A precision turntable shaft system adjusting method and device

Abstract

This application discloses a method for assembling and adjusting a precision rotary table shaft system, comprising: dividing the assembly unit according to the product structure and task form corresponding to the target shaft system, using the rotary shaft and mounting base as assembly references, determining the process assembly sequence, and completing the assembly of the target shaft system based on the process assembly sequence; converting the target imaging pixel difference of the assembled target shaft system into optical indicators corresponding to the target shaft system, and converting the optical indicators corresponding to the target shaft system into mechanical linear parameters corresponding to the target shaft system; comparing the actual shaft system assembly accuracy with the mechanical linear parameter value, and if the actual shaft system assembly accuracy is less than the mechanical linear parameter value, then performing process design on the assembled target bearing; verifying, using optical methods, whether the shaft system assembly accuracy corresponding to the target bearing that has completed the process design meets the system design indicators, and completing the assembly and adjustment of the target shaft system if the shaft system assembly accuracy meets the system design indicators. Applying this method can stabilize assembly quality and improve assembly efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of precision turntable shaft systems, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for assembling and adjusting a precision turntable shaft system. Background Technology

[0002] The shaft system is key to the organic connection between the various components of the turntable. The frames are connected by the shaft system, which transmits torque and precisely transmits rotational motion. A precision turntable consists of an azimuth shaft system and a pitch shaft system. The rotation of these two shaft systems allows for spatial monitoring. The tilt angle error and verticality error of the shaft system are important indicators of a precision turntable.

[0003] Currently, there are several main methods to address the problem of unstable shaft tilt and rotation error quality: one is to establish a finite element model to provide a method for calculating shaft tilt and rotation error, guiding the optimized design of shaft structure; another is to establish a mathematical model to propose an analysis method for local parallel structures. The above studies have made valuable explorations in different aspects to solve the problem of unstable shaft tilt and rotation error quality. Nevertheless, there is relatively little research on shaft assembly and adjustment process methods.

[0004] In view of this, how to provide a precision turntable shaft system assembly and adjustment method to improve the stability of shaft tilt angle rotation error quality and reduce the debugging cycle has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method and device for assembling and adjusting a precision turntable shaft system, which are used to solve the problems of unstable shaft tilt angle rotation error quality and long debugging cycle.

[0006] In a first aspect of this application, a method for assembling and adjusting a precision turntable shaft system is provided, comprising:

[0007] Based on the product structure and task form corresponding to the target shaft system, the assembly units are divided with the rotating shaft and mounting base as the assembly reference, and the process assembly sequence is determined. Based on the process assembly sequence, the assembly of the target shaft system is completed. The product structure corresponding to the target shaft system includes a rotating shaft, angular contact bearing, deep groove ball bearing, mounting base, bearing housing, bearing pressure ring, motor stator, and motor rotor.

[0008] The target imaging pixel difference of the assembled target axis system is converted into the optical index corresponding to the target axis system, and the optical index corresponding to the target axis system is converted into the mechanical linear parameter corresponding to the target axis system.

[0009] The actual shaft system assembly accuracy is compared with the mechanical linear parameter value. If the actual shaft system assembly accuracy is less than the mechanical linear parameter value, then the assembled target bearing is subjected to process design. The process design includes bearing assembly tooling, bearing lubrication, and bearing preload adjustment for the target shaft system.

[0010] The assembly accuracy of the shaft system corresponding to the target bearing in the completed process design is verified using optical methods to ensure that it meets the system design specifications. If the assembly accuracy of the shaft system meets the system design specifications, the assembly and adjustment of the target shaft system is completed. The assembly accuracy of the shaft system includes the bearing tilt angle rotation accuracy. A test optical path is constructed using optical methods to detect the tilt angle rotation accuracy of the shaft system. The measured tilt angle rotation accuracy of the shaft system is less than the optical specification.

[0011] In a second aspect of this application, a precision turntable shaft system adjustment device is provided, comprising:

[0012] The assembly module is configured to divide the assembly units based on the product structure and task form corresponding to the target shaft system, using the rotating shaft and mounting base as assembly references, and determine the process assembly sequence. Based on the process assembly sequence, the assembly of the target shaft system is completed. The product structure corresponding to the target shaft system includes a rotating shaft, angular contact bearing, deep groove ball bearing, mounting base, bearing housing, bearing pressure ring, motor stator, and motor rotor.

[0013] The conversion module is configured to convert the target imaging pixel difference of the assembled target axis system into optical indicators corresponding to the target axis system, and to convert the optical indicators corresponding to the target axis system into mechanical linear parameters corresponding to the target axis system.

[0014] The design module is configured to compare the actual shaft system assembly accuracy with the mechanical linear parameter value. In response to the actual shaft system assembly accuracy being less than the mechanical linear parameter value, the module performs process design on the assembled target bearing. The process design includes processing the target shaft system with bearing assembly tooling, bearing lubrication, and bearing preload adjustment.

