembly, wherein the housing assembly includes a housing assembly and a connecting tooth, the differential mechanism assembly is arranged in the housing assembly, and the differential mechanism assembly includes a planetary gear shaft, a planetary gear, a left half-shaft gear, a right half-shaft gear and a retainer, and the retainer can be combined with and separated from the connecting tooth. When the retainer is separated from the connecting tooth, the clutch differential is in a separated state, the differential mechanism assembly is related to the movement of the wheel half-shaft, and the differential movement of the two half-shafts can be realized, and the left half-shaft gear and the right half-shaft gear respectively move with the connected wheel half-shaft; when the retainer is connected to the connecting tooth, the clutch differential is in a combined state, the differential mechanism assembly moves with the housing assembly, forming an open differential, and the left half-shaft gear and the right half-shaft gear are used to output power to the wheel half-shafts on both sides. The differential is suitable for vehicles with dual power drive on the front and rear axles, especially new energy vehicles driven by dual motors. When dual-axle drive is required, the clutch differential is in a coupled state to ensure that the axle on which it is located can smoothly output power to the wheels. When dual-axle drive is not required, the power system is shut down and the clutch differential is in a disengaged state to prevent the wheels from back-dragging the electric drive assembly motor rotor and gear system, thereby reducing iron loss and energy consumption.

[0005] However, the differential also has some defects. Since the connection method between the connecting teeth and the retaining frame is to set tooth teeth on the radial end face for mutual engagement connection, the connecting teeth are connected to the housing window through the boss, and the torque is transmitted from the housing part to the tooth teeth through the matching structure of the window and the boss. The mutual engagement of the tooth teeth finally realizes the rigid connection between the connecting teeth and the retaining frame to achieve a combined state. Sometimes, the design also needs to design a locking angle on the boss side of the connecting teeth and the side of the housing window to ensure that the tooth teeth will not fall out of each other when transmitting torque, causing unexpected power interruption. However, such a design will result in more machining steps for the differential housing window and longer processing time. In addition, due to the limitation of structural strength, the number of windows should not be designed to be too large, so the torque transmitted between a single boss and the window is relatively large, which puts high requirements on the mechanical properties of the housing material, the thickness of the housing and the design of the window structure, resulting in high manufacturing costs and heavy weight of the housing. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology and to provide a normally open differential and a vehicle.

[0007] The technical solution of the present application is: a normally open differential, comprising:

[0008] A differential housing, the differential housing comprising a main housing and a housing cover connected to a power output device of the vehicle;

[0009] A planetary shaft gear structure, the planetary shaft gear structure comprising a planetary shaft arranged in a main housing and a housing cover, a planetary gear sleeved on the planetary shaft, two half-shaft gears disposed on both sides of the planetary shaft and meshingly connected with the planetary gear, and a combined gear ring sleeved on the end of the planetary shaft; the combined gear ring, the half-shaft gears and the main housing are coaxial and arranged along a first direction; the planetary shaft and the planetary gear are coaxial and arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular;

[0010] A connecting gear ring, which is axially movable and sleeved on the main housing and is fixedly connected to the main housing in the direction of rotation around the first axis; a rack structure is provided between the connecting gear ring and the combined gear ring so that the two are fixedly connected in the direction of rotation around the first axis when the connecting gear ring is tightly fitted to the axial end face of the combined gear ring;

[0011] A driving structure, the driving structure is connected to an end of the connecting gear ring facing away from the combining gear ring and is used to drive the connecting gear ring to move toward one side of the combining gear ring;

[0012] The reset structure is connected to the connecting gear ring and is used to drive the connecting gear ring to move away from the combining gear ring when the driving structure removes the thrust on the connecting gear ring so that the connecting gear ring is separated from the combining gear ring.

