Infrared radiation material with metal reflectivity and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of infrared radiation materials, and particularly relates to an infrared radiation material with metal reflectivity and a preparation method and application thereof. The infrared radiation material with metal reflectivity comprises a base material layer, a metal layer, an ink layer and a polymer protection layer which are sequentially stacked, and the ink layer comprises a metal material. The fabric with the concave-convex structure is adopted as the base material layer, the regular concave-convex structure can be naturally formed when the fabric is woven, the radiation quantity of infrared light can be reduced through an interference method, and the purpose of reducing the infrared radiance is achieved; the metal layer with high infrared reflectivity and low infrared radiance is adopted as the reflecting layer, the flaky metal particles with high infrared reflectivity and low infrared radiance are added in the ink layer, and the polymer protective layer containing the ultraviolet absorbent is arranged on the ink layer, so that the effect of obviously reducing the infrared radiance can be achieved through the combined action.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of infrared radiation materials, and in particular relates to an infrared radiation material with metal reflectivity and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Infrared stealth technology is a technology that reduces or changes the infrared radiation characteristics of the target, making it difficult for the opponent's infrared detection equipment to detect it or reducing its detection capability. Low infrared radiation materials are usually used in the field of infrared stealth.

[0003] Low infrared radiation materials are mainly used for infrared thermal imager reconnaissance, aiming to reduce the brightness of the target in the infrared band. When infrared rays hit the smooth surface of any material, three phenomena will occur: part of the energy is absorbed, part of the energy is reflected, and part of the energy is transmitted. Due to the law of conservation of energy, α+β+γ=1; α is the material's absorption rate of infrared rays, β is the material's reflectivity of infrared rays, and γ is the material's transmittance of infrared rays. The infrared radiation rate ε of a material at a given temperature is equal to the absorption rate α at the same temperature. Because ε+β+γ=1, to obtain a lower ε, β and γ need to be higher.

[0004] At present, many studies are exploring how to reduce the infrared emissivity of infrared radiation materials to improve infrared stealth technology, but the infrared emissivity of materials is still relatively high and cannot meet the demand for low infrared emissivity materials.

[0005] Therefore, it is of great significance to provide an infrared radiation material with lower infrared radiation rate. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve one or more technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, and at least provide a beneficial choice or create conditions. Specifically, the present invention provides an infrared radiation material with metal reflectivity, which has a low infrared radiation rate.

[0007] The inventive concept of the present invention is as follows: the infrared radiation material of the present invention comprises a substrate layer, a metal layer, an ink layer and a polymer protective layer stacked in sequence; the composition of the ink layer comprises a metal material. The present invention adopts a metal layer with high infrared reflectivity and low infrared emissivity as a reflective layer and adds a metal material with high infrared reflectivity and low infrared emissivity to the ink, and the combined effect of the two can achieve the effect of significantly reducing the infrared emissivity.

[0008] Therefore, a first aspect of the present invention provides an infrared radiation material having metallic reflectivity.

[0009] Specifically, the infrared radiation material with metal reflectivity comprises a substrate layer, a metal layer, an infrared-transmitting ink layer and a polymer protective layer stacked in sequence;

[0010] The ink layer is composed of a metal material.

[0011] Preferably, the substrate layer comprises fabric; and the fabric is composed of fabric fibers.

[0012] Further preferably, the fabric fiber includes any one of cotton fiber, silk fiber, nylon fiber and polyester fiber.

[0013] Specifically, the surface of the fabric with the concave-convex structure can reduce the radiation amount of infrared light by using the interference method, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing infrared radiation.

[0014] Preferably, the metal in the metal layer includes at least one of aluminum, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, tin, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, germanium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, antimony, iridium, gold and platinum.

[0015] Specifically, the present invention has no special limitation on the number of metal layers, which can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0016] Preferably, the metal material includes at least one of aluminum, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, tin, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, germanium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, antimony, iridium, platinum and gold.

