Nanometer material film structure with light field regulation and control capability

Abstract

The invention relates to a nano-material film structure with light field regulation and control capability, which can be used as a light condensation structure of a solar cell. The thin film structure comprises a substrate material and a film layer structure, the substrate material is of a transparent plane structure, and the film layer structure is composed of a plurality of groups of nano columns arranged according to a certain rule and is also made of a transparent material. The thin film structure has the light field regulation and control capability, is light in weight and small in surface density, meanwhile, the condensation multiple is 10-100 times, large heat cannot be generated locally, the requirements of light weight, high efficiency and the like are met, and the thin film structure can be suitable for various photovoltaic power generation units.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular relates to a nano material film structure with light field regulation capability. Background Art

[0002] Solar photovoltaic technology is based on the principle of the photovoltaic effect of semiconductors, and uses solar cells to directly convert sunlight energy into electrical energy. Its core device is a solar cell. When sunlight shines on a solar cell, the cell absorbs photon energy and generates electron-hole pairs. Under the action of the built-in electric field of the battery, the photogenerated electrons and holes are separated, and opposite charges accumulate at both ends of the battery, which generates a "photogenerated voltage". Electrodes are drawn out on both sides of the built-in electric field and connected to a load, and then a "photogenerated" current passes through the load, thereby obtaining power output. Most solar cell modules use ordinary glass as a light-transmitting plate, but the light transmittance of ordinary glass is limited. If the light transmittance is to be increased, the thickness of the solar cell module must be increased. Using high-intensity light can achieve more efficient photoelectric conversion. The use of a concentrating structure can improve the efficiency of photoelectric conversion while reducing the area and cost of the battery. Traditional concentrating structures include concentrators or reflectors, which are heavy and large in size. At the same time, the high concentration multiple causes the battery temperature to rise, making it difficult to dissipate heat from the battery. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a nano material thin film structure with light field control capability, which can be used as a light focusing structure in a solar cell.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a nano material thin film structure with light field regulation capability, used above a solar cell, comprising a base material and a film layer material arranged on the base material, the film layer material comprising a plurality of cylindrical nanocolumns, and the base material and the film layer material are transparent materials.

[0005] Preferably, the membrane material includes multiple nanocolumn groups, and each nanocolumn group has a consistent arrangement pattern; the diameters of nanocolumns in different columns in a nanocolumn group are different, and the diameters of nanocolumns in the same column are the same; the radius of the cylinder on the side close to the center of the battery in the nanocolumn group is large, and the radius of the cylinder on the side away from the battery is small, the maximum radius is D, and the minimum radius is 0.2~0.5*D.

[0006] Preferably, the nanocolumn spacing P is 200-800 nm, the nanocolumn height H is 400-800 nm, the nanocolumn diameter is 0.2-0.8*P, a nanocolumn group includes 3-5 columns of nanocolumns, and the nanocolumn group width W is 3-5*P.

[0007] Preferably, the distance between the center of the nanocolumn group and the middle of the thin film material is x; the relationship between P, D and x is as shown in Formula 2;

[0008]

[0009] Preferably, the base material is arranged above the solar cell, and the distance between the bottom of the base material and the solar cell is T; the length and width of the solar cell are A and B, and the length and width of the thin film material are A and N*B, where N is 2-10.

[0010] Preferably, W, H, and P need to satisfy the relationship shown in Formula 1:

[0011]

[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the substrate material is 100-2000 μm.

[0013] Preferably, the substrate material and the film layer material may be one or two of transparent materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, PMMA, sapphire, etc., and the substrate material and the film layer material may be the same material or different materials.

[0014] A solar cell comprises a light-collecting structure prepared from a nano material film structure with light field regulation capability.

[0015] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: a nanomaterial film structure with a specific structure is designed, which can be used as a focusing structure of a solar cell. The film structure has the ability to regulate the light field, is light in weight, has a small surface density, and has a focusing multiple of 10 to 100 times. It will not generate a lot of heat locally, taking into account the requirements of light weight and high efficiency, and can be applied to various photovoltaic power generation units. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of membrane material structure;

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the substrate material and the battery position;

[0018] In the figure: 1. Solar cell, 2. Base material;

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the principle of light field regulation using nanomaterial thin film structures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] The present invention relates to a nano material thin film structure with light field control capability, which can be used as a focusing structure of a solar cell. The thin film structure includes a base material and a film layer structure, wherein the base material is a transparent planar structure, and the film layer material is composed of a plurality of groups of nano columns arranged according to a certain rule, and is also a transparent material. The nano columns in the film layer material are fixedly connected to the base material. Specifically, the base material and the film layer material can be one or two of transparent materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, PMMA, sapphire, etc., and the base material and the film layer material can be the same material or different materials.

[0022] In order to enable the thin film structure formed by the substrate material and the membrane material to achieve the ability to control the light field, the size and position of the solar panel, the size of the substrate material, and the size and arrangement of the nanocolumns in the membrane material have the following relationship.

[0023] The thickness of the substrate material is 100-2000μm, and the distance between the bottom of the substrate material and the solar cell is T, where T is the height of the module, and is generally T≥1cm and T≤A. The size of the substrate material is determined by the size of the cell. If the length and width of the cell are A and B, then the length and width of the substrate material are A and N*B, where N is 2 to 10. The relationship between the two is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0024] The film material is composed of several groups of nanocolumns arranged in a certain pattern. The refractive index of the film material is n, the nanocolumn spacing P is 200-800nm, the height H is 400-800nm, the nanocolumns are cylindrical, and the diameter of the bottom of the cylinder ranges from 0.2 to 0.8*P. The nanocolumns are arranged in groups, along the direction of B, parallel to A, and the number of columns corresponding to each group is 3-5, and the number of rows is determined by P and A; the width of each group is W = 3-5*P. In some embodiments of the present invention, the nanocolumns can be arranged in accordance with Figure 1 Arrange in the same way.