[0013] According to a normally open differential provided by the present application, the rack structure includes:

[0014] First end face teeth, the first end face teeth are strip-shaped structures provided on the end face of the connecting toothed ring facing the combining toothed ring and protruding along the first direction toward the combining toothed ring, a plurality of first end face teeth are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the axial end face of the connecting toothed ring, and first end face tooth grooves are formed between adjacent first end face teeth;

[0015] The second end face teeth are strip-shaped structures provided on the end face of the coupling toothed ring facing the connecting toothed ring and protruding along the first direction toward the connecting toothed ring. A plurality of second end face teeth are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the axial end face of the coupling toothed ring, and second end face tooth grooves are formed between adjacent second end face teeth;

[0016] The first end face teeth and the second end face teeth are respectively engaged in the second end face tooth groove and the first end face tooth groove when the connecting tooth ring and the combining tooth ring are tightly combined together in the first direction.

[0017] According to a normally open differential provided by the present application, the first end face teeth and the second end face teeth are strip-shaped structures with a smaller end close to the first axial line and a larger end away from the first axial line.

[0018] According to a normally open differential provided by the present application, the angle between the side surface of the first end face tooth groove along the circumferential direction and the bottom surface along the axial direction is less than 90°; the angle between the side surface of the second end face tooth groove along the circumferential direction and the bottom surface along the axial direction is less than 90°.

[0019] According to a normally open differential provided by the present application, a plurality of flat keys equidistantly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the circumferential outer side of the connecting gear ring; the flat keys are strip structures extending along the first direction, and the flat keys can be axially slidably connected to the axial keyway on the inner side of the main housing.

[0020] According to a normally open differential provided by the present application, a plurality of bosses are provided on the side of the connecting gear ring away from the combining gear ring; the boss is a strip-shaped structure protruding along a first direction away from the side of the combining gear ring, and the plurality of bosses are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and one end of the boss away from the connecting gear ring passes through the main housing and is connected to the driving coupling and reset structure on the outside of the main housing.

[0021] According to a normally open differential provided by the present application, a window for the boss to pass through is provided on the axial end surface of the main housing.

[0022] According to a normally open differential provided by the present application, the reset structure includes a spring seat that is movable in a first direction and is sleeved on the outside of the main housing; the spring seat is connected to the portion of the connecting gear ring that extends outside the main housing, and a spring is provided between the spring seat and the main housing; the spring is arranged coaxially with the main housing.

[0023] According to a normally open differential provided by the present application, the driving structure includes a thrust ring that pushes a spring seat and an induction coil that generates a first-directional electromagnetic thrust when energized to drive the thrust ring to move along one side of a first-directional connected gear ring.

[0024] The present application also provides a car, wherein the car is equipped with any one of the above-mentioned normally open differentials.

[0025] The advantages of the present application are as follows: 1. The differential of the present application has a simple structure and is easy to use. The torque transmission between the connecting gear ring and the main housing is good, and there is no need to open too many window structures on the main housing, which greatly reduces the processing cost and difficulty of the differential. At the same time, the connection and disconnection of the differential are very convenient, and the torque transmission is smoother;

[0026] 2. In the present application, the connection and disconnection of the connecting gear ring and the combined gear ring are achieved through the first end face teeth and the second end face teeth. The first end face teeth and the second end face teeth have simple structures, and the meshing connection and disconnection are very easy. The torque transmission is very efficient, the processing difficulty is extremely low, and the processing cost is even lower.

[0027] 3. The first end face gear and the second end face gear of the present application are both strip-shaped structures with one end larger than the other end, which conforms to the characteristics of the circumferential distribution structure, and can make the first end face gear and the second end face gear more closely connected and fit each other when meshing, so that the torque transmission is more stable;

[0028] 4. The first end face tooth groove and the second end face tooth groove of the present application are designed as a conical structure, so that the first end face tooth and the second end face tooth are meshed with each other to generate an axial force component, which can put the differential in a good combination state and further improve the torque transmission efficiency;

[0029] 5. The connection structure of the connecting gear ring and the main housing of the present application is very simple. The combined structure of the flat key and the axial keyway can effectively carry the torque transmission between the main housing and the connecting gear ring. The flat key and the axial keyway are easy to process and have low processing difficulty.