[0017] Specifically, the present invention adopts a metal layer with high infrared reflectivity and low infrared emissivity as a reflective layer, an ink layer that can transmit infrared rays, and adds a metal material with high infrared reflectivity and low infrared emissivity to the ink layer. The metal layer, the ink layer and the metal material in the ink layer work together to achieve the effect of significantly reducing the infrared emissivity.

[0018] Preferably, the metal material is in sheet form.

[0019] Preferably, the metal material is flake-shaped particles.

[0020] Preferably, the ink layer also includes dyes, binders, solvents and additives.

[0021] Preferably, in terms of weight percentage, the composition of the ink layer includes 3.5-11% of metal material, 13.5-27% of dye, 15-22% of connecting material, 34.5-65.5% of solvent, and 2.5-5.5% of additive.

[0022] Preferably, in terms of weight percentage, the composition of the ink layer includes 4-10% of metal material, 15-24% of dye, 16-20% of connecting material, 41-62% of solvent, and 3-5% of additive.

[0023] Preferably, the dye comprises cyan dye, magenta dye, and yellow dye.

[0024] Preferably, in the ink layer, the weight proportion of the cyan dye, magenta dye and yellow dye is 4.5-9%; further preferably, in the ink layer, the weight proportion of the cyan dye, magenta dye and yellow dye is 5-8%.

[0025] Preferably, the cyan dye is an anthraquinone compound; the magenta dye is an azo compound; and the yellow dye is an azo compound.

[0026] Specifically, the present invention mixes the three primary color dyes of cyan, magenta and yellow in an appropriate proportion to prepare a dye, which can absorb visible light and has a low absorption rate for infrared rays. The dye is added to a compatible connecting material (transparent resin) to obtain an ink, which can absorb visible light and transmit infrared rays. When selecting dyes and connecting materials, materials containing no or less polar functional groups (such as CN, CO, etc.) are used to minimize the infrared absorption rate. The ink in the ink layer of the present invention is an ink that allows infrared rays to pass through and reflect on the surface of the metal layer and absorb less. At the same time, combined with the sheet metal material in the ink, the infrared radiation material has a lower infrared radiation rate.

[0027] Preferably, the connecting material includes at least one of polysiloxane resin, rubber resin, polyolefin resin and polyimide resin.

[0028] Preferably, the solvent includes an organic solvent; further preferably, the organic solvent includes at least one of ethanol, acetone and xylene.

[0029] Preferably, the additive comprises stearic acid.

[0030] Preferably, the polymer material in the polymer protective layer includes any one of polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), trans-1,4-polyisoprene (TPI), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

[0031] Preferably, the thickness of the metal layer is 18 nm-22 μm; further preferably, the thickness of the metal layer is 20 nm-20 μm.

[0032] Preferably, the thickness of the ink layer is 1.5-2.2 μm or 4.5-5.0 μm; further preferably, the thickness of the ink layer is 1.6-2 μm or 4.7-4.8 μm.

[0033] The present invention uses interference to reduce infrared radiation by controlling the thickness of the ink layer. The infrared light reflected from the inner and outer surfaces of the ink layer will minimize the reflected infrared light through interference. The thickness d of the ink layer is:

[0034]

[0035] Wherein, k=0, 1, 2, 3, ..., λ is the wavelength of infrared light, and n is the refractive index of the ink layer material.

[0036] Preferably, the thickness of the polymer protective layer is 45 nm-5.5 μm; further preferably, the thickness of the polymer protective layer is 50 nm-5 μm.

[0037] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the infrared radiation material with metallic reflectivity described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0038] Specifically, the method for preparing the infrared radiation material with metallic reflectivity comprises the following steps:

[0039] A metal layer, an ink layer and a polymer protective layer are sequentially prepared on the substrate layer to obtain the infrared radiation material with metal reflectivity.

[0040] Preferably, the metal layer is prepared by any one of vacuum evaporation coating method, vacuum magnetron sputtering coating method, radio frequency magnetron sputtering coating method and electron beam evaporation coating method.

