Milling tool with adjustable structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a milling cutter with an adjustable structure, and belongs to the technical field of milling, the milling cutter comprises a blade and a cutter body, one end of the cutter body is provided with a cutter groove used for installing the blade, the cutter groove comprises a bottom supporting surface, the bottom supporting surface is provided with an adjusting base, an adjusting unit is installed in the adjusting base, and the adjusting unit is provided with an adjusting groove. A groove assembled with the adjusting unit is formed in the face, facing the bottom supporting face, of the blade. The assembly clearance between the blade and the groove is adjusted through the adjusting unit, the displacement trend of the blade can be effectively reduced, the tool precision is maintained, the cutting vibration is reduced, and the stability of the tool in the cutting machining process is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of milling processing, in particular to a milling cutter with an adjustable structure. Background Art

[0002] In profiling, ball-end tools are widely used. In addition to solid carbide tools, indexable ball-end tools are commonly used in the stamping cavities of automobile doors and hoods, injection cavities of bumpers, and other medium and large cover molds and turbine blade processing. The processing conditions of large and complex surfaces are generally harsh, especially in the case of large tool overhang and deep processing or high cutting parameters. The cutting load on the blade is large, usually accompanied by abnormal noise or cutting vibration, which will continuously impact the stability of the tool positioning system, causing the blade to deviate or the screw to deform. The trend will become more obvious, which is not allowed in metal cutting processing. In addition to affecting the tool accuracy, the more serious thing is the chipping of the blade or the breakage of the screw. Therefore, it is particularly important to firmly install the blade.

[0003] The patent with announcement number CN111050965B discloses a cutting insert and an indexable insert type ball nose end mill, wherein a groove is formed on a seating surface, the groove having a wall surface that can abut against a convex portion protruding from the bottom surface of the insert mounting seat, and the groove has a narrow width portion whose groove width narrows from one end side toward the other end side in the direction extending from the groove. This structure can effectively prevent the cutting insert from offset movement during cutting processing without damaging the strength of the cutting insert.

[0004] In the above scheme, the groove on the blade seat surface cooperates with the convex part on the milling cutter mounting seat to prevent the position deviation of the blade during cutting, and at the same time, the strength of the blade affected by the width of the groove can be ensured. Since there are dimensional errors in the production of the tool, in order to ensure the feasibility of tool assembly, a gap must be left in the dimensional matching of the groove and the convex part so that the assembly can be completed smoothly. Due to the influence of the assembly gap, the tendency of the blade to move relative to the mounting seat will always exist, that is, the above scheme is insufficient in limiting the displacement movement of the blade. Therefore, the above problem can be largely solved by reducing the assembly gap between the groove and the convex part. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a milling tool with an adjustable structure to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. Through the implementation of the adjustment unit, the assembly gap between the adjustment unit and the groove on the lower bottom surface of the blade is adjusted to the minimum or even contact, which can effectively prevent the blade from shifting and effectively stabilize the tool system.

