Super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and super-hydrophobic surface

Abstract

The invention provides a super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and a super-hydrophobic surface, and belongs to the technical field of material surface treatment.The super-hydrophobic surface preparation method comprises the following steps that dispersion liquid I which is prepared in advance and takes wear-resistant polymer micron particles as a dispersion phase and a first organic solvent with a binder dissolved as a dispersion medium is sprayed to the bonding face of a high-temperature-resistant double-sided tape, and the high-temperature-resistant double-sided tape is obtained; after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid I is dried, a first treated surface is obtained; spraying a dispersion liquid II which is prepared in advance and takes polymer nanoparticles and inorganic nanoparticles as a dispersion phase and a second organic solvent as a dispersion medium on the first treated surface, and obtaining a second treated surface after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid II is dried; and hot pressing treatment is conducted on the second treatment surface, and the super-hydrophobic surface is obtained. By utilizing the preparation method, the antifouling super-hydrophobic surface with flexibility, mechanical wear resistance and water impact resistance can be prepared.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of material surface treatment, and more specifically, to a super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and a super-hydrophobic surface. Background Art

[0002] Super-hydrophobic surfaces have broad application prospects in industrial fields such as underwater vehicle drag reduction, marine anti-fouling, aerospace anti-icing, and anti-corrosion. The key to the function of super-hydrophobic surfaces lies in the air layer on their surface. However, mechanical friction will destroy the micro-nano structure of the super-hydrophobic surface, and water flow impact will destroy the air layer on its surface, causing the super-hydrophobic surface to lose its corresponding function.

[0003] At present, although several design strategies have been reported in the literature to prepare mechanically wear-resistant superhydrophobic surfaces, each strategy still has certain limitations. The mechanical wear resistance of superhydrophobic materials is enhanced by self-similar structures or the introduction of armor structures, but the prepared superhydrophobic materials are generally rigid block materials, which limits their application. Mechanically wear-resistant superhydrophobic surfaces can be prepared by enhancing interfacial bonding with adhesives. In this design strategy, the use of adhesives usually requires the introduction of fluorinated agents to reduce surface energy, and the adhesives will coat the nanoparticles, resulting in a decrease in water impact resistance.

[0004] In summary, there is still a lack of an effective solution for superhydrophobic surfaces that have flexibility, mechanical wear resistance and water impact resistance.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present invention, and therefore may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and a super-hydrophobic surface, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that there is a lack of an effective solution for a super-hydrophobic surface that has flexibility, mechanical wear resistance and water impact resistance.

[0007] The present invention provides a method for preparing a super-hydrophobic surface, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Spraying a pre-prepared dispersion liquid I with wear-resistant polymer micron particles as a dispersed phase and a first organic solvent in which a binder is dissolved as a dispersion medium onto the bonding surface of the high-temperature resistant double-sided tape, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid I is dried, a first treated surface is obtained;

[0009] Spraying a pre-prepared dispersion II with polymer nanoparticles and inorganic nanoparticles as dispersed phases and a second organic solvent as a dispersion medium on the first treated surface, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion II is dried, a second treated surface is obtained;

[0010] The second treated surface is subjected to heat pressing treatment to obtain a super hydrophobic surface.

[0011] In addition, a preferred solution is that after the second treated surface is subjected to hot pressing to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface, the method further comprises:

[0012] Parallel hydrophilic strips are introduced on the super hydrophobic surface; wherein,

[0013] The method of introducing parallel hydrophilic stripes on the super-hydrophobic surface comprises:

[0014] A template having parallel hollow strips is covered on the super hydrophobic surface, and parallel hydrophilic strips are introduced on the super hydrophobic surface by spraying or using a marker pen; wherein,

[0015] The interval between the hydrophilic strips is 1 to 12 mm.

