Preparation method of tea planting nutrient solution

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biotechnology and plant nutrition, and particularly discloses a preparation method of a tea planting nutrient solution. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing and dissolving a plant composite microcapsule, a fermented silkworm excrement leaching solution, a metal inorganic substance, an anti-freezing agent and indolebutyric acid into water, and uniformly dispersing to obtain a nutrient solution; wherein the plant composite microcapsule is prepared by mixing and extracting coarse powder of honeysuckle, garlic, melia azedarach and fructus forsythiae, combining with a carrageenan solution and a chitosan acid solution, and dropwise adding into a calcium chloride solution for reaction; the fermented silkworm excrement leachate is obtained by fermenting silkworm excrement through bacillus subtilis. According to the prepared tea planting nutrient solution, through the synergistic effect of various components, rich nutrition can be provided for tea, growth and development of the tea can be promoted, the disease resistance and cold resistance of the tea can be enhanced, and therefore the yield and quality of the tea are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the fields of biotechnology and plant nutrition technology, and more specifically, to a method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution. Background Art

[0002] Tea, rich in tea polyphenols, amino acids, vitamins, minerals and other nutrients, is not only beneficial to human health, but its unique flavor and quality are also deeply favored by consumers. With the continuous growth of tea market demand, the scale of tea planting continues to expand, but the use of traditional planting methods for long-term continuous cropping will lead to an imbalance of nutrients in the soil, a reduction in beneficial microbial communities, a decline in soil fertility, and soil impoverishment. At the same time, conventional fertilization methods are difficult to accurately meet the needs of tea trees for various nutrients at different growth stages, resulting in prominent nutritional imbalance problems. In addition, in the face of pests and diseases, tea trees themselves have weak disease resistance. Excessive reliance on pesticides not only increases costs, but also easily causes excessive pesticide residues, endangering the environment and human health.

[0003] In order to solve the dilemma of traditional planting, tea planting nutrient solution is widely used. In theory, the nutrient solution can accurately allocate nutrients according to the growth needs of tea trees, improve the soil microecological environment, and enhance the growth potential and stress resistance of tea trees. However, the nutrient solution currently on the market has obvious defects. Most products have a single ingredient and only supplement some of the main nutrients. They cannot meet the complex nutritional needs of tea trees and are difficult to promote the growth and development of tea in an all-round way. And when dealing with special environmental stresses, such as low temperature frost damage, the antifreeze performance of existing nutrient solutions is poor, and tea trees cannot be effectively protected from frost damage. In addition, some nutrient solutions have limited effects on promoting the development of tea tree roots, and cannot provide a solid foundation for the stable growth of tea trees, thereby limiting the further improvement of tea yield and quality. Therefore, the present invention provides a method for preparing a nutrient solution for tea planting to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution. The prepared tea planting nutrient solution can provide rich nutrition for tea leaves through the synergistic effect of multiple components, promote its growth and development, and enhance the disease resistance and cold resistance of tea leaves, thereby effectively improving the yield and quality of tea leaves. The present invention provides a method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution, which adopts the following technical scheme: A method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Preparation of plant composite microcapsules: S11, mixing honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry and forsythia, grinding into coarse powder, dispersing the coarse powder in water, stirring continuously at 75-85° C. for 1-3 hours, and filtering to obtain a plant composite extract; S12, dispersing carrageenan in water, stirring continuously at 70-80° C. for 8-12 min to obtain a carrageenan solution, and cooling for later use; S13, dissolving chitosan and acetic acid in water, adding the plant composite extract and carrageenan solution and stirring evenly, ultrasonically treating for 15-20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution, adding the mixed solution dropwise to the calcium chloride solution under stirring, reacting for 40-50 minutes, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain plant composite microcapsules; S2, preparing fermented silkworm excrement extract: After crushing the silkworm excrement, adding brown sugar and water, stirring evenly, inoculating Bacillus subtilis, adjusting the pH to neutral, fermenting at 30-35°C for 80-95h, and filtering to obtain the fermented silkworm excrement extract; S3, preparing tea planting nutrient solution: Plant composite microcapsules, fermented silkworm excrement extract, metal inorganic substances, antifreeze agents and indolebutyric acid are added into water, and the mixture is stirred and evenly dispersed to obtain tea planting nutrient solution.

