System and method for moving mined coal body and controlling empty roadways at different layers

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for moving excavated coal and controlling different-position empty roadways, which relate to the technical field of mineral engineering and comprise a fully-communicated low-position empty roadway system, a locally-communicated middle-position empty roadway system and a non-communicated high-position empty roadway system, each of the non-communication high-position empty lane system, the local communication middle-position empty lane system and the full-communication low-position empty lane system comprises a heading unit and a coal conveying belt unit. According to the system and method for moving the excavated coal and controlling the empty roadways at different positions, the excavated coal is directly moved to the empty roadways at different positions, a series of problems caused by additionally purchasing a large number of filling materials are not needed, and the moved coal in the empty roadways is completely mined along with stoping of the working face; and the problems of strong mine pressure appearance and roof disasters when the working face passes through the gob roadway are solved, and the method has very wide and important popularization and application values.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering, and in particular to a system and method for mining coal body migration and controlling empty lanes at different layers. Background Art

[0002] There were certain problems of non-standardized mining in the early coal resources, leaving many empty tunnels. In addition, the development layout also had limitations. The mining of unmined coal or remaining coal resources (such as various coal pillars) faced many difficulties caused by empty tunnels. At present, the reserves of unmined coal resources affected by old empty tunnels are large. During the mining process of the working face, it is often necessary to pass through various old empty tunnels. Before passing the empty tunnel, the distance between the coal pillars between the working face and the empty tunnel gradually decreases, and the stress increase of the coal pillars increases significantly, which is prone to large-scale instability of the coal pillars and even impact ground pressure caused by stress concentration under high stress conditions; during the process of the working face passing the empty tunnel, the suspended top distance in front of the support suddenly increases, and the mine pressure becomes severe. Disasters such as frame crushing and large-scale roof breakage and instability often occur, which poses a great threat to the safe and efficient mining of coal mines and the recovery of remaining coal resources.

[0003] At present, the methods for working faces to pass through empty tunnels mainly include direct passing method, filling material (high water, gangue, paste, etc.) filling method, high-strength support reinforcement method (anchor cable reinforcement, supporting hydraulic support), etc.

[0004] For the direct passing method, the mine pressure on the working face is very severe, and the roof is suspended and broken over a large area, resulting in large-scale pressure frame instability and other mine pressure disasters, which pose a great threat to the normal safety production of the mine. For the filling material filling method, the cost is high and the economic benefit is low, and the mined filling materials need to be transported and washed, which further increases the economic cost and the difficulty of coal washing. For the high-strength support reinforcement method, the mine pressure is severe during the empty tunnel stage. This is not a problem of large deformation of the surrounding rock within a few meters around the empty tunnel, but a problem of large-scale breaking of the roof overlying more than ten meters or even dozens of meters above the empty tunnel. This is not something that can be solved by the support depth and support strength of conventional anchor cables. Therefore, this method has a greater risk and cannot avoid accidents. If more hydraulic supports are placed in the empty tunnel, the effect is better than that of anchor cable support, but the workload of moving the supports is huge and the time is long, which seriously affects normal transportation and production, and cannot completely solve the problem of large-scale pressure from the overburden caused by the connection between the working face and the empty tunnel.

[0005] For thick coal seams and extra-thick coal seams, there are three types of empty roadways. The first is that both the empty roadways and the mining roadways are excavated along the bottom, and the empty roadways and the mining roadways are fully connected, that is, fully connected low-level empty roadways; relative to the mining roadways excavated along the bottom, the empty roadway may be in the middle (partially connected with the mining roadways), that is, partially connected middle-level empty roadways; or it may be in the high position of the coal seam (not connected with the mining roadways, belonging to a concealed empty roadway), that is, unconnected high-level empty roadways; for partially connected middle-level empty roadways and unconnected high-level empty roadways, traditional methods of controlling empty roadways are difficult to implement, such as anchor cable reinforcement method, which cannot be implemented for middle-level and high-level empty roadways.

[0006] It can be seen that the current methods of dealing with empty lanes have great limitations in terms of both economy and control effect, which seriously affects the efficient and rapid passage of empty lanes at the working face, posing a great threat to the construction of green, safe and efficient mines. It is urgent to propose a revolutionary new method that can simultaneously realize the passage of low, middle and high empty lanes at the working face, and achieve good results in terms of control degree, economic benefits and full efficient mining. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for mining coal body migration and controlling empty lanes at different layers, so as to solve the technical, economic and safety difficulties and problems faced by empty lanes at low, medium and high levels of the working face, and realize efficient, economic and safe recovery of coal resources affected by various types of empty lanes.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a mining coal body migration-control different layer empty road system, including a fully connected low-level empty road system, a partially connected middle-level empty road system and a non-connected high-level empty road system, and the non-connected high-level empty road system, the partially connected middle-level empty road system and the fully connected low-level empty road system all include a tunneling unit and a coal conveyor belt unit; The non-connected high-level empty tunnel system and the partially connected middle-level empty tunnel system include crushers, mixers, pumps and cuttable through-layer pipes; The fully connected low-level empty road system includes fully connected low-level empty road anti-collapse components, migration and coal throwing grouting mixing components and fully connected low-level empty road end coal blocking components.

[0009] Preferably, the fully connected low empty tunnel anti-collapse system comprises a cuttable anchor rod, a cuttable tray and a nut, the nut and the cuttable tray are connected to the cuttable anchor rod, and the cuttable anchor rod, the cuttable tray and the nut are installed on the top plate of the fully connected low empty tunnel; The installation methods of cuttable anchor rods are equal length arrangement method and successive length increase method, and the degree of increase is that the length difference between two adjacent cuttable anchor rods is 0.4-1m.

[0010] Preferably, the fully connected low-level empty tunnel end coal blocking component includes a T-shaped blocking rod, double nuts and a blocking net. The blocking net is fixed to the empty tunnel end consolidation area and the top plate and bottom plate by positioning anchor rods and T-shaped blocking rods. The T-shaped blocking rod is connected to the double nuts. A bolt head is provided in the middle of the T-shaped blocking rod, and chain positioning buckles are provided at both ends.

[0011] Preferably, the migration and coal throwing and grouting mixed component includes a coal conveying belt unit in the recovery roadway, a fully connected low-level empty roadway coal conveying belt unit and a coal throwing and grouting composite component; one end of the coal conveying belt unit in the recovery roadway is connected to the heading unit, and the other end is connected to the fully connected low-level empty roadway coal conveying belt unit; The fully connected coal conveyor belt unit in a low-level empty tunnel includes a coal conveyor belt and a coal conveyor belt rotating wheel. The coal conveyor belt rotating wheel is connected to the coal conveyor belt, the coal conveyor belt is connected to the middle support frame and the end support frame, the end support frame is connected to the coal conveyor belt rotating wheel connecting beam, and the coal conveyor belt rotating wheel connecting beam is connected to the coal conveyor belt rotating wheel.

