Forming device and forming method of a profiled sheet metal stamping

Abstract

The application discloses a forming device and forming method of a special-shaped sheet metal stamping part, which comprises a forming lower die and a forming upper die for cooperating with forming stamping parts; long-side shearing dies are arranged on both sides of the forming die in the width direction, and the outer sides of the long-side shearing dies are provided with long-side pressing dies; wide-side shearing dies are arranged on both sides of the forming die in the length direction, and the outer sides of the wide-side shearing dies are provided with wide-side pressing dies; the forming lower die comprises an initial shape and a concave die shape, the forming upper die comprises an initial shape and a convex die shape, the forming lower die and the forming upper die in the initial shape cooperate to form the concave-convex structure of the stamping part in the width direction, and the forming lower die in the concave die shape and the forming upper die in the convex die shape cooperate to form the concave-convex structure of the stamping part in the length direction. The application can realize high-precision forming of the sheet metal stamping part with a complex concave-convex structure and ensure the smoothness of the multiple bent edges.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of stamping device, in particular to a forming device and forming method of profiled sheet metal stamping part. BACKGROUND

[0002] The reinforcing part of the household appliance back plate usually adopts sheet metal stamping part, considering its reinforcing capacity and the adhesion requirement with the back plate, a complex profiled structure is usually formed, which has staggered concave-convex structures in length and width directions. It is difficult to guarantee the forming quality of the complex profile through one-step stamping forming by designing a special integrated die, which may lead to the adhesion of the stamping part with the household appliance back plate to be reduced, the bearing strength to be weakened, and the expected effect to be unable to be achieved. The multi-step stamping forming by multiple stamping devices requires high accuracy between the multiple device modules, and occupies a large space of processing site. In addition, the edge burr of the stamping part also needs to be additionally provided with a burr pressing die, and the manufacturing cost and difficulty of the burr pressing die are large due to the complex multi-bend structure of the edge. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a forming device and forming method of profiled sheet metal stamping part, which can realize high-precision forming of sheet metal stamping parts with complex concave-convex structures and ensure smoothness of the multi-bend edge.

[0004] Technical scheme: In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the forming device and forming method of profiled sheet metal stamping part of the present application comprises a forming lower die and a forming upper die, which constitute a forming die for relative stamping forming of the stamping part. The width direction and the length direction of the stamping part both include a plurality of concave parts and a plurality of convex parts.

[0005] In the width direction of the forming die, long edge shearing dies are arranged on both sides.

[0006] In the length direction of the forming die, wide edge shearing dies are arranged on both sides.

[0007] The forming lower die and the forming upper die are both composed of a plurality of die units in the respective length directions, and the plurality of die units are relatively vertically slidable, for switching the shapes of the forming lower die and the forming upper die.

[0008] The forming lower die comprises an initial shape and a concave die shape, the forming upper die comprises an initial shape and a convex die shape, and the forming lower die and the forming upper die in the initial shape cooperate to form the concave-convex structure of the stamping part in the width direction, and the forming lower die in the concave die shape cooperates with the forming upper die in the convex die shape to form the concave-convex structure of the stamping part in the length direction.

[0009] Further, in the length direction of the forming lower die, a plurality of the mold units comprise a first lower die corresponding to the highest convex part in the length direction of the stamping part, and a plurality of second lower dies corresponding to a plurality of concave parts in the length direction of the stamping part, the first lower die is fixedly connected to the substrate, and the second lower dies are elastically lifted relative to the substrate by the buffer.

[0010] Further, the substrate is provided with a support limiting rod corresponding to the plurality of second lower dies, and the support limiting rod is lifted and adjusted to adjust the active lower limit position corresponding to the second lower die.

[0011] Further, in the length direction of the forming upper die, a plurality of the mold units comprise a first upper die corresponding to the first lower die, and a second upper die corresponding to a plurality of the second lower dies, the first upper die is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the main stamping driving plate, and a plurality of the second upper dies are respectively connected to the independent driving members to approach or move away from the lower end surface of the main stamping driving plate.