[0015] The detection module is configured to use optical methods to verify whether the assembly accuracy of the shaft system corresponding to the target bearing in the completed process design meets the system design specifications. If the shaft system assembly accuracy meets the system design specifications, the assembly and adjustment of the target shaft system is completed. The shaft system assembly accuracy includes the bearing tilt angle rotation accuracy. An optical test path is constructed using optical methods to detect the shaft system tilt angle rotation accuracy. The measured shaft system tilt angle rotation accuracy is less than the optical specification.

[0016] This application provides a method for assembling and adjusting a precision turntable shaft system, comprising: First, based on the product structure and task form corresponding to the target shaft system, using the rotary shaft and mounting base as assembly references, dividing the assembly into units and determining the process assembly sequence; and completing the assembly of the target shaft system based on the process assembly sequence. The product structure corresponding to the target shaft system includes a rotary shaft, angular contact bearings, deep groove ball bearings, mounting bases, bearing housings, bearing pressure rings, a motor stator, and a motor rotor. Then, converting the target imaging pixel difference of the assembled target shaft system into optical indicators corresponding to the target shaft system, and converting the optical indicators corresponding to the target shaft system into mechanical linear parameters corresponding to the target shaft system. Next, comparing the actual shaft system assembly accuracy. In response to the actual shaft system assembly accuracy being less than the mechanical linear parameter value, a process design is performed on the assembled target bearing. This process design includes adjusting the bearing assembly fixtures, lubrication, and preload of the target shaft system. Finally, an optical method is used to verify whether the shaft system assembly accuracy corresponding to the target bearing meets the system design specifications. If the shaft system assembly accuracy meets the system design specifications, the assembly and adjustment of the target shaft system is completed. The shaft system assembly accuracy includes the bearing tilt angle rotation accuracy. An optical test path is used to detect the shaft system tilt angle rotation accuracy. The measured shaft system tilt angle rotation accuracy is less than the optical specification.

[0017] The precision turntable shaft system assembly and adjustment method provided in this application can ensure the rotational accuracy of the shaft system tilt angle, stabilize the assembly quality, reduce the number of repeated assembly and adjustment steps, and improve assembly efficiency. Furthermore, this application analyzes the process method, providing valuable insights for solving similar problems and offering significant practical guidance.

[0018] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, specific embodiments of this application are given below. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating a precision turntable shaft system assembly and adjustment method provided in this application embodiment;

[0021] Figure 2A schematic diagram of a precision turntable shaft system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly unit division of a precision turntable shaft system method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the turntable shaft system assembly process in a precision turntable shaft system assembly method provided in this application embodiment;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the optomechanical index conversion steps in a precision turntable axis system method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a deep groove ball bearing assembly fixture in a precision rotary table shaft system method provided in this application embodiment;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an angular contact bearing assembly fixture in a precision turntable shaft system method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a precision turntable shaft system method provided in this application, showing a state without force, a free rolling element, and clearance between the rolling element and the inner and outer rings of the bearing.

[0028] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating the bearing under stress and relative displacement of the inner and outer rings of the bearing in a precision turntable shaft system method provided in this application embodiment, thereby eliminating clearance.

[0029] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the axis tilt angle error in a precision turntable shaft system method provided in this application embodiment;

[0030] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the axis motion trajectory in a precision turntable shaft system method provided in this application embodiment;

[0031] Figure 12 This application provides a schematic diagram of the optical path setup for measuring shaft system accuracy using an autocollimator in a precision turntable shaft system method.

[0032] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a precision turntable shaft system adjustment device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0034] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a precision turntable shaft system assembly and adjustment method provided in an embodiment of this application, which specifically includes the following steps.

[0035] Step S102: Based on the product structure and task form corresponding to the target shaft system, using the rotating shaft and mounting base as assembly references, divide the assembly units and determine the process assembly sequence. Based on the process assembly sequence, complete the assembly of the target shaft system. The product structure corresponding to the target shaft system includes a rotating shaft, angular contact bearings, deep groove ball bearings, mounting bases, bearing housings, bearing pressure rings, a motor stator, and a motor rotor. That is, starting from the top-level process design, the assembly units are determined, and the assembly and adjustment process is proposed, providing a basic basis for subsequent detailed process design and tooling design.

[0036] a) Step S104: Convert the target imaging pixel difference of the assembled target axis system into optical parameters corresponding to the target axis system, and convert the optical parameters corresponding to the target axis system into mechanical linear parameters corresponding to the target axis system. That is, perform optical and mechanical parameter conversion. The conversion process is to first convert the system's pixel parameters into the axis system's angle parameters, and then convert the axis system's angle parameters into the axis system's mechanical parameters.

[0037] b) Step S106: Compare the actual shaft assembly accuracy with the mechanical linear parameter value. If the actual shaft assembly accuracy is less than the mechanical linear parameter value, then perform process design on the assembled target bearing. The process design includes bearing assembly tooling, bearing lubrication, and bearing preload adjustment for the target shaft. Specifically, detailed process design is performed on bearing selection, bearing lubrication, and bearing preload adjustment to ensure stable shaft tilt angle rotation accuracy. The adjusted shaft tilt angle rotation accuracy is compared with the converted value; the actual adjusted value should be less than the converted mechanical parameter.

