Tunnel lining supporting device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel lining supporting device and a supporting method, and relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, the tunnel lining supporting device comprises a supporting assembly and a movable operation vehicle, the supporting assembly is composed of a side end foundation arch frame unit and an arch frame section, and the side end foundation arch frame unit is located at one end of the arch frame section and is connected with the arch frame section through a bolt. According to the tunnel lining supporting device and method, adjustment of the pouring nozzle in the horizontal direction is achieved through the rotating disc, the angle of the pouring nozzle in the Y-axis direction can be adjusted through the worm and the worm gear, and according to the multi-dimensional adjusting mode, the pouring nozzle can be accurately sprayed to all parts of the supporting assembly according to the actual requirements of tunnel lining supporting; the overturning frame prolongs the distance between a pouring spray head and constructors, impact and contamination of concrete spraying splashes to the constructors are reduced, plane space occupation during transportation can be reduced through fixing of the limiting pins after overturning, and compared with a traditional integrated arch frame, the combined arch frame structure can be installed section by section, and the requirements for a construction site and equipment are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a tunnel lining support device and a support method. Background Art

[0002] A tunnel is an underground passage structure that is excavated in media such as mountains and underground rock and soil by construction methods such as excavation and tunneling. It is a passage used for various purposes such as transportation, water conservancy, municipal administration, and mining. From a structural point of view, it usually has a certain shape, such as circular, elliptical, rectangular and other cross-sectional shapes, and has a certain length and depth.

[0003] The tunnel lining support device is a series of equipment that supports and reinforces the tunnel surrounding rock to ensure the stability and safety of the tunnel lining structure. Its main function is to withstand the surrounding rock pressure, restrict the surrounding rock deformation, and prevent tunnel collapse, block fall and other diseases during the construction and operation process.

[0004] At present, 1. Traditional tunnel arch structures are mostly integrated structures, which require the help of large-scale lifting equipment and transportation equipment; 2. Traditional construction devices and methods have relatively single functions. After one construction link is completed, different equipment needs to be replaced to proceed to the next link, and the movement and positioning of the equipment are relatively troublesome; 3. After the anchor rod is drilled, additional cleaning is required before filling the anchor agent, which cannot be carried out simultaneously. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a tunnel lining support device and a support method, which solve the problems proposed in the above background technology that the arch frame structure is mostly an integrated structure, which is inconvenient to carry and install, the construction device and method have relatively single functions, and additional cleaning is required before filling with anchoring agent, which cannot be carried out simultaneously.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a tunnel lining support device, including a support assembly and a mobile work vehicle, the support assembly is composed of an edge foundation arch frame unit and an arch frame segment, the edge foundation arch frame unit is located at one end of the arch frame segment and is connected to it by bolts, the arch frame segments are connected by cross beams and reinforcing metal meshes, the edge foundation arch frame unit and the top of the arch frame segment are both connected to one end of the anchor rod by bolts, the other end of the anchor rod extends to the inside of the tunnel surrounding rock, one side of the top of the mobile work vehicle is fixedly connected to a concrete tank, and the other side of the top of the mobile work vehicle is rotated A steering base plate is connected, and the mobile work vehicle is rotatably connected to the inside of the steering base plate respectively corresponding to the first steering gear and the second steering gear, the first steering gear and the second steering gear are meshingly connected, the top of the steering base plate is movably connected to the bottom of the construction base plate through a plurality of supporting links, and a hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected between the supporting links, a storage rack is fixedly connected to the top of the construction base plate, a turning frame is rotatably connected to one side of the construction base plate, and a support frame is fixedly connected to the other side of the construction base plate, an arc frame is welded to one end of the construction base plate corresponding to the turning frame, and an anchor tank is fixedly connected to one side of the steering base plate.

[0007] One end of the turning frame is rotatably connected to the railing surface welded along the periphery of the storage rack at the top of the construction base plate, and the other end of the turning frame is rotatably connected to the top of a turntable. The inside of the turning frame corresponding to the turntable is rotatably connected to a driving gear and a driven gear, respectively. The driving gear and the driven gear are meshed and connected, and the shaft at the axis center of the driven gear is fixedly connected to the bottom of the turntable. The top of the turntable is rotatably connected to a worm and a worm wheel, respectively, and the worm is located above the worm wheel and meshed and connected therewith.

[0008] The support frame is fixedly connected to the surface of the railing welded along the periphery of the storage rack at the top of the construction base plate, and the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are rotatably connected inside the support frame respectively, and the second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the extension frame through a shaft rod running through its axis center, and the surface of the extension frame is slidably connected to a mobile platform, and the interior of the extension frame is rotatably connected to a lead screw, and the top of the mobile platform is sleeved with an anchor spray head through a pipe rack, and scrapers are fixedly connected to both ends of the mobile platform, and the anchor spray head and the anchor tank are connected through a centrifugal pump and a pipeline.