[0012] Further, the pressing and forming surfaces of the forming lower die and the forming upper die in the initial shape correspond to the horizontal segments of the concave parts and the convex parts in the length direction of the stamping part.

[0013] Further, the two first lower dies located at the most side include movable blocks corresponding to the concave parts in the width direction of the stamping part, the movable blocks are lifted and arranged in vertical guide grooves, the movable blocks are elastically connected to the bottom end surfaces of the vertical guide grooves through the buffer, the bottom of the vertical guide groove is fixedly provided with a limiting block, and when the movable block is in contact with the limiting block, the forming surface of the first lower die is correspondingly attached to the forming surface of the corresponding first upper die.

[0014] Further, the upper end surface of the movable block is fixedly provided with a positioning pin, the positioning pin is inserted and matched with a pre-formed positioning hole of the stamping part, and the bottom surface of the corresponding first upper die is provided with a pin hole matched with the positioning pin.

[0015] Further, the long-side shearing die and the wide-side shearing die are both composed of an upper shearing die and a lower supporting die, and in the initial state, the long-side shearing die and the wide-side shearing die respectively clamp the long side and the wide side of the stamping part blank, so that the bottom surface of the blank embryo is attached to the upper end surface of the forming lower die in the initial shape.

[0016] Further, the long edge pressing element and the wide edge pressing element are both transverse sliders, and the transverse sliders are provided with a pressing edge profile parallel to the edge of the stamping part near the edge of the stamping part.

[0017] Further, the method comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1. In the initial state, the long edge pressing element and the wide edge pressing element are transversely gathered, and the initial forming lower die surrounds the limiting space to position the plate blank of the stamping part based on the limiting space and the positioning pin.

[0019] S2. The edge of the plate blank is clamped and fixed by the long edge shearing die and the wide edge shearing die.

[0020] S3. The initial forming upper die is stamped against the initial forming lower die to complete the concave-convex structure in the width direction of the horizontal section of the concave part and the convex part in the length direction of the stamping part.

[0021] S4. The long edge shearing die is downwardly punched to cut off the scrap edge of the long edge of the stamping part.

[0022] S5. The initial forming upper die is lifted away from the forming lower die, the movable block is reset to lift the long edge of the stamping part away from the upper end forming surface of the forming lower die, the two long edge pressing elements are transversely extended into the corresponding long edge of the stamping part, and then the initial forming upper die is downwardly pressed on the long edge of the stamping part.

[0023] S6. The long edge pressing element is reset, the initial forming upper die is pressed against the stamping part on the forming lower die, then the second upper die downwardly punches to bend the inclined transition surface between the horizontal section concave-convex structures, until the forming upper die is switched to the convex die form, the forming lower die is switched to the concave die form, and after complete pressing, the inclined transition surface is formed into the concave-convex structure continuous with the horizontal section in the width direction.

[0024] S7. The wide edge shearing die is downwardly punched to cut off the scrap edge of the wide edge of the stamping part.

[0025] S8. The convex die form of the forming upper die is lifted away from the forming lower die, the second lower die is reset to lift the wide edge of the stamping part away from the upper end forming surface of the forming lower die, the two wide edge pressing elements are transversely extended into the corresponding wide edge of the stamping part, then the convex die form of the forming upper die is downwardly pressed on the wide edge of the stamping part on the corresponding wide edge pressing element to complete the forming of the stamping part.

[0026] Beneficial effects: the forming device and forming method of the special-shaped sheet metal stamping part of the application, by successively forming the concave-convex structure in the width direction and the length direction, simplify the forming difficulty of the complex concave-convex structure of the sheet metal part, and ensure the forming quality; after the structure in the width direction is formed, the edge cutting and burr pressing of the long edge are carried out, which simplifies the difficulty of the final burr pressing and improves the burr pressing quality; when the structure in the width direction is formed, only the structure of the flat section of the concave-convex part in the length direction is formed, and the transition section is formed in one step in the length direction, which simplifies the difficulty of the reverse forming in the length direction and ensures the forming quality of the transition section; both the width direction and the length direction are formed from both sides to the middle part step by step, the material stretching of each forming area is strictly controlled, the thickness of the stamping part after the final forming is uniform, and the structure quality and precision are ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the cooperation between the first lower die and the first upper die of an embodiment of the application;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a forming die cooperation structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the application in the length direction of the stamping part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The application will be further described below in combination with the drawings.