[0038] Step S108: Verify, using optical methods, whether the assembly accuracy of the shaft system corresponding to the target bearing in the completed process design meets the system design specifications. If the shaft system assembly accuracy meets the system design specifications, complete the assembly and adjustment of the target shaft system. The shaft system assembly accuracy includes the bearing tilt angle rotation accuracy. A test optical path is constructed using optical methods to detect the shaft system tilt angle rotation accuracy. The measured shaft system tilt angle rotation accuracy is less than the optical specification. That is, using the principle of optical reflection, a test optical path is constructed to detect the shaft system tilt angle rotation accuracy, and the measured value should be less than the converted shaft system angle specification.

[0039] The following explanation uses a certain type of project orientation axis system as an example.

[0040] (1) Top-level process design

[0041] Top-level process design involves dividing the product into assembly units based on its structure and task requirements, determining the process assembly sequence, and providing a foundation for subsequent detailed process design and tooling design.

[0042] a) Structural Analysis

[0043] In this embodiment of the application, the method for fixing the target shaft system includes: determining the fixing method of the target shaft system based on the working temperature range of the turntable; in response to the working temperature range of the turntable exceeding a preset temperature threshold, adopting a fixing method with one end fixed and the other end movable, wherein the angular contact bearing end is the fixed end, the deep groove ball bearing end is the movable end, the inner ring of the angular contact bearing is fitted with a clearance fit on the rotating shaft, and the outer ring is fitted with a clearance fit on the mounting base; in response to the working temperature range of the turntable not exceeding the preset temperature threshold, or the turntable being placed in a temperature-controlled environment, adopting a method of fixing both ends.

[0044] Specifically, there are two ways to fix the shaft system: one is to fix one end and move the other, and the other is to fix both ends. When the operating temperature range of the turntable is large, the method of fixing one end and moving the other is generally used; while when the operating temperature range of the turntable is not large or the turntable has a temperature-controlled environment, the method of fixing both ends is generally used. This article takes the orientation shaft system with one end fixed and one end moving as an example for analysis and research. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a precision turntable shaft system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 2The azimuth shaft system mainly consists of a rotating shaft, angular contact bearings, deep groove ball bearings, mounting bases, bearing housings, bearing pressure rings, a motor stator, and a motor rotor. The product provided in this application has the following structural features: Feature 1, the product is based on a rotating shaft, with other parts assembled one by one; Feature 2, the angular contact bearing end is the fixed end, and the deep groove ball bearing end is the floating end; the inner ring of the angular contact bearing is fitted with a clearance fit on the rotating shaft, and the outer ring is fitted with a clearance fit on the mounting base. The assembly and adjustment of the fixed-end angular contact bearing is a key factor affecting the accuracy of the shaft system; therefore, the rotating shaft and mounting base serve as the assembly datum for the shaft system. The assembly datum is the basis for dividing assembly units. Dividing assembly units based on the assembly datum can improve assembly efficiency and quality.

[0046] b) Assembly unit division

[0047] In this embodiment, the step of dividing the assembly unit based on the product structure and task form corresponding to the target shaft system, using the rotating shaft and mounting base as assembly references, includes: determining the process separation surface based on the constraint relationship of the product structure corresponding to the target shaft system, wherein the process separation surface is the rotating shaft and mounting base; dividing the assembly unit based on the process separation surface, wherein the assembly unit includes a first assembly unit and a second assembly unit, the first assembly unit including an angular contact bearing, a motor stator and a bearing retaining ring; the second assembly unit including a bearing housing, a bearing retaining ring, a deep groove ball bearing and a motor rotor, the second assembly unit being a sub-assembly including a third assembly unit and a motor rotor, wherein the third assembly unit carries the bearing housing, the bearing retaining ring and the deep groove ball bearing.

[0048] Specifically, the basis for dividing assembly units is the product's structural characteristics, assembly datum, and constraint relationships. The method for determining assembly units is to first divide the process separation surfaces according to the design separation surfaces and structural characteristics, and then further divide them according to the assembly levels and constraint relationships to finally form assembly units.

[0049] Figure 2 The product design separation surface is the rotating shaft and the mounting base. Based on the design separation surface, the process separation surface is determined according to the constraints of the product structure. Considering factors such as product structure and assembly datum, the shaft system can be divided into two assembly units. One is Assembly Unit 1, which consists of angular contact bearings, motor stator, and bearing retaining rings. The other is Assembly Unit 2, which consists of bearing housing, bearing retaining rings, deep groove ball bearings, and motor rotor. In Assembly Unit 2, since the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing is mounted on the boss of the bearing housing and has a constraint relationship with the bearing housing, while the inner ring is free from the orientation shaft and has no constraint relationship, according to the constraint relationship, the bearing housing, bearing retaining rings, and deep groove ball bearings can be further divided into a small Assembly Unit 3.