[0009] Optionally, T-shaped slots for plugging in cross beams are opened between the arch frame segments, and through holes opened in the slots are connected as a whole through bolts, and the reinforcing metal mesh is made of stainless steel metal material in the form of a grid, and the cross beams and the reinforcing metal mesh are staggered and equidistantly distributed along the arch shape of the arch frame segments, and the reinforcing metal mesh is cast to form an integrated connection with the cross beams and arch frame segments.

[0010] Optionally, a T-shaped slot consistent with the structure is opened at one end of the side foundation arch frame unit that fits with the arch frame segment, and the arch frame segment is connected to the side foundation arch frame unit on the corresponding side via the T-shaped slot and a steel frame consistent with the crossbeam structure but shorter than the crossbeam, and are connected as a whole by bolts through the through holes opened consistently with the slot.

[0011] Optionally, a driving system and a control system are provided inside the mobile work vehicle, and the second steering gear is fixedly connected to the bottom of the steering base plate through an axle rod at its axis, and the steering base plate rotates 360° on the surface of the mobile work vehicle.

[0012] Optionally, the supporting links are rotatably connected in groups of two via X-shaped distribution shafts and are symmetrically distributed between the construction base plate and the steering base plate. Both ends of the outer walls of the construction base plate and the steering base plate are provided with sliding grooves that are slidably connected to the supporting links distributed at the head and tail ends. At the same time, both ends of the hydraulic cylinder are rotatably connected to the supporting links distributed in the middle. A folding structure is formed between the supporting links through the hydraulic cylinder, and the construction base plate forms a lifting structure above the steering base plate.

[0013] Optionally, the construction base plate is used to rotatably connect to the fence position of the turning frame, and is threadedly connected to a limit pin, and a groove threadedly connected to the turning frame is opened at the corresponding position thereof, and the turntable is horizontally rotated 180° by the servo motor above the driving gear, and at the same time, the top of the turntable is rotatably connected to a bracket for fixing the pouring nozzle, the shaft at the axis center of the worm gear is fixed to the bracket for fixing the pouring nozzle, and the pouring nozzle and the concrete tank are connected via a pipeline through a high-pressure plunger pump.

[0014] Optionally, the extension frame is cylindrical and has a scale marked on its surface, and one end of the bottom of the moving platform is fixedly connected to a nut threadedly connected to the outer wall of the screw, and a slide groove is provided on the surface of the extension frame for slidingly connecting the moving platform, and a rubber pad is provided on the surface of the slide groove, and the side of the moving platform adjacent to the anchor agent nozzle is L-shaped, and a sloped discharge outlet is provided on the surface of the moving platform corresponding to the bottom of the anchor agent nozzle.

[0015] Optionally, the concrete tank and the anchor tank are both composed of a double-layer metal barrel body, and the concrete tank and the anchor tank are both rotatably connected with stirring parts, and a heating module is fixedly connected between the inner and outer tank bodies of the concrete tank and the anchor tank, and the heating module is electrically connected to the external temperature controllers of the concrete tank and the anchor tank.

[0016] Optionally, a reel is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the mobile work vehicle, and the reel is on the same side as the concrete tank and located below it, and a geotextile protective film is sleeved on the outside of the reel, and a protective cover is sleeved on the outside of the arc-shaped frame.

[0017] A supporting method for a tunnel lining supporting device comprises the following specific steps:

[0018] Step 1: The operator climbs onto the construction base plate of the work vehicle, starts the hydraulic cylinder to lift the base plate to a suitable drilling height, and uses a handheld anchor drilling machine to drill holes in the tunnel surrounding rock according to the design requirements. The number of holes to be drilled depends on the design;

[0019] Step 2: After the drilling is completed, operate the screw moving platform to the corresponding drilling depth according to the extension frame scale, slowly insert the extension frame into the hole and ensure that it coincides with the hole axis, open the valve of the anchor tank, and send the anchor into the hole through the anchor nozzle. At the same time, the mobile platform moves outward, and the scraper takes out the gravel in the hole. After filling each group of anchors, take an anchor rod from the storage rack and insert it into the drill hole for anchoring. The installation of the anchor rod can be achieved by adjusting the height of the construction base plate and the angle of the anchor nozzle, which are adapted by the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear. The steering base plate is used to rotate 360° through the second steering gear to switch the working surface on the other side of the tunnel;

[0020] Step 3: After the anchor rods are installed, use mobile equipment to move the side foundation arch frame unit to a position that fits the tunnel wall initially. The arch frame segment is connected to the side foundation arch frame unit through the T-shaped notch and the short steel frame is inserted for initial positioning. After all the arch frame segments are installed in this way, they are connected together through the through holes with bolts for secondary fixation. The reinforced metal mesh is laid on the arch frame segment and filled at the staggered position of the beam. It is fixed to the tunnel wall, arch frame segment and beam with an electric drill. At the same time, the exposed part of the anchor rod is fixed to the corresponding position of the side foundation arch frame unit and the arch frame segment with high-strength bolts, so that the support assembly is firmly connected to the surrounding rock;