[0030] 6. The present application provides a boss at the end of the connecting gear ring, which facilitates the connection between the reset structure and the driving structure and the connecting gear ring. The boss structure does not need to transmit torque, but only transmits thrust and pull, making the control of the connecting gear ring more stable;

[0031] 7. The present application provides a window corresponding to the boss on the main housing, which facilitates the passing of the boss, making the assembly of the connecting gear ring and the main housing simpler and more convenient;

[0032] 8. The reset structure of the present application realizes the reset operation of the connecting gear ring through the combined structure of the spring and the spring seat, and the overall structure is simple;

[0033] 9. The driving structure of the present application is very simple, and adopts electromagnetic drive for control, with direct thrust output and easy operation.

[0034] The differential of the present application has a simple structure, is easy to operate and use, reduces the difficulty and cost of processing, makes the torque transmission smoother and more stable, and has great promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 : A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the differential of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the connection between the connecting gear ring and the combined gear ring of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 : Explosion diagram of the connection between the connecting gear ring and the main housing of the present application;

[0038] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting gear ring and the combined gear ring rack of the present application;

[0039] Among them: 1—main housing; 2—housing cover; 3—planetary shaft; 4—planetary gear; 5—semi-shaft gear; 6—combining gear ring; 7—connecting gear ring; 8—first end face tooth; 9—first end face tooth groove; 10—second end face tooth; 11—second end face tooth groove; 12—flat key; 13—axial keyway; 14—boss; 15—window; 16—spring seat; 17—spring; 18—thrust ring; 19—induction coil; 20—electromagnetic coil housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0041] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0042] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0043] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] The present application relates to a normally open differential. The differential of the present application has a simple structure, and the connection and disconnection between the differential and the power output device are extremely convenient and simple to control, and the transmission and output of torque can be well realized. Compared with the existing differential structure, the differential of the present application reduces the window structure, and the opened window no longer bears the transmission of torque. The torque transmission of the entire differential structure is more reasonable, the structural design is simpler, the torque transmission is smoother and more stable, and the processing difficulty and processing cost of the differential structure are greatly reduced.

[0045] Specifically, Figures 1 to 4As shown, a normally open differential of the present application includes a differential case, a planetary shaft gear structure, a connecting gear ring 7, a driving structure and a reset structure. The differential case includes a main case 1 and a case cover 2 connected to a power output device of a vehicle. The main case 1 is a hollow cavity structure with an axial end open. The case cover 2 is fixed to one side of the axial opening of the main case 1 and forms an outer shell of the entire differential with the main case 1; the planetary shaft gear structure includes a planetary shaft 3 arranged in the main case 1 and the case cover 2, a planetary gear 4 sleeved on the planetary shaft 3, two half-shaft gears 5 disposed on both sides of the planetary shaft 3 and meshingly connected with the planetary gear 4, and a combined gear ring 6 sleeved on the end of the planetary shaft 3, the combined gear ring 6, the half-shaft gear 5 and the main case 1 are coaxial and along The planetary shaft 3 and the planetary gear 4 are arranged in the first direction, coaxially and along the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular; the power transmission path of the planetary shaft tooth structure is that the power is transmitted to the planetary shaft 3 by the combined gear ring 6, driving the planetary shaft 3 to rotate around the first axis, and the planetary gear 4 on the planetary shaft 3 rotates around the first axis following the planetary shaft 3, and the planetary gear 4 is connected with the half-shaft gear 5 in transmission connection, and the rotation of the planetary gear 4 will drive the two half-shaft gears 5 on both sides to rotate around the first axis, thereby distributing the power to the half-shaft gears 5 on both sides; the connecting gear ring 7 is axially movably sleeved on the main housing 1 and is fixedly connected to the main housing 1 in the direction of rotation around the first axis, and a space is provided between the connecting gear ring 7 and the combined gear ring 6 so that the connecting gear ring 7 fits tightly to the The axial end face of the coupling gear ring 6 makes the two fixedly connected in the direction of rotation around the first axis, the coupling gear ring 7 is the main body that controls whether the main housing 1 transmits the torque to the planetary shaft gear structure, when the coupling gear ring 7 moves axially toward the side of the coupling gear ring 6, the coupling gear ring 7 and the coupling gear ring 6 are meshed together, the coupling gear ring 7 can transmit the torque of the main housing 1 to the coupling gear ring 6, and when the coupling gear ring 7 is disengaged from the coupling gear ring 6, the main housing 1 is disengaged from the planetary shaft gear structure; the driving structure is connected to the end of the coupling gear ring 7 facing away from the coupling gear ring 6, and is used to drive the coupling gear ring 7 to move toward one side of the coupling gear ring 6. The driving structure of the present application is an electromagnetic control structure, which can drive the coupling gear ring 7 along the first axis when the differential connection is required. The reset structure is connected to the connecting gear ring 7 and is used to drive the connecting gear ring 7 to move away from the combining gear ring 6 when the driving structure removes the thrust on the connecting gear ring 7, so that the connecting gear ring 7 is separated from the combining gear ring 6. The driving force of the reset structure on the connecting gear ring 7 and the driving force of the driving structure on the connecting gear ring 7 are completely opposite. Both of them act on the connecting gear ring 7 along the first direction, but the driving structure drives the connecting gear ring 7 to move along the first direction toward the combining gear ring 6, and the reset structure drives the connecting gear ring 7 to move along the first direction away from the combining gear ring 6. The driving structure drives the differential to connect, and the reset structure drives the differential to disconnect.