[0006] The present invention provides a milling tool with an adjustable structure, comprising a blade and a tool body, wherein one end of the tool body is provided with a tool groove for installing the blade, the tool groove comprises a bottom supporting surface, the bottom supporting surface is provided with an adjustment base, an adjustment unit is installed in the adjustment base, and a groove for assembling with the adjustment unit is provided on a side of the blade facing the bottom supporting surface.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the adjusting unit includes a boss, a spring and an adjusting bolt, the adjusting bolt includes a bolt tail, a bolt middle and a bolt head, the bolt tail and the bolt head surfaces are both provided with threads, the bolt tail is screwed to the boss, the bolt middle is sleeved with a spring, the bolt head is screwed to the adjusting base, and the boss is assembled in the groove.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: the thread directions of the bolt tail and the bolt head are opposite.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the thread directions of the bolt tail and the bolt head are the same, and the thread pitch of the bolt head is not equal to the thread pitch of the bolt tail.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the thread directions of the bolt tail and the bolt head are the same, and the thread pitch of the bolt head is greater than the thread pitch of the bolt tail.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the thread directions of the bolt tail and the bolt head are both right-handed.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the nominal diameter of the thread of the bolt head is greater than the nominal diameter of the thread of the bolt tail.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the boss includes a top moving surface and a bottom moving surface, there are more than two groups of side sliding surfaces between the top moving surface and the bottom moving surface, the side sliding surfaces are connected to the top moving surface through the side moving surfaces, the adjacent two side sliding surfaces and the adjacent two side moving surfaces are connected through angular moving surfaces, the bottom moving surface is provided with a spring accommodating cavity, the top moving surface is provided with a bolt tail hole, and the bolt tail hole is connected to the spring accommodating cavity.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the adjusting base includes a boss accommodating cavity, the boss accommodating cavity includes a spring seating surface, a sliding surface and an avoidance surface, the spring seating surface is provided with a penetrating bolt head hole, the bolt head hole is coaxial with the bolt tail hole, there are more than two groups of sliding surfaces between the spring seating surface and the bottom supporting surface, and two adjacent sliding surfaces are connected by an avoidance surface.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the number of the sliding surfaces is the same as that of the side sliding surfaces, and the side sliding surfaces are in contact with the sliding surfaces.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: a process surface is provided on the back of the spring seating surface, the process surface is parallel to the spring seating surface, and the bolt head hole passes through the spring seating surface and the process surface.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: the blade includes an upper surface, a lower bottom surface, a side peripheral surface and a center hole, the lower bottom surface is provided with a groove, the side peripheral surface is provided with a side positioning surface and an end positioning surface, and the center hole runs through the upper surface and the lower bottom surface.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the knife groove also includes a side supporting surface corresponding to the side positioning surface, an end supporting surface corresponding to the end positioning surface, and the bottom supporting surface is also provided with a screw hole corresponding to the center hole.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: the blade is mounted on the blade groove by means of a screw, and the screw passes through the center hole and is screwed into the screw hole.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: the lower bottom surface is provided with at most two grooves.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention: the groove includes a side mating surface, a corner surface and a top mating surface, the side mating surface is adjacent to the lower bottom surface and the top mating surface, there are at least two side mating surfaces between the top mating surface and the lower bottom surface, the side mating surface is a plane, and the adjacent side mating surfaces are connected by the corner surface.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention: the groove is a tapered groove, which decreases from the lower bottom surface to the top matching surface.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention: the top mating surface is parallel and far away from the lower bottom surface and close to the upper surface, the side mating surfaces are inclined towards each other, and the dihedral angle between the side mating surface and the lower bottom surface is an obtuse angle.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. In order to prevent the blade from shifting, the usual practice is to set a groove on the bottom surface of the blade, and the groove will cooperate with the boss on the bottom support surface of the knife groove. In the prior art, the boss is generally a fixed structure, and there will be an assembly gap between the boss and the groove. If the assembly gap is too large, the possibility of blade shifting is greater. If the assembly gap is too small, there may be poor installation or interference between the boss and the groove, resulting in the blade not being installed in place, which not only fails to achieve the purpose of preventing blade shifting, but also affects the normal use of the blade. The present invention adopts the groove assembly of the adjustment unit and the blade. When the blade is installed, the assembly gap between the adjustment unit and the groove can be adjusted to the maximum, reducing the interference effect and improving the reliability of the initial installation of the blade. After the blade is installed, the assembly gap is adjusted to the minimum by the adjustment unit, eliminating the potential displacement space and minimizing the possibility of blade shifting. During the machine tool debugging process, the blade will eventually be correctly installed in the knife groove according to the design requirements, and the optimal assembly gap between the adjustment unit and the groove will be determined together.

[0026] 2. In the prior art, although the optimal assembly clearance is determined, the blade may experience size fluctuations and deformation to varying degrees during mass production, and the installation and assembly clearances of different blades may be different, which may cause part of the blade body to be unusable or even scrapped. The present invention adopts an adjustment unit, and the assembly clearance will not be affected by blade deformation and size fluctuations. Corresponding adjustments can be made for each blade to minimize the assembly clearance, which effectively improves the versatility of the blade groove assembly.

[0027] 3. It should be made clear that first of all, it is necessary to ensure that the blade is correctly installed in the knife groove. This is the premise and the basis for the use of the tool. Only then can the role that the boss and the groove can play after cooperation be considered. During the assembly process of the blade, when the screw is locked, a gap is most likely to appear between the bottom support surface of the knife groove and the lower bottom surface of the blade. The existence of such a gap will lead to insufficient support for the blade, which is easy to cause cutting vibration and damage the blade. It is necessary to avoid the generation of gaps as much as possible. In the prior art, due to the presence of the boss and the blade groove, the factors that cause the gap are increased, resulting in an extension of the troubleshooting time. The present invention adopts an adjustment unit, which can adjust the assembly gap to the maximum, ignoring the influence of the boss in the adjustment unit on the installation, and adopts the method of locking and confirming the blade first and then intervening the adjustment unit, thereby reducing the troubleshooting time and the workload.