[0041] Preferably, the metal layer is formed on the surface of the substrate layer by vacuum evaporation coating method, vacuum magnetron sputtering coating method, radio frequency magnetron sputtering coating method or electron beam evaporation coating method.

[0042] Preferably, the ink layer is prepared by coating or screen printing.

[0043] A third aspect of the present invention provides a stealth device.

[0044] Specifically, the stealth device includes the infrared radiation material with metallic reflectivity described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] (1) The infrared radiation material of the present invention comprises a substrate layer, a metal layer, an ink layer and a polymer protective layer stacked in sequence; the ink layer comprises a metal material. The present invention adopts a fabric with a concave-convex structure as the substrate layer, adopts a metal layer with high infrared reflectivity and low infrared emissivity as the reflective layer, adds flaky metal particles with high infrared reflectivity and low infrared emissivity to the ink layer, and arranges a polymer protective layer containing an ultraviolet absorber outside the ink layer, which together can achieve the effect of significantly reducing the infrared emissivity.

[0047] (2) The present invention uses an interference method to reduce the infrared radiation rate by controlling the thickness of the ink layer. The infrared light reflected from the inner and outer surfaces of the ink layer will minimize the reflected infrared light through the interference method.

[0048] (3) The present invention uses cyan, magenta and yellow primary color dyes that contain no or less polar functional groups (such as cyano, carboxyl, etc.) and mixes them in appropriate proportions to prepare ink, which can absorb visible light but not infrared light, and block visible light to reduce glare caused by visible light, thereby reducing infrared radiation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the infrared radiation material with metallic reflectivity prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the technical scheme of the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the following embodiments are listed for illustration. It should be pointed out that the following embodiments do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0051] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials, reagents or devices used in the following examples can be obtained from conventional commercial sources or by existing known methods.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] An infrared radiation material with metallic reflectivity, comprising, from bottom to top, a base material layer woven from cotton fibers, an aluminum metal layer with a thickness of 20 μm, an ink layer with a thickness of 1.6 μm, and a polycarbonate protective layer containing an ultraviolet absorber with a thickness of 50 nm;

[0054] Calculated by weight percentage, the raw material composition of the ink layer is: 4% flaky aluminum particles, 5% cyan dye (anthraquinone compound 9,10-anthraquinone), 5% magenta dye (azo compound methyl red), 5% yellow dye (azo compound methyl orange), 16% polyethylene binder, 62% ethanol solvent, and 3% stearic acid additive.

[0055] A method for preparing an infrared radiation material with metallic reflectivity comprises the following steps:

[0056] (1) Cotton fibers are woven into fabrics, and an aluminum metal layer is formed on the surface of the fabrics by vacuum evaporation coating to form an aluminum metal layer with a thickness of 20 μm;

[0057] (2) mixing the raw materials of the ink layer to obtain ink; forming the ink on the surface of the aluminum metal layer by a screen printing method to form an ink layer with a thickness of 1.6 μm;

[0058] (3) Spraying an organic solution of polycarbonate containing an ultraviolet absorber onto the surface of the ink layer obtained in step (2) to form a polycarbonate transparent film containing an ultraviolet absorber (1% by weight) and having a thickness of 50 nm as a protective layer to obtain an infrared radiation material.

[0059] The structural schematic diagram of the infrared radiation material with metal reflectivity prepared in Example 1 of the present invention is as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] An infrared radiation material with metal reflectivity, comprising a base material layer woven from silk fibers, a copper metal layer with a thickness of 5 μm, an ink layer with a thickness of 4.8 μm, and a polyethylene protective layer with a thickness of 5 μm containing an ultraviolet absorber;

[0062] Calculated by weight percentage, the raw material formula of the ink layer is: 10% flaky gold particles, 8% cyan dye (anthraquinone compound 9,10-anthraquinone), 8% magenta dye (azo compound methyl red), 8% yellow dye (azo compound methyl orange), 20% polyethylene binder, 41% acetone solvent, and 5% stearic acid additive.