[0005] Preferably, in step S11, the mass ratio of honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry, forsythia and water is 15-20:6-9:10-12:4-6:80-100.

[0006] Preferably, the mass fraction of the carrageenan solution in step S12 is 3-5%.

[0007] Preferably, in step S13, the components by weight include 4-6 parts of chitosan, 0.8-1.2 parts of acetic acid, 10-13 parts of water, 5-8 parts of plant composite extract, 2-5 parts of carrageenan solution and 7-10 parts of calcium chloride solution.

[0008] Preferably, in step S2, the mass ratio of silkworm excrement, brown sugar and water is 15-20:1-3:75-80, and the inoculation amount of Bacillus subtilis is 2-4% of the total volume of the mixture.

[0009] Preferably, in step S3, the metal inorganic substance consists of 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.08-0.12 parts of sodium molybdate, 2-5 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.3-0.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-5 parts of superphosphate and 0.6-0.8 parts of sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate, by mass.

[0010] Preferably, the antifreeze agent in step S3 is at least one of betaine, proline and mannitol.

[0011] Preferably, the step S3 comprises, by weight, 12-15 parts of plant composite microcapsules, 22-25 parts of fermented silkworm excrement extract, 3-5 parts of metal inorganic substances, 2-4 parts of antifreeze agents, 0.2-0.5 parts of indolebutyric acid and 55-60 parts of water.

[0012] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The tea planting nutrient solution of the present invention is prepared by dissolving plant composite microcapsules, fermented silkworm excrement leaching solution with metal inorganic substances, antifreeze agents and indolebutyric acid in water and uniformly dispersing them. After the plant composite microcapsules are applied to the soil, they can slowly release effective ingredients, provide nutrients for the entire growth cycle of the tea tree, inhibit harmful microorganisms, reduce diseases, and their natural defense mechanism can also reduce dependence on chemical pesticides and reduce environmental pollution. The dominant flora in the fermented silkworm excrement leaching solution can increase the soil aggregate structure, make the soil loose and breathable, be beneficial to the growth and breathing of the tea tree root system, and provide necessary nutrition for the growth of the tea tree, promoting its growth and development. The metal inorganic substances can supplement the trace elements required for the growth of the tea tree and participate in a variety of physiological metabolisms. The antifreeze agent enhances the cold resistance of the tea tree at low temperatures and reduces the impact of freezing damage. As a plant growth regulator, indolebutyric acid can promote the growth of the tea tree root system and enhance the absorption of nutrients by the root system. These components cooperate with each other to create a good growth environment for the tea tree, and realize the synergistic effects of nutrient supply, pest control and growth regulation. The use of chelated iron in metal inorganic substances can provide tea trees with a stable and easily absorbable source of iron, effectively preventing and improving problems such as chlorosis caused by iron deficiency in tea trees, and ensuring the normal physiological metabolism and photosynthesis of tea trees.

[0013] 2. The plant composite microcapsules in the present invention are prepared by mixing and extracting the crude powder of honeysuckle, garlic, neem and forsythia, combining with carrageenan solution and chitosan acid solution, and then dropping into a calcium chloride solution for reaction. These plant extracts are encapsulated in microcapsules, and these natural ingredients are protected to prevent rapid degradation and loss. When the microcapsules are applied to the soil, the internal effective ingredients will be gradually released according to environmental conditions, ensuring that the tea tree can obtain a continuous and stable nutrient supply throughout the growth cycle; at the same time, the above-mentioned plants contain a variety of secondary metabolites with antibacterial and antifungal properties, which can inhibit the reproduction of pathogens in the soil and reduce the risk of tea trees contracting diseases. Carrageenan has good viscosity and gel properties after being dissolved in water at a certain temperature and is negatively charged. Chitosan is dissolved in an acidic solution with a positive charge. When the two are mixed, a polyelectrolyte complex reaction occurs due to electrostatic action, forming a composite membrane structure with excellent strength and stability, which can effectively encapsulate the plant extract components and avoid premature loss or failure during preparation and storage.