[0016] In addition, a preferred embodiment is that the method for preparing the dispersion I comprises:

[0017] Dissolving the binder in the first organic solvent to obtain an organic solution; wherein the mass fraction of the binder in the organic solution is 0.5% to 8%;

[0018] Using the wear-resistant polymer micron particles as a dispersed phase and the organic solution as a dispersion medium;

[0019] The dispersed phase is dispersed in the dispersion medium and subjected to ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform dispersion liquid I; wherein, in the dispersion liquid I, 5 to 200 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in each milliliter of the dispersion medium.

[0020] In addition, a preferred embodiment is that the wear-resistant polymer microparticles are any one of polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyether sulfone, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion; and / or the binder is any one of hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer, polydimethylsiloxane, modified epoxy resin, and modified polyurethane, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion; and / or the first organic solvent is any one of ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, and tetrahydrofuran, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion.

[0021] In addition, a preferred solution is that the spraying pressure of the dispersion liquid I is 0.5 to 4 bar.

[0022] In addition, a preferred embodiment is that the method for preparing the dispersion II comprises:

[0023] Using the polymer nanoparticles and the inorganic nanoparticles in a mass ratio of 0:1 to 2:1 as a dispersed phase, and using the second organic solvent as a dispersion medium;

[0024] The dispersed phase is dispersed in the dispersion medium and subjected to ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform dispersion liquid II; wherein, in the dispersion liquid II, 5 to 35 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in each milliliter of the dispersion medium.

[0025] In addition, a preferred embodiment is that the polymer nanoparticles are any one of polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion; and / or the inorganic nanoparticles are any one of modified silica, graphene, carbon nanotubes and silicon carbide, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion; and / or the second organic solvent is ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, or any one of two mixed solvents thereof, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion.

[0026] In addition, a preferred solution is that the spraying pressure of the dispersion II is 0.5 to 4 bar.

[0027] In addition, a preferred solution is that the second treated surface is subjected to hot pressing treatment to obtain a super hydrophobic surface, comprising:

[0028] The second treated surface is placed in a vulcanizer, and hot-pressed for 1 to 10 minutes under the conditions of a hot-pressing pressure of 0.1 to 8 MPa and a temperature of 120 to 260° C. to obtain a super hydrophobic surface.

[0029] The present invention provides a super-hydrophobic surface, which is prepared by the super-hydrophobic surface preparation method as described above.

[0030] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and the super-hydrophobic surface provided by the present invention act as "armor" by utilizing the micron-level roughness generated by the micron-level wear-resistant material, thereby protecting the nanoparticles from wear; at the same time, the flexible super-hydrophobic surface reduces the water hammer pressure generated by the water flow impact by reducing the effective acoustic resistance of the system, thereby enhancing the water impact resistance of the super-hydrophobic surface; the present invention uses a high-temperature resistant double-sided tape as a flexible substrate, sprays dispersion I and dispersion II on its bonding surface in sequence, and then combines a hot pressing process, so that the prepared super-hydrophobic surface is a wear-resistant, impact-resistant, flexible anti-fouling super-hydrophobic surface, which can be adhered to a substrate of any shape by removing the other side of the high-temperature resistant double-sided tape with release paper (film) according to the actual substrate needs, and has a wide range of applications.

[0031] In addition, the present invention also introduces hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface to bind the air layer to stabilize the air layer, thereby making the prepared super-hydrophobic surface have better drag reduction performance.

[0032] In order to achieve the above and related purposes, one or more aspects of the present invention include the features that will be described in detail later. The following description and the accompanying drawings describe some exemplary aspects of the present invention in detail. However, these aspects indicate only some of the various ways in which the principles of the present invention can be used. In addition, the present invention is intended to include all these aspects and their equivalents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] By referring to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and with a more comprehensive understanding of the present invention, other objects and results of the present invention will become more clear and easy to understand. In the accompanying drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 Flow chart of a method for preparing a super-hydrophobic surface according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a preparation process of a super-hydrophobic surface according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 Surface scanning electron microscope images of the super-hydrophobic surface in Example 1 of the present invention at different magnifications;

