A preload device for assembling high vortex casing components
By designing a preload device for high turbo receiver components, the problems of forward tilt and unstable assembly quality are solved by using support and lifting flip mechanisms, achieving a more efficient and stable assembly process and a lower rework rate.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411933716.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-08
AI Technical Summary
During the assembly process of high vortex receiver assembly, the guide vane assembly is prone to tilt forward due to its own weight, and traditional assembly processes are difficult to ensure the axial dimensional tolerance from the end face of the guide vane to the receiver design reference, resulting in high dimensional overdifference rate and occasional tooling problems.
A preloading device is designed, including a chassis, upper plate, measuring frame and spreader. The parts are stable and flexible inverted through support and lifting flip mechanism, simulating pneumatic loads, and ensuring consistency between assembly quality and test run status.
Through the preloading device, the forward tilt problem of guide vanes is solved, the number of assembly decomposition times is reduced, the assembly efficiency and quality stability is improved, the rework rate is reduced, and the consistency of machine addition and inspection is ensured.
Smart Images
Figure CN119774428A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of civil aviation engine assembly, and in particular to a preload device for assembling a high-vortex casing component. Background Art
[0002] The high-pressure turbine casing assembly of a domestic aircraft engine needs to control the guide vane height tolerance within 0.35mm. In the previous assembly process, in order to ensure that the various components are not interfered during machining, it is necessary to assemble a certain outer ring structure for machining first. After the outer ring structure is machined, the assembly is disassembled, and the guide vane is assembled again for machining. At the same time, the tolerance range from the end face of the guide vane to the part datum must be ensured. After the guide vane is machined, the assembly is disassembled and cleaned again, and finally the entire assembly is reassembled. Three assemblies and two disassemblies are required. The assembly is required to ensure the axial dimension from the end face of the blade of the second guide assembly to the casing design datum A. There are 36 second guide assemblies, which can only be assembled one by one during the assembly process. After assembly, the end face of the guide vane is uneven, and it is difficult to ensure the axial dimension from the end face of the blade of the second guide assembly to the casing design datum A. There are also high dimensional tolerance rates and occasional knife-breaking problems, all of which are caused by blade shaking. Therefore, it is difficult to control the axial tolerance within 0.35mm through traditional assembly processes.
[0003] Without the use of preload fixtures, the blades shook after the initial assembly, which prevented the car hook and honeycomb grinding process from proceeding normally. There was also a risk of tool breakage, and the components also needed to be reworked. In order to meet the technical requirements of the engine test, the designer proposed to ensure the size through assembly, which put forward higher requirements for assembly. Therefore, the following issues need to be addressed:
[0004] 1) The casing assembly is assembled by turning to ensure that the guide vane assembly size is not in place;
[0005] 2) Due to the weight of the guide vane itself, the guide vane assembly tilts toward the front end of the assembly during assembly. However, during the test run, the guide vane assembly will be corrected under the influence of the airflow load.
[0006] 3) Since the workpiece is large and heavy, it is not easy to flip over. Summary of the invention
[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a preload device for assembling a high-vortex casing assembly, which completely solves the problem of guide vane forward inclination, reduces the number of assembly and disassembly times, and improves assembly efficiency; it can ensure the stability of assembly quality and the consistency of machining and testing.
[0008] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention is: a preload device for assembling a high-vortex casing assembly, characterized in that it includes a chassis, an upper plate, a measuring frame and a hanger;
[0009] The upper plate is arranged on the upper part of the chassis through a number of pillars, 36 support members are arranged around the inner ring surface of the chassis, two cross-shaped support plates are arranged in the bottom ring of the chassis, and a measuring frame is arranged at the upper center of the two support plates. The two symmetrical pillars are respectively connected with a hoisting and flipping mechanism through a positioning shaft, and the flipping of the parts is realized by the hoisting and flipping mechanism.
[0010] Furthermore, the support member includes an adjustment support block, a push rod, an adjustment rod and a push head; the push rod and the adjustment rod are connected by threads and are arranged in an oblique through hole in the adjustment support block, a rotating hexagonal head is arranged at the bottom of the adjustment rod, the push rod extends out of the adjustment support block, the push rod and the push head are movably connected by a rotating shaft and a joint bearing, guide pins are relatively arranged on both sides of the adjustment support block to tighten the adjustment rod, and the guide pins are adjusted to tighten it; the anti-rotation pin ensures that the adjustment rod can only move axially upward or downward.