[0028] 4. Long-term use of the tool will inevitably cause wear. As the wear increases, the matching accuracy between the boss of the adjustment unit and the groove of the blade will also be affected, and the ability of the boss to prevent the blade from deflecting will decrease, and a new blade body usually needs to be replaced. The present invention adopts an adjustment unit, and the boss parts in the adjustment unit can be replaced at any time, and the installation and removal are relatively convenient and quick, eliminating the cost increase caused by replacing the blade body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solution in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the specific implementation or the prior art description. In all the drawings, similar or repeated elements are not repeatedly marked in the drawings. The elements or parts in the drawings are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the blade in the embodiment of the present invention (I);

[0032] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the blade in the embodiment of the present invention (II);

[0033] Figure 4 is a bottom view of a blade in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 EE cross-sectional view in;

[0035] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the blade groove of the blade body in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 A bottom view of a knife groove of a knife body in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 is a front view of an adjustment unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an adjustment unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.10 is a schematic structural diagram of a boss in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.11 is a bottom view of the boss in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.12 is a front view of an adjusting bolt in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the contact between the side moving surface of the boss and the side matching surface of the blade of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the contact area between the side sliding surface of the boss and the sliding surface of the adjustment base of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.15This is a diagram of the early stage of tool adjustment of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.16 This is a diagram of the later stage of tool adjustment in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] In the figure:

[0047] 1-blade; 11-upper surface; 12-lower bottom surface; 13-side peripheral surface; 14-center hole; 15-groove; 16-side positioning surface; 17-end positioning surface; 18-side mating surface; 19-corner surface; 20-top mating surface; α-dihedral angle between the side mating surface and the lower bottom surface;

[0048] 2- knife body; 21- knife groove; 22- side support surface; 23- end support surface; 24- bottom support surface; 25- screw hole; 26- adjustment base; 261- sliding surface; 262- avoidance surface; 263- spring seating surface; 264- bolt head hole; 265- process surface;

[0049] 3- screws;

[0050] 4-adjusting unit; 41-boss; 411-top moving surface; 412-bottom moving surface; 413-side moving surface; 414-side sliding surface; 415-angular moving surface; 416-spring supporting surface; 417-bolt tail hole; 418-spare part; 419-contact area; 42-spring; 43-adjusting bolt; 431-bolt tail; 432-bolt head;

[0051] D1-nominal diameter of the thread of the bolt head; D2-nominal diameter of the thread of the bolt tail; H-vertical distance between the side moving surface and the side mating surface; K-safety distance between the top moving surface and the top mating surface; P1-thread pitch of the bolt head; P2-thread pitch of the bolt tail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0053] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] The words "first", "second" and similar words used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different parts. The words "include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements before the word include the elements listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of including other elements. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0055] In the present disclosure, when a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, there may or may not be an intermediate device between the specific device and the first device or the second device. When a specific device is described as being connected to other devices, the specific device may be directly connected to the other device without an intermediate device, or may not be directly connected to the other device but have an intermediate device.

[0056] All terms (including technical terms or scientific terms) used in the present disclosure have the same meanings as those understood by ordinary technicians in the field to which the present disclosure belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries, such as general dictionaries, should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or extremely formal sense, unless explicitly defined herein.

[0057] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered as part of the specification.

[0058] The milling tool includes a cutter body and a blade. The blade is a cemented carbide product, which is made into a blank through powder metallurgy technology, and then the finished product is obtained through deep processing, coating and other processes. The cutter body is a steel product, which is a semi-finished product formed by cutting the blank bar, and then heat treated to increase the hardness of the cutter body, and finally rust-proofed to form a finished product. The blade is installed on the cutter body. During the processing, the blade is subjected to a large cutting load, which is usually accompanied by abnormal noise or cutting vibration, which will continuously impact the stability of the tool positioning system, causing the blade to deviate or the screw to deform more and more obviously. In order to achieve the purpose of preventing the blade from deviating, it is usually practiced to set a groove on the bottom surface of the blade, and the groove will cooperate with the boss on the bottom support surface of the cutter groove.

[0059] In the prior art, the boss is generally a fixed structure, and there is an assembly gap between the boss and the groove. If the assembly gap is too large, the possibility of blade displacement is greater. If the assembly gap is too small, the boss and the groove may be installed poorly or interfere with each other, resulting in the blade not being installed properly, which not only fails to prevent the blade from shifting, but also affects the normal use of the blade. Since the boss is a fixed structure, the machining accuracy of the blade groove is required to be high. Once the size of the blade groove processing fluctuates or the blade is deformed, the blade and the cutter body cannot be accurately assembled.

