A critical area unauthorized drone electronic jamming system based on communication tower clusters

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electronic jamming system for unauthorized drones in key areas based on a group of communication towers, comprising a detection and identification module, a positioning and tracking module, an analysis and decision module, an electronic jamming module, a communication tower collaborative work module, a safety and compliance management module, a detection and reporting module, a user terminal, a main control center and a data transmission module; the detection and identification module is used to detect and identify whether drones entering the key area are authorized; the positioning and tracking module is used to locate and track unauthorized drones; the analysis and decision module is used to evaluate the threat level of the drone and decide on the jamming strategy according to the threat level; the electronic jamming module is used to start the corresponding electronic jamming equipment according to the jamming strategy to jam the drone; the communication tower collaborative work module is used to control the collaborative work of multiple communication towers in the key area; the safety and compliance management module is used to set a drone whitelist and emergency communication channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of drone control technology, and in particular to an unauthorized drone electronic jamming system in a key area based on a communication tower group. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development and widespread adoption of drone technology, unauthorized drone flights (illegal flights) are increasing, posing a serious threat to national security, public safety, and personal privacy. Unauthorized drones are particularly vulnerable to serious safety incidents in critical areas such as airports, military bases, and nuclear power plants. Therefore, managing and controlling unauthorized drones in these areas is a pressing issue.

[0003] Currently, traditional drone control often relies on manual monitoring and physical interception, but these methods are costly and inefficient, and are difficult to deal with fast-moving small drones. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an electronic jamming system for unauthorized drones in key areas based on a communication tower group, which aims to automatically identify, locate and jam unauthorized drones in key areas, and effectively prevent their illegal activities.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a critical area unauthorized drone electronic jamming system based on a communication tower cluster. The system is deployed on each communication tower in the critical area and includes:

[0006] Detection and identification module, used to detect and identify whether drones entering critical areas are authorized;

[0007] Positioning and tracking module, used to locate and track unauthorized drones entering critical areas;

[0008] Analysis and decision-making module, used to assess the threat level of drones and decide on interference strategies based on the threat level;

[0009] The electronic jamming module is used to activate the corresponding electronic jamming equipment according to the jamming strategy to jam unauthorized drones;

[0010] The communication tower collaborative work module is used to receive and analyze data from various data monitoring devices on each communication tower, formulate collaborative control strategies, and send control instructions to subordinate communication towers, thereby controlling the collaborative work of multiple communication towers in key areas;

[0011] A security and compliance management module for setting up drone whitelists and emergency communication channels to legally authorize unauthorized drones;

[0012] Detection and reporting module, which records all detected drone events and generates reports;

[0013] The user terminal is used to provide operators with a graphical user interface, enabling them to view the system status in real time and adjust the interference frequency and interference range;

[0014] The main control center is deployed in the main monitoring room and is used to remotely monitor the operating status of each communication tower equipment, regularly evaluate system performance and perform system upgrades to promptly detect and resolve hardware failures or software anomalies;

[0015] The data transmission module is used for data transmission between modules and encrypts the transmitted data.

[0016] Furthermore, the detection and identification module includes:

[0017] The signal detection unit is used to determine the flight speed, shape and size of the drone through radar, use photoelectric sensors to collect visual images of the drone and perform motion analysis, and use radio frequency signal detectors to obtain the drone's signal characteristics and identity;

[0018] The drone identification unit uses a machine learning algorithm to extract features from the radio signals captured by the RF signal detector, establish a database of legal drone signals and a database of illegal drone signals; and by comparing whether the current radio signal is in the legal drone signal database, it identifies the drone's identity and determines whether the current drone is an unauthorized drone.

[0019] Furthermore, the positioning and tracking module includes:

[0020] The positioning unit locates the drone entering the monitoring area through multi-base station triangulation method and monitors the specific location of the drone in real time;

[0021] A dynamic tracking unit is used to track the position of the target drone using a tracking filter or a deep learning model based on the drone's position;

[0022] The flight path prediction unit is used to predict the possible flight path of the current drone.

[0023] Furthermore, the analysis and decision-making module includes:

[0024] The threat level analysis unit is used to determine the current drone threat level based on the drone's flight altitude and speed collected by the detection and identification module and the drone's position obtained by the positioning and tracking module;

[0025] The decision-making unit is used to formulate interference strategies based on the threat level.