[0037] Figure 4 is a scanning electron microscope image of a cross section of the super-hydrophobic surface in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 is a graph showing changes in contact angle (CA) and rolling angle (RA) of the super-hydrophobic surface according to Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention as a function of wear distance;

[0039] Figure 6 is a graph showing changes in the contact angle (CA) and the rolling angle (RA) of the super-hydrophobic surface according to Example 1 of the present invention as a function of the water flow impact time of 8.9 m / s;

[0040] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the super-hydrophobic surface in Example 1 of the present invention attached to the surface of an object with different curvatures and shapes;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a comparison diagram of the anti-naval algae adhesion effects of the super hydrophobic surface (TSHS) in Example 1 of the present invention and the glass plate and aluminum plate;

[0042] Fig. 9 This is a graph showing the attachment density of Navicula on the super-hydrophobic surface and the glass plate and aluminum plate according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.10This is a comparison diagram of the super hydrophobic surface (TSHS) in Example 1 of the present invention and glass plates and aluminum plates before and after the actual marine environment hanging board test;

[0044] Fig.11 3 is a drag reduction curve of the super-hydrophobic surface at different Reynolds numbers according to Example 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In the following description, for the purpose of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. However, it is apparent that these embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details.

[0046] In view of the problem that the prior art mentioned above lacks an effective solution for a super-hydrophobic surface that has flexibility, mechanical wear resistance and water impact resistance, a super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and a super-hydrophobic surface are proposed.

[0047] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] In order to illustrate the super hydrophobic surface preparation method and super hydrophobic surface provided by the present invention, Figure 1 The process of the method for preparing a super-hydrophobic surface according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 The preparation process of the super-hydrophobic surface according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 The surface electron microscope scanning structure of the super-hydrophobic surface in Example 1 of the present invention at different magnifications is shown; Figure 4 The electron microscope scanning structure of the cross section of the super-hydrophobic surface in Example 1 of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 The graphs showing the change of the contact angle (CA) and the rolling angle (RA) of the super-hydrophobic surface according to Example 1 of the present invention with the wear distance; Figure 6 The graphs showing the change of the contact angle (CA) and the rolling angle (RA) of the super-hydrophobic surface according to Example 1 of the present invention with the impact time of the water flow of 8.9 m / s; Figure 7 The super-hydrophobic surface in Example 1 of the present invention is attached to the surface of an object with different curvatures and shapes; Figure 8 The comparison of the anti-attachment effect of the super hydrophobic surface (TSHS) according to Example 1 of the present invention and the glass plate and aluminum plate on the anti-attachment effect of the super hydrophobic surface (TSHS) according to Example 1 of the present invention is shown; Fig. 9 The attachment density of Navicula on the super-hydrophobic surface and the glass plate and aluminum plate according to Example 1 of the present invention is shown; Fig.10 The figure shows the comparison between the super hydrophobic surface (TSHS) in Example 1 of the present invention and the glass plate and aluminum plate before and after the actual marine environment hanging board test; Fig.11 The drag reduction rate curve of the super-hydrophobic surface at different Reynolds numbers according to Example 2 of the present invention is shown.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for preparing a super hydrophobic surface provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0050] Step S1, spraying a pre-prepared dispersion I with wear-resistant polymer micron particles as the dispersed phase and a first organic solvent containing a binder as the dispersed medium onto the bonding surface of the high-temperature resistant double-sided tape, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion I is dried, a first treated surface is obtained.

[0051] Specifically, the high-temperature resistant double-sided tape generally has two sides, and the adhesive surface of one side is covered with a release paper (film). When in use, the release paper (film) is removed to attach it to a substrate. In the present invention, the adhesive surface of the high-temperature resistant double-sided tape (not covered with release paper) is used as the base surface to make a super-hydrophobic surface. After the super-hydrophobic surface is made, the release paper (film) is removed and then adhered to the substrate structure on which the super-hydrophobic surface needs to be prepared. It can be used for objects of irregular shapes and has good flexibility.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of dispersion liquid I comprises:

[0053] Dissolving a binder in a first organic solvent to obtain an organic solution; wherein the mass fraction of the binder in the organic solution is 0.5% to 8%;

[0054] Wear-resistant polymer micron particles are used as dispersed phase and organic solution is used as dispersion medium;

[0055] The dispersed phase is dispersed in a dispersion medium and subjected to ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform dispersion liquid I; wherein, in the dispersion liquid I, 5 to 200 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in each milliliter of the dispersion medium.