[0014] 3. The fermented silkworm excrement extract of the present invention is obtained by fermenting silkworm excrement with Bacillus subtilis. The silkworm excrement is rich in protein, cellulose, minerals, etc. Under the fermentation of Bacillus subtilis, these substances are converted into a form that is easily absorbed by tea trees, meeting the needs of tea trees at various growth stages and laying a solid foundation for their thriving growth. Bacillus subtilis secretes a large amount of sticky substances such as extracellular polysaccharides during growth and reproduction, which prompts soil particles to form a stable aggregate structure. The increase in the aggregate structure increases the porosity of the soil, allowing air and water to enter the soil more smoothly, providing a good growth environment for the roots of tea trees. The roots can better stretch and absorb nutrients in such loose and breathable soil. At the same time, the improvement of the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity also reduces nutrient loss and improves fertilizer utilization. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the experimental materials used are purchased from conventional biochemical reagent stores unless otherwise specified. The quantitative tests in the following examples were repeated three times, and the data are the average or average ± standard deviation of the three repeated experiments.

[0017] Example 1 A method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Preparation of plant composite microcapsules: S11, mixing honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry and forsythia, grinding into coarse powder, dispersing the coarse powder in water, controlling the stirring rate to 200 rpm, stirring continuously at 75° C. for 3 h, and filtering to obtain a plant composite extract, wherein the mass ratio of honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry, forsythia and water is 15:6:10:4:80; S12, dispersing carrageenan in water, stirring continuously at 70° C. for 12 min to obtain a 3% carrageenan solution, and cooling for later use; S13, by weight, dissolving 4 parts of chitosan and 0.8 parts of acetic acid in 10 parts of water, adding 5 parts of plant composite extract and 2 parts of carrageenan solution and stirring evenly, ultrasonically treating at 45kHz for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution, controlling the stirring rate to 150rpm, and adding the mixed solution dropwise to 7 parts of 2-3% calcium chloride solution under stirring, and completing the addition within 7 minutes. After reacting for 50 minutes, centrifugation, washing and drying were performed to obtain plant composite microcapsules; S2, preparing fermented silkworm excrement extract: After crushing the silkworm excrement in a mass ratio of 15:1:75, brown sugar and water were added, and the mixture was stirred evenly and inoculated with Bacillus subtilis, wherein the inoculation amount of Bacillus subtilis was 2-4% of the total volume of the mixture, and the pH was adjusted to neutral. After fermentation at 30°C for 95h, the fermented silkworm excrement extract was filtered to obtain the extract; S3, preparing tea planting nutrient solution: By weight, 12 parts of plant composite microcapsules, 22 parts of fermented silkworm feces extract, 3 parts of metal inorganic substances, 2 parts of mannitol and 0.2 parts of indolebutyric acid are added to 55 parts of water, and after stirring and evenly dispersing, a nutrient solution for tea planting is obtained, wherein the metal inorganic substance consists of 1 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.08 parts of sodium molybdate, 2 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.3 parts of zinc sulfate, 1 part of superphosphate and 0.6 parts of sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate.

