A wide-temperature-range integrated thermally protected low-temperature PSP excitation source device

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of aerospace aerodynamics technology, and particularly relates to a wide-temperature-range integrated thermally protected cryogenic PSP excitation light source device. It includes: a light source host, an optical transmission module, and a light output module; wherein, the light source host is deployed in a room temperature environment to generate PSP and / or TSP excitation light; the optical transmission module, internally composed of optical fibers, includes a room-temperature protection system deployed in the room temperature environment and a wide-temperature-range protection system deployed inside the wind tunnel chamber; the light output module consists of an optical fiber lens, which performs secondary light distribution and can adjust the light output angle and spot size, and has a pre-reserved vent in the lens for anti-fogging design. This invention significantly saves the space cost of the excitation light source during cryogenic wind tunnel experiments, making it more suitable for the experimental environment of small research cryogenic wind tunnels, easily adjustable in angle, and ensuring stable light output; the anti-fogging design of the optical fiber lens by pre-reserved vents in the lens avoids fogging and affects the light transmission effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aerospace aerodynamics technology, and particularly relates to a wide-temperature-range integrated thermal protection low-temperature PSP excitation light source device. Background Technology

[0002] Pressure-Sensitive Paint (PSP) and Temperature-Sensitive Paint (TSP) measurement technologies, as novel non-contact measurement methods, are widely used in aerospace and aerodynamics. The measurement principle of PSP / TSP involves irradiating the surface with an excitation light source of a specific wavelength. The PSP / TSP absorbs the excitation light energy and subsequently radiates light signals of different wavelengths. Due to the oxygen / thermal quenching effect in photoluminescence, the intensity of the PSP / TSP radiation changes with pressure / temperature. Compared to traditional methods for measuring pressure and temperature on aircraft surfaces, non-contact measurement methods based on sensitive coatings can obtain high-resolution continuous pressure and temperature distribution maps across the entire aircraft surface, providing both flow field and temperature field display capabilities. Furthermore, they significantly reduce the cost and workload required for sensor deployment and installation, and substantially shorten model fabrication and testing cycles, resulting in significantly improved economy and timeliness, and demonstrating good applicability. Cryogenic wind tunnels are an effective way to obtain high Reynolds number aerodynamic characteristic data, and scholars from various countries have conducted extensive research on them. Among them, PSP and TSP technologies have become important testing methods in cryogenic wind tunnels due to their good applicability and convenience. However, the ultra-low temperature experimental environment in cryogenic wind tunnels can have varying degrees of impact on the use of precision instruments. As an important component of the PSP / TSP measurement system, the thermal protection of the excitation source in cryogenic wind tunnels is particularly important.

[0003] Currently, the primary method for using excitation sources in cryogenic wind tunnels, both domestically and internationally, is through thermal protection chambers. This involves placing the excitation source and other equipment within a protective chamber, using heaters and insulation to stabilize the temperature within the chamber within the normal operating range of the excitation source. However, this method has limitations. Firstly, the thermal protection chamber is generally quite large to accommodate the excitation source, camera, and other precision equipment, as well as various heating devices. For common small research-scale cryogenic wind tunnels, the wind tunnel observation window is typically small. If the thermal protection chamber is too large, it narrows the field of view of the excitation source and camera, and makes it difficult to adjust the attitude and angle of the equipment, making it unsuitable for wind tunnel experiments in small research-scale cryogenic wind tunnels. Secondly, most thermal protection chambers employ a fully enclosed structure design, with the excitation source, camera, and other equipment outputting and acquiring data through a glass window at the front of the chamber. Due to the significant temperature difference between the inside and outside of the glass window, fogging easily occurs on the glass surface, affecting light transmission and data acquisition accuracy, resulting in significant experimental data errors. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a wide-temperature-range integrated thermal protection cryogenic PSP excitation source device applicable to cryogenic wind tunnels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems of existing technologies, such as large size of the thermal protection chamber, difficulty in adjusting its orientation, easy fogging of the glass window surface, and unsuitability for small-scale research-scale low-temperature wind tunnels, the present invention aims to overcome these shortcomings by proposing a wide-temperature-range integrated thermal protection low-temperature PSP excitation light source device.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a wide-temperature-range integrated thermally protected low-temperature PSP excitation light source device, comprising: a light source host, an optical transmission module, and a light output module; wherein,

[0006] The light source host is deployed in a room temperature environment to generate PSP and / or TSP excitation light;

[0007] The optical transmission module contains optical fibers and includes a room temperature protection system deployed in a room temperature environment and a wide temperature range protection system deployed inside the wind tunnel.