[0021] Step 4: The mobile work vehicle moves to the pouring starting position, unrolls the geotextile protective film on the reel and fixes the first section. The first section can be fixed on the surface with the help of ground bolts or other gravity components. The mobile work vehicle moves to unfold the film to cover the tunnel ground. Start the high-pressure plunger pump to send the concrete in the concrete tank to the pouring nozzle through the pipeline. The operator stands on the construction base plate near the anchor nozzle, adjusts the Y-axis direction of the pouring nozzle through the worm and worm gear, and adjusts the horizontal direction with the driving gear and the driven gear. Evenly pour concrete on the support assembly, and the arc-shaped skeleton protective cover can be unfolded to protect the construction personnel. After one pouring, decide whether to pour a second time according to the design or engineering requirements and process the first pouring surface before pouring again according to the steps.

[0022] The present invention provides a tunnel lining support device and a support method, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The tunnel lining support device adopts a combined arch frame structure. The side foundation arch frame unit is connected to the arch frame segment through a T-shaped groove and bolts, and the arch frame segments are connected with beams and bolts. The reinforcing metal mesh and each component are cast to form an integrated connection. Compared with the traditional integrated arch frame, it can be installed section by section, reducing the requirements for construction sites and equipment, improving installation efficiency, and can be disassembled into smaller parts for easy transportation. It is also convenient to adjust or replace the position of components during construction.

[0024] The tunnel lining support device has a drive system and a control system inside the mobile work vehicle. The steering base plate can rotate 360°, and can quickly adjust the construction direction according to different construction processes to adapt to different working positions and angle requirements.

[0025] The tunnel lining support device has a folding structure in which the supporting connecting rods are connected in an X-shaped manner by rotating the distribution shaft, so that the construction base plate can be raised and lowered above the steering base plate. The X-shaped connection has good stability and uniform force. It can be folded and stored to save space when the height is not adjusted. It can be quickly unfolded when needed to achieve stable lifting and lowering to meet the needs of the construction site. The mobile platform cooperates with the scraper to clean the gravel in the borehole when the anchor agent is injected, avoiding the subsequent separate cleaning process and shortening the construction period. The scale of the extension frame can assist in accurately controlling the position of the anchor agent nozzle to avoid insufficient anchoring force or waste of anchor agent.

[0026] The tunnel lining support device has a flip frame that can extend the distance between the pouring nozzle and the construction workers, reducing the impact and contamination of concrete spray splashes on personnel. After flipping, it can be fixed by limit pins to reduce the plane space occupied during transportation and improve the maneuverability and flexibility of the equipment. The geotextile protective film can cover the tunnel floor during concrete pouring to avoid slurry pollution. It can be easily folded up after construction. The protective cover on the outside of the arc-shaped frame can provide a safe working space for construction workers.

[0027] In this tunnel lining support device, the turntable is rotated horizontally by 180 degrees through the servo motor above the driving gear, which can realize the horizontal adjustment of the pouring nozzle; the angle of the pouring nozzle in the Y-axis direction can be adjusted through the meshing connection between the worm and the worm wheel. This multi-dimensional adjustment method enables concrete to be accurately sprayed to various parts of the support assembly according to the actual needs of tunnel lining support. Due to the limited arm strength and operating accuracy of humans, it is difficult to ensure that concrete can be evenly sprayed to various parts of the support structure. This method can accurately spray concrete to the required position to achieve uniform pouring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the invention;

[0029] Figure 2 An exploded view of the support assembly in the invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the reinforcement metal mesh in the invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mobile working vehicle in the invention;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the first steering gear and the second steering gear in the invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the support frame structure in the invention;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile platform in the invention;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the overturning frame in the invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the concrete tank in the invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1, support assembly; 2, mobile work vehicle; 3, end foundation arch frame unit; 4, arch frame segment; 5, cross beam; 6, reinforcement metal mesh; 7, anchor rod; 8, reel; 9, concrete tank; 10, steering base plate; 11, first steering gear; 12, second steering gear; 13, supporting connecting rod; 14, hydraulic cylinder; 15, construction base plate; 16, storage rack; 17, turning rack; 1701, turntable; 1702, driving gear ; 1703, driven gear; 1704, worm; 1705, worm wheel; 1706, casting nozzle; 18, support frame; 1801, first bevel gear; 1802, second bevel gear; 1803, extension frame; 1804, mobile platform; 1805, screw; 1806, anchor nozzle; 1807, scraper; 19, arc frame; 20, limit pin; 21, anchor tank; 22, stirring element; 23, heating module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more than two; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] See also Figures 1 to 9 The present invention provides a technical solution: a tunnel lining support device, including a support assembly 1 and a mobile work vehicle 2, the support assembly 1 is composed of an edge foundation arch frame unit 3 and an arch frame segment 4, the edge foundation arch frame unit 3 is located at one end of the arch frame segment 4 and is connected to it by bolts, the arch frame segments 4 are connected by a crossbeam 5 and a reinforcing metal mesh 6, the edge foundation arch frame unit 3 and the top of the arch frame segment 4 are both connected to one end of an anchor rod 7 by bolts, and the other end of the anchor rod 7 extends to the inside of the tunnel surrounding rock, a concrete tank 9 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the mobile work vehicle 2, and a steering base plate 10 is rotatably connected to the other side of the top of the mobile work vehicle 2, and the mobile work vehicle 2 The first steering gear 11 and the second steering gear 12 are rotatably connected to the interior of the corresponding steering base plate 10, and the first steering gear 11 and the second steering gear 12 are meshed and connected. The top of the steering base plate 10 is movably connected to the bottom of the construction base plate 15 through a plurality of supporting links 13, and the hydraulic cylinder 14 is rotatably connected between the supporting links 13. The top of the construction base plate 15 is fixedly connected with a storage rack 16, one side of the construction base plate 15 is rotatably connected with a turning frame 17, and the other side of the construction base plate 15 is fixedly connected with a support frame 18, an arc-shaped frame 19 is welded to one end of the construction base plate 15 corresponding to the turning frame 17, and one side of the steering base plate 10 is fixedly connected with an anchor tank 21.