[0018] Example 2 A method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Preparation of plant composite microcapsules: S11, mixing honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry and forsythia, grinding into coarse powder, dispersing the coarse powder in water, controlling the stirring rate to 220 rpm, stirring continuously at 78° C. for 2.8 h, and filtering to obtain a plant composite extract, wherein the mass ratio of honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry, forsythia and water is 16:7:11:5:90; S12, dispersing carrageenan in water, stirring continuously at 72° C. for 10 min to obtain a carrageenan solution with a mass fraction of 3.5%, and cooling for later use; S13, by weight, dissolving 5 parts of chitosan and 1 part of acetic acid in 12 parts of water, adding 6 parts of plant composite extract and 3 parts of carrageenan solution and stirring evenly, treating with ultrasound at 46kHz for 18 minutes to obtain a mixed solution, controlling the stirring rate to 160rpm, adding the mixed solution dropwise to 8 parts of 2.5% calcium chloride solution under stirring, and completing the addition within 9 minutes. After reacting for 48 minutes, centrifugation, washing and drying were performed to obtain plant composite microcapsules; S2, preparing fermented silkworm excrement extract: After crushing the silkworm excrement in a mass ratio of 17:2:76, brown sugar and water were added, and the mixture was stirred evenly and inoculated with Bacillus subtilis, wherein the inoculation amount of Bacillus subtilis was 3% of the total volume of the mixture, and the pH was adjusted to neutral. After fermentation at 32°C for 93h, the fermented silkworm excrement extract was filtered to obtain the extract; S3, preparing tea planting nutrient solution: By weight, 13 parts of plant composite microcapsules, 23 parts of fermented silkworm feces extract, 4 parts of metal inorganic substances, 3 parts of proline and 0.3 parts of indolebutyric acid are added to 57 parts of water, and after stirring and evenly dispersing, a nutrient solution for tea planting is obtained, wherein the metal inorganic substance consists of 2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.09 parts of sodium molybdate, 3 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.4 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of superphosphate and 0.7 parts of sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate.

[0019] Example 3 A method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Preparation of plant composite microcapsules: S11, mixing honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry and forsythia, grinding into coarse powder, dispersing the coarse powder in water, controlling the stirring rate to 240 rpm, stirring continuously for 1 hour at 85° C., and filtering to obtain a plant composite extract, wherein the mass ratio of honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry, forsythia and water is 20:9:12:6:100; S12, dispersing carrageenan in water, stirring continuously at 80° C. for 8 min to obtain a carrageenan solution with a mass fraction of 5%, and cooling for later use; S13, by weight, dissolving 6 parts of chitosan and 1.2 parts of acetic acid in 13 parts of water, adding 8 parts of plant composite extract and 5 parts of carrageenan solution and stirring evenly, ultrasonically treating at 50kHz for 15 minutes to obtain a mixed solution, controlling the stirring rate to 200rpm, and adding the mixed solution dropwise to 10 parts of 3% calcium chloride solution under stirring, and completing the addition within 12 minutes. After reacting for 40 minutes, centrifugally washing and drying to obtain plant composite microcapsules; S2, preparing fermented silkworm excrement extract: The silkworm excrement was crushed in a mass ratio of 20:3:80, brown sugar and water were added, and the mixture was stirred evenly and inoculated with Bacillus subtilis, the inoculation amount of Bacillus subtilis was 4% of the total volume of the mixture, the pH was adjusted to neutral, and the mixture was fermented at 35°C for 80 hours and then filtered to obtain the fermented silkworm excrement extract; S3, preparing tea planting nutrient solution: By weight, 15 parts of plant composite microcapsules, 25 parts of fermented silkworm feces extract, 5 parts of metal inorganic substances, 4 parts of betaine and 0.5 parts of indolebutyric acid are added to 60 parts of water, and after stirring and evenly dispersing, a nutrient solution for tea planting is obtained, wherein the metal inorganic substance consists of 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.12 parts of sodium molybdate, 5 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of superphosphate and 0.8 parts of sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate.

