Heat sinks, battery packs, and electrical equipment

Abstract

A heat sink, a battery pack, and an electrical device, wherein the heat sink includes a phase change chamber and an exhaust chamber, wherein the phase change chamber and the exhaust chamber are connected, wherein the phase change chamber is used to fill a phase change material, and wherein an exhaust port is provided in the exhaust chamber, wherein the exhaust port is used to exhaust gas to the outside. The technical solution of the present application provides an exhaust chamber between the phase change chamber and the exhaust port, wherein when the phase change material enters the exhaust chamber, the vaporized phase change material can be discharged from the heat sink through the exhaust port, and the liquid or fixed phase change material can be retained in the exhaust chamber. In this way, the waste of phase change material can be reduced, and the utilization efficiency of the heat sink for the phase change material can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of heat dissipation technology, and in particular to a heat dissipation component, a battery pack, and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] During the use of the battery pack, overcharging, over-discharging, short circuiting, puncturing, and extrusion of the battery pack may cause thermal runaway of a battery module in the battery pack. In order to slow down the rate of thermal runaway of the battery cells in the battery pack, a heat sink is usually installed between adjacent battery cells in the battery pack. The heat sink has a phase change cavity filled with phase change material. The phase change material is used to absorb heat and vaporize when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell, thereby taking away the heat from the battery cell and the surface of the heat sink, thereby taking away the heat from the battery cell and slowing down the spread of thermal runaway of the battery cell.

[0003] During the continuous vaporization of the phase change material, the volume of the phase change material increases, and the air pressure in the phase change cavity also increases. In order to prevent the air pressure after the phase change material vaporizes from damaging the seal, an exhaust port is usually provided in the phase change cavity to allow the vaporized phase change material in the phase change cavity to be discharged to the outside.

[0004] However, as the vaporized phase change material is discharged, the unvaporized phase change material may also be discharged outward from the exhaust port under the pressure of the air pressure, resulting in material waste and affecting the utilization efficiency of the phase change material by the heat sink. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a heat sink, a battery pack and an electrical device, aiming to solve the problem in the related art that the unvaporized phase change material in the heat sink will be discharged outward from the exhaust port along with the vaporized phase change material.

[0006] To achieve the purpose of the present application, in a first aspect, the present application provides a heat sink, the heat sink comprising a phase change cavity and an exhaust cavity, the phase change cavity and the exhaust cavity are connected, and the phase change cavity is used to fill a phase change material;

[0007] The exhaust cavity is provided with an exhaust port, and the exhaust port is used to exhaust gas to the outside.

[0008] In a possible implementation, in the height direction of the heat sink, the length of the exhaust cavity is L1, the distance between the exhaust port and the bottom wall of the exhaust cavity is L2, and 0.5*L1≤L2<L1.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the exhaust cavity is provided with a plurality of exhaust ports, the exhaust ports are spaced apart along the height direction of the heat sink, the diameter of the exhaust ports is D1, the distance between adjacent exhaust ports is L3, and 0.8*D1≤L3≤1.2*D1.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the thickness of the heat sink is L4, the diameter of the exhaust port is D1, and 0.5*L4≤D1<L4.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the heat sink includes a support frame and a seal, the support frame is formed with a first through groove and a second through groove, the first through groove and the seal form the exhaust cavity, and the second through groove and the seal form the phase change cavity.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the support frame includes a first supporting beam portion and a second supporting beam portion connected to each other, and the first supporting beam portion is surrounded to form the first through slot;

[0013] The second supporting beam portion and at least a portion of the first supporting beam portion surround and form the second through groove.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, the first through groove and the second through groove are respectively arranged on two sides of the first supporting beam portion.

[0015] In a possible implementation, in the height direction of the heat sink, the sum of the lengths of the first through-groove and the second through-groove is L5, the length of the first through-groove is L1, and 0.2*L5≤L1≤0.25*L5.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner, the first through slot and the second through slot are provided on the same side of the first supporting beam portion.

[0017] In a possible implementation, in the height direction of the heat sink, the maximum length of the second through groove is L6, the length of the first through groove is L1, and 0.2*L6≤L1≤0.25*L6.

[0018] In a possible implementation, in the thickness direction of the heat sink, the length of the first support beam portion is L7, the length of the second support beam portion is L8, and L7>L8.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the heat sink further includes a support structure, and the support structure is disposed in the phase change cavity;

[0020] The support structure is used to contact the battery core in the thickness direction of the heat sink.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the heat sink includes a plurality of support structures, and the support structures are arranged at intervals along a length direction of the heat sink; and / or

[0022] The distance between adjacent support structures is L9, 50mm≤L9≤200mm.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the support structure includes a support portion and a connection portion, and the support portion is used to contact the battery core in a thickness direction of the heat sink;

[0024] The connecting portion is connected between the inner wall of the phase change cavity and the supporting portion.