[0042] One end of the turning frame 17 is rotatably connected to the railing surface welded along the outer periphery of the storage rack 16 at the top of the construction base plate 15, and the other end of the turning frame 17 is rotatably connected to the top of the turntable 1701. The inside of the turning frame 17 corresponding to the turntable 1701 is rotatably connected to a driving gear 1702 and a driven gear 1703, respectively. The driving gear 1702 and the driven gear 1703 are meshed and connected, and the shaft at the axis center of the driven gear 1703 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the turntable 1701. The top of the turntable 1701 is rotatably connected to a worm 1704 and a worm wheel 1705, respectively. The worm 1704 is located above the worm wheel 1705 and is meshed and connected therewith.

[0043] The support frame 18 is fixedly connected to the surface of the railing welded along the periphery of the storage rack 16 at the top of the construction base plate 15, and the interior of the support frame 18 is rotatably connected with the first bevel gear 1801 and the second bevel gear 1802 respectively, and the second bevel gear 1802 is fixedly connected to the extension frame 1803 through an axial rod running through its axis, and the surface of the extension frame 1803 is slidably connected to the mobile platform 1804, and the interior of the extension frame 1803 is rotatably connected to the lead screw 1805, and the top of the mobile platform 1804 is connected with an anchor spray head 1806 through a pipe rack, and scrapers 1807 are fixedly connected at both ends of the mobile platform 1804, and the anchor spray head 1806 is connected to the anchor tank 21 through a centrifugal pump and a pipeline.

[0044] In this embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a T-shaped slot for plugging and connecting the cross beam 5 is opened between the arch frame segments 4, and the through holes opened in the slot are bolted together, and the reinforcing metal mesh 6 is made of stainless steel metal material in the form of a grid, and the cross beam 5 and the reinforcing metal mesh 6 are staggered and equidistantly distributed along the arch shape of the arch frame segment 4, and the reinforcing metal mesh 6 is cast to form an integrated connection with the cross beam 5 and the arch frame segment 4; the traditional integrated arch frame requires large-scale lifting equipment for overall installation, and has high requirements for the construction site and equipment, while this combined structure can be installed section by section, which reduces the requirements for on-site construction and improves installation efficiency, and the large arch frame will be subject to space constraints during transportation, while this combined structure can be disassembled into smaller parts for easy transportation to the tunnel construction site, and the actual specifications of the support assembly 1 are precisely designed and determined based on key factors such as the specific contour, span, height and surrounding rock pressure distribution of the tunnel.

[0045] In this embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a T-shaped notch consistent with the structure is opened at one end of the side foundation arch frame unit 3 that fits with the arch frame segment 4, and the arch frame segment 4 is connected to the side foundation arch frame unit 3 on the corresponding side through the T-shaped notch and a steel frame that is consistent with the structure of the cross beam 5 but shorter than the cross beam 5, and is connected as a whole through bolts through the through holes opened in accordance with the notch; compared with non-detachable connection methods such as welding, the arch frame segment 4 and the cross beam 5 as well as the arch frame segment 4 and the side foundation arch frame unit 3 are initially fixed by plugging, and then further tightened by bolts. If a certain problem is found during the construction process If the installation position of a component needs to be adjusted or a component is damaged and needs to be replaced, it can be disassembled in time. The reinforced metal mesh 6 can prevent small pieces of rock from falling during the tunnel support process. At the same time, after the concrete is sprayed, the concrete can wrap the metal mesh and form an integral support structure with the beam 5 and the arch frame segment 4. The distribution position of the beam 5 and the reinforced metal mesh 6 can effectively and evenly transfer the pressure from the surrounding rock to the entire support structure. Due to their close connection and reasonable distribution, the force can be evenly dispersed among the components, avoiding structural damage caused by local stress concentration.