[0050] The overall assembly approach is to divide the shaft system assembly into assembly unit 1 and assembly unit 2. Assembly unit 2 is a sub-assembly, which can be further decomposed into assembly unit 3 and individual parts. Assembly unit 3 is a cluster of parts and cannot be further subdivided. Therefore, the final assembly is as follows: Figure 3 The assembly unit shown, wherein, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the division of turntable shaft system assembly units in a precision turntable shaft system method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0051] c) Assembly process determination

[0052] During assembly, the smallest assembly unit is assembled first, followed by the assembly of the next higher level, and finally, the shaft system assembly is completed. Based on the assembly unit, the assembly workflow is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, a reasonable assembly sequence can ensure the smoothness of the assembly process. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the turntable shaft system assembly process in a precision turntable shaft system assembly method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0053] (2) Optomechanical index conversion

[0054] The steps for converting optomechanical parameters are as follows: first, convert the system's parameters (target imaging pixel difference) into the optical parameters of the axis system; then, convert the optical parameters of the axis system into the mechanical linear parameters of the axis system, such as... Figure 5 As shown, where, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the optomechanical index conversion steps in a precision turntable axis system method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0055] The method for converting optomechanical parameters is as follows: the target pixel difference of the system is given by the optical design, and the unit is pixels; the optical parameters of the axis system, the unit is arcseconds (") or milliradians (mrad), are converted through formula (1), where formula (1) is: pixel = arcsecond × focal length ÷ 220 pixel size; the mechanical linear parameters of the axis system, the unit is mm, are converted through formula (2), thereby realizing the conversion of optomechanical parameters, where formula (2) is: Where ΔΦ is the inclination angle of the axis, in degrees; Δt is the radial length of the shaft system, in millimeters; and L is the axial length of the shaft system, in millimeters.

[0056] (3) Detailed process design

[0057] Detailed process design is a detailed process design based on process planning, thereby ensuring assembly quality and efficiency. Bearings are the core components of the shaft system, and their assembly directly affects the accuracy of the shaft system. Therefore, this application's embodiments include detailed process design from aspects such as bearing assembly tooling, bearing lubrication, and bearing preload adjustment.

[0058] a) Bearing press-fitting process equipment design

[0059] In this embodiment of the application, the process design for the assembled target bearing includes: using bearing assembly fixtures for the target bearing, wherein a deep groove ball bearing or an angular contact bearing is assembled in the hole of a mounting base, and a transition pressure plate is provided at the bottom of the mounting base; a pressure sleeve is provided on the deep groove ball bearing or the angular contact bearing, and a boss is provided on the pressure sleeve, the boss acting on the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing or the angular contact bearing.

[0060] Specifically, bearing installation is the core step in shaft assembly. Bearings can be assembled using either hot or cold methods. Hot assembly utilizes the principle of thermal expansion and contraction to assemble bearings, while cold assembly uses tooling in conjunction with a power unit to install bearings. Figure 2 The bearings used have large outer diameters and thin inner and outer ring walls. Considering the actual assembly conditions and the assembly efficiency of mass production, this paper adopts a cold assembly scheme to assemble the bearings.

[0061] Therefore, deep groove ball bearing assembly fixtures and angular contact bearing assembly fixtures were designed respectively. The operating principle of the fixtures is as follows: Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, where, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a deep groove ball bearing assembly fixture in a precision rotary table shaft system method provided in this application embodiment; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the angular contact bearing assembly fixture in a precision turntable shaft system method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0062] When a deep groove ball bearing is assembled into the hole of the mounting base, a transition plate is set at the bottom of the mounting base to prevent the power unit from directly acting on the product. A pressure sleeve is set on the top of the bearing, and the pressure sleeve has a boss that acts on the outer ring of the bearing. When the power unit acts on the pressure sleeve, the pressure sleeve will evenly transmit the force to the bearing. Because the bearing is subjected to uniform force, it can avoid damage to the internal structure of the bearing due to assembly, thereby protecting the precision of the bearing. The design principle of the angular contact bearing assembly fixture is the same as that of the deep groove ball bearing assembly fixture, and will not be described again here.

[0063] b) Bearing lubrication

[0064] Bearings must be lubricated before assembly. The purpose of lubrication is not only to reduce friction and wear, but also to cool, prevent rust, absorb vibration, and reduce noise. The main lubricants used in rolling bearings are grease and oil, with grease lubrication being more common. The type of lubricant can also be determined according to the "Rolling Bearing Application Manual." Too much grease in the bearing will cause excessive torque during operation, increasing the bearing temperature and generating heat; too little grease will cause internal friction and poor vibration damping.

[0065] The amount of grease for the newly installed bearing is determined according to the ratio of the rotational speed n to the limiting rotational speed nj. Generally, the principle is as follows: when nj / n < 1.25, the grease filling amount is 1 / 3 of the effective space inside the bearing; when 1.25 < nj / n < 5, the grease filling amount is 1 / 3 - 2 / 3 of the effective space inside the bearing; when nj / n > 5, the grease filling amount is 2 / 3 of the effective space inside the bearing.

