A pretreatment crushing device for soil pollutant detection

Abstract

The invention discloses a pretreatment crushing device for soil pollutant detection, and relates to the field of soil pollutant pretreatment. The invention comprises a crushing box, a fan assembly, a water spray assembly, a nozzle adjustment assembly, a filter assembly and a crushing assembly; the fan assembly, the water spray assembly, the nozzle adjustment assembly, the filter assembly and the crushing assembly are all arranged on the body, the fan assembly is arranged on both sides of the crushing box, the water spray assembly is arranged on the other two sides of the crushing box, the nozzle adjustment assembly is arranged inside the crushing box and connected to the water spray assembly, the filter assembly is arranged at the bottom of the crushing box and connected to the fan assembly, and by inputting water into the water sprayer during the crushing process, the lighter dust above the crushing box can be combined with water to remove the dust above the crushing box, and the dust above the crushing body can be removed in combination, and then in combination with dust suction, the inside and outside of the device can be cleaned, and the service life of the device can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of soil pollutant pretreatment, and in particular to a pretreatment crushing device for soil pollutant detection. Background Art

[0002] Soil pollutants can be roughly divided into two categories: inorganic pollutants and organic pollutants. Inorganic pollutants mainly include acids, alkalis, heavy metals, salts, compounds of radioactive elements cesium and strontium, compounds containing arsenic, selenium, and fluorine, etc. Organic pollutants mainly include organic pesticides, phenols, cyanide, petroleum, synthetic detergents, 3,4-benzopyrene, and harmful microorganisms brought by urban sewage, sludge, and manure.

[0003] Before dealing with pollution, most of them need to be screened to remove gravel, minerals and other particles to avoid affecting the detection effect of the soil.

[0004] However, the existing pre-processing crushing device has the following problems during operation: During the crushing process, dust is not easy to remove. Dust is not only inside the crushing box, but also floats above the crushing box, which not only affects the surrounding environment, but also causes a large amount of dust to accumulate inside and outside the device, affecting the service life of the device; After a long period of crushing, the crushing box needs to be cleaned so that the crushing roller can work efficiently. However, preparation time is required between crushing and cleaning, and the cleaning process is also time-consuming and labor-intensive, which affects the crushing efficiency of the soil. The filter needs to be used during crushing and cleaning, but the filter has different functions in different usage scenarios. The existing crushing device cannot adjust the filter according to different usage scenarios and has poor adaptability. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil pollutant detection pretreatment crushing device, which can improve the service life of the device, improve the crushing efficiency and have good adaptability.

[0006] The present invention is a pre-treatment crushing device for soil pollutant detection, comprising a crushing box, a fan assembly, a water spray assembly, a nozzle adjustment assembly, a filter assembly and a crushing assembly; The fan assembly, water spray assembly, nozzle adjustment assembly, filter assembly and crushing assembly are all arranged on the machine body, the fan assembly is arranged on both sides of the crushing box, the water spray assembly is arranged on the other two sides of the crushing box, the nozzle adjustment assembly is arranged inside the crushing box and connected to the water spray assembly, and the filter assembly is arranged at the bottom of the crushing box and connected to the fan assembly.

[0007] The fan assembly includes a fan body, a rotating shaft, a driving toothed disc, an adjusting motor, an adjusting gear, a rack, a connector and a dust collecting box, wherein the fan bodies are movably arranged on both sides of the crushing box through the rotating shaft, the driving toothed disc is connected to one end of the rotating shaft, the output end of the adjusting motor is connected to one side of the driving toothed disc, the adjusting gear is connected to the other end of the rotating shaft, the rack is movably arranged on one side of the crushing box and meshes with the adjusting gear, one end of the connector is connected to one side of the rack, and the other end of the connector is connected to the dust collecting box; Among them, the fan body is provided with four, two on each side opposite to the crushing box.

[0008] The water spray assembly includes a water sprinkler, an atomizing plate connecting shaft, a first gear and a driven shaft. A plurality of mounting grooves are provided on the side of the crushing box. A plurality of water sprinklers are respectively arranged in the plurality of mounting grooves. The atomizing plate is arranged inside the water sprinkler. The connecting shaft connects the atomizing plates in two adjacent water sprinklers. One end of the driven shaft is connected to the first gear, and the other end of the driven shaft is connected to the atomizing plate.