[0020] Example 4 A method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Preparation of plant composite microcapsules: S11, mixing honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry and forsythia, grinding into coarse powder, dispersing the coarse powder in water, controlling the stirring rate to 240 rpm, stirring continuously at 85° C. for 1.5 h, and filtering to obtain a plant composite extract, wherein the mass ratio of honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry, forsythia and water is 20:8:12:5:100; S12, dispersing carrageenan in water, stirring continuously at 80° C. for 10 min to obtain a 4% carrageenan solution, and cooling for later use; S13, by weight, dissolving 6 parts of chitosan and 1 part of acetic acid in 12 parts of water, adding 8 parts of plant composite extract and 4 parts of carrageenan solution and stirring evenly, treating with ultrasound at 50kHz for 18 minutes to obtain a mixed solution, controlling the stirring rate to 180rpm, adding the mixed solution dropwise to 8 parts of 2.5% calcium chloride solution under stirring, and completing the addition within 10 minutes. After reacting for 45 minutes, centrifugation, washing and drying were performed to obtain plant composite microcapsules; S2, preparing fermented silkworm excrement extract: After crushing the silkworm excrement in a mass ratio of 20:2:75, brown sugar and water were added, and the mixture was stirred evenly and inoculated with Bacillus subtilis, wherein the inoculation amount of Bacillus subtilis was 3% of the total volume of the mixture, and the pH was adjusted to neutral. After fermentation at 32°C for 92h, the fermented silkworm excrement extract was filtered to obtain the extract; S3, preparing tea planting nutrient solution: By weight, 15 parts of plant composite microcapsules, 25 parts of fermented silkworm feces extract, 4 parts of metal inorganic substances, 2 parts of betaine and 0.4 parts of indolebutyric acid are added to 58 parts of water, and after stirring and evenly dispersing, a nutrient solution for tea planting is obtained, wherein the metal inorganic substance consists of 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1 parts of sodium molybdate, 4 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of superphosphate and 0.7 parts of sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate.

[0021] Comparative Example 1 A method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Preparation of plant compound extract: Mix honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry and forsythia, grind into coarse powder, disperse the coarse powder in water, control the stirring rate to 240 rpm, stir continuously for 1.5 hours at 85°C, and then filter to obtain a plant composite extract, wherein the mass ratio of honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry, forsythia and water is 20:8:12:5:100; S2, preparing fermented silkworm excrement extract: After crushing the silkworm excrement in a mass ratio of 20:2:75, brown sugar and water were added, and the mixture was stirred evenly and inoculated with Bacillus subtilis, wherein the inoculation amount of Bacillus subtilis was 3% of the total volume of the mixture, and the pH was adjusted to neutral. After fermentation at 32°C for 92h, the fermented silkworm excrement extract was filtered to obtain the extract; S3, preparing tea planting nutrient solution: By weight, 15 parts of plant composite extract, 25 parts of fermented silkworm feces extract, 4 parts of metal inorganic matter, 2 parts of betaine and 0.4 parts of indolebutyric acid are added to 58 parts of water, and after stirring and evenly dispersing, a tea planting nutrient solution is obtained, wherein the metal inorganic matter consists of 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1 parts of sodium molybdate, 4 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of superphosphate and 0.7 parts of sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate.

[0022] Comparative Example 2 A method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Preparation of plant composite microcapsules: S11, mixing honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry and forsythia, grinding into coarse powder, dispersing the coarse powder in water, controlling the stirring rate to 240 rpm, stirring continuously at 85° C. for 1.5 h, and filtering to obtain a plant composite extract, wherein the mass ratio of honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry, forsythia and water is 20:8:12:5:100; S13, by weight, dissolving 6 parts of chitosan and 1 part of acetic acid in 12 parts of water, adding 8 parts of plant composite extract and stirring evenly, ultrasonically treating at 50kHz for 18 minutes to obtain a mixed solution, controlling the stirring rate to 180rpm, and adding the mixed solution dropwise to 8 parts of 2.5% calcium chloride solution under stirring, and completing the addition within 10 minutes. After reacting for 45 minutes, centrifugally washing and drying to obtain plant composite microcapsules; S2, preparing fermented silkworm excrement extract: After crushing the silkworm excrement in a mass ratio of 20:2:75, brown sugar and water were added, and the mixture was stirred evenly and inoculated with Bacillus subtilis, wherein the inoculation amount of Bacillus subtilis was 3% of the total volume of the mixture, and the pH was adjusted to neutral. After fermentation at 32°C for 92h, the fermented silkworm excrement extract was filtered to obtain the extract; S3, preparing tea planting nutrient solution: By weight, 15 parts of plant composite microcapsules, 25 parts of fermented silkworm feces extract, 4 parts of metal inorganic substances, 2 parts of betaine and 0.4 parts of indolebutyric acid are added to 58 parts of water, and after stirring and evenly dispersing, a nutrient solution for tea planting is obtained, wherein the metal inorganic substance consists of 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1 parts of sodium molybdate, 4 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of superphosphate and 0.7 parts of sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate.