[0046] In actual use, when the differential connection is required, the driving structure drives the connecting gear ring 7 to move along the first direction close to the side of the combined gear ring 6, and the connecting gear ring 7 is fixedly connected with the combined gear ring 6 in the rotation direction around the first axis through the rack structure. The torque of the main housing 1 rotating around the first axis is first transmitted to the connecting gear ring 7, and then transmitted from the connecting gear ring 7 to the combined gear ring 6, and then transmitted to the planetary shaft 3 by the combined gear ring 6, and then transmitted to the corresponding half-shaft gear 5 through the planetary gear 4;

[0047] When the differential needs to be disconnected, the driving structure removes the force on the connecting gear ring 7, and the connecting gear ring 7 moves along the first direction away from the combining gear ring 6 under the action of the reset structure, and the connecting gear ring 7 is disengaged from the combining gear ring 6. The torque of the main housing 1 is transmitted to the connecting gear ring 7 and no further transmission is performed.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the present embodiment optimizes the above-mentioned rack structure, specifically, as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the rack structure of this embodiment includes a first end face tooth 8 and a second end face tooth 10. The first end face tooth 8 is a strip-shaped structure provided on the end face of the connecting gear ring 7 facing the combining gear ring 6 and protruding along the first direction toward the combining gear ring 6. A plurality of first end face teeth 8 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the axial end face of the connecting gear ring 7, and a first end face tooth groove 9 is formed between adjacent first end face teeth 8; the second end face tooth 10 is a strip-shaped structure provided on the end face of the combining gear ring 6 facing the connecting gear ring 7 and protruding along the first direction toward the connecting gear ring 7. A plurality of second end face teeth 10 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the axial end face of the combining gear ring 6, and a second end face tooth groove 11 is formed between adjacent second end face teeth 10; the first end face teeth 8 and the second end face teeth 10 are respectively engaged in the second end face tooth groove 11 and the first end face tooth groove 9 when the connecting gear ring 7 and the combining gear ring 6 are tightly combined together in the first direction.

[0049] The first end face teeth 8 can be inserted into the second end face tooth groove 11 along the first direction, and similarly, the second end face teeth 10 can be inserted into the first end face tooth groove 9 along the first direction; when the first end face teeth 8 are inserted into the second end face tooth groove 11, and the second end face teeth 10 are inserted into the first end face tooth groove 9, the connecting tooth ring 7 and the combining tooth ring 6 are fixedly connected in the direction of rotation around the axis of the first direction, and the torque of the connecting tooth ring 7 can be transmitted to the combining tooth ring 6. Conversely, the first end face teeth 8 can be disengaged from the second end face tooth groove 11 along the first direction, and the second end face teeth 10 can be disengaged from the first end face tooth groove 9, completing the disengagement of the connecting tooth ring 7 and the combining tooth ring 6.