[0066] The effective space of the bearing is the total volume of the bearing minus the volume of the outer ring of the bearing, minus the volume of the inner ring of the bearing, minus the volume of the bearing balls, and then minus the volume of the bearing cage.

[0067] The amount of grease is measured in grams (g). Its calculation method is to multiply the above volume value by the density of the grease to calculate the weight of the grease, and then weigh out the corresponding grease.

[0068] The position for applying the grease is the side with a larger clearance of the bearing cage; the method for applying the grease is as follows: first, use a tool to apply the required grease to the end face of the bearing cage in small amounts and evenly several times; then use a tool to fill the grease into the gaps of the cage, rotate the inner ring of the bearing forward and backward two circles each, so that the grease contacts the balls evenly; finally, wipe off the excess grease with a clean cloth; the grease should fill the balls evenly; there should be no grease on the inner and outer rings of the bearing.

[0069] c) Adjustment of bearing preload

[0070] In the embodiment of the present application, the process design for the assembled target bearing includes:

[0071] Performing a bearing preload adjustment process on the target shafting. Among them, during the bearing assembly, through an axial force, the relative displacement between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing is controlled, and based on the relative displacement, the positions of the contact points between the rolling elements and the inner and outer rings of the bearing are adjusted to determine the actual shafting assembly accuracy.

[0072] Bearing preloading means that during the bearing assembly, an axial force is applied to the inner or outer ring of the bearing to cause relative displacement between the inner and outer rings, and the positions of the contact points between the rolling elements and the inner and outer rings are adjusted, thereby eliminating the clearance in the bearing and achieving the purpose of improving the rotational accuracy of the shafting.

[0073] When the bearing is not under force, the rolling elements are in a free state, and there is a clearance between the rolling elements and the inner and outer rings of the bearing, as Figure 8 shown; the essence of adjusting the bearing preload is to adjust the positions of the rolling elements and the inner and outer rings so that the rolling elements are stressed at the contact angle γ position with the inner and outer rings, thereby making the bearing reach the best accuracy, as Figure 9 shown. Among them, Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of a precision turntable shaft system method provided in this application, showing a state without force, a free rolling element, and clearance between the rolling element and the inner and outer rings of the bearing. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the bearing under stress and the relative displacement between the inner and outer rings of the bearing in a precision turntable shaft system method provided in this application embodiment, thereby eliminating clearance.

[0074] Method for adjusting bearing preload: Use a dial indicator to measure the shaft system. The runout value of one rotation of the shaft system should be less than the system's required index. If the rotational accuracy is out of tolerance, the clamping amount of the bearing pressure ring should be adjusted to make the rotational error meet the requirements. The clamping amount of the bearing pressure ring can be achieved by using shims or adjusting the torque of the screws on the bearing pressure ring. The method for adjusting the torque of the screws on the bearing pressure ring is to tighten at the high point and loosen at the low point.

[0075] (4) Shaft system accuracy inspection

[0076] In this embodiment, the optical method for verifying whether the shaft system assembly accuracy corresponding to the target bearing in the completed process design meets the system design specifications includes: constructing an optical path for the shaft system based on an autocollimator, a first reflector, a second reflector, a level, and a pin; wherein the first reflector is fixed on the main shaft and is used to reflect the optical fiber emitted by the autocollimator; the autocollimator is placed horizontally on an optical platform, and with the axis of the shaft system perpendicular to the output optical path of the autocollimator, the optical path of the autocollimator is reflected by the second reflector, causing the optical path to fold back to the autocollimator; the pin is used to hold the mounting surface; the level is used to level the reference surface; the optical path trajectories of the first and second reflectors in the shaft system optical path are adjusted; the shaft system accuracy corresponding to the shaft system optical path after the optical path adjustment is completed is tested; and based on the parameter values ​​carried by the shaft system accuracy and the optical specifications, the assembly accuracy of the shaft system corresponding to the target bearing in the completed process design is verified to meet the system design specifications.

[0077] a) Optical Testing Principles

[0078] After the shaft system is assembled and adjusted, optical methods are needed to verify whether the assembly accuracy of the shaft system meets the system design specifications.

[0079] Ideally, when the shaft system rotates one revolution, the trajectory of the axis is a circle, such as... Figure 11 As shown in (a); in the actual state, the axis of the shaft system has an inclination angle θ, as... Figure 10 As shown in (a); optical testing of axis system accuracy utilizes the principle of self-collimator reflection to record the θ value of the axis, such as... Figure 10 As shown in (b); because the axis has an angle θ, the trajectory of the axis after one revolution, when connected end to end, forms an ellipse or an irregular circle, such as... Figure 11 (b) or Figure 11As shown in (c); the higher the assembly accuracy of the shaft system, the smaller the θ value, and the smaller the circle formed by the motion trajectories. Among these, Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the axis tilt angle error in a precision turntable shaft system method provided in this application embodiment; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the axis motion trajectory in a precision turntable shaft system method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0080] b) Constructing the optical path

[0081] Since the rotational accuracy of the shaft system is essentially measured by the swing value of the shaft, the optical path should be constructed with the mounting surface as the reference. First, a reflector needs to be fixed on the main shaft to reflect the light emitted by the autocollimator. Second, an autocollimator is needed, which is generally placed horizontally on the optical platform. If the axis of the shaft system is perpendicular to the output optical path of the autocollimator, a 45° reflector is also needed to reflect the optical path of the autocollimator so that the optical path can be reflected back to the autocollimator. Finally, since the mounting surface is the reference, the reference surface needs to be leveled. Therefore, three pins are used to hold the mounting surface in place, and a level is used for leveling.