[0025] In a possible implementation manner, the material density of the connecting portion is smaller than the material density of the supporting portion, and / or the thickness of the connecting portion is smaller than the thickness of the supporting portion.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the support structure includes a plurality of support portions, each of the support portions is arranged at intervals along a height direction of the heat sink, and the connecting portion is connected between each adjacent support portion; and / or

[0027] The distance between adjacent support portions is L10, 35 mm ≤ L10 ≤ 140 mm; and / or

[0028] The diameter of the support portion is D2, 3mm≤D2≤12mm.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the support portion is provided with a through hole, and the through hole penetrates the support portion along a thickness direction of the heat sink;

[0030] The through hole is used to fill the phase change material.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the length of the phase change cavity is L11, the diameter of the through hole is D3, and 0.5*L11≤D3.

[0032] In a possible implementation manner, a hole wall of the through hole is provided with a notch, and the through hole is connected with the phase change cavity through the notch.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present application further proposes a battery pack, the battery pack comprising a battery cell and a heat sink, the battery cells are arranged in close contact, and the heat sink is arranged between at least two battery cells; the heat sink comprises a phase change cavity and an exhaust cavity, the phase change cavity and the exhaust cavity are connected, and the phase change cavity is used to fill a phase change material;

[0034] The exhaust cavity is provided with an exhaust port, and the exhaust port is used to exhaust gas to the outside.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the heat sink includes a support frame and a sealing member, the support frame is formed with a first through groove and a second through groove, the first through groove and the sealing member are surrounded to form the exhaust cavity, and the second through groove and the sealing member are surrounded to form the phase change cavity;

[0036] The battery cell comprises a first battery cell and a second battery cell, wherein the first battery cell and the second battery cell are respectively arranged on both sides of the heat dissipation element, and the first battery cell and the second battery cell constitute a sealing element.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the first battery cell has a first surface, and the first surface is recessed toward a side away from the second battery cell to form a first groove;

[0038] The second battery cell has a second surface, the second surface is recessed toward a side away from the first battery cell to form a second groove, and the second groove and the first groove are surrounded to form a sealed space;

[0039] The support frame includes a main body and a sealing edge, wherein the sealing edge is arranged around the outer edge of the main body, the main body is arranged in the sealed space, and the sealing edge extends out of the sealed space and contacts the first surface and the second surface.

[0040] In a third aspect, the present application further proposes an electrical device, the electrical device comprising a battery pack, the battery pack comprising battery cells and a heat sink, the battery cells being arranged in close contact, and the heat sink being provided between at least two battery cells; the heat sink comprising a phase change cavity and an exhaust cavity, the phase change cavity being connected to the exhaust cavity, and the phase change cavity being used to fill a phase change material;

[0041] The exhaust cavity is provided with an exhaust port, and the exhaust port is used to exhaust gas to the outside.

[0042] The technical solution of the present application sets an exhaust cavity between the phase change cavity and the exhaust port. When the phase change material enters the exhaust cavity, the vaporized phase change material can be discharged from the heat sink through the exhaust port, and the liquid or fixed phase change material can be left in the exhaust cavity. In this way, the waste of phase change material is reduced and the utilization efficiency of the heat sink for the phase change material is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a battery pack provided in this application;

[0045] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Exploded diagram of

[0046] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram of the heat sink;

[0047] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of

[0048] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the middle exhaust cavity;

[0049] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Exploded view of the heat sink;

[0050] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram of the middle heat sink from another viewing angle;

[0051] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of

[0052] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A magnified view at point A;

[0053] Fig.10 for Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a middle support frame;

[0054] Fig.11 for Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the middle support frame;

[0055] Fig.12 for Fig.11 A partial schematic diagram at one viewing angle;

[0056] Fig.13 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the coordination between the middle support frame and the battery cell;

[0057] Fig.14 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the coordination between the middle support structure and the battery cell;

[0058] Fig.15 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a middle support structure;

[0059] Fig.16 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the middle support structure;

[0060] Fig.17 for Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective.

[0061] Description of reference numerals:

[0062] 1000-battery pack;

[0063] 200 - battery cell, 210 - first battery cell, 211 - first surface, 212 - first groove, 220 - second battery cell, 221 - second surface, 222 - second groove;

[0064] 100- heat sink;

[0065] 1-phase change chamber, 2-exhaust chamber, 3-exhaust port;

[0066] 4-support frame, 41-first through slot, 411-air inlet, 42-second through slot, 43-first supporting beam, 44-second supporting beam, 45-main body, 46-sealing edge;

[0067] 5- Seal;

[0068] 6-support structure, 61-support portion, 611-through hole, 612-notch, 62-connecting portion;

[0069] 7- Airway. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0071] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there can be a central component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there can be a central component at the same time.

[0072] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in this application and in the specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used in this application includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0073] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0074] The present application proposes an electrical device, which can be a vehicle, a ship, an aircraft, or an energy storage device, and the present application does not limit this. For example, taking a vehicle as an example, when the electrical device is a vehicle, the vehicle can be an electric vehicle, a fuel vehicle, or a hybrid vehicle. The vehicle can be a car, a truck, or a forklift, and the present application does not limit this.