[0023] Comparative Example 3 A method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Preparation of plant composite microcapsules: S11, mixing honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry and forsythia, grinding into coarse powder, dispersing the coarse powder in water, controlling the stirring rate to 240 rpm, stirring continuously at 85° C. for 1.5 h, and filtering to obtain a plant composite extract, wherein the mass ratio of honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry, forsythia and water is 20:8:12:5:100; S12, by weight, dispersing 6 parts of carrageenan in 12 parts of water, stirring continuously at 80°C for 10 minutes, and then cooling to obtain a carrageenan solution, adding 8 parts of plant composite extract and stirring evenly, ultrasonically treating at 50kHz for 18 minutes to obtain a mixed solution, controlling the stirring rate to 180rpm, and adding the mixed solution dropwise to 8 parts of 2.5% calcium chloride solution under stirring, and completing the addition within 10 minutes. After reacting for 45 minutes, centrifugally washing and drying to obtain plant composite microcapsules; S2, preparing fermented silkworm excrement extract: After crushing the silkworm excrement in a mass ratio of 20:2:75, brown sugar and water were added, and the mixture was stirred evenly and inoculated with Bacillus subtilis, wherein the inoculation amount of Bacillus subtilis was 3% of the total volume of the mixture, and the pH was adjusted to neutral. After fermentation at 32°C for 92h, the fermented silkworm excrement extract was filtered to obtain the extract; S3, preparing tea planting nutrient solution: By weight, 15 parts of plant composite microcapsules, 25 parts of fermented silkworm feces extract, 4 parts of metal inorganic substances, 2 parts of betaine and 0.4 parts of indolebutyric acid are added to 58 parts of water, and after stirring and evenly dispersing, a nutrient solution for tea planting is obtained, wherein the metal inorganic substance consists of 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1 parts of sodium molybdate, 4 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of superphosphate and 0.7 parts of sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate.

[0024] Comparative Example 4 A method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Preparation of plant composite microcapsules: S11, mixing honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry and forsythia, grinding into coarse powder, dispersing the coarse powder in water, controlling the stirring rate to 240 rpm, stirring continuously at 85° C. for 1.5 h, and filtering to obtain a plant composite extract, wherein the mass ratio of honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry, forsythia and water is 20:8:12:5:100; S12, dispersing carrageenan in water, stirring continuously at 80° C. for 10 min to obtain a 4% carrageenan solution, and cooling for later use; S13, by weight, dissolving 6 parts of chitosan and 1 part of acetic acid in 12 parts of water, adding 8 parts of plant composite extract and 4 parts of carrageenan solution and stirring evenly, treating with ultrasound at 50kHz for 18 minutes to obtain a mixed solution, controlling the stirring rate to 180rpm, adding the mixed solution dropwise to 8 parts of 2.5% calcium chloride solution under stirring, and completing the addition within 10 minutes. After reacting for 45 minutes, centrifugation, washing and drying were performed to obtain plant composite microcapsules; S2, preparing fermented silkworm excrement extract: After crushing the silkworm excrement in a mass ratio of 20:2:75, brown sugar and water were added, stirred evenly, the pH was adjusted to neutral, and fermented at 32°C for 92h before filtering to obtain the fermented silkworm excrement extract; S3, preparing tea planting nutrient solution: By weight, 15 parts of plant composite microcapsules, 25 parts of fermented silkworm feces extract, 4 parts of metal inorganic substances, 2 parts of betaine and 0.4 parts of indolebutyric acid are added to 58 parts of water, and after stirring and evenly dispersing, a nutrient solution for tea planting is obtained, wherein the metal inorganic substance consists of 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1 parts of sodium molybdate, 4 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of superphosphate and 0.7 parts of sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate.