[0011] Furthermore, the lifting and flipping mechanism includes a positioning shaft, a rotating sleeve is provided on the positioning shaft, a spring is provided on the rotating sleeve, an L-shaped groove is provided on the rotating sleeve, a stop pin is provided on the positioning shaft, the stop pin is clamped in the L-shaped groove, and the positioning shaft drives the parts to rotate by sliding in the L-shaped groove.
[0012] Furthermore, the top head is V-shaped.
[0013] Furthermore, the positioning shaft is arranged perpendicularly to the support column.
[0014] Further, the angle of the oblique through hole in the support block is adjusted to 5-10°.
[0015] Furthermore, one end of each support plate is fixedly connected to the chassis by bolts, and the other end is fixedly connected to the measuring frame by bolts.
[0016] Furthermore, the support plate and the measuring frame are connected by screws.
[0017] Furthermore, there are 4 pillars.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
[0019] 1) The present invention adjusts each blade of the part to a consistent height through a support member, which can simulate aerodynamic loads, thereby ensuring the consistency of the machining state and the test state, and solving the problem of inconsistency between the high-vortex casing assembly and the test bench test state.
[0020] 2) Shorten the assembly cycle: The present invention optimizes the original three assemblies and two disassemblies to two assemblies and one disassembly, reducing the workload of mechanical processing after assembly. According to the on-site practical time, one assembly takes about 12 hours and disassembly (including cleaning) takes about 8 hours, which roughly saves at least 20 hours.
[0021] 3) The present invention adopts a hoisting and flipping mechanism to achieve free flipping.
[0022] 4) The present invention introduces the plane datum and the circle datum of the part to the device, which can ensure the consistency of the processing datum and the measurement datum.
[0023] 5) The present invention tightens the parts by means of a top ring and a clamping ring, thereby preventing the parts from being unable to be machined due to looseness.
[0024] 6) Improve assembly quality: After using the process solution equipped with preload tooling, the first-time pass rate of unit assembly dimensions increased from 20% to more than 95%.
[0025] 7) Reduce the rework rate: When the preload tooling is not used, the blades will shake after the initial assembly, which will cause the car hook and honeycomb grinding processes to fail to proceed normally. There is also a risk of tool breakage, and the components also need to be reworked. After using the preload tooling, the support rods of the tooling can solve the problem of blade shaking back and forth, improve the quality of parts assembly and machining, stabilize on-site processing, and greatly improve assembly efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
[0027] Figure 2 It is the front view of the structure of the present invention.
[0028] Figure 3 It is the left view of the structure of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the support member.
[0030] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting and flipping mechanism.
[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the chassis structure.
[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper plate.
[0033] Figure 8 For parts drawing.
[0034] Description of reference numerals: 1, chassis; 2, positioning ring; 3, support ring; 4, upper plate; 5, clamping ring; 6, support member; 7, positioning shaft; 8, support pillar; 9, support plate; 10, alignment block; 11, lifting and turning mechanism; 12, top ring; 13, measuring frame; 14, lifting device;
[0035] 6-1, adjusting support block; 6-2, ejector rod; 6-3, adjusting rod; 6-4, ejector head; 6-5, rotating hexagonal head; 6-6, rotating shaft; 6-7, guide pin; 6-8, anti-rotation pin; 6-9, spherical bearing;
[0036] 11-1, L-shaped groove; 11-2, rotating sleeve; 11-3, spring; 11-4, stop pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.
[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0039] A preload device for assembling a high-vortex casing assembly of the present invention pushes the blades toward the rear end, matches the parameters of the engine operating state according to the assembly structure, and performs a simulated test run. The core part of the preload tooling - the support member simulates the aerodynamic load when the engine is running, and the assembly and subsequent machining processes are performed under the intervention of the support member.
[0040] The specific structure includes a chassis 1, an upper plate 4, a measuring frame 13 and a sling 14; the upper plate 4 is arranged on the upper part of the chassis 1 through four pillars 8, and 36 support members 6 are arranged around the inner ring surface of the chassis 1. Two cross-shaped support plates 9 are arranged in the bottom ring of the chassis 1, and a measuring frame 13 is arranged at the upper center of the two support plates 9. One end of each support plate 9 is fixedly connected to the chassis 1 by bolts, and the other end is fixedly connected to the measuring frame 13 by bolts. The two symmetrical pillars 8 are respectively connected with a hoisting and flipping mechanism 11 through a positioning shaft 7, and the flipping of the parts is realized by the hoisting and flipping mechanism 11, such as Figure 1-Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown.