[0012] Preferably, the end support bracket comprises an end support base and an end support bracket vertical rod, the end support bracket vertical rod is provided with a vertical rod fixing ear on the end support vertical rod, the vertical rod fixing ear is connected to the interconnected fixed upper rod, and the interconnected fixed upper rod is connected to the middle support bracket; The middle support frame includes a middle support frame base and a middle support frame vertical rod, the middle support frame is provided with interconnected fixing ears on both sides, the interconnected fixing ears on both sides are connected to the interconnected fixing upper rod, the interconnected fixing upper rod is connected to the interconnected fixing lower rod through a connecting rod, the interconnected fixing lower rod is connected to the end support frame base and the middle support frame base, the middle support frame base and the end support frame base are both provided with rollers at the lower part, and base interconnected fixing ears are provided at both ends, the base interconnected fixing ears on the middle support frame base are both connected to the interconnected fixing lower rod, and the interconnected fixing lower rod is connected to the interconnected fixing upper rod through a connecting rod; One end of the base interconnecting fixing ear on the end support bracket base is connected to the interconnecting fixing lower rod, and the other end is connected to the traction rod. The upper side of the end support bracket base is provided with an upper interconnecting fixing ear, and the upper interconnecting fixing ear is connected to the transfer height adjustment hydraulic cylinder, and the transfer height adjustment hydraulic cylinder is connected to the coal transport belt rotating wheel connecting beam.

[0013] Preferably, the coal throwing grouting composite assembly comprises a coal throwing unit and a grouting consolidation unit, the coal throwing unit comprises a coal throwing machine camera and a coal throwing machine unit, the coal throwing machine unit comprises a coal throwing machine walking mechanism and a coal throwing machine turntable, the coal throwing machine turntable is arranged on the upper part of the coal throwing machine walking mechanism, the coal throwing machine walking mechanism is connected to the fully connected low-level empty lane coal transport belt unit through a traction rod, a coal throwing height adjustment hydraulic cylinder and a coal throwing machine rotating wheel are arranged on the coal throwing machine turntable, the coal throwing machine rotating wheel is connected to the coal throwing machine rotating wheel connecting beam, a coal throwing belt is arranged on the coal throwing machine rotating wheel, the coal throwing machine rotating wheel connecting beam is connected to the coal throwing height adjustment hydraulic cylinder, a position adjustment hydraulic cylinder and an angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder are fixed on the coal throwing height adjustment hydraulic cylinder, the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder is connected to the position adjustment hydraulic cylinder, and the position adjustment hydraulic cylinder is connected to the coal throwing machine camera; The shotcrete consolidation unit includes a slurry conveying pipe and a shotcrete machine. The shotcrete machine is connected to the slurry conveying pipe. The slurry conveying pipe is connected to the upper side shotcrete pipe and the lower side shotcrete pipe. The upper side shotcrete pipe and the lower side shotcrete pipe are fixed to the end of the coal-throwing machine rotating wheel connecting beam through an extended screw rod. The slurry conveying pipe is connected to the coal-throwing machine rotating wheel connecting beam through a fixed hook.

[0014] Preferably, the partially connected middle empty lane system comprises a sealing bag, a blocking beam, a positioning anchor cable and a cuttable through-layer pipe, the cuttable through-layer pipe is connected to the partially connected middle empty lane through a through-layer hole, the end of the partially connected middle empty lane is equipped with a sealing bag, the end of the sealing bag is equipped with a rear blocking beam, and both ends of the blocking beam are connected to the positioning anchor cable; The height and width of the sealed bag section are 10-20cm greater than the height and width of the local connected median empty lane, and the length is 3-5m; The cuttable through-layer pipe is connected to the pumping flexible pipe, the pumping flexible pipe is connected to the pumping machine, the pumping machine is connected to the mixer, the mixer is connected to the crusher, and the crusher is connected to the coal conveyor belt unit.

[0015] A method for mining coal migration and controlling empty lanes at different layers, including an implementation method for a fully connected low-level empty lane system, an implementation method for a partially connected middle-level empty lane system, and an implementation method for a non-connected high-level empty lane system; The implementation method of the fully connected low-level empty lane system includes the following steps: Step 1: After the mining tunnel reveals the fully connected low-level empty roadway, install the cuttable anchor rods, cuttable trays and nuts in groups on the roof of the fully connected low-level empty roadway; Step 2: After the exposed fully connected low-level empty roadway is lagging behind the excavation working face for a certain distance, after ensuring that there is space for the coal conveyor belt unit in the mining roadway, the fully connected low-level empty roadway coal conveyor belt unit and the coal throwing and grouting composite assembly are installed in sequence; Step 3: The coal mined from the working face is transported to the coal conveyor belt unit in the mining roadway through the coal transfer machine in the end transport roadway of the working face or the tunneling unit in the tunneling working face, and then transferred to the coal conveyor belt unit in the low empty roadway. The slurry is sprayed through the coal throwing unit and the grouting consolidation unit, and the coal blocks are sprayed on the upper and lower sides to form a coal block consolidation accumulation area, so as to realize the full connection of the low empty roadway; Step 4: When the coal block consolidation accumulation area is about 5m away from the end of the empty roadway, the amount and intensity of grouting are increased, and the top plate cuttable anchor bolts and the bottom plate cuttable anchor bolts are implemented, and they are inclined about 45° toward the direction of the mining roadway respectively; The retaining net is anchored at the bottom corner of the transition section between the mining tunnel and the empty tunnel by positioning anchor rods; two T-shaped retaining rods are horizontally installed at a distance of 0.6-0.8m and 1.5-1.8m from the bottom plate of the empty tunnel intersection, and the retaining net is pressed at the two sides of the empty tunnel port by positioning anchor cables and tray-fixed chain positioning buckles; Then the middle bolt head of the T-shaped barrier rod is connected to the top plate cuttable anchor rod and the bottom plate cuttable anchor rod through a double nut, and finally pre-tightened to prevent the middle part of the T-shaped barrier rod from bending, and the barrier net is temporarily placed on the high T-shaped barrier rod; Step 5: Repeat step 3 to fill the remaining space at the end of the empty lane; Step 6: The top of the retaining net is anchored at the shoulder angle of the roof of the transition section between the mining tunnel and the empty tunnel by positioning anchor rods, and finally the empty tunnel is closed.