[0008] The light-emitting module consists of a fiber optic lens, which performs secondary light distribution and can adjust the light-emitting angle and spot size. It also has a pre-reserved air hole in the lens for anti-fogging design.

[0009] Preferably, the external part of the ambient temperature protection system is protected by a vacuum protection hose that is resistant to low temperature and high pressure, and a protective material that is resistant to low temperature and wear is wrapped around the outside of the vacuum protection hose.

[0010] Preferably, the wide temperature range protection system is externally protected by a vacuum protective hose that is resistant to low temperatures and high pressures, and the vacuum protective hose is wrapped with a protective material that is resistant to low temperatures and wear. The wide temperature range protection system is internally equipped with a heating hose and a temperature and pressure sensor for temperature compensation.

[0011] Preferably, the vacuum protective hose is a double-layer corrugated pipe, with the middle layer of the double-layer corrugated pipe filled with a vacuum multilayer heat-insulating composite material, which is formed after vacuum welding to maintain a high vacuum state.

[0012] Preferably, the connection between the ambient temperature protection system and the wide temperature range protection system is made by welding, and a movable flange is installed at the connection point, with an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene gasket placed between the flange and the outer wall of the chamber.

[0013] Preferably, a movable flange is installed at the connection between the wide temperature range protection system and the light-emitting module, a light-emitting connector is installed on the inner wall of the occupancy chamber, and an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene gasket is placed between the flange and the light-emitting connector.

[0014] Preferably, the light-emitting module is equipped with a heating unit with a temperature sensor, and a heating wire is wound around the heating unit to ensure that the fiber optic lens works normally in a low-temperature environment.

[0015] Preferably, the low-temperature environment is 110K to 323K.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. This invention integrates the thermal protection system and the excitation light source, which greatly saves the space cost occupied during low-temperature wind tunnel experiments, making it easier to meet the experimental environment of small research-type low-temperature wind tunnels.

[0018] 2. This invention uses an optical fiber lens as the light output module. Due to the small light output port, the angle is easier to adjust, and the light output can be kept stable.

[0019] 3. This invention incorporates an anti-fog design for the fiber optic lens by pre-reserving air holes in the lens, thus preventing fogging and affecting the light transmission effect. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a detailed design diagram of the wide-temperature-range integrated thermal protection low-temperature PSP excitation light source device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the optical transmission module and the occupancy room;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a design drawing for the anti-fog feature of the light output module lens. Detailed Implementation

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention includes a light source host, a light transmission module, and a light output module; wherein,

[0024] The light source host is deployed in a room temperature environment to generate PSP and / or TSP excitation light;

[0025] The optical transmission module, which contains optical fiber, includes a room temperature protection system deployed in a room temperature environment and a wide temperature range protection system deployed inside the wind tunnel.

[0026] The light output module consists of a fiber optic lens, which performs secondary light distribution and can adjust the light output angle and spot size. It also has a pre-reserved air hole in the lens for anti-fogging design.

[0027] We designed the PSP / TSP excitation light source as an integrated thermal protection form of "light source host + fiber optic protection module", placing the light source host in a room temperature working environment to ensure higher light stability; through a wide temperature range protection system, the optical fiber is introduced into a wide temperature range and high pressure room; an adjustable light output module is designed to meet different angle output, and corresponding anti-fog design is made for the light source lens.

[0028] The wide temperature range protection system consists of three main parts: the connection design between the optical transmission module and the room, the protection design of the optical transmission module, and the protection design of the light output module.

[0029] The connection design between the optical transmission module and the occupancy chamber is divided into two parts: a normal temperature protection system and a wide temperature range protection system. The normal temperature protection system and the wide temperature range protection system are connected together by welding, and the connection point is designed with a movable flange for easy fixation to the outer wall of the occupancy chamber. The wide temperature range protection system also has a movable flange on the other end for easy connection with the light output connector.