[0041] As an implementation method in this embodiment, the support member 6 includes an adjustment support block 6-1, a top rod 6-2, an adjustment rod 6-3 and a top head 6-4. Figure 4As shown; the push rod 6-2 and the adjustment rod 6-3 are set in the oblique through hole in the adjustment support block 6-1 through threaded connection, and the angle of the oblique through hole in the adjustment support block 6-1 is 5-10°, and 5-10° can ensure that the parts are in a certain position; the bottom of the adjustment rod 6-3 is provided with a rotating hexagonal head 6-5, the push rod 6-2 extends out of the adjustment support block 6-1, and the top is movably connected with the push head 6-4 through the rotating shaft 6-6 and the joint bearing 6-9, and the two sides of the adjustment support block 6-1 are relatively provided with guide pins 6-7 to support the adjustment rod 6-3, and the guide pins 6-7 are adjusted to tighten the push rod 6-3; the anti-rotation pin 6-8 ensures that the adjustment rod 6-3 can only move axially upward or downward.
[0042] As an implementation method in this embodiment, the hoisting and flipping mechanism 11 includes a positioning shaft 7, the positioning shaft 7 is vertically arranged with the pillar 8, a rotating sleeve 11-2 is sleeved on the positioning shaft 7, a spring 11-3 is arranged on the rotating sleeve 11-2, an L-shaped groove 11-1 is arranged on the rotating sleeve 11-2, and a stop pin 11-4 is arranged on the positioning shaft 7, and the stop pin 11-4 is clamped in the L-shaped groove 11-1. The present invention adopts a support member to ensure that the blades of the parts only move axially when jacking up, and cannot move circumferentially. The top head 6-4 adopts a V-shaped point contact structure, and the top rod 6-2 is designed to be multi-directional, which only allows upward fan-shaped movement to avoid large-scale movement in the upward vertical direction, and to ensure that the second guide vane will not be damaged to the greatest extent. When the part needs to be turned over, it is only necessary to pull the spring 11-3 of the hoisting turning mechanism outward, and then the entire assembly can be turned over more flexibly. After turning over, release the resistance spring, and the rotating part will be automatically locked because the stop pin 11-4 is stuck in the L-shaped groove 11-1 to prevent further rotation. Figure 5 shown.
[0043] The working method of the present invention is as follows: Figure 8 As shown:
[0044] 1. The component (high-vortex casing unit) is placed on the positioning ring 2 of the chassis 1 and clamped by the top ring 12 and the clamping ring 5 of the upper plate. The support ring 3 of the chassis 1 is supported on the front end surface of the component.
[0045] 2. Assemble the high-vortex casing, a subordinate sub-component of the high-vortex casing unit, onto the preload tooling chassis 1, ensuring that the positioning stop of the chassis 1 and the positioning stop of the casing are in place (there is an interference fit of 0.02-0.05mm here). Tap the upper end face of the casing to ensure that the casing A reference surface and the positioning surface of the chassis 1 fit together. Since the design datums A and B of the high-vortex casing assembly are tightly attached to the fixture, the fixture positioning mechanism transfers the component end face datum A to the upper surface of the fixture alignment block 10, ensuring that the upper surface of the alignment block 10 and the component datum A are on the same plane; the radial datum B and the annular groove of the chassis 1 are ensured to be concentric, and in subsequent mechanical processing, only the annular groove of the chassis 1 and the upper surface of the alignment block 10 are allowed to be aligned for processing, thereby solving the problem that the component datum cannot be directly aligned;
[0046] 3. Install the first-level middle casing assembly onto the high-vortex casing, and ensure that the 18 first-level middle casing assemblies and the positioning ring 2 fit tightly;
[0047] 4. Continue with the subsequent assembly, starting from the front end, and assemble the second guide vane, the second-level middle casing, the rear hook, the upper plate 4 of the preload tooling, and other auxiliary sub-components of the high-vortex casing unit in sequence. The matching relationship between the sub-component rear hook and the upper plate 4 is an interference fit (interference amount 0.09-0.34mm). Finally, use the support 8 to tighten the upper plate 4 and the chassis 1.