[0075] The vehicle includes a vehicle body, electronic devices and a battery pack. The vehicle body serves as the supporting body of the vehicle and is used to provide support and connection for various components of the vehicle. The electronic device is arranged in the vehicle body. The electronic device can be a motor, a dashboard, or a window lifting mechanism. This application does not limit this. The battery pack is stored in the vehicle body and is connected to the electronic device. The battery pack is used to store and release electrical energy to supply the electronic device.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The battery pack 1000 includes a battery cell 200 and a heat sink 100. It can be understood that in other possible implementations of the present application, the battery pack 1000 may also include a box body, and the battery cell 200 and the heat sink 100 are arranged in the box body.

[0077] The battery cell 200 serves as an energy storage unit of the battery pack 1000, and is used to store and release electrical energy. The heat sink 100 is disposed between the battery cells 200 and the battery cells 200. It should be noted that the heat sink 100 and the battery cells 200 may be disposed in such a manner that a heat sink 100 is disposed for every other battery cell 200, or a heat sink 100 is disposed for every two battery cells 200, and this application does not impose any limitation on this. The heat sink 100 is used to take away the heat of the battery cell 200 when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 200, thereby slowing down the spread of thermal runaway of the battery cell 200 in the battery pack 1000.

[0078] In the related art, in order to achieve heat dissipation of the battery cell 200, a phase change cavity is provided in the heat dissipation element 100, and the phase change cavity is filled with a phase change material. The phase change material is used to absorb heat and vaporize when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 200, thereby taking away the heat of the battery cell 200 and slowing down the spread of thermal runaway of the battery cell 200. During the vaporization process of the phase change material, the volume of the phase change material increases, and the air pressure in the phase change cavity will also increase accordingly. In order to prevent the air pressure after the phase change material vaporizes from damaging the sealing body, an exhaust port is usually provided in the phase change cavity, and the exhaust port is used to allow the vaporized phase change material in the phase change cavity to be discharged to the outside.

[0079] However, as the vaporized phase change material is discharged, the unvaporized phase change material may also be discharged from the exhaust port under the entrainment and compression of the vaporized phase change material, resulting in material waste.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 3In order to solve the above problems, in the present application, the heat sink 100 includes a phase change chamber 1 and an exhaust chamber 2, wherein the phase change chamber 1 and the exhaust chamber 2 are connected, and the phase change chamber 1 is used to fill the phase change material; the exhaust chamber 2 is provided with an exhaust port, and the exhaust port 3 is used to exhaust the gas to the outside. The technical solution of the present application sets the exhaust chamber 2 between the phase change chamber 1 and the exhaust port 3. When the phase change material enters the exhaust chamber 2, the vaporized phase change material can be discharged from the heat sink 100 through the exhaust port 3, and the liquid or fixed phase change material can be left in the exhaust chamber 2. In this way, the waste of phase change material can be reduced and the utilization efficiency of the heat sink 100 for the phase change material can be improved.

[0081] Hereinafter, the heat sink 100 provided in the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 3 The heat sink 100 has a phase change cavity 1, an exhaust cavity 2 and an exhaust port 3. The phase change cavity 1 is used to fill the phase change material, which can be water, gel or paraffin, and the present application does not limit this. The phase change material is used to vaporize when heated, thereby taking away the heat from the sealing member 5 and the surface of the battery cell 200. The exhaust port 3 is used to discharge the phase change material after phase change to the outside, thereby taking away the heat from the heat sink 100.

[0083] In one embodiment of the present application, the heat sink 100 includes an air duct 7 and a pressure valve (not shown in the figure). One end of the air duct 7 is connected to the exhaust port 3, and the other end extends to the outside of the battery pack 1000. In this way, the gas from the exhaust port 3 is discharged to the outside of the battery pack 1000. The pressure valve is arranged in the air duct 7. When the battery cell 200 has thermal runaway, the vaporized phase change material in the heat sink 100 will cause the pressure of the air duct 7 to increase. When the pressure of the air duct 7 is greater than the preset pressure of the pressure valve, the pressure valve is opened, and the phase change material in the air duct 7 can be discharged to the outside through the air duct 7. When the battery cell 200 operates normally, the pressure valve is closed to prevent external water vapor and impurities from entering the heat sink 100 through the air duct 7 and contaminating the phase change material in the heat sink 100.

[0084] The exhaust chamber 2 is arranged between the exhaust port 3 and the phase change chamber 1, and an air inlet 411 is arranged between the exhaust chamber 2 and the phase change chamber 1, and the exhaust chamber and the phase change chamber are connected through the air inlet 411. When the phase change material in the phase change chamber is vaporized, the phase change material can enter the exhaust chamber through the air inlet 411. After the phase change material is exhausted from the exhaust chamber 2, the vaporized phase change material can be discharged from the heat sink 100 through the exhaust port 3, while the phase change material that still remains in liquid or solid state can be deposited in the exhaust chamber 2 under the action of gravity. This part of the phase change material can flow back into the phase change chamber 1 through the air inlet 411, or can be vaporized and absorb heat when the heat sink 100 is heated again, thereby taking away the heat from the surface of the battery cell 200 and the heat sink 100, thereby improving the utilization rate of the heat sink 100 for the phase change material.