[0009] The nozzle adjustment assembly includes a movable ball nozzle body, an adjustment shaft, a second gear and a first toothed disc. The movable ball is movably arranged at one end of the sprinkler and is connected to the sprinkler. The adjustment shaft is movably arranged on the inner side of the crushing box and is connected to the movable ball. One side of the second gear is connected to one end of the adjustment shaft. The first toothed disc is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the second gear is meshed with the first toothed disc.

[0010] The filter assembly includes a mounting frame, a filter screen, a driven pulley, a driving pulley and a belt. The mounting frame is arranged at the bottom of the crushing box, the filter screen is movably arranged on one side of the mounting frame through a mounting shaft, the driven pulley is arranged at one end of the mounting shaft, and the driving pulley is arranged on one side of the driving gear disk. The driven pulley and the driving pulley are driven by a belt.

[0011] The crushing assembly includes a crushing shaft, a crushing roller, a driving gear, a driven gear, a driving motor and a pulley system. The two crushing shafts are arranged in parallel and movably on the inner side of the crushing box. The two crushing rollers are respectively arranged on the circumferential sides of the two crushing shafts. The driving gear and the driven gear are respectively arranged at one end of the two crushing shafts, and the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear. The output end of the driving motor is connected to one side of the driving gear through the pulley system.

[0012] A feed hopper is arranged on the top of the crushing box, and a retaining plate is arranged inside the crushing box.

[0013] The fan assembly also includes a pipeline, one end of which is arranged on one side of the crushing box, and the pipeline is connected to the fan body, and the dust collecting box is adapted to the pipeline.

[0014] The water spray assembly also includes a water pipe and a transfer pipe, wherein the transfer pipe is fixedly arranged on one side of the crushing box, one end of the water pipe is connected to the transfer pipe, and the other end of the water pipe is connected to the sprinkler; Among them, multiple water pipes are arranged corresponding to the sprinklers, and two transfer pipes are arranged to provide water for the sprinklers on both sides of the crushing machine body respectively. The transfer pipes supply water directly through the water source.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention starts the fan body during the crushing process. At this time, the suction end of the fan body faces the inside of the crushing box to suck in the dust inside the crushing box. The motor is adjusted to be able to rotate in a small range, driving the rotating shaft to rotate, thereby driving the fan body to rotate. The position of the fan body is adjusted to absorb floating dust in a larger range, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency and effect.

[0016] The dust sucked in by the fan body is discharged at the output end, and then enters the dust collecting box through the pipeline to collect the dust. The rotation of the rotating shaft can drive the rack to move up and down by adjusting the gear, so that the dust collecting box can move, collect dust during crushing, and can be raised above the pipeline during cleaning, thereby preventing water from entering the dust collecting box and improving the dust removal efficiency and effect.

[0017] The present invention inputs water into the sprinkler during the crushing process, and the water hits the atomizing sheet inside the sprinkler to be atomized. The water is then sprayed out through the movable ball and the sprinkler body respectively, so that the lighter dust above the crushing box can be combined with the water to remove the dust above the crushing box, and the dust above the crushing machine body can be removed in combination with dust suction to clean the inside and outside of the device, thereby increasing the service life of the device.

[0018] The present invention stops the driving motor and starts the regulating motor to rotate in a large range when cleaning is needed, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate, thereby driving the fan body to rotate 180 degrees. At this time, the driving toothed disc drives the first gear to rotate, and rotates a certain angle to place the atomizing sheet horizontally. The water in the sprinkler no longer hits the atomizing sheet, and the water flows out from the nozzle body to clean the crushing machine body. In addition, the rotating shaft rotates, thereby driving the fan body to rotate 180 degrees. The suction end and the blowing end of the fan body rotate to the opposite direction of the crushing stage to blow air into the crushing machine body. The two cooperate to quickly switch between the crushing and cleaning stages, thereby reducing preparation time and improving efficiency.

[0019] The present invention can adjust the angle of the nozzle body by rotating the rotating shaft to drive the first gear plate to rotate, the first gear plate drives the second gear to rotate, and the second gear drives the movable ball to rotate together with the nozzle body during the dust removal process. During the spraying process, the spray range can be expanded and the dust removal efficiency can be improved.

[0020] The present invention can drive the filter to rotate at different angles through the cooperation of the driven pulley, the driving pulley and the belt during the crushing and cleaning processes. During the crushing process, the filter has a larger inclination, can transport the soil downward, and can filter the soil better. During the cleaning process, the filter is placed horizontally and is close to the crushing body, so that water-mixed soil can impact the filter, thereby improving the filtering effect, and the subsequent cleaning water can also clean the filter.