[0046] In this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the mobile work vehicle 2 is internally provided with a driving system and a control system, and the second steering gear 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the steering base plate 10 through the shaft at its axis center, and the steering base plate 10 rotates 360° on the surface of the mobile work vehicle 2; at different construction stages, the anchor rod 7 is drilled first, and then the arch frame is installed and the concrete is poured. Each process has different requirements for the working position and angle. The 360° rotating steering base plate 10 can quickly adjust the construction direction according to the requirements of different processes.

[0047] In this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the support links 13 are rotatably connected by X-shaped distribution shafts in groups of two, and are symmetrically distributed between the construction base plate 15 and the steering base plate 10, and both ends of the outer walls of the construction base plate 15 and the steering base plate 10 are provided with sliding grooves slidably connected to the support links 13 distributed at the head and tail ends. At the same time, both ends of the hydraulic cylinder 14 are rotatably connected to the support links 13 distributed in the middle. The support links 13 form a folding structure through the hydraulic cylinder 14, and the construction base plate 15 forms a lifting structure above the steering base plate 10; the X-shaped connection method of the support links 13 has good stability, so that the force of the entire lifting structure is more uniform. When the height adjustment is not required, the support links 13 can be folded and stored between the construction base plate 15 and the steering base plate 10, and will not occupy too much height space. When the height adjustment is required, the support links 13 can be quickly unfolded and realize a stable lifting function through the drive of the hydraulic cylinder 14 to meet the needs of the construction site.

[0048] In this embodiment, Figure 8 As shown, the construction base plate 15 is used to rotate and connect the fence position of the turning frame 17, and the limit pin 20 is passed through and threadedly connected, and the turning frame 17 is provided with a notch threadedly connected thereto at the corresponding position thereof, and the turntable 1701 is horizontally rotated 180° by the servo motor above the driving gear 1702, and at the same time, the top of the turntable 1701 is rotatably connected to a bracket for fixing the pouring nozzle 1706, the shaft at the axis of the worm gear 1705 is fixed to the bracket for fixing the pouring nozzle 1706, and the pouring nozzle 1706 is connected to the concrete tank 9 through a pipeline through a high-pressure plunger pump; the distance between the pouring nozzle 1706 and the location of the construction personnel is extended by the turning frame 17, which can effectively reduce the direct impact and contamination of the splashing materials on the construction personnel during the concrete spraying process, and the turning frame 17 is turned over and fixed by the limit pin 20, so that the mobile work vehicle 2 can effectively reduce the occupation of the plane space during transportation, thereby improving the mobility and flexibility of the construction equipment.

[0049] In this embodiment, Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the extension frame 1803 is cylindrical and has a scale on its surface, and one end of the bottom of the mobile platform 1804 is fixedly connected to a nut threadedly connected to the outer wall of the lead screw 1805, and a slide groove for slidingly connecting the mobile platform 1804 is arranged on the surface of the extension frame 1803, and a rubber pad is arranged on the surface of the slide groove, and the mobile platform 1804 is L-shaped on one side adjacent to the anchor spray head 1806, and a sloped discharge port is provided on the surface of the mobile platform 1804 corresponding to the lower part of the anchor spray head 1806; the scale on the surface of the extension frame 1803 provides an intuitive and accurate depth reference for the operator, because in the tunnel anchor 7 support construction, different surrounding rock conditions and design requirements correspond to different drilling depths, so the drilling depth is determined according to the design specifications, and by observing the scale, the operator can accurately move the mobile platform 1804 and the anchor spray head 1806 connected thereto to the drilling depth. The position that matches the hole depth can effectively avoid problems such as insufficient anchoring force or waste of anchoring agent due to deviation of the nozzle position. At the same time, when the anchoring agent is sprayed out from the anchoring agent nozzle 1806, the L-shaped plate at the front end of the mobile platform 1804 can prevent these liquids from flowing into the extension frame 1803, and the sloped drainage port below it can guide the flowing anchoring agent or solvent to be discharged smoothly. The scrapers 1807 on both sides of the mobile platform 1804 push out the gravel in advance during its outward movement, which can effectively clean the gravel in the borehole and provide sufficient and uniform filling space for the anchoring agent. In traditional construction processes, it is often necessary to clean the gravel in the borehole after the anchoring agent is filled or the anchor rod 7 is installed, which increases the construction process and time cost. The mobile platform 1804 and the scraper 1807 push out the gravel at the same time as the anchoring agent is injected, avoiding the subsequent process of cleaning the gravel separately, greatly shortening the construction period.