[0082] Comprehensive analysis shows that constructing the optical path requires instruments and fixtures such as an autocollimator, mirror 1, mirror 2, level, and pivot; (Optical path construction diagram) Figure 12 As shown, Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path setup for measuring shaft system accuracy using a self-collimation instrument in a precision turntable shaft system method provided in this application embodiment.

[0083] c) Adjust the optical path

[0084] The principle of adjusting the optical path is to eliminate the installation errors of reflector 1 and reflector 2, so that the optical paths of reflector 1, reflector 2 and autocollimator are self-aligned.

[0085] The approach to adjusting the optical path is as follows: Since the autocollimator measures the vertical tilt angle through reflection from the mirror, first adjust the two-dimensional angle of the plane mirror 2 to make the autocollimator self-aligned through the plane mirror 1; then adjust the two-dimensional angle of the plane mirror 1 to minimize the circle drawn by the axis of motion or make the motion trajectory no longer a circle but an irregular random trajectory. The specific method is to observe the jump of the crosshair, find the position where the crosshair deviates the most during the rotation, and adjust the two screws on the mirror 1 to shift the crosshair towards the center of the coordinate axis, with each adjustment being 1 / 2 of the offset; finally, adjust the two-dimensional angle of the plane mirror 2 to make the autocollimator and the plane mirror 1 re-align.

[0086] d) Measuring shaft system accuracy

[0087] Based on the adjusted optical path, the measurement tests the accuracy of the shafting. By extracting parameters and comparing with the optical indicators, it determines whether the shafting accuracy meets the requirements. During the measurement, the first acquisition point is used as the starting position. According to the principle of connecting the head and the tail, the shafting is rotated at equal angles. The shafting rotates continuously for one week, and the collected data is compared. If the maximum value in these data is not greater than the system requirements, it is qualified. If not, the preload of the bearing needs to be readjusted to make the shafting accuracy higher until it meets the optical indicator requirements.

[0088] Applying the precision turntable shafting assembly and adjustment method provided by the embodiments of the present application can ensure the tilt rotation accuracy of the shafting, stabilize the assembly quality, reduce the number of repeated assembly and adjustment times, and improve the assembly efficiency. In addition, the present application analyzes the process method, provides beneficial value for solving similar problems, and has good practical guiding significance.

[0089] Corresponding to the above method embodiments, this specification also provides an embodiment of a precision turntable shafting assembly and adjustment device. Figure 13 It is a schematic structural diagram of a precision turntable shafting assembly and adjustment device provided by the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 13 shown, the device includes:

[0090] An assembly module 1302, configured to divide the assembly unit based on the product structure and task form corresponding to the target shafting, with the rotating shaft and the mounting seat as the assembly reference, determine the process assembly sequence, and complete the assembly of the target shafting based on the process assembly sequence. Among them, the product structure corresponding to the target shafting includes a rotating shaft, angular contact bearings, deep groove ball bearings, a mounting seat, a bearing housing, a bearing retainer, a motor stator, and a motor rotor;

[0091] A conversion module 1304, configured to convert the target imaging pixel difference of the shafting after assembly into the optical indicators corresponding to the target shafting, and convert the optical indicators corresponding to the target shafting into the mechanical linear parameters corresponding to the target shafting;

[0092] A design module 1306, configured to compare the actual shafting assembly accuracy with the mechanical linear parameter value. In response to the actual shafting assembly accuracy being less than the mechanical linear parameter value, process design is performed on the assembled target bearing. The process design includes processing the bearing assembly tooling, bearing lubrication, and bearing preload adjustment of the target shafting;

[0093] The detection module 1308 is configured to use optical methods to verify whether the assembly accuracy of the shaft system corresponding to the target bearing in the completed process design meets the system design specifications. If the shaft system assembly accuracy meets the system design specifications, the assembly and adjustment of the target shaft system is completed. The shaft system assembly accuracy includes the bearing tilt angle rotation accuracy. An optical test path is constructed using optical methods to detect the shaft system tilt angle rotation accuracy. The measured shaft system tilt angle rotation accuracy is less than the optical specification.

[0094] In one optional embodiment, the assembly module 1302 is further configured to:

[0095] Determine the method for fixing the target shaft system based on the operating temperature range of the turntable;

[0096] In response to the working temperature range of the turntable exceeding the preset temperature threshold, a fixing method with one end fixed and the other end floating is adopted. The fixed end is the angular contact bearing end, and the floating end is the deep groove ball bearing end. The inner ring of the angular contact bearing is installed on the rotating shaft with clearance fit, and the outer ring is installed on the mounting base with clearance fit.