[0016] Preferably, the implementation method of the partially connected middle empty lane system comprises the following steps: Step 1: After the mining tunnel exposes the partially connected middle empty tunnel, a sealing bag is installed at the end of the partially connected middle empty tunnel, a retaining beam is installed in the partially connected area, and both ends are fixed by positioning anchor cables anchored into the sidewall; Step 2: Drill a through hole in the mining tunnel to the partially connected middle empty tunnel, install a cuttable through-layer pipe in the through hole, and the end of the cuttable through-layer pipe reaches the roof of the partially connected middle empty tunnel; Step 3: The coal mined from the working face is transferred to the coal conveyor belt unit in the mining tunnel through the coal transfer machine in the transport tunnel at the end of the working face or the tunneling unit in the tunneling working face. The coal is filled into the sealing bag through the crusher, mixer, pumping machine, and pumping flexible pipe in sequence. After the sealing bag is full, it is closed; Step 4: The coal mined from the working face is transferred to the coal conveyor belt unit in the recovery tunnel through the coal transfer machine in the transport tunnel at the end of the working face or the tunneling unit in the tunneling working face. It passes through the coal conveyor belt unit, crusher, mixer, pump, pumping flexible pipe, cuttable through-layer pipe and partially connected middle empty tunnel in the recovery tunnel. After the partially connected middle empty tunnel is filled, the cuttable through-layer pipe is closed.

[0017] Preferably, the implementation method of the non-connected high-level empty lane system comprises the following steps: Step 1: After the mining roadway passes over the unconnected high-level empty roadway, a through-layer hole is made in the mining roadway toward the unconnected high-level empty roadway; Step 2: Install a cuttable through-layer pipe in the through-layer hole, and the end of the cuttable through-layer pipe reaches the top plate of the unconnected high-level empty lane, and fill the pipe holes with cement slurry or other solid pipes; Step 3: The coal mined from the working face is transferred to the coal conveyor belt unit in the recovery tunnel through the coal transfer machine in the transport tunnel at the end of the working face or the tunneling unit in the tunneling working face, and then passes through the crusher, mixer, pump, pumping flexible pipe and cuttable through-layer pipe in turn to reach the unconnected high-level empty tunnel. After the unconnected high-level empty tunnel is filled, the cuttable through-layer pipe is closed.

[0018] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned system and method for mining coal migration and controlling empty lanes at different layers, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) The coal blocks in the mining tunnel excavation stage are directly transferred to the empty tunnels inside the coal body to be mined. This method does not require long-distance transportation and is convenient and fast. In this way, the excavated coal body does not need to be transported out of the mine for the time being, which is very beneficial to reducing the burden on the coal transportation system.

[0019] (2) The mined coal body is directly transferred to the empty tunnel, and the coal can be mined and transported out of the mine in a unified manner during the mining phase of the working face. This not only avoids wasting any coal resources, but also eliminates the need to purchase a large amount of filling materials. It also eliminates the complicated process of not only transporting the purchased filling materials underground, but also transporting them out of the mine during the mining phase, washing the filling materials, and finally processing the filling materials. The method of the present invention not only greatly saves material costs, but also significantly reduces the burden on the auxiliary transportation system and coal washing.

[0020] (3) The coal throwing machine carries out coal throwing and grouting simultaneously, which is highly efficient and has a simple system. A network of cementation is formed between the coal blocks, which greatly saves the amount of consolidation materials used.

[0021] (4) The coal throwing machine is interconnected with the coal conveyor belt unit, which is powered by the coal throwing machine and easy to operate. A camera is installed on the coal throwing machine to monitor the entire process of coal throwing and grouting, and remote control can be achieved. The grouting machine is placed in the mining tunnel, and personnel do not need to operate in an empty tunnel, which greatly improves safety.

[0022] (5) The roof of the low-level empty roadway is equipped with a group of inclined cuttable anchor rods, which have a good anchor tension on the filled coal body and effectively prevent the filled coal body from collapsing on a large scale under the action of mine pressure when the working face is mined to the empty roadway stage.

[0023] (6) For mid-level and high-level empty tunnels, through-hole drilling, large-diameter protective pipes are installed in the boreholes, and then pumping is used to solve the problem of filling and stabilizing the empty tunnels.

