Methods, devices, equipment, media and program products for determining carbon emission intensity

Abstract

The present application discloses a method, device, equipment, medium and program product for determining carbon emission intensity, which relates to the field of power systems. The method includes: obtaining power flow data of at least two power nodes in the power system; constructing a power carbon flow matrix based on the power flow data; constructing a power generation carbon quantity matrix; hierarchically and parallelly processing the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon quantity matrix to obtain the carbon emission intensity corresponding to at least two power nodes. On the basis of constructing the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon quantity matrix, the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon quantity matrix can be processed hierarchically and parallelly, and the task of calculating the carbon emission intensity of each power node can be decomposed into multiple levels to process different parts of the matrix data, thereby shortening the calculation time and improving the efficiency of determining the carbon emission intensity of the power node.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of power systems, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment, medium, and program product for determining carbon emission intensity. Background Art

[0002] In the power system, the carbon emission intensity of a power node measures the carbon emissions (CO2 emissions) generated when a power node processes a unit of electricity. By calculating the carbon emission intensity of each power node, we can accurately assess the CO2 emissions of the entire power system, laying a solid foundation for carbon footprint tracking.

[0003] In related technologies, a power system includes power nodes with known carbon emission intensities and power nodes with unknown carbon emission intensities. Power nodes in the power system are polled sequentially. If the carbon emission intensity of the currently polled power node is unknown, the carbon emission intensity of the power node, or an intensity parameter containing unknown parameters, is determined based on the power node's connections within the power system. Once the polling is complete, a recursive process is completed. After several recursive processes, the carbon emission intensity of all power nodes in the power system can be calculated.

[0004] However, when polling the power nodes in the power system one by one, the polling calculation will take a lot of time when the power system is large and the number of power nodes is large, and the efficiency of determining carbon emission intensity is low. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a method, apparatus, device, medium, and program product for determining carbon emission intensity, and the technical solution is as follows.

[0006] In one aspect, a method for determining carbon emission intensity is provided, the method comprising:

[0007] Acquiring power flow data of at least two power nodes in a power system, wherein a power transmission relationship exists between the at least two power nodes, the power flow data being used to characterize the amount of electric energy flow in the power transmission relationship;

[0008] constructing a power carbon flow matrix based on the power flow data, wherein the power carbon flow matrix includes main diagonal elements and non-main diagonal elements, wherein the main diagonal elements corresponding to the n-th power node are used to represent the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy consumed by the n-th power node, and the non-main diagonal elements corresponding to the n-th power node are used to represent the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy contributed by the input node to the n-th power node, where the input node refers to the electric node that outputs electric energy to the n-th power node among the at least two power nodes, and n is a positive integer;

[0009] Constructing a power generation carbon amount matrix, wherein the power generation carbon amount matrix includes power generation carbon amount data corresponding to the at least two power nodes, wherein the power generation carbon amount data of the nth power node is used to represent the carbon emissions corresponding to the power generation equipment connected to the nth power node;

[0010] The power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon amount matrix are processed in parallel in layers to obtain the carbon emission intensities corresponding to the at least two power nodes.

[0011] In another aspect, a device for determining carbon emission intensity is provided, the device comprising:

[0012] an acquisition module, configured to acquire power flow data of at least two power nodes in a power system, wherein a power transmission relationship exists between the at least two power nodes, and wherein the power flow data is used to characterize the amount of electric energy flow in the power transmission relationship;

[0013] a construction module for constructing a power carbon flow matrix based on the power flow data, wherein the power carbon flow matrix includes main diagonal elements and non-main diagonal elements, wherein the main diagonal elements corresponding to the n-th power node are used to represent the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy consumed by the n-th power node, and the non-main diagonal elements corresponding to the n-th power node are used to represent the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy contributed by the input node to the n-th power node, where the input node refers to the power node that outputs electric energy to the n-th power node among the at least two power nodes, and n is a positive integer;

[0014] The construction module is used to construct a power generation carbon amount matrix, wherein the power generation carbon amount matrix includes power generation carbon amount data corresponding to the at least two power nodes respectively, wherein the power generation carbon amount data of the nth power node is used to represent the carbon emissions corresponding to the power generation equipment connected to the nth power node;

[0015] The processing module is used to process the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon amount matrix in parallel in layers to obtain the carbon emission intensities corresponding to the at least two power nodes.

[0016] On the other hand, a computer device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one instruction, at least one program, code set or instruction set, and the at least one instruction, at least one program, code set or instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement any of the above-mentioned methods for determining carbon emission intensity.

[0017] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which at least one instruction, at least one program, code set or instruction set is stored, and the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set or instruction set is loaded and executed by a processor to implement any of the above-mentioned methods for determining carbon emission intensity.

[0018] In another aspect, a computer program product or computer program is provided, comprising computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform any of the aforementioned methods for determining carbon emission intensity.

[0019] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application include at least the following.

[0020] The power carbon flow matrix is constructed using the power flow data of power nodes, correlating the power flow with carbon emissions. The main diagonal elements reflect the carbon emissions corresponding to the power consumed by each power node, while the off-diagonal elements reflect the carbon emissions corresponding to the power input to each power node. This integrates the carbon emissions of each power node in the power system during power transmission and consumption. The power generation carbon quantity matrix is constructed using the carbon emissions corresponding to the power generation equipment connected to the power node, thus integrating the carbon emissions of each power node in the power system during power production. Based on the construction of the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon quantity matrix, the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon quantity matrix can be processed in parallel in a hierarchical manner. The task of calculating the carbon emission intensity of each power node is decomposed into multiple levels to process different parts of the matrix data, thereby shortening the calculation time and improving the efficiency of determining the carbon emission intensity of the power node. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of a computer system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 is a flow chart of a method for determining carbon emission intensity provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3is a schematic diagram showing the carbon balance relationship of a node provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a carbon flow topology provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 is a flow chart of a method for determining carbon emission intensity provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 This is an overall flow chart of a method for determining carbon emission intensity provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 7 is a flowchart of data extraction and model construction provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of carbon emission intensity calculation of power nodes based on graph hierarchical parallelism provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of a device for determining carbon emission intensity provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 10 It is a structural block diagram of a computer device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application more clear, the following will further describe the embodiments of this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] In this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish identical or similar items with substantially the same effects and functions. It should be understood that there is no logical or temporal dependency between "first" and "second", nor is there any limitation on the quantity and execution order.

[0034] It should be noted that this application can display a prompt interface, pop-up window, or output a voice prompt message before and during the process of collecting the user's relevant data. The prompt interface, pop-up window, or voice prompt message is used to remind the user that their relevant data is currently being collected, so that this application only starts to execute the relevant steps of obtaining the user's relevant data after obtaining the user's confirmation operation on the prompt interface or pop-up window. Otherwise (that is, when the user's confirmation operation on the prompt interface or pop-up window is not obtained), the relevant steps of obtaining the user's relevant data are terminated, that is, the user's relevant data is not obtained. In other words, all user data collected by this application is collected with the user's consent and authorization, and the collection, use, and processing of relevant user data must comply with relevant laws, regulations, and standards.

[0035] In the power system, the carbon emission intensity of a power node is used to measure the carbon emissions (CO2 emissions) generated when the power node processes a unit of electricity. By calculating the carbon emission intensity of each power node, the CO2 emissions of the entire power system can be accurately assessed, laying a solid foundation for carbon footprint tracking. In related technologies, the power system includes power nodes with known carbon emission intensities and power nodes with unknown carbon emission intensities. The power nodes in the power system are polled in sequence. If the carbon emission intensity of the currently polled power node is unknown, the carbon emission intensity of the power node or the intensity parameter containing unknown parameters is determined based on the connection relationship of the power node in the power system. When the polling is completed, a recursive process is completed. After several recursive processes, the carbon emission intensity of all power nodes in the power system can be calculated. However, when the power system is large and the number of power nodes is large, the polling calculation will consume a lot of time, and the efficiency of determining carbon emission intensity is low.

[0036] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining carbon emission intensity. After obtaining the power flow data of each power node in the power system, a power carbon flow matrix is constructed based on the power flow data. Then, a power generation carbon quantity matrix is constructed based on the carbon emissions corresponding to the power generation equipment connected to the power node. Finally, the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon quantity matrix are processed in parallel in layers to obtain the carbon emission intensity corresponding to at least two power nodes. The task of calculating the carbon emission intensity of each power node is decomposed into multiple levels to process different parts of the matrix data, thereby shortening the calculation time and improving the efficiency of determining the carbon emission intensity of the power node.

[0037] Next, a computer system for implementing the method for determining carbon emission intensity provided in an embodiment of the present application is introduced.

[0038] Figure 1This is a block diagram of a computer system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. This computer system can be implemented as the system architecture for a method for determining carbon emission intensity. The computer system includes: a power system 110 and a computer device 120, wherein the power system 110 and the computer device 120 are connected via a wireless network or a wired network.

[0039] Power system 110 includes at least two power nodes, including but not limited to power station nodes, transmission station nodes, and load station nodes. Power station nodes are the energy source of the power system, and their primary function is to convert various forms of energy into electrical energy. Transmission station nodes, also known as substation nodes, are primarily used to change voltage levels to achieve efficient transmission of electrical energy. Load station nodes are the consumers of electrical energy in the power system.

[0040] The computer device 120 can be implemented as at least one of a server and a terminal. The terminal can be an electronic device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a vehicle-mounted terminal (vehicle computer), a PC (Personal Computer), etc. The server can be an independent physical server, or a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers. It can also be a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services, or a node in a blockchain system. The computer device 120 is mainly used to determine the carbon emission intensity of each power node in the power system, that is, to execute the method for determining carbon emission intensity provided in the embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that the method for determining carbon emission intensity can be executed by the terminal, or by the server, or by the terminal and the server interacting and cooperating to execute the method for determining carbon emission intensity, and this application does not limit this. The following describes the method for determining carbon emission intensity executed by the computer device 120.

[0041] Illustratively, a power transmission relationship exists between at least two power nodes in power system 110. Computer device 120 can obtain power flow data from the power system. The power flow data is used to represent the amount of electric energy flow in the power transmission relationship and reflects the real-time flow and distribution of electric energy in the power system. The power flow data includes, but is not limited to, voltage-related data, current-related data, and power-related data of the power nodes.