[0060] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 , Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a milling tool with an adjustable structure, including a blade 1 and a cutter body 2, one end of the cutter body 2 is provided with a cutter groove 21 for installing the blade 1, the cutter groove 21 includes a bottom support surface 24, the bottom support surface 24 is provided with an adjustment base 26, an adjustment unit 4 is installed in the adjustment base 26, and the blade 1 is provided with a groove 15 assembled with the adjustment unit 4 on the side facing the bottom support surface 24. The present invention adopts the adjustment unit 4 to assemble with the groove 15 of the blade 1. When the blade 1 is installed, the assembly gap between the adjustment unit 4 and the groove 15 can be adjusted to the maximum, reducing the interference effect and improving the reliability of the initial installation of the blade 1. After the blade 1 is installed, the assembly gap is adjusted to the minimum by the adjustment unit 4, eliminating the potential displacement space and minimizing the possibility of the blade 1 offset. During the machine tool debugging process, the blade 1 will eventually be correctly installed in the cutter groove 21 according to the design requirements, and the optimal assembly gap between the adjustment unit 4 and the groove 15 will be determined together. The present invention adopts the adjustment unit 4, and the assembly gap will not be affected by the production batch of the blade 1. Corresponding adjustments can be made for each blade 1 to reduce the assembly gap to a minimum, thereby effectively improving the versatility of the assembly of the blade groove 21.

[0061] In some embodiments, see Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, the blade 1 includes an upper surface 11, a lower bottom surface 12, a side peripheral surface 13 and a center hole 14, the lower bottom surface 12 is provided with a groove 15, the side peripheral surface 13 is provided with a side positioning surface 16 and an end positioning surface 17, and the center hole 14 passes through the upper surface 11 and the lower bottom surface 12. The lower bottom surface 12, the side positioning surface 16 and the end positioning surface 17 need to be ground to prevent positioning accuracy errors caused by deformation of the blade 1 and ensure stable positioning of the blade 1.

[0062] The lower bottom surface 12 is provided with at most two grooves 15. When the cutting load is relatively small or the blade size is relatively small, one groove 15 can be provided. For functional and economic considerations, it is generally not recommended to provide three or more grooves 15. For ease of explanation, the present scheme provides two grooves 15, and the two grooves 15 are respectively placed on both sides of the center hole 14. In order to reduce manufacturing costs and facilitate molding, the grooves 15 can be formed by direct sintering. The groove 15 includes a side mating surface 18, a corner surface 19 and a top mating surface 20. The side mating surface 18 is adjacent to the lower bottom surface 12 and the top mating surface 20. There are at least two side mating surfaces 18 between the top mating surface 20 and the lower bottom surface 12. Figure 2-Figure 4 The middle groove 15 has three side mating surfaces 18, and the side mating surfaces 18 are planes. The adjacent side mating surfaces 18 are connected by the corner surface 19. Specifically, the groove 15 is a tapered groove, which is reduced from the lower bottom surface 12 to the top mating surface 20. Furthermore, the top mating surface 20 is parallel to and away from the lower bottom surface 12 and close to the upper surface 11. The side mating surfaces 18 are inclined toward each other, and the dihedral angle α between the side mating surface and the lower bottom surface is an obtuse angle, such as Figure 5 .

[0063] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the knife groove 21 also includes a side support surface 22 corresponding to the side positioning surface 16, an end support surface 23 corresponding to the end positioning surface 17, and the bottom support surface 24 is also provided with a screw hole 25 corresponding to the center hole 14. The blade 1 is mounted on the knife groove 21 by means of a screw 3, and the screw 3 passes through the center hole 14 and is screwed to the screw hole 25. When installing the blade 1, the blade 1 is placed in the knife groove 21, the side positioning surface 16 is aligned with the side support surface 22, and the end positioning surface 17 is aligned with the end support surface 23. At this time, the center hole 14 can be aligned with the screw hole 25, and the adjustment unit 4 can be aligned with the groove 15. The screw 3 is screwed into the center hole 14 and the screw hole 25 for tightening, so that the blade 1 is mounted on the blade body 2. The side support surface 22 contacts the side positioning surface 16 to provide radial support force for the blade 1, the end support surface 23 contacts the end positioning surface 17 to provide axial support force for the blade 1, and the bottom support surface 24 contacts the lower bottom surface 12 to provide normal support force for the blade 1.