[0024] (7) In thick and extra-thick coal seams, there are a large number of low-level, middle-level and high-level empty tunnels left behind. Traditional methods are difficult to deal with efficiently and economically. The method of the present invention directly utilizes the mined coal body to migrate into the empty tunnel, and can migrate to low-level empty tunnels, middle-level empty tunnels and high-level empty tunnels at the same time. It is not limited by the location and difficulty of the empty tunnels, has extremely wide applicability, good control effect, safety and efficiency, and has excellent economic and social benefits.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic plan view of the coal body migration-control fully connected low-level empty roadway system of the present invention; Figure 2 The invention is a coal body migration-control fully connected low-level empty roadway system ( Figure 1 II) cross-sectional schematic diagram; Figure 3 It is a schematic plan view of the arrangement of the cuttable anchor rods of equal length in the fully connected low-position empty lane of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the arrangement of the cuttable anchor rods of equal length in the fully connected low-position empty lane of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the cuttable anchor rods of equal length and the horizontal layered consolidation zone in the fully connected low-position empty lane of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the cuttable anchor rods of equal length and the inclined layered consolidation zone in the fully connected low-position empty lane of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the progressive length arrangement of the cuttable anchor rods in the fully connected low-level empty lane of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the progressive length arrangement of the cuttable anchor rods and the horizontal layered consolidation zone of the fully connected low-level empty tunnel of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the progressive length arrangement of the cuttable anchor rods and the inclined layered consolidation zone of the fully connected low-position empty tunnel of the present invention; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the coal body migration-control full-connected low-level empty roadway completion of the present invention; Fig.11 for Fig.10 Schematic cross-sectional view of ; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the T-type gear lever of the present invention; Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the T-type gear lever structure of the present invention; Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the coal body migration-control local connected middle empty road system of the present invention; Fig.15Schematic diagram of the coal body migration-control non-connected high-level empty roadway system of the present invention; Reference numerals 1. Coal throwing machine unit; 1a. Coal throwing machine walking mechanism; 1b. Coal throwing machine turntable; 1c. Coal throwing machine rotating wheel; 1d. Coal throwing machine rotating wheel connecting beam; 1e. Coal throwing belt; 1f. Coal throwing height adjustment hydraulic cylinder; 2. Coal throwing machine camera; 2a. Position adjustment hydraulic cylinder; 2b. Angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder; 3. Fixed hook; 4. Shotcrete machine; 4a. Upper side shotcrete pipe; 4b. Lower side shotcrete pipe; 4c. Slurry conveying pipe; 5. Extended screw; 6. Raw coal block; 6a. Upper side shotcrete coal block; 6b. Upper and lower shotcrete coal block; 7. Coal block consolidation and accumulation area; 7a 1. Upper horizontal consolidation accumulation area; 7a2. Middle horizontal consolidation accumulation area; 7a3. Lower horizontal consolidation accumulation area, 7b1. Upper inclined consolidation accumulation area; 7b2. Middle inclined consolidation accumulation area; 7b3. Lower inclined consolidation accumulation area; 8. Fully connected low-level empty roadway coal conveyor belt unit; 8a. Coal conveyor belt rotating wheel; 8b. Coal conveyor belt rotating wheel connecting beam; 8c. End support bracket; 8c1. End support bracket vertical rod; 8cc. End support bracket base; 8d. Coal conveyor belt; 8e. Middle support bracket; 8e1. Middle support bracket vertical rod; 8ee. Middle The base of the support bracket; 8f, interconnected fixed lower rod; 8bb, transfer height adjustment hydraulic cylinder; 8fg, connecting rod; 8g, interconnected fixed upper rod; 8Z, interconnected fixing ears on both sides; 8A, interconnected fixing ears on the base; 8B, rollers; 8S, upper interconnected fixing ears; 8DS, vertical rod fixing ears; 9, traction rod; 10, fully connected low-level empty lane; 11, cuttable anchor rod; 11a, cuttable tray; 11b, nut; 12, excavation working face; 13, excavation unit; 14, coal conveyor belt unit in the mining tunnel; 15, crusher; 16, mixer; 17, pumping machine; 18. Pumping flexible pipe; 19. Cuttable through-layer pipe; 20. Through-layer hole; 21. Mining tunnel; 22. Partially connected middle empty tunnel; 23. Coal seam to be mined; 23a. Working face advancement direction; 24. Sealing bag; 25. Guard beam; 26. Positioning anchor cable; 27. Unconnected high empty tunnel; 28. Positioning anchor rod; 29a. Cuttable anchor rod on top plate; 29b. Cuttable anchor rod on bottom plate; 30. T-type guard rod; 30a. Chain positioning buckle; 30b. Bolt head; 31. Double nut; 32. Guard net; 33. Empty tunnel end consolidation area; 34. Tray. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0029] Example See also Figure 1-15 The present invention provides a system for mining coal body migration and controlling empty lanes at different layers, including a fully connected low-level empty lane system, a partially connected middle-level empty lane system and a non-connected high-level empty lane system. The main process is that the coal mined during excavation or working face passes through the coal conveyor belt unit 14 in the mining lane in sequence, and is first transferred to the belt unit 8 in the fully connected low-level empty lane → coal throwing unit 1 → coal block spraying to fill the fully connected low-level empty lane 10; second, it is transferred to the crusher 15 → mixer 16 → pump 17 → through the through-layer hole 20 and the cuttable through-layer pipe 19 to fill the partially connected middle-level empty lane; third, it is transferred to the crusher 15 → mixer 16 → pump 17 → through the through-layer hole 20 and the cuttable through-layer pipe 19 to fill the non-connected high-level empty lane 27 to realize the mining coal body migration and control the surrounding rocks of the low-level, middle-level and high-level empty lanes.

[0030] The non-connected high-level empty tunnel system and the partially connected middle-level empty tunnel system include a crusher 15 , a mixer 16 , a pump 17 and a cuttable through-layer pipe 19 .

[0031] The fully connected low-level empty road system includes fully connected low-level empty road anti-collapse components, migration and coal throwing grouting mixing components and fully connected low-level empty road end coal blocking components.

[0032] The fully connected low-level empty tunnel anti-collapse system prevents large-scale collapse of accumulated and consolidated coal blocks in the empty tunnel when the empty tunnel is exposed during mining at the working face. The fully connected low-level empty tunnel anti-collapse system includes a cuttable anchor rod 11, a cuttable tray 11a and a nut 11b. The nut 11b and the cuttable tray 11a are both connected to the cuttable anchor rod 11. The cuttable anchor rod 11, the cuttable tray 11a and the nut 11b are all installed on the top plate of the fully connected low-level empty tunnel 10.

[0033] The cuttable anchor rods 11 can be arranged in equal lengths and in succession, that is, they are arranged in succession in the direction 23a of the working face, and the degree of increase is that the length difference between two adjacent cuttable anchor rods 11 should be 0.4-1m. The cuttable anchor rods 11 are installed tilted in the direction of the working face, ƞ is the acute angle between the upper section of the cuttable anchor rods 11 and the top plate, and the top of the cuttable anchor rods 11 is inclined in the direction 23a of the working face and the angle ƞ with the vertical line should be 40-50°. The exposed length of the cuttable anchor rods 11 should be 1-2.5m, and the length anchored to the surrounding rock should be 0.5-1m. For empty tunnels with a width of 4-6m, 2-3 cuttable anchor rods 11 should be arranged in each section, and the row spacing should be 3-6m.

[0034] The length of the long side of the cuttable tray 11a is preferably 10-20 cm.

[0035] The coal blocking component at the end of the fully connected low-level empty tunnel includes a T-shaped guard rod 30, a double-jointed nut 31 and a guard net 32. The guard net 32 ​​is fixed by pressing the top plate and the bottom plate anchor rods 28, and is fixed in the consolidation area 33 at the end of the empty tunnel by two T-shaped guard rods 30. A bolt head 30b is provided in the middle of the T-shaped guard rod 30, and chain positioning buckles 30a are provided at both ends. The T-shaped guard rod 30 is fixed in two ways. One is that the positioning anchor cable 26 and the tray 34 are anchored on both sides of the end of the fully connected low-level empty tunnel 10; the other is that the bolt head 30b is connected and locked with the top plate cuttable anchor rod 29a or the bottom plate cuttable anchor rod 29b through the double-jointed nut 31 to prevent the T-shaped guard rod 30 from deforming greatly into the recovery tunnel 21.

[0036] The grouting amount and concentration of coal blocks within 3-5m of the end of the fully connected low-level empty roadway 10 are increased to prevent the consolidated and accumulated coal blocks from collapsing into the mining roadway 21, thereby achieving double anti-collapse.

[0037] The migration and coal-throwing grouting mixed components include a coal-transporting belt unit 14 in the recovery tunnel, a fully connected coal-transporting belt unit 8 in the low-level empty tunnel, and a coal-throwing grouting composite component; one end of the coal-transporting belt unit 14 in the recovery tunnel is connected to the tunneling unit, and the other end is connected to the fully connected coal-transporting belt unit 8 in the low-level empty tunnel.

