Plate assembling method for fixed-size and through-size medium-thickness plates and blank length and design determining method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of plate assembling design, and discloses a plate assembling method of fixed-length and through-ruler medium-thickness plates and a blank length and design determining method.The plate assembling method comprises the steps that position coding is conducted on a plurality of sub-plates with the same cross section, and the mapping relation between the coding positions and lengths of the sub-plates and sub-plate type identifications is obtained; performing orthogonal conversion on a matrix corresponding to the mapping relation according to an ascending order of coding positions; constructing a sizing constraint condition according to the lengths of the plurality of daughter boards sequenced according to the coding positions and the upper limit of the length of the mother board; constructing a general ruler constraint condition according to the lengths of the plurality of daughter boards sequenced according to the coding positions, the daughter board type identifiers and the total length of the general ruler board; an objective function about the minimum residual material amount is constructed; and solving the objective function by adopting a meta-heuristic algorithm under a constraint condition so as to obtain a minimum residual material amount and a plate assembling mode. The invention provides a set of board assembling method which is wider in order data adaptability and quicker in arrangement, and the stability and efficiency of board assembling design can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of plate assembly design, and in particular to a plate assembly method for fixed-length through-length medium and thick plates, and a method for determining blank length and design. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for refined management at steel companies and the diversification of customer product requirements, steelmakers are increasingly flexible in their orders for medium and heavy plate, with higher requirements for smaller batches and a wider variety of steel grades and specifications. The diverse specifications of finished medium and heavy plate products place high demands on billet design for steelmaking, making billet design and matching more challenging than for other steel products.

[0003] Currently, domestic plate mills primarily rely on manual assembly methods and billet design. These processes involve selecting orders based on delivery dates and production compatibility, grouping them by specification and steel grade, and then using Excel spreadsheets to design plate assembly and steelmaking billets with the goal of minimizing excess material. This method relies on the experience of plate assembly and billet designers, is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and suffers from low stability. Furthermore, it lacks optimality guarantees, unable to minimize excess material and achieve optimal billet design. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for assembling fixed-length and through-length medium and thick plates, and a method for determining the blank length and design. It provides a set of fixed-length and through-length medium and thick plates assembly methods with wider adaptability to order data and faster arrangement, which can effectively improve the stability and efficiency of the assembly design.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for assembling fixed-length and full-length medium and thick plates, the method comprising: position encoding a plurality of sub-plates, and obtaining a mapping relationship between the encoding positions, lengths and sub-plate type identifiers of the plurality of sub-plates, wherein the plurality of sub-plates have the same cross-section, and the sub-plate type identifier comprises a first identifier representing the full-length and a second identifier representing the fixed-length; performing an orthogonal transformation on a matrix corresponding to the mapping relationship in ascending order of the encoding positions of the plurality of sub-plates to obtain the lengths of the plurality of sub-plates sorted by encoding positions; constructing a first fixed-length constraint condition based on the lengths of the plurality of sub-plates sorted by encoding positions and the upper limit of the mother plate length, wherein the first fixed-length constraint condition is that the sum of the lengths of the sub-plates in each first combination is less than or equal to the upper limit of the mother plate length, and the encoding position of the sub-plates in one of any two adjacent first combinations is before the encoding position of the sub-plates in the other combination; based on A full-length constraint is constructed based on the lengths and sub-board type identifiers of the plurality of sub-boards sorted by coding positions, and the total length of the full-length sub-boards in the plurality of sub-boards, wherein the full-length constraint requires that the sum of the lengths of the full-length sub-boards in the plurality of sub-boards is equal to the total length and the length of each full-length sub-board is within a preset range. An objective function for minimizing the amount of excess material is constructed based on the lower limit of the motherboard length, the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in each first combination, and the number of required motherboards, wherein the number of required motherboards is the number of the first combination. A metaheuristic algorithm is used to solve the objective function under the first fixed-length constraint and the full-length constraint to obtain a minimum amount of excess material and a panel assembly method corresponding to the minimum amount of excess material, wherein the panel assembly method includes a mapping relationship between the optimized coding positions and lengths of the plurality of sub-boards and a mapping relationship between each motherboard in the required motherboards and the optimized coding position of the sub-board in the corresponding first combination.

[0006] Through the above technical solution, the present invention creatively first performs position encoding on multiple sub-boards, and obtains a mapping relationship between the encoding positions, lengths and sub-board type identifiers of the multiple sub-boards, wherein the multiple sub-boards have the same cross-section, and the sub-board type identifier includes a first identifier representing a full length and a second identifier representing a fixed length; then, an orthogonal transformation is performed on the matrix corresponding to the mapping relationship according to the ascending order of the encoding positions of the multiple sub-boards to obtain the lengths of the multiple sub-boards sorted by the encoding positions; then, a first fixed length constraint is constructed based on the lengths of the multiple sub-boards sorted by the encoding positions and the upper limit of the motherboard length; further, a first fixed length constraint is constructed based on the lengths of the multiple sub-boards sorted by the encoding positions. The length and type identifier of the sub-plates, as well as the total length of the full-length sub-plates in the multiple sub-plates, are used to construct a full-length constraint condition; according to the lower limit of the mother plate length, the sum of the lengths of the sub-plates in each first combination, and the number of required mother plates, an objective function for minimizing the amount of excess material is constructed, wherein the number of required mother plates is the number of the first combination; finally, a meta-heuristic algorithm is used to solve the objective function under the first fixed-length constraint condition and the full-length constraint condition to obtain the minimum amount of excess material and a plate assembly method corresponding to the minimum amount of excess material. Therefore, the present invention provides a set of plate assembly methods for fixed-length and full-length medium and thick plates with wider adaptability to order data and faster arrangement, which can effectively improve the stability and efficiency of plate assembly design.

[0007] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for determining the length of a blank, the determination method comprising: obtaining a plate assembly method corresponding to a plurality of sub-plates according to the plate assembly method of the fixed-length and full-length medium and thick plates; determining the amount of residual material of each mother plate in the required mother plates according to the plate assembly method and the lower limit of the mother plate length; determining the length of each mother plate according to the amount of residual material of each mother plate in the required mother plates; and determining the blank length required for the plurality of sub-plates according to the length of each mother plate.

[0008] Preferably, the determination method further comprises: determining the yield rate of the motherboard according to the panel assembly method and the lower limit of the motherboard length.

[0009] A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for assembling fixed-length and full-length medium and thick plates and the method for determining the length of the blank are implemented.

[0010] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for assembling fixed-length and through-length medium and thick plates and the method for determining the length of a blank.