[0048] 5. Assemble the 36 guide vane supports 6 one by one into the 36 semicircular grooves of the chassis 1. The positions of the grooves correspond to the assembly positions of the guide vanes. After installing the adjustment support block: rotate the hexagonal head 6-5 to push the tightening screw 6-3 to move upward or downward. There is a guide pin 6-7 at the relative position of the tightening screw 6-3 to ensure that the tightening screw 6-3 can only move axially upward or downward. The tightening screw 6-3 transmits the axial movement to the push rod 6-2. The push rod 6-2 and the push head 6-4 are connected to form a separate structure through the rotating shaft 6-6 and the joint bearing 6-9. Because the joint bearing 6-9 is hemispherical, universal motion can be achieved in the positioning hole of the push rod 6-2. After the push head 6-4 contacts the secondary guide vane, the angle is automatically adjusted according to the force conditions to ensure that the push head 6-4 and the back of the secondary guide vane are tightly fitted. Subsequently, the operator adjusts the tightening hexagonal head 6-5 in the tightening assembly corresponding to each guide vane according to the theoretical data of the component reference A to the guide vane until the requirements are met.
[0049] Lifting and flipping structure
[0050] After the assembly is completed, the upper plate 4 is placed next to the casing assembly and the assembled fixture, and the upper plate 4 is lifted by a crane. After moving to the side of the assembly, the 6 positioning holes on the upper plate 4, the 4 rotating pillars 8, the 2 rotating shafts and the holes on the upper plate 4 are aligned with the 6 positioning bosses, and then tightened with bolts to ensure that the assembly and the fixture are reliably connected. Then, the crane hook is hung in the lifting hole on the hanger 14 to lift the assembly and the fixture.
[0051] When the part needs to be flipped after processing a certain part, the operator pulls the rotating positioning shaft 7 outward by hand, and the spring 11-3 on it pops out, disengaging it from the pin, and flips the fixture and the assembly on the crane. After the assembly rotates 180°, the spring 11-3 is released, and the rotating sleeve 11-2 is pressed back by the spring 11-3, so that the pin is inserted into the groove of the rotating sleeve 11-2, completing the flipping of the workpiece.
[0052] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A preload device for assembling a high-vortex casing assembly, characterized in that: It comprises a chassis (1), an upper plate (4), a measuring frame (13) and a sling (14); The upper plate (4) is arranged on the upper part of the chassis (1) via a plurality of pillars (8); 36 support members (6) are arranged around the inner ring surface of the chassis (1); two cross-shaped support plates (9) are arranged in the bottom ring of the chassis (1); a measuring frame (13) is arranged at the upper center of the two support plates (9); and a lifting and turning mechanism (11) is connected to the two symmetrical pillars (8) via positioning shafts (7), respectively, and the lifting and turning mechanism (11) is used to realize the turning of the parts.
2. A preload device for assembling a high vortex casing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support member (6) comprises an adjustment support block (6-1), a push rod (6-2), an adjustment rod (6-3) and a push head (6-4); the push rod (6-2) and the adjustment rod (6-3) are connected by threads and arranged in an oblique through hole in the adjustment support block (6-1); a rotating hexagonal head (6-5) is arranged at the bottom of the adjustment rod (6-3); the push rod (6-2) extends out of the adjustment support block (6-1); the push rod (6-2) and the push head (6-4) are movably connected via a rotating shaft (6-6) and a joint bearing (6-9); guide pins (6-7) are arranged on opposite sides of the adjustment support block (6-1) to support the adjustment rod (6-3), and the guide pins (6-7) are adjusted to tighten the adjustment rod; and an anti-rotation pin (6-8) ensures that the adjustment rod (6-3) can only move axially upward or downward.
3. A preload device for assembling a high-vortex casing assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hoisting and turning mechanism (11) comprises a positioning shaft (7), a rotating sleeve (11-2) is sleeved on the positioning shaft (7), a spring (11-3) is wound around the rotating sleeve (11-2), an L-shaped groove (11-1) is provided on the rotating sleeve (11-2), and a stop pin (11-4) is provided on the positioning shaft (7), the stop pin (11-4) is clamped in the L-shaped groove (11-1), and by sliding in the L-shaped groove (11-1), the positioning shaft (7) drives the parts to rotate.
4. A preload device for assembling a high vortex casing assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top head (6-4) is V-shaped.
5. A preload device for assembling a high vortex casing assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning shaft (7) and the support (8) are arranged perpendicularly.
6. A preload device for assembling a high-vortex casing assembly according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The angle of the oblique through hole in the adjusting support block (6-1) is 5-10°.
7. A preload device for assembling a high vortex casing assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of each support plate (9) is fixedly connected to the chassis (1) via bolts, and the other end is fixedly connected to the measuring frame (13) via bolts.
8. A preload device for assembling a high-vortex casing assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The support plate (9) and the measuring frame (13) are connected via screws.
9. A preload device for assembling a high-vortex casing assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: There are four pillars (8).