[0030] The primary purpose of the optical transmission module protection design is to protect the module from damage, ensure its normal operation, and minimize optical transmission loss. To this end, we have made technological innovations in design and material selection, proposing the following technical solutions:

[0031] 1) The exterior is protected by a vacuum protective hose that is resistant to low temperatures and high pressure;

[0032] 2) An additional layer of low-temperature resistant and wear-resistant protective material is wrapped around the outside of the vacuum protection hose. In one embodiment, low-temperature tape is used, but it is not limited to this, to provide physical protection for the vacuum protection hose.

[0033] 3) The internal temperature is compensated by a high-precision heating element with intelligent temperature control;

[0034] The protective design of the light output module is mainly to ensure that the fiber optic lens can work normally in low-temperature environments. We connect the fiber optic output head to the heating module. The heating module has a built-in temperature sensor to monitor the temperature in real time. Heating wires are wrapped around the outside of the heating module to heat the fiber optic head and the light output module, thereby ensuring that the fiber optic lens can work normally in low-temperature environments.

[0035] In addition, based on the analysis of the conditions for lens fogging, an anti-fog design was implemented for the lens. An air vent was reserved in the lens to keep it connected to the external environment. That is, during the experiment, the inner cavity of the lens is connected to the experimental wind tunnel and is dried together with the wind tunnel when it is turned on, thus maintaining a dry state.

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Embodiment 1 of this invention proposes a wide-temperature-range integrated thermal protection low-temperature PSP excitation source device. To address the problems of commonly used thermal protection boxes on the market, such as large size, difficulty in attitude adjustment, easy fogging of the glass window surface, and unsuitability for small research-scale low-temperature wind tunnels, we designed the PSP / TSP excitation source as an integrated thermal protection form of "source host + fiber optic protection module." This includes a source host, an optical transmission module, and a light output module. The optical transmission module, internally composed of optical fiber, includes a room-temperature protection system and a wide-temperature-range protection system. The wide-temperature-range thermal protection system primarily ensures that the light output from the source host is not affected by the surrounding low-temperature environment when it enters the wind tunnel chamber through the optical fiber, while simultaneously ensuring the stable operation of the light output module in the lens section. The outdoor portion is referred to as the room-temperature protection system, and the portion inside the wind tunnel chamber is referred to as the wide-temperature-range protection system. This design mainly consists of three parts: the connection design between the optical transmission module and the chamber, the protection design of the optical transmission module, and the protection design of the light output module.

[0039] The connection design between the optical transmission module and the refrigeration chamber is primarily to ensure sufficient airtightness and stable optical transmission at the connection point when the optical fiber enters the refrigeration chamber from the outside of the wind tunnel. The ambient temperature protection system and the wide temperature range protection system are connected together using a welding process, with a movable flange designed at the connection point. The other end of the wide temperature range protection system also features a movable flange. Figure 2 As shown, during installation, a high- and low-temperature resistant expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) gasket is placed between the flange and the outer wall of the cooling chamber. This gasket has a temperature resistance range of 93.15K to 533.15K, meeting the requirements for use in a low-temperature wind tunnel. Appropriately sized screws are used to fix the flange to the outer wall of the cooling chamber, ensuring airtightness. Since the optical transmission module has a relatively large bending radius, and the cooling chamber space is relatively narrow, an ePTFE gasket is placed between the flange and the light-emitting connector at the optical transmission module's outlet during installation. Appropriately sized screws are then used to tighten the flange and the light-emitting connector. This flange and gasket design facilitates operation and prevents cold leakage at the connection.

[0040] The optical transmission module protection design primarily aims to protect the module from damage, ensuring its normal operation and minimizing optical transmission loss. The ambient temperature protection system mainly consists of a vacuum hose protective tube and connecting accessories. The wide-temperature-range thermal protection system, in addition to the vacuum hose protective tube and connecting accessories, incorporates a built-in heating hose and a temperature and pressure sensing module. In low-temperature environments, it detects the internal temperature and, based on the temperature feedback, provides heat to the internal space to maintain a stable temperature. The vacuum hose protective tube employs a double-layer corrugated pipe vacuum insulation solution. Vacuum hoses offer excellent thermal insulation and require less electrical heating. The double-layer corrugated pipe is filled with a multi-layer vacuum-insulated composite material, formed after vacuum welding to maintain a high vacuum state.