[0050] In this embodiment, Fig. 9 As shown, the concrete tank 9 and the anchor tank 21 are both composed of a double-layer metal barrel, and the concrete tank 9 and the anchor tank 21 are rotatably connected with a stirring piece 22, and the inner and outer tank bodies of the concrete tank 9 and the anchor tank 21 are fixedly connected with a heating module 23, and the heating module 23 is electrically connected to the external temperature controller of the concrete tank 9 and the anchor tank 21; in tunnel construction, the ambient temperature varies greatly, and the use of the heating module 23 and the temperature controller enables the concrete tank 9 and the anchor tank 21 to effectively cope with the low temperature environment. The temperature of the concrete and the anchor can be maintained within a suitable working range, which is crucial to maintaining the fluidity of the concrete and the chemical reaction activity of the anchor, avoiding problems such as too fast coagulation of the concrete and incomplete curing of the anchor due to too low temperature, and ensuring that the construction materials can be used normally under various environmental conditions.

[0051] In this embodiment, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the outer wall of the mobile work vehicle 2 is rotatably connected with a reel 8, and the reel 8 is on the same side as the concrete tank 9 and is located below it, and a geotextile protective film is sleeved on the outside of the reel 8, and a protective cover is sleeved on the outside of the arc-shaped frame 19; during the concrete pouring operation, concrete slurry is likely to fall on the tunnel floor, which is more troublesome to clean up, and the geotextile protective film sleeved on the reel 8 can be unfolded and covered on the tunnel floor, playing a protective role, preventing these construction wastes from directly contacting the tunnel bottom surface, reducing subsequent cleaning work, and keeping the tunnel bottom surface clean. At the beginning of construction, the mobile work vehicle 2 can drive the reel 8 to rotate during movement, so that the film automatically unfolds and covers the ground; after the construction is completed, the film can be rolled up again by rotating the reel 8 in the opposite direction, which is convenient for next use, and the specific width of the geotextile protective film needs to be configured according to the width of the on-site construction tunnel, and the protective cover sleeved on the outside of the arc-shaped frame 19 can effectively block these splashes, providing a relatively safe working space for construction personnel.

[0052] A supporting method for a tunnel lining supporting device, the specific steps are as follows:

[0053] Step 1: The operator climbs onto the construction base plate 15 of the work vehicle and starts the hydraulic cylinder 14 to lift the base plate to a suitable drilling height. The operator then uses a handheld anchor drilling machine to drill holes in the tunnel surrounding rock according to the design requirements. The number of holes drilled depends on the design.

[0054] Step 2: After the drilling is completed, operate the screw 1805 according to the scale of the extension frame 1803 to move the platform 1804 to the corresponding drilling depth, slowly insert the extension frame 1803 into the hole and ensure that it coincides with the hole axis, open the valve of the anchor tank 21, and send the anchor into the hole through the anchor nozzle 1806. At the same time, the mobile platform 1804 moves outward, and the scraper 1807 takes out the gravel in the hole. After filling each group of anchors, take an anchor rod 7 from the rack 16 and insert it into the drill hole for anchoring. The installation of the anchor rod 7 can be achieved by adjusting the height of the construction base plate 15 and the angle of the anchor nozzle 1806, and the first bevel gear 1801 and the second bevel gear 1802 are adapted. The steering base plate 10 is used to switch the working surface on the other side of the tunnel through the 360° rotation of the second steering gear 12;

[0055] Step 3: After the anchor rod 7 is installed, the side foundation arch frame unit 3 is moved to a position with the help of a mobile device to initially fit with the tunnel wall. The arch frame segment 4 is connected to the side foundation arch frame unit 3 through the T-shaped notch and the short steel frame is inserted for initial positioning. After all the arch frame segments 4 are installed in this way, they are connected into one through the through holes with bolts for secondary fixing. The reinforcing metal mesh 6 is laid on the arch frame segment 4 and filled with the staggered position of the cross beam 5. It is fixed to the tunnel wall and the arch frame segment 4 and the cross beam 5 with an electric drill. At the same time, the exposed part of the anchor rod 7 is fixed to the corresponding position of the side foundation arch frame unit 3 and the arch frame segment 4 with high-strength bolts, so that the support assembly 1 is firmly connected to the surrounding rock;