[0011] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following detailed description, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0013] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for assembling fixed-length and full-length medium and thick plates provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for constructing a one-dimensional steel billet mother plate design optimization algorithm and calculating its fitness, provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 This is an overall flow chart of the one-dimensional plate assembly optimization algorithm for fixed length and full length provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 This is the one-dimensional panel optimization algorithm encoding and decoding and calculation process provided by an embodiment of the present invention

[0017] Figure 5 This is a general flow chart of the one-dimensional assembly motherboard design optimization algorithm construction and fitness calculation method provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of a one-dimensional assembly stock steel slab motherboard design optimization algorithm construction and fitness calculation method provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a flow chart of a method for verifying and selecting the best one-dimensional steel billet to be produced provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 8 A flow chart of a particle swarm optimization algorithm for solving an optimal ratio solution under constraints provided by an embodiment of the present invention; and

[0021] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of an overall algorithm provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] The present invention is directed to the plate assembly process of fixed-length and through-length medium and thick plates. Fixed-length and through-length medium and thick plates (for example, thickness 4.5-25.0 mm) refer to sub-plates including fixed-length sub-plates and through-length sub-plates. Among them, fixed-length sub-plates are sub-plates whose length is cut according to the order length requirements; through-length sub-plates are non-fixed-length sub-plates, which are sub-plates with a fixed width but a sub-plate length that meets the order requirement range, and the total weight of the sub-plates meets the fixed value required by the order. The present invention fully considers various situations of billet design and one-dimensional plate assembly for orders of fixed-length and through-length medium and thick plates, including fixed-length plate assembly, sub-plate specification constraints, etc., considers inventory slabs, takes continuous casting machine equipment and process rules as billet design and plate assembly constraints, takes minimum excess material as optimization goal, and the overall algorithm adopts a meta-heuristic target optimization algorithm of secondary encoding and decoding to optimize the plate assembly model.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for assembling fixed-length and full-length medium and thick plates according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the plate assembly method includes: step S101, position encoding a plurality of sub-plates, and obtaining a mapping relationship between the encoding positions, lengths and sub-plate type identifiers of the plurality of sub-plates, wherein the plurality of sub-plates have the same cross-section, and the sub-plate type identifier includes a first identifier representing a full length and a second identifier representing a fixed length; step S102, performing an orthogonal transformation on a matrix corresponding to the mapping relationship in ascending order of the encoding positions of the plurality of sub-plates to obtain the lengths of the plurality of sub-plates sorted by encoding positions; step S103, constructing a first fixed length constraint condition based on the lengths of the plurality of sub-plates sorted by encoding positions and an upper limit of the motherboard length, wherein the first fixed length constraint condition is that the sum of the lengths of the sub-plates in each first combination is less than or equal to the upper limit of the motherboard length, and the encoding position of the sub-plates in one of any two adjacent first combinations is before the encoding position of the sub-plates in the other combination; step S104, A full-length constraint is constructed based on the lengths and sub-board type identifiers of the plurality of sub-boards sorted by coding positions, and the total length of the full-length sub-boards in the plurality of sub-boards, wherein the full-length constraint is that the sum of the lengths of the full-length sub-boards in the plurality of sub-boards is equal to the total length. Step S105: An objective function for minimizing the amount of residual material is constructed based on the lower limit of the motherboard length, the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in each first combination, and the number of required motherboards, wherein the number of required motherboards is the number of the first combination. Step S106: A metaheuristic algorithm is used to solve the objective function under the first fixed-length constraint and the full-length constraint to obtain a minimum amount of residual material and a panel assembly method corresponding to the minimum amount of residual material, wherein the panel assembly method includes a mapping relationship between the optimized coding positions and lengths of the plurality of sub-boards and a mapping relationship between each motherboard in the required motherboards and the optimized coding position of the sub-board in the corresponding first combination.

[0025] The following explains and illustrates each of the above steps.

[0026] Step S101 : Position coding is performed on a plurality of daughter boards, and a mapping relationship between the coding positions and lengths of the plurality of daughter boards and daughter board type identifiers is obtained.

[0027] The sections of the plurality of sub-boards are the same, and the sub-board type identification includes a first identification indicating a full-length and a second identification indicating a fixed length. Indicates the type identification of the i-th sub-board, when sizing When the ruler

[0028] Wherein, the sub-plates are plastic plates, steel plates, etc. In one embodiment, the plurality of sub-plates are steel plates, and the steel type and cross-section of the plurality of sub-plates are the same.

[0029] For example, for a fixed-length or full-length medium and thick plate order, after order screening, the sub-plate set to be assembled is I. First, the sub-plates of each order are screened and combined. Sub-plates with the same steel grade and the same section (same thickness requirement, same width requirement) are put into the same subset, for a total of n I For different subsets, the board grouping process is independent of each other, and then, for the same subset I k In various embodiments of the present invention, the process of assembling fixed-length and full-length medium and thick plates can be described by taking multiple sub-plates in any subset as an example. The execution process is the same between different subsets.

[0030] Perform position coding on multiple sub-boards. After coding is completed, the overall position coding is obtained:

[0031] [x1,x2,…,x n ]

[0032] Wherein, n is the number of the plurality of sub-boards.

[0033] Map it to the sub-board length according to the coding relationship, and at the same time map whether it is a through-the-rule sub-board, and get a 3*n-dimensional coding mapping relationship matrix:

[0034]

[0035] in Corresponding to the type identification of the i-th sub-board, when sizing When the ruler

[0036] Step S102 : performing an orthogonal transformation on the matrix corresponding to the mapping relationship in ascending order of the coding positions of the plurality of sub-boards to obtain the lengths of the plurality of sub-boards sorted by coding positions.

[0037] Press x i Orthogonal transformation of matrix A in ascending order, matrix A is transformed into:

[0038]

[0039] in Satisfied with The general principle of position coding is to prioritize the assembly of the stock steel billet master plate after the matrix A is converted. After the assembly of the master plate of the stock steel billet is completed, the assembly of the master plate of the steel billet to be produced and the design of the billet are carried out.

[0040] During the orthogonal conversion process, the order of the sub-boards will not be changed, and the coding positions of the multiple sub-boards will only be sorted in ascending order.

[0041] Step S103 : constructing a first length constraint condition according to the lengths of the plurality of daughter boards sorted by the coding positions and the upper limit of the mother board length.

[0042] The first length constraint condition is that the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in each first combination is less than or equal to the upper limit of the motherboard length, and the encoding position of the sub-boards in one of any two adjacent first combinations is before the encoding position of the sub-boards in the other combination.

[0043] For the first length constraint, each first combination corresponds to a motherboard, and the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards corresponding to each first combination cannot exceed the upper limit of the motherboard length. In addition, the plurality of sub-boards sorted by coding position can be divided into a plurality of adjacent first combinations in sequence according to the position sorting, for example, The daughter board at is divided into combination 1, which corresponds to motherboard 1; The daughter board at is divided into group 2, which corresponds to mother board 2, and so on.

[0044] Step S104 : constructing a through-rule constraint condition according to the lengths and type identifiers of the plurality of sub-boards sorted by coding positions, and the total length of the through-rule sub-boards in the plurality of sub-boards.

[0045] The through-rule constraint condition is that the sum of the lengths of the through-rule sub-boards in the plurality of sub-boards is equal to the total length and the length of each through-rule sub-board is within a preset range.

[0046] For the full-length constraint, it can be set accordingly according to the full-length definition. Full-length sub-boards are non-fixed-length sub-boards, which are sub-boards with a fixed width but a sub-board length that meets the order requirements.

[0047] Step S105 : constructing an objective function for minimizing the amount of excess material based on the lower limit of the motherboard length, the sum of the lengths of the daughterboards in each first combination, and the number of required motherboards.

[0048] The number of motherboards required is the number of the first combination. That is, each daughter board in the first combination corresponds to a motherboard, that is, the corresponding motherboard is used to cut the daughter boards in the corresponding first combination.

[0049] Regarding steps S103 - S105 , in the first type of embodiment, the case where there is no motherboard in stock is considered.

[0050] The first fixed length constraint condition is constructed by: according to the length of the i-th sub-board in the j-th first combination sorted by the coding position And the upper limit of the motherboard length l ub , construct the following first sizing constraint:

[0051]

[0052] Among them, n j is the number of sub-boards in the j-th first combination, m is the number of the first combinations, The length margin of the motherboard.