[0042] After acquiring power flow data, computer device 120 first constructs a power carbon flow matrix based on the power flow data. If power system 110 includes M power nodes, where M is an integer greater than 1, an M×M matrix is constructed, where the main diagonal element (n, n) corresponding to the nth power node represents the carbon emissions corresponding to the power consumed by the nth power node, where n is a positive integer and n≤M. The non-main diagonal elements corresponding to the nth power node represent the carbon emissions corresponding to the power contributed by the input node to the nth power node. Next, a power generation carbon content matrix is constructed. The power generation carbon content matrix is an M×1 matrix, where the nth matrix element represents the power generation carbon content data of the nth power node, that is, the carbon emissions corresponding to the power generation equipment connected to the nth power node. Finally, the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon content matrix are processed hierarchically and in parallel to obtain the carbon emission intensities corresponding to at least two power nodes.

[0043] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned computer device 120 is also used to display the carbon emission intensity of each power saving in the power system 110. Schematically, a carbon flow topology diagram is displayed on the computer device 120, wherein the carbon flow topology diagram represents the flow path of carbon between at least two regional nodes and the carbon emission intensity corresponding to at least two regional nodes respectively; wherein each regional node corresponds to at least one power node among at least two power nodes, and the carbon emission intensity corresponding to the kth regional node is determined by at least one power node corresponding to the kth regional node, and k is a positive integer.

[0044] Next, the process of the method for determining carbon emission intensity provided in the embodiment of the present application is introduced.

[0045] Combined with the above introduction, Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for determining carbon emission intensity provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the method is applied to Figure 1 Taking the computer device shown as an example, the method includes the following steps 210 to 240.

[0046] Step 210: Acquire power flow data of at least two power nodes in the power system.

[0047] The power system is an electrical energy production and consumption system consisting of power generation, transmission, transformation, and consumption. In a power system, there is a power transmission relationship between at least two power nodes, which are connected to each other through transmission lines to achieve the transmission of electrical energy.

[0048] Optionally, the at least two power nodes include at least one of a power station node, a transmission station node, and a load station node. A power station node refers to the starting point of the power system, which is used to convert various energy sources into electrical energy. Power station nodes include, but are not limited to, thermal power stations, hydroelectric power stations, wind power stations, etc. A transmission station node is also known as a substation node, which is used to change the voltage and distribute electrical energy. A load station node refers to the access point of load equipment in the power system, that is, the terminal that consumes electrical energy. Load equipment includes, but is not limited to, large motors, machine tools and other equipment for industrial users, electric lights, televisions, refrigerators, air conditioners and other electrical appliances for residential users, and lighting, elevators, air conditioners and other equipment for commercial users.

[0049] Power flow data is used to characterize the amount of electric energy flow in power transmission relationships.

[0050] Illustratively, the power flow data can be used to reflect the power flow of each power node in the power system. Optionally, the power flow data includes power data, where the power data includes at least one of the input active power of the power node, the output active power of the power node, and the load active power of the power node.

[0051] Regarding the input active power of a power node, the input active power refers to the active power input from the input node to the power node. For example, if power node 1 and power node 2 are connected via transmission line a, and electric energy is transmitted from power node 1 to power node 2, then the input active power of power node 2 includes the active power transmitted from power node 1 to power node 2 via transmission line a. Regarding the output active power of a power node, the output active power refers to the active power transmitted from the power node to the output node. If power node 2 and power node 3 are connected via transmission line b, and electric energy is transmitted from power node 2 to power node 3, then the output active power of power node 2 includes the active power output from power node 2 to power node 3 via transmission line b. Regarding the load active power of the power node, the load active power refers to the active power consumed by the electrical equipment connected to the power node. Schematically, the power node 2 includes electrical equipment, such as: plant equipment, control equipment, etc. in the power station node, transformers, reactors, capacitors and other equipment in the transmission station node, and load equipment in the load station node. The active power consumed by the electrical equipment is also the load active power of the power node 2.

[0052] Step 220: construct an electric power carbon flow matrix based on the electric power flow data.

[0053] The electricity carbon flow matrix includes main diagonal elements and non-main diagonal elements.

[0054] Taking at least two power nodes represented as M power nodes as an example, where M is an integer greater than 1, an M×M power carbon flow matrix is constructed based on the power flow data of the M power nodes.

[0055] In an M×M electricity carbon flow matrix, the main diagonal element corresponding to the nth power node is represented by (n, n), which is used to represent the carbon emissions corresponding to the electricity consumed by the nth power node. n is a positive integer and n≤M.

[0056] Optionally, the carbon emissions corresponding to the consumed power of the nth power node are determined by the output node power and load power of the nth power node, where the output node power refers to the power output from the nth power node to the output node, and the load power refers to the power consumed by the electrical equipment connected to the nth power node. Schematically, if the output active power transmitted by the nth power node to the jth node is P n，j , the load active power of the nth power node is P Ln , the carbon emission intensity of the nth power node is regarded as an unknown parameter and is set as NCI n , then the carbon emissions corresponding to the electricity consumption of the nth power node is (P n，j +P Ln ) × t × NCI n , t is the working time of the power system, j is a positive integer, j represents the output node, that is, the power node that receives the output power of the nth power node. If t is regarded as a unit time, that is, t=1, then the carbon emissions corresponding to the power consumption of the nth power node are (P n，j +P Ln ) × NCI n .

[0057] Then, in the power carbon flow matrix, the main diagonal element (n, n) can be assigned the value (P n，j +P Ln ) × NCI n , where (P n，j +P Ln ) is a known quantity, NCI n is an unknown quantity.

[0058] In an M×M power carbon flow matrix, the off-diagonal element corresponding to the nth power node is denoted as (n, i). This element represents the carbon emissions corresponding to the energy contributed by the input node to the nth power node. i is a positive integer, i ≤ M, and i is not equal to n. An input node is a power node that outputs energy to the nth power node from at least two power nodes.

[0059] Optionally, the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy contributed by the input node to the nth power node are determined by the input electric energy, where the input electric energy refers to the electric energy output by the input node to the nth power node. For the i-th power node, if there is no electric connection between the i-th power node and the n-th power node, or if there is an electric connection between the i-th power node and the n-th power node and electric energy flows from the n-th power node to the i-th power node, indicating that the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy contributed by the i-th input node to the n-th power node is 0, then the non-main diagonal elements (n, i) may be assigned 0 or a minimum value.

[0060] If there is a power connection relationship between the i-th power node and the n-th power node and electric energy flows from the i-th power node to the n-th power node through the input line, obtain the input active power P received by the n-th power node from the i-th power node i，n , the carbon emission intensity of the i-th power node is regarded as an unknown parameter and is set as NCI i , then the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy contributed by the i-th power node to the n-th power node is P i，n ×t×NCI i If t is regarded as a unit time, that is, t=1, then the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy contributed by the i-th power node to the n-th power node are P i，n ×NCI i .

[0061] Then, in the power carbon flow matrix, the non-main diagonal elements (n, i) can be assigned the value P i，n ×NCI i , where P i is a known quantity, NCI i is an unknown quantity.

[0062] Step 230: Construct a power generation carbon matrix.

[0063] The power generation carbon amount matrix includes power generation carbon amount data corresponding to at least two power nodes.

[0064] Optionally, an M×1 power generation carbon amount matrix is constructed based on the power generation carbon amount data corresponding to the M power nodes.

[0065] The carbon emission data of the nth power node is used to represent the carbon emission corresponding to the power generation equipment connected to the nth power node. Schematically, when the power node is connected to a power generation equipment, the carbon emission corresponding to the power generation equipment connected to the power node is obtained. n In the power generation carbon matrix, the nth element (that is, the matrix element corresponding to the nth power generation node) is assigned the value GCF n; When the power node is not connected to power generation equipment, in the power generation carbon matrix, the nth element (that is, the matrix element corresponding to the nth power generation node) is assigned a value of 0 or a minimum value.

[0066] Optionally, obtain the carbon emission factors and power generation corresponding to the power generation equipment respectively connected to at least two power nodes; determine the power generation carbon data corresponding to the at least two power nodes respectively based on the carbon emission factors and power generation; and construct a power generation carbon matrix based on the power generation carbon data corresponding to the at least two power nodes respectively.

[0067] Schematically, the power generation power of the power generation equipment connected to the nth power node is recorded as P Gn , in time t, the power generation is P Gn ×t, the carbon emission factor of the power generation equipment connected to the nth power node is recorded as e Gn The carbon emission factor is a preset value, which is related to the fuel used by the power generation equipment. For example, the carbon emission factor of the power generation equipment of thermal power generation is 875, so the carbon emission of the power generation equipment is P Gn ×t×e Gn , P Gn ×t×e Gn As the power generation carbon data GCF of the nth power node n , if t is regarded as a unit time, that is, t=1, then GCF n It can be expressed as (P Gn ×e Gn ).

[0068] In some embodiments, if there are multiple power generation devices connected to the n-th power node, the sum of the carbon emissions of the multiple power generation devices is calculated as the power generation carbon data of the n-th power node.

[0069] Step 240 : hierarchically and parallelly process the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon quantity matrix to obtain the carbon emission intensities corresponding to at least two power nodes.

[0070] In some embodiments, the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon amount matrix are processed in hierarchical parallelism to determine the node carbon balance relationship corresponding to at least two nodes respectively; based on the node carbon balance relationship corresponding to at least two nodes respectively, the carbon emission intensity corresponding to at least two power nodes respectively is determined.

[0071] The node carbon balance relationship corresponding to the nth power node represents that the carbon emissions corresponding to the consumed electric energy of the nth power node, the carbon emissions corresponding to the contributed electric energy of the input node to the nth power node, and the carbon data of the power generation of the nth power node are balanced.

[0072] Schematically, assuming that the nth power node has P input nodes, P is a positive integer, i≤P, and the nth power node has Q output nodes, Q is a positive integer, j≤Q. In the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon amount matrix, a node carbon balance relationship can be constructed. The node carbon balance relationship corresponding to the nth power node can be expressed as the following formula 1.

[0073] Formula 1:

[0074] in, It can represent the electric energy output from the nth power node to the jth power node, is the carbon emission intensity of the nth power node, represents the carbon emissions corresponding to the total electric energy output from the nth power node to all Q output nodes, It can represent the electric energy consumed by the electric device connected to the nth power node, Indicates the carbon emissions corresponding to the electricity consumed by the electrical equipment connected to the nth power node. It represents the carbon emissions corresponding to the electricity consumed by the nth power node.

[0075] It can represent the contribution of electric energy from the i-th power node to the n-th power node, It refers to the total contribution of all P input nodes to the nth power node. is the carbon emission intensity of the i-th power node, It refers to the carbon emissions corresponding to the total contributed electric energy of all P input nodes to the nth power node.

[0076] It represents the carbon emissions corresponding to the power generation equipment connected to the nth power node.

[0077] Indicative, such as Figure 3 As shown, the above formula 1 represents that the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy consumed by the n-th power node 301 = the carbon emissions corresponding to the total electric energy contributed by all P input nodes to the n-th power node 301 + the carbon emissions corresponding to the power generation equipment connected to the n-th power node 301, wherein the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy consumed by the n-th power node 301 = the carbon emissions corresponding to the total output electric energy output by the n-th power node 301 to Q output nodes + the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy consumed by the electrical equipment on the n-th power node 301.