[0026] Furthermore, the threat level analysis unit determines the threat level of the current drone based on the following conditions:

[0027] 1) If a drone is in a non-sensitive area, flying at a low altitude and slow speed, it is defined as a low threat level;

[0028] 2) If a drone enters a moderately sensitive area, or its flight status presents a certain threat but does not pose a direct threat to the ground, it is defined as a medium threat level;

[0029] 3) If a drone clearly enters a highly sensitive area or poses a direct threat to ground targets, the drone is defined as a high threat level.

[0030] Furthermore, the interference strategy includes:

[0031] 1) When the drone threat level is low, the decision-making strategy is monitoring and warning;

[0032] 2) When the drone is at a medium threat level, the decision-making strategy is to drive the drone away or force it to land, and to conduct monitoring and early warning;

[0033] 3) When the UAV is at a high threat level, the decision-making strategy is to quickly interrupt the UAV’s communication and control links.

[0034] Furthermore, the electronic jamming module automatically adjusts the jamming frequency and power using an adaptive jamming method to jam unauthorized drones. The jamming method includes the following steps:

[0035] S1: Obtain the drone signal characteristics and drone model collected by the detection and identification module;

[0036] S2: Distinguish the drone's control signals and data transmission signals from the collected signals, analyze the signals, and obtain the drone's location through the positioning and tracking module;

[0037] S3: According to the interference strategy of the decision-making unit, the interference frequency point or frequency band is determined based on the signal analysis results and the location of the UAV, and the minimum necessary interference power is calculated;

[0038] S4: Use a directional jamming antenna transmitter to set the jamming range and dynamically adjust the transmit power within the jamming range to determine the best jamming frequency point or frequency band and the necessary jamming power for jamming; and, when jamming, use a fast frequency hopping method to make the jamming frequency follow the changes in the drone's communication signal;

[0039] S5: Monitor the jamming effect based on the drone signal strength and stability as well as changes in drone behavior, check whether the expected suppression level is achieved, and feed back the jamming effect to the analysis and decision-making module.

[0040] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned unauthorized drone electronic jamming system in key areas based on communication tower groups, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] This invention utilizes existing communication tower infrastructure and integrates electronic jamming modules to automatically identify, locate, and jam unauthorized drones in key areas, thereby improving the security protection capabilities of key areas and avoiding security issues caused by illegal drone intrusions.

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 This is the module architecture diagram of this system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art will make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the application.

[0045] The present invention discloses an electronic jamming system for unauthorized UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) in key areas based on a communication tower cluster. The system is deployed on the existing communication tower infrastructure in key areas to automatically identify, locate and jam unauthorized UAVs in the key areas.

[0046] The present invention installs a comprehensive electronic jamming system atop each communication tower or at a suitable location within a critical area. This system comprises a highly sensitive multi-band receiver, a high-speed signal processor, a directional antenna transmitter, and a power supply module. The highly sensitive multi-band receiver covers common drone remote control and navigation frequency bands (such as 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz), ensuring signal capture for most drone models. Furthermore, by installing this electronic jamming system at the tower end, signal analysis, target identification, and command reception and execution are performed, ensuring real-time data exchange with the main control center.

[0047] This system includes the following modules:

[0048] 1. Detection and identification module

[0049] (1) Signal detection unit

[0050] This unit uses radar, photoelectric sensors, and radio frequency (RF) signal detector technology to detect and identify drones entering the monitoring area. Radar determines the drone's flight speed, shape, and size. Photoelectric sensors collect visual images of drones and perform motion analysis. Wideband receivers perform spectrum scanning to identify the frequency of communication between drones entering the monitoring area and the RF signal detector, thereby obtaining the drone's signal characteristics and identity.

[0051] (2) Drone identification unit

[0052] This invention uses machine learning algorithms to extract features from radio signals captured by a radio frequency (RF) signal detector, thereby establishing a database of legitimate and illicit drone signals. By comparing the features of the currently captured radio signal with those in the database of legitimate drone signals, the system can identify the drone and determine whether the current drone is unauthorized.

[0053] For drones operating in low signal strength or complex environments, radar and optical monitoring (such as infrared cameras) are combined with other auxiliary means to identify target information through multiple channels, thereby enhancing target recognition accuracy.

[0054] The workflow of the above detection and identification module is as follows:

[0055] S1: Obtain the flight speed, shape and size of the drone through radar, and use photoelectric sensors to collect visual images of the drone;

[0056] S2: Perform motion analysis on the data obtained in step S1 to monitor the flight trajectory of the UAV;

[0057] S3: Determine the signal strength collected by the current RF signal detector. If the signal strength exceeds the threshold, proceed to step S4;

[0058] S4: Compare the currently acquired radio signal characteristics to see if they are in the legal drone signal database, and determine whether the current drone is an unauthorized drone.