[0030] As shown in the drawings Figures 1-2 The forming device and forming method of the special-shaped sheet metal stamping part of the application, comprising a forming lower die 1 and a forming upper die 2, which constitute a forming die for relative stamping cooperation to form a stamping part 10, and the width direction and the length direction of the stamping part 10 both contain a plurality of concave parts and a plurality of convex parts. The forming lower die 1 and the forming upper die 2 are both composed of a plurality of die units in the respective length directions, and the plurality of die units are relatively vertically slidable for switching the forms of the forming lower die 1 and the forming upper die 2.

[0031] The forming lower die 1 comprises an initial form and a concave die form, and the forming upper die 2 comprises an initial form and a convex die form. The forming lower die 1 and the forming upper die 2 in the initial form cooperate to form the concave-convex structure of the stamping part 10 in the width direction, and the forming lower die 1 in the concave die form cooperates with the forming upper die 2 in the convex die form to form the concave-convex structure of the stamping part 10 in the length direction.

[0032] The concave-convex structures of the stamping part in the length direction and the width direction are formed by the two forms of the forming upper die and the forming lower die, which simplifies the complexity of the forming structure required by a single stamping action, improves the precision of each stamping forming, and further improves the final forming precision.

[0033] In the length direction of the forming lower die 1, the plurality of die units include a first lower die 7 corresponding to the highest protrusion in the length direction of the stamping part 10, and a plurality of second lower dies 8 corresponding to a plurality of recesses in the length direction of the stamping part 10. The first lower die 7 is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the second lower die 8 is elastically lifted relative to the base plate through a buffer. When the recess of the stamping part 10 is a multi-stage stepped structure, a plurality of second lower dies 8 are arranged between adjacent first lower dies 7, and are respectively connected to the base plate through elastic buffers. The base plate is provided with a plurality of support limiting rods 81 corresponding to the second lower dies 8, and the support limiting rods 81 are lifted and adjusted to adjust the lower limit position of the second lower dies 8.

[0034] In the length direction of the forming upper die 2, the plurality of die units include a first upper die 91 corresponding to the first lower die 7, and a plurality of second upper dies 92 corresponding to the plurality of second lower dies 8. The first upper die 91 is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the main stamping driving plate, and the plurality of second upper dies 92 are respectively connected to independent driving members to approach or move away from the lower end surface of the main stamping driving plate. The compression forming surfaces of the forming lower die 1 and the forming upper die 2 in the initial state are corresponding to the horizontal sections of the recesses and protrusions in the length direction of the stamping part 10.

[0035] In some embodiments, when the stamping part is horizontally placed, the bottom surface of the recess and the top surface of the protrusion are both flat surfaces, and the flat surfaces of different heights are connected by smooth inclined surfaces or curved surfaces. In the length direction, if the recess is only a single-level recess, the corresponding second lower die 8 in the length direction only includes a flat portion forming surface, and the forming surface of the transition is located on the side of the first lower die 7 close to the second lower die 8. If the recess is a multi-stage stepped recess, each stage is a flat surface, and adjacent stages are also connected by smooth inclined surfaces or curved surfaces, then the second lower die 8 corresponding to the lowest flat surface of the recess in the length direction only includes a flat portion forming surface, and the forming surface of the transition is located on the side of the first lower die 7 close to the lowest position second lower die 8.

[0036] In the initial state, when all the second lower dies 8 are in contact with the corresponding support limiting rods 81, the flat portion forming surfaces of all the second lower dies 8 are flush with the flat portion forming surfaces of the first lower dies to form a complete surface for forming the protrusion and recess structure in the width direction of the stamping part. That is, when the stamping part is stamped by the forming die in the initial state, only the flat portions of different heights in the length direction of the stamping part are stamped and formed, and the width direction protrusion and recess structure of the transition is completed when the stamping part is formed in the length direction.