[0053] The constraint condition for constructing the rule includes: according to the length of the i-th sub-plate in the j-th first combination sorted by the coding position Daughterboard type identification and the total length l of the plurality of sub-boards I , construct the following rule constraints:

[0054]

[0055] Among them, for the fixed-size plate, For the ruler board, l i,lb 、l i,ub are the lower limit and upper limit of the length of the i-th sub-board in the j-th first combination respectively.

[0056] Accordingly, the objective function of minimizing the amount of excess material is constructed as follows: lb , the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in the j-th first combination As well as the number m of motherboards required, the following objective function for minimizing the amount of excess material is constructed:

[0057]

[0058] Among them, ∈(x) represents the ReLU function, that is,

[0059] The upper and lower limits of the motherboard length can be determined through the constraint relationship. The process is as follows:

[0060] According to the limitations of continuous casting machines and production equipment, the lower limit of billet production length is l B lb , the upper limit of length is l B ub , then the lower limit of the length of the motherboard of the kth group of sections is:

[0061]

[0062] The upper limit of the length of the motherboard of the kth group of sections is:

[0063]

[0064] where h k,B represents the slab thickness of the blank corresponding to the k-th group of section sub-slabs, w k,B The width of the slab corresponding to the blank design of the k-th group of section sub-slabs, l k,B The length of the blank corresponding to the blank design of the k-th group of cross-section sub-plates, h k,S Indicates the thickness of the motherboard corresponding to the k-group cross-section daughter board, w k,S Indicates the width of the motherboard corresponding to the k-group cross-section daughter board, l k,S Indicates the length of the motherboard corresponding to the k-group cross-section daughter board, Indicates the slab cutting gap value, Indicates the thickness margin of the motherboard corresponding to the daughterboard of group k sections, Indicates the width margin of the motherboard corresponding to the k-group cross-section daughter board. Indicates the motherboard length margin (the motherboard length margin is generally not related to the cross section), They represent the lower limit of thickness tolerance and width tolerance of the order corresponding to the kth group of cross-section sub-plates, respectively. B lb 、l B ub Indicates the lower and upper limits of slab production length.

[0065] Of course, since each embodiment of the present invention is described by taking only the sub-boards in the kth subset (ie, the kth group of cross-section sub-boards) as an example, the l in the present invention is lb k 、l ub k 、h k,B 、w k,B 、l k,B 、h k,S 、w k,S 、l k,S 、 etc. respectively with l lb 、l ub 、h B 、w B 、l B 、h S、w S 、l S 、 etc. have the same meaning.

[0066] Through the above process, the algorithm fitness function (i.e., objective function) and constraints can be determined as follows:

[0067]

[0068] Of course, the total number of daughter boards does not exceed the total number threshold, and the specific determination method is the same as the corresponding description in other embodiments below.

[0069] Step S106 , using a meta-heuristic algorithm to solve the objective function under the first fixed-length constraint and the full-length constraint to obtain a minimum amount of residual material and a panel assembly method corresponding to the minimum amount of residual material.

[0070] The board grouping method includes: a mapping relationship between the optimized coding positions and lengths of the plurality of daughter boards and a mapping relationship between each motherboard in the required motherboards and the optimized coding positions of the daughter boards in the corresponding first combination.

[0071] The meta-heuristic algorithm is any one of the following: genetic algorithm, particle swarm algorithm, ant colony algorithm, ocean predator algorithm, fireworks algorithm, or simulated annealing algorithm.

[0072] Since this problem is an NP-hard problem and cannot be solved by analytical algorithms, the MetaHeuristic Algorithm combines a random algorithm with a local search algorithm to balance the local optimal solution with the global optimal solution, thereby effectively solving the combinatorial optimization problem. The specific solution process can be found in Figure 2 shown.

[0073] In steps S103-S105, in the second embodiment, the presence of stock billets is considered. Stock billets are preferentially used to produce motherboards, and the length of the motherboards produced from stock is determined. During the calculation process, the length constraint for the motherboard during plate assembly is that the sum of the lengths of its corresponding sub-boards must be less than or equal to the motherboard length. Unlike non-stock billets for which billet design is required, the non-stock billets for which billet design is required can have a certain length control range based on the continuous casting process constraints, and the corresponding motherboards also have a certain length control range. Therefore, when assembling sub-plates, for mother plates rolled from inventory steel billets, the assembly will be carried out with the goal of minimizing residual material and the constraint that the total length of the sub-plates does not exceed the length of the mother plate; for non-inventory steel billets to be used for billet design as mother plates, the sub-plates will be combined as much as possible to have a total length within the controllable length range of the mother plate according to actual conditions, so as to minimize residual material. For sub-plate combinations that cannot be formed into a length within the controllable length range of the mother plate, the assembly calculation will be carried out with the goal of minimizing the difference between the lower limit of the mother plate length and the total length of the sub-plates and the constraint that the total length of the sub-plates does not exceed the upper limit of the mother plate length.

[0074] After sorting the coding positions of the plurality of sub-boards (i.e., step S102), the panel assembly method further includes: in the case where there is a stock mother board with the same cross-section as the plurality of sub-boards, constructing a second sizing constraint condition based on the lengths of the sub-boards in a second preset number of second combinations of the plurality of sub-boards sorted by coding position and the length of each stock mother board in the second preset number of stock mother boards, wherein the second sizing constraint condition is that the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in each second combination is less than or equal to the length of the corresponding stock mother board, and the coding position of the sub-board in one of any two adjacent second combinations is before the coding position of the sub-board in the other combination; A first fixed-length constraint condition is constructed based on the lengths of the other sub-boards sorted by coding position and the upper limit of the motherboard length, wherein the first fixed-length constraint condition is that the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in each first combination is less than or equal to the upper limit of the motherboard length, the coding position of the sub-board in one of any two adjacent first combinations is before the coding position of the sub-board in the other combination, and the coding position of the sub-board in the second combination is before the coding position of the sub-board in the first combination; based on the lengths and sub-board type identifiers of the second preset number of sub-boards in the plurality of sub-boards sorted by coding position, the lengths and sub-board type identifiers of the other sub-boards sorted by coding position, and The total length of the full-length sub-boards in the plurality of sub-boards is used to construct a full-length constraint condition, wherein the full-length constraint condition is that the sum of the lengths of the full-length sub-boards in the plurality of sub-boards is equal to the total length; a number constraint condition is constructed based on the total number threshold of full-length sub-boards and the total number of fixed-length sub-boards, wherein the number constraint condition is a condition on the total number of sub-boards, and the total number of sub-boards does not exceed the total number threshold; an objective function for the minimum amount of waste material is constructed based on the lower limit of the motherboard length, the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in each first combination, the number of required motherboards, the length of each stock motherboard, the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in each second combination, and the second preset number, wherein the number of required motherboards is The first number of combinations and the number of required motherboards in stock are the second number of combinations; and a meta-heuristic algorithm is used to solve the objective function under the first fixed-length constraint, the second fixed-length constraint, the full-length constraint and the number constraint to obtain the minimum amount of residual material and a panel assembly method corresponding to the minimum amount of residual material, wherein the panel assembly method includes: the number of required motherboards, the mapping relationship between the optimized encoding positions and lengths of the multiple sub-boards, the mapping relationship between each motherboard in the required motherboards and the optimized position of the corresponding sub-board in the first combination, and the mapping relationship between each motherboard in the required motherboards in stock and the optimized position of the corresponding sub-board in the second combination.