[0078] It should be noted that in the above formula 1, 、 ,and and is a known quantity, and It is an unknown quantity, that is, the carbon emission intensity of at least two power nodes needs to be determined.

[0079] In some embodiments, the above step 240 further includes the following steps.

[0080] Step 1: Layer at least two power nodes according to power grid topology data corresponding to the at least two power nodes to obtain C sub-layers, where C is an integer greater than 1.

[0081] Grid topology data includes information such as power node locations, inter-node connectivity, and power transmission paths. Power node locations indicate the actual physical location of power nodes, such as their longitude and latitude. Inter-node connectivity indicates the connection between at least two power nodes, and power transmission paths indicate the path along which power flows between them.

[0082] In some embodiments, according to the grid topology data corresponding to the at least two power nodes, the at least two power nodes are layered based on the transmission order of electric energy in the at least two power nodes to obtain C sublayers.

[0083] Schematically, after electric energy is generated at the power station node, it passes through the transmission station node and finally reaches the load station node. The flow of this electric energy in the power system can be called the electric energy flow. The various power nodes are interconnected through transmission lines. The power injection or output of one power node will affect the power and other data of other power nodes. This mutual influence relationship forms a coupling relationship between the power nodes.

[0084] Based on the order in which electricity is transmitted, at least two power nodes can be divided into different sublayers. For example, the power station node at the beginning of power transmission is classified as the first sublayer. Next, the booster substation node (a type of transmission station node) adjacent to the power station and responsible for the initial voltage step-up operation is classified as the second sublayer. Then, along the power transmission line, the various nodes on the high-voltage transmission line (such as intermediate hub substation nodes, which are also type of transmission station nodes) are classified as the third sublayer. This continues in this manner. As the electricity approaches the load station node and the voltage level gradually decreases, the nodes at different voltage conversion and transmission stages are successively divided into different sublayers until the electricity finally reaches the load station node. The load station node can be regarded as the last sublayer.

[0085] In each sublayer, the coupling relationship between nodes is relatively strong. For example, in the sublayer containing power station nodes, the coupling relationship between the power station nodes is strong because they are commonly connected to a substation node or there is power support between each other. The coupling relationship between different sublayers is relatively weak. For example, although there is a power transfer relationship between the sublayer containing power station nodes and the sublayer containing load station nodes, the connection between them is indirectly achieved through the sublayer containing transmission station nodes, and the coupling relationship is relatively weak. By layering, there is no need to consider the complex relationships between all power nodes at the same time. Instead, each sublayer can be processed separately, which simplifies the calculation process and improves calculation efficiency.

[0086] Optionally, at least two power nodes are layered according to power grid topology data corresponding to the at least two power nodes to obtain a first sublayer, a second sublayer, and a third sublayer.

[0087] Among them, the first sublayer includes power station nodes among at least two power nodes, the second sublayer includes transmission station nodes among at least two power nodes, and the third sublayer includes load station nodes among at least two power nodes.

[0088] It should be noted that the number of the aforementioned first sublayers can be one or more, the number of the second sublayers can be one or more, and the number of the third sublayers can be one or more. The following mainly uses one first sublayer, one second sublayer, and one third sublayer as an example, where the power station node included in the first sublayer is a net power station node. The net power station node is the initial point of power generation. In other words, no other power node transmits power to the net power station node.

[0089] Step 2: Based on the carbon emission intensity of the power nodes contained in the rth sublayer, determine the carbon emission intensity of the power nodes contained in the r+1th sublayer according to the sub-power carbon flow matrix corresponding to the r+1th sublayer in the power carbon flow matrix and the sub-power generation carbon quantity matrix corresponding to the r+1th sublayer in the power generation carbon quantity matrix, where r is a positive integer and r≤C.

[0090] The rth sublayer is the parent power supply layer of the r+1th sublayer. Schematically, all paths that input power to power nodes in the r+1th sublayer originate from a power node in the rth sublayer. No nodes in other sublayers directly supply power to nodes in the r+1th sublayer. Using carbon flow to describe this relationship, the carbon emissions corresponding to the input power to any power node in the r+1th sublayer can be expressed as the carbon emissions corresponding to the total contributed power from all power nodes in the rth sublayer.

[0091] Schematically, the matrix elements corresponding to the power nodes contained in the r+1th sub-layer of the power carbon flow matrix are extracted to form a sub-power carbon flow matrix, and the matrix elements corresponding to the power nodes contained in the r+1th sub-layer of the power generation carbon quantity matrix are extracted to form a sub-power generation carbon quantity matrix; based on the sub-power carbon flow matrix and the sub-power generation carbon quantity matrix, the node carbon balance relationship of the power nodes contained in the r+1th sub-layer is determined; based on the node carbon balance relationship of the power nodes contained in the r+1th sub-layer, the carbon emission intensity of the power nodes contained in the r+1th sub-layer is determined.

[0092] An example is given where the C sublayers include a first sublayer, a second sublayer, and a third sublayer.

[0093] (1) For the first sub-layer.

[0094] According to the sub-power carbon flow matrix corresponding to the first sublayer in the power carbon flow matrix and the sub-power generation carbon quantity matrix corresponding to the first sublayer in the power generation carbon quantity matrix, the first carbon emission intensity of the power station node contained in the first sublayer is determined.

[0095] Schematically, the matrix elements corresponding to the power station nodes contained in the first sub-layer of the power carbon flow matrix are extracted to form a first sub-power carbon flow matrix, and the matrix elements corresponding to the power station nodes contained in the first sub-layer of the power generation carbon quantity matrix are extracted to form a first sub-power generation carbon quantity matrix; based on the first sub-power carbon flow matrix and the first sub-power generation carbon quantity matrix, the node carbon balance relationship of the power station nodes contained in the first sub-layer is determined; based on the node carbon balance relationship of the power station nodes contained in the first sub-layer, the first carbon emission intensity of the power station nodes contained in the first sub-layer is determined.

[0096] Optionally, the power station nodes included in the first sublayer are net power station nodes. For the net power station nodes, there is no corresponding input node, that is, the above formula 1 can be rewritten as the following formula.

[0097]

[0098] This formula describes the node carbon balance relationship of the power station nodes contained in the first sub-layer. As can be seen from the above introduction, and All are known quantities, so we can directly solve , that is, the first carbon emission intensity of the power station node in the first sublayer is obtained.

[0099] (2) For the second sub-layer.

[0100] Based on the first carbon emission intensity of the power station node in the first sublayer, the second carbon emission intensity of the transmission station node included in the second sublayer is determined according to the sub-power carbon flow matrix corresponding to the second sublayer in the power carbon flow matrix and the sub-power generation carbon quantity matrix corresponding to the second sublayer in the power generation carbon quantity matrix.

[0101] Schematically, the matrix elements corresponding to the transmission station nodes included in the second sub-layer of the power carbon flow matrix are extracted to form a second sub-power carbon flow matrix, and the matrix elements corresponding to the transmission station nodes included in the second sub-layer of the power generation carbon amount matrix are extracted to form a second sub-power generation carbon amount matrix; based on the second sub-power carbon flow matrix and the second sub-power generation carbon amount matrix, the node carbon balance relationship of the transmission station nodes included in the second sub-layer is determined; based on the node carbon balance relationship of the transmission station nodes included in the second sub-layer, the second carbon emission intensity of the transmission station nodes included in the second sub-layer is determined.

[0102] Optionally, for any transmission station node in the second sublayer, the carbon emissions corresponding to its input electric energy can be expressed as the carbon emissions corresponding to the total contributed electric energy from each power station node in the first sublayer.

[0103] Schematically, the node carbon balance relationship of the transmission station nodes included in the second sublayer can be directly expressed as the above formula 1, that is, the following formula 1.

[0104] Formula 1:

[0105] In this formula 1, Refers to the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy contributed by the power station node to the transmission station node, where is the first carbon emission intensity corresponding to the power station node, is a known quantity, is also a known quantity, then is a known quantity, and 、 Based on the known quantity, we can directly solve it using formula 1. , that is, the second carbon emission intensity of the transmission station node in the second sublayer is obtained.

[0106] (3) For the third sub-layer.

[0107] Based on the second carbon emission intensity of the transmission station node in the second sublayer, the third carbon emission intensity of the power station node contained in the third sublayer is determined according to the sub-power carbon flow matrix corresponding to the third sublayer in the power carbon flow matrix and the sub-power generation carbon quantity matrix corresponding to the third sublayer in the power generation carbon quantity matrix.

[0108] Schematically, the matrix elements corresponding to the load station nodes contained in the third sub-layer of the power carbon flow matrix are extracted to form a third sub-power carbon flow matrix, and the matrix elements corresponding to the load station nodes contained in the third sub-layer of the power generation carbon quantity matrix are extracted to form a third sub-power generation carbon quantity matrix; based on the third sub-power carbon flow matrix and the third sub-power generation carbon quantity matrix, the node carbon balance relationship of the load station nodes contained in the third sub-layer is determined; based on the node carbon balance relationship of the load station nodes contained in the third sub-layer, the third carbon emission intensity of the load station nodes contained in the third sub-layer is determined.

[0109] Optionally, for any load station node in the third sublayer, the carbon emissions corresponding to its input electric energy can be expressed as the carbon emissions corresponding to the total contributed electric energy from each load station node in the second sublayer.

[0110] Schematically, the node carbon balance relationship of the load station nodes included in the third sublayer can be directly expressed as the above formula 1, that is, the following formula 1.

[0111] Formula 1:

[0112] In this formula 1, It refers to the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy contributed by the transmission station node to the load station node, where is the second carbon emission intensity corresponding to the transmission station node, is a known quantity, is also a known quantity, then is a known quantity, and 、 Based on the known quantity, we can directly solve it using formula 1. , that is, the third carbon emission intensity of the load station node in the third sublayer is obtained.

[0113] In some embodiments, the load station node in the third sublayer is the transmission end point of the power system electric energy, that is, the load station node does not need to transmit electric energy to other power nodes, then the above formula 1 can be rewritten as the following formula.

[0114]

[0115] The second carbon emission intensity of the transmission station node in the second sublayer is calculated according to the above formula.

[0116] Step 3: After the traversal of C sub-layers is completed, the carbon emission intensities corresponding to at least two power nodes are obtained.

[0117] Optionally, the first carbon emission intensity of the power station node contained in the first sublayer, the second carbon emission intensity of the transmission station node contained in the second sublayer, and the third carbon emission intensity of the power station node contained in the third sublayer are determined as the carbon emission intensities corresponding to at least two power nodes respectively.