[0097] In response to the fact that the operating temperature range of the turntable does not exceed the preset temperature threshold, or that the turntable is placed in a temperature-controlled environment, a method of fixing both ends is adopted.

[0098] In one optional embodiment, the assembly module 1302 is further configured to:

[0099] Based on the constraint relationship of the product structure corresponding to the target shaft system, the process separation surface is determined, wherein the process separation surface is the rotating shaft and the mounting base;

[0100] Based on the process separation surface, assembly units are divided, wherein the assembly unit includes a first assembly unit and a second assembly unit. The first assembly unit includes an angular contact bearing, a motor stator, and a bearing retainer ring. The second assembly unit includes a bearing housing, a bearing retainer ring, a deep groove ball bearing, and a motor rotor. The second assembly unit is a sub-assembly, including a third assembly unit and a motor rotor. The third assembly unit carries the bearing housing, the bearing retainer ring, and the deep groove ball bearing.

[0101] In one optional embodiment, the design module 1306 is further configured to:

[0102] A bearing assembly fixture is used for the target bearing, wherein a deep groove ball bearing or an angular contact bearing is assembled in the hole of a mounting base, and a transition pressure plate is provided at the bottom of the mounting base; a pressure sleeve is provided on the deep groove ball bearing or the angular contact bearing, and a boss is provided on the pressure sleeve, the boss acting on the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing or the angular contact bearing.

[0103] In one optional embodiment, the design module 1306 is further configured to:

[0104] The target shaft system is subjected to bearing preload adjustment. During bearing assembly, axial force is used to control the relative displacement between the inner and outer rings of the bearing. Based on the relative displacement, the positions of the contact points between the rolling elements and the inner and outer rings of the bearing are adjusted to determine the actual shaft system assembly accuracy.

[0105] In one optional embodiment, the detection module 1308 is further configured to:

[0106] An axial optical path is constructed based on an autocollimator, a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror, a level, and a pivot. The first reflecting mirror is fixed to the main shaft and reflects the optical fiber emitted by the autocollimator. The autocollimator is placed horizontally on an optical platform. With the axis of the axial system perpendicular to the output optical path of the autocollimator, the second reflecting mirror reflects the optical path of the autocollimator, causing the optical path to refract back to the autocollimator. The pivot is used to hold the mounting surface in place. The level is used to calibrate the reference surface.

[0107] Adjust the optical path trajectories of the first and second reflecting mirrors in the optical path of the axis system;

[0108] The accuracy of the shaft system corresponding to the optical path of the shaft system after the optical path adjustment is completed is tested. Based on the parameter values ​​carried by the shaft system accuracy and the optical index, the assembly accuracy of the shaft system corresponding to the target bearing after the process design is completed is verified to meet the system design index.

[0109] The precision turntable shaft system assembly and adjustment device provided in this application can ensure the rotational accuracy of the shaft system tilt angle, stabilize the assembly quality, reduce the number of repeated assembly and adjustment steps, and improve assembly efficiency. Furthermore, this application analyzes the process method, providing valuable insights for solving similar problems and offering significant practical guidance.

[0110] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. In particular, the network traffic anomaly detection device based on feature grouping and autoencoder integration is described simply because it is fundamentally similar to the network traffic anomaly detection method based on feature grouping and autoencoder integration. Relevant details can be found in the descriptions of the network traffic anomaly detection method based on feature grouping and autoencoder integration.

[0111] It should be noted that the above description describes specific embodiments of this specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the embodiments of this specification.