[0064] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 8-Figure 12As shown, the adjustment unit 4 is a fine-tuning structure, including a boss 41, a spring 42 and an adjusting bolt 43. The adjusting bolt 43 includes a bolt tail 431, a bolt middle and a bolt head 432. The surfaces of the bolt tail 431 and the bolt head 432 are both provided with threads. The threads on the surfaces of the bolt tail 431 and the bolt head 432 are single-line external thread structures. The bolt tail 431 is screwed to the boss 41, the bolt middle is fitted with a spring 42, the bolt head 432 is screwed to the adjusting base 26, and the boss 41 is assembled in the groove 15. The height of the boss 41 protruding from the adjustment base 26 can be adjusted by rotating the adjustment bolt 43. When the height of the boss 41 protruding from the adjustment base 26 is adjusted to the minimum, the assembly clearance between the boss 41 and the groove 15 is adjusted to the maximum, and it is convenient to install the blade 1 into the knife groove 21. After the blade 1 is correctly installed in the knife groove 21, the adjustment bolt 43 is rotated to adjust the assembly clearance between the boss 41 and the groove 15 to the minimum, eliminating potential displacement space and minimizing the possibility of displacement of the blade 1. The adjustment unit 4 has a simple structure and is easy to adjust.

[0065] Exemplarily, the threads of the bolt tail 431 and the bolt head 432 are rotated in opposite directions. Taking the conventional right-handed thread of the bolt head 432 as an example, when the adjusting bolt 43 rotates one circle clockwise, the distance that the bolt head 432 thread drives the boss 41 to move toward the top mating surface 20 is the thread pitch P1 of the bolt head. At the same time, the distance that the bolt tail 431 thread drives the boss 41 to move toward the top mating surface 20 is the thread pitch P2 of the bolt tail. The comprehensive moving distance P of the boss is P1+P2, and the comprehensive movement direction of the boss 41 is toward the top mating surface 20. In this solution, the assembly clearance decreases faster when the adjusting bolt 43 rotates clockwise, so it is suitable for quick adjustment of the assembly clearance between the boss 41 and the groove 15.

[0066] Exemplarily, the thread direction of the bolt tail 431 and the bolt head 432 is the same, and the thread pitch P1 of the bolt head is not equal to the thread pitch P2 of the bolt tail. Taking the conventional right-hand thread of the bolt head 432 as an example, when the adjusting bolt 43 rotates one circle clockwise, the distance that the bolt head 432 thread drives the boss 41 to move toward the top mating surface 20 is the thread pitch P1 of the bolt head. At the same time, the distance that the bolt tail 431 thread drives the boss 41 to move away from the top mating surface 20 is the thread pitch P2 of the bolt tail. If P1=P2, the directions are opposite, the comprehensive movement of the boss 41 is in a static state, and the adjusting bolt 43 will not change the installation gap when rotating clockwise, and has no gap adjustment function.

[0067] Exemplarily, the thread direction of the bolt tail 431 and the bolt head 432 is the same, and the thread pitch P1 of the bolt head is greater than the thread pitch P2 of the bolt tail. Taking the conventional right-hand thread of the bolt head 432 as an example, when the adjusting bolt 43 rotates clockwise for one circle, the distance that the bolt head 432 thread drives the boss 41 to move toward the top mating surface 20 is the thread pitch P1 of the bolt head, and at the same time, the distance that the bolt tail 431 thread drives the boss 41 to move away from the top mating surface 20 is the thread pitch P2 of the bolt tail. Since P1>P2, the movement direction is opposite, the comprehensive movement direction of the boss 41 is toward the top mating surface 20, and P=P1-P2. When the adjusting bolt 43 rotates clockwise, the installation gap is reduced, and it is suitable for fine-tuning the installation gap. The whole process is adjusted according to the principle of "advance P1, retreat P2, and advance P". In this exemplary solution, P1=0.5mm and P2=0.35mm can be selected. According to an optional solution, when the adjusting bolt 43 rotates one circle clockwise, the comprehensive moving distance P of the boss is 0.15 mm, that is, P=0.15 mm, and the moving direction is toward the top mating surface 20 .

[0068] Exemplarily, the thread directions of the bolt tail 431 and the bolt head 432 are both right-handed, which is more suitable for people's usage habits.