[0085] In one embodiment of the present application, the heat sink 100 includes a liquid diaphragm (not shown in the figure), and the material of the liquid diaphragm can be ternary rubber or polytetrafluoroethylene propylene, which is not limited in the present application. The liquid diaphragm cover is arranged on one side of the air inlet 411, and the liquid diaphragm is used to allow the vaporized phase change material to pass through while preventing the unvaporized phase change material from passing through, so as to reduce the possibility of the unvaporized phase change material entering the exhaust chamber 2, thereby reducing the possibility of the unvaporized phase change material being discharged from the heat sink 100 through the exhaust port 3, and improving the utilization efficiency of the heat sink 100 for the phase change material.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 4 In order to improve the utilization rate of the phase change material of the heat sink 100, in one embodiment of the present application, in the height direction of the heat sink 100, the length of the exhaust cavity 2 is L1, the distance between the exhaust port 3 and the bottom wall of the exhaust cavity 2 is L2, and L1 and L2 satisfy the relationship: 0.5*L1≤L2<L1. It should be noted that the height direction of the heat sink 100 is the direction of gravity on which the heat sink 100 is subjected.

[0087] The length L1 of the exhaust cavity 2 is the longest distance between any two points of the exhaust cavity 2 in the height direction of the heat sink 100. When the cross section of the exhaust cavity 2 is a regular rectangular surface, the length of the exhaust cavity 2 is the distance between the upper side and the lower side of the rectangle. When the cross section of the exhaust cavity 2 is a circle, the length of the exhaust cavity 2 is the diameter of the circle. When the cross section of the exhaust cavity 2 is an irregular shape, the length of the exhaust cavity 2 is the longest distance of the shape in the height direction of the heat sink 100.

[0088] The bottom wall of the exhaust cavity 2 is a wall in the exhaust cavity 2 used to support the liquid or solid phase change material. The distance between the exhaust port 3 and the bottom wall of the exhaust cavity 2 is L2, that is, the distance between the central axis of the exhaust port 3 and the bottom wall. When the bottom wall of the exhaust cavity 2 is a plane, the distance between the exhaust port 3 and the bottom wall of the exhaust cavity 2 is the distance between the central axis of the exhaust port 3 and the plane. When the bottom wall is an arc, an inclined surface or other irregular shape, the distance between the exhaust port 3 and the bottom wall of the exhaust cavity 2 is the distance between the central axis of the exhaust port 3 and the highest point of the bottom surface.

[0089] L1 and L2 satisfy the relationship: 0.5*L1≤L2<L1, which means that the minimum distance between the central axis of the exhaust port 3 and the bottom wall of the exhaust chamber 2 is at least more than half of the height of the exhaust chamber 2. In this way, it is ensured that there is a sufficient spacing distance between the exhaust port 3 and the groove wall of the exhaust chamber 2, thereby reducing the possibility of unvaporized phase change material leaving the phase change chamber 1 from the exhaust port 3, and improving the utilization rate of the phase change material by the heat sink 100.

[0090] The exhaust port 3 may be provided with one or two, and this application does not limit this. Figure 5 In one possible implementation of the present application, the exhaust port 3 is provided in multiple forms, and the exhaust cavity 2 is provided with multiple exhaust ports 3, and the exhaust ports 3 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the heat sink 100, and the diameter of the exhaust port 3 is D1, and the spacing between each adjacent exhaust port 3 is L3, and D1 and L3 satisfy the following relationship: 0.8*D1≤L3≤1.2*D1. Under this size restriction, the exhaust resistance of the exhaust cavity 2 will not increase due to the too close distance between the exhaust ports 3, thereby affecting the flow rate of the phase change material. The exhaust ports 3 will not be too far apart, resulting in a reduction in the caliber and number of the exhaust ports 3 that can be set, thereby affecting the exhaust efficiency of the heat sink 100.

[0091] Meanwhile, in another embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the heat sink 100 is L4, the diameter of the exhaust port 3 is D1, and L4 and D1 satisfy the relationship: 0.5*L4≤D1<L4. In this way, the exhaust port 3 can have a diameter for exhaust, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust port 3.