[0118] In some embodiments, the carbon emission intensities corresponding to at least two power nodes may be displayed on a computer device.

[0119] Optionally, a carbon flow topology diagram is displayed based on the carbon emission intensities respectively corresponding to at least two power nodes, and the carbon flow topology diagram represents the flow path of carbon between at least two regional nodes and the carbon emission intensities respectively corresponding to the at least two regional nodes.

[0120] Each regional node corresponds to at least one power node among at least two power nodes, the carbon emission intensity corresponding to the kth regional node is determined by the carbon emission intensity of at least one power node corresponding to the kth regional node, and k is a positive integer.

[0121] Optionally, if the k-th regional node corresponds to a power node, the power node is directly regarded as the k-th regional node, and the carbon emission intensity corresponding to the power node is regarded as the carbon emission intensity corresponding to the k-th regional node.

[0122] Optionally, if the k-th regional node corresponds to multiple power nodes, a weighted average of the carbon emission intensities of the multiple power nodes corresponding to the k-th regional node is performed to obtain the carbon emission intensity corresponding to the k-th regional node. The weight corresponding to at least one power node is determined by at least one of the following influencing factors.

[0123] (1) Geographical location of power nodes.

[0124] Schematically, the impact of power nodes on regional carbon emissions often varies depending on their geographical location. For example, power nodes located in densely populated areas have a greater impact on the surrounding environment and population due to their carbon emissions, and can be given a relatively higher weight when considering the overall carbon emissions of the region. In contrast, power nodes located in remote and sparsely populated areas have relatively little impact on the surrounding environment, and their weight can be appropriately reduced. In addition, from the perspective of energy transmission and allocation, power nodes closer to energy consumption centers have relatively less loss during power transmission and play a more critical role in ensuring regional power supply stability. They can also be given a higher weight accordingly. Nodes farther away, while also involved in power supply, have relatively less influence, and their weight is correspondingly lowered.

[0125] (2) Connectivity of power nodes.

[0126] The connectivity of a power node refers to the number of connecting lines between it and other power nodes. The connectivity of a power node reflects its importance in the power system and the degree of mutual influence it has with other nodes. A highly connected power node means it has power transmission relationships with more other nodes, and its carbon emissions have a wider and deeper impact on other nodes in the region and the entire regional power grid. For example, a transmission station node, acting as a hub, connects numerous power station nodes and load station nodes. Its carbon emissions will indirectly affect multiple regions through the transmission of electricity, so it should be given a higher weight. On the other hand, relatively isolated power nodes with fewer connections have a relatively limited influence and their weight can be appropriately reduced.

[0127] It should be noted that the above examples of determining the carbon emission intensity of regional nodes are only illustrative and are not limiting here.

[0128] For illustration, please refer to Figure 4 , which shows a schematic diagram of a carbon flow topology, such as Figure 4 As shown, the circle 401 in the carbon flow topology diagram 400 represents a regional node (or power node), and the position of the circle 401 in the carbon flow topology diagram 400 represents the actual geographical location of the regional node. The circle 401 corresponds to color information ( Figure 4 (not shown) The color of circle 401 indicates the carbon emission intensity of the regional node. For example, red indicates high carbon emission intensity, yellow indicates medium carbon emission intensity, and green indicates low carbon emission intensity. Alternatively, circle 401 may have size information corresponding to the size of circle 401, indicating the carbon emission intensity of the regional node. A larger circle 401 indicates a higher carbon emission intensity.

[0129] The line 402 in the carbon flow topology diagram 400 represents a transmission line between at least two regional nodes (or power nodes), and the arrow of the line 402 represents the flow direction of carbon between at least two regional nodes, that is, the line 402 represents the flow path of carbon between at least two regional nodes.

[0130] In summary, the method for determining carbon emission intensity provided by the embodiment of the present application constructs an electric carbon flow matrix through the electric power flow data of the electric nodes, associates the electric power flow with the carbon emission, uses the main diagonal elements to reflect the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy consumed by each electric node, and the non-main diagonal elements reflect the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy input to each electric node, thereby integrating the carbon emissions of each electric node in the power system during the power transmission and consumption process; constructs the power generation carbon quantity matrix through the carbon emissions corresponding to the power generation equipment connected to the power node, thereby integrating the carbon emissions of each electric node in the power system during the power production process. On the basis of constructing the electric carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon quantity matrix, the electric carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon quantity matrix can be processed in parallel in layers, and the task of calculating the carbon emission intensity of each electric node can be decomposed into multiple levels to process different parts of the matrix data, thereby shortening the calculation time and improving the efficiency of determining the carbon emission intensity of the power node.

[0131] In some embodiments, when constructing the power carbon flow matrix, it is also necessary to consider the carbon emissions generated by line losses. For example, please refer to Figure 5 , the above Figure 2 The illustrated embodiment may also be implemented as the following steps 510 to 540 .

[0132] Step 510: Acquire power flow data of at least two power nodes in the power system.

[0133] There is a power transmission relationship between at least two power nodes, and the power flow data is used to characterize the electric energy flow in the power transmission relationship.

[0134] In some embodiments, power flow data of at least two power nodes in the power system within the target time period is obtained; and based on the power flow data of the power system within the target time period, the carbon emission intensities corresponding to the at least two power nodes within the target time period are determined.

[0135] Step 521 : determining the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy contributed by the input node to the nth power node based on the power flow data.

[0136] The input node refers to a power node that outputs electric energy to the nth power node among the at least two power nodes, where n is a positive integer.

[0137] Among them, the carbon emissions corresponding to the contributed electricity are determined by the input electricity and the input line loss electricity; the input electricity refers to the electricity output from the input node to the nth power node, and the input line loss electricity is used to characterize the loss generated when the electricity is transmitted from the input line to the nth power node. The input line is used to connect the input node and the nth power node.

[0138] Optionally, based on the power flow data, the first electric energy output by the input node to the nth power node is obtained as the input electric energy, and the second electric energy received by the nth power node through the input line is obtained; the difference between the first electric energy and the second electric energy is calculated as the input line loss electric energy; and the carbon emissions corresponding to the input electric energy and the carbon emissions corresponding to the input line loss electric energy are determined.

[0139] (1) Carbon emissions corresponding to input electricity.

[0140] Get the input active power P received by the nth power node from the ith power node i，n , then the first electric energy output from the i-th power node to the n-th power node is P i，n ×t, the carbon emission intensity of the i-th power node is regarded as an unknown parameter and is set as NCI i , consider t as a unit time, that is, t=1, then the carbon emissions corresponding to the first electric energy output from the i-th power node to the n-th power node is P i，n ×NCI i , that is, the carbon emissions corresponding to the input electricity.

[0141] (2) Carbon emissions corresponding to input line loss electricity.

[0142] Get the active power received by the nth power node through the input line as P n，i , the second electric energy received by the nth power node through the input line is P n，i ×t.

[0143] Taking into account the line loss during transmission of electric energy, the second electric energy is less than the first electric energy. That is, the first electric energy is the total amount of electric energy initially transmitted from the i-th power node to the n-th power node. When the first electric energy is transmitted along the input line to the n-th power node, due to line loss, it becomes the second electric energy when it reaches the n-th power node.

[0144] After obtaining the first electric energy and the second electric energy, the difference between the first electric energy and the second electric energy |P n，i- P i，n |×t, where “||” is the absolute value symbol, that is, calculate P n，i- P i，n The absolute value of the difference between |P n，i- P i，n |×t is the input line loss energy, and the carbon emission intensity of the i-th power node is regarded as an unknown parameter, which is set as NCI i , consider t as a unit time, that is, t=1, then the carbon emissions corresponding to the input line loss when the i-th power node outputs power to the n-th power node is |P n，i- Pi，n |×NCI i , which is the carbon emissions corresponding to the input line loss electricity.

[0145] After obtaining the carbon emissions corresponding to the input electric energy and the carbon emissions corresponding to the input line loss electric energy, the sum of the carbon emissions corresponding to the input electric energy and the carbon emissions corresponding to the input line loss electric energy is calculated as the carbon emissions corresponding to the contributed electric energy of the input node to the nth power node.

[0146] Step 522 : Determine non-main diagonal elements corresponding to the at least two power nodes according to the contributed electric energies corresponding to the at least two power nodes.

[0147] For example, if at least two power nodes are represented as M power nodes, the off-diagonal elements refer to the off-diagonal elements in the M×M power carbon flow matrix. In the M×M power carbon flow matrix, the off-diagonal element corresponding to the nth power node represents the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy contributed by the input node to the nth power node.

[0148] For the i-th power node, if there is no power connection relationship between the i-th power node and the n-th power node, or there is a power connection relationship between the i-th power node and the n-th power node and electric energy flows from the n-th power node to the i-th power node, it means that the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy contributed by the i-th input node to the n-th power node are 0, then the non-main diagonal elements (n, i) can be assigned to 0 or a minimum value.

[0149] If there is an electric connection between the i-th power node and the n-th power node and electric energy flows from the i-th power node to the n-th power node through the input line, the non-main diagonal element (n, i) can be assigned the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy contributed by the i-th input node to the n-th power node, that is, (P i，n +|P n，i- P i，n |)×NCI i .

[0150] Step 523: Determine the carbon emissions corresponding to the power consumption of the nth power node based on the power flow data.

[0151] The carbon emissions corresponding to the consumed electricity are determined by the output electricity and the output line loss energy; the output line loss energy is used to characterize the loss generated when the electricity is transmitted from the nth power node to the output line.

[0152] In some embodiments, the output electric energy includes at least one of output node electric energy and load electric energy, the output node electric energy refers to the electric energy output from the nth power node to the output node, the output node refers to the power node among at least two power nodes that receives the electric energy transmitted by the nth power node, and the output node is connected to the nth power node through an output line; the load electric energy refers to the electric energy consumed by the electrical equipment connected to the nth power node.

[0153] Taking the output electric energy including output node electric energy and load electric energy as an example, the method for calculating the carbon emissions corresponding to the consumed electric energy includes: based on the power flow data, obtaining the third electric energy output by the nth power node to the output node to obtain the output node electric energy, obtaining the fourth electric energy consumed by the electrical equipment connected to the nth power node as the load electric energy, and obtaining the fifth electric energy received by the output node through the output line; calculating the difference between the third electric energy and the fifth electric energy to obtain the output line loss electric energy; determining the consumed electric energy of the nth power node according to the carbon emissions corresponding to the output node electric energy, the carbon emissions corresponding to the load electric energy and the carbon emissions corresponding to the output line loss electric energy.

[0154] (1) Carbon emissions corresponding to the output node electricity.