[0037] When the length direction stamping forming is performed, the position of the supporting limiting rod is adjusted downward, and when all the second lower molds 8 are in contact with the corresponding supporting limiting rods 81, the forming lower mold 1 is completely switched to the final concave die form, so that the forming surfaces of the plurality of mold units of the forming lower mold are smoothly connected. Due to the position setting of the forming surface of the transition surface, when the surface of the transition surface is formed, the formed part of the straight section at both ends of the transition surface is clamped and fixed, then the low side plane section is driven to move downward, and then the crease position at both ends of the transition surface is formed, and then the low end crease position is gradually formed to the high end crease position. Compared with one-step stamping to directly form the concave-convex structure in the length and width directions, and first forming the length direction continuous width direction concave-convex structure in the length direction, the forming precision of the transition surface is higher, and the quality is better.

[0038] The two first lower molds 7 located at the most side include movable blocks 11 corresponding to the width direction concave part of the stamping part 10. The movable blocks 11 are vertically arranged in the vertical guide groove, and the movable blocks 11 are elastically connected to the bottom end surface of the vertical guide groove through the buffer. The bottom of the vertical guide groove is fixedly provided with a limiting block 12. When the movable blocks 11 are in contact with the limiting block 12, the forming surface of the first lower mold 7 is correspondingly attached to the forming surface of the corresponding first upper mold 91. All the first upper molds 91 and the second upper molds 92 are complete block molds. Based on the above structure, when the width direction concave-convex surface forming is performed, the two first upper molds 91 corresponding to the most side first lower mold 7 are first used to press the plate material close to the position of the two ends of the plate material on the corresponding movable blocks, so as to constrain the stretching area of the surface material of the plate material, ensure the uniform stretching of the material, and further ensure the structural strength after forming. After complete pressing, the movable blocks are in contact with the limiting blocks, and after the upper mold is removed, the movable blocks can also play a role in demolding, and the plate material is ejected from the lower concave mold.

[0039] Generally, the first lower mold 7 is used as the most side mold unit of the forming lower mold. If the most side first lower mold 7 needs to be additionally provided with other second lower molds due to the forming structure, the second lower mold 8 located outside the most side first lower mold 7 is fixedly connected to the base plate in the final concave die form position, so that after the edge cutting is completed, the edge of the stamping part can be separated from the edge of the forming lower mold by lifting the inner second lower mold 8, so as to perform the burr pressing treatment.

[0040] The upper end surface of the movable block 11 is fixedly provided with a positioning pin 13, which is inserted into a pre-formed positioning hole of the stamping part 10. The bottom surface of the first upper die 91 is provided with a pin hole 21 matched with the positioning pin 13. The positioning hole can be a machining mounting hole, which is used to pass through a mounting reinforcing screw to fix and install the finally formed stamping part relative to other structures. The positioning hole is pre-processed and used as a positioning hole, which can position and install the sheet metal. When stamping, the relative positions of the two end holes are ensured to remain unchanged after the stamping is completed through the positioning pin and double clamping. The length and width directions are formed with the hole as a reference, thereby ensuring the final forming precision, ensuring that the installation surface is completely matched and the installation hole is aligned, and ensuring that the expected installation effect is achieved.

[0041] On the width direction of the forming die, long side shearing dies 3 are arranged on both sides. The outer sides of the long side shearing dies 3 are provided with long side edge pressing pins 4. On the length direction of the forming die, wide side shearing dies 5 are arranged on both sides. The outer sides of the wide side shearing dies 5 are provided with wide side edge pressing pins 6. The waste edges of the stamping part 10 in the width direction and the length direction are respectively sheared and removed, which reduces the shearing stress, ensures the shearing precision of the edge, improves the forming quality of the profile edge of the stamping part, and makes the profile edge smoother through the edge pressing treatment of the edge pressing pins.