[0075] The second length constraint condition is for stock motherboards, which is similar to the first length constraint condition for non-stock motherboards. Each second combination corresponds to a stock motherboard, and the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards corresponding to each second combination cannot exceed the upper limit of the stock motherboard length. In addition, the multiple sub-boards sorted by coding position can be divided into multiple adjacent first combinations according to the position sorting, for example, The daughter board at is divided into combination 1, which corresponds to the inventory motherboard 1; The daughter board at is divided into group 2, which corresponds to the stock mother board 2, and so on.

[0076] Specifically, the second length constraint condition is constructed as follows: according to the length of the i-th sub-board in the j-th second combination of the plurality of sub-boards sorted by the coding position, and the length of the jth stock motherboard Construct the following second sizing constraint:

[0077]

[0078] in, is the number of sub-boards in the j-th second combination, p is the second preset number, The length margin of the motherboard.

[0079] If the stock motherboard is not enough to cut multiple daughter boards in the kth subset, it is necessary to continue to use non-stock motherboards. For example, if the number of stock motherboards that meet the steel type and section requirements (i.e., their steel type and section are the same as those of the daughter boards) is p, the number of daughter boards corresponding to the jth stock motherboard is Then from the The daughter boards after the first daughter board are cut from non-stock mother boards. The daughter boards after the first daughter board are then divided into different combinations according to the coding position, and each combination corresponds to a non-stock mother board.

[0080] Specifically, the first length constraint condition is constructed as follows: according to the length of the i-th sub-board in the j-th first combination sorted by the coding position And the upper limit of the motherboard length l ub , construct the following first sizing constraint:

[0081]

[0082] Among them, n j is the number of sub-boards in the j-th first combination, m is the number of the first combinations, The length margin of the motherboard.

[0083] For the full-length constraint, the sum of the lengths of all full-length boards in each combination of the non-inventory motherboard and the full-length boards in each combination of the inventory motherboard can be determined, and the sum of the determined lengths does not exceed the total length l I .

[0084] Specifically, the construction of the rule constraint condition includes: according to the length of the i-th sub-board in the j-th second combination of the plurality of sub-boards sorted by the coding position Daughterboard type identification The length of the i-th sub-plate in the j-th first combination sorted by encoding position Daughterboard type identification and the total length l of the plurality of sub-boards I , construct the following rule constraints:

[0085]

[0086] Among them, for the fixed-size plate, and For the ruler board, and l x,lb 、l x,ub , are the lower and upper limits of the length of the x-th sub-board respectively, or

[0087] Specifically, the construction number constraint condition includes: according to the total number threshold n of the ruler board I Total number of fixed-size boards n F , construct the following constraints on the total number of sub-boards n:

[0088] n I +n F ≥n,

[0089] Among them, n I +n F is the total number threshold, where n I 、n F They are the total number threshold of full-size plates and the total number of fixed-size plates, which can be determined by order requirements.

[0090] The total number of fixed-size boards is n according to the order requirements F The total number threshold of the ruler board (i.e. the set total number) is calculated based on the total order quantity requirement:

[0091]

[0092] Where s is the total number of specifications of the ruler board, l j,lbIndicates the lower limit of the length requirement of the j-th type of through-rule plate, W is the total weight of the j-th type of through-rule plate, M is the weight per meter of the steel grade, h S Indicates the thickness of the motherboard, w S Indicates the width of the motherboard.

[0093] Accordingly, the objective function of minimizing the amount of excess material is constructed as follows: lb , the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in the j-th first combination The number of motherboards required (m) and the length of the jth motherboard in stock The sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in the j-th second combination The second preset number p is used to construct an objective function for the minimum amount of residual material:

[0094]

[0095] On the basis of the above embodiment, the objective function of minimizing the amount of excess material is constructed as follows: according to the lower limit of the motherboard length l lb , the length of the i-th sub-board in the j-th first combination The number of motherboards required (m) and the length of the jth motherboard in stock The length of the i-th sub-board in the j-th second combination The second preset number p is used to construct an objective function for the minimum amount of residual material:

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] in, is the difference between the length of the i-th sub-board and the corresponding lower limit,

[0099]

[0100] in, Indicates the lower limit of the length of the x-th sub-board, x is or Specifically, the objective function and constraints are as follows:

[0101] min f(x) (see formula (1))

[0102]

[0103] n I +n F ≥n

[0104]

[0105] Before executing step S101, some sub-boards may also be coded for specifications. The combination of a large number of specification coding methods with the position coding method greatly reduces the dimension of the input variables and greatly improves the algorithm convergence speed and optimization effect.

[0106] The board assembly method also includes: dividing the sub-boards of the multiple sub-boards with the same length into the same subset to obtain multiple subsets; obtaining the number of sub-boards in each subset of the multiple subsets, and sorting the multiple subsets in descending order according to the number of sub-boards; for subsets other than the subset ranked first, performing specification encoding on the sub-boards in each subset; and decoding the specification-encoded sub-boards.

[0107] Accordingly, the position coding of the plurality of sub-boards includes: using the obtained x j Position coding is performed on the daughter boards that have been subjected to specification coding among the plurality of daughter boards; and position coding is performed on the daughter boards that have not been subjected to specification coding.

[0108] The specification encoding of the sub-boards in each subset includes: for the first-ranked subset, using x0 and C0 to encode the sub-boards in the subset, where C0 represents the interval between each sub-board and is a fixed constant; for the second-ranked subset, using [λ1] to encode the sub-boards in the subset, where λ1 represents the interval between each sub-board; for the third-ranked subset, using [λ2,ξ2] to encode the sub-boards in the subset, where λ2,ξ2 represent the interval between each sub-board and the starting position of the first sub-board in the subset respectively; for the fourth-ranked subset, using Encode the sub-boards in this subset, where λ3,ξ3, Respectively represent the interval between each sub-board, the The additional distance between each sub-board and the previous sub-board, the sub-board number; for the subset ranked i+1, use Encode the sub-boards in this subset, where λ i ,ξ i , Respectively represent the interval between each sub-board, the Sub-board, sub-board, ..., The additional distance between each sub-board and the previous sub-board, and the serial number of the separated sub-board, where i ≥ 4.

[0109] The decoding of the specification-encoded daughter board includes:

[0110] For the first-ranked subset, use x0 and C0 to decode the sub-boards in the subset to obtain the position of the j-th sub-board:

[0111] x j =x0+C0*j,

[0112] Where x0 is the position of the jth sub-board and j = 0. That is, for the sub-board ranked 1st, position encoding is performed using a fixed interval method with 0 as the initial sub-board as the main method;

[0113] For the second-ranked subset, [λ1] and the following formula are used to decode the sub-boards in the subset to obtain the position of the j-th sub-board:

[0114] x j =x0+λ1*j;

[0115] For the subset ranked third, [λ2,ξ2] and the following formula are used to decode the sub-boards in the subset to obtain the position of the j-th sub-board:

[0116] x j =ξ2+λ2*j;

[0117] For the 4th ranked subset, use And the following formula is used to decode the sub-boards in the subset to obtain the position of the j-th sub-board:

[0118]

[0119] For the subset ranked i+1 (i≥4), use And the following formula is used to decode the sub-boards in the subset to obtain the position of the j-th sub-board:

[0120]

[0121] Where q = 1, 2, ..., i-2. Except for x0 and C0, all other parameters are dynamically configured.

[0122] That is to say, are all real numbers. Taking the fifth ranked subset as an example, if the encoding in and but and When j = 1, x1 = λ4 + ξ4; when the value of j satisfies 2≤j<5, x j =λ4*j+2*ξ4; when the value of j satisfies j≥5, x j =λ4*j+5*ξ4.