[0041] The protective design of the light-emitting module is primarily to ensure the stability of the light source output. The light-emitting module, composed of fiber optic lenses, performs secondary light distribution on the light emitted from the fiber. To ensure the fiber optic lenses operate normally in low-temperature environments, we connect the fiber optic output head to a heating module. The heating module has a built-in temperature sensor to monitor the temperature in real time, and heating wires are wrapped around the outside of the heating module to heat the fiber optic head and the light-emitting module, thus ensuring the fiber optic lenses operate normally in low-temperature environments. In addition, because the internal temperature of the optical transmission module is maintained at the normal operating temperature of the fiber optic cable, while the experimental environment can reach 110K, there is a risk of fogging on the lens surface of the light-emitting module, affecting the light transmission effect. Therefore, an anti-fogging design was implemented. Figure 3 The image shown is a design diagram for anti-fog on the light output module lens.

[0042] In addition, it is difficult to guarantee zero humidity in the installation environment during conventional lens assembly. Therefore, a certain amount of humidity easily remains inside the lens cavity, meaning there is some moisture inside the lens. Due to the large temperature difference between the inside and outside of the lens in the experimental environment, the moisture inside the lens cavity may condense into water mist during pre-cooling and adhere to the lens. To address the conditions for lens fogging, the lens was designed with a pre-drilled vent to maintain communication with the external environment. This means that during the experiment, the lens cavity is connected to the experimental wind tunnel, and the lens is dried along with the wind tunnel, maintaining a dry state. The light-emitting module can adjust the spot size; specifically, this fiber optic lens assembly can achieve a controllable spot size within a diameter range of 100mm to 250mm, and the spot uniformity on the receiving surface remains above 85% throughout the entire focusing range, meeting the high uniformity design requirements. This indicates that the optical system has excellent beam shaping and uniformity control capabilities, effectively meeting the project's stringent requirements for spot size and uniformity.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] Embodiment 2 of the present invention describes a stability test conducted in a low-temperature wind tunnel using an integrated thermal protection PSP / TSP excitation light source for low-temperature wind tunnels, as described in Embodiment 1, under high pressure.

[0045] Experimental data:

[0046] 1. Stability verification test under high pressure (0.1-0.45MPa) environment

[0047] Conducting stability verification tests on the light source under high pressure is to ensure the reliability and stability of the light source system under different pressure conditions. Specifically, this test aims to verify whether the output power stability of the fiber optic system can remain at a high level in a high-pressure environment ranging from 0.1 to 0.45 MPa. We are particularly concerned with whether the output power stability of the light source still meets the requirement of above 99.5% / h under different pressure conditions.

[0048] To achieve this, we measured and recorded the output power of the light source multiple times under different pressure environments. These measurements covered not only various pressure conditions, but also allowed us to evaluate the performance of the light source in practical applications, particularly its reliability and stability under high-pressure environments.

[0049] The test results will provide important evidence for the application of the light source system under harsh environmental conditions. If the light source exhibits good power stability under these stress conditions, it will prove its reliability in practical applications.

[0050] Definitions:

[0051] Megapascal:

[0052] Megapascal (MPa): MPa is an abbreviation for "megapascal," a unit of measurement for pressure in the International System of Units (SI). 1 MPa equals 1,000,000 Pascals (Pa). It is commonly used to describe the pressure of liquids or gases. In engineering and scientific fields, MPa is often used to represent higher pressure values, such as the pressure in hydraulic and pneumatic systems.

[0053] High-voltage environment:

[0054] High-pressure environments refer to environments with pressures exceeding atmospheric pressure (typically around 101.3 kPa). In such environments, the pressure of gases or liquids is significantly higher than in normal environments. These environments are commonly found in the deep sea, industrial pipelines, pressurized vessels, or high-pressure laboratories. High-pressure environments place higher demands on the pressure resistance of materials, equipment, and systems; therefore, equipment operating in such environments must be specially designed and tested to ensure it can function properly, maintain stability, and ensure safety under high-pressure conditions.