[0050] Furthermore, the present embodiment optimizes the structures of the first end face gear 8 and the second end face gear 10. Figures 2 to 4As shown, the first end face teeth 8 and the second end face teeth 10 are strip-shaped structures with a small end close to the first axis and a large end away from the first axis. Because the first end face teeth 8 and the second end face teeth 10 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the connecting gear ring 7 and the coupling gear ring 6, the circle where the first end face teeth 8 and the second end face teeth 10 are located near the first axis in the radial direction is smaller than the circle where the end is located away from the first axis in the radial direction. If the circumferential widths of the first end face teeth 8 and the second end face teeth 10 are designed to be consistent, the circumferential width of the first end face tooth groove 9 formed by the adjacent first end face teeth 8 is a tapered groove with a large end and a small end, which will cause the second end face teeth 10 to be unable to fit tightly with the first end face teeth 8, and there will be gaps between some end face teeth in the circumferential direction, and the transmission of torque becomes unstable. Therefore, this embodiment conforms to the circumferential arrangement by designing the first end face teeth 8 and the second end face teeth 10 as a strip-shaped structure with a smaller end close to the first axis and a larger end away from the first axis. In this way, when the connecting gear ring 7 and the combining gear ring 6 are meshed with each other, the first end face teeth 8 and the second end face teeth 10 are tightly fitted together, with a larger contact area, making the torque transmission smoother.

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the angle between the side surface of the first end face tooth groove 9 along the circumferential direction and the bottom surface along the axial direction is less than 90°, and the angle between the side surface of the second end face tooth groove 11 along the circumferential direction and the bottom surface along the axial direction is less than 90°. The first end face tooth groove 9 and the second end face tooth groove 11 are designed as a conical structure, so that the first end face teeth 8 and the second end face teeth 10 can generate an axial force component when they are meshed and connected to each other, and the axial force component can put the differential in a good combination state, further improving the torque transmission efficiency.

[0052] In a further embodiment of the present application, the structure of the connecting gear ring 7 is optimized. Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of flat keys 12 equidistantly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the circumferential outer side of the connecting gear ring 7. The flat keys 12 are strip structures extending along the first direction. The flat keys 12 are axially slidably connected to the axial key grooves 13 on the inner side of the main housing 1.

[0053] The combined structure of the flat key 12 and the axial keyway 13 is a structure for transmitting the torque between the connecting gear ring 7 and the main housing 1. The flat key 12 is a structure that protrudes in the radial direction of the connecting gear ring 7, and the axial keyway 13 is a structure that is radially recessed on the inner side of the main housing 1. The axial length of the axial keyway 13 is greater than the axial length of the flat key 12. The flat key 12 can slide in the axial keyway 13 along the first direction, but the two are fixedly connected as a whole in the rotation direction around the axis of the first direction. That is to say, when the main housing 1 rotates, the rotational motion of the main housing 1 is transmitted to the connecting gear ring 7 through the combination of the flat key 12 and the axial keyway 13, and the connecting gear ring 7 can move axially relative to the main housing 1 through the combination of the flat key 12 and the axial keyway 13.

[0054] In other embodiments of the present application, the structure of the connecting gear ring 7 is further optimized. Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a plurality of bosses 14 are provided on the side of the connecting gear ring 7 away from the coupling gear ring 6. The bosses 14 are strip-shaped structures protruding along the first direction away from the side of the coupling gear ring 6. The plurality of bosses 14 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. One end of the boss 14 away from the connecting gear ring 7 passes through the main housing 1 and is connected to the driving coupling and reset structure outside the main housing 1. Correspondingly, a window 15 for the boss 14 to pass through is provided on the axial end surface of the main housing 1.

[0055] When it is necessary to assemble the connecting gear ring 7 and the main shell 1, the end of the connecting gear ring 7 provided with the boss 14 is extended into the main shell 1 from the open end of the main shell 1, and then the boss 14 is aligned with the window 15, and the boss 14 is inserted into the window 15 until all the bosses 14 are fully inserted into the window 15, thereby completing the assembly of the connecting gear ring 7 and the main shell 1.