[0112] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0113] The preferred embodiments disclosed above are merely illustrative of this specification. The optional embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the embodiments, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize this specification. This specification is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for assembling and adjusting a precision turntable shaft system, characterized in that, include: Based on the product structure and task form corresponding to the target shaft system, the assembly units are divided with the rotating shaft and mounting base as the assembly reference, and the process assembly sequence is determined. Based on the process assembly sequence, the assembly of the target shaft system is completed. The product structure corresponding to the target shaft system includes a rotating shaft, angular contact bearing, deep groove ball bearing, mounting base, bearing housing, angular contact bearing retaining ring, deep groove ball bearing retaining ring, motor stator, and motor rotor. The target imaging pixel difference of the assembled target axis system is converted into the optical index corresponding to the target axis system, and the optical index corresponding to the target axis system is converted into the mechanical linear parameter corresponding to the target axis system. The actual shaft system assembly accuracy is compared with the mechanical linear parameter value. If the actual shaft system assembly accuracy is less than the mechanical linear parameter value, then the assembled target bearing is subjected to process design. The process design includes bearing assembly tooling, bearing lubrication, and bearing preload adjustment for the target shaft system. The assembly accuracy of the shaft system corresponding to the target bearing in the completed process design is verified using optical methods to ensure that it meets the system design specifications. If the assembly accuracy of the shaft system meets the system design specifications, the assembly and adjustment of the target shaft system is completed. The assembly accuracy of the shaft system includes the bearing tilt angle rotation accuracy. A test optical path is constructed using optical methods to detect the tilt angle rotation accuracy of the shaft system. The measured tilt angle rotation accuracy of the shaft system is less than the optical specification.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for fixing the target shaft system includes: Determine the method for fixing the target shaft system based on the operating temperature range of the turntable; In response to the working temperature range of the turntable exceeding the preset temperature threshold, a fixing method with one end fixed and the other end floating is adopted. The fixed end is the angular contact bearing end, and the floating end is the deep groove ball bearing end. The inner ring of the angular contact bearing is installed on the rotating shaft with clearance fit, and the outer ring is installed on the mounting base with clearance fit. In response to the fact that the operating temperature range of the turntable does not exceed the preset temperature threshold, or that the turntable is placed in a temperature-controlled environment, a method of fixing both ends is adopted.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the product structure and task type corresponding to the target shaft system, and using the rotating shaft and mounting base as assembly references, the assembly units are divided, including: Based on the constraint relationship of the product structure corresponding to the target shaft system, the process separation surface is determined, wherein the process separation surface is the rotating shaft and the mounting base; Based on the process separation surface, assembly units are divided, wherein the assembly unit includes a first assembly unit and a second assembly unit. The first assembly unit includes an angular contact bearing, a motor stator, and an angular contact bearing retaining ring. The second assembly unit includes a bearing housing, a deep groove ball bearing retaining ring, a deep groove ball bearing, and a motor rotor. The second assembly unit is a sub-assembly, including a third assembly unit and a motor rotor. The third assembly unit carries the bearing housing, the deep groove ball bearing retaining ring, and the deep groove ball bearing.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process design for the assembled target bearing includes: A bearing assembly fixture is used for the target bearing, wherein a deep groove ball bearing or an angular contact bearing is assembled in the hole of a mounting base, and a transition pressure plate is provided at the bottom of the mounting base; a pressure sleeve is provided on the deep groove ball bearing or the angular contact bearing, and a boss is provided on the pressure sleeve, the boss acting on the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing or the angular contact bearing.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process design for the assembled target bearing includes: The target shaft system is subjected to bearing preload adjustment. During bearing assembly, axial force is used to control the relative displacement between the inner and outer rings of the bearing. Based on the relative displacement, the positions of the contact points between the rolling elements and the inner and outer rings of the bearing are adjusted to determine the actual shaft system assembly accuracy.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical method used to verify whether the shaft assembly accuracy corresponding to the target bearing in the completed process design meets the system design specifications includes: An axial optical path is constructed based on an autocollimator, a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror, a level, and a pivot. The first reflecting mirror is fixed to a rotating axis and reflects the optical fiber emitted by the autocollimator. The autocollimator is placed horizontally on an optical platform. With the axis of the target axial system perpendicular to the output optical path of the autocollimator, the second reflecting mirror reflects the output optical path of the autocollimator, causing the output optical path to fold back to the autocollimator. The pivot is used to hold the mounting surface in place. The level is used to calibrate the reference surface. Adjust the optical path trajectories of the first and second reflecting mirrors in the optical path of the axis system; The accuracy of the shaft system corresponding to the optical path of the shaft system after the optical path adjustment is completed is tested. Based on the parameter values ​​carried by the shaft system accuracy and the optical index, the assembly accuracy of the shaft system corresponding to the target bearing after the process design is completed is verified to meet the system design index.

7. A precision turntable shaft system adjustment device, characterized in that, include: The assembly module is configured to divide the assembly units based on the product structure and task form corresponding to the target shaft system, using the rotating shaft and mounting base as assembly references, and determine the process assembly sequence. Based on the process assembly sequence, the assembly of the target shaft system is completed. The product structure corresponding to the target shaft system includes a rotating shaft, angular contact bearing, deep groove ball bearing, mounting base, bearing housing, angular contact bearing retaining ring, deep groove ball bearing retaining ring, motor stator, and motor rotor. The conversion module is configured to convert the target imaging pixel difference of the assembled target axis system into optical indicators corresponding to the target axis system, and to convert the optical indicators corresponding to the target axis system into mechanical linear parameters corresponding to the target axis system. The design module is configured to compare the actual shaft system assembly accuracy with the mechanical linear parameter value. In response to the actual shaft system assembly accuracy being less than the mechanical linear parameter value, the module performs process design on the assembled target bearing. The process design includes processing the target shaft system with bearing assembly tooling, bearing lubrication, and bearing preload adjustment. The detection module is configured to use optical methods to verify whether the assembly accuracy of the shaft system corresponding to the target bearing in the completed process design meets the system design specifications. If the shaft system assembly accuracy meets the system design specifications, the assembly and adjustment of the target shaft system is completed. The shaft system assembly accuracy includes the bearing tilt angle rotation accuracy. An optical test path is constructed using optical methods to detect the shaft system tilt angle rotation accuracy. The measured shaft system tilt angle rotation accuracy is less than the optical specification.

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