[0038] The fully connected coal conveyor belt unit 8 in the low-level empty tunnel includes a coal conveyor belt 8d and a coal conveyor belt rotating wheel 8a. The coal conveyor belt rotating wheel 8a is connected to the coal conveyor belt 8d. The coal conveyor belt 8d is connected to the middle support frame 8e and the end support frame 8c. The end support frame 8c is connected to the coal conveyor belt rotating wheel connecting beam 8b. The coal conveyor belt rotating wheel connecting beam 8b is connected to the coal conveyor belt rotating wheel 8a.

[0039] The end support bracket 8c includes an end support base 8cc and an end support bracket vertical rod 8c1, on which the end support bracket vertical rod 8c1 is provided a vertical rod fixing ear 8DS, the vertical rod fixing ear 8DS is connected to the interconnected fixed upper rod 8g, and the interconnected fixed upper rod 8g is connected to the middle support bracket 8e.

[0040] The middle support bracket 8e includes a middle support bracket base 8ee and a middle support bracket vertical rod 8e1, and the middle support bracket 8e is provided with interconnected fixing ears 8Z on both sides, and the interconnected fixing ears 8Z on both sides are connected to the interconnected fixed upper rod 8g, and the interconnected fixed upper rod 8g is connected to the interconnected fixed lower rod 8f through a connecting rod 8fg, and the end support bracket base 8cc of the interconnected fixed lower rod 8f is connected to the middle support bracket base 8ee, and the lower parts of the middle support bracket base 8ee and the end support bracket base 8cc are both provided with rollers 8B, and base interconnected fixing ears 8A are provided on both ends, and the base interconnected fixing ears 8A on the middle support bracket base 8ee are connected to the interconnected fixed lower rod 8f, and the interconnected fixed lower rod 8f is connected to the interconnected fixed upper rod 8g through a connecting rod 8fg.

[0041] One end of the base interconnecting fixing ear 8A on the end support bracket base 8cc is connected to the interconnecting fixed lower rod 8f, and the other end is connected to the traction rod 9. The upper side of the end support bracket base 8cc is provided with an upper interconnecting fixing ear 8S, and the upper interconnecting fixing ear 8S is connected to the transfer height adjustment hydraulic cylinder 8bb, and the transfer height adjustment hydraulic cylinder 8bb is connected to the coal transport belt rotating wheel connecting beam 8b. The transfer height adjustment hydraulic cylinder 8bb adjusts the elevation angle of the coal transport belt rotating wheel connecting beam 8b, thereby adjusting the coal throwing height.

[0042] A plurality of middle support brackets 8e are provided, and the plurality of middle support brackets 8e are connected by interconnected fixed upper rods 8g and interconnected fixed lower rods 8f, and two connecting rods 8fg are provided between the interconnected fixed lower rods 8f and the interconnected fixed upper rods 8f.

[0043] The coal-throwing grouting composite assembly includes a coal-throwing unit and a grouting consolidation unit. The coal-throwing unit includes a coal-throwing machine camera 2 and a coal-throwing machine unit 1. The coal-throwing machine unit 1 is connected to the fully connected low-level empty tunnel coal transport belt unit 8 through a traction rod 9, and follows the coal-throwing machine unit 1 to facilitate overall movement. The coal-throwing machine unit 1 includes a coal-throwing machine walking mechanism 1a and a coal-throwing machine turntable 1b. The coal-throwing machine turntable 1b is arranged on the upper part of the coal-throwing machine walking mechanism 1a. The coal-throwing machine walking mechanism 1a is connected to the fully connected low-level empty tunnel coal transport belt unit 8 through the traction rod 9. The coal-throwing angle is adjusted by the coal-throwing machine turntable 1b. The coal-throwing height and distance are achieved by adjusting the elevation angle of the coal-throwing machine rotating wheel connecting beam 1d through the coal-throwing height adjustment hydraulic cylinder 1f, and can also be achieved by adjusting the rotation speed of the coal-throwing belt 1e.

[0044] A coal throwing height adjustment hydraulic cylinder 1f and a coal throwing machine rotating wheel 1c are provided on the coal throwing machine turntable 1b. The coal throwing machine rotating wheel 1c is connected to the coal throwing machine rotating wheel connecting beam 1d. A coal throwing belt 1e is provided on the coal throwing machine rotating wheel connecting beam 1d. The coal throwing machine rotating wheel connecting beam 1d is connected to the coal throwing height adjustment hydraulic cylinder 1f. A position adjustment hydraulic cylinder 2a and an angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 2b are fixed on the coal throwing height adjustment hydraulic cylinder 1f. The angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 2b is connected to the position adjustment hydraulic cylinder 2a. The position adjustment hydraulic cylinder 2a is connected to the coal throwing machine camera 2. The position adjustment hydraulic cylinder 2a and the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 2b are fixed on the lower side of the coal throwing height adjustment hydraulic cylinder 1f. The actual position of coal throwing is monitored by the coal throwing machine camera 2 to realize remote safety control.

[0045] The grouting consolidation unit includes a slurry conveying pipe 4c and a grouting machine 4, the grouting machine 4 is connected to the slurry conveying pipe 4c, the slurry conveying pipe 4c is connected to the upper side grouting pipe 4a and the lower side grouting pipe 4b, the upper side grouting pipe 4a and the lower side grouting pipe 4b are fixed to the end of the coal thrower rotating wheel connecting beam 1d through an extension screw 5, the coal thrower rotating wheel connecting beam 1d is connected to the slurry conveying pipe 4c through a fixed hook 3, and the grouting machine 4 is placed in the recovery tunnel 21 for remote and safe operation.

[0046] After the raw coal block 6 leaves the coal throwing belt 1e, it is sprayed onto the raw coal block 6 through the slurry conveying pipe 4c and the upper side spraying pipe 4a and the lower side spraying pipe 4b of the spraying machine 4. The raw coal block 6 is first sprayed through the upper side spraying pipe 4a to form an upper side sprayed coal block 6a, and then continues to be sprayed through the lower side spraying pipe 4b to form an upper and lower sprayed coal block 6b. The upper and lower sprayed coal blocks 6b are sprayed into a coal block consolidation accumulation area 7, realizing the coal throwing-spraying compound, greatly saving slurry, and not causing grouting flow problems, with a good top connection effect.