[0059] 2. Positioning and tracking module

[0060] (1) Positioning unit

[0061] Once a drone is detected entering the monitoring area, the system will continue to track its location, providing accurate target information for subsequent jamming operations. The present invention uses a multi-base station triangulation method to achieve accurate target positioning.

[0062] The multi-base station triangulation method is a method for locating a target (such as a drone) using at least three base stations, which includes the following steps:

[0063] Step 1: Each base station measures the signal propagation time or signal arrival angle between it and the target;

[0064] Step 2: Calculate the distance between the target and each base station based on the signal propagation time;

[0065] Step 3: Using the principles of triangular geometry, combine the distances between the three base stations and the target (or at least two distances and one angle) to construct one or more possible triangles to determine the specific location of the target.

[0066] (2) Dynamic tracking unit

[0067] Dynamic tracking algorithm: This invention realizes continuous tracking of the UAV flight trajectory through tracking filters and prediction models (including various linear and nonlinear filters, deep learning models, etc.).

[0068] When tracking, the drone's flight status data, location, altitude, and current environmental conditions are first determined. When the drone is in a sensitive area, a deep learning model is used for tracking; when the drone is in a non-sensitive area, a learning decision algorithm is used for tracking.

[0069] Taking into account interference factors such as radio interference, natural factors, signal shielding, and interference from other flying objects, the model needs to be continuously corrected in real time to achieve optimal tracking performance.

[0070] The real-time correction method adopted by the present invention includes:

[0071] 1) State estimation: Use algorithms such as Kalman filtering and particle filtering to estimate the current state of the drone in real time to reduce measurement and prediction errors.

[0072] 2) Model Predictive Control: Use the MPC algorithm to predict the future system state and optimize the control signal based on the prediction results to achieve real-time correction of the UAV's flight path.

[0073] 3) Online update of machine learning models: For machine learning models such as deep learning, model parameters can be updated in real time through online learning to adapt to dynamic changes in the drone flight environment.

[0074] (3) Flight path prediction unit

[0075] Predicting flight paths: 1) Building a physical model to predict the UAV's flight trajectory based on its dynamic characteristics and flight environment; 2) Using a path planning algorithm to predict the current UAV's flight path under given environmental constraints;

[0076] 3. Analysis and decision-making module

[0077] This module is used to assess the threat level of drones and decide on the jamming strategy to be implemented based on the threat level. The threat level is divided into:

[0078] 1) Low Threat Level: The drone is in a non-sensitive area, flying at a low altitude and speed, and does not pose a clear threat. In this case, the need for interference is low, and the adopted strategy is monitoring and warning;

[0079] 2) Medium Threat Level: The drone has entered a moderately sensitive area, or its flight status is somewhat threatening, but it does not yet pose a direct security threat. In this case, the interference strategy adopted is to drive the drone away or force it to land, while strengthening monitoring and early warning;

[0080] 3) High Threat Level: The drone has clearly entered a highly sensitive area (such as an airport or nuclear power plant) or has posed a direct threat to ground targets. In this case, efficient jamming technology must be immediately activated. The jamming strategy employed is to rapidly disrupt the drone's communication and control links, forcing it to crash or return.

[0081] It includes the following submodules:

[0082] (1) Threat Level Analysis Unit

[0083] This unit receives the drone's flight altitude and speed collected by the detection and identification module, as well as the drone's position obtained by the positioning and tracking module, and determines the current drone's threat level based on the following conditions:

[0084] ① If the drone is in a non-sensitive area, flying at a low altitude and slow speed, it is defined as a low threat level;

[0085] ② If a drone enters a moderately sensitive area, or its flight status presents a certain threat but does not pose a direct threat to the ground, the drone is defined as a medium threat level;

[0086] ③ If a drone has clearly entered a highly sensitive area or has posed a direct threat to ground targets, the drone is defined as a high threat level;

[0087] (2) Decision-making unit

[0088] ① When the drone is at a low threat level, the decision-making strategy is monitoring and warning;

[0089] ② When the drone is at a medium threat level, the decision-making strategy is to drive the drone away or force it to land, and conduct monitoring and early warning;

[0090] ③ When the UAV is at a high threat level, the decision-making strategy is to quickly interrupt the UAV’s communication and control links.

[0091] 4. Electronic jamming module

[0092] When the system determines that a drone poses a threat, this module activates electronic jamming equipment, such as a directional antenna transmitter, according to the strategy of the decision-making unit, sending signals of specific frequencies to interfere with the drone's remote control signal, navigation signal (such as GPS signal) or video transmission link, thereby causing the drone to lose control and force it to land or return to the take-off point.