[0123] When i≥4, the sub-board can be first determined according to its serial number p and the following formula to determine which ranked subset it belongs to (for example, the subset ranked i+1th), and then the parameter λ can be determined: i ,ξi The value of ; then determine the jth sub-board in the group The value of .

[0124] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown, filter subset I by specification k The sub-boards of the same length are grouped together, and the sub-boards that meet the requirements (i.e., the larger group) are coded. The specification coding method dynamically codes the number of sub-boards coded by the specification. After the specification coding, the sub-board subset I k It is divided into a sub-board set without specification coding (i.e., a smaller group) and a sub-board set with specification coding (i.e., a larger group). Corresponding daughter board quantity A collection of daughterboards for specification coding The number of groups it contains (i.e. the number of sub-board specifications) is The i-th group contains the number of sub-boards

[0125] The specific encoding steps include:

[0126] 1. Sort the sub-boards of the same specification (sub-boards of the same length) with the same symbol specification code in reverse order according to the number, and put the sub-board subset I k It is divided into a sub-board set without specification coding (i.e., a smaller group) and a sub-board set with specification coding (i.e., a larger group). Corresponding daughter board quantity A collection of daughterboards for specification coding The number of groups it contains (i.e. the number of sub-board specifications) is The i-th group contains the number of sub-boards

[0127] 2. Select the largest number of daughterboards of the same specification No dynamic specification encoding is performed, only a fixed initial position and fixed spacing are initially given; the second largest number of sub-boards of the same specification are selected Code [λ1], select the third largest number of sub-boards of the same specification Code [λ2,ξ2], select the fourth largest number of sub-boards of the same specification coding Select the fifth largest daughterboard set of the same specification coding ..., select the last sub-board set coding in For any i, j, j+2≤i,

[0128] 3. For daughter boards that are not coded with specifications Position coding is performed. The coding method maps the length of the sub-board to the position coding according to the sub-board position sequence. The sub-boards that have been coded are further coded. For example, the i+1th group of coded sub-boards is The number of daughter boards in this group is You need to first use the above description to perform decoding, and then use the decoded position to perform position encoding.

[0129] like Figure 4 As shown, the meta-heuristic algorithm is used to calculate dimensional vector as input to the algorithm:

[0130]

[0131] First, encode the input and then decode the input. The corresponding specification decoding results are:

[0132]

[0133] satisfy

[0134]

[0135] The total number of position codes decoded is:

[0136]

[0137] Position-encode the section:

[0138] x i =x j

[0139] To position-code all daughterboards that are not size-coded:

[0140]

[0141] satisfy

[0142] where x N i Indicates the location of the daughterboard without size coding.

[0143] After the encoding is completed, the overall position encoding is obtained:

[0144] [x1,x2,…,x n ]

[0145] Where n is the total number of sub-plates of this specification, and n satisfies:

[0146] n I +n F ≥n,

[0147]

[0148] Map it to the length of the sub-board according to the coding relationship, and at the same time map whether it is a through-the-rule sub-board, and get a 3-n dimensional coding mapping relationship matrix:

[0149]

[0150] in Corresponding to the type identification of the i-th sub-board, when sizing When the ruler

[0151] Press x i Orthogonal transformation of matrix A in ascending order, matrix A is transformed into:

[0152]

[0153] in Satisfied with The general principle of position coding is to prioritize the assembly of the stock steel billet master plate after the matrix A is converted. After the assembly of the master plate of the stock steel billet is completed, the assembly of the master plate of the steel billet to be produced and the design of the billet are carried out.

[0154] After position encoding, such as Figure 4 As shown, a matrix A about the mapping relationship between position and length is obtained, the sub-boards are sorted in ascending order of position (ie, A is orthogonally transformed), and then the fitness is determined and corresponding calculations are performed according to the above method.

[0155] The overall construction principle of the fitness function: 1. According to the converted matrix 1. Prioritize the calculation of the remaining materials corresponding to the inventory steel billets; 2. After all the plate assembly and remaining material calculation of the mother plates corresponding to the inventory steel billets are completed, continue the plate assembly, remaining material calculation and billet design of the mother plates corresponding to the steel billets to be produced; 3. Under the premise of satisfying the mother plate length constraint conditions, the second optimization goal of the plate assembly is to minimize the total number of mother plates and steel billets.

[0156] The algorithm fitness function construction and fitness calculation method process are as follows Figure 5The core of the algorithm is to construct a fitness function through decoding based on the encoded sub-plate encoding mapping relationship matrix. This method prioritizes the calculation of the assembly and residual material of the corresponding motherboard of the inventory blank during decoding to minimize the uncertainty caused by the assembly of the sub-plates of the blanks to be produced. At the same time, during the assembly process of each motherboard, when a motherboard assembly position contains a full-length sub-plate, a motherboard assembly margin pool is established. First, the full-length plate is calculated according to the lower limit of the length, and the controllable margin of the full-length plate is stored in the assembly margin pool. When the assembly of the corresponding sub-plate of the motherboard achieves the goal of minimizing residual material and minimizing the number of blanks, the margin in the assembly margin pool is taken and the full-length plate length is determined.

[0157] The algorithm prioritizes the design and assembly of motherboards for stock billets. The overall process and its related fitness function construction and calculation process are as follows: Figure 6 shown.

[0158] After the utilization of the inventory steel billets is completed, the algorithm continues to calculate the assembly of the motherboard corresponding to the billet to be produced. This part of the input inherits the sub-plate coding mapping relationship matrix that has participated in the calculation, and continues to calculate the assembly of the sub-plates that have not yet started assembly. It follows the construction process and processing method of the full-scale sub-plate margin pool. When all the full-scale plates are assembled (meeting the order weight requirements), the motherboard containing the full-scale plate is checked for residual materials, and the motherboard containing residual materials in the verification results is optimized for margin allocation; after the margin allocation optimization is completed and all the sub-plates of the section are assembled, the objective function is constructed and calculated. The flowchart of this part of the process and fitness calculation method is as follows. Figure 2 shown.

[0159] Through the above process, the algorithm fitness function (i.e., objective function) and constraints can be determined as follows:

[0160]

[0161] n I +n F ≥n,

[0162]

[0163] When the above equation is obtained, the meta-heuristic algorithm is used to solve it.

[0164] For the main process algorithm, this patent proposes a result verification and optimization algorithm. Based on the general process of the core algorithm, the optimization algorithm uses the method of increasing dimensions to process the encoding and mapping matrix construction of the ruler board. The algorithm can be effectively applied to scenarios with a small number of ruler boards.

[0165] The main idea of ​​the method is to expand the dimension of the algorithm input based on the main process algorithm:

[0166]

[0167] in common A parameter, representing the difference between the length of the kth group of cross-section ruler plate and the lower limit of the ruler order length requirement. The maximum number of sub-boards obtained by initialization calculation for the k-th group of section orders.

[0168] During the calculation process, the margin pool processing and selection of the full-length order are not performed. During decoding, the fitness function is directly constructed and calculated according to the input parameters. Taking the steel billet to be produced as an example, the process is as follows Figure 7 shown.

[0169] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the algorithm process for k-order plate grouping of sections is as follows: 1. Each group of algorithms first initializes the relevant data of the group, including the fixed-length order requirements and full-length order requirements corresponding to the section and steel grade, matching the cutting amount and length, width and thickness allowances; 2. The fixed-length sub-plates and full-length sub-plates are classified and screened, and the sub-plates that meet the quantity requirements are coded with specifications; 3. The sub-plates with specification coding and the sub-plates without specification coding are position-coded respectively according to the corresponding method; 4. The coding mapping matrix is ​​constructed, the matrix is ​​orthogonally transformed, the fitness function is constructed by decoding and solved by the meta-heuristic algorithm, and the plate grouping result is obtained after iterative optimization; 5. The docking results are verified and calculated, and the optimization is selected by comparison; 6. The yield rate of the plate grouping result is calculated, and the billet design is carried out at the same time.