[0047] There are three types of coal block consolidation accumulation areas 7, one is the equal-strength blasting accumulation consolidation area; the second is the unequal-strength horizontal layered blasting accumulation consolidation area, including the upper horizontal consolidation accumulation area 7a1, the middle horizontal consolidation accumulation area 7a2, and the lower horizontal consolidation accumulation area 7a3; the third is the unequal-strength inclined layered blasting accumulation consolidation area, including the upper inclined consolidation accumulation area 7b1, the middle inclined consolidation accumulation area 7b2, and the lower inclined consolidation accumulation area 7b3. The bottom strength of the unequal-strength blasting accumulation consolidation area is lower than the upper strength, which is achieved by adjusting the grouting amount and grouting concentration of the grouting machine 4.

[0048] The implementation method and steps of mining coal migration-controlling fully connected low-level empty roadway system are as follows: Step 1: After the mining tunnel 21 reveals the fully connected low-level empty tunnel 10, the cuttable anchor rods 11, the cuttable trays 11a, and the nuts 11b are installed in groups on the top plate of the fully connected low-level empty tunnel 10.

[0049] Step 2: After the exposed fully connected low-level empty tunnel 10 lags behind the excavation working face 12 by a certain distance and ensures that there is space for the coal conveyor belt unit 14 in the mining tunnel, the coal throwing unit 1, the fully connected low-level empty tunnel coal conveyor belt unit 8 and the shotcrete machine 4 are installed in sequence.

[0050] Step three: The coal mined from the working face is transferred through the coal transfer machine in the transport tunnel at the end of the working face or the tunneling unit 13 of the tunneling working face 12 → the coal conveyor belt unit 14 in the recovery tunnel → transferred to the coal conveyor belt unit 8 in the fully connected low-level empty tunnel → the coal throwing unit 1 → the grouting machine system sprays slurry → the coal blocks 6b are sprayed both above and below to form a coal block consolidation accumulation area 7, thereby enriching the fully connected low-level empty tunnel 10.

[0051] Step 4: When the coal block consolidation accumulation area 7 is about 5m away from the end of the empty roadway, start to increase the amount and intensity of grouting, implement the top plate cuttable anchor rod 29a and the bottom plate cuttable anchor rod 29b, and tilt them about 45° toward the direction of the mining roadway 21 respectively.

[0052] The retaining net 32 ​​is anchored at the bottom corner of the transition section between the mining tunnel 21 and the empty tunnel by the positioning anchor rod 28; two T-shaped retaining rods 30 are horizontally installed within the range of 0.6-0.8m and 1.5-1.8m from the bottom plate of the empty tunnel intersection, and the chain positioning buckle 30a is fixed to the two sides of the empty tunnel port by the positioning anchor cable 26 and the tray 34 to press the retaining net 32 ​​at the same time.

[0053] Then the bolt head 30b of the T-shaped barrier rod 30 is connected to the top plate cuttable anchor rod 29a and the bottom plate cuttable anchor rod 29b through the double nut 31, and finally pre-tightened to prevent the middle part of the T-shaped barrier rod 30 from bending, and the barrier net 32 ​​is temporarily placed on the high-position T-shaped barrier rod 30.

[0054] Step 5: Repeat step 3 to fill the remaining space at the end of the empty alley.

[0055] Step 6: The top of the retaining net 32 ​​is anchored at the top shoulder angle of the transition section between the mining tunnel 21 and the empty tunnel by the positioning anchor rod 28, and finally the empty tunnel is closed.

[0056] The partially connected middle empty tunnel system includes a sealing bag 24, a blocking beam 25, a positioning anchor cable 26 and a cuttable through-layer pipe 18. The cuttable through-layer pipe 18 is connected to the partially connected middle empty tunnel 22 through a through-layer hole 20. The end of the partially connected middle empty tunnel 22 is installed with a sealing bag 24. A blocking beam 25 is installed in the partially connected area of ​​the sealing bag 24 with the mining tunnel 21. Both ends of the blocking beam 25 are connected to the positioning anchor cable 26.

[0057] The cuttable through-layer pipe 19 is connected to the pumping flexible pipe 18, the pumping flexible pipe 18 is connected to the pumping machine 17, the pumping machine 17 is connected to the mixer 16, the mixer 16 is connected to the crusher 15, and the crusher 15 is connected to the coal conveying belt unit 14 in the mining tunnel.

[0058] The shape of the sealing bag 24 is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the empty roadway. Its height and width are preferably 10-20 cm larger than the width and height of the partially connected middle empty roadway 22, and the length is preferably 3-5 m. The sealing bag 24 is installed at the end of the partially connected middle empty roadway 22, and a retaining beam 25 is installed in the local connecting area. The two ends are fixed by positioning anchor cables 26 anchored in the side. The interior of the sealing bag 24 is filled with cement and coal mixed slurry. After solidification, a perforating hole 20 is implemented in the partially connected middle empty roadway 22 in the mining roadway 21. The diameter of the perforating hole 20 is preferably 10-20 cm. A cuttable perforating pipe 19 is installed in the perforating hole 20. The outer diameter of the cuttable perforating pipe 19 is preferably 2-4 cm smaller than the diameter of the perforating hole 20. The pipe holes are filled with cement slurry or other solid pipes.

[0059] The method steps of mining coal migration-controlling local connected middle empty road system are as follows: Step 1: After the mining tunnel 21 exposes the partially connected middle empty tunnel 22, a sealing bag 24 is installed at the end of the partially connected middle empty tunnel 22, and a blocking beam 25 is installed in the partially connected area, and the two ends are fixed by a positioning anchor cable 26 anchored into the side.

[0060] Step 2: Carry out a perforation hole 20 in the partially connected middle empty tunnel 22 in the mining tunnel 21, install a cuttable perforation pipe 19 in the perforation hole 20, the end of the cuttable perforation pipe 19 reaches the roof of the partially connected middle empty tunnel 22, and fill cement slurry or other solid pipes between the pipe holes.

[0061] Step 3: The coal mined from the working face passes through the coal transfer machine in the transport tunnel at the end of the working face or the tunneling unit 13 of the tunneling working face 12 → the coal conveyor belt unit 14 in the recovery tunnel 21 → the crusher 15 → the mixer 16 → the pump 17 → the pumping flexible pipe 18 → the sealing bag 24 → the sealing bag 24 is closed after being filled.

[0062] Step 4: The coal mined from the working face is transferred to the coal conveyor belt unit 14 in the recovery tunnel through the coal transfer machine in the transport tunnel at the end of the working face or the tunneling unit 13 of the tunneling working face 12, and then passes through the crusher 15, mixer 16, pumping machine 17, pumping flexible pipe 18, cuttable through-layer pipe 19 and partially connected middle empty tunnel 22 in sequence. The cuttable through-layer pipe 19 is closed after being filled.