[0025] Comparative Example 5 A method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Preparation of plant composite microcapsules: S11, mixing honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry and forsythia, grinding into coarse powder, dispersing the coarse powder in water, controlling the stirring rate to 240 rpm, stirring continuously at 85° C. for 1.5 h, and filtering to obtain a plant composite extract, wherein the mass ratio of honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry, forsythia and water is 20:8:12:5:100; S12, dispersing carrageenan in water, stirring continuously at 80° C. for 10 min to obtain a 4% carrageenan solution, and cooling for later use; S13, by weight, dissolving 6 parts of chitosan and 1 part of acetic acid in 12 parts of water, adding 8 parts of plant composite extract and 4 parts of carrageenan solution and stirring evenly, treating with ultrasound at 50kHz for 18 minutes to obtain a mixed solution, controlling the stirring rate to 180rpm, adding the mixed solution dropwise to 8 parts of 2.5% calcium chloride solution under stirring, and completing the addition within 10 minutes. After reacting for 45 minutes, centrifugation, washing and drying were performed to obtain plant composite microcapsules; S2, preparing fermented silkworm excrement extract: After crushing the silkworm excrement in a mass ratio of 20:2:75, brown sugar and water were added, and the mixture was stirred evenly and inoculated with Bacillus subtilis, wherein the inoculation amount of Bacillus subtilis was 3% of the total volume of the mixture, and the pH was adjusted to neutral. After fermentation at 32°C for 92h, the fermented silkworm excrement extract was filtered to obtain the extract; S3, preparing tea planting nutrient solution: By weight, 15 parts of plant composite microcapsules, 25 parts of fermented silkworm feces extract and 4 parts of metal inorganic substances are added to 58 parts of water, and after stirring and evenly dispersing, a nutrient solution for tea planting is obtained, wherein the metal inorganic substance consists of 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1 parts of sodium molybdate, 4 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of superphosphate and 0.7 parts of sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate.

[0026] Comparative Example 6 A method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Preparation of plant composite microcapsules: S11, mixing honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry and forsythia, grinding into coarse powder, dispersing the coarse powder in water, controlling the stirring rate to 240 rpm, stirring continuously at 85° C. for 1.5 h, and filtering to obtain a plant composite extract, wherein the mass ratio of honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry, forsythia and water is 20:8:12:5:100; S12, dispersing carrageenan in water, stirring continuously at 80° C. for 10 min to obtain a 4% carrageenan solution, and cooling for later use; S13, by weight, dissolving 6 parts of chitosan and 1 part of acetic acid in 12 parts of water, adding 8 parts of plant composite extract and 4 parts of carrageenan solution and stirring evenly, treating with ultrasound at 50kHz for 18 minutes to obtain a mixed solution, controlling the stirring rate to 180rpm, adding the mixed solution dropwise to 8 parts of 2.5% calcium chloride solution under stirring, and completing the addition within 10 minutes. After reacting for 45 minutes, centrifugation, washing and drying were performed to obtain plant composite microcapsules; S2, preparing fermented silkworm excrement extract: After crushing the silkworm excrement in a mass ratio of 20:2:75, brown sugar and water were added, and the mixture was stirred evenly and inoculated with Bacillus subtilis, wherein the inoculation amount of Bacillus subtilis was 3% of the total volume of the mixture, and the pH was adjusted to neutral. After fermentation at 32°C for 92h, the fermented silkworm excrement extract was filtered to obtain the extract; S3, preparing tea planting nutrient solution: By weight, 15 parts of plant composite microcapsules, 25 parts of fermented silkworm feces extract, 4 parts of metal inorganic substances, 2 parts of betaine and 0.4 parts of indolebutyric acid are added to 58 parts of water, and after stirring and evenly dispersing, a tea planting nutrient solution is obtained, wherein the metal inorganic substances are composed of 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1 parts of sodium molybdate, 4 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of superphosphate and 0.7 parts of copper sulfate.

[0027] Performance Testing In the tea planting base, 11 plots of about 0.5 mu were randomly selected from the tea planting area with the same soil, lighting and other conditions, as 10 test groups and 1 control group, and the tea trees planted in these plots were Maofeng tea species. The 10 test groups were sprayed with the tea planting nutrient solution prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-6, and the control group was sprayed with the same amount of commercial nutrient solution. The specific method of use is: the nutrient solution is diluted with water according to a weight ratio of 1:100 to prepare a diluent, and the diluent is sprayed on the leaf surface of the tea plant on the 20th day and the 10th day before the tea is harvested, respectively, and the spraying amount is 30 liters of the diluent per 0.5 mu. The daily management of tea trees in each plot is carried out in a conventional manner, and each group is kept consistent.