[0056] Specifically, the dispersion I prepared by the above method is sprayed on the bonding surface of the high temperature resistant double-sided tape, and the micron-level wear-resistant material produces micron-level roughness, acting as "armor", thereby protecting the nanoparticles in the subsequently sprayed dispersion II from wear and tear, thereby increasing the mechanical wear resistance.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wear-resistant polymer microparticles are any one of polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether sulfone, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion; and / or,

[0058] The binder is any one of hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer, polydimethylsiloxane, modified epoxy resin, modified polyurethane, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion; and / or,

[0059] The first organic solvent is any one of ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, and tetrahydrofuran, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion.

[0060] It should be noted that the above are preferred solutions for the wear-resistant polymer micron particles, the binder and the first organic solvent, and the present invention does not specifically limit this.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spraying pressure of the dispersion I is 0.5 to 4 bar.

[0062] It should be noted that the spraying pressure of the dispersion I is preferably, but not limited to, 0.5 to 4 bar.

[0063] Step S2, spraying a pre-prepared dispersion II with polymer nanoparticles and inorganic nanoparticles as dispersed phases and a second organic solvent as a dispersion medium on the first treated surface, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion II is dried, a second treated surface is obtained.

[0064] Specifically, the dispersion II is sprayed on the first treated surface, and the nanoparticles are used to make the first treated surface super-hydrophobic.

[0065] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of dispersion II comprises:

[0066] Using polymer nanoparticles and inorganic nanoparticles in a mass ratio of 0:1 to 2:1 as a dispersed phase, and using the second organic solvent as a dispersion medium;

[0067] The dispersed phase is dispersed in the dispersion medium and subjected to ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform dispersion liquid II; wherein, in the dispersion liquid II, 5 to 35 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in each milliliter of the dispersion medium.

[0068] Specifically, the dispersion II prepared by the above method is sprayed on the first treated surface to form a better super-hydrophobic surface.

[0069] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polymer nanoparticles are any one of polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion; and / or, the inorganic nanoparticles are any one of modified silica, graphene, carbon nanotubes and silicon carbide, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion; and / or, the second organic solvent is ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, or any one of two mixed solvents thereof, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion.

[0070] Specifically, the above are preferred embodiments of the polymer nanoparticles, the inorganic nanoparticles and the second organic solvent, and the present invention does not specifically limit this.

[0071] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spraying pressure of the dispersion II is 0.5 to 4 bar.

[0072] It should be noted that the spraying pressure of the dispersion II is preferably, but not limited to, 0.5 to 4 bar.

[0073] Step S3, performing hot pressing treatment on the second treated surface to obtain a super hydrophobic surface.

[0074] Specifically, through the hot pressing process, the wear-resistant material and the base surface, and the nanoparticles and the wear-resistant material are tightly bonded, thereby increasing the wear resistance and impact resistance of the prepared super-hydrophobic surface.

[0075] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second treated surface is subjected to heat pressing treatment to obtain a super hydrophobic surface, comprising:

[0076] The second treated surface is placed in a vulcanizer, and hot-pressed for 1 to 10 minutes under the conditions of a hot-pressing pressure of 0.1 to 8 MPa and a temperature of 120 to 260° C. to obtain a super-hydrophobic surface.

[0077] Specifically, the process parameters of the hot pressing treatment are the preferred parameters of the present invention, and can be adjusted within a small range in practical applications, and the present invention does not make any special limitations on this.