[0042] The long side shearing die 3 and the wide side shearing die 5 are composed of an upper shearing die and a lower supporting die. In the initial state, the long side shearing die 3 and the wide side shearing die 5 respectively clamp the long side and the wide side of the sheet metal blank of the stamping part 10, so that the bottom surface of the sheet metal blank is matched with the upper end surface of the forming lower die 1 in the initial form. The shearing die has the function of a fixed clamp, which ensures that the middle forming area of the sheet metal is uniformly stretched through the clamping of the edge waste part of the sheet metal, thereby ensuring the thickness uniformity of the finally formed structure and ensuring the forming quality. The edge cutting is performed in a lower punching manner, and the outer side of the lower supporting die is provided with a guide sliding inclined surface. The waste edge can be directly discharged for easy collection and processing. The lower punching makes the burrs of the four peripheral edges located on the bottom side of the edge, so that the edge pressing pins only need to be inserted into the bottom side of the edge to complete the edge pressing by using the upper pressing die of the forming upper die. The edge pressing process does not cause pressure damage to the formed surface, which ensures the forming precision of the surface and realizes the burr-free treatment of the edge.

[0043] Preferably, the long side edge pressing pin 4 and the wide side edge pressing pin 6 are transverse sliding blocks, and the transverse sliding blocks are provided with an edge pressing surface parallel to the edge of the stamping part 10 near the edge of the stamping part 10.

[0044] The forming method of the forming device for the smooth undulating edge stamping part specifically comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1, in the initial state, the long edge presser 4 and the wide edge presser 6 are transversely moved to gather around the initial forming lower die 1 to form a limiting space, and the limiting space and the positioning pin are used as the positioning basis to position and load the plate blank of the stamping part 10;

[0046] S2, the long edge shearing die 3 and the wide edge shearing die 5 are used to clamp and fix the edge of the plate blank;

[0047] S3, the initial forming upper die 2 is stamped against the initial forming lower die 1 to complete the concave-convex undulating structure in the width direction of the horizontal section of the concave part and the convex part in the length direction of the stamping part 10;

[0048] S4, the long edge shearing die 3 is downwardly punched to cut off the scrap edge of the long edge of the stamping part 10;

[0049] S5, the initial forming upper die 2 is lifted away from the forming lower die 1, the movable block 11 is reset to lift the long edge of the stamping part 10 away from the upper end forming surface of the forming lower die 1, the long edge presser 4 on both sides is transversely moved to extend into the corresponding long edge of the stamping part 10, and then the initial forming upper die 2 is downwardly pressed on the corresponding long edge to press the edge on the edge pressing surface of the long edge presser 4. The buffer on the movable block side plays a buffering role when the burr is pressed, avoiding over-pressing. Since the concave-convex structure in the width direction is completed, the edge in the length direction is still a straight edge, and the burr pressing of the long edge is performed at this time, which can simplify the edge pressing surface of the long edge presser 4.

[0050] S6, the long edge presser 4 is reset, the initial forming upper die 2 is pressed against the stamping part 10 on the forming lower die 1, and then the second upper die 92 is downwardly punched to bend and form the inclined transition surface between the horizontal section concave-convex undulating structures, until the initial forming upper die 2 is switched to the convex die form, the forming lower die is switched to the concave die form, and after complete pressing, the inclined transition surface is formed in the width direction to form the continuous concave-convex undulating structure with the horizontal section;

[0051] S7, the wide edge shearing die 5 is downwardly punched to cut off the scrap edge of the wide edge of the stamping part 10;

[0052] S8. The upper forming die 2 is raised away from the lower forming die 1 in a punch form. The second lower die 8 is reset, lifting the wide edge of the stamped part 10 away from the upper forming surface of the lower forming die 1. The two side pressing inserts 6 are laterally moved into the lower part of the stamped part 10 below the corresponding wide edge. Then, the upper forming die 2 presses the wide edge down on the pressing surface of the corresponding pressing insert 6 in a punch form, completing the forming of the stamped part 10. The multi-bend structure of the wide edge is less than that of the long edge multi-bend structure, the structure is relatively simpler, and the overall length is shorter. The pressing surface of the pressing insert 6 is set according to the contour of the formed wide edge, which has little impact on the burr pressing accuracy.