[0055] (1) Test steps:

[0056] 1) Preparation

[0057] Ensure all test equipment is functioning correctly and calibrated.

[0058] Calibrate the optical power meter: Use a standard light source to calibrate the optical power meter to ensure measurement accuracy.

[0059] Connecting fiber optic systems

[0060] Connect the fiber optic system to the wide-temperature-range PSP light source system.

[0061] Place the optical fiber system's output port inside a high and low temperature test chamber.

[0062] 2) Set the initial pressure

[0063] The initial pressure of the experimental chamber was set to 0.1 MPa.

[0064] Turn on the light source and use a lux meter to record the initial illuminance.

[0065] Pressure change test

[0066] Increase the pressure by 0.1 MPa at a time until it reaches 0.45 MPa.

[0067] Record the change in illuminance of the light source after each increase in pressure.

[0068] At each pressure point, the light source was kept running stably for at least 120 minutes. An illuminance meter was fixed at the light window position, and the illuminance of the light source was recorded every 10 minutes.

[0069] Record the changes in illuminance output from the light source and calculate its stability.

[0070] (2) Test Records

[0071] During stability verification testing under high-pressure conditions, we strictly controlled all parameters of the test environment to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test data. The temperature of the experimental chamber was set within a wide temperature range, precisely controlled and kept constant to ensure the test process was unaffected by temperature fluctuations. Furthermore, the humidity inside the experimental chamber was also controlled at a constant level to avoid interference with the performance of the fiber optic system.

[0072] Before the experiment began, we conducted a comprehensive calibration and inspection of the testing equipment to ensure that all instruments and equipment were in normal working order and capable of high-precision measurement. The fiber optic system was precisely placed inside the experimental chamber, ensuring that the output port was aligned with the measurement point, and the position of the optical power meter was fixed to guarantee measurement consistency.

[0073] During the pressure change process, we gradually increased the pressure inside the experimental chamber and recorded the output power of the light source at each pressure point. Throughout the test, the pressure change in the experimental chamber was uniform, and the rate of increase was stable to avoid fluctuations in the light source output caused by sudden pressure changes.

[0074] Through these rigorous environmental controls and operational procedures, we ensured that the stability testing of the fiber optic system's output power under high-voltage conditions accurately reflected the performance of the light source in practical applications. These environmental records provide an important foundation for subsequent data analysis and light source performance evaluation.

[0075] During the stability verification test under high pressure (0.1-0.45MPa), we recorded multiple sets of actual measured data of the light source radiation power. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0076] Table 1. Record of Environmental Stability Test Data for High Voltage (0.1-0.45 MPa)

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] (3) Data analysis and processing

[0080] In the data analysis process, we first fitted the illuminance data of the light source output under different pressure conditions over time. By analyzing the trend of illuminance change over time under different pressures, we can preliminarily judge the stability of the illuminance output of the light source under high pressure.

[0081] Next, we calculated the average illuminance at each pressure point. The average illuminance value reflects the overall illuminance output level of the light source under different pressure conditions, which is an important indicator for evaluating the performance of the light source under these conditions.

[0082] We then calculated the standard deviation of the illuminance data. The standard deviation reflects the dispersion of the illuminance data, that is, the range of fluctuation in the light source output under different pressure conditions. The smaller the standard deviation, the better the output stability of the light source under that pressure condition.

[0083] To comprehensively evaluate the stability of the light source, we also calculated the illuminance stability index under different pressure conditions. Illuminance stability is usually expressed as a percentage change rate per hour (% / h). By analyzing the standard deviation and average illuminance, we obtained the stability data of the light source at various pressure points.

[0084] Finally, by comprehensively processing data from multiple measurements over a long period, we obtained the average illuminance value, standard deviation, and illuminance stability of the light source under various pressure conditions. The specific calculation results are shown in Table 2, providing a quantitative basis for the stability of the light source in high-pressure environments. These data will provide strong support for the further optimization design and application promotion of the light source.