[0155] Schematically, the output active power transmitted from the nth power node to the jth power node is obtained as P n，j , the third electric energy transmitted from the nth power node to the jth node is P n，j ×t, the carbon emission intensity of the nth power node is regarded as an unknown parameter and is set as NCI n , j is a positive integer, j represents the output node, that is, the power node that receives the output power of the nth power node. If t is regarded as a unit time, that is, t=1, then the carbon emissions corresponding to the third power transmitted from the nth power node to the jth node are P n，j ×NCI n .

[0156] If the nth power node outputs power to Q power nodes, Q is a positive integer, j≤Q, then the output node power can be expressed as , then the carbon emissions corresponding to the output node electricity are .

[0157] (2) Carbon emissions corresponding to load electricity.

[0158] Schematically, the load active power of the nth power node is P Ln , the fourth electric energy consumed by the electric equipment connected to the nth power node is P Ln ×t, if t is regarded as a unit time, that is, t=1, then the carbon emissions corresponding to the fourth electric energy consumed by the electrical equipment connected to the nth power node is P Ln×NCI n , that is, the carbon emissions corresponding to the load electricity.

[0159] (3) Carbon emissions corresponding to output line loss electricity.

[0160] Schematically, the active power received by the jth power node through the output line is obtained as P j，n , the fifth electric energy received by the jth power node through the output line is P j，n ×t.

[0161] Taking into account the line loss during transmission of electric energy, the fifth electric energy is less than the third electric energy. That is, the third electric energy is the total amount of electric energy initially transmitted from the nth power node to the jth power node. When the third electric energy is transmitted along the output line to the jth power node, due to line loss, it becomes the fifth electric energy when it reaches the jth power node.

[0162] After obtaining the third electric energy and the fifth electric energy, the difference between the third electric energy and the fifth electric energy |P n，j- P j，n |×t, if the nth power node outputs power to Q power nodes, Q is a positive integer, j≤Q, and t is regarded as a unit time, that is, t=1, then the output line loss power can be expressed as , then the carbon emissions corresponding to the output line loss electricity are .

[0163] Step 524 : determining main diagonal elements corresponding to the at least two power nodes respectively according to the carbon emissions corresponding to the power consumption corresponding to the at least two power nodes respectively.

[0164] In the M×M electricity carbon flow matrix, the main diagonal element corresponding to the nth power node is used to represent the carbon emissions corresponding to the consumed electricity of the nth power node.

[0165] Schematically, the main diagonal element (n, n) can be assigned the carbon emissions corresponding to the electricity consumed by the nth power node, that is, .

[0166] Step 525 : constructing a power carbon flow matrix based on the non-main diagonal elements and main diagonal elements corresponding to at least two power nodes.

[0167] After determining the non-main diagonal elements and main diagonal elements corresponding to the M power nodes, an M×M power carbon flow matrix is constructed according to the non-main diagonal elements and main diagonal elements corresponding to the M power nodes.

[0168] Step 530: Construct a power generation carbon matrix.

[0169] The power generation carbon amount matrix includes power generation carbon amount data corresponding to at least two power nodes.

[0170] The power generation carbon data of the nth power node is used to represent the carbon emissions corresponding to the power generation equipment connected to the nth power node.

[0171] Optionally, an M×1 power generation carbon amount matrix is constructed based on the power generation carbon amount data corresponding to the M power nodes.

[0172] Schematically, the power generation power of the power generation equipment connected to the nth power node is recorded as P Gn , in time t, the power generation is P Gn ×t, the carbon emission factor of the power generation equipment connected to the nth power node is recorded as e Gn The carbon emission factor is a preset value, which is related to the fuel used by the power generation equipment. For example, the carbon emission factor of the power generation equipment of thermal power generation is 875, so the carbon emission of the power generation equipment is P Gn ×t×e Gn , P Gn ×t×e Gn As the power generation carbon data GCF of the nth power node n , if t is regarded as a unit time, that is, t=1, then GCF n It can be expressed as (P Gn ×e Gn ).

[0173] Step 540 : hierarchically and parallelly process the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon quantity matrix to obtain the carbon emission intensities corresponding to at least two power nodes.

[0174] In some embodiments, the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon amount matrix are processed in hierarchical parallelism to determine the node carbon balance relationship corresponding to at least two nodes respectively; based on the node carbon balance relationship corresponding to at least two nodes respectively, the carbon emission intensity corresponding to at least two power nodes respectively is determined.

[0175] The node carbon balance relationship corresponding to the nth power node represents that the carbon emissions corresponding to the consumed electric energy of the nth power node, the carbon emissions corresponding to the contributed electric energy of the input node to the nth power node, and the carbon data of the power generation of the nth power node are balanced.

[0176] Schematically, assuming that the nth power node has P input nodes, P is a positive integer, i≤P, and the nth power node has Q output nodes, Q is a positive integer, j≤Q. In the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon amount matrix, a node carbon balance relationship can be constructed. The node carbon balance relationship corresponding to the nth power node can be expressed as the following formula 2.

[0177] Formula 2:

[0178] in, It can represent the electric energy output from the nth power node to the jth power node, is the carbon emission intensity of the nth power node, represents the carbon emissions corresponding to the total electric energy output from the nth power node to all Q output nodes; It can represent the electric energy consumed by the electric device connected to the nth power node, Indicates the carbon emissions corresponding to the electricity consumed by the electrical equipment connected to the nth power node. represents the power received by the jth power node from the nth power node, represents the output loss energy corresponding to the j-th power node, It represents the carbon emissions corresponding to the total output loss of electric energy of all Q output nodes. Indicates the carbon emissions corresponding to the electricity consumed by the nth power node.

[0179] It can represent the contribution of electric energy from the i-th power node to the n-th power node, represents the power received by the nth power node from the ith power node, represents the input loss energy corresponding to the i-th power node, is the carbon emission intensity of the i-th power node, It refers to the carbon emissions corresponding to the total contributed electric energy of all P input nodes to the nth power node.

[0180] It represents the carbon emissions corresponding to the power generation equipment connected to the nth power node.

[0181] The implementation principle of Formula 2 provided in this application is explained below.

[0182] In the embodiment of the present application, in the power system, the following four types of carbon flows are defined.

[0183] (1) Generator Carbon Flow (GCF): This is defined as the carbon flow from a power station node to a grid node (e.g., a transmission station node) along with the branch active power flow (typically a step-up transformer). GCF is equal to the sum of the carbon emissions generated by all power generation equipment connected to the power station node.

[0184] (2) Branch Carbon Flow (BCF): This is defined as the carbon flow generated by the active power flow in the branch of the power system. Similar to the active power flow, the carbon flow on the branch is a mixture of the carbon flows input by the power nodes and is distributed according to the proportional sharing principle. Among them, the active power flow refers to the active power passing through the branch per unit time in the power system, which can indicate the electrical energy transmitted by the branch per unit time. The branch refers to the transmission line between power nodes.

[0185] To establish a correlation between branch carbon flow and the active power flow within that branch, the ratio of any branch carbon flow to its active power flow in the power system is defined as the branch carbon flow intensity (BCI), denoted by the symbol BCI. The node carbon intensity (NCI) is defined as the ratio of the total carbon flow into a power node to the total active power flow corresponding to the total carbon volume.

[0186] For the nth power node, there are inflow branches (i.e., input lines) and outflow branches (i.e., output lines). The set of branches flowing into the nth power node is , the set of branches flowing out of the nth power node (hereinafter referred to as node n) is , then the active power flow from the ath inflow branch (hereinafter referred to as branch a) into the nth power node is recorded as , the active power flow from the bth outflow branch (hereinafter referred to as branch b) out of the nth power node is recorded as , a , b .

[0187] Due to the non-selectivity of electric energy (proportional sharing principle), the outflow flow in any outflow branch has the component of each inflow flow. Suppose branch b contains the component of branch a ,According to the proportional sharing principle, the proportion of the flow contribution of branch a to branch b is the same as the proportion of the flow contribution of branch a in the set of inflow branches, which conforms to the following formula 3.

[0188] Formula 3:

[0189] in, is the active power flow component of branch a contained in the active power flow of branch b, is the active power flow of branch b, is the active power flow in branch a, It is the sum of the active power flows into the set of branches.

[0190] If the carbon emission intensity of the active power flow from branch a to node n is , then the carbon flow of active power flow in branch b is the set of flowing branches ( ) is the sum of the carbon flow contributions of all branches to branch b, please refer to the following formula 4.

[0191] Formula 4:

[0192] in, is the branch carbon flow corresponding to branch b, is the branch carbon emission intensity corresponding to branch a, is the active power flow component of branch a contained in the active power flow of branch b.

[0193] The carbon emission intensity of branch b can be determined based on the above formula 4. Please refer to the following formula 5.

[0194] Formula 5:

[0195] in, is the carbon emission intensity of branch b, is the branch carbon flow corresponding to branch b, is the active power flow of branch b, is the branch carbon emission intensity corresponding to branch a, is the active power flow component of branch a contained in the active power flow of branch b.

[0196] According to the above formula 3, we can get the formula 5 , please refer to the following formula 6.

[0197] Formula 6:

[0198] Substitute Formula 6 into Formula 5 and eliminate ,available It is expressed as the following formula 7.

[0199] Formula 7:

[0200] in, is the carbon emission intensity of node n, which is the sum of all carbon flows into node n divided by the sum of all active power flows into the node.

[0201] From the above formula 7, it can be seen that the carbon emission intensity of the branch corresponding to the power flow out of node n is equal to the carbon emission intensity of node n.

[0202] Therefore, in the above formulas 1 and 2, ,in It represents the active power flow from node n (nth power node) to the jth power node. The carbon emission intensity of node n can be used The carbon emission intensity of the branch corresponding to the flow out of node n is replaced, so the carbon emission intensity of the output branch carbon flow can be expressed as .against , among which for represents the active power flow from node i (i-th power node), and the carbon emission intensity of node i can be used The carbon emission intensity of the branch corresponding to the flow out of node i is replaced, so the carbon emission intensity of the input branch carbon flow can be expressed as .

[0203] In the above formulas 1 and 2, ,in It can be regarded as the active power flow from node n to the power equipment, and the carbon emission intensity of node n can be used The carbon emission intensity of the branch corresponding to the power flow out of node n is replaced, so the carbon emission intensity of the branch carbon flow input to the electrical equipment can be expressed as .

[0204] (3) Branch Carbon Loss (BCL): This is defined as the carbon flow associated with line losses. Branch carbon loss depends on two factors: the branch line loss rate and the branch carbon flow (BCF). It reflects the carbon emissions borne by grid losses.

[0205] Branch carbon loss can be considered as a load on the branch. Therefore, the carbon emission intensity of branch carbon flow is the same as the carbon emission intensity of branch carbon loss.