[0025] In the above structure, W, H, and P must satisfy the relationship shown in Formula 1:

[0026]

[0027] Each group of nano-columns in the membrane material has the same structure, the diameters of the nano-columns in each group are different, and the diameters of the nano-columns in each column are the same.

[0028] In each group, the radius of the cylinder near the battery center is large, and the maximum radius is D; the radius of the cylinder far from the battery center is small, and the minimum radius is 0.2-0.5D; the radius of the middle position is between the above two, and the width of each group is the same. Set the distance between the middle column position or the center position of the nanocolumn group and the middle position of the thin film material ( Figure 2 The distance between the two ends of the triangle (indicated by the dashed line) is x, then the relationship between P, D and x is shown in Formula 2;

[0029]

[0030] When preparing a thin film structure, the parameters of the base material and the film layer material can be designed according to the following steps;

[0031] Step 1: Select the specific materials of the base material and the film material. The refractive index n of the film material can be known from the base material;

[0032] Step 2: According to the relationship in formula 1, the value of H / W is calculated from the set T, N, and B parameters;

[0033] Step 3: According to the relationship in formula 2, determine the value of D / P by T and x value;

[0034] Step 4: Select the values ​​of H and W that meet the H / W relationship obtained in step 2, and select the values ​​of D and P that meet the D / P relationship obtained in step 3 to complete the structural design of the membrane material;

[0035] Step 5: Use 3D modeling software to draw the above graphics and send them to various micro-machining centers for processing, and obtain the target nano-film structure through methods such as nano-imprinting.

[0036] When the thin film structure designed and prepared by the above method is used in the focusing structure of solar cells, it can produce light field control capabilities. Due to the different P / D at different positions, the density of the material at different positions is different, and the corresponding equivalent refractive index is also different. In this way, a periodic lateral waveguide structure is formed through a series of nanocolumn structures. In such a structure, the light beam will be deflected, changing the transmission direction of the light, thereby realizing light field control, such as Figure 3 As shown, due to different deflection angles in different designs, the effects of light field control are also different.

[0037] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the contents described are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] It involves a nano material film structure with light field control capability and is used to adjust the light field of the irradiated battery. The battery width B is 2 cm, the length A is 4 cm, the designed film material width is N times the battery width, N is 6; the distance T between the bottom of the base material and the battery is 5 cm; the film material is in an oxidized state (TiOx), and the refractive index n is 2.2.

[0040]

[0041] The following parameters were input into the relationship between Equation 1 and Equation 2: N=6, B=2 cm, T=5 cm, n=2.2, and the film structure was calculated. The specific parameters of the six typical positions are shown in Table 1.

[0042] Table 1

[0043]

[0044] Through the above structure, after simulation and emulation, the target nano-thin film structure is finally obtained through the nano-imprinting method, which is used in the focusing structure of solar cells. The light irradiated on the nano-material thin film structure can be concentrated onto the battery, thereby achieving the light field regulation effect.

[0045] The scheme of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the experimental methods without specific operating steps are all carried out in accordance with the corresponding product instructions, and the instruments, reagents, and consumables used in the examples can all be purchased from commercial companies unless otherwise specified.

Claims

1. A nano material thin film structure with light field control capability, used above a solar cell, characterized in that: It comprises a base material and a film material arranged on the base material, wherein the film material comprises a plurality of cylindrical nanocolumns, and the base material and the film material are transparent materials.

2. The nanomaterial thin film structure with light field control capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The membrane material includes multiple nanocolumn groups, and each nanocolumn group has a consistent arrangement pattern; the diameters of nanocolumns in different columns in a nanocolumn group are different, and the diameters of nanocolumns in the same column are the same; the radius of the cylinder on the side close to the battery center in the nanocolumn group is large, and the radius of the cylinder on the side away from the battery is small, the maximum radius is D, and the minimum radius is 0.2~0.5*D.

3. The nanomaterial thin film structure with light field control capability according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nanocolumn spacing P is 200-800 nm, the nanocolumn height H is 400-800 nm, the nanocolumn diameter is 0.2-0.8*P, a nanocolumn group includes 3-5 columns of nanocolumns, and the nanocolumn group width W is 3-5*P.

4. The nanomaterial thin film structure with light field control capability according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between the center of the nanocolumn group and the middle of the film material is x; the relationship between P, D and x is shown in Equation 2; 5. The nanomaterial thin film structure with light field control capability according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base material is arranged above the solar cell, and the distance between the bottom of the base material and the solar cell is T; the length and width of the solar cell are A and B, and the length and width of the thin film material are A and N*B, and N is 2-10.

6. The nanomaterial thin film structure with light field control capability according to claim 5, characterized in that: W, H, and P must satisfy the relationship shown in formula 1:

7. The nanomaterial thin film structure with light field control capability according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the substrate material is 100-2000 μm.

8. The nanomaterial thin film structure with light field control capability according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The substrate material and the film layer material may be one or two of transparent materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, PMMA, sapphire, etc. The substrate material and the film layer material may be the same material or different materials.

9. A solar cell, characterized in that: A light-concentrating structure comprising a nano-material thin film structure with light field control capability as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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