[0069] Exemplarily, the threaded direction of the bolt tail 431 and the bolt head 432 is the same, and the thread pitch P1 of the bolt head is smaller than the thread pitch P2 of the bolt tail. Taking the conventional right-hand thread of the bolt head 432 as an example, when the adjusting bolt 43 rotates one circle clockwise, the distance that the bolt head 432 thread drives the boss 41 to move toward the top mating surface 20 is the thread pitch P1 of the bolt head, and at the same time, the distance that the bolt tail 431 thread drives the boss 41 to move away from the top mating surface 20 is the thread pitch P2 of the bolt tail. Since P1<P2, the comprehensive movement direction of the boss 41 is away from the top mating surface 20, and P=P2-P1, resulting in an increase in the assembly clearance when the adjusting bolt 43 rotates clockwise. Therefore, in this exemplary embodiment, rotating the adjustment bolt 43 clockwise will increase the assembly clearance between the boss 41 and the groove 15, and rotating the adjustment bolt 43 counterclockwise will reduce the assembly clearance between the boss 41 and the groove 15. The assembly clearance between the boss 41 and the groove 15 can still be adjusted, but the adjustment direction is opposite to the direction we are used to. However, although adjusting the bolt 43 counterclockwise will reduce the assembly clearance between the boss 41 and the groove 15, it is possible that the bolt head 432 and the bolt head hole 264 are disconnected. Once disconnected, the boss 41 can move along the axial direction of the adjustment bolt 43, which will cause the boss assembly to be unstable. Therefore, the exemplary embodiment has a limited adjustment range for the assembly clearance between the boss 41 and the groove 15.

[0070] Exemplarily, the nominal thread diameter D1 of the bolt head is larger than the nominal thread diameter D2 of the bolt tail, which can improve the stability of the boss 41. In this exemplary solution, D1=4mm and D2=2.5mm can be selected.

[0071] In some embodiments, see Figure 9-11As shown, the boss 41 includes a top moving surface 411 and a bottom moving surface 412, and there are more than two groups of side sliding surfaces 414 between the top moving surface 411 and the bottom moving surface 412. One end of the side sliding surface 414 is connected to the top moving surface 411 through the side moving surface 413, and the other end is connected to the bottom moving surface 412. The adjacent side sliding surfaces 414 and the adjacent side moving surfaces 413 are connected through the angular moving surface 415. In this scheme, a boss 41 including three groups of side sliding surfaces 414 is selected, and thus the boss 41 also includes three groups of side moving surfaces 413, which corresponds to the number of the side mating surfaces 18, so that the boss 41 is assembled with the groove 15. The bottom moving surface 412 is provided with a spring accommodating cavity, the top moving surface 411 is provided with a bolt tail hole 417, the bolt tail hole 417 is communicated with the spring accommodating cavity, the spring accommodating cavity includes a spring supporting surface 416, the bolt tail hole 417 penetrates the top moving surface 411 and the spring supporting surface 416, and the bolt tail 431 is screwed to the bolt tail hole 417. When the boss 41 is assembled in the groove 15, the side moving surface 413 corresponds to the side matching surface 18, the angular moving surface 415 between the adjacent two side moving surfaces 413 corresponds to the corner surface 19, and the top moving surface 411 corresponds to the top matching surface 20. Rotating the adjusting bolt 43 can cause the boss 41 to move in the groove 15 along the axial direction of the adjusting bolt 43, thereby adjusting the assembly gap between the boss 41 and the groove 15.

[0072] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the adjustment base 26 includes a boss accommodating cavity, and the boss accommodating cavity includes a spring seating surface 263, a sliding surface 261 and an avoidance surface 262. The spring seating surface 263 is provided with a through bolt head hole 264, and the bolt head hole 264 is coaxial with the bolt tail hole 417. There are more than two groups of sliding surfaces 261 between the spring seating surface 263 and the bottom support surface 24, and two adjacent sliding surfaces 261 are connected by the avoidance surface 262. The number of the sliding surfaces 261 is the same as that of the side sliding surfaces 414, and both are selected as three groups to realize the assembly of the convex strip 41 and the boss accommodating cavity of the adjustment base 26. Further, the sliding surface 261 is adjacent to and perpendicular to the bottom support surface 24 and the spring seating surface 263.

[0073] The boss accommodating cavity can accommodate the boss 41, the side sliding surface 414 corresponds to the sliding surface 261, the angular moving surface 415 between the adjacent two sliding surfaces 414 corresponds to the avoidance surface 262, the bolt tail 431 is screwed into the bolt tail hole 417, the bolt head 432 is screwed into the bolt head hole 264, the spring 42 is sleeved on the middle of the bolt of the adjusting bolt 43, and is accommodated in the spring accommodating cavity, against the spring support surface 416 and the spring seating surface 263. Rotating the adjusting bolt 43 can move the boss 41 along the axial direction of the adjusting bolt 43, thereby adjusting the assembly clearance between the boss 41 and the groove 15.