[0056] The boss 14 is a main body connected to the reset structure and the drive structure. The boss 14 extends out of the end of the main housing 1 and is connected to the reset structure and the drive structure. Figure 1 As shown, the reset structure of this embodiment includes a spring seat 16 that is movable in a first direction and sleeved on the outside of the main housing 1. The spring seat 16 is connected to the portion of the connecting gear ring 7 that extends outside the main housing 1. A spring 17 is provided between the spring seat 16 and the main housing 1. The spring 17 is arranged coaxially with the main housing 1.

[0057] After the driving structure removes the force on the connecting gear ring 7, the spring 17 applies a force to the spring seat 16 along the first direction away from the combining gear ring 6, so that the spring seat 16 moves with the connecting gear ring 7 away from the combining gear ring 6, forcing the connecting gear ring 7 and the combining gear ring 6 to completely disengage.

[0058] The driving structure of this embodiment is as follows Figure 1As shown, the driving structure includes a thrust ring 18 that pushes the spring seat 16 and an induction coil 19 that generates a first-direction electromagnetic thrust when energized to drive the thrust ring 18 to move along the first direction to the side of the connecting gear ring 7. The driving structure is an electromagnetic driving structure, which is arranged in an electromagnetic coil housing 20, and the electromagnetic coil housing 20 is fixed on the outside of the main housing 1. The induction coil 19 and the thrust ring 18 are both arranged in the electromagnetic coil housing 20. The thrust ring 18 can move in the first direction. When the induction coil 19 is energized, a thrust along the first direction is generated to push the thrust ring 18 to move along the first direction to the side of the connecting gear ring 6. The thrust ring 18 drives the spring seat 16 and the connecting gear ring 7 to move along the first direction to the side of the connecting gear ring 6 until the connecting gear ring 7 and the connecting gear ring 6 are completely and tightly fitted together.

[0059] In actual operation, when the differential connection is required, the induction coil 19 is energized to generate a thrust along the first direction, pushing the thrust ring 18 to move along the first direction toward the side of the combined gear ring 6, and the thrust ring 18 drives the spring seat 16 and the connecting gear ring 7 to move along the first direction toward the side of the combined gear ring 6, until the connecting gear ring 7 and the combined gear ring 6 are completely and tightly fitted together; the first end face tooth 8 is inserted into the second end face tooth groove 11 along the first direction, and the second end face tooth 10 is inserted into the first end face tooth groove 9 along the first direction, and the connecting gear ring 7 and the combined gear ring 6 are meshed and connected with each other; the torque of the main housing 1 is transmitted to the combined gear ring 6 through the connecting gear ring 7, and the combined gear ring 6 transmits power to the planetary shaft 3, driving the planetary shaft 3 to rotate around the first axis, and the planetary gear 4 on the planetary shaft 3 rotates around the first axis with the planetary shaft 3, and the planetary gear 4 is connected with the half-shaft gear 5, and the rotation of the planetary gear 4 drives the two half-shaft gears 5 on both sides to rotate around the first axis, thereby distributing power to the half-shaft gears 5 on both sides;

[0060] When the differential needs to be disconnected, the induction coil 19 is de-energized and no longer generates thrust along the first direction. The spring 17 applies a force along the first direction away from the coupling gear ring 6 to the spring seat 16, so that the spring seat 16 moves with the connecting gear ring 7 to the side away from the coupling gear ring 6, forcing the connecting gear ring 7 and the coupling gear ring 6 to be completely disengaged; after the torque of the main housing 1 is transmitted to the connecting gear ring 7, no further transmission is performed.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, the first direction of this application is Figure 1 The left and right directions in the present application are Figure 1 The up and down directions in .