[0078] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the second treated surface is subjected to heat pressing to obtain a super-hydrophobic surface, the method further comprises:

[0079] Parallel hydrophilic strips are introduced on the superhydrophobic surface; wherein,

[0080] Methods for introducing parallel hydrophilic stripes on superhydrophobic surfaces include:

[0081] A template with parallel hollow strips is covered on a super-hydrophobic surface, and parallel hydrophilic strips are introduced on the super-hydrophobic surface by spraying or using a marker pen; wherein,

[0082] The spacing between the hydrophilic strips is 1 to 12 mm.

[0083] Specifically, by introducing parallel hydrophilic strips to stabilize the air layer on the super-hydrophobic surface, the impact-resistant flexible super-hydrophobic surface prepared is simultaneously provided with good drag reduction. Wherein, the above-mentioned mode of introducing hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and of course other modes can also be used to introduce parallel hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface, for example, directly by spraying or brush or pen (such as writing brush, marker, paintbrush) etc. directly dip in hydrophilic reagent to draw hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface, or utilize the strip plate dipped in hydrophilic reagent to cover the super-hydrophobic surface, so that the covering part forms parallel hydrophilic strips etc. The above-mentioned preferred embodiment is by using the mode of spraying or marker pen to introduce parallel hydrophilic strips using template, it can ensure that the position of the hydrophilic strips introduced is more accurate, and the operation is quick and convenient, but it is not the only scheme for introducing parallel hydrophilic strips, thus, the present invention is not particularly limited to the method for introducing parallel hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface.

[0084] The super-hydrophobic surface provided by the present invention is prepared by using any of the super-hydrophobic surface preparation methods described above in the present invention.

[0085] In order to better explain in detail and verify the technical effects of the super-hydrophobic surface preparation method provided by the present invention, and the wear resistance, water impact resistance, flexibility, antifouling and drag reduction of the super-hydrophobic surface prepared by the method, the following examples are given:

[0086] Example 1

[0087] Preparation of Dispersion I

[0088] Dissolving the hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer in butyl acetate to obtain an organic solution; wherein the mass fraction of the hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer in the organic solution is 2.2%;

[0089] Using polyethylene as dispersed phase and organic solution as dispersion medium;

[0090] The dispersed phase is dispersed in the dispersion medium and subjected to ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform dispersion liquid I; wherein, in the dispersion liquid I, 80 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in each milliliter of the dispersion medium.

[0091] Preparation of dispersion II

[0092] Polyvinylidene fluoride and modified silica in a mass ratio of 0.5:1 were used as dispersed phases, and ethyl acetate was used as a dispersion medium;

[0093] The dispersed phase is dispersed in a dispersion medium and subjected to ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform dispersion liquid II; wherein, in the dispersion liquid II, 30 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in each milliliter of the dispersion medium.

[0094] The preparation process of super hydrophobic surface is as follows:

[0095] Step S1, spraying the dispersion liquid I on the bonding surface of the high temperature resistant double-sided tape, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid I is dried, a first treated surface is obtained; wherein the spraying pressure of the dispersion liquid I is 4 bar.

[0096] Step S2, spraying the dispersion liquid II on the first treated surface, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid II is dried, obtaining the second treated surface; wherein the spraying pressure of the dispersion liquid II is 2 bar.

[0097] Step S3, placing the second treated surface in a vulcanizer, and performing hot pressing treatment for 3 minutes under the conditions of hot pressing pressure of 2 MPa and temperature of 160° C. to obtain a super hydrophobic surface.

[0098] Example 2

[0099] The same dispersion I and dispersion II were used as in Example 1. The preparation process of the super hydrophobic surface is as follows:

[0100] Step S1, spraying the dispersion liquid I on the bonding surface of the high temperature resistant double-sided tape, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid I is dried, a first treated surface is obtained; wherein the spraying pressure of the dispersion liquid I is 4 bar.