[0085] Table 2. Calculation Results of High-Pressure (0.1-0.45MPa) Environmental Stability Test Data

[0086]

[0087] (4) Result Evaluation

[0088] Through the above data analysis, we are able to comprehensively evaluate the output stability of the light source fiber optic system under a wide temperature range and high pressure environment. The specific conclusions are as follows:

[0089] Test results show that the average illuminance of the light source fluctuates little and has a low standard deviation under different pressure conditions. This indicates that the light source maintained a high degree of consistency and stability throughout the test. Whether under a lower pressure of 0.1 MPa or a higher pressure of 0.45 MPa, the illuminance output of the light source exhibited extremely small fluctuations, demonstrating its excellent performance under high pressure.

[0090] Further analysis revealed that the stability indicators of the light source all exceeded expectations. Under all test pressures, the stability of the light source reached 99.55% / h or higher, indicating that the light source can maintain extremely high output stability under high-pressure environments. This result verifies the reliability and adaptability of the light source fiber optic system in harsh environments, ensuring that it can provide stable and reliable optical output in practical applications.

[0091] Furthermore, by comparing illuminance changes under different pressures, we can infer that the performance of the light source system in high-pressure environments is highly predictable. In other words, even when pressure conditions change, the light source can maintain a stable operating state, which is crucial for long-term operation in practical applications.

[0092] Example 3

[0093] Embodiment 3 of this invention describes the stability of a low-temperature wind tunnel integrated thermal protection PSP / TSP excitation light source (as described in Embodiment 1) under low-temperature conditions (110K–323K). The test aims to verify the stability of the light source system under extreme environmental conditions. By testing the stability of the light source in low-temperature (110K–323K) environments, its reliability in practical applications is evaluated. The test records the changes in output power of the light source as the temperature drops to the target temperature of 110K and under stable low-temperature conditions.

[0094] The test results will provide important evidence for evaluating the performance of the light source system in extreme low-temperature environments. If the light source can maintain stable power output within a temperature range of 110K to 323K, this will demonstrate its adaptability to harsh environments and ensure safety and reliability in practical applications.

[0095] The specific process is as follows:

[0096] 1. Preparations before the experiment: Ensure all testing equipment is functioning properly.

[0097] 2. Connect the optical fiber of the light source to the low-temperature wind tunnel chamber.

[0098] 3. Set the fiber optic system temperature control device to 40℃ to ensure the normal operation of the fiber optic system in low-temperature environments.

[0099] 4. Set the initial temperature of the low-temperature environment control equipment to 110K.

[0100] 5. Mark the measurement position on the light window and record the initial light source illuminance using a lux meter.

[0101] 6. During the temperature drop, use a lux meter to randomly collect data at the above-mentioned calibrated locations to measure the stability of the protective device and the light source under changing temperatures, and record the lux change at each time point.

[0102] 7. Once the temperature drops to the set temperature of 110K, use a lux meter to randomly collect data at the above-mentioned calibration location.

[0103] 8. Result evaluation: Based on the test data, it is confirmed that the light source stability is greater than 99.5% / h in a wide temperature range environment (110K~323K).

[0104] (1) Test steps:

[0105] 1) Preparation

[0106] Ensure all test equipment is functioning correctly and calibrated.

[0107] Calibrate the optical power meter: Use a standard light source to calibrate the optical power meter to ensure measurement accuracy.

[0108] Record the initial temperature and humidity of the experimental environment.

[0109] 2) Connecting to the fiber optic system

[0110] The light source system is installed inside a low-temperature environment control device.

[0111] The fiber optic system temperature regulation device is set to 40℃ to ensure the normal operation of the fiber optic system in low-temperature environments.

[0112] 3) Set the initial temperature

[0113] The initial temperature of the low-temperature environment control equipment is set to 110K.

[0114] Mark the measurement position on the light window and record the initial illuminance of the light source using a lux meter.

[0115] 4) Data acquisition during the temperature drop process

[0116] During the temperature drop, a lux meter was used to randomly collect data at the above-mentioned calibrated locations to measure the stability of the protective device and the light source under changing temperatures.

[0117] Record the changes in illuminance at each time point.

[0118] 5) Set the target temperature and ensure stable operation.

[0119] Once the temperature drops to the set temperature of 110K, data is randomly collected at the above-mentioned calibrated locations using an illuminometer.