[0063] A method for preparing an infrared radiation material with metallic reflectivity comprises the following steps:

[0064] (1) weaving silk fibers into fabrics, and forming a copper metal layer on the surface of the fabrics by vacuum magnetron sputtering coating to form a 5 μm copper metal layer;

[0065] (2) mixing the raw materials of the ink layer to obtain ink; applying the ink on the surface of the metal layer obtained in step (1) to form an ink layer with a thickness of 4.8 μm;

[0066] (3) A polyethylene transparent film with a thickness of 5 μm and containing an ultraviolet absorber (1% by weight) is covered on the surface of the ink layer obtained in step (2) by hot pressing as a polymer protective layer to prepare an infrared radiation material.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] An infrared radiation material with metallic reflectivity, comprising a substrate layer made of nylon 6 fibers, a silver metal layer with a thickness of 300 nm, an ink layer with a thickness of 4.7 μm, and a polymethyl methacrylate protective layer with a thickness of 1 μm containing an ultraviolet absorber;

[0069] Calculated by weight percentage, the raw material formula of the ink layer is: 6% flaky copper particles, 6% cyan dye (anthraquinone compound 9,10-anthraquinone), 6% magenta dye (azo compound methyl red), 6% yellow dye (azo compound methyl orange), 17% connecting material polyimide resin, 55% solvent xylene, and 4% additive stearic acid.

[0070] A method for preparing an infrared radiation material with metallic reflectivity comprises the following steps:

[0071] (1) weaving nylon 6 fibers into fabrics, and forming silver metal on the surface of the fabrics by radio frequency magnetron sputtering to form a silver metal layer with a thickness of 300 nm;

[0072] (2) mixing the raw materials of the ink layer to obtain ink; forming the ink on the surface of the silver metal layer obtained in step (1) by screen printing to form a 4.7 μm ink layer;

[0073] (3) An organic solution of polymethyl methacrylate containing an ultraviolet absorber (0.5% by weight) is sprayed onto the surface of the ink layer obtained in step (2) to form a transparent polymethyl methacrylate film containing an ultraviolet absorber and having a thickness of 1 μm as a protective layer, thereby obtaining an infrared radiation material.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] An infrared radiation material with metal reflectivity, comprising a base material layer made of polyester fiber, a 20nm thick chromium metal layer, a 2μm thick ink layer and a 3μm thick polyethylene terephthalate protective layer containing an ultraviolet absorber;

[0076] Calculated by weight percentage, the raw material formula of the ink layer is: 8% flaky nickel particles, 7% cyan dye (anthraquinone compound 9,10-anthraquinone), 7% magenta dye (azo compound methyl red), 7% yellow dye (azo compound methyl orange), 19% binder polyimide resin, 48% solvent xylene, and 4% additive stearic acid.

[0077] A method for preparing an infrared radiation material with metallic reflectivity comprises the following steps:

[0078] (1) Weaving polyester fibers into fabrics, and forming chromium metal on the surface of the fabrics by electron beam evaporation coating to form a chromium metal layer with a thickness of 20 nm;

[0079] (2) mixing the raw materials of the ink layer to obtain ink; applying the infrared-transmitting ink on the surface of the chromium metal layer obtained in step (1) to form an ink layer with a thickness of 2 μm;

[0080] (3) A transparent polyethylene terephthalate film with a thickness of 3 μm and containing an ultraviolet absorber (0.5% by weight) is covered on the surface of the ink layer obtained in step (2) by hot pressing as a polymer protective layer to prepare an infrared radiation material.