[0053] Finally, all molds are reset, and the formed stamped part is ejected by the second lower mold 8, completing the unloading.

[0054] Example: When applied to the processing and forming of a reinforcing component, as shown in the attached... Figure 1 As shown, it has two parallel reinforcing ribs formed in the width direction and extending along the length direction, and the reinforcing ribs are symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the width direction of the reinforcing member; as shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 As shown, multiple recesses are formed from both ends towards the middle along its length, and these recesses are symmetrical about its length axis. Mounting holes for fixing are provided at the width-direction recesses of the highest straight sections at both ends. The lower forming die is configured as a concave die in both the width and length directions, with the original plane of the sheet metal as the highest plane after forming. Multiple recesses are stamped out. The lower dies corresponding to the recesses are all configured as elastically connected buffers, and the transition surface is formed by clamping from both above and below. Furthermore, the multi-bend structure in both the width and length directions is formed in stages, such as... Figure 1 In the mid-width direction of the structural forming, as the first upper die is pressed down until fully closed, a larger concave portion is first formed relative to the sheet metal material surface. When the fixed punch between the two movable blocks contacts the center of this larger concave portion, a convex portion between the two smaller concave portions is formed, ultimately forming two reinforcing ridges, i.e., forming gradually from both sides towards the center; for example... Figure 2 In the mid-length direction of structural forming, the second upper die 92 closest to the side is driven downward first, and the two symmetrical second upper dies 92 move synchronously. In this way, the movement proceeds layer by layer from the outside to the inside until the second upper die 92 in the middle is pressed down to its limit position. Similarly, the forming proceeds from both sides to the center, from the larger concave part to the smaller concave part. This ensures the forming accuracy and quality of the inclined transition surfaces in multiple length directions.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the above principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forming device for irregularly shaped sheet metal stamping parts, characterized in that: It includes a lower forming die (1) and an upper forming die (2), which together constitute a forming mold for relative stamping and forming of a stamped part (10). The stamped part (10) includes a number of recesses and a number of protrusions in both the width and length directions. In the width direction of the forming mold, long side shearing molds (3) are attached to both sides, and long side inserts (4) are provided on the outer side of both sides of the long side shearing molds (3). In the length direction of the forming mold, wide-edge shearing molds (5) are attached to both sides, and wide-edge inserts (6) are provided on the outer sides of both sides of the wide-edge shearing molds (5). The lower forming mold (1) and the upper forming mold (2) are each composed of several mold units in their respective length directions, and the multiple mold units of each mold unit slide relative to each other vertically to switch the form of the lower forming mold (1) and the upper forming mold (2). The lower forming die (1) includes an initial form and a die cavity form, and the upper forming die (2) includes an initial form and a punch form. The lower forming die (1) and the upper forming die (2) in the initial form cooperate to form the undulating structure of the stamping part (10) in the width direction. The lower forming die (1) in the die cavity form and the upper forming die (2) in the punch form cooperate to form the undulating structure of the stamping part (10) in the length direction. In the length direction of the forming lower die (1), the plurality of die units include a first lower die (7) corresponding to the highest protrusion in the length direction of the stamping part (10), and a plurality of second lower dies (8) corresponding to several recesses in the length direction of the stamping part (10). The first lower die (7) is fixedly connected to the substrate, and the second lower die (8) is elastically raised and lowered relative to the substrate through a buffer member. The substrate is provided with a plurality of support limiting rods (81) corresponding to the second lower mold (8). The support limiting rods (81) are adjustable in height to adjust the lower limit position of the corresponding second lower mold (8). In the length direction of the forming upper die (2), the plurality of die units include a first upper die (91) corresponding to the first lower die (7) and a second upper die (92) corresponding to the plurality of second lower dies (8). The first upper die (91) is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the main stamping drive plate, and the plurality of second upper dies (92) are respectively connected to independent drive components and are close to or far away from the lower end face of the main stamping drive plate. The pressing surfaces of the lower forming die (1) and the upper forming die (2) in the initial state correspond to the horizontal segments of the concave and convex parts in the length direction of the stamped part (10); After the structure is formed in the width direction, the long edge is trimmed and the rough edge is pressed. When forming in the width direction, only the straight section of the concave and convex part in the length direction is formed. The transition surface is formed when forming in the length direction. Both the width and length directions are formed step by step from both sides to the middle.