[0021] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a soil pollutant detection pretreatment and crushing device according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of a soil pollutant detection pretreatment and crushing device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a soil pollutant detection pretreatment and crushing device according to the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure at AA in the middle; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure at DD in the middle; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point E in the middle; Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 5A partial enlarged view of point F in the middle.

[0024] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows: 110, crushing box; 120, fan assembly; 1201, fan body; 1202, rotating shaft; 1203, driving gear disc; 1204, adjusting motor; 1205, adjusting gear; 1206, rack; 1207, connector; 1208, dust collection box; 1209, pipeline; 130, water spraying assembly; 1301, sprinkler; 1302, atomizing sheet; 1303, connecting shaft; 1304, first gear; 1305, driven shaft; 1306, water pipe; 1307, transfer pipe; 140, nozzle adjustment assembly; 1401, movable ball; 1402, nozzle body; 1403, adjustment shaft; 1404, second gear; 1405, first gear; 150, filter assembly; 1501, mounting frame; 1502, filter screen; 1503, driven pulley; 1504, driving pulley; 1505, belt; 160, crushing assembly; 1601, crushing shaft; 1602, crushing roller; 1603, driving gear; 1604, driven gear; 1605, driving motor; 1606, pulley system; 210, feed hopper; 220, retaining plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "middle", "outer", "inner" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the components or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1-9 As shown, this embodiment is a pre-treatment crushing device for soil pollutant detection, characterized in that it includes a crushing box 110, a fan assembly 120, a water spraying assembly 130, a nozzle adjustment assembly 140, a filter assembly 150 and a crushing assembly 160; The fan assembly 120, the water spray assembly 130, the nozzle adjustment assembly 140, the filter assembly 150 and the crushing assembly 160 are all arranged on the body 110. The fan assembly 120 is arranged on both sides of the crushing box 110, the water spray assembly 130 is arranged on the other two sides of the crushing box 110, the nozzle adjustment assembly 140 is arranged inside the crushing box 110 and is connected to the water spray assembly 130, and the filter assembly 150 is arranged at the bottom of the crushing box 110 and is connected to the fan assembly 120.

[0028] The fan assembly 120 includes a fan body 1201, a rotating shaft 1202, a driving toothed disc 1203, an adjusting motor 1204, an adjusting gear 1205, a rack 1206, a connector 1207 and a dust box 1208. The fan bodies 1201 are movably arranged on both sides of the crushing box 110 through the rotating shaft 1202, the driving toothed disc 1203 is connected to one end of the rotating shaft 1202, the output end of the adjusting motor 1204 is connected to one side of the driving toothed disc 1203, the adjusting gear 1205 is connected to the other end of the rotating shaft 1202, the rack 1206 is movably arranged on one side of the crushing box 110 and meshes with the adjusting gear 1205, one end of the connector 1207 is connected to one side of the rack 1206, and the other end of the connector 1207 is connected to the dust box 1208; Among them, four fan bodies 1201 are provided, two on each of the opposite sides of the crushing box 110; When working, during the crushing process, the fan body 1201 is started. At this time, the air suction end of the fan body 1201 faces the inside of the crushing box 110, sucks the dust inside the crushing box 110, and adjusts the motor 1204 to be able to rotate in a small range, driving the rotating shaft 1202 to rotate, thereby driving the fan body 1201 to rotate, and adjusting the position of the fan body 1201 can absorb floating dust in a larger range, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency and dust removal effect; Moreover, the dust sucked in by the fan body 1201 is discharged at the output end, and then enters the dust collecting box 1208 through the pipe 1209 to collect the dust. The rotation of the rotating shaft 1202 can drive the rack 1206 to move up and down by adjusting the gear 1205, so that the dust collecting box 1208 can move, collect dust during crushing, and rise above the pipe 1209 during cleaning, thereby preventing the dust collecting box 1208 from getting water in, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency and effect.