[0092] The heat sink 100 may be an integral component or a split component. Figure 6 and Figure 7In one possible implementation mode of the present application, the heat sink 100 includes a support frame 4 and a sealing member 5. The support frame 4 serves as the skeleton of the heat sink 100 and is used to support and connect the various components of the heat sink 100. The support frame 4 is formed with a first through groove 41 and a second through groove 42. The sealing member 5 is sealed and connected to the front and rear sides of the support frame 4. The sealing member 5 and the first through groove 41 are arranged to form an exhaust cavity 2, and the sealing member 5 and the second through groove 42 are arranged to form a phase change cavity 1. Compared with the one-piece molding of the heat sink 100, splitting the heat sink 100 into the structure of the support frame 4 and the sealing member 5 can reduce the materials used to make the heat sink 100 and reduce the production cost of the heat sink 100. At the same time, after the heat sink 100 is used, the remaining support frame 4 can be recycled and reused to reduce material loss.

[0093] The structure of the seal 5 can be various. In one embodiment of the present application, the seal 5 is a sealing film, which can be polyimide (PI) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The present application does not impose any limitation on this. The seal 5 is coated on the outside of the heat sink 100 to form a seal outside the heat sink 100.

[0094] Please refer to Figure 8 and Fig. 9 In one embodiment of the present application, the sealing member 5 is composed of a battery cell 200. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the battery cell 200 includes a first battery cell 210 and a second battery cell 220. The first battery cell 210 and the second battery cell 220 are disposed on both sides of the heat sink 100. The first battery cell 210 has a first surface 211, which is recessed toward the side away from the second battery cell 220 to form a first groove 212. The second battery cell 220 has a second surface 221, which is recessed toward the side away from the first battery cell 210 to form a second groove 222. The second groove 222 and the first groove 212 are surrounded to form a sealed space. The heat sink 100 is disposed in the sealed space. The first through groove 41 of the heat sink 100 and the groove wall of the first groove 212 and the groove wall of the second groove 222 are surrounded to form an exhaust cavity 2. The second through groove 42 of the heat sink 100 and the groove wall of the first groove 212 and the groove wall of the second groove 222 are surrounded to form a phase change cavity 1. The sealing member 5 formed by the battery cell eliminates the need for a sealing film. After the heat sink 100 is manufactured, it can be directly assembled with the battery cell, thereby reducing the manufacturing process of the heat sink 100 and the manufacturing cost of the heat sink 100 .

[0095] The support frame 4 also includes a main body 45 and a sealing edge 46. The sealing edge 46 is arranged around the outer edge of the main body 45, and the sealing edge 46 is made of a soft material such as rubber or resin. The main body 45 is arranged in a sealed space, and the sealing edge 46 extends out of the sealed space and contacts the first surface 211 and the second surface 221. The sealing edge 46 can be quickly filled between the first surface 211 and the second surface 221 under the extrusion of the first surface 211 and the second surface 221, thereby reducing the contact gap between the first surface 211 and the second surface 221, and reducing the possibility of the phase change material in the sealed space leaking out through the joint between the first surface 211 and the second surface 221.

[0096] Please refer to Fig.10 The support frame 4 further includes a first support beam portion 43 and a second support beam portion 44 connected to each other, and the first support beam portion 43 and the second support beam portion 44 constitute a main body 45 of the support frame. The first support beam portion 43 surrounds the first through slot 41, and the second support beam portion 44 and at least part of the first support beam portion 43 surround the second through slot 42. The positions of the first through slot 41 and the second through slot 42 can be various.

[0097] In one embodiment of the present application, the first through groove 41 and the second through groove 42 are respectively arranged on both sides of the first support beam portion 43, so that the first through groove 41 can have sufficient space to extend along the length direction of the heat sink 100, thereby extending the contact length between the first through groove 41 and the second through groove 42, increasing the connection area between the second through groove 42 and the first through groove 41, increasing the flow speed of the phase change material from the second through groove 42 to the first through groove 41, and improving the heat dissipation effect of the heat sink 100.

[0098] The size of the first through groove 41 determines the exhaust efficiency of the heat sink 100. When the first through groove 41 and the second through groove 42 are arranged on both sides of the second support beam 44, if the area of ​​the first through groove 41 is too small, the exhaust resistance of the heat sink 100 will increase, and the possibility of the vaporized phase change material squeezing the seal will increase. If the area of ​​the first through groove 41 is too large, the volume of the heat sink 100 will increase. At the same time, the excessive area will also increase the flow path of the vaporized phase change material in the first through groove 41, thereby reducing the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust chamber 2 for the phase change material in reverse. Therefore, in one embodiment of the present application, in the height direction of the heat sink 100, the sum of the lengths of the first through groove 41 and the second through groove 42 is L5, and the length of the first through groove 41 is L1, 0.2*L5≤L1≤0.25*L5. Under this size restriction, the first through groove 41 will not reduce the number and diameter of the exhaust port 3 due to the small exhaust height, increase the exhaust resistance of the heat sink 100, and increase the possibility of the seal 5 being squeezed and damaged by the phase change material. The volume of the heat sink 100 will not be increased due to the excessive exhaust height.

[0099] Please refer to Fig.11 In another possible implementation of the present application, the first through slot 41 and the second through slot 42 are disposed on the same side of the first support beam 43. The first through slot 41 and the second through slot 42 can support each other, thereby improving the material strength of the first through slot 41 and the second through slot 42, improving the anti-extrusion capability of the first through slot 41 and the second through slot 42, and reducing the influence of external pressure on the flow of the phase change material in the first through slot 41 and the second through slot 42.