[0074] Furthermore, a process surface 265 is provided on the back of the spring seating surface 263, and the process surface 265 is parallel to the spring seating surface 263. The spring seating surface 263 is away from the bottom support surface 24 and close to the process surface 265, and the bolt head hole 264 passes through the spring seating surface 263 and the process surface 265. Since the surface of the cutter body 2 is generally a curved surface, machining a plane as the process surface 265 can avoid partial incomplete threads of the bolt head hole 264, so that the bolt head hole 264 can be stably and accurately positioned during thread tapping, thereby improving the adjustment capability.

[0075] It should be noted that the angular moving surface 415 is completely not in contact with the avoidance surface 262 and the corner surface 19, so as to avoid collision during the movement of the boss 41 and affect the adjustment function. The top moving surface 411 is away from the bottom support surface 24 and close to the top matching surface 20, that is, the top moving surface 411 is obviously protruding from the bottom support surface 24. The side sliding surface 414 is always in contact with the sliding surface 261 and can slide relatively, that is, the boss 41 does not produce rotational displacement in the adjustment base 26.

[0076] See also Fig.13 As shown, the side moving surface 413 is not completely covered by the side mating surface 18, and a spare part 418 is reserved on the side moving surface 413. In the case that the groove 15 has dimensional fluctuations or sintering deformation, the spare part 418 can adjust the contact area between the side moving surface 413 and the side mating surface 18, thereby ensuring that the contact between the side moving surface 413 and the side mating surface 18 is closer and improving the versatility of the tool groove assembly.

[0077] See also Fig.14 As shown, the side sliding surface 414 always maintains a sufficiently large contact area 419 with the sliding surface 261 , which can provide a large supporting force for the boss 41 .

[0078] See also Fig.15 , Fig.16As shown, the vertical distance H between the side moving surface and the side mating surface can reflect the size of the assembly clearance between the boss 41 and the groove 15. When the bottom moving surface 412 is adjusted to be in full contact with the spring seating surface 263, the vertical distance H between the side moving surface and the side mating surface is the largest, that is, the assembly clearance is the largest. At this time, the boss 41 has the smallest or even negligible impact on the assembly of the blade 1. The blade 1 can be correctly locked in the knife groove 21 by the screw 3 under the premise of excluding other assembly impacts. When the vertical distance H between the side moving surface and the side mating surface is adjusted to be the smallest or even in contact, that is, the assembly clearance is the smallest, and at this time there is a safety distance K between the top moving surface and the top mating surface, K>0. If the safety distance K between the top moving surface and the top mating surface is zero, it cannot ensure that the assembly clearance between the boss 41 and the groove 15 is at the minimum, so the boss 41 cannot fully play the role of preventing the blade 1 from deflecting.

[0079] The adjusting bolt tail 431 is threadedly matched with the bolt tail hole 417. No matter how it is adjusted, the bolt tail 431 cannot be between the top moving surface 411 and the top matching surface 20. When the boss 41 moves, the bottom moving surface 412 is not completely in contact with the spring seating surface 263. The adjusting bolt head 432 is threadedly matched with the bolt head hole 264. The spring 42 is compressed between the spring supporting surface 416 and the spring seating surface 263. The adjusting bolt 43 passes through the spring 42. In order to maintain the elasticity of the spring 42 during frequent adjustments, the spring 42 is preferably made of high-strength material, which can better fix and stabilize the threaded boss 41.

[0080] Before the tool is cut, parts need to be assembled, and the installation of the adjustment unit 4 takes precedence over the installation of the blade 1 .

[0081] First, if Fig.15 , place the spring 42 and the boss 41 in the adjustment base 26 in sequence, and press the boss 41 until the bottom moving surface 412 contacts the spring seating surface 263, and the adjusting bolt tail 431 passes through the bolt head hole 264 and rotates with the bolt tail hole 417 until the thread of the bolt head 432 contacts the thread of the bolt head hole 264. Then, pass the screw 3 through the blade center hole 14 and rotate with the screw hole 25 of the knife groove 21 until the blade 1 is pressed tightly in the knife groove 21. Finally, as Fig.16 , continue to rotate the adjusting bolt 43 clockwise until it is locked. It should be noted that the adjustment range of the assembly gap may be different according to the size of the blade 1, and the adjustment range of the assembly gap may be larger for a blade 1 with a larger size.

[0082] For example, when H = 0.3 mm, P1 = 0.5 mm, P2 = 0.35 mm, α = 135°, according to the formula It is concluded that the number of adjustment turns of the adjusting bolt n=2.83. Therefore, it is recommended that the number of adjustment turns n of the adjusting bolt should be at most three turns to improve the adjustment and installation efficiency.