[0101] Step S2, spraying the dispersion liquid II on the first treated surface, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid II is dried, the second treated surface is obtained, which is a super hydrophobic surface; wherein the spraying pressure of the dispersion liquid II is 2 bar.

[0102] Example 3

[0103] Since the binding effect of the hydrophilic strips on the air layer on the super-hydrophobic surface is independent of the substrate, the preparation of the super-hydrophobic surface is simplified based on Example 1. A template with parallel hollow strips is covered on the obtained super-hydrophobic surface, and parallel hydrophilic strips are drawn with a pen. The spacing between the hydrophilic strips is 6 mm to obtain a drag-reducing super-hydrophobic surface.

[0104] Preparation of Dispersion I

[0105] Dissolving the hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer in butyl acetate to obtain an organic solution; wherein the mass fraction of the hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer in the organic solution is 6%;

[0106] Using polyethylene as dispersed phase and organic solution as dispersion medium;

[0107] The dispersed phase is dispersed in the dispersion medium and subjected to ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform dispersion liquid I; wherein, in the dispersion liquid I, 11 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in each milliliter of the dispersion medium.

[0108] Preparation of dispersion II

[0109] Using modified silica as a dispersed phase and a mixed solvent of butyl acetate and ethyl acetate as a dispersion medium;

[0110] The dispersed phase is dispersed in a dispersion medium and subjected to ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform dispersion liquid II; wherein, in the dispersion liquid II, 20 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in each milliliter of the dispersion medium.

[0111] The preparation process of super hydrophobic surface is as follows:

[0112] Step S1, spraying the dispersion liquid I on the bonding surface of the high temperature resistant double-sided tape, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid I is dried, a first treated surface is obtained; wherein the spraying pressure of the dispersion liquid I is 2 bar.

[0113] Step S2, spraying the dispersion liquid II on the first treated surface, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid II is dried, obtaining the second treated surface; wherein the spraying pressure of the dispersion liquid II is 2 bar.

[0114] Step S3, covering the obtained second treated surface with a template having parallel hollow strips, drawing parallel hydrophilic strips with a spacing of 6 mm between the hydrophilic strips, and obtaining a drag-reducing super-hydrophobic surface.

[0115] The super-hydrophobic surface prepared in Example 1 was scanned by an electron microscope scanner to obtain the following Figure 3 The surface microstructures at different magnifications are shown. Figure 3 It can be seen that it is composed of micron particles and nanoparticles, in which a dense nanoparticle layer adheres to the surface of the micron particles.

[0116] The cross section was scanned by electron microscope scanner, and the following Figure 4 The cross-sectional microstructure shown in the figure is Figure 4 In the embodiment 1, it can be observed that the nanoparticles are embedded in the gaps of the microparticles. This structure means that the super-hydrophobic surface prepared in Example 1 has good mechanical wear resistance.

[0117] The sample of the super-hydrophobic surface prepared in Example 1 was cut into a size of 2 cm × 2 cm, pasted directly below a 200 g weight, and then subjected to a wear test facing a 1000 grit sandpaper. The sample slid along the stainless steel ruler on the sandpaper for 10 cm, then the sample rotated 90° and continued to slide for 10 cm, which was defined as one wear cycle. CA and RA were measured every 5 wear cycles. Figure 5As shown in the figure, before the sandpaper wear test, all samples showed good super-hydrophobic properties, i.e., CA>150°, RA<10°. The super-hydrophobic surface can withstand 900 cm of wear and has excellent wear resistance. However, the super-hydrophobic surface of Example 2 that has not been hot-pressed has poor wear resistance and loses super-hydrophobic properties after 5 wear cycles.

[0118] A high-speed water flow of 8.9 m / s (Weber number We = 9792.4) was applied to the super-hydrophobic surface prepared in Example 1 to simulate rainwater impact. The water flow was generated by a circulating water pump, the water flow nozzle diameter was 9 mm, and the water flow speed was calculated based on the water volume and time. Each impact lasted for 4 minutes, and then its CA and RA were measured until the surface lost its super-hydrophobicity. The super-hydrophobic surface still maintained super-hydrophobic properties after 40 minutes of water flow impact, such as Figure 6 shown.