[0170] This invention fully considers various situations and constraints in the design of blanks and one-dimensional assembly for orders of medium and thick plate and full-length sub-plates, including fixed-length assembly, full-length assembly, combined assembly, and sub-plate specification constraints. It also considers inventory slabs, uses continuous casting equipment and process rules as blank design and assembly constraints, and takes minimizing excess material as the optimization goal. The overall algorithm uses a meta-heuristic target optimization algorithm with secondary encoding and decoding to optimize the assembly model. The core solution of the problem is solved using a meta-heuristic algorithm, and the encoding and decoding of sub-plate specifications for a large number of the same specifications greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of the algorithm.

[0171] In summary, the present invention creatively first performs position encoding on a plurality of sub-boards, and obtains a mapping relationship between the encoding positions, lengths and sub-board type identifiers of the plurality of sub-boards, wherein the plurality of sub-boards have the same cross-section, and the sub-board type identifier includes a first identifier representing a full length and a second identifier representing a fixed length; then, an orthogonal transformation is performed on a matrix corresponding to the mapping relationship in ascending order of the encoding positions of the plurality of sub-boards to obtain the lengths of the plurality of sub-boards sorted by encoding positions; then, a first fixed length constraint is constructed based on the lengths of the plurality of sub-boards sorted by encoding positions and the upper limit of the motherboard length; further, a first fixed length constraint is constructed based on the lengths of the plurality of sub-boards sorted by encoding positions and the upper limit of the motherboard length; The sub-plate type identifier and the total length of the through-length sub-plates in the multiple sub-plates are used to construct a through-length constraint condition; according to the lower limit of the mother plate length, the sum of the lengths of the sub-plates in each first combination, and the number of required mother plates, an objective function for minimizing the amount of excess material is constructed, wherein the number of required mother plates is the number of the first combination; finally, under the first fixed-length constraint condition and the through-length constraint condition, a meta-heuristic algorithm is used to solve the objective function to obtain the minimum amount of excess material and a plate assembly method corresponding to the minimum amount of excess material. Therefore, the present invention provides a set of plate assembly methods for fixed-length and through-length medium and thick plates with wider adaptability to order data and faster arrangement, which can effectively improve the stability and efficiency of plate assembly design.

[0172] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining the length of a blank, the method comprising: obtaining a plate assembly method corresponding to a plurality of sub-plates according to the plate assembly method for fixed-length and full-length medium and thick plates, wherein the plurality of sub-plates are steel plates; determining the amount of excess material of each mother plate in the required mother plates according to the plate assembly method and the lower limit of the mother plate length; determining the length of each mother plate according to the amount of excess material of each mother plate in the required mother plates; and determining the blank length required for the plurality of sub-plates according to the length of each mother plate.

[0173] The board grouping method includes: a mapping relationship between the optimized coding positions and lengths of the plurality of daughter boards and a mapping relationship between each motherboard in the required motherboards and the optimized coding positions of the daughter boards in the corresponding first combination.

[0174] In one embodiment, the determination method further includes: determining a yield rate of the motherboard according to the panel assembly method and a lower limit of the motherboard length.

[0175] Specifically, the sub-boards are encoded and decoded, orthogonally transformed, and a sub-board matrix is ​​constructed; a group of equations is formed based on the matrix; the panel assembly method can be determined based on the group of equations; based on the panel assembly method, the amount of residual material of each motherboard corresponding to each group of sub-boards can be determined, and based on the residual material of each motherboard, the length of each motherboard is determined; and then the blank length is determined based on the length of each motherboard.

[0176] First, when the amount of excess material is determined to be the smallest, the length of each motherboard can be determined according to the amount of excess material of each motherboard, and then the length l of the motherboard required for multiple daughter boards can be calculated. S (Also can be expressed as l k,S ).

[0177] Then, according to the following relationship between the steelmaking slab and the mother plate, the corresponding billet length can be determined as:

[0178]

[0179] where h k,B represents the slab thickness of the blank corresponding to the k-th group of section sub-slabs, w k,B The width of the slab corresponding to the blank design of the k-th group of section sub-slabs, l k,B The length of the blank corresponding to the blank design of the k-th group of cross-section sub-plates, h k,S Indicates the thickness of the motherboard corresponding to the k-group cross-section daughter board, w k,S Indicates the width of the motherboard corresponding to the k-group cross-section daughter board, l k,S Indicates the length of the motherboard corresponding to the k-group cross-section daughter board, Indicates the slab cutting gap value, Indicates the thickness margin of the motherboard corresponding to the daughterboard of group k sections, Indicates the width margin of the motherboard corresponding to the k-group cross-section daughter board. Indicates the motherboard length margin (the motherboard length margin is generally not related to the cross section), Indicates the lower limit of the thickness tolerance of the order corresponding to the k-th group of section sub-plates (which is generally less than or equal to 0), is the length of the jth stock motherboard. Other parameters can be found in the above description.

[0180] The motherboard design and blank design are carried out according to the one-dimensional panel optimization results. Specifically, after the sub-panel panel is assembled by the meta-heuristic algorithm, the corresponding relationship between each sub-panel and the corresponding motherboard can be determined. In other words, the corresponding relationship between each sub-panel and the corresponding motherboard can be determined. and

[0181] Yield rate:

[0182]

[0183] Because production must at least be based on the lower limit of the motherboard length, if the assembly length is greater than or equal to the lower limit of the motherboard length, it is calculated based on the assembly length. If it is less than the lower limit of the motherboard length, it is calculated based on the lower limit of the motherboard length. Therefore, max() is used in the first term of the denominator of the above formula.

[0184] Wherein, n is the number of the plurality of sub-boards, and n satisfies the following formula:

[0185]

[0186] This method can be used to complete all motherboard designs and blank designs corresponding to the order.

[0187] Application and implementation in steel plant medium and heavy plate plant, such as Figure 9 The specific steps are as follows:

[0188] Establish a one-dimensional plate grouping and billet design optimization system based on medium and thick plates. 1. Connect to the ERP system or production and sales system to obtain medium and thick plate order information; 2. Screen and combine the sub-plates of each order, and put the sub-plates with the same steel grade and the same cross-section into the same group; 3. Connect to the MES system to obtain the inventory information of the stored steel and select the stored steel plate billets to be used; 4. Perform grouping arrangement: calculate the billet length constraint for the sub-plate group, calculate the mother plate length constraint based on the billet length constraint, then perform specification coding on the sub-plate group, and perform position coding on the sub-plates with the specification coding. 5. Establish a coding mapping relationship matrix for the position-coded sub-plates, and perform an orthogonal transformation on the coding mapping relationship matrix; 6. Construct and calculate the fitness function according to the principle of inventory billet priority, and then optimize the sub-plate grouping through the meta-heuristic algorithm. The optimization result is verified by secondary calculation to obtain the final optimization result of the group, and then the optimization result is decoded by position and specification to obtain the grouping result; 7. Traverse step 6 to calculate all grouping results; 8. Perform mother plate design and yield rate calculation; 9. Perform billet design for the billet to be produced.

[0189] In a feasible specific implementation, the meta-heuristic algorithm uses variable coefficient particles with compression factors.