[0029] The water spray assembly 130 includes a water sprayer 1301, an atomizing sheet 1302 connecting shaft 1303, a first gear 1304 and a driven shaft 1305. A plurality of mounting grooves are arranged on the side of the crushing box 110. A plurality of water sprayers 1301 are arranged in the plurality of mounting grooves respectively. The atomizing sheet 1302 is arranged inside the water sprayer 1301. The connecting shaft 1303 connects the atomizing sheets 1302 in two adjacent water sprayers 1301. One end of the driven shaft 1305 is connected to the first gear 1304, and the other end of the driven shaft 1305 is connected to the atomizing sheet 1302. When working, during the crushing process, water is input into the water sprayer 1301, and the water hits the atomizing sheet 1302 inside the water sprayer 1301 to be atomized, and then sprayed out through the movable ball 1401 and the nozzle body 1402 respectively, which can combine the lighter dust above the crushing box 110 with the water, remove the dust above the crushing box 110, and can cooperate with the removal of dust above the crushing machine body 110, and then cooperate with dust suction, so that the inside and outside of the device can be cleaned, thereby increasing the service life of the device; During operation, when cleaning is required, the driving motor 1605 is stopped, and the regulating motor 1204 is started to rotate in a large range, driving the rotating shaft 1202 to rotate, thereby driving the fan body 1201 to rotate 180°. At this time, the driving toothed disc 1203 drives the first gear 1304 to rotate, and rotates a certain angle to make the atomizing sheet 1302 horizontal. The water in the sprinkler 1301 no longer hits the atomizing sheet 1302, and the water flow is sprayed out from the nozzle body 1402 to clean the crushing body 110. In addition, the rotating shaft 1202 rotates, thereby driving the fan body 1201 to rotate 180°. The suction end and the blowing end of the fan body 1201 rotate to the opposite direction of the crushing stage, and blow air into the crushing body 110. The two cooperate to quickly switch between the crushing and cleaning stages, reduce preparation time, and improve efficiency.

[0030] The nozzle adjustment assembly 140 includes a movable ball 1401, a nozzle body 1402, an adjustment shaft 1403, a second gear 1404 and a first toothed disc 1405. The movable ball 1401 is movably arranged at one end of the sprinkler 1301 and is connected to the sprinkler 1301. The adjustment shaft 1403 is movably arranged on the inner side of the crushing box 110, and the adjustment shaft 1403 is connected to the movable ball 1401. One side of the second gear 1404 is connected to one end of the adjustment shaft 1403. The first toothed disc 1405 is arranged on the rotating shaft 1202, and the second gear 1404 is meshed with the first toothed disc 1405. During operation, in the process of dust removal, when the motor 1204 is adjusted to rotate in a small range, the rotation of the rotating shaft 1202 drives the first gear plate 1405 to rotate, the first gear plate 1405 drives the second gear 1404 to rotate, and the rotation of the second gear 1404 drives the movable ball 1401 and the nozzle body 1402 to rotate together, thereby adjusting the angle of the nozzle body 1402. During the spraying process, the spray range can be expanded to improve the dust removal efficiency.

[0031] The filter assembly 150 includes a mounting frame 1501, a filter screen 1502, a driven pulley 1503, a driving pulley 1504 and a belt 1505. The mounting frame 1501 is arranged at the bottom of the crushing box 110, the filter screen 1502 is movably arranged at one side of the mounting frame 1501 through a mounting shaft, the driven pulley 1503 is arranged at one end of the mounting shaft, the driving pulley 1504 is arranged at one side of the driving toothed disc 1203, and the driven pulley 1503 and the driving pulley 1504 are driven by the belt 1505; During operation, during the crushing and cleaning process, the filter 1502 can be driven to rotate at different angles through the cooperation of the driven pulley 1503, the driving pulley 1504 and the belt 1505. During crushing, the filter 1502 has a larger inclination, which can transport the soil to the bottom and filter the soil better. During cleaning, the filter 1502 is placed horizontally and is close to the crushing body 110. Water mixed with soil can impact the filter 1502, thereby improving the filtering effect, and the subsequent cleaning water can also clean the filter 1502.

[0032] The crushing assembly 160 includes a crushing shaft 1601, a crushing roller 1602, a driving gear 1603, a driven gear 1604 and a driving motor 1605. The two crushing shafts 1601 are arranged in parallel and movably on the inner side of the crushing box 110, the two crushing rollers 1602 are respectively arranged on the circumferential side surfaces of the two crushing shafts 1601, the driving gear 1603 and the driven gear 1604 are respectively arranged at one end of the two crushing shafts 1601, and the driving gear 1603 is meshed with the driven gear 1604, and the output end of the driving motor 1605 is connected to one side of the driving gear 1603.

[0033] A feed hopper 210 is disposed on the top of the crushing box 110 , and a retaining plate 220 is disposed inside the crushing box 110 .