[0056] Step 4: The mobile work vehicle 2 moves to the pouring starting position, unfolds the geotextile protective film of the reel 8 and fixes the first section. The first section can be fixed on the surface with the help of ground bolts or other gravity components. The mobile work vehicle 2 moves to unfold the film to cover the tunnel ground, and starts the high-pressure plunger pump to send the concrete in the concrete tank 9 to the pouring nozzle 1706 through the pipeline. The operator stands on the construction base plate 15 near the anchor agent nozzle 1806, and adjusts the Y-axis direction of the pouring nozzle 1706 through the worm 1704 and the worm wheel 1705. The driving gear 1702 and the driven gear 1703 adjust the horizontal direction, and evenly pour concrete on the support component 1. The protective cover of the arc skeleton 19 can be unfolded to protect the construction personnel. After one pouring, decide whether to pour a second time according to the design or engineering requirements and process the first pouring surface before pouring again according to the steps.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel lining support device, comprising a support assembly (1) and a mobile working vehicle (2), characterized in that: The support assembly (1) is composed of an end foundation arch frame unit (3) and an arch frame segment (4); the end foundation arch frame unit (3) is located at one end of the arch frame segment (4) and is connected thereto by bolts; the arch frame segments (4) are connected to each other by a crossbeam (5) and a reinforcing metal mesh (6); the tops of the end foundation arch frame unit (3) and the arch frame segment (4) are both connected to one end of an anchor rod (7) by bolts; the other end of the anchor rod (7) extends into the tunnel surrounding rock; a concrete tank (9) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the mobile work vehicle (2); a steering base plate (10) is rotatably connected to the other side of the top of the mobile work vehicle (2); and the insides of the mobile work vehicle (2) corresponding to the steering base plate (10) are rotatably connected to the first steering gear (11) and a second steering gear (12), the first steering gear (11) and the second steering gear (12) are meshedly connected, the top of the steering base plate (10) is movably connected to the bottom of the construction base plate (15) through a plurality of supporting connecting rods (13), a hydraulic cylinder (14) is rotatably connected between the supporting connecting rods (13), a storage rack (16) is fixedly connected to the top of the construction base plate (15), a turnover rack (17) is rotatably connected to one side of the construction base plate (15), a support rack (18) is fixedly connected to the other side of the construction base plate (15), an arc-shaped frame (19) is welded to one end of the construction base plate (15) corresponding to the turnover rack (17), and an anchor tank (21) is fixedly connected to one side of the steering base plate (10); One end of the turning frame (17) is rotatably connected to the railing surface welded along the outer periphery of the storage rack (16) at the top of the construction base plate (15); the other end of the turning frame (17) is rotatably connected to a turntable (1701) at its top; a driving gear (1702) and a driven gear (1703) are rotatably connected to the inside of the turning frame (17) corresponding to one side of the turntable (1701); the driving gear (1702) and the driven gear (1703) are meshedly connected; the shaft at the axis center of the driven gear (1703) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the turntable (1701); a worm (1704) and a worm wheel (1705) are rotatably connected to the top of the turntable (1701); the worm (1704) is located above the worm wheel (1705) and is meshedly connected thereto; The support frame (18) is fixedly connected to the surface of the railing welded along the outer periphery of the storage rack (16) at the top of the construction base plate (15); the interior of the support frame (18) is rotatably connected to a first bevel gear (1801) and a second bevel gear (1802); the second bevel gear (1802) is fixedly connected to an extension frame (1803) via an axial rod penetrating through its axis; the surface of the extension frame (1803) is slidably connected to a mobile platform (1804); the interior of the extension frame (1803) is rotatably connected to a lead screw (1805); the top of the mobile platform (1804) is sleeved with an anchor spray head (1806) via a pipe rack; scrapers (1807) are fixedly connected to both ends of the mobile platform (1804); the anchor spray head (1806) is connected to the anchor tank (21) via a centrifugal pump and a pipe.

2. A tunnel lining support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arch frame segments (4) are provided with T-shaped notches for inserting and connecting the cross beams (5), and the through holes provided in the notches are connected as a whole through bolts, and the reinforcing metal mesh (6) is made of stainless steel metal material and is in the form of a grid, and the cross beams (5) and the reinforcing metal mesh (6) are staggered and equidistantly distributed along the arch shape of the arch frame segments (4), and at the same time, the reinforcing metal mesh (6) is cast together with the cross beams (5) and the arch frame segments (4) to form an integral connection.

3. A tunnel lining support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the side foundation arch frame unit (3) that fits with the arch frame segment (4) is provided with a T-shaped notch that is consistent with the structure thereof, and the arch frame segment (4) is connected to the side foundation arch frame unit (3) on the corresponding side via the T-shaped notch and a steel frame that is consistent with the structure of the cross beam (5) but shorter than the cross beam (5), and is connected as a whole via bolts via through holes that are consistent with the notch.

4. A tunnel lining support device and support method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile working vehicle (2) is provided with a driving system and a control system, and the second steering gear (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the steering base plate (10) via a shaft at its axis, and the steering base plate (10) rotates 360 degrees on the surface of the mobile working vehicle (2).

5. The tunnel lining support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting links (13) are connected in rotation in pairs via X-shaped distribution shafts and are symmetrically distributed between the construction base plate (15) and the steering base plate (10). Both ends of the outer walls of the construction base plate (15) and the steering base plate (10) are provided with sliding grooves that are slidably connected to the supporting links (13) distributed at the head and tail ends. At the same time, both ends of the hydraulic cylinder (14) are connected in rotation to the supporting links (13) distributed in the middle. The supporting links (13) form a folding structure through the hydraulic cylinder (14), and the construction base plate (15) forms a lifting structure above the steering base plate (10).