[0028] After a growing season, the tea leaves were partially picked, and 100 g of tea leaves from each group were randomly selected as samples. The contents of tea polyphenols and amino acids in the tea leaves were determined by ferric tartrate colorimetry and ninhydrin colorimetry, respectively. The test results are shown in Table 1. After a growing season, the number of tea trees with disease in each group was counted, and the incidence rate was calculated as follows: incidence rate (%) = (number of tea trees with disease / total number of tea trees in the group) × 100. The test results are shown in Table 1. Before the tea trees entered dormancy, the same branches with certain leaves and buds were cut from the tea trees in each experimental group, placed in an artificial climate box at -3°C for 48 hours of low-temperature treatment, and then tested for malondialdehyde content using the thiobarbituric acid colorimetric method. The higher the content, the more serious the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation and the greater the damage to the plants caused by low temperature. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0029] Table 1

[0030] From the results shown in Table 1 above, it can be seen that the comprehensive performance of the tea planting nutrient solution prepared in Examples 1-4 of the present invention is much better than that in Comparative Examples 1-6.

[0031] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution, characterized in that: The method comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Preparation of plant composite microcapsules: S11, mixing honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry and forsythia, grinding into coarse powder, dispersing the coarse powder in water, stirring continuously at 75-85° C. for 1-3 hours, and filtering to obtain a plant composite extract; S12, dispersing carrageenan in water, stirring continuously at 70-80° C. for 8-12 min to obtain a carrageenan solution, and cooling for later use; S13, dissolving chitosan and acetic acid in water, adding the plant composite extract and carrageenan solution and stirring evenly, ultrasonically treating for 15-20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution, adding the mixed solution dropwise to the calcium chloride solution under stirring, reacting for 40-50 minutes, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain plant composite microcapsules; S2, preparing fermented silkworm excrement extract: After crushing the silkworm excrement, adding brown sugar and water, stirring evenly, inoculating Bacillus subtilis, adjusting the pH to neutral, fermenting at 30-35°C for 80-95h, and filtering to obtain the fermented silkworm excrement extract; S3, preparing tea planting nutrient solution: Plant composite microcapsules, fermented silkworm excrement extract, metal inorganic substances, antifreeze agents and indolebutyric acid are added into water, and the mixture is stirred and evenly dispersed to obtain tea planting nutrient solution.

2. The method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S11, the mass ratio of honeysuckle, garlic, chinaberry, forsythia and water is 15-20:6-9:10-12:4-6:80-100.

3. The method for preparing the tea planting nutrient solution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass fraction of the carrageenan solution in step S12 is 3-5%.

4. The method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S13, the components by weight include 4-6 parts of chitosan, 0.8-1.2 parts of acetic acid, 10-13 parts of water, 5-8 parts of plant composite extract, 2-5 parts of carrageenan solution and 7-10 parts of calcium chloride solution.

5. The method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, the mass ratio of silkworm excrement, brown sugar and water is 15-20:1-3:75-80, and the inoculation amount of Bacillus subtilis is 2-4% of the total volume of the mixture.

6. The method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the metal inorganic substance is composed of 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.08-0.12 parts of sodium molybdate, 2-5 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.3-0.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-5 parts of superphosphate and 0.6-0.8 parts of sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate, by weight.

7. The method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antifreeze agent in step S3 is at least one of betaine, proline and mannitol.

8. The method for preparing a tea planting nutrient solution according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the components by weight include 12-15 parts of plant composite microcapsules, 22-25 parts of fermented silkworm excrement extract, 3-5 parts of metal inorganic substances, 2-4 parts of antifreeze agents, 0.2-0.5 parts of indolebutyric acid and 55-60 parts of water.

Images