[0206] In the above formula 2, is the branch carbon loss on the output branch (output line) flowing from the nth power node to the jth power node. The carbon emission intensity of this branch carbon loss is equal to the carbon emission intensity of the output branch carbon flow, that is, equal to the carbon emission intensity of the nth power node. , from this we can get the carbon emission corresponding to the carbon loss of the output branch is .

[0207] In the above formula 2, is the branch carbon loss on the input branch (input line) flowing from the i-th power node to the n-th power node. The carbon emission intensity of this branch carbon loss is equal to the carbon emission intensity of the input branch carbon flow, that is, equal to the carbon emission intensity of the i-th power node. , from this we can get the carbon emission corresponding to the carbon loss of the input branch is .

[0208] (4) Load Carbon Flow (LCF): It is defined as the carbon flow generated by the active power flow output from the grid node (e.g., transmission station node) to the load station node, which is equal to the sum of all branch carbon flows input to the load station node.

[0209] In the power system corresponding to this application, based on the above four types of carbon flows, the following carbon flow balance relationship is established: the sum of the carbon flows output by the generator nodes = the sum of the carbon flows input by the load station nodes. Based on this carbon flow balance relationship, the node carbon balance relationship in Formula 1 provided in this application can be analyzed, that is, for a certain node n (the nth power node), the carbon emissions corresponding to the carbon flow part of its input node n = the carbon emissions corresponding to the carbon flow part of its output node n, where the carbon emissions corresponding to the carbon flow part of the input node n is " ", the carbon emission corresponding to the carbon flow output by node n is " ”.

[0210] Taking line losses into account, based on the above four types of carbon flows, the following carbon flow balance relationship holds: the sum of the output carbon flows of the generator nodes + the total carbon losses of the output branches in the power system = the sum of the input carbon flows of the load station nodes + the total carbon losses of the input branches in the power system.

[0211] Based on this carbon flow balance relationship, the node carbon balance relationship in Formula 2 provided in this application can be analyzed, that is, for a certain node n (the nth power node), the carbon emissions corresponding to the carbon flow part of its input node n + the carbon emissions corresponding to the carbon loss on the input branch of the input node n = the carbon emissions corresponding to the carbon flow part of the output node n + the carbon emissions corresponding to the carbon loss on the output branch of the node n, where the carbon emissions corresponding to the carbon flow part of the input node n is " ", the carbon emission corresponding to the carbon loss on the input branch of input node n is " "; the carbon emission corresponding to the carbon flow output by node n is " ", the carbon emission corresponding to the carbon loss on the output branch of node n is " ”.

[0212] Optionally, at least two power nodes are layered according to the grid topology data corresponding to the at least two power nodes to obtain C sublayers, where C is an integer greater than 1; based on the carbon emission intensity of the power nodes contained in the rth sublayer, the carbon emission intensity of the power nodes contained in the r+1th sublayer is determined according to the sub-power carbon flow matrix corresponding to the r+1th sublayer in the power carbon flow matrix and the sub-power generation carbon matrix corresponding to the r+1th sublayer in the power generation carbon matrix; r is a positive integer and r≤C; after the traversal of the C sublayers is completed, the carbon emission intensities corresponding to the at least two power nodes are obtained.

[0213] Schematically, the matrix elements corresponding to the power nodes contained in the r+1th sub-layer of the power carbon flow matrix are extracted to form a sub-power carbon flow matrix, and the matrix elements corresponding to the power nodes contained in the r+1th sub-layer of the power generation carbon quantity matrix are extracted to form a sub-power generation carbon quantity matrix; based on the sub-power carbon flow matrix and the sub-power generation carbon quantity matrix, the node carbon balance relationship of the power nodes contained in the r+1th sub-layer is determined; based on the node carbon balance relationship of the power nodes contained in the r+1th sub-layer, the carbon emission intensity of the power nodes contained in the r+1th sub-layer is determined.

[0214] The method for determining the carbon emission intensities corresponding to at least two power nodes based on the hierarchical parallel method has been described in detail in step 240 and will not be repeated here.

[0215] For illustration, please refer to Figure 6 , which shows an overall flow chart of a method for determining carbon emission intensity, the process includes the following steps 610 to 640.

[0216] Step 610: Data extraction and model building.

[0217] For illustration, please refer to Figure 7 , which shows a flow chart of data extraction and model building, such as Figure 7 As shown, the power grid dispatching system 701 is a system for real-time monitoring and control of the operating status of each power node in the power system. The power grid dispatching system 701 can obtain various key data during the operation of the power system, including but not limited to the following.

[0218] (1) Grid topology data / CIME model data.

[0219] CIME (Common Information Model for Energy Management) model data, similar to grid topology data, is used to describe the structure of a power system. Grid topology data primarily focuses on the connections between various power nodes in the power system, such as which nodes are directly connected and through what lines. CIME model data also includes power system topology information. In addition to topology information, CIME model data also contains detailed attribute information for various devices in the power grid. For example, for a generator node, CIME model data records numerous parameters, including its rated power, power factor, voltage level, fuel type, and control method.

[0220] (2) Power flow data.

[0221] Power flow data is a key information set that describes the operating status of the power system. It covers the flow of electric energy in various power nodes and branches in the power system, including power, voltage, current and other aspects.

[0222] (3) Telesignaling and telemetry data.

[0223] Telesignaling data mainly refers to the data obtained by remotely collecting signals from the equipment status of power nodes (such as the closed or open status of switches); telemetry data refers to the data obtained by remotely measuring the electrical quantities of power nodes (such as voltage, current, etc.).

[0224] After the power grid dispatching system 701 acquires the power grid topology data / CIME model data, it can construct a power system physical device node connection model based on the power grid topology data / CIME model data to form a node-breaker model (Node-BreakerModel).

[0225] Schematically, the power system physical device node connection model is a model that abstracts and digitally represents the power nodes and their connections in the power system. Building upon this model, a node switch model is constructed. This model describes the relationship between the power system's power nodes and switchgear, demonstrating the location of each power node in the power system and how they are interconnected through switchgear.

[0226] According to the generated node switch model, the bus-branch model (Bus-BranchModel) of the power system is converted.

[0227] Schematically, in the node switch model, the first step is to identify the power nodes representing busbars. Busbars are important nodes in the power system that aggregate and distribute electrical energy, typically connecting multiple devices (such as generators, transformers, and transmission lines). Based on the connection relationships in the node switch model, the connecting branches between busbars are determined. Different busbars are connected through corresponding connecting branches to form the topological structure of the busbar branch model.

[0228] Step 620 , estimating and calculating the power system power flow state based on the graph calculation.

[0229] After constructing the bus branch model, a graph-based power system power flow state estimation calculation is performed based on the bus branch model's topology and the acquired raw power flow data to obtain power flow data for each bus node in the bus branch model. The calculation method includes the following.

[0230] (1) Radial network structure and forward-backward substitution method (MapReduce).

[0231] In bus-branch models, if some areas exhibit a radial topology, such as the distribution network from substation to user end points, these structures are well-suited for forward-backward substitution for power flow calculations. Bus nodes are connected to individual load nodes (sub-nodes) via transmission lines (edges). Within a graph-based computing framework, the MapReduce algorithm is used to decompose bus node voltage and power information according to the radial structure (Map operation), transmit it along the lines to each load node, and calculate the sub-node voltage. The load information for each load node is then aggregated (Reduce operation), and the power of each line (edge) is reversely calculated. This iterative process continues until convergence.

[0232] (2) Ring network structure and Gauss-Decker iteration (PageRank).

[0233] For ring networks within bus-branch models, such as high-voltage transmission ring networks, their ring topology necessitates the use of a Gauss-Decker iteration-based power flow calculation method. In this graph computation model, the busbars within the ring network serve as nodes, and the transmission lines as edges with admittance weights. The iterative calculation of the voltage at each busbar node depends on the voltages of adjacent busbar nodes and the admittances of the connecting edges. Through large-scale synchronous parallel computing, the voltage at each busbar node is rapidly iteratively calculated based on the topological connectivity of the ring network and the branch admittance parameters within the bus-branch model, thereby accurately estimating the power flow state of the ring network.

[0234] It's important to note that in actual busbar branch models, both radial and ring networks often coexist, forming a hybrid network. In this case, the aforementioned calculation methods are applied separately based on the topological characteristics of each region, with coordination and data exchange performed at the region boundaries. For example, at busbar nodes at the intersection of regions, the impact of both radial and ring network calculations on voltage and power must be considered simultaneously. Through appropriate data transfer and integration, the accuracy and consistency of the power flow calculations for the entire hybrid network are ensured.

[0235] Step 630 , calculating the carbon emission intensity of the power nodes based on the graph hierarchical parallelism.

[0236] For illustration, please refer to Figure 8 , which shows a flowchart of carbon emission intensity calculation of power nodes based on graph hierarchical parallelism, as shown in Figure 8 The calculation method shown includes the following steps.

[0237] Step 631: Select the busbar node of the busbar branch model as the power node to construct the power carbon flow matrix.

[0238] Step 632: Construct a power generation carbon matrix.

[0239] Indicatively, the power flow data corresponding to each bus node in the bus node can be obtained through step 620. A method for constructing a power carbon flow matrix and a power generation carbon amount matrix can be constructed based on the power flow data. The specific construction method can be referred to Figure 2 or Figure 5 The method of constructing the electricity carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon amount matrix in is not described here.

[0240] Step 633: Solve the matrix using a graph hierarchical parallel method to obtain the carbon emission intensity of each busbar node.

[0241] The method of using the graph hierarchical parallel method to solve the matrix and obtain the carbon emission intensity of each bus node can be referred to step 240 and will not be described in detail here.

[0242] Step 640 , application of carbon emission intensity of power nodes.

[0243] The carbon emission intensity application of the power node includes at least one of the following applications.

[0244] (1) Draw a carbon flow topology map.

[0245] Schematically, the calculated carbon emission intensity can be used to draw Figure 4 The carbon flow topology is shown.

[0246] (2) Grid operation optimization and dispatching.

[0247] Rationally allocate and shift loads based on the carbon emission intensity of power nodes. For regional nodes or time periods with lower carbon emission intensities, appropriately increase load demand to encourage users to use electricity during these times. For example, promote charging electric vehicles during off-peak hours at night (when they may rely more on low-carbon generation methods), achieving efficient use of power resources and optimizing carbon emissions control.

[0248] The above examples of the application of carbon emission intensity are only illustrative and will not be elaborated here.

[0249] For illustration, please refer to Figure 9 , which shows a structural block diagram of a device for determining carbon emission intensity, such as Figure 9 As shown, the device includes the following modules.