[0100] Similarly, in this embodiment, if the area of ​​the first through groove 41 is too small, the exhaust resistance of the heat sink 100 will increase, and the possibility of the vaporized phase change material squeezing the seal will increase. If the area of ​​the first through groove 41 is too large, it will occupy the space of the second through groove 42 and reduce the content of the phase change material in the second through groove 42. Therefore, in one embodiment of the present application, the maximum length of the second through groove 42 is L6, and the length of the first through groove 41 is L1, 0.2*L6≤L1≤0.25*L6. Under this size restriction, the first through groove 41 will not reduce the number and diameter of the exhaust ports 3 due to the exhaust height being too small, increase the exhaust resistance of the heat sink 100, and increase the possibility of the seal 5 being squeezed and damaged by the phase change material. The first through groove 41 will not occupy the space of the second through groove 42 due to the exhaust height being too high, affecting the fillable volume of the phase change material and the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat sink 100.

[0101] The number of the first through slots 41 can be one or more, and the present application does not limit this. For example, in the present embodiment, the first through slots 41 are multiple and are spaced apart along the length direction of the heat sink 100, so as to reduce the length of a single first through slot 41 in the length direction of the heat sink 100, reduce the flow resistance of the phase change material in the first through slot 41, increase the exhaust speed of the first through slot 41, and improve the heat dissipation effect of the heat sink 100.

[0102] Please refer to Fig.12 and Fig.13In one embodiment of the present application, in the thickness direction of the heat sink 100, the length of the first support beam 43 is L7, and the length of the second support beam 44 is L8, and L7>L8. In this way, when the heat sink 100 is assembled with the battery cell 200, the first support beam 43 of the heat sink 100 will contact the battery cell 200, and under the pressure of the battery cell 200, it will move toward the direction close to the seal 5, thereby improving the sealing ability of the seal 5 for the first through groove 41 and reducing the possibility of the vaporized phase change gas leaking out from the first through groove 41. Since the thickness of the second support beam 44 in the thickness direction of the heat sink 100 is less than the thickness of the first support beam 43 in the thickness direction of the heat sink 100, the thickness of the phase change cavity 1 formed by the second support beam 44 in the thickness direction of the heat sink 100 should also be less than the thickness of the exhaust cavity 2 formed by the first support beam 43 in the thickness direction of the heat sink 100.

[0103] Therefore, when the first support beam 43 abuts against the battery cells 200 on both sides of the heat sink 100, the phase change material disposed in the second support beam 44 will be spaced apart from the battery cells 200, thereby increasing the thermal resistance between the battery cells 200 and the phase change material, slowing down the speed at which the heat of the battery cells 200 spreads to the phase change material, and delaying the speed at which the heat of the battery cells 200 spreads after thermal runaway in the battery pack 1000. At the same time, the spacing between the phase change material and the battery cells 200 can also leave space for the expansion of the battery cells 200, thereby preventing the battery cells 200 from expanding due to thermal runaway and squeezing the phase change material, thereby squeezing the phase change material out of the seal 5.

[0104] The material of the first supporting beam portion 43 and the second supporting beam portion 44 can be ceramic, metal, or other high temperature resistant materials, which is not limited in the present application.

[0105] Please refer to Fig.14 and Fig.15 The heat sink 100 also includes a support structure 6, which is disposed in the phase change cavity 1; the support structure 6 is used to contact the battery cell 200 in the thickness direction of the heat sink 100. The setting of the support structure 6, on the one hand, can suppress the expansion of the battery cell 200 under thermal runaway, slow down the expansion rate of the battery cell 200, reduce the effect of the expansion of the battery cell 200 on the extrusion of the phase change material, prevent the phase change material from being squeezed out, and maintain the stability of the heat dissipation of the heat sink 100. On the other hand, the support structure 6 can increase the distance between the battery cell 200 and the battery cell 200, thereby increasing the thermal resistance between the battery cell 200 and the battery cell 200, and slowing down the spread of the thermal runaway of the battery cell 200.

[0106] One or more support structures 6 may be provided. In one possible implementation of the present application, the heat sink 100 includes a plurality of support structures 6, and the support structures 6 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the heat sink 100 to suppress the expansion of the battery cell from multiple directions. In another possible implementation of the present application, the distance between each adjacent support structure 6 is L9, 50mm≤L9≤200mm. Under this size limitation, the support structure 6 will not occupy the space of the phase change material and affect the heat dissipation effect of the heat sink 100 due to too many support structures 6 being provided. The support structure 6 will not weaken the suppression effect on the expansion of the battery cell 200 due to too few support structures 6 being provided.