[0190] According to the speed and applicability of the algorithm, the algorithm adopts a variable coefficient particle swarm with a compression factor. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is a meta-heuristic target optimization algorithm with the advantages of easy implementation, high accuracy and fast convergence.

[0191] After obtaining the order sub-board information, it is classified according to the cross section, and the specification coding and position coding processing are performed to form a coding mapping relationship matrix. The coding mapping relationship matrix is ​​orthogonally transformed and used as the core algorithm input. The meta-heuristic algorithm is used for solving. The fitness function of this embodiment is constructed and calculated according to the method proposed in this patent:

[0192] Randomly select m PSO Individual composition For the entire population, each individual position x i =(x i 1,x i 2,……,x i n )

[0193] The optimal position of particle individual i at step k To iterate to the historical position that particle i has experienced that best satisfies the fitness function, Iterate all individuals in the entire group to the historical position that best satisfies the fitness function at this step.

[0194] In order to avoid falling into local optimum and increase the convergence speed of the algorithm as much as possible and ensure the search capability, this paper adopts the particle swarm optimization algorithm with compression factor (such as Figure 8 As shown), the learning factor is dynamically adjusted and the speed is updated as follows:

[0195]

[0196] c=c1+c2≥4

[0197] Where w is the inertia coefficient, c1 and c2 are learning factors, and r1 and r2 are random numbers between [0, 1].

[0198] The compression factor can control the convergence of the particle swarm algorithm, giving particles the opportunity to search different areas in the space, improving the algorithm's fitness, and obtaining high-quality particles, which greatly improves the convergence speed and convergence accuracy of the particle swarm algorithm.

[0199] c1 is the individual cognitive coefficient, which is related to the algorithm's ability to jump out of the local global search. c2 is the social cognitive coefficient, which is related to the convergence speed of the algorithm. By drawing on the idea of ​​simulated annealing algorithm, c1 and c2 are dynamically adjusted.

[0200]

[0201] c0, c3 are adjustment coefficients, k is the current number of iterations, k max is the total number of iterations

[0202] It changes dynamically with the number of iterations, effectively improving its global search capability and strengthening the convergence of particles.

[0203] The program code implementing the method of the present invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. This program code can be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that when the program code is executed by the processor or controller, the functions / operations specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram are implemented. The program code can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server. This application case uses Python to write the core algorithm and process processing program.

[0204] The present invention relates to a method for optimizing the one-dimensional assembly and billet design of medium and thick plates, which takes into account the individual and combined situations of fixed-length and through-length steel plates, the utilization of inventory steel billets and billet design, and solves the optimal assembly method with a multivariate heuristic algorithm, effectively reducing waste materials, improving the yield rate, intuitively reducing costs, and improving the economic benefits of steel plants; the calculation speed and stability of the algorithm are effectively improved through two coding steps, and the algorithm is implemented in a computer software system to help steel plants make decisions and provide guidance on the one-dimensional assembly and billet design of fixed-length medium and thick plates.

[0205] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining a billet design, the method comprising: determining a plurality of sub-plate sets according to order requirements, wherein the steel type and cross-section of the sub-plates in each sub-plate set are the same, but the steel type or cross-section of the sub-plates in different sub-plate sets are different; and determining, for each sub-plate set, the billet length required for each sub-plate set according to the method for determining the billet length.

[0206] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method for assembling fixed-length and full-length medium and thick plates, the method for determining the length of the blank, and the method for determining the blank design.

[0207] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for assembling fixed-length and full-length medium and thick plates, the method for determining the length of the blank, and the method for determining the blank design.

[0208] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0209] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0210] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a program, which is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for causing a single-chip microcomputer, chip or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other media that can store program code.

[0211] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application can adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application can adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.

[0212] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the steps in the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0213] In addition, the various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assembling fixed-length and full-length medium and thick plates, characterized in that: The panel assembly method comprises: Position encoding is performed on a plurality of sub-boards, and a mapping relationship between the encoding positions and lengths of the plurality of sub-boards and sub-board type identifiers is obtained, wherein the plurality of sub-boards have the same cross-section, and the sub-board type identifier includes a first identifier indicating a full length and a second identifier indicating a fixed length; Performing an orthogonal transformation on the matrix corresponding to the mapping relationship in ascending order of the encoding positions of the plurality of sub-boards to obtain the lengths of the plurality of sub-boards sorted by the encoding positions; According to the lengths of the plurality of sub-boards sorted by coding positions and the upper limit of the length of the motherboard, a first sizing constraint condition is constructed, wherein the first sizing constraint condition is that the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in each first combination is less than or equal to the upper limit of the length of the motherboard, and the coding position of the sub-board in one of any two adjacent first combinations is before the coding position of the sub-board in the other combination; According to the lengths of the plurality of sub-boards ordered by the coding positions and the sub-board type identifiers, and the total length of the through-length sub-boards in the plurality of sub-boards, a through-length constraint condition is constructed, wherein the through-length constraint condition is that the sum of the lengths of the through-length sub-boards in the plurality of sub-boards is equal to the total length and the length of each through-length sub-board is within a preset range; Constructing an objective function for minimizing the amount of excess material according to the lower limit of the motherboard length, the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in each first combination, and the number of motherboards required, wherein the number of motherboards required is the number of the first combination; and A meta-heuristic algorithm is used to solve the objective function under the first fixed-length constraint and the full-length constraint to obtain a minimum amount of residual material and a panel assembly method corresponding to the minimum amount of residual material, wherein the panel assembly method includes: a mapping relationship between the optimized coding positions and lengths of the multiple sub-boards and a mapping relationship between each motherboard in the required motherboards and the optimized coding positions of the sub-boards in the corresponding first combination.

2. The panel assembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The panel assembly method further comprises: Dividing the sub-plates having the same length among the multiple sub-plates into the same subset to obtain multiple subsets; Obtaining the number of sub-boards in each of the multiple subsets, and sorting the multiple subsets in descending order according to the number of sub-boards; The specifications of the daughterboards in each subset are encoded in the following way: For the subset ranked first, x0 and C0 are used to encode the sub-boards in the subset, where x0 is the position of the first sub-board, C0 represents the interval between each sub-board, and x0 and C0 are fixed constants; For the second ranked subset, [λ1] is used to encode the sub-boards in the subset, where λ1 represents the interval between each sub-board. For the third ranked subset, [λ2,ξ2] is used to encode the sub-boards in the subset, where λ2 and ξ2 represent the interval between each sub-board and the starting position of the first sub-board in the subset, respectively. For the 4th ranked subset, use Encode the sub-boards in this subset, where λ3, ξ3, Respectively represent the interval between each sub-board, the The additional distance between each sub-board and the previous sub-board, the serial number of the separating sub-board, For the subset ranked i+1, use Encode the sub-boards in this subset, where λ i ,ξ i , Respectively represent the interval between each sub-board, the Sub-board, sub-board, ..., The additional distance between each sub-board and the previous sub-board, and the serial number of the separated sub-board, where i≥4; Decode the specification-encoded daughterboard in the following way: For the subset ranked first, use x0 and C0 to decode the sub-boards in the subset to obtain the position of the j-th sub-board: x j =x0+C0*j, For the second-ranked subset, [λ1] and the following formula are used to decode the sub-boards in the subset to obtain the position of the th sub-board: x j =x0+λ1*j, For the third ranked subset, [λ2, ξ2] and the following formula are used to decode the sub-boards in the subset to obtain the position of the jth sub-board: x j =ξ2+λ2*j, For the 4th ranked subset, use And the following formula is used to decode the sub-boards in the subset to obtain the position of the j-th sub-board: For the subset ranked i+1, use And the following formula is used to decode the sub-boards in the subset to obtain the position of the j-th sub-board: And the position encoding of the plurality of sub-boards comprises: Using the obtained x j Position coding is performed on the sub-boards among the plurality of sub-boards that have been subjected to specification coding; and position coding is performed on the sub-boards that have not been subjected to specification coding.