[0062] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present application. The present application may have various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present application to be protected. The scope of protection claimed in the present application is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A normally open differential, characterized in that: include, A differential housing, the differential housing comprising a main housing (1) connected to a power output device of an automobile and a housing cover (2); A planetary shaft gear structure, the planetary shaft gear structure comprising a planetary shaft (3) arranged in a main housing (1) and a housing cover (2), a planetary gear (4) sleeved on the planetary shaft (3), two half-shaft gears (5) arranged on both sides of the planetary shaft (3) and meshingly connected with the planetary gear (4), and a combined gear ring (6) sleeved on the end of the planetary shaft (3); the combined gear ring (6), the half-shaft gear (5) and the main housing (1) are coaxial and arranged along a first direction; the planetary shaft (3) and the planetary gear (4) are coaxial and arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular; A connecting toothed ring (7), the connecting toothed ring (7) being axially movable and sleeved on the main housing (1) and being fixedly connected to the main housing (1) in a direction of rotation about a first axis; a rack structure is provided between the connecting toothed ring (7) and the coupling toothed ring (6), so that the two are fixedly connected in a direction of rotation about the first axis when the connecting toothed ring (7) is tightly fitted to the axial end surface of the coupling toothed ring (6); A driving structure, the driving structure being connected to an end of the connecting gear ring (7) facing away from the coupling gear ring (6) and being used for driving the connecting gear ring (7) to move toward one side of the coupling gear ring (6); A reset structure is connected to the connecting toothed ring (7) and is used to drive the connecting toothed ring (7) to move away from the coupling toothed ring (6) when the driving structure removes the thrust on the connecting toothed ring (7) so that the connecting toothed ring (7) is separated from the coupling toothed ring (6).

2. A normally open differential as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The rack structure comprises: First end face teeth (8), the first end face teeth (8) being a strip-shaped structure provided on the end face of the connecting toothed ring (7) facing the coupling toothed ring (6) and protruding along the first direction toward the coupling toothed ring (6), a plurality of first end face teeth (8) being evenly spaced and distributed along the circumferential direction on the axial end face of the connecting toothed ring (7), and first end face tooth grooves (9) being formed between adjacent first end face teeth (8); A second end face tooth (10), the second end face tooth (10) is a strip-shaped structure provided on the end face of the coupling tooth ring (6) facing the connecting tooth ring (7) and protruding along the first connecting tooth ring (7), a plurality of second end face teeth (10) are evenly spaced and distributed along the circumferential direction on the axial end face of the coupling tooth ring (6), and a second end face tooth groove (11) is formed between adjacent second end face teeth (10); The first end face teeth (8) and the second end face teeth (10) are respectively engaged in the second end face tooth groove (11) and the first end face tooth groove (9) when the connecting tooth ring (7) and the combining tooth ring (6) are tightly combined in the first direction.

3. A normally open differential as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The first end face teeth (8) and the second end face teeth (10) are strip-shaped structures with a smaller end close to the first axial line and a larger end away from the first axial line.

4. A normally open differential as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between the side surface of the first end surface tooth groove (9) along the circumferential direction and the bottom surface along the axial direction is less than 90°; the angle between the side surface of the second end surface tooth groove (11) along the circumferential direction and the bottom surface along the axial direction is less than 90°.

5. A normally open differential as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of flat keys (12) are arranged on the outer circumferential side of the connecting gear ring (7) and are distributed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction; the flat keys (12) are strip-shaped structures extending in the first direction, and the flat keys (12) are axially slidably connected to the axial key grooves (13) on the inner side of the main housing (1).

6. A normally open differential as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of bosses (14) are provided on a side of the connecting gear ring (7) away from the coupling gear ring (6); the bosses (14) are strip-shaped structures protruding along a first direction away from the coupling gear ring (6); the plurality of bosses (14) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction; and one end of the boss (14) away from the connecting gear ring (7) passes through the main housing (1) and is connected to a driving coupling and reset structure on the outside of the main housing (1).

7. A normally open differential as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A window (15) for the boss (14) to pass through is provided on the axial end surface of the main housing (1).

8. A normally open differential as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The reset structure comprises a spring seat (16) which is movable in a first direction and sleeved on the outside of the main housing (1); the spring seat (16) is connected to a portion of the connecting gear ring (7) extending outside the main housing (1); a spring (17) is arranged between the spring seat (16) and the main housing (1); and the spring (17) is coaxially arranged with the main housing (1).

9. A normally open differential as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The driving structure comprises a thrust ring (18) for pushing a spring seat (16) and an induction coil (19) for generating a first-direction electromagnetic thrust when energized to drive the thrust ring (18) to move along one side of a first-direction connection gear ring (7).

10. An automobile, characterized in that: The automobile is equipped with any one of the normally open differentials as claimed in claims 1 to 9.

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