2. The forming apparatus for irregularly shaped sheet metal stamping parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two first lower dies (7) located on the outermost side include movable blocks (11) corresponding to the recesses in the width direction of the stamping part (10). The movable blocks (11) are raised and lowered in the vertical guide groove. The movable blocks (11) are elastically connected to the bottom end face of the vertical guide groove through a buffer. A limit block (12) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the vertical guide groove. When the movable blocks (11) are in contact with the limit block (12), the forming surface of the first lower die (7) is in contact with the forming surface of the corresponding first upper die (91).

3. The forming apparatus for irregularly shaped sheet metal stamping parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the movable block (11) is fixedly provided with a positioning pin (13), which is inserted into the positioning hole preformed on the stamping part (10). The bottom surface of the corresponding first upper die (91) is provided with a pin hole (21) that is compatible with the positioning pin (13).

4. The forming apparatus for irregularly shaped sheet metal stamping parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both the long side shearing die (3) and the wide side shearing die (5) are composed of an upper punch shearing die and a lower support die. In the initial state, the long side shearing die (3) and the wide side shearing die (5) respectively clamp the long side and the wide side of the stamping part (10) sheet blank, so that the bottom surface of the sheet blank is in contact with the upper end surface of the forming lower die (1) in the initial state.

5. The forming apparatus for irregularly shaped sheet metal stamping parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the long edge insert (4) and the wide edge insert (6) are transverse sliding blocks. The edge of the transverse sliding block near the stamping part (10) is provided with a pressing edge surface parallel to the edge of the stamping part (10).

6. A forming method for a forming apparatus for irregularly shaped sheet metal stamping parts according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. In the initial state, the long side insert (4) and the wide side insert (6) move laterally and converge, forming a limiting space around the initial forming lower die (1). The limiting space and the positioning pin are used as the positioning basis to position and load the blank of the stamping part (10). S2. The edges of the sheet metal blank are clamped and fixed by the long side shearing die (3) and the wide side shearing die (5); S3. The initial form upper die (2) stamps relative to the initial form lower die (1) to complete the concave and convex horizontal sections of the stamped part (10) in the length direction and the concave and convex structure in the width direction. S4, the long side shearing die (3) punches downwards to cut off the waste edge of the long side edge of the stamped part (10); S5. The upper forming die (2) is raised away from the lower forming die (1) in its initial state. The movable block (11) is reset to lift the long edge of the stamping part (10) away from the upper forming surface of the lower forming die (1). The long edge pressing inserts (4) on both sides are moved laterally and extended into the lower edge of the corresponding long edge of the stamping part (10). Then the upper forming die (2) presses the long edge down on the pressing surface of the corresponding long edge pressing insert (4) in its initial state. S6. Reset the long side insert (4), press the stamping part (10) on the forming lower die (1) with the initial forming upper die (2), and then the second upper die (92) punches down and bends to form an inclined transition surface between multiple horizontal segments of concave and convex structures until the forming upper die (2) switches to a punch form and the forming lower die switches to a die form. After complete pressing, the inclined transition surface forms a concave and convex structure that is continuous with the horizontal segments in the width direction. S7, the wide-edge shearing die (5) punches downwards to remove the waste edge of the wide edge of the stamped part (10); S8. The upper forming die (2) is raised away from the lower forming die (1) in the form of a punch. The second lower die (8) is reset to lift the wide edge of the stamped part (10) away from the upper forming surface of the lower forming die (1). The two side pressing inserts (6) are moved laterally and extended into the lower edge of the corresponding wide edge of the stamped part (10). Then the upper forming die (2) presses the wide edge down on the pressing surface of the corresponding pressing insert (6) in the form of a punch to complete the forming of the stamped part (10).

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