[0120] (2) Test Records

[0121] During the light source stability verification test in a low-temperature environment (110K~323K), we first ensured that all testing equipment was in normal working condition. To ensure the accuracy of the test results, we conducted a comprehensive inspection and calibration of the light source system, optical power meter, temperature control equipment, and pressure control system to ensure that they could operate accurately throughout the entire test process.

[0122] Next, we connected the fiber optic system to the wide-temperature-range PSP light source system and precisely placed the fiber optic system's output port inside the high and low temperature experimental chamber. This step ensured the stability of the fiber optic system in the low-temperature environment and avoided the influence of external factors on the experiment.

[0123] After completing the equipment connection, we set the initial pressure of the test chamber to 0.1 MPa and turned on the light source. We used a lux meter to record the initial light source illuminance value, providing baseline data for subsequent pressure change tests.

[0124] Subsequently, we gradually increased the pressure inside the experimental chamber in increments of 0.1 MPa until it reached 0.45 MPa. After each pressure increase, we recorded the changes in illuminance from the light source and ensured that the light source operated stably for 180 minutes at each pressure point. During this period, we recorded the illuminance of the light source every 10 minutes to monitor the output stability of the light source under different pressure conditions in detail.

[0125] Through this series of tests, we meticulously recorded the illuminance variations of the light source under different temperature and pressure conditions. This data will be used in subsequent analysis to evaluate the stability and reliability of the light source system in extreme environments.

[0126] During the stability verification test in a low-temperature environment (110K~323K), multiple sets of actual measured data of the radiant power of the light source were recorded. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0127] Table 3. Stability Test Data Recording Table under Low Temperature (110K~323K) Environment

[0128]

[0129]

[0130] (3) Data analysis and processing

[0131] When analyzing the changes in light source illuminance during the temperature decrease process, we first fitted the illuminance data to temperature, obtaining a trend graph of light source illuminance changing with temperature, as shown in the figure below. Through the fitted curve, we can intuitively see the changes in light source illuminance at different temperatures. Next, we calculated the average irradiance at different temperatures. These average values ​​help us understand the overall illuminance level of the light source during the temperature change process. To further evaluate the stability of the light source illuminance data, we also calculated the standard deviation for each temperature point and, based on these data, calculated an illuminance stability index. The analysis of the standard deviation and stability index shows that the illuminance output of the light source has good consistency and stability throughout the entire temperature decrease process.

[0132] Once the temperature reached and stabilized at the target low temperature, we further analyzed the illuminance changes of the light source under constant temperature conditions. We fitted a graph using time as the x-axis and illuminance as the y-axis to obtain a trend chart of the light source's illuminance changing over time, as shown in the figure below. By calculating the average irradiance at different time points, we were able to further understand the illuminance output of the light source under constant low temperature conditions. Next, we also calculated the standard deviation and stability index at these time points to evaluate the output stability of the light source under constant temperature conditions.

[0133] Through long-term, repeated measurements and meticulous data processing, we obtained detailed performance indicators of the light source system under low-temperature conditions. The average irradiance, standard deviation, and radiant power of the data under low-temperature conditions are shown in Table 4.

[0134] Table 4. Calculation Results of Stability Test Data under Low Temperature (110K~323K) Environment

[0135]

[0136] These data include average irradiance values, standard deviation, and radiant power under different temperature and time conditions. Specifically, the average irradiance value reflects the overall light output level of the light source in a low-temperature environment, while the standard deviation reveals the consistency and fluctuation of the light source's output. Radiant power further provides information on the power output of the light source in a low-temperature environment, indicating its energy transfer capability under extreme temperature conditions.

[0137] These data allow us to comprehensively evaluate the stability and reliability of the light source system in low-temperature environments. Whether during gradual temperature decreases or during extended operation after the temperature has stabilized, the light source exhibits a high level of output stability. This result verifies the adaptability and durability of the light source system in harsh environments, providing strong data support for its reliable performance in practical applications.

[0138] Specific measurement results show that the average irradiance of the light source remains within the expected range and has a small standard deviation within a temperature range of 110K to 323K, indicating extremely low output fluctuation. Meanwhile, the radiant power measurement results further confirm the power output capability of the light source under low-temperature conditions, ensuring its effectiveness in these environments. In summary, the performance of the light source system in low-temperature environments not only meets the design requirements but also exceeds expectations to a certain extent, demonstrating its excellent stability and reliability.