[0093] This module automatically adjusts the jamming frequency and power using an adaptive jamming method based on the drone model and signal characteristics identified by the signal detection unit. The adaptive jamming method specifically includes the following steps:

[0094] S1: Obtain the drone signal characteristics and drone model collected by the detection and identification module;

[0095] The signal characteristics include the modulation mode, bandwidth, and frequency hopping characteristics of the drone signal;

[0096] S2: Use pattern recognition algorithms to distinguish the drone's control signals and data transmission signals from the collected signals, analyze the signals, and obtain the drone's location through the positioning and tracking module;

[0097] S3: According to the interference strategy of the decision-making unit, the interference frequency point or frequency band is determined based on the signal analysis results and the location of the UAV, and the minimum necessary interference power is calculated;

[0098] Power calculation: The detection and identification module obtains the distance between the drone and the jamming device, channel conditions, and the preset jamming mode, and calculates the minimum necessary jamming power. Finally, after determining the jamming frequency point or frequency band and jamming power, adaptive jamming is performed using a directional jamming antenna transmitter at the set frequency and power.

[0099] Existing technologies typically calculate the minimum necessary interference power based on electromagnetic wave propagation theory and interference effect evaluation criteria. For example, an estimate is made based on the basic propagation loss of the interference signal and parameters such as the sensitivity of the drone receiver.

[0100] S4: Implement adaptive interference;

[0101] Use a directional jamming antenna transmitter to set the jamming range and dynamically adjust the transmit power within the jamming range to determine the best jamming frequency point or frequency band and the necessary jamming power to perform the jamming and avoid excessive jamming;

[0102] When jamming, use a fast frequency hopping method to make the jamming frequency follow the changes of the drone's communication signal to maintain the effectiveness of the jamming;

[0103] S5: Real-time feedback and adjustment

[0104] The jamming effect is monitored based on the drone signal strength and stability as well as changes in drone behavior to check whether the expected suppression level is achieved, and the jamming effect is fed back to the analysis and decision-making module.

[0105] 5. Communication tower collaborative work module

[0106] Communication towers, as the system's infrastructure, not only provide power and data connections but also serve as a launch platform for interference signals. Collaboration between multiple communication towers can form a network with wider coverage and stronger interference effects.

[0107] The data from each communication tower is connected to the command and control center, namely the collaborative work module, through a high-speed network. The collaborative work module receives and analyzes data from each communication tower and monitoring equipment, formulates collaborative control strategies, and sends control instructions to subordinate communication towers.

[0108] 6. Security and Compliance Management Module

[0109] Because electronic interference can affect legal radio communications, the system must be able to distinguish between legal and illegal signals and comply with local laws and international aviation regulations to avoid accidental injuries.

[0110] This module is used to set up drone whitelists and emergency communication channels, thereby avoiding interference modules from affecting legitimate communication facilities.

[0111] 7. Detection and reporting module

[0112] This module is used to record all detected drone events, including the time the drone enters the critical area, all locations it flies within the critical area, its behavior, and response measures, for post-event analysis and evidence collection.

[0113] 8. User side

[0114] Used to provide operators with a graphical user interface, enabling them to view system status in real time, adjust interference frequency and interference range, and intervene manually when necessary.

[0115] 9. Main Control Center

[0116] The main control center is used to remotely monitor the operating status of each communication tower equipment, regularly conduct performance evaluations and system upgrades on the system, so as to promptly detect and resolve hardware failures or software anomalies.

[0117] 10. Data transmission module

[0118] It is used for data transmission between modules and encrypts the transmitted data.

[0119] Example

[0120] The electronic jamming system proposed in the present invention is deployed around a large airport. When the detection and identification module detects that an illegal drone has entered the airport's protected area, the main control center will immediately start up and determine the drone's location, altitude, and flight direction. Next, several distributed jamming devices closest to the drone's location are selected and start-up instructions are sent to them. These devices begin to emit jamming signals, cutting off the connection between the drone and its operator, causing it to lose control or force it to land. Throughout the entire process, the centralized control system continuously monitors the status of the entire system and adjusts the jamming strategy as needed. At the same time, the system records all events to provide data support for future performance evaluations. In this way, the system can effectively prevent threats posed by illegal drones to airports and other critical infrastructure.