[0034] The fan assembly 120 further includes a pipeline 1209 , one end of which is arranged at one side of the crushing box 110 , and the pipeline 1209 is connected to the fan body 1201 , and the dust box 1208 is adapted to the pipeline 1209 .

[0035] The water spray assembly 130 also includes a water pipe 1306 and a transfer pipe 1307. The transfer pipe 1307 is fixedly arranged on one side of the crushing box 110. One end of the water pipe 1306 is connected to the transfer pipe 1307, and the other end of the water pipe 1306 is connected to the sprinkler 1301. Among them, multiple water pipes 1306 are set to correspond to the sprinklers 1301, and two transfer pipes 1307 are set to provide water for the sprinklers 1301 on both sides of the crushing machine body 110 respectively. The transfer pipes 1307 are directly supplied with water through a water source.

[0036] The working steps of a soil pollutant detection pretreatment crushing device of the present invention are as follows: enter: The soil to be pre-processed is fed into the crushing box 110 through the feed hopper 210; broken: The driving motor 1605 is started, and the driving motor 1605 drives the driving gear 1603 to rotate through the pulley system 1606. The driving gear 1603 rotates and drives the driven gear 1604 to rotate. The driving gear 1603 and the driven gear 1604 respectively drive the two crushing shafts 1601 to rotate, thereby driving the two crushing rollers 1602 to rotate in opposite directions, respectively, to crush the soil between the two crushing rollers 1602; Dust Removal: During the crushing process, the fan body 1201 is started. At this time, the air suction end of the fan body 1201 faces the inside of the crushing box 110 to suck in the dust inside the crushing box 110, and the adjustment motor 1204 can rotate in a small range to drive the rotating shaft 1202 to rotate, thereby driving the fan body 1201 to rotate and adjusting the position of the fan body 1201; The dust sucked by the fan body 1201 is discharged at the output end, and then enters the dust collecting box 1208 through the pipe 1209 to collect the dust; During the crushing process, water is input into the water sprayer 1301, and the water hits the atomizing sheet 1302 inside the water sprayer 1301, and the water is atomized, and then sprayed out through the movable ball 1401 and the nozzle body 1402 respectively, so that the lighter dust above the crushing box 110 can be combined with the water, and the dust above the crushing box 110 can be removed; adjust: During the dust removal process, when the motor 1204 is adjusted to rotate within a small range, the rotation shaft 1202 rotates to drive the first toothed disc 1405 to rotate, the first toothed disc 1405 drives the second gear 1404 to rotate, and the second gear 1404 rotates to drive the movable ball 1401 and the nozzle body 1402 to rotate together, thereby adjusting the angle of the nozzle body 1402; filter: The crushed soil falls on the filter 1502, and the soil of suitable size is filtered by the filter 1502. During the filtering process, since the filter 1502 is connected to the crushing body 110, the vibration of the crushing body 110 can drive the filter 1502 to vibrate, thereby filtering the soil better. Cleaning: When cleaning is needed, the driving motor 1605 is stopped, and the regulating motor 1204 is started to rotate in a large range, driving the rotating shaft 1202 to rotate, thereby driving the fan body 1201 to rotate 180°. At this time, the driving toothed disc 1203 drives the first gear 1304 to rotate, and rotates a certain angle to make the atomizing sheet 1302 horizontal, so that the water in the sprinkler 1301 no longer hits the atomizing sheet 1302, and the water flow is sprayed from the nozzle body 1402 to clean the crushing machine body 110; drying: During the cleaning process, the rotating shaft 1202 rotates, thereby driving the fan body 1201 to rotate 180°, and the suction end and the blowing end of the fan body 1201 rotate to the opposite direction of the crushing stage to blow air into the crushing body 110.

[0037] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A pretreatment and crushing device for soil pollutant detection, characterized in that: It comprises a crushing box (110), a fan assembly (120), a water spraying assembly (130), a nozzle adjustment assembly (140), a filtering assembly (150) and a crushing assembly (160); The fan assembly (120), the water spray assembly (130), the nozzle adjustment assembly (140), the filter assembly (150) and the crushing assembly (160) are all arranged on the machine body (110); the fan assembly (120) is arranged on both sides of the crushing box (110); the water spray assembly (130) is arranged on the other two sides of the crushing box (110); the nozzle adjustment assembly (140) is arranged inside the crushing box (110) and is connected to the water spray assembly (130); and the filter assembly (150) is arranged at the bottom of the crushing box (110) and is connected to the fan assembly (120).