[0139] (4) Result Evaluation

[0140] Based on the above data analysis, we can comprehensively evaluate the output stability of the light source system in a wide temperature range environment. The specific conclusions are as follows:

[0141] Temperature drop process:

[0142] As the temperature gradually decreased, the light source system exhibited excellent stability. Test results showed that as the temperature dropped from 323K to 110K, the average illuminance of the light source fluctuated only slightly, and the standard deviation remained at a low level. This indicates that the light source can effectively resist external environmental interference and maintain stable output during temperature changes. Specifically, the data shows that the light source's stability reached a minimum of 99.5% / h, meeting the expected target of 99.5% / h, further validating its reliability in extreme temperature-decreasing environments.

[0143] Temperature stabilization process:

[0144] When the temperature stabilized at the target low temperature of 110K, the light source system continued to exhibit excellent output stability. Under constant low-temperature conditions, the average illuminance fluctuation of the light source remained small, and the standard deviation remained within a very low range, demonstrating extremely high consistency and reliability. More importantly, the light source's stability under these stable low-temperature conditions reached a minimum of 99.51% / h, far exceeding the expected requirement of 99.5% / h. This indicates that the light source can maintain stable output not only during temperature decreases but also maintain excellent stability under prolonged constant-temperature low-temperature conditions.

[0145] In summary, the test results of the light source system over a wide temperature range, especially in extreme low-temperature environments, show that its output stability not only meets the expected targets but even exceeds the design requirements to a certain extent. This performance fully verifies the application potential of the light source system under various complex temperature conditions, providing a solid basis for its widespread application in practical applications. These results also demonstrate that the light source system has excellent environmental adaptability and can operate stably for a long time under extreme temperature conditions.

[0146] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wide-temperature-range integrated thermally protected low-temperature PSP excitation light source device, characterized in that, include: The light source unit, optical transmission module, and light output module; among them, The light source host is deployed in a room temperature environment to generate PSP and / or TSP excitation light; The optical transmission module contains optical fibers and includes a room temperature protection system deployed in a room temperature environment and a wide temperature range protection system deployed inside the wind tunnel. The light-emitting module consists of a fiber optic lens, which performs secondary light distribution and can adjust the light-emitting angle and spot size. It also has a pre-reserved air hole in the lens for anti-fogging design. The external protection system of the ambient temperature protection system is protected by a vacuum protection hose that is resistant to low temperature and high pressure, and a protective material that is resistant to low temperature and wear is wrapped around the outside of the vacuum protection hose. The wide temperature range protection system is externally protected by a vacuum protective hose that is resistant to low temperatures and high pressures, and the vacuum protective hose is wrapped with a protective material that is resistant to low temperatures and wear. The wide temperature range protection system is internally equipped with a heating hose and a temperature and pressure sensor for temperature compensation. The vacuum protective hose is a double-layer corrugated pipe, with the middle layer filled with a vacuum multilayer heat-insulating composite material. It is formed after vacuum welding to maintain a high vacuum state.

2. The wide-temperature-range integrated thermal protection low-temperature PSP excitation light source device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection between the ambient temperature protection system and the wide temperature range protection system is made by welding, and a movable flange is installed at the connection point. An expanded polytetrafluoroethylene gasket is placed between the flange and the outer wall of the chamber.

3. The wide-temperature-range integrated thermal protection low-temperature PSP excitation light source device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A movable flange is installed at the connection between the wide temperature range protection system and the light-emitting module. A light-emitting connector is installed on the inner wall of the occupancy chamber. An expanded polytetrafluoroethylene gasket is placed between the flange and the light-emitting connector.

4. The wide-temperature-range integrated thermal protection low-temperature PSP excitation light source device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-emitting module is equipped with a heating unit containing a temperature sensor, and a heating wire is wrapped around the heating unit to ensure that the fiber optic lens can work normally in a low-temperature environment.

5. The wide-temperature-range integrated thermal protection low-temperature PSP excitation light source device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The low-temperature environment is 110K to 323K.

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