[0063] The implementation method and steps of mining coal migration-controlling high-level non-connected empty roadway system are as follows: Step 1: After the mining tunnel 21 passes over the unconnected high-level empty tunnel 27 , a layer-piercing hole 20 is implemented in the mining tunnel 21 toward the unconnected high-level empty tunnel 27 .

[0064] Step 2: Install the cuttable through-layer pipe 19 in the through-layer hole 20, and the end of the cuttable through-layer pipe 19 reaches the top plate of the unconnected high-level empty tunnel 27, and fill the pipe holes with cement slurry or other solid pipes.

[0065] Step 3: The coal mined from the working face passes through the coal transfer machine in the transport tunnel at the end of the working face or the tunneling unit 13 of the tunneling working face 12 → the coal conveyor belt unit 14 in the recovery tunnel → the crusher 15 → the mixer 16 → the pumping machine 17 → the pumping flexible pipe 18 → the cuttable through-layer pipe 19 → the unconnected high-level empty tunnel 27 → the cuttable through-layer pipe 19 is closed after being filled.

[0066] There are three types of empty alleys at different levels: low, middle and high. The coal from the mining tunnel 21 is used to migrate and fill and control the various empty alleys. If there are too many empty alleys and the coal body from the mining tunnel is not enough to fill the various empty alleys, the coal body mined from the working face will continue to be used to fill the various empty alleys. This will have relatively minimal impact on production.

[0067] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned system and method for mining coal body migration-controlling empty tunnels at different layers, and directly utilizes the mined coal body to migrate into the empty tunnel, and can migrate to low-level empty tunnels, middle-level empty tunnels and high-level empty tunnels at the same time, without being restricted by the position and difficulty of the empty tunnels, and has extremely wide applicability, good control effect, safety and efficiency, and excellent economic and social benefits; the mined coal body is directly migrated into the empty tunnel, and the working face can be uniformly mined and transported out of the mine during the mining stage, which neither wastes any coal resources nor requires the purchase of a large amount of filling materials. It also saves the purchased filling materials from not only being transported underground, but also being transported out of the mine during the mining stage, washing the filling materials, and finally processing the filling materials. The method of the present invention not only greatly saves material costs, but also significantly reduces the burden on the auxiliary transportation system and coal washing.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for mining coal migration and controlling empty lanes at different layers, characterized by: It includes a fully connected low-level empty road system, a partially connected middle-level empty road system and a non-connected high-level empty road system. The non-connected high-level empty road system, the partially connected middle-level empty road system and the fully connected low-level empty road system all include a tunneling unit and a coal conveyor belt unit; The non-connected high-level empty tunnel system and the partially connected middle-level empty tunnel system include crushers, mixers, pumps and cuttable through-layer pipes; The fully connected low-level empty road system includes fully connected low-level empty road anti-collapse components, migration and coal throwing grouting mixing components and fully connected low-level empty road end coal blocking components.

2. A system for mining coal migration and controlling empty lanes at different layers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fully connected low empty tunnel anti-collapse system includes a cuttable anchor rod, a cuttable tray and a nut. The nut and the cuttable tray are connected to the cuttable anchor rod. The cuttable anchor rod, the cuttable tray and the nut are installed on the top plate of the fully connected low empty tunnel. The installation methods of cuttable anchor rods are equal length arrangement method and successive length increase method, and the degree of increase is that the length difference between two adjacent cuttable anchor rods is 0.4~1m.

3. A system for mining coal migration and controlling empty lanes at different layers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fully connected low-position empty tunnel end coal blocking components include T-type blocking rods, double-jointed nuts and blocking nets. The blocking nets are fixed to the empty tunnel end consolidation area and the top and bottom plates through positioning anchor rods and T-type blocking rods. The T-type blocking rods are connected to the double-jointed nuts. A bolt head is provided in the middle of the T-type blocking rods, and chain positioning buckles are provided at both ends.

4. A system for mining coal migration and controlling empty lanes at different layers according to claim 3, characterized in that: The migration and coal-throwing grouting mixed components include a coal-transporting belt unit in the recovery tunnel, a coal-transporting belt unit in a fully connected low-level empty tunnel, and a coal-throwing grouting composite component; one end of the coal-transporting belt unit in the recovery tunnel is connected to the tunneling unit, and the other end is connected to the coal-transporting belt unit in the fully connected low-level empty tunnel.

5. A system for mining coal migration and controlling empty lanes at different layers according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end support bracket comprises an end support base and an end support bracket vertical rod, the end support bracket vertical rod is provided with a vertical rod fixing ear, the vertical rod fixing ear is connected to the interconnection fixing upper rod, and the interconnection fixing upper rod is connected to the middle support bracket; The middle support frame includes a middle support frame base and a middle support frame vertical rod, the middle support frame is provided with interconnected fixing ears on both sides, the interconnected fixing ears on both sides are connected to the interconnected fixing upper rod, the interconnected fixing upper rod is connected to the interconnected fixing lower rod through a connecting rod, the interconnected fixing lower rod is connected to the end support frame base and the middle support frame base, the middle support frame base and the end support frame base are both provided with rollers at the lower part, and base interconnected fixing ears are provided at both ends, the base interconnected fixing ears on the middle support frame base are both connected to the interconnected fixing lower rod, and the interconnected fixing lower rod is connected to the interconnected fixing upper rod through a connecting rod; One end of the base interconnecting fixing ear on the end support bracket base is connected to the interconnecting fixing lower rod, and the other end is connected to the traction rod. The upper side of the end support bracket base is provided with an upper interconnecting fixing ear, and the upper interconnecting fixing ear is connected to the transfer height adjustment hydraulic cylinder, and the transfer height adjustment hydraulic cylinder is connected to the coal transport belt rotating wheel connecting beam.

6. A system for mining coal migration and controlling empty lanes at different layers according to claim 5, characterized in that: The coal throwing grouting composite assembly includes a coal throwing unit and a grouting consolidation unit. The coal throwing unit includes a coal throwing machine camera and a coal throwing machine unit. The coal throwing machine unit includes a coal throwing machine walking mechanism and a coal throwing machine turntable. The coal throwing machine turntable is arranged on the upper part of the coal throwing machine walking mechanism. The coal throwing machine walking mechanism is connected to the fully connected low-level empty lane coal transport belt unit through a traction rod. A coal throwing height adjustment hydraulic cylinder and a coal throwing machine rotating wheel are arranged on the coal throwing machine turntable. The coal throwing machine rotating wheel is connected to the coal throwing machine rotating wheel connecting beam. A coal throwing belt is arranged on the coal throwing machine rotating wheel. The coal throwing machine rotating wheel connecting beam is connected to the coal throwing height adjustment hydraulic cylinder. A position adjustment hydraulic cylinder and an angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder are fixed on the coal throwing height adjustment hydraulic cylinder. The angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder is connected to the position adjustment hydraulic cylinder. The position adjustment hydraulic cylinder is connected to the coal throwing machine camera. The shotcrete consolidation unit includes a slurry conveying pipe and a shotcrete machine. The shotcrete machine is connected to the slurry conveying pipe. The slurry conveying pipe is connected to the upper side shotcrete pipe and the lower side shotcrete pipe. The upper side shotcrete pipe and the lower side shotcrete pipe are fixed to the end of the coal-throwing machine rotating wheel connecting beam through an extended screw rod. The slurry conveying pipe is connected to the coal-throwing machine rotating wheel connecting beam through a fixed hook.