3. The panel assembly method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The constructing of the first sizing constraint condition comprises: According to the length of the i-th sub-board in the j-th first combination sorted by encoding position And the upper limit of the motherboard length l ub , construct the following first sizing constraint: Among them, n j is the number of sub-boards in the jth first combination, m is the number of the first combination, is the length margin of the motherboard; The construction of the rule constraint conditions includes: According to the length of the i-th sub-board in the j-th first combination sorted by encoding position Daughter board type identification and the total length l of the plurality of sub-boards I , construct the following rule constraints: Among them, for the fixed-size board, For the ruler board, l i,lb , l i,ub are the lower limit and upper limit of the length of the i-th sub-board in the j-th first combination respectively; The objective function of constructing the minimum amount of residual material includes: According to the lower limit of motherboard length l lb , the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in the jth first combination And the number of motherboards m required, construct the following objective function about the minimum amount of residual material:

4. The panel assembly method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: After sorting the encoding positions of the plurality of sub-boards, the board assembly method further includes: In the case where there is a stock mother board having the same cross section as the plurality of daughter boards, a second sizing constraint condition is constructed according to the lengths of the daughter boards in a second preset number of second combinations of the plurality of daughter boards sorted by coding position and the length of each of the second preset number of stock mother boards, wherein the second sizing constraint condition is that the sum of the lengths of the daughter boards in each second combination is less than or equal to the length of the corresponding stock mother board, and the coding position of the daughter boards in one combination of any two adjacent second combinations is before the coding position of the daughter boards in the other combination; According to the lengths of other sub-boards sorted by coding positions and the upper limit of the motherboard length, a first sizing constraint condition is constructed, wherein the first sizing constraint condition is that the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in each first combination is less than or equal to the upper limit of the motherboard length, the coding position of the sub-board in one of any two adjacent first combinations is before the coding position of the sub-board in the other combination, and the coding position of the sub-board in the second combination is before the coding position of the sub-board in the first combination; According to the lengths and sub-board type identifiers of the second preset number of sub-boards in the plurality of sub-boards sorted by coding positions, the lengths and sub-board type identifiers of the other sub-boards sorted by coding positions, and the total length of the sub-boards of the plurality of sub-boards, a through-rule constraint condition is constructed, wherein the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards of the plurality of sub-boards is equal to the total length; According to the total number threshold of the general-size sub-boards and the total number of the fixed-size sub-boards, a number constraint condition is established, wherein the number constraint condition is a condition on the total number of sub-boards, and the total number of sub-boards does not exceed the total number threshold; According to the lower limit of the motherboard length, the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in each of the first combinations, the number of required motherboards, the length of each of the motherboards in stock, and the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in each of the second combinations, the second preset number, constructing an objective function for the minimum amount of excess material, wherein the number of motherboards required is the number of the first combination, and the number of motherboards required in stock is the number of the second combination; and A meta-heuristic algorithm is used to solve the objective function under the first fixed-length constraint, the second fixed-length constraint, the overall length constraint and the number constraint to obtain a minimum amount of residual material and a panel assembly method corresponding to the minimum amount of residual material, wherein the panel assembly method includes: the number of required mother boards, a mapping relationship between the optimized coding positions and lengths of the multiple sub-boards, a mapping relationship between each mother board in the required mother boards and the optimized position of the corresponding sub-board in the first combination, and a mapping relationship between each mother board in the required stock mother boards and the optimized position of the corresponding sub-board in the second combination.

5. The panel assembly method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The constructing of the second sizing constraint condition comprises: According to the length of the i-th sub-board in the j-th second combination of the plurality of sub-boards sorted by the encoding position and the length of the jth stock motherboard Construct the following second sizing constraint: in, is the number of sub-boards in the j-th second combination, p is the second preset number, is the length margin of the motherboard; The constructing of the first sizing constraint condition comprises: According to the length of the i-th sub-board in the j-th first combination sorted by encoding position And the upper limit of the motherboard length l ub , construct the following first sizing constraint: Among them, n j is the number of sub-boards in the jth first combination, m is the number of the first combination, is the length margin of the motherboard; The construction of the rule constraint conditions includes: According to the length of the i-th sub-board in the j-th second combination of the plurality of sub-boards sorted by the encoding position Daughter board type identification The length of the i-th sub-board in the j-th first combination sorted by encoding position Daughter board type identification and the total length l of the plurality of sub-boards I , construct the following rule constraints: Among them, for the fixed-size board, and For the ruler board, and l x,lb , l x,ub , are the lower and upper limits of the length of the x-th sub-board respectively; The construction number constraints include: According to the total number of pass ruler boards threshold n I Total number of fixed-size boards n F , construct the following constraints on the total number of sub-boards n: n I +n F ≥n; The objective function of constructing the minimum amount of residual material includes: According to the lower limit of motherboard length l lb , the sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in the jth first combination The number of motherboards required, m, and the length of the jth stock motherboard The sum of the lengths of the sub-boards in the j-th second combination The second preset number p constructs an objective function for the minimum amount of residual material:

6. The panel assembly method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The objective function of constructing the minimum amount of residual material includes: According to the lower limit of motherboard length l lb , the length of the i-th sub-board in the j-th first combination The number of motherboards required, m, and the length of the jth stock motherboard The length of the i-th sub-board in the j-th second combination The second preset number p constructs an objective function for the minimum amount of residual material: in: in, Indicates the lower limit of the length of the x-th sub-board.

7. The panel assembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The meta-heuristic algorithm is any one of the following: genetic algorithm, particle swarm algorithm, ant colony algorithm, ocean predator algorithm, fireworks algorithm, or simulated annealing algorithm.

8. The determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The plurality of sub-plates are steel plates, and the steel type and cross-section of the plurality of sub-plates are the same.

9. A method for determining the length of a blank, characterized in that: The determination method comprises: According to the plate assembly method of fixed-length and full-length medium and thick plates according to any one of claims 1 to 8, a plate assembly method corresponding to a plurality of sub-plates is obtained, wherein the plurality of sub-plates are steel plates; Determine the amount of excess material of each motherboard in the required motherboards according to the panel assembly method and the lower limit of the motherboard length; Determining the length of each motherboard according to the remaining material amount of each motherboard in the required motherboards; and The blank lengths required for the plurality of daughter boards are determined according to the length of each mother board.

10. The determination method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The determination method further comprises: The yield rate of the motherboard is determined according to the board assembly method and the lower limit of the motherboard length.

11. A method for determining a blank design, characterized in that: The determination method comprises: Determine multiple sub-plate sets according to the order requirements, wherein the sub-plates in each sub-plate set have the same steel grade and section, but the sub-plates in different sub-plate sets have different steel grades or sections; and For each sub-plate set, the blank length required for each sub-plate set is determined according to the method for determining the blank length according to claim 9 or 10.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for assembling fixed-length and full-length medium and thick plates described in any one of claims 1 to 8, the method for determining the length of the billet described in claim 9 or 10, and the method for determining the billet design described in claim 11.

13. A computer program product, characterized in that The invention comprises a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for assembling fixed-length and through-length medium and thick plates as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, the method for determining the length of the blank as described in claim 9 or 10, and the method for determining the design of the blank as described in claim 11.

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