[0250] An acquisition module 910 is configured to acquire power flow data of at least two power nodes in a power system, wherein a power transmission relationship exists between the at least two power nodes, and wherein the power flow data is used to represent the amount of electric energy flow in the power transmission relationship;

[0251] A construction module 920 is configured to construct a power carbon flow matrix based on the power flow data, wherein the power carbon flow matrix includes main diagonal elements and non-main diagonal elements, wherein the main diagonal elements corresponding to the n-th power node are used to represent the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy consumed by the n-th power node, and the non-main diagonal elements corresponding to the n-th power node are used to represent the carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy contributed by the input node to the n-th power node, where the input node refers to the power node among the at least two power nodes that outputs electric energy to the n-th power node, and n is a positive integer;

[0252] The construction module 920 is configured to construct a power generation carbon content matrix, wherein the power generation carbon content matrix includes power generation carbon content data corresponding to the at least two power nodes, wherein the power generation carbon content data of the nth power node is used to represent the carbon emissions corresponding to the power generation equipment connected to the nth power node;

[0253] The processing module 930 is configured to process the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon amount matrix in parallel in layers to obtain the carbon emission intensities corresponding to the at least two power nodes.

[0254] In some embodiments, the processing module 930 is configured to:

[0255] hierarchically and in parallel, processing the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon amount matrix to determine a node carbon balance relationship corresponding to each of the at least two nodes, wherein the node carbon balance relationship corresponding to the nth power node represents that the carbon emissions corresponding to the consumed electric energy of the nth power node, the carbon emissions corresponding to the contributed electric energy of the input node to the nth power node, and the power generation carbon amount data of the nth power node are balanced;

[0256] Based on the node carbon balance relationships respectively corresponding to the at least two nodes, the carbon emission intensities respectively corresponding to the at least two power nodes are determined.

[0257] In some embodiments, the processing module 930 is configured to:

[0258] Layering the at least two power nodes according to the power grid topology data corresponding to the at least two power nodes to obtain C sublayers, where C is an integer greater than 1;

[0259] Based on the carbon emission intensity of the power nodes included in the rth sublayer, the carbon emission intensity of the power nodes included in the r+1th sublayer is determined according to the sub-power carbon flow matrix corresponding to the r+1th sublayer in the power carbon flow matrix and the sub-power generation carbon amount matrix corresponding to the r+1th sublayer in the power generation carbon amount matrix; r is a positive integer and r≤C;

[0260] After the traversal of the C sub-layers is completed, the carbon emission intensities corresponding to the at least two power nodes are obtained.

[0261] In some embodiments, the processing module 930 is configured to:

[0262] The at least two power nodes are layered according to the power grid topology data corresponding to the at least two power nodes to obtain a first sublayer, a second sublayer, and a third sublayer, wherein the first sublayer includes power station nodes among the at least two power nodes, the second sublayer includes transmission station nodes among the at least two power nodes, and the third sublayer includes load station nodes among the at least two power nodes;

[0263] Determine a first carbon emission intensity of a power station node included in the first sublayer according to the sub-power carbon flow matrix corresponding to the first sublayer in the power carbon flow matrix and the sub-power generation carbon amount matrix corresponding to the first sublayer in the power generation carbon amount matrix;

[0264] Based on the first carbon emission intensity of the power station node in the first sublayer, determine the second carbon emission intensity of the transmission station node included in the second sublayer according to the sub-power carbon flow matrix corresponding to the second sublayer in the power carbon flow matrix and the sub-power generation carbon amount matrix corresponding to the second sublayer in the power generation carbon amount matrix;

[0265] Based on the second carbon emission intensity of the transmission station node in the second sublayer, the third carbon emission intensity of the power station node contained in the third sublayer is determined according to the sub-power carbon flow matrix corresponding to the third sublayer in the power carbon flow matrix and the sub-power generation carbon quantity matrix corresponding to the third sublayer in the power generation carbon quantity matrix.

[0266] In some embodiments, the building block 920 is configured to:

[0267] determining, based on the power flow data, an amount of carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy contributed by the input node to the nth power node, where the amount of carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy contributed by the nth power node is determined by input electric energy and input line loss electric energy; the input electric energy refers to the electric energy output by the input node to the nth power node, and the input line loss electric energy is used to characterize the loss generated when the electric energy is transmitted from the input line to the nth power node, the input line being used to connect the input node and the nth power node;

[0268] Determining non-main diagonal elements corresponding to the at least two power nodes respectively according to carbon emissions corresponding to the contributed electric energies respectively corresponding to the at least two power nodes;

[0269] determining, based on the power flow data, an amount of carbon emissions corresponding to the consumed electric energy of the nth power node, where the amount of carbon emissions corresponding to the consumed electric energy is determined by output electric energy and output line loss electric energy; the output line loss electric energy is used to represent the loss generated when electric energy is transmitted from the nth power node to the output line;

[0270] Determining main diagonal elements corresponding to the at least two power nodes respectively according to carbon emissions corresponding to the power consumption corresponding to the at least two power nodes respectively;

[0271] The power carbon flow matrix is constructed based on the non-main diagonal elements and main diagonal elements corresponding to the at least two power nodes respectively.

[0272] In some embodiments, the building block 920 is configured to:

[0273] Based on the power flow data, obtaining first electric energy output by the input node to the nth power node as the input electric energy, and obtaining second electric energy received by the nth power node through the input line;

[0274] calculating a difference between the first electric energy and the second electric energy as the input line loss electric energy;

[0275] The carbon emissions corresponding to the contributed electric energy of the input node to the nth power node are determined according to the carbon emissions corresponding to the input electric energy and the carbon emissions corresponding to the input line loss electric energy.

[0276] In some embodiments, the output electric energy includes at least one of output node electric energy and load electric energy, the output node electric energy refers to the electric energy output by the nth power node to the output node, the output node refers to the power node among the at least two power nodes that receives the electric energy transmitted by the nth power node, and the output node is connected to the nth power node through the output line; the load electric energy refers to the electric energy consumed by the electrical equipment connected to the nth power node.

[0277] In some embodiments, the output electric energy includes the output node electric energy and the load electric energy; the building module 920 is used to:

[0278] Based on the power flow data, obtaining third electric energy output by the nth power node to the output node to obtain the output node electric energy, obtaining fourth electric energy consumed by the electric device connected to the nth power node as the load electric energy, and obtaining fifth electric energy received by the output node through the output line;

[0279] Calculating the difference between the third electric energy and the fifth electric energy to obtain the output line loss electric energy;

[0280] The carbon emissions corresponding to the consumed electric energy of the nth power node are determined according to the carbon emissions corresponding to the output node electric energy, the carbon emissions corresponding to the load electric energy and the output line loss electric energy.

[0281] In some embodiments, the building block 920 is configured to:

[0282] Obtaining carbon emission factors and power generation corresponding to power generation equipment respectively connected to the at least two power nodes;

[0283] Determining power generation carbon data corresponding to the at least two power nodes respectively according to the carbon emission factor and the power generation;

[0284] The power generation carbon amount matrix is constructed based on the power generation carbon amount data corresponding to the at least two power nodes.

[0285] In some embodiments, the processing module 930 is configured to:

[0286] Displaying a carbon flow topology diagram based on the carbon emission intensities respectively corresponding to the at least two power nodes, wherein the carbon flow topology diagram represents a carbon flow path between the at least two regional nodes and the carbon emission intensities respectively corresponding to the at least two regional nodes;

[0287] Among them, each regional node corresponds to at least one power node among the at least two power nodes, the carbon emission intensity corresponding to the kth regional node is determined by the carbon emission intensity of at least one power node corresponding to the kth regional node, and k is a positive integer.

[0288] In summary, the device for determining carbon emission intensity provided by the embodiment of the present application constructs an electric carbon flow matrix through the electric power flow data of the electric nodes, associates the electric power flow with the carbon emission, uses the main diagonal elements to reflect the carbon emission corresponding to the electric energy consumed by each electric node, and the non-main diagonal elements reflect the carbon emission corresponding to the electric energy input to each electric node, thereby integrating the carbon emission of each electric node in the electric energy transmission and consumption process in the electric power system; constructs the power generation carbon quantity matrix through the carbon emission corresponding to the power generation equipment connected to the electric node, thereby integrating the carbon emission of each electric node in the electric energy production process in the electric power system. On the basis of constructing the electric carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon quantity matrix, the electric carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon quantity matrix can be processed in parallel in layers, and the task of calculating the carbon emission intensity of each electric node can be decomposed into multiple levels to process different parts of the matrix data, thereby shortening the calculation time and improving the efficiency of determining the carbon emission intensity of the electric node.

[0289] It should be noted that the specific limitations of the embodiments of the one or more carbon emission intensity determination devices provided above can be found in the limitations of the carbon emission intensity determination method described above and will not be repeated here. Each module of the above-mentioned device can be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. Each module can be embedded in or independent of a computer device's processor in hardware form, or can be stored in a computer device's memory in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0290] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer device, which includes: a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory; the processor is used to execute the computer program in the memory to implement the method for determining carbon emission intensity provided in the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0291] For example, Figure 10 FIG1 is a block diagram of a computer device 1000 provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Generally, the computer device 1000 includes: a processor 1001 and a memory 1002.

[0292] Processor 1001 may include one or more processing cores, such as a quad-core processor or an octa-core processor. Processor 1001 may be implemented in at least one of the following hardware forms: digital signal processing (DSP), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and programmable logic array (PLA). Processor 1001 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor is used to process data in the awake state, also known as a central processing unit (CPU); the coprocessor is a low-power processor used to process data in the standby state. In some embodiments, processor 1001 may be integrated with a graphics processing unit (GPU), which is responsible for rendering and drawing content required to be displayed on the display screen. In some embodiments, processor 1001 may also include an artificial intelligence (AI) processor, which is used to handle computational operations related to machine learning.

[0293] Memory 1002 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. Memory 1002 may also include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices or flash memory storage devices. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium in memory 1002 is used to store at least one instruction, which is executed by processor 1001 to implement the carbon emission intensity determination method provided in various method embodiments of this application.

[0294] In some embodiments, the computer device 1000 may optionally further include an input interface 1003 and an output interface 1004. The processor 1001, memory 1002, and the input interface 1003 and output interface 1004 may be connected via a bus or signal lines. Various peripheral devices may be connected to the input interface 1003 and output interface 1004 via a bus, signal lines, or circuit boards. The input interface 1003 and output interface 1004 may be used to connect at least one input / output (I / O)-related peripheral device to the processor 1001 and memory 1002. In some embodiments, the processor 1001, memory 1002, and the input interface 1003 and output interface 1004 are integrated on the same chip or circuit board. In other embodiments, any one or two of the processor 1001, memory 1002, and the input interface 1003 and output interface 1004 may be implemented on separate chips or circuit boards, although this is not a limitation in the present embodiments.