7. The system for mining coal migration and controlling empty lanes at different layers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partially connected middle empty lane system includes a sealing bag, a blocking beam, a positioning anchor cable and a cuttable through-layer pipe. The cuttable through-layer pipe is connected to the partially connected middle empty lane through a through-layer hole. The end of the partially connected middle empty lane is equipped with a sealing bag, and the end of the sealing bag is equipped with a rear blocking beam. Both ends of the blocking beam are connected to the positioning anchor cable. The height and width of the sealed bag section are 10-20cm greater than the height and width of the local connected median empty lane, and the length is 3-5m; The cuttable through-layer pipe is connected to the pumping flexible pipe, the pumping flexible pipe is connected to the pumping machine, the pumping machine is connected to the mixer, the mixer is connected to the crusher, and the crusher is connected to the coal conveyor belt unit.

8. A method for mining coal migration and controlling empty lanes at different layers, using a system for mining coal migration and controlling empty lanes at different layers as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Including the implementation method of the fully connected low-level empty lane system, the implementation method of the partially connected middle-level empty lane system and the implementation method of the non-connected high-level empty lane system; The implementation method of the fully connected low-level empty lane system includes the following steps: Step 1: After the mining tunnel reveals the fully connected low-level empty roadway, install the cuttable anchor rods, cuttable trays and nuts in groups on the roof of the fully connected low-level empty roadway; Step 2: After the exposed fully connected low-level empty roadway is lagging behind the excavation working face for a certain distance, after ensuring that there is space for the coal conveyor belt unit in the mining roadway, the fully connected low-level empty roadway coal conveyor belt unit and the coal throwing and grouting composite assembly are installed in sequence; Step 3: The coal mined from the working face is transported to the coal conveyor belt unit in the mining roadway through the coal transfer machine in the end transport roadway of the working face or the tunneling unit in the tunneling working face, and then transferred to the coal conveyor belt unit in the low empty roadway. The slurry is sprayed through the coal throwing unit and the grouting consolidation unit, and the coal blocks are sprayed on the upper and lower sides to form a coal block consolidation accumulation area, so as to realize the full connection of the low empty roadway; Step 4: When the coal block consolidation accumulation area is about 5m away from the end of the empty roadway, the amount and intensity of grouting are increased, and the top plate cuttable anchor bolts and the bottom plate cuttable anchor bolts are implemented, and they are inclined about 45° toward the direction of the mining roadway respectively; The retaining net is anchored at the bottom corner of the transition section between the mining tunnel and the empty tunnel by positioning anchor rods; two T-shaped retaining rods are horizontally installed at a distance of 0.6~0.8m and 1.5~1.8m from the bottom plate of the empty tunnel intersection, and the retaining net is pressed at the two sides of the empty tunnel port by positioning anchor cables and tray-fixed chain positioning buckles; Then the middle bolt head of the T-shaped barrier rod is connected to the top plate cuttable anchor rod and the bottom plate cuttable anchor rod through a double nut, and finally pre-tightened to prevent the middle part of the T-shaped barrier rod from bending, and the barrier net is temporarily placed on the high T-shaped barrier rod; Step 5: Repeat step 3 to fill the remaining space at the end of the empty lane; Step 6: The top of the retaining net is anchored at the shoulder angle of the roof of the transition section between the mining tunnel and the empty tunnel by positioning anchor rods, and finally the empty tunnel is closed.

9. A method for mining coal migration and controlling empty lanes at different layers according to claim 8, characterized in that: The implementation method of the local connected middle empty lane system includes the following steps: Step 1: After the mining tunnel exposes the partially connected middle empty tunnel, a sealing bag is installed at the end of the partially connected middle empty tunnel, a retaining beam is installed in the partially connected area, and both ends are fixed by positioning anchor cables anchored into the sidewall; Step 2: Drill a through hole in the mining tunnel to the partially connected middle empty tunnel, install a cuttable through-layer pipe in the through hole, and the end of the cuttable through-layer pipe reaches the roof of the partially connected middle empty tunnel; Step 3: The coal mined from the working face is transferred to the coal conveyor belt unit in the mining tunnel through the coal transfer machine in the transport tunnel at the end of the working face or the tunneling unit in the tunneling working face. The coal is filled into the sealing bag through the crusher, mixer, pumping machine, and pumping flexible pipe in sequence. After the sealing bag is full, it is closed; Step 4: The coal mined from the working face is transferred to the coal conveyor belt unit in the recovery tunnel through the coal transfer machine in the transport tunnel at the end of the working face or the tunneling unit in the tunneling working face. It passes through the coal conveyor belt unit, crusher, mixer, pump, pumping flexible pipe, cuttable through-layer pipe and partially connected middle empty tunnel in the recovery tunnel. After the partially connected middle empty tunnel is filled, the cuttable through-layer pipe is closed.

10. A method for mining coal migration and controlling empty lanes at different layers according to claim 8, characterized in that: The implementation method of the non-connected high-level empty lane system includes the following steps: Step 1: After the mining roadway passes over the unconnected high-level empty roadway, a through-layer hole is made in the mining roadway toward the unconnected high-level empty roadway; Step 2: Install a cuttable through-layer pipe in the through-layer hole, and the end of the cuttable through-layer pipe reaches the top plate of the unconnected high-level empty lane, and fill the pipe holes with cement slurry or other solid pipes; Step 3: The coal mined from the working face is transferred to the coal conveyor belt unit in the recovery tunnel through the coal transfer machine in the transport tunnel at the end of the working face or the tunneling unit in the tunneling working face, and then passes through the crusher, mixer, pump, pumping flexible pipe and cuttable through-layer pipe in turn to reach the unconnected high-level empty tunnel. After the unconnected high-level empty tunnel is filled, the cuttable through-layer pipe is closed.

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