[0121] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solutions of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A key area unauthorized drone electronic jamming system based on a communication tower cluster, characterized by: The system is deployed on various communication towers in key areas and includes: Detection and identification module, used to detect and identify whether drones entering critical areas are authorized; Positioning and tracking module, used to locate and track unauthorized drones entering critical areas; Analysis and decision-making module, used to assess the threat level of drones and decide on interference strategies based on the threat level; The electronic jamming module is used to activate the corresponding electronic jamming equipment according to the jamming strategy to jam unauthorized drones; The communication tower collaborative work module is used to receive and analyze data from various data monitoring devices on each communication tower, formulate collaborative control strategies, and send control instructions to subordinate communication towers, thereby controlling the collaborative work of multiple communication towers in key areas; A security and compliance management module for setting up drone whitelists and emergency communication channels to legally authorize unauthorized drones; Detection and reporting module, which records all detected drone events and generates reports; The user terminal is used to provide operators with a graphical user interface, enabling them to view the system status in real time and adjust the interference frequency and interference range; The main control center is deployed in the main monitoring room and is used to remotely monitor the operating status of each communication tower equipment, regularly evaluate system performance and perform system upgrades to promptly detect and resolve hardware failures or software anomalies; The data transmission module is used for data transmission between modules and encrypts the transmitted data.

2. The key area unauthorized drone electronic jamming system based on a communication tower cluster as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The detection and identification module includes: The signal detection unit is used to determine the flight speed, shape and size of the drone through radar, use photoelectric sensors to collect visual images of the drone and perform motion analysis, and use radio frequency signal detectors to obtain the drone's signal characteristics and identity; The drone identification unit uses a machine learning algorithm to extract features from the radio signals captured by the RF signal detector, establish a database of legal drone signals and a database of illegal drone signals; and by comparing whether the current radio signal is in the legal drone signal database, it identifies the drone's identity and determines whether the current drone is an unauthorized drone.

3. The critical area unauthorized drone electronic jamming system based on a communication tower cluster as claimed in claim 2, wherein the positioning and tracking module comprises: The positioning unit locates the drone entering the monitoring area through multi-base station triangulation method and monitors the specific location of the drone in real time; A dynamic tracking unit is used to track the position of the target drone using a tracking filter or a deep learning model based on the drone's position; The flight path prediction unit is used to predict the possible flight path of the current drone.

4. The key area unauthorized drone electronic jamming system based on a communication tower cluster as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The analysis and decision-making module includes: The threat level analysis unit is used to determine the current drone threat level based on the drone's flight altitude and speed collected by the detection and identification module and the drone's position obtained by the positioning and tracking module; The decision-making unit is used to formulate interference strategies based on the threat level.

5. The key area unauthorized drone electronic jamming system based on a communication tower cluster as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The threat level analysis unit determines the threat level of the current drone based on the following criteria: 1) If a drone is in a non-sensitive area, flying at a low altitude and slow speed, it is defined as a low threat level; 2) If a drone enters a moderately sensitive area, or its flight status presents a certain threat but does not pose a direct threat to the ground, it is defined as a medium threat level; 3) If a drone clearly enters a highly sensitive area or poses a direct threat to ground targets, the drone is defined as a high threat level.

6. The key area unauthorized drone electronic jamming system based on a communication tower cluster as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The interference strategy includes: 1) When the drone threat level is low, the decision-making strategy is monitoring and warning; 2) When the drone is at a medium threat level, the decision-making strategy is to drive the drone away or force it to land, and to conduct monitoring and early warning; 3) When the UAV is at a high threat level, the decision-making strategy is to quickly interrupt the UAV’s communication and control links.

7. The key area unauthorized drone electronic jamming system based on a communication tower cluster as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The electronic jamming module uses an adaptive jamming method to automatically adjust the jamming frequency and power to jam unauthorized drones. The jamming method includes the following steps: S1: Obtain the drone signal characteristics and drone model collected by the detection and identification module; S2: Distinguish the drone's control signals and data transmission signals from the collected signals, analyze the signals, and obtain the drone's location through the positioning and tracking module; S3: According to the interference strategy of the decision-making unit, the interference frequency point or frequency band is determined based on the signal analysis results and the location of the UAV, and the minimum necessary interference power is calculated; S4: Use a directional jamming antenna transmitter to set the jamming range and dynamically adjust the transmit power within the jamming range to determine the best jamming frequency point or frequency band and the necessary jamming power for jamming. When jamming, use a fast frequency hopping method to make the jamming frequency follow the changes of the drone communication signal. S5: Monitor the jamming effect based on the drone signal strength and stability as well as changes in drone behavior, check whether the expected suppression level is achieved, and feed back the jamming effect to the analysis and decision-making module.

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