6. A tunnel lining support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction base plate (15) is used to rotate and connect the fence position of the turning frame (17) through and threadedly connected to the limit pin (20), and the turning frame (17) is provided with a notch threadedly connected thereto at the corresponding position thereof, and the turntable (1701) is horizontally rotated 180 degrees via the servo motor above the driving gear (1702), and at the same time, the top of the turntable (1701) is rotatably connected to a bracket for fixing the pouring nozzle (1706), the shaft at the axis center of the worm gear (1705) is fixed to the bracket for fixing the pouring nozzle (1706), and the pouring nozzle (1706) is connected to the concrete tank (9) via a pipeline via a high-pressure plunger pump.

7. A tunnel lining support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extension frame (1803) is cylindrical and has a scale engraved on its surface, and one end of the bottom of the mobile platform (1804) is fixedly connected to a nut threadedly connected to the outer wall of the lead screw (1805), and a slide groove for slidingly connecting the mobile platform (1804) is provided on the surface of the extension frame (1803), and a rubber pad is provided on the surface of the slide groove, and the side adjacent to the anchor spray head (1806) of the mobile platform (1804) is L-shaped, and at the same time, a sloped discharge port is opened below the surface of the mobile platform (1804) corresponding to the anchor spray head (1806).

8. The tunnel lining support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete tank (9) and the anchor tank (21) are both composed of a barrel body with an inner and outer double layer of metal material, and a stirring piece (22) is rotatably connected inside the concrete tank (9) and the anchor tank (21), and a heating module (23) is fixedly connected between the inner and outer tank bodies of the concrete tank (9) and the anchor tank (21), and the heating module (23) is electrically connected to an external temperature controller of the concrete tank (9) and the anchor tank (21).

9. A tunnel lining support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the mobile working vehicle (2) is rotatably connected to a reel (8), and the reel (8) is on the same side as the concrete tank (9) and is located below it, and the outside of the reel (8) is sleeved with a geotextile protective film, and the outside of the arc-shaped frame (19) is sleeved with a protective cover.

10. A supporting method for the tunnel lining supporting device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: The operator climbs onto the construction base plate (15) of the work vehicle and moves to its position, starts the hydraulic cylinder (14) to lift the base plate to a suitable height for drilling holes, and uses a handheld anchor drilling machine to drill holes in the tunnel surrounding rock according to the design requirements. The number of holes to be drilled depends on the design. Step 2: After the drilling is completed, the screw (1805) is operated according to the scale of the extension frame (1803) to move the platform (1804) to the corresponding drilling depth, the extension frame (1803) is slowly inserted into the hole and ensured to coincide with the hole axis, the valve of the anchor tank (21) is opened, and the anchor is sent into the hole through the anchor nozzle (1806), while the mobile platform (1804) moves outward, and the scraper (1807) takes out the gravel in the hole. After each group of anchor is filled, an anchor rod (7) is taken from the storage rack (16) and inserted into the drill hole for anchoring. The installation of the anchor rod (7) can be achieved by adjusting the height of the construction base plate (15) and the angle of the anchor nozzle (1806) through the first bevel gear (1801) and the second bevel gear (1802). The steering base plate (10) is used to rotate 360 ​​degrees through the second steering gear (12) to switch to the working surface on the other side of the tunnel; Step 3: After the anchor rod (7) is installed, the side foundation arch frame unit (3) is moved to a position with the aid of a mobile device so as to initially fit the side foundation arch frame unit (3). The arch frame segment (4) is connected to the side foundation arch frame unit (3) through a T-shaped notch and a short steel frame is inserted for initial positioning. After all the arch frame segments (4) are installed in this way, they are connected together through the through holes with bolts for secondary fixing. A reinforcing metal mesh (6) is laid on the arch frame segment (4) and filled at the staggered position with the cross beam (5). An electric drill is used to fix it to the tunnel wall and the arch frame segment (4) and the cross beam (5). At the same time, the exposed part of the anchor rod (7) is fixed to the corresponding position of the side foundation arch frame unit (3) and the arch frame segment (4) with high-strength bolts, so that the support assembly (1) is firmly connected to the surrounding rock. Step 4: The mobile work vehicle (2) moves to the pouring starting position, unrolls the geotextile protective film of the reel (8) and fixes the first section. The first section can be fixed on the ground surface with the help of ground bolts or other gravity components. The mobile work vehicle (2) moves to unfold the film to cover the tunnel ground, and starts the high-pressure plunger pump to send the concrete in the concrete tank (9) to the pouring nozzle (1706) through the pipeline. The operator stands on the construction base plate (15) near the anchor agent nozzle (1806), and adjusts the Y-axis direction of the pouring nozzle (1706) through the worm (1704) and the worm wheel (1705). The driving gear (1702) and the driven gear (1703) adjust the horizontal direction, and evenly pour concrete on the support component (1). The protective cover of the arc frame (19) can be unfolded to protect the construction personnel. After the first pouring, it is decided whether to pour a second time according to the design or engineering requirements, and the first pouring surface is processed and poured again according to the steps.

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