[0119] In order to verify that the super-hydrophobic surface prepared in Example 1 has good flexibility, it can be firmly attached to objects with different curvatures or shapes, such as a round plastic tube with a diameter of 6.0 mm, a cube with a side length of 8 mm, or a flat surface. Figure 7 shown.

[0120] The super-hydrophobic surface prepared in Example 1 was immersed in 9 mL of Navicula algae liquid (the density of Navicula algae was 10 5 ~10 6 The samples were placed in a 400 μL (100 μg / mL) solution and allowed to adsorb for 24 h. The samples were then taken out and rinsed with deionized water to remove the weakly adhering Navicula. The three samples were then placed under a fluorescence microscope to observe the attachment of the Navicula. At least 9 positions were selected for each sample, and the Navicula attached to different areas were counted. Compared with the glass and aluminum surfaces, the number of Navicula on the superhydrophobic surface was the least, with a 1 mm diameter. 2 Only 8 ± 6.9 Navicula attached to the area, showing excellent resistance to diatom attachment, such as Figure 8 and Fig. 9 shown.

[0121] The super-hydrophobic surface prepared in Example 1 was placed in the ocean together with a glass plate and an aluminum plate for a real ocean environment hanging plate test. The test site was the sea area near Xiaodao Bay, Jimo District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province. The real sea depth selected for the test was about 2m, where fouling organisms were relatively enriched. After one month, the super-hydrophobic surface was not attached to the organisms, while some fouling secretions and algae appeared on the glass and aluminum plate surfaces, which preliminarily proved the anti-fouling performance of the super-hydrophobic surface. Fig.10 shown.

[0122] like Fig.11As shown, the drag reduction rate of the two super-hydrophobic surfaces prepared in Example 2 was tested. After the hydrophilic strips were introduced, the drag reduction performance was better, and the drag reduction rate was as high as 33%.

[0123] It should be noted that: in actual application, the wear-resistant polymer micron particles, the binder, the first organic solvent, the polymer nanoparticles, the inorganic nanoparticles, and the second organic solvent can adopt the various options given above in the present invention, so that the various components of the dispersion I and the dispersion II can be combined with each other in many types. The specific embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention are just illustrative of selecting one of the multiple options for representative performance verification, which does not mean that other options cannot achieve the technical effect of the scheme of the present invention. In actual application, the applicant has also briefly verified other components, and their technical effects are not much different from those of embodiments 1 and 2 provided by the present invention.

[0124] In addition, this embodiment is only for the purpose of describing in detail the method for preparing a super-hydrophobic surface and the practical application of the super-hydrophobic surface provided by the present invention, and does not limit the technical solution provided by the present invention.

[0125] It can be seen from the above specific embodiments that the super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and the super-hydrophobic surface provided by the present invention act as "armor" by utilizing the micron-level roughness generated by the micron-level wear-resistant material, thereby protecting the nanoparticles from wear; at the same time, the flexible super-hydrophobic surface reduces the water hammer pressure generated by the water flow impact by reducing the effective acoustic resistance of the system, thereby enhancing the water impact resistance of the super-hydrophobic surface; the present invention uses a high-temperature resistant double-sided tape as a flexible substrate, sprays dispersion I and dispersion II on its bonding surface in sequence, and then combines a hot pressing process, so that the prepared super-hydrophobic surface is a wear-resistant, impact-resistant, flexible anti-fouling super-hydrophobic surface, which can be adhered to an irregularly shaped substrate by removing the other side of the high-temperature resistant double-sided tape with release paper (film) according to the actual substrate needs, and has a wide range of applications.

[0126] In addition, the present invention also stabilizes the air layer by introducing hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface to bind the air layer, thereby making the prepared super-hydrophobic surface have better drag reduction performance.