[0295] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 10 The structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the computer device 1000, and the computer device 1000 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine some components, or adopt a different component arrangement.

[0296] In an exemplary embodiment, the present application provides a chip, which includes a programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions. When the chip runs on a computer device, it is used to implement the method for determining carbon emission intensity provided by the above-mentioned various method embodiments.

[0297] In an exemplary embodiment, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the method for determining carbon emission intensity provided by each of the above method embodiments.

[0298] In an exemplary embodiment, the present application provides a computer program product or computer program, comprising computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the processor of the computer device to load and execute the computer instructions to implement the method for determining carbon emission intensity provided in the above method embodiment.

[0299] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present application are for description only and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0300] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps to implement the above embodiments may be accomplished by hardware, or may be accomplished by a program to instruct the relevant hardware, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which may be a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk, etc.

[0301] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that in one or more of the above examples, the functions described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, these functions can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media include any media that facilitates the transmission of computer programs from one place to another. The storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0302] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for determining carbon emission intensity, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquiring power flow data of at least two power nodes in a power system, wherein a power transmission relationship exists between the at least two power nodes, the power flow data being used to characterize the amount of electric energy flow in the power transmission relationship; An electric power carbon flow matrix is constructed based on the electric power flow data, wherein the electric power carbon flow matrix includes main diagonal elements and non-main diagonal elements; the main diagonal elements corresponding to the n-th electric node represent the carbon emissions of the electric energy consumed by the n-th electric node, and the electric energy consumed includes output line loss electric energy, and the output line loss electric energy represents the loss generated when the electric energy is transmitted from the n-th electric node to the output line; the non-main diagonal elements corresponding to the n-th electric node represent the carbon emissions of the electric energy contributed by the input node to the n-th electric node, and the input node is a node among the at least two electric nodes that outputs electric energy to the n-th electric node, and the contributed electric energy includes input line loss electric energy, and the input line loss electric energy represents the loss generated when the electric energy is transmitted from the input line corresponding to the input node to the n-th electric node, and n is a positive integer; Constructing a power generation carbon amount matrix, wherein the power generation carbon amount matrix includes power generation carbon amount data corresponding to the at least two power nodes respectively, and the power generation carbon amount data of the nth power node represents the carbon emissions of the power generation equipment connected to the nth power node; The power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon amount matrix are processed in parallel in layers to obtain the carbon emission intensities corresponding to the at least two power nodes.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The hierarchical parallel processing of the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon amount matrix to obtain the carbon emission intensities corresponding to the at least two power nodes includes: hierarchically and in parallel, processing the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon amount matrix to determine a node carbon balance relationship corresponding to each of the at least two nodes, wherein the node carbon balance relationship corresponding to the nth power node represents that the carbon emissions corresponding to the consumed electric energy of the nth power node, the carbon emissions corresponding to the contributed electric energy of the input node to the nth power node, and the power generation carbon amount data of the nth power node are balanced; Based on the node carbon balance relationships respectively corresponding to the at least two nodes, the carbon emission intensities respectively corresponding to the at least two power nodes are determined.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The hierarchical parallel processing of the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon amount matrix to obtain the carbon emission intensities corresponding to the at least two power nodes includes: Layering the at least two power nodes according to the power grid topology data corresponding to the at least two power nodes to obtain C sublayers, where C is an integer greater than 1; Based on the carbon emission intensity of the power nodes included in the rth sublayer, the carbon emission intensity of the power nodes included in the r+1th sublayer is determined according to the sub-power carbon flow matrix corresponding to the r+1th sublayer in the power carbon flow matrix and the sub-power generation carbon amount matrix corresponding to the r+1th sublayer in the power generation carbon amount matrix; r is a positive integer and r≤C; After the traversal of the C sub-layers is completed, the carbon emission intensities corresponding to the at least two power nodes are obtained.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The step of stratifying the at least two power nodes according to the power grid topology data corresponding to the at least two power nodes to obtain C sub-layers includes: The at least two power nodes are layered according to the power grid topology data corresponding to the at least two power nodes to obtain a first sublayer, a second sublayer, and a third sublayer, wherein the first sublayer includes power station nodes among the at least two power nodes, the second sublayer includes transmission station nodes among the at least two power nodes, and the third sublayer includes load station nodes among the at least two power nodes; The carbon emission intensity of the power nodes included in the rth sublayer is determined based on the sub-power carbon flow matrix corresponding to the r+1th sublayer in the power carbon flow matrix and the sub-power generation carbon amount matrix corresponding to the r+1th sublayer in the power generation carbon amount matrix, including: Determine a first carbon emission intensity of a power station node included in the first sublayer according to the sub-power carbon flow matrix corresponding to the first sublayer in the power carbon flow matrix and the sub-power generation carbon amount matrix corresponding to the first sublayer in the power generation carbon amount matrix; Based on the first carbon emission intensity of the power station node in the first sublayer, determine the second carbon emission intensity of the transmission station node included in the second sublayer according to the sub-power carbon flow matrix corresponding to the second sublayer in the power carbon flow matrix and the sub-power generation carbon amount matrix corresponding to the second sublayer in the power generation carbon amount matrix; Based on the second carbon emission intensity of the transmission station node in the second sublayer, the third carbon emission intensity of the power station node contained in the third sublayer is determined according to the sub-power carbon flow matrix corresponding to the third sublayer in the power carbon flow matrix and the sub-power generation carbon quantity matrix corresponding to the third sublayer in the power generation carbon quantity matrix.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The constructing of the power carbon flow matrix based on the power flow data includes: determining, based on the power flow data, an amount of carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy contributed by the input node to the nth power node, wherein the amount of carbon emissions corresponding to the electric energy contributed by the nth power node is determined by the input electric energy and the input line loss electric energy; the input electric energy refers to the electric energy output by the input node to the nth power node; Determining non-main diagonal elements corresponding to the at least two power nodes respectively according to carbon emissions corresponding to the contributed electric energies respectively corresponding to the at least two power nodes; determining, based on the power flow data, an amount of carbon emissions corresponding to the consumed power of the nth power node, wherein the amount of carbon emissions corresponding to the consumed power is determined by the output power and the output line loss power; Determining main diagonal elements corresponding to the at least two power nodes respectively according to carbon emissions corresponding to the power consumption corresponding to the at least two power nodes respectively; The power carbon flow matrix is constructed based on the non-main diagonal elements and main diagonal elements corresponding to the at least two power nodes respectively.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The determining, based on the power flow data, the carbon emissions corresponding to the consumed electric energy of the nth power node includes: Based on the power flow data, obtaining first electric energy output by the input node to the nth power node as the input electric energy, and obtaining second electric energy received by the nth power node through the input line; calculating a difference between the first electric energy and the second electric energy as the input line loss electric energy; The carbon emissions corresponding to the contributed electric energy of the input node to the nth power node are determined according to the carbon emissions corresponding to the input electric energy and the carbon emissions corresponding to the input line loss electric energy.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The output electric energy includes at least one of output node electric energy and load electric energy, the output node electric energy refers to the electric energy output by the n-th power node to the output node, the output node refers to the power node among the at least two power nodes that receives the electric energy transmitted by the n-th power node, and the output node is connected to the n-th power node via the output line; The load electric energy refers to the electric energy consumed by the electric equipment connected to the nth power node.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The output electric energy includes the output node electric energy and the load electric energy; The determining, based on the power flow data, the carbon emissions corresponding to the consumed electric energy of the nth power node includes: Based on the power flow data, obtaining third electric energy output by the nth power node to the output node to obtain the output node electric energy, obtaining fourth electric energy consumed by the electric device connected to the nth power node as the load electric energy, and obtaining fifth electric energy received by the output node through the output line; Calculating the difference between the third electric energy and the fifth electric energy to obtain the output line loss electric energy; The carbon emissions corresponding to the consumed electric energy of the nth power node are determined according to the carbon emissions corresponding to the output node electric energy, the carbon emissions corresponding to the load electric energy and the output line loss electric energy.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The construction of the power generation carbon matrix includes: Obtaining carbon emission factors and power generation corresponding to power generation equipment respectively connected to the at least two power nodes; Determining power generation carbon data corresponding to the at least two power nodes respectively according to the carbon emission factor and the power generation; The power generation carbon amount matrix is constructed based on the power generation carbon amount data corresponding to the at least two power nodes.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: After obtaining the carbon emission intensities corresponding to the at least two power nodes, the method further includes: Displaying a carbon flow topology diagram based on the carbon emission intensities respectively corresponding to the at least two power nodes, wherein the carbon flow topology diagram represents a carbon flow path between the at least two regional nodes and the carbon emission intensities respectively corresponding to the at least two regional nodes; Among them, each regional node corresponds to at least one power node among the at least two power nodes, the carbon emission intensity corresponding to the kth regional node is determined by the carbon emission intensity of at least one power node corresponding to the kth regional node, and k is a positive integer.

11. A device for determining carbon emission intensity, characterized in that: The device comprises: an acquisition module, configured to acquire power flow data of at least two power nodes in a power system, wherein a power transmission relationship exists between the at least two power nodes, and wherein the power flow data is used to characterize the amount of electric energy flow in the power transmission relationship; A construction module is used to construct an electric carbon flow matrix based on the electric power flow data, wherein the electric carbon flow matrix includes main diagonal elements and non-main diagonal elements; the main diagonal elements corresponding to the nth electric node represent the carbon emissions of the electric energy consumed by the nth electric node, the electric energy consumed includes output line loss electric energy, and the output line loss electric energy represents the loss generated when the electric energy is transmitted from the nth electric node to the output line; the non-main diagonal elements corresponding to the nth electric node represent the carbon emissions of the electric energy contributed by the input node to the nth electric node, the input node is a node among the at least two electric nodes that outputs electric energy to the nth electric node, the contributed electric energy includes input line loss electric energy, and the input line loss electric energy represents the loss generated when the electric energy is transmitted from the input line corresponding to the input node to the nth electric node, and n is a positive integer; construct a power generation carbon amount matrix, wherein the power generation carbon amount matrix includes power generation carbon amount data corresponding to the at least two electric nodes respectively, and the power generation carbon amount data of the nth electric node represents the carbon emissions of the power generation equipment connected to the nth electric node; The processing module is used to process the power carbon flow matrix and the power generation carbon amount matrix in parallel in layers to obtain the carbon emission intensities corresponding to the at least two power nodes.

12. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one program, and the at least one program is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the method for determining carbon emission intensity according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

13. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The storage medium stores at least one program, and the at least one program is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the method for determining carbon emission intensity according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

14. A computer program product, characterized in that The method comprises a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for determining carbon emission intensity according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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