[0107] The support structure 6 includes a support portion 61 and a connection portion 62. The support portion 61 serves as the main body 45 of the support structure 6 and is used to contact the battery cell 200 in the thickness direction of the heat sink 100. The support portion 61 may be metal, ceramic, high-temperature plastic, or other materials having a certain support strength and high temperature resistance, and the present application does not impose any restrictions on this. The connection portion 62 is connected between the inner wall of the phase change cavity 1 and the support portion 61 or between the support portion 61 and the support portion 61 to fix the support portion 61 in the phase change cavity 1. In one embodiment of the present application, the connection portion 62 is made of a lightweight material such as plastic, and the material density of the connection portion 62 is less than the material density of the support portion 61, so as to reduce the weight of the connection portion 62 per unit volume, thereby reducing the weight of the support structure 6 and reducing the weight of the heat sink 100.

[0108] In one possible implementation mode of the present application, the thickness of the connecting portion 62 is smaller than the thickness of the supporting portion 61. Thus, when the supporting portion 61 contacts the sealing member 5 and the battery cell 200, a gap can be formed between the connecting portion 62 and the sealing member 5. Through the gap, the phase change material can flow freely between the various regions of the phase change cavity 1 separated by the supporting structure, thereby preventing the phase change material from being consumed in a single closed cavity and unable to be replenished, which would affect the uniformity of heat dissipation of the battery cell 200 by the heat sink 100.

[0109] The shape of the support portion 61 can be a rectangle, a trapezoid, or other regular or irregular shapes, and the present application does not impose any restrictions on this. In one embodiment of the present application, the support portion 61 is arranged in a circular shape, so as to reduce the concentration speed of stress in the support portion 61, increase the support strength of the support portion 61, and increase the strength of the support portion 61 to suppress the expansion of the battery cell 200. At the same time, the circular surface is regular, and it can evenly divide the space of the phase change cavity 1 to the greatest extent with the minimum volume of supporting material, improve the uniformity of the support structure 6 for the battery cell 200, and improve the inhibitory effect of the support structure 6 on the expansion of the battery cell 200.

[0110] In one possible implementation of the present application, the support structure 6 includes a plurality of support portions 61, each support portion 61 is spaced apart along the height direction of the heat sink 100, and the connection portion 62 is connected between each adjacent support portion 61, and the distance between each adjacent support portion 61 is L10, and the diameter of the support portion 61 is D2, and L10 and D2 satisfy at least one of the following relationships: 35mm≤L10≤140mm, 3mm≤D2≤12mm. Under this size restriction, the support portion 61 can have a larger area to contact the battery cell 200, thereby improving the ability of the support portion 61 to suppress the expansion of the battery cell 200. There can also be a more reasonable spacing between adjacent support portions 61, which improves the uniformity of the support structure 6 for supporting the battery cell 200 and improves the effect of the support portion 61 in suppressing the expansion of the battery cell 200.

[0111] Please refer to Fig.16 The support portion 61 is provided with a through hole 611, which penetrates the support portion 61 along the thickness direction of the heat sink 100, and the phase change material is filled in the through hole 611. The provision of the through hole 611 can reduce the space occupied by the support portion 61 for the phase change material, increase the volume of the phase change material that can be provided in the phase change cavity 1, and improve the heat dissipation capacity of the heat sink 100.

[0112] In one possible implementation of the present application, the axis of the through hole 611 is in the same straight line as the center line of the surface of the battery cell 200 on the side close to the heat sink 100, so as to ensure that when the battery cell 200 expands, the support portion removes the remaining part of the through hole 611 and can form uniform support for the surface of the battery cell 200, thereby reducing the influence of the setting of the through hole 611 on the supporting effect of the support portion.

[0113] In one embodiment of the present application, the length of the phase change cavity 1 is L11, the diameter of the through hole 611 is D3, and 0.5*L11≤D3. Under this size restriction, the through hole 611 will not affect the support strength of the support portion 61 due to an excessively large diameter, nor will it affect the volume of the phase change material in the through hole 611 due to an excessively small diameter, thereby reducing the heat dissipation capacity of the heat sink 100.

[0114] Please refer to Fig.17 A notch 612 is provided on the hole wall of the through hole 611, and the through hole 611 is connected to the phase change cavity 1 through the notch 612. When the phase change material in the through hole 611 absorbs heat and expands, the expanded phase change material can flow into the phase change cavity 1 through the notch 612. In this way, the possibility of damage to the support part 61 caused by the expansion of the phase change material is reduced. At the same time, the vaporized phase change material can also be discharged from the through hole 611 through the notch 612, thereby reducing the pressure in the through hole 611.

[0115] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship of terms such as "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientation or positional relationship described in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0116] What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of implementing the above embodiment and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application are still within the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A heat sink, characterized in that: The heat sink comprises a phase change cavity and an exhaust cavity, the phase change cavity and the exhaust cavity are connected, and the phase change cavity is used to fill the phase change material; The exhaust cavity is provided with an exhaust port, and the exhaust port is used to exhaust gas to the outside.