[0127] As above, the super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and the super-hydrophobic surface proposed according to the present invention have been described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. But it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, for the super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and the super-hydrophobic surface proposed by the present invention described above, various improvements can also be made without departing from the content of the present invention. Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the content of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a super-hydrophobic surface, characterized in that: The steps include: Spraying a pre-prepared dispersion liquid I with wear-resistant polymer micron particles as a dispersed phase and a first organic solvent in which a binder is dissolved as a dispersed medium onto the bonding surface of the high-temperature resistant double-sided tape, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid I is dried, a first treated surface is obtained; Spraying a pre-prepared dispersion II with polymer nanoparticles and inorganic nanoparticles as dispersed phases and a second organic solvent as a dispersion medium on the first treated surface, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion II is dried, a second treated surface is obtained; The second treated surface is subjected to heat pressing treatment to obtain a super hydrophobic surface.

2. The method for preparing a super-hydrophobic surface according to claim 1, wherein After the second treated surface is subjected to hot pressing treatment to obtain the super hydrophobic surface, the method further comprises: Parallel hydrophilic strips are introduced on the super hydrophobic surface; wherein, The method of introducing parallel hydrophilic stripes on the super-hydrophobic surface comprises: A template having parallel hollow strips is covered on the super hydrophobic surface, and parallel hydrophilic strips are introduced on the super hydrophobic surface by spraying or using a marker pen; wherein, The interval between the hydrophilic strips is 1 to 12 mm.

3. The method for preparing a super-hydrophobic surface according to claim 1, wherein The preparation method of the dispersion I comprises: Dissolving the binder in the first organic solvent to obtain an organic solution; wherein the mass fraction of the binder in the organic solution is 0.5% to 8%; Using the wear-resistant polymer micron particles as a dispersed phase and the organic solution as a dispersion medium; The dispersed phase is dispersed in the dispersion medium and subjected to ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform dispersion liquid I; wherein, in the dispersion liquid I, 5 to 200 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in each milliliter of the dispersion medium.

4. The method for preparing a super hydrophobic surface according to claim 1, wherein The wear-resistant polymer microparticles are any one of polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether sulfone, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion; and / or, The binder is any one of hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer, polydimethylsiloxane, modified epoxy resin, modified polyurethane, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion; and / or, The first organic solvent is any one of ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, and tetrahydrofuran, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion.

5. The method for preparing a super-hydrophobic surface according to claim 1, wherein The spraying pressure of the dispersion I is 0.5-4 bar.

6. The method for preparing a super-hydrophobic surface according to claim 1, wherein The preparation method of the dispersion II comprises: Using the polymer nanoparticles and the inorganic nanoparticles in a mass ratio of 0:1 to 2:1 as a dispersed phase, and using the second organic solvent as a dispersion medium; The dispersed phase is dispersed in the dispersion medium and subjected to ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform dispersion liquid II; wherein, in the dispersion liquid II, 5 to 35 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in each milliliter of the dispersion medium.

7. The method for preparing a super-hydrophobic surface according to claim 1, wherein The polymer nanoparticles are any one of polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion; and / or, The inorganic nanoparticles are any one of modified silicon dioxide, graphene, carbon nanotubes and silicon carbide, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion; and / or, The second organic solvent is any one of ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, or a mixed solvent of two thereof, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion.

8. The method for preparing a super hydrophobic surface according to claim 1, wherein The spraying pressure of the dispersion II is 0.5-4 bar.

9. The method for preparing a super-hydrophobic surface according to claim 1, wherein The step of subjecting the second treated surface to a hot pressing treatment to obtain a super hydrophobic surface comprises: The second treated surface is placed in a vulcanizer, and hot-pressed for 1 to 10 minutes under the conditions of a hot-pressing pressure of 0.1 to 8 MPa and a temperature of 120 to 260° C. to obtain a super hydrophobic surface.

10. A super hydrophobic surface, characterized in that: The super-hydrophobic surface is prepared by the method for preparing the super-hydrophobic surface as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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