2. A soil pollutant detection pretreatment and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan assembly (120) comprises a fan body (1201), a rotating shaft (1202), a driving toothed disc (1203), an adjusting motor (1204), an adjusting gear (1205), a rack (1206), a connector (1207) and a dust collecting box (1208). The fan bodies (1201) are movably arranged on both sides of the crushing box (110) via the rotating shaft (1202). The driving toothed disc (1203) and the rotating shaft (120 2) one end is connected, the output end of the regulating motor (1204) is connected to one side of the driving toothed disc (1203), the regulating gear (1205) is connected to the other end of the rotating shaft (1202), the rack (1206) is movably arranged on one side of the crushing box (110) and meshes with the regulating gear (1205), one end of the connector (1207) is connected to one side of the rack (1206), and the other end of the connector (1207) is connected to the dust collecting box (1208).

3. A soil pollutant detection pretreatment crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water spraying and atomizing assembly (130) comprises a water sprayer (1301), an atomizing sheet (1302) connecting shaft (1303), a first gear (1304) and a driven shaft (1305); a plurality of mounting grooves are arranged on the side of the crushing box (110); a plurality of water sprayers (1301) are arranged in the plurality of mounting grooves respectively; the atomizing sheet (1302) is arranged inside the water sprayer (1301); the connecting shaft (1303) connects the atomizing sheets (1302) in two adjacent water sprayers (1301); one end of the driven shaft (1305) is connected to the first gear (1304); and the other end of the driven shaft (1305) is connected to the atomizing sheet (1302).

4. A soil pollutant detection pretreatment and crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The nozzle adjustment assembly (140) comprises a movable ball (1401), a nozzle body (1402), an adjustment shaft (1403), a second gear (1404) and a first toothed disc (1405); the movable ball (1401) is movably arranged at one end of the sprinkler (1301) and is in communication with the sprinkler (1301); the adjustment shaft (1403) is movably arranged on the inner side of the crushing box (110), and the adjustment shaft (1403) is connected to the movable ball (1401); one side of the second gear (1404) is connected to one end of the adjustment shaft (1403); the first toothed disc (1405) is arranged on the rotating shaft (1202), and the second gear (1404) is meshed with the first toothed disc (1405).

5. A soil pollutant detection pretreatment and crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filter assembly (150) comprises a mounting frame (1501), a filter screen (1502), a driven pulley (1503), a driving pulley (1504) and a belt (1505); the mounting frame (1501) is arranged at the bottom of the crushing box (110); the filter screen (1502) is movably arranged on one side of the mounting frame (1501) via a mounting shaft; the driven pulley (1503) is arranged at one end of the mounting shaft; the driving pulley (1504) is arranged on one side of the driving toothed disc (1203); and the driven pulley (1503) and the driving pulley (1504) are driven via a belt (1505).

6. A soil pollutant detection pretreatment and crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The crushing assembly (160) comprises a crushing shaft (1601), a crushing roller (1602), a driving gear (1603), a driven gear (1604), a driving motor (1605) and a pulley system (1606); the two crushing shafts (1601) are arranged in parallel and movably on the inner side of the crushing box (110); the two crushing rollers (1602) are respectively arranged on the peripheral side of the two crushing shafts (1601); the driving gear (1603) and the driven gear (1604) are respectively arranged at one end of the two crushing shafts (1601); the driving gear (1603) and the driven gear (1604) are meshed with each other; and the output end of the driving motor (1605) is connected to one side of the driving gear (1603) through the pulley system (1606).

7. A soil pollutant detection pretreatment and crushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A feed hopper (210) is provided on the top of the crushing box (110), and a retaining plate (220) is provided inside the crushing box (110).

8. A soil pollutant detection pretreatment and crushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fan assembly (120) further comprises a pipeline (1209), one end of which is arranged on one side of the crushing box (110), and the pipeline (1209) is connected to the fan body (1201), and the dust collection box (1208) is adapted to fit the pipeline (1209).

9. A soil pollutant detection pretreatment and crushing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water spraying assembly (130) further comprises a water delivery pipe (1306) and a transfer pipe (1307); the transfer pipe (1307) is fixedly arranged on one side of the crushing box (110); one end of the water delivery pipe (1306) is connected to the transfer pipe (1307); and the other end of the water delivery pipe (1306) is connected to the water sprayer (1301).

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