[0081] Comparative Example 1

[0082] The only difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the ink layer of Comparative Example 1 does not contain flaky aluminum particles, that is, the raw material formula of the ink layer of Comparative Example 1 is: 5% cyan dye, 5% magenta dye, 5% yellow dye, 16% binder, 66% solvent, and 3% additive, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0083] Comparative Example 2

[0084] The only difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 4 is that the ink layer of Comparative Example 2 does not contain flaky nickel particles, that is, the raw material formula of the ink layer of Comparative Example 2 is: 7% cyan dye, 7% magenta dye, 7% yellow dye, 19% binder, 56% solvent, 4% additive, and the rest is the same as Example 4.

[0085] Performance Testing

[0086] The infrared radiation materials prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were tested for infrared radiation rates, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0087] Table 1: Infrared emissivity test results of infrared radiation materials of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2

[0088] Test items Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Infrared emissivity 0.10 0.09 0.11 0.14 0.23 0.27

[0089] It can be seen from Table 1 that the infrared radiation rates of the infrared radiation materials of the present invention are significantly lower than those of the comparative examples, indicating that the infrared radiation materials prepared by the present invention can well reduce the infrared radiation rates.

[0090] No flaky aluminum particles were added to the ink layer of Comparative Example 1, and no flaky nickel particles were added to the ink layer of Comparative Example 4, so that the infrared emissivity of the infrared radiation material prepared in Comparative Example 1 was significantly higher than that of Example 1, which was 2.3 times that of Example 1, and the infrared emissivity of the infrared radiation material prepared in Comparative Example 2 was significantly higher than that of Example 4, which was 1.93 times that of Example 4. This shows that the metal material in the ink layer plays an extremely important role in reducing the infrared emissivity.

[0091] In summary, the infrared radiation material of the present invention comprises a substrate layer, a metal layer, an ink layer and a polymer protective layer stacked in sequence; the composition of the ink layer comprises a metal material. The present invention adopts a fabric with a concave-convex structure as the substrate layer, and a regular concave-convex structure can be naturally formed when the fabric is woven. The radiation amount of infrared light can be reduced by using an interference method, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the infrared radiation rate; a metal layer with high infrared reflectivity and low infrared radiation rate is adopted as a reflective layer, an ink layer with infrared light transmission characteristics is adopted, and flaky metal particles with high infrared reflectivity and low infrared radiation rate are added to the ink, and a polymer protective layer containing an ultraviolet absorber is arranged on the ink layer, and the combined effect of them can achieve the effect of significantly reducing the infrared radiation rate.

[0092] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An infrared radiation material, characterized in that: It includes a substrate layer, a metal layer, an ink layer and a polymer protective layer stacked in sequence; The ink layer is composed of a metal material.

2. The infrared radiation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal in the metal layer includes at least one of aluminum, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, tin, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, germanium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, antimony, iridium, gold, and platinum.

3. The infrared radiation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal material includes at least one of aluminum, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, tin, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, germanium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, antimony, iridium, platinum and gold; and / or the metal material is in sheet form.

4. The infrared radiation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ink layer also includes dyes, connecting materials, solvents and additives.

5. The infrared radiation material according to claim 4, characterized in that: Calculated by weight percentage, the ink layer comprises 3.5-11% of metal material, 13.5-27% of dye, 15-22% of connecting material, 34.5-65.5% of solvent and 2.5-5.5% of additive.

6. The infrared radiation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate layer comprises fabric; the fabric comprises fabric fibers.

7. The infrared radiation material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the metal layer is 18 nm-22 μm; and / or the thickness of the ink layer is 1.5-2.2 μm or 4.5-5.0 μm; and / or the thickness of the polymer protective layer is 45 nm-5.5 μm.

8. The method for preparing the infrared radiation material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A metal layer, an ink layer and a polymer protective layer are sequentially prepared on the substrate layer to obtain the infrared radiation material.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The metal layer is formed on the surface of the substrate layer by vacuum evaporation coating method, vacuum magnetron sputtering coating method, radio frequency magnetron sputtering coating method or electron beam evaporation coating method.

10. A stealth device, characterized in that: The infrared radiation material comprises the infrared radiation material according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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