[0083] After the tool is assembled, the tool is installed on the main shaft of the machine tool. The main shaft of the machine tool drives the tool to rotate at high speed around the tool rotation center to perform cutting processing on the workpiece.

[0084] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the structure of the present invention. The technicians in this technical field may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A milling tool with an adjustable structure, characterized in that: It includes a blade and a blade body, one end of the blade body is provided with a blade groove for installing the blade, the blade groove includes a bottom support surface, the bottom support surface is provided with an adjustment base, an adjustment unit is installed in the adjustment base, and a groove for assembling with the adjustment unit is provided on the side of the blade facing the bottom support surface.

2. A milling tool with an adjustable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting unit includes a boss, a spring and an adjusting bolt. The adjusting bolt includes a bolt tail, a bolt middle and a bolt head. The surfaces of the bolt tail and the bolt head are both provided with threads. The bolt tail is screwed to the boss, the bolt middle is equipped with a spring, the bolt head is screwed to the adjusting base, and the boss is assembled in the groove.

3. A milling tool with an adjustable structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thread directions of the bolt tail and the bolt head are opposite.

4. The milling tool with an adjustable structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thread directions of the bolt tail and the bolt head are the same, and the thread pitch of the bolt head is not equal to the thread pitch of the bolt tail.

5. The milling tool with an adjustable structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thread directions of the bolt tail and the bolt head are the same, and the thread pitch of the bolt head is greater than the thread pitch of the bolt tail.

6. A milling tool with an adjustable structure according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The thread directions of the bolt tail and the bolt head are both right-hand.

7. The milling tool with an adjustable structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nominal diameter of the thread of the bolt head is greater than the nominal diameter of the thread of the bolt tail.

8. The milling tool with an adjustable structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The boss includes a top moving surface and a bottom moving surface, and there are more than two groups of side sliding surfaces between the top moving surface and the bottom moving surface. The side sliding surfaces are connected to the top moving surface through the side moving surfaces, and the adjacent two side sliding surfaces and the adjacent two side moving surfaces are connected through angle moving surfaces. The bottom moving surface is provided with a spring accommodating cavity, and the top moving surface is provided with a bolt tail hole, which is connected to the spring accommodating cavity.

9. The milling tool with an adjustable structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The adjustment base includes a boss accommodating cavity, which includes a spring seating surface, a sliding surface and an avoidance surface. The spring seating surface is provided with a penetrating bolt head hole, and the bolt head hole is coaxial with the bolt tail hole. There are more than two groups of sliding surfaces between the spring seating surface and the bottom support surface, and two adjacent sliding surfaces are connected by an avoidance surface.

10. The milling tool with an adjustable structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The number of the sliding surfaces is the same as that of the side sliding surfaces, and the side sliding surfaces are in contact with the sliding surfaces.

11. The milling tool with an adjustable structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: A process surface is arranged on the back of the spring seating surface, the process surface is parallel to the spring seating surface, and the bolt head hole passes through the spring seating surface and the process surface.

12. A milling tool with an adjustable structure according to claim 1, 2 or 8, characterized in that: The blade comprises an upper surface, a lower bottom surface, a side peripheral surface and a central hole, the lower bottom surface is provided with a groove, the side peripheral surface is provided with a side positioning surface and an end positioning surface, and the central hole runs through the upper surface and the lower bottom surface.

13. The milling tool with an adjustable structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: The knife groove further includes a side supporting surface corresponding to the side positioning surface and an end supporting surface corresponding to the end positioning surface. The bottom supporting surface is also provided with a screw hole corresponding to the center hole.

14. The milling tool with an adjustable structure according to claim 13, characterized in that: The blade is mounted on the blade groove by means of a screw, and the screw passes through the center hole and is screwed to the screw hole.

15. The milling tool with an adjustable structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: The lower bottom surface is provided with at most two grooves.

16. The milling tool with an adjustable structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: The groove includes a side mating surface, a corner surface and a top mating surface. The side mating surface is adjacent to the lower bottom surface and the top mating surface. There are at least two side mating surfaces between the top mating surface and the lower bottom surface. The side mating surface is a plane, and the adjacent side mating surfaces are connected by the corner surface.

17. The milling tool with an adjustable structure according to claim 16, characterized in that: The groove is a tapered groove that decreases from the lower bottom surface to the top matching surface.

18. The milling tool with an adjustable structure according to claim 17, characterized in that: The top mating surface is parallel and far away from the lower bottom surface and close to the upper surface, the side mating surfaces are inclined towards each other, and the dihedral angle between the side mating surface and the lower bottom surface is an obtuse angle.

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