2. The heat sink according to claim 1, wherein: In the height direction of the heat sink, the length of the exhaust cavity is L1, the distance between the exhaust port and the bottom wall of the exhaust cavity is L2, and 0.5*L1≤L2<L1.

3. The heat sink according to claim 1, wherein: The exhaust cavity is provided with a plurality of exhaust ports, and the exhaust ports are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the heat sink. The diameter of the exhaust ports is D1, and the distance between adjacent exhaust ports is L3, 0.8*D1≤L3≤1.2*D1.

4. The heat sink according to claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the heat sink is L4, the diameter of the exhaust port is D1, and 0.5*L4≤D1<L4.

5. The heat sink according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The heat sink comprises a support frame and a sealing member, wherein the support frame is formed with a first through groove and a second through groove, wherein the first through groove and the sealing member are arranged to form the exhaust cavity, and the second through groove and the sealing member are arranged to form the phase change cavity.

6. The heat sink according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support frame comprises a first supporting beam portion and a second supporting beam portion connected to each other, wherein the first supporting beam portion surrounds and forms the first through slot; The second supporting beam portion and at least a portion of the first supporting beam portion surround and form the second through groove.

7. The heat sink according to claim 6, wherein: The first through slot and the second through slot are respectively arranged on two sides of the first supporting beam portion.

8. The heat sink according to claim 7, wherein: In the height direction of the heat sink, the sum of the lengths of the first through-slot and the second through-slot is L5, the length of the first through-slot is L1, and 0.2*L5≤L1≤0.25*L5.

9. The heat sink according to claim 6, wherein: The first through slot and the second through slot are arranged on the same side of the first supporting beam portion.

10. The heat sink according to claim 9, wherein: In the height direction of the heat sink, the maximum length of the second through groove is L6, the length of the first through groove is L1, and 0.2*L6≤L1≤0.25*L6.

11. The heat sink according to claim 6, wherein: In the thickness direction of the heat sink, the length of the first support beam portion is L7, the length of the second support beam portion is L8, and L7>L8.

12. The heat sink according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The heat sink also includes a support structure, and the support structure is arranged in the phase change cavity; The support structure is used to contact the battery core in the thickness direction of the heat sink.

13. The heat sink according to claim 12, wherein: The heat sink comprises a plurality of support structures, and the support structures are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the heat sink; and / or The distance between adjacent support structures is L9, 50mm≤L9≤200mm.

14. The heat sink according to claim 12, wherein: The support structure comprises a support portion and a connection portion, wherein the support portion is used to contact the battery core in the thickness direction of the heat sink; The connecting portion is connected between the inner wall of the phase change cavity and the supporting portion.

15. The heat sink according to claim 14, wherein: The material density of the connecting portion is smaller than the material density of the supporting portion, and / or the thickness of the connecting portion is smaller than the thickness of the supporting portion.

16. The heat sink according to claim 14, wherein: The supporting structure comprises a plurality of supporting parts, each of the supporting parts is arranged at intervals along the height direction of the heat sink, and the connecting part is connected between each adjacent supporting part; and / or The distance between adjacent support portions is L10, 35 mm ≤ L10 ≤ 140 mm; and / or The diameter of the support portion is D2, 3mm≤D2≤12mm.

17. The heat sink according to claim 14, wherein: The support portion is provided with a through hole, and the through hole penetrates the support portion along the thickness direction of the heat sink; The through hole is used to fill the phase change material.

18. The heat sink according to claim 17, wherein: The length of the phase change cavity is L11, the diameter of the through hole is D3, and 0.5*L11≤D3.

19. The heat sink according to claim 17, wherein: A hole wall of the through hole is provided with a notch, and the through hole is connected with the phase change cavity through the notch.

20. A battery pack, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of battery cells and the heat sink as claimed in claims 1 to 19, wherein the battery cells are arranged in close contact with each other, and the heat sink is arranged between at least two battery cells.

21. The battery pack according to claim 20, characterized in that: The heat sink comprises a support frame and a sealing member, the support frame is formed with a first through slot and a second through slot, the first through slot and the sealing member are surrounded to form the exhaust cavity, and the second through slot and the sealing member are surrounded to form the phase change cavity; The battery cell comprises a first battery cell and a second battery cell, wherein the first battery cell and the second battery cell are respectively arranged on both sides of the heat dissipation element, and the first battery cell and the second battery cell constitute a sealing element.

22. The battery pack according to claim 21, characterized in that: The first battery cell has a first surface, and the first surface is recessed toward a side away from the second battery cell to form a first groove; The second battery cell has a second surface, the second surface is recessed toward a side away from the first battery cell to form a second groove, and the second groove and the first groove are surrounded to form a sealed space; The support frame includes a main body and a sealing edge, wherein the sealing edge is arranged around the outer edge of the main body, the main body is arranged in the sealed space, and the sealing edge extends out of the sealed space and contacts the first surface and the second surface.

23. An electrical equipment, characterized in that: The device for use comprises a battery pack as described